Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cotture alimenti'
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Quarato, Pierpaolo. "Tenerezza della carne in relazione al collagene e alle modalità di cottura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textBosi, Francesca. "Studio di diverse condizioni di cottura sulla formazione di acrilammide in biscotti." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textParódia, Carline Gass. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE QUEIJO COTTAGE SIMBIÓTICO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5687.
Full textThe growing popularity of functional foods, has promoted advances in the research of new products, specially in the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different levels of fat and inulin on the physicochemical and sensorial characteristics, instrumental color and texture, and viability of probiotic cultures of cottage cheese with the addition of Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus La - 5 and Bifidobacterium Bb 12, during storage for 21 days at 4 ± 1 °C. Twelve treatments of cottage cheese were elaborated with different fat and inulin concentrations according to a central composite design with 4 repetitions on the central point. Significant changes were observed on the physicochemical characteristics (tritable acidity, protein, fat, salt, moisture and ash) due to the different levels of fat and inulin in the cheeses. The assessment of the sensory attributes (global appearance, aroma, texture, acidity and taste) was carried out using a test with hedonic scale of 7 levels and an ordering test. The surface response showed different areas with tendency to better acceptance, varying according to the sensory attribute, in spite of no significant difference having been found by Tukey s test (p> 0.05). Only the linear and interaction of multiple linear regression terms were significant (p< 0.05) for the aroma sensory attribute; only the intercept of the equation of each attribute was significant (p< 0.05). The differences in the lipid profile were related to different fat levels in each formulation. The surface response was done to verify the influence of different levels of fat and inulin on pH and tritable acidity during storage; only linear terms of fat and inulin levels were significant (p< 0.05). The pH and tritable acidity affect the viability of the cultures during all the storage period. Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Bifidobacterium animalis had counts above 7 UFC g-1 during all the period, assuring the probiotic potential in all the cottage cheese formulations. The extent proteolysis increased significantly during storage, but this change has no reduce the firmness of the cheeses. The parameters of instrumental color and texture vary significantly (p< 0.05) between 1 and 21 days of storage for most formulations, but these results did not affect the acceptability of the tasters.
A crescente popularidade dos alimentos funcionais tem promovido avanços nas pesquisas com novos produtos, principalmente no setor de laticínios. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes concentrações de gordura e de prebiótico (inulina) sobre as características físico-químicas, sensoriais, cor e textura instrumental, bem como a viabilidade das culturas probióticas em queijo cottage adicionado de Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus La - 5 e Bifidobacterium Bb 12, durante o armazenamento por 21 dias a 4 ± 1 °C. Doze ensaios de queijo cottage foram elaborados com diferentes concentrações de gordura e inulina planejados através do Delineamento Central Composto Rotacional com quatro repetições no ponto central. Foi observada mudança significativa (p< 0,05) nas características físico-químicas (acidez, proteína, gordura, cloretos, umidade e cinzas) conforme as variações dos teores de gordura e inulina dos queijos. A avaliação dos atributos sensoriais (aparência geral, aroma, textura, acidez e sabor) foi realizada através de teste com escala hedônica de 7 níveis e teste de ordenação. As superfícies de resposta geradas mostraram diferentes regiões com tendência à melhor aceitação, variando cada região conforme o atributo analisado, apesar de não ter sido encontrada diferença estatística pelo Teste de Tukey (p> 0,05) nestas avaliações. Apenas o termo linear e de interação da regressão linear múltipla foram significativos (p< 0,05) para o atributo aroma; somente o intercepto da equação de cada atributo apresentou significância estatística (p< 0,05). Para o perfil lipídico, as diferenças significativas observadas foram atribuídas aos diferentes teores de gordura de cada formulação. A superfície de resposta foi elaborada para verificar a influência das diferentes concentrações de gordura e inulina sobre a acidez (expressa em ácido láctico) e o pH das formulações durante o armazenamento, tendo somente o termo linear da concentração de gordura e inulina apresentado significância (p< 0,05). O pH e acidez titulável das formulações influenciaram a viabilidade das culturas durante todo o armazenamento. Os Streptococcus termophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus e Bifidobacterium animalis apresentaram contagens acima de 7 UFC g-1 durante todo o período, garantindo a potencialidade probiótica de todas as formulações. A extensão da proteólise aumentou significativamente durante o armazenamento, mas esta mudança não reduziu a firmeza dos queijos. Os parâmetros de cor e textura instrumental variaram significativamente (p< 0,05) entre o 1º e 21º dia de armazenamento para a maioria das formulações, mas estes resultados não interferiram na aceitabilidade dos provadores.
Rampanti, Giorgia. "Caratterizzazione fisica di flat-cake ed impostazione di un modello matematico del processo di cottura in forno." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13676/.
Full textCasali, Nicola. "Modelli termofisici per l'analisi dei processi di cottura della carne in forni a convezione." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16608/.
Full textTondini, Chiara. "Caratterizzazione fisica di small cakes: proprietà termiche e diffusive." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textBorghetti, Alice. "Effetto della modalità e del tempo di cottura su alcuni caratteri fisici ed analitici del cardo di Cervia." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19282/.
Full textBrunelli, Linda. "Proprietà organolettiche delle carni di pollo." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textPiangerelli, Federico. "Standardizzazione delle corrette condizioni di cottura dei molluschi bivalvi per abbattere il rischio di Salmonella, E. coli, Vibrio cholerae e Vibrio parahaemolyticus." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Find full textEusebi, Lorenzo. "Variazione del contenuto di composti lipofili in campioni di cardo sottoposti a differenti metodi e tempi di cottura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textGIARDINIERI, ALESSANDRA. "Effects of cooking methods on bioactive compounds of cauliflowers and fishes." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/274584.
Full textThe growing scientific recognition that food components, significantly influence the human health, carry out people looking for foods rich in bioactive compounds having functional effects on the prevention of nutrition-related diseases. Anyway, the level of functional compounds in foods, as well as the functional effects exerted by the food, depend on different factors. Among them, the thermal treatments applied to cook food may have positive or negative impact on food bioactive properties. The aim of the present work was to compare the impact of innovative (steam-oven; sous vide) and traditional (boiling, convection oven) cooking methods on the main bioactive compounds of vegetable (cauliflower) and animal (salmon and sardine fillets) foods. Concerning vegetable foods, two varieties (Depurple and Cheddar) of colored cauliflowers (Brassica Oleracea L. var. botrytis) were considered and the effects of different cooking procedures were evaluated on the levels of lipid-soluble (tocopherols) and hydrophilic (phenols) antioxidants and glucosinolates. As regard animal foods, the impact of cooking was assessed on bioactive compounds and oxidative status of widely consumed fish fillets: salmon and sardine. Variations in term of fatty acid profile, tocopherols (and , peroxide and TBARS values were monitored in both fillets as consequence of cooking treatments. In addition, changes of the levels of peculiar salmon antioxidant compounds (astaxanthin and coenzyme Q10 ) and of an innovative marker for oxidative status (percentage of oxidized CoQ10 on total CoQ10 amount) were evaluated in salmon fillets. Our findings highlighted that cooking treatments can induce two opposite effects on food bioactive compound concentration: a reduction of compound level as effect of thermal degradation and/or an increase of extractability of compounds as effect of matrix softening. The extents of the two opposite effects were simultaneously related to processing operative conditions, structure of food matrix and chemical nature of the specific compound.
PROIETTI, ILARIA. "Impatto di processi alimentari tradizionali sulle attività biologiche di tannini e acido fitico nel porridge di sorgo: approccio integrato in vitro e analitico." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1746.
Full textFive sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) from Nigeria, Senegal, Burkina Faso and Italy (two), were characterized for their nutritional values by analysing the modulation of cellular functional markers (total protein content and GPx activity), chelating factors (iron-binding phenolic groups and phytates) content and phytase activity, as well as iron and zinc content, bioaccessibility and bioavailability, also considering the impact of food processing methods as fermentation and cooking. The results revealed that both variety and food processing affect most of the tested parameters. Chelating factors, trace elements, cellular total protein content, as well as the effect of processing (mainly fermentation) were modulated by variety. Fermentation decreased chelating factors content, as well as increased phytase activity, leading to enhancement of iron and zinc estimated bioavailability, whereas cooking had no substantial impact. On the other hand, fermentation process had a negative impact on both cellular functional markers while cooking only on the cellular total protein content. The African varieties, particularly the Senegal one, showed the most promising nutritional profile, whereas the two Italian varieties overall showed a poor one. The results indicate that selection of traditional varieties and processing methods can have a significant impact on parameters relevant to sorghum nutritional value.
Salvatori, Giulia. "Integrazione delle diete con additivi fitogenici nel pollo: valutazione degli effetti sulla qualità delle carni." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textAsensio, Claudia Mariana. "Utilización de aceites esenciales de variedades de orégano como conservante antimicrobiano, antioxidante y de las propiedades sensoriales de alimentos: quesos cottage, ricota y aceite de oliva." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/1692.
Full textEn nuestro país se producen cuatro variedades de oréganos: Mendocino, Compacto, Cordobés y Criollo. Esta planta aromática además de ser consumida cotidianamente como aromatizante de comidas puede ser destinada a la producción de aceites esenciales. El uso de aceites esenciales como conservantes naturales cobra especial importancia en la industria alimenticia, ya que estos compuestos son reconocidos como seguros (GRAS) para ser usados en forma intencionada en alimentos. Los aceites esenciales de orégano constituyen una alternativa como potenciales agentes antioxidantes y antimicrobianos prolongando la vida útil de los alimentos, especialmente aquellos ricos en grasas insaturadas, como es el caso del aceite de oliva, y aquellos que tienen alta actividad agua y que son susceptibles al deterioro microbiano, como es el caso de los quesos de pasta blanda como la ricota y el Cottage. El objetivo de este trabajo de tesis fue evaluar in-vitro las propiedades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas de aceites esenciales de las variedades de orégano producidas en Córdoba, Argentina, y evaluar el efecto conservante de dichos aceites esenciales sobre alimentos con alto contenido graso como el aceite de oliva y de humedad como los quesos de pasta blanda (ricota y Cottage) para preservar la calidad química, sensorial, nutricional y microbiológica de dichos productos. Para responder a estos objetivos se realizaron a) la determinación de la composición físico-química de los aceites esenciales de orégano (AE) de las variedades Mendocino (Men), Compacto (Com), Cordobés (Cor) y Criollo (Crio), b) la actividad antioxidante de los aceites esenciales mediante los test DPPH, FRAP; ABTS; ORAC y carotenos/linoleico, c) la actividad biocida de los aceites esenciales contra bacterias gram positivas y negativas, levaduras, hongos filamentosos y nemátodos; d) análisis sensoriales sobre productos alimenticios como queso ricota y aceite de oliva adicionados con aceites esenciales de orégano midiendo la aceptabilidad por parte de los consumidores y e) estudios de almacenaje para evaluar cambios químicos, sensoriales y microbiológicos que se producen en quesos de pasta blanda (ricota y Cottage) y aceite de oliva preparados con el agregado de aceites esenciales de orégano. Los diferentes AE de orégano presentaron distinta composición química, actividad antioxidante y biocida. El AE Crio presentó mayor actividad antioxidante para los métodos ABTS (TEAC de 0,21 Mm Tr/mg AE), FRAP (0,18 mM Ac Asc/mg AE) y ORAC (TE de 1,38 mM Tr/mg AE) y fue el que presentó el mejor comportamiento antimicrobiano con respecto a los demás AE exhibiendo bajos valores de CIM y con capacidad bactericida (CBM) contra E. coli y B. cereus al igual que AE Cor. El AE Men fue el más aceptado sensorialmente en las pruebas de aceptabilidad por parte de los consumidores cuando se los incluyó en los alimentos. Los AE tuvieron mayor actividad biológica pero presentaron menor aceptabilidad al ser incluidos en los alimentos. El aceite de oliva saborizado con AE Cor almacenado en Oscuridad presento mayor estabilidad y preservó con niveles mayores de intensidad los atributos sensoriales positivos del producto. En las muestras de queso Cottage el AE Cor mostró al final del almacenaje menores contenidos de ácidos láctico, acético y cítrico, y menor número de microorganismos mesófilos totales que el resto de los tratamientos. También estas muestras presentaron mejor relación de ácidos grasos saturados/insaturados al final del almacenaje resultados que indican que el AE Cor tiene una muy buena actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana cuando es aplicada sobre alimentos. En general los AE de especies de orégano presentaron buena aptitud para la conservación de alimentos impidiendo el deterioro oxidativo en aceite de oliva y en quesos (ricota y Cottage), además de mostrar buena actividad antimicrobiana en productos con alta actividad agua como el queso Cottage.
Four different oregano varieties Mendocino, Compacto, Cordobés, and Criollo are farmed In Córdoba province. This aromatic herb besides are consumed daily as food seasoning but also, could be used for the production of essential oils. The use of essential oils as natural preservative agents is particularly important in the food industry, since these compounds are recognized as safe (GRAS). Essential oils of oregano are an alternative as potential antioxidant and antimicrobial agents for prolonging the shelf life of products, especially in food with high unsaturated fats, such as olive oil, and in foods with high water activity that are susceptible to microbial spoilage, such as cottage cheese and ricotta. The aim of this thesis study was to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in vitro of essential oils of oregano varieties produced in Cordoba, Argentina, and to assess the preserving effect of these essential oils on high-fat foods as oil olive and on high humidity food as ricotta and cottage cheese to preserve the chemical, sensory, nutritional, and microbiological quality of these products. To reach these objectives several activities were performed: a) determination of physical and chemical composition of oregano essential oils (EO) of the varieties Mendocino (Men), Compacto (Com), Cordobés (Cor), and Criollo (Crio), b) antioxidant activity of essential oils by the DPPH, FRAP, ABTS; ORAC and carotenes / Linoleic tests, c) biocide activity of oregano essential oils against gram positive and negative bacteria, yeast, filamentous fungi and nematodes, d) sensory analyzes on cheese/ricotta and olive oil added with essential oils to determine acceptability for consumers e) storage studies to evaluate chemical, sensory, and microbiological changes produced in soft cheeses (ricotta and Cottage) and olive oil prepared with the addition of oregano essential oils. EO of oregano varieties showed differences in chemical composition, antioxidant and biocide activities. Crio EO had higher antioxidant activity in ABTS (TEAC: 0.21 Mm Tr/mg EO), FRAP (0.18 mM Asc Ac/mg EO), and ORAC methods (TE: 1.38 mM Tr/mg EO) and exhibited the highest antimicrobial performance presenting lower MIC values and bactericidal capacity (MBC) against E. coli and B. cereus, followed by Cor EO. Men EO had the greatest sensory acceptability for the consumers when this EO was included in food product. The EO were more active biologically but had lower acceptance when they were included in food. Olive oil flavored with Cor EO stored in darkness showed higher storage stability and preserved with higher ratings the positive sensory attributes in olive oil. Cottage cheese sample with Cor EO presented at the end of the storage lower lactic, acetic, and citric acid contents, and fewer total mesophilic microorganisms than other treatments. These Cottage cheese samples also presented better saturated/unsaturated fatty acids ratio at the end of storage which indicates that the Cor EO has a very good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity when is added to a food product. In general, oregano EO showed good aptitude for food preservation by preventing oxidative deterioration in olive oil and cheeses (ricotta and Cottage), and showed good antimicrobial activity in high water activity products like cheese Cottage.
Khouja, Dora. "Tools to develop dairy ingredients: bioactive and preservative purposes." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/23477.
Full textHigh cholesterol levels are a major concern these days due to the serious illnesses associated with this problem. Interesting progress has been made to overcome this situation and decrease the absorption of cholesterol by the body, including the incorporation of phytosterols in foods that can compete with cholesterol and decrease its absorption due to the structural similarity between the cholesterol and phytosterols. Mycosterols have been studied for the same purpose, particularly Ergosterol, which has already been shown to be more effective in reducing the absorption of cholesterol than phytosterols. Thus, the present proposal intended to explore mushroom´s bio-waste as a source of mycosterols, turning this bio-waste in an economic valuable raw material through the extraction of added value molecules. For this purpose, mycosterols were extracted from Agaricus bisporus L. by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in previously optimized conditions, characterized in terms of mycosterols (ergosterol) by HPLC-UV, and further evaluated for their hypocholesterolemic potential in CaCo2 cells. Furthermore, the enriched mycosterol extracts and the free ergosterol were incorporated in cottage cheese, in the free form and their stability and effects on the cheese characteristics were evaluated over the shelf life of the product. From the obtained results, it can be stated that the incorporation of A. bisporus extract and pure ergosterol did not cause significant differences in the cottage cheese. Regarding the physicochemical parameters, the color of cheese incorporated with the extract was the brownest compared to the other two samples (cottage cheese with ergosterol and control cottage cheese). Concerning the fatty acids, a dominance of palmitic acid followed by oleic and capric acids was detected. Saturated fatty acids were predominant in the samples followed by mono and polyunsaturated ones. Likewise, two types of sugars have been detected, lactose and glucose. The latter has been observed only in cheese incorporated with A. bisporus. In terms of microbial growth, the incorporations did not cause any significant alterations to the normal microorganisms found in the cottage cheese. From the hypocholesterolemic evaluation, it was possible to determine that Caco2 cells absorbed 43.89% of the cholesterol from the control cheese. On the other hand, cheese with pure ergosterol reduced cholesterol absorption by approximately 21.1%, while cheese with A. bisporus reduced absorption by approximately 30.24%. These results highlight the capacity of ergosterol to reduce the absorption of cholesterol, being an interesting candidate for the development of functional foods for hypocholesterolemic effects. Keywords: Cottage cheese, functional foods, mycosterols, hypocholesterolemic agents.
Atualmente, os níveis elevados de colesterol são uma preocupação global, devido às doenças graves relacionadas com o aumento deste esterol no organismo. Avanços significativos foram feitos pela comunidade científica para superar essa situação e diminuir a absorção de colesterol pelo organismo, o que incluiu a incorporação de fitoesteróis em alimentos. Estas moléculas competem com o colesterol e diminuem sua absorção devido à sua semelhança estrutural. Embora os fitoesteróis sejam eficientes, novas moléculas têm vindo a ser alvo de estudo para o mesmo objetivo, como os micosteróis, nomeadamente o ergosterol. Este, pode ser extraído de cogumelos e, embora não seja muito explorado, já demonstrou maior eficiência na redução da absorção do colesterol comparativamente com os fitoesteróis. Assim, a presente proposta pretende explorar bio resíduos de cogumelos Agaricus bisporus provenientes da indústria, como fonte de micosteróis, transformando-os em matéria-prima de valor económico uma vez que podem ser utilizados para extração de moléculas de elevado valor acrescentado. Assim, bio resíduos de cogumelos foram explorados como fonte de micosteróis, transformando-os em matéria-prima de valor económico pela obtenção de moléculas de valor acrescentado. Os micosteróis foram extraídos de Agaricus bisporus L. por extração assistida por ultrassom (EAU), caracterizados em termos de micosteróis (ergosterol) por HPLC-UV, e avaliados quanto ao seu potencial hipocolesterolémico em células CaCo2. Estes extratos e o ergosterol puro foram incorporados em requeijão, sendo a sua estabilidade e os efeitos da incorporação nas características do requeijão, avaliados ao longo do tempo de prateleira. Foi possível afirmar que a incorporação do extrato de A. bisporus e ergosterol puro não causou diferenças significativas no requeijão em termos nutricionais e em termos de crescimento microbiano. Em relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos, a cor do queijo incorporado com o extrato foi mais acastanhada em relação às outras duas amostras (ergosterol e controlo). Uma predominância do ácido palmítico seguido dos ácidos oleico e cáprico foram detetadas, sendo que os SFA predominaram. A lactose e glucose foram os dois açúcares encontrados, sendo que este último foi observado apenas em queijos incorporados com A. bisporus. Foi possível determinar que o queijo com ergosterol puro reduziu a absorção de colesterol em 21,1%, enquanto o queijo com A. bisporus reduziu a absorção em 30,24%. Esses resultados destacam a capacidade do ergosterol em reduzir a absorção de colesterol, sendo um candidato interessante para o desenvolvimento de alimentos hipocolesterolêmicos.
This work is funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of Project Mobilizador Norte-01- 0247-FEDER- 024479: ValorNatural®.