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Journal articles on the topic 'Cotton production'
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1
Agalati, Barnabé, and Pamphile Degla. "Effet des coûts de transaction sur la performance économique et l’adoption du coton biologique au Centre et Nord du Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 4 (August 17, 2020): 1416–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i4.20.
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Face au défi de la dégradation de l’environnement et des problèmes sanitaires liés à la production du coton conventionnel au Bénin, la production du coton biologique initiée depuis quelques décennies peine à se développer. Cet article s’intéresse à l’analyse de l’effet des coûts de transaction (CT) sur la performance économique et l’adoption du coton biologique au Centre et au Nord du Bénin. Basée sur un échantillon aléatoire de 408 producteurs dont 168 adoptants du coton biologique, l’étude a utilisé l’approche d’estimation des CT, la régression logistique et le test t de Student pour l’analyse des données. Les résultats montrent que les CT, plus élevés dans le système du coton biologique réduisent considérablement la performance économique de ce système et affectent négativement la probabilité de son adoption. Outre cet effet, il ressort également l’influence négative d’autres facteurs tels que le sexe, le niveau de rendement, la distance domicile-exploitation, le nombre d’années d’expérience dans la production cotonnière et le mode de faire valoir direct sur l’adoption du coton biologique. La formation technique dans la production du coton biologique et la situation géographique exercent par contre une influence positive sur l’adoption du coton biologique.Mots clés : Déterminants, système de production, économie néo-institutionnelle, agriculture biologique
English Title: Effect of transaction costs on the economic performance and the adoption of organic cotton in central and northern Benin
Regarding the environmental degradation challenge and health problems due to the production of conventional cotton in Benin, organic cotton production initiated several decades ago is struggling to develop. This paper focuses on analyzing the effect of transaction costs on the economic performance and the adoption of organic cotton in central and northern Benin. The study is based on a random sample of 408 producers, including 168 adopters of organic cotton. The transaction costs estimation approach, the logistic regression and the Student's t-test were used for data analysis. The results show that the high transaction costs in the organic cotton system significantly reduce the economic performance of this system and negatively affect the probability of adoption of organic cotton. In addition, there is the negative influence of other factors such as gender, the level of yield, the distance from home to farm, the years of experience in cotton production as well as the direct tenure mode in the adoption of organic cotton. On the other side, technical training in the production of organic cotton and the geographic location have a positive influence on the adoption of organic cotton.Keywords: Determinants, production system, new institutional economics, organic production.
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SORO, Siofougowary Mariam, and N’guettia René YAO. "Effet de l’apport au sol de déchets issus de l’égrenage du coton graine sur l’humidité du sol et la production en coton graine au nord de la Côte d’Ivoire." Journal of Applied Biosciences 150 (June 30, 2020): 15477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.150.8.
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Objectif : Pour tenter de réduire les effets de ces changements climatiques sur les productions, un apport au sol avant les mises en place des cultures de 12 t/ha de déchets de coton graine ou de compost associé à la moitié de la dose d’engrais minéral recommandée (200 kg/ha de NPK + 50 kg/ha d’urée) a permis d’améliorer l’humidité du sol sans aucun effet sur l’eau utile du sol. L’apport de déchets de coton graine ou de compost a permis aussi d’améliorer le nombre de capsules par plante, le nombre de capsules mûres récoltées, la qualité sanitaire des capsules mûres et surtout le rendement en coton graine. Conclusion : L’apport de 12 tonnes/ha de déchets de coton graine associés à de l’engrais chimique à la dose de 100 kg/ha de NPK et 25 kg/ha d’urée constituent un niveau optimum d’utilisation des déchets de coton graine en coton culture. Mots clés : Déchets de Coton graine, Humidité du sol, Rendement du cotonnier, Côte d’Ivoire. Effect of ginned cotton-seed waste application to the ground on soil moisture and cotton yield in northern Côte d'Ivoire ABSTRACT Objective: In an attempt to reduce the effects of climate change on production, an application to the ground prior to the establishment of 12 t/ha of ginned seed cotton waste associated with half of the recommended mineral fertilizer dose (200 kg/ha of NPK + 50 kg/ha of urea) improved soil moisture without any effect on the soil available water capacity. The supply of seed cotton waste or compost has also improved the number of capsules/plant, the number of mature capsules harvested, the sanitary quality of mature capsules and, above all, the yield in seed cotton. Conclusion: The supply of 12 tons/ha of seed cotton waste associated with chemical fertilizer at the dose of 100 kg/ha of NPK and 25 kg/ha of urea constitutes an optimum level of use of cotton seed waste in cotton farming. Keywords: Seed Cotton Waste, Soil Moisture, Cotton Yield, Ivory Coast.
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Kriger, Colleen. ""THE IMPORTANCE OF MANDE TEXTILES IN THE AFRICAN SIDE OF THE ATLANTIC TRADE, CA. 1680-1710"." Mande Studies 11, no. 1 (2009): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/mnd.2009.a873558.
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Abstract: Production and trade of cotton textiles in West Africa go back at least a millennium, creating a 'cotton culture' that spawned centers producing cottons for export. This article focuses on a number of such centers that were located in the hinterlands of Senegambia and the Southern Rivers regions of the Upper Guinea Coast in the seventeenth century. Speakers of Mande languages were among the producers and traders of these textiles, which Europeans recognized as items that were essential in the coastal and trans-Atlantic trade. Archival sources documenting this trade reveal some of the names of the trade cloths, their prices, and their vital role as commodity currencies that paid for goods and services. Locally made cotton textiles were for the most part relatively lower in price than overseas imports and thus were able to successfully compete with them in the marketplace. En Afrique de l'Ouest, la production et le commerce des tissus de cotton remonteaumoins à un millénaire. En résultent une Œculture du coton qui voit le développement de centres de production pour l'exportation. Cet article traite de certains de ces centres situés dans l'arrière-pays de la Sénégambie et desRivières du Sud au XVIIème siècle. Des locuteurs de langue mande font partie desproducteurs et commerçants de ces textiles, considérés par les Européens commedes produits importants du commerce côtier et atlantique. Des sources d'archives mentionnent certaines informations: les noms de certaines pièces, leurs prix, et le rôle fondamental joué comme moyen de paiment pour les biens et les services. Produits localement, les textiles de coton étaient moins chers que les importations et pouvaient doncles concurrencer avec succès.
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Kalkan, İsmet Ege, Elçin Emekdar-Karaman, Zuhal Karacayır, Gökhan Ünsal, and Umut Kıvanç Şahin. "Sustainable Denim Design Using Giza Cotton." European Journal of Research and Development 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v4i1.419.
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Designing denim fabrics that will have a longer wear life by combining Giza cotton, one of the best cottons in the world, with yarn technology, without using any reinforced synthetic fibers. Giza cotton will be used in the products to be developed specifically for the project. High strength yarns will be obtained with the fiber length of Giza cotton and the appropriate twist value to be applied. It is aimed that the fabrics produced from these threads will have a longer lifespan than normal cotton threads. One of the most important steps for the continuity of sustainable production will be that the produced product is recyclable and can be used for a longer time. In this way, a significant decrease in the carbon and water footprint resulting from production will be achieved. The environmental impact of production will be minimized.
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Shamsiddinovich, Muminov Najmiddin, Alimova Zarina Muzaffarovna, and Vasiev Xayrulla Ulugbekovich. "Research On Cotton Fibre For The Production Of Quality Textile Products." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 06 (June 18, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue06-04.
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The article presents the theoretical foundations of cotton and cotton fibre as the main strategic raw material for the production of quality textiles. It also highlights a brief history of the origin, properties, cultivation, collection and use of cotton. Information about the current state of the world market for the production and use of cotton. It will be argued that quality assurance is a complex problem that requires a lot of effort and responsibility on the part of all participants in the production of textile products. In addition, the methods and results of the study of quality indicators of cotton fibre - as the main raw material for textiles are presented.
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Yang, Zhongna, Jijun Tang, Mark Yu, Yong Zhang, Azhar Abbas, Shengde Wang, and Salim Bagadeem. "Sustainable Cotton Production through Increased Competitiveness: Analysis of Comparative Advantage and Influencing Factors of Cotton Production in Xinjiang, China." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (September 20, 2022): 2239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102239.
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Cotton production makes an important contribution to the income of rural residents and the economy in Xinjiang province, which leads other provinces in terms of planted area, total production, and average yield of cotton in China. This study analyzed the competitiveness of cotton production in the study area using the efficiency advantage index (EAI), scale advantage index (SAI), and aggregated advantage index (AAI). Moreover, the factors influencing the productivity of cotton have been investigated by the use of ridge regression and correlation matrix using a dataset for the period 2005 to 2018. The results showed that cotton production had a large comparative advantage in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2018. The average of efficiency advantage index (EAI), scale advantage index (SAI), and aggregated advantage index (AAI) are 1.50, 12.96, and 4.35, respectively. Overall, Xinjiang cotton production has a higher planting scale advantage and productivity. By using ridge regression to calculate the impact of cotton production on agricultural output value in Xinjiang, the results showed that total cotton production, fiscal expenditure on agricultural support, total agricultural machinery power, and fertilizer use had significant positive effects, whereas cotton sown area, average cotton yield, and the proportion of affected area by insects and diseases had negative impact agricultural output value. The study implies the need for a implementing a well-thought and empirically backed plan to support cotton production based on comparative advantage for a specific area, building a cotton production standard system, reducing the cost of cotton production, and building a cotton risk-protection system to protect the interests of cotton farmers and promote the sustainable development of the cotton industry.
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Aifa, Emile. "Approche Strategique pour Rentabilite Economique du Coton dans la Commune de Banikoara au Benin: la Cuma comme une Response Alternative?" European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 25 (August 31, 2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n25p48.
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Avec une production qui ne cesse de croître depuis 2016, le coton place actuellement le Bénin au rang du premier pays producteur du coton en Afrique. Pour maintenir cette tendance profitable à l’économie nationale, il est nécessaire de la rendre plus rentable aux producteurs, surtout avec la mise en œuvre de réformes visant la mécanisation de l’agriculture. C’est ce qui justifie cette étude ayant pour centre d’intérêt, la rentabilité économique de la production du coton, avec comme cadre expérimental, la localité de Banikoara, qui en est le premier producteur au plan national. L’objectif visé est de faire une analyse de la rentabilité économique du coton dans un contexte d’investissement en matériel de production. La méthode de direct costing a servi de modèle économique pour cet exercice qui a mis en exergue les stratégies d’association de cultures, de financement partiel de l’équipement sur emprunt et de promotion des CUMA (Coopérative d’Utilisation de Matériel Agricole). Au regard des résultats obtenus, on observe que la mise en œuvre de ces stratégies assure une rentabilité certaine aux producteurs.
With production that has continued to grow since 2016, cotton currently ranks Benin as the leading cotton-producing country in Africa. To maintain this profitable trend for the national economy, it is necessary to make it more profitable for producers, especially with the implementation of reforms aimed at the mechanization of agriculture. This is what justifies this study whose focus is the economic profitability of cotton production, with the experimental setting of the locality of Banikoara, which is the leading producer at the national level. The objective is to analyze the economic profitability of cotton in the context of investment in production equipment. The direct costing method served as an economic model for this exercise which highlighted the strategies of association of cultures, partial financing of equipment on loan and promotion of CUAE (Cooperative for the Use of Agricultural Equipment). In view of the results obtained, we observe that the implementation of these strategies ensures a certain profitability for the producers.
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Ochildiev, Fayzulla. "Cotton Production Development In Bukhara Emirate During The Late XIX – Early XX Centuries." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 02 (February 27, 2021): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue02-19.
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This article highlights such problems as the development of agriculture and cotton growing in the Bukhara Emirate at the end of the XX century; the policy of the Russian Empire of cotton growing after the conquest of the Bukhara Emirate; construction of the first cotton processing plants in the Bukhara emirate, as well as the expansion of land for growing cotton; leasing of a large number of Emirate lands as a result of the increased demand for cotton by the Russian Empire.
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Vishwanath Gowdru, Nithya. "A Resources use efficiency analysis of Bt and Non Bt cotton farmers in Karnataka, India." Journal of Global Economy 9, no. 3 (October 3, 2013): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v9i3.283.
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Cotton is the major commercial crop amongst all cash crops in India and provides livelihood to more than 60 million people in its cultivation, processing and textile industry. Cotton crop is infested by various pests causing significant yield losses therefore Bt cotton was introduced in India to reduce pesticide consumption and also increase productivity. Since introduction there has been ongoing debate on the superiority and/ or inferiority of Bt cotton over non Bt cotton. Therefore the present study was undertaken to examine the Bt cotton technology on output and efficiency of inputs used in cotton cultivation in Karnataka state of South India during 2007. Primary data was collected from 90 farmers cultivating Bt and non-Bt cotton in Haveri district, Karnataka, India. The Cobb-Douglas production and decomposition analysis techniques were used to estimate the influence of factors and Bt technology on output change. The production function analysis indicated that the co-efficients of expenditure on fertilizers, labour, plant protection chemicals and land were significant in case of Bt cotton cultivation. The result of Resource use efficiency analysis showed that efficient use of labour, fertilizers and seeds had contributed the most to the difference in returns between Bt-cotton and non-Bt cotton cultivation. Contribution of differences in the quantity of inputs used to higher returns from Bt cotton to the measured difference in gross returns between Bt and non-Bt cotton was 56.56 per cent, while that of the efficiency in the use of inputs was 23.83 per cent. Key words: Bt cotton, Resource use efficiency, Decomposition analysis
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Bhardwaj, H. L., J. B. Weaver, and R. F. Severson. "Presence of water-soluble materials on cotton terminals as related to bollwoxm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance." Journal of Agricultural Science 109, no. 1 (August 1987): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600081156.
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Bollworms (Heliothis zea Boddie and H. virescens F.) are serious cotton pests. During 1980, the cotton crop in U.S.A. suffered an 8·73% loss due to insect pests; 3·07% of this loss was due to the damage caused by bollworms. This 8·73% loss in cotton production occurred despite control measures adopted by cotton growers at an average cost of $36.27 per acre (Anon. 1981). Four plant characteristics impart varying degrees of host-plant resistance against bollworms in cotton (Maxwell, 1977). The bollworm moths exhibit an oviposition nonpreference towards glabrous and nectarless cottons. Presence of high gossypol and ‘X-factors’ in plant parts detrimentally affects the growth and survival of bollworm larvae. The ‘X-factors’ are unknown chemical substances that impart host-plant resistance against bollworms in cotton. This resistance was shown to be heritable by Lukefahr et al. (1974).
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Wang, Li, and Hui Mao. "Reformation Ideas and Suggestions to the Cotton Standardized Production Management Model in Xinjiang Corps." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1615–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1615.
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The demestic and foreign agricultural development experience shows that cotton standardization as an important sign of cotton modernization is very important to advance cotton industrialization,ensure the quality of cotton. The product standardization of cotton is the key point to develop cotton and increase farmer income. According to a field survey studied by Xinjiang Corps, by analyzing the current situation of Crops cotton, the new direction of Crops cotton production and operation medol is to reduce the labor input,reduce the cost of cotton production,improve cotton production scale and atandardization,and protect and enhance the interests of the main production,at last policy suggestions are established on promoting Crops cotton standardization.
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S More, Sachin, K. V. Deshmukh, and R. V. Chavan. "Has Production of Cotton in Maharashtra Shown Stable Growth Over the Years ?" Current Agriculture Research Journal 8, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.8.3.08.
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The growth and instability in area, production and yield of cotton in Maharashtra was assessed before and after introduction of Bt cotton varieties. The study aims to know the growth behavior of cotton production over the years. The contribution of area and productivity towards cotton production was measured by decomposing the cotton production series. The method proposed by Minhas and Vidhyanathan and reframed by Sharma was employed. The compound growth rate was estimated on the basis of fit using non-linear model i.e. exponential. The fitted equation was estimated using marquardt algorithms. Cuddy-Della Valle instability index was employed to estimate the instability in area, production and yield of cotton. The analysis was carried out using SAS macro available on IASRI web site with the help of SAS 9.3 software. Results revealed that, area, production and productivity of cotton were increased significantly after the introduction of Bt hybrids technology. The enhancement in productivity of cotton after the adoption of Bt hybrids technology by farmers was associated with the moderate instability. The productivity of cotton was moderately fluctuating from one year to another year. These fluctuations were also seen in cotton production. Bt cotton hybrids improved the yield and production and in some extent were also responsible for area expansion but the yield and production performance of cotton after the introduction of Bt was not stable. Enhancement in yield was the major factor responsible for improvement in cotton production in Maharashtra state compared to area.
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KADAM, M. M., H. J. WAGH, and J. A. LAMTULE. "Capital investment in cotton production." INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/irjaes/6.1/23-26.
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Ratna, Rajan Sudesh. "Cotton Production, Exports and Price." Foreign Trade Review 44, no. 4 (January 2010): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515100401.
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Wilson, Paul N., and Carl E. Gundersen. "Financial Risk in Cotton Production." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 17, no. 2 (December 1985): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200025206.
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AbstractRisk analysis continues to emphasize price and yield variability as the principal components of the decisionmaker's risk environment. This research demonstrates the relative importance of financial risk for a representative cotton farm in Arizona. For highly leveraged operations, financial risk may account for 70 percent of the total risk faced by the producer. Implications for future risk analysis are discussed in light of these findings.
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Tuychiev, Timur, Alisher Gafurov, and Venera Jumamuratova. "Experimental results of the improved cotton regenerator under production conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 497 (2024): 03039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449703039.
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The research article focuses on the application of an enhanced cotton regenerator in the Independence cotton cleaning technology within the TST AGRO cluster, presenting compelling results. The study assessed various key parameters related to cotton fiber quality to compare the performance of the improved cotton regenerator with the existing technology. Several crucial quality indicators were examined during the research, including the length uniformity index of cotton fiber (Unf), relative breaking strength (Str), the number of impurities in cotton fiber (Cnt), the amount of short fibers (SFI), and contamination with non-fibrous impurities. Additionally, changes in the color index (T) and quality aspects such as the degree of yellowness (+b) of the fiber were thoroughly investigated. The research findings revealed that the quality indicators of cotton fiber produced using the improved cotton regenerator surpassed those achieved with the existing regenerator technology. This suggests that the enhancements made to the regenerator positively influenced critical aspects of cotton fiber quality, including fiber length uniformity, breaking strength, impurity levels, and overall cleanliness. Moreover, the study examined color-related parameters, indicating that the improved regenerator contributed to maintaining or enhancing the fiber's color quality. The results of this research signify the potential benefits of implementing the improved cotton regenerator in the Independence cotton cleaning technology. This advancement has the capacity to positively impact the textile industry by delivering cotton fibers with superior qualities, thereby contributing to the overall improvement of cotton processing and manufacturing processes within the TST AGRO cluster.
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Delhom, Christopher D., Vikki B. Martin, and Martin K. Schreiner. "COTTON GINNERS HANDBOOK: Textile Industry Needs." Journal of Cotton Science 21, no. 3 (2017): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/zelz3209.
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The immediate customers of cotton gins are the producers; however, the ultimate customers are textile mills and consumers. The ginner has the challenging task to satisfy both producers and the textile industry. Classing and grading systems are intended to assign an economic value to the bales that relates to textile mill demands and the quality of the end product. International textile mills currently are the primary consumers of U.S. cotton lint where it must compete against foreign origins. International textile mills manufacture primarily ring-spun yarns, whereas domestic mills manufacture predominantly rotor spun yarns. Producers and ginners must produce cottons to satisfy all segments of the industry, i.e., domestic and international. Many fiber quality attributes are important to the textile industry including those that are included in HVI-based classing, i.e., strength, length, micronaire, trash, and grade. There are other important fiber quality attributes that are not included in HVI-based classing such as short-fiber content, fiber maturity, stickiness, fiber cohesion, and neps. The general steps of textile processing: opening, cleaning, carding, drawing, spinning, and fabric production have not changed in many years. However, manufacturing systems have become highly automated, and production speeds have dramatically increased. Contamination-free cotton has always been important to the textile industry, but recent changes in harvesting systems in conjunction with higher production speeds and global competition from synthetic fibers and other growths of cotton have increased the industry demand for contamination-free cotton. The ginner plays a vital role in preserving and improving the quality of cotton to meet the demands of the textile industry.
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Semerci, Arif, and Ahmet Duran Çelik. "Türkiye’de Pamuk Üretiminin Ekonomik Analizi: Hatay İli Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (February 23, 2019): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i2.246-252.2227.
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Among all other agricultural products, cotton has an important place in terms of added value contribution and a wide usage variety in different industries. Turkey was the 7th largest fiber cotton producer in the world by the time period of 2016/17 with a production amount of 703000 tons which provides 3.05% of the total global cotton production. Hatay city is one of the important cities in terms of cotton production. The province holds 10.32% of cotton production areas and provides 10.84% of the cottonseed and fiber cotton productions in Turkey. In the enterprises which were examined, input amounts that were used to produce 5.29 tons Raw cotton were as follows; 26.2 kg seed, 648.8 kg fertilizer, 8.5 lt agricultural pesticide, 404.9 lt diesel fuel, 6417.1 kw electricity, and 26.7 manpower. In terms of irrigation and harvest methods, 71.45% of the enterprises were using the surface irrigation method, and 58.38% of them used the machinery harvest method. Within the research area, subsidy excluded income per unit area was found as 2447.24 USD/ha and subsidy included income was found as 3529.39 USD/ha. It was found that, agricultural subsidies increase the income per unit area at a level of 44.22%, and deficiency payments have the biggest share in this contribution (1052.97 USD/ha).
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Malinga, L. N., and M. D. Laing. "Farmers' Production Practices, Incidence and Management of Pests and Diseases, Extension Services, and Factors Limiting Cotton Production and Quality in South Africa." South African Journal of Agricultural Extension (SAJAE) 51, no. 3 (November 1, 2023): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3221/2023/v51n3a14462.
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Cotton is one of the essential cash crops; however, several factors, such as low yields and pest and disease infestations, affect the production. In South Africa, cotton production has increased among small-scale farmers since the late 1990s. Although the crop is not new to South African farmers, no recent information reflects the current status of cotton production practices. A study evaluated farmers' production practices, the incidence and management of pests and diseases, extension services, and factors limiting cotton production and quality in South Africa. One hundred and forty farmers, mainly smallholder farmers, were interviewed during the 2017/18 growing season. Most farmers planted genetically modified (GM) cotton on less than 5 ha of cotton, with 96% planting under dryland. Most farmers neither practised conservation agriculture (95%) nor conducted soil analyses (87%). A mean cottonseed yield of 700 kg ha-1 was reported on dryland cotton, and 5 000 kg ha-1 was obtained from irrigated cotton. Most of the farmers (99%) harvested their cotton by handpicking. Farmers' pest knowledge was higher than their knowledge of different diseases. Most participants were unaware of nematodes (88%) or disease-resistant cultivars (74%), while 91% were aware of insect-resistant cultivars. Extension officers only mentored and supported many respondents (82%). Most farmers (93%) relied on pesticides to control cotton pests, and the rest (7%) used biological control. Climatic conditions (98%), labour costs (88%), and insect infestations (42%) were identified as the main constraints in cotton production. Although this study had a limited number of surveyed farmers, it gives some insight into their knowledge and challenges.
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Islam, M. Nurul, S. M. Mahruf Hossain, Ayesha Khatton, Jahid Sarker, Helena Akhter Sikder, and A. M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury. "Production of Fabrics with Etherified Jute Blended Yarns." Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology 7, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjet.2022.v07i03.005.
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Different fabrics were prepared by plain weaving with the blended yarns made of etherified jute fibre in the ratio of 50:50 with cotton, rayon and polyester. The physical properties of fabrics from blended yarns have been compared with those of cotton fabrics made with the same calculation 30 tex yarns. The mechanical properties of these fabrics were determined to monitor their serviceability in practical use and to ensure their suitability as jute blended cotton and synthetic fabrics. The softness and handling characteristics presented by the blending length and flexible firmness of the blended fabrics were much more comparable to that of the cotton fabrics with the indented fabric structure. The strength properties of etherified jute blended fabrics showed that the durability and serviceability of these fabrics was not much less than that of cotton fabrics due to any stress and deformation during use. It has also been observed that the blending of etherified jute with cotton, rayon, polyester or any other flexible fiber improves the draping properties of the fabrics made from it and in actual use these fabrics have almost the same bright look and firmness of cotton fabrics.
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Qu, Junlin, Zhongwei Wang, Changchun Hu, Qian Yin, and Yan Pang. "Potential use of waste cotton in production of biomass composites." BioResources 14, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 8424–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.4.8424-8438.
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Mechanical and waterproof properties were evaluated for hot-pressed cotton boards produced from different layers (3, 4, and 5) of cotton veneers under the same weight of cotton fibers and melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The mechanical and waterproof properties of cotton boards exceeded the specifications for particleboard and medium-density fiberboard of the China national standard requirements, and the four-layer cotton boards performed better. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that fibers were intertwined to form a dense network structure after hot-pressing with water, and thicker veneers were not conducive to the penetration of adhesives after cold-pressing. Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that hydrogen bonding, physical, and mechanical bonding took place in the cotton veneers, and stronger absorption peaks were shown for the chemical functional groups of the five-layer and four-layer cotton boards. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed that the cellulose crystallinity of the cotton boards (3, 4, and 5 layers) increased to 74.5%, 74.4%, and 73.2%, respectively. Thermal gravity/ differential thermal gravity curves showed that the thinner cotton veneers of the cotton boards showed better thermal stability. These results showed promise for the revaluation of this textile waste to produce biomass composites and for its potential use as a raw material in the preparation of biomass composites.
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Niu, Yingnan, Gaodi Xie, Yu Xiao, Keyu Qin, Jingya Liu, Yangyang Wang, Shuang Gan, et al. "Spatial Layout of Cotton Seed Production Based on Hierarchical Classification: A Case Study in Xinjiang, China." Agriculture 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080759.
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Cotton seed production is the main form of agriculture in Xinjiang, China. Unreasonable distribution of cotton seed production results in a waste of water, land, and human resources. In this study, we established a hierarchical classification integrating method; investigated the spatial suitability of climate, land and water resources, and infrastructure; examined the production risk and planting history; and integrated spatial suitability and production risk and history to produce the spatial layout of seed production for early-maturing cotton (EMC), early–medium-maturing cotton (EMMC), and long staple cotton (LSC) in Xinjiang. The results indicated that the appropriate areas for EMC, EMMC, and LSC seed production are 6.4 × 105, 5.5 × 105, and 3.6 × 105 ha, respectively. By combining the suitable areas of seed production for the three cotton species, we concluded that the superior and most suitable area for producing cotton seed of EMC, EMMC, or LSC is located in the western Tarim Basin. The sub-suitable area for cotton seed production of EMC, EMMC, or LSC is mostly distributed in the western and northern Tarim Basin. This research provides a good solution to the selection of cotton seed production base; however, adoption will depend on the actual preference and market factors.
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ENGONOPOULOS, Vassilis, Varvara KOUNELI, Antonios MAVROEIDIS, Stella KARYDOGIANNI, Dimitrios BESLEMES, Ioanna KAKABOUKI, Panagiota PAPASTYLIANOU, and Dimitrios BILALIS. "Cotton versus climate change: the case of Greek cotton production." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 49, no. 4 (December 2, 2021): 12547. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha49412547.
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Through the last century, the increased greenhouse gases emissions altered the atmosphere’s composition and resulted to the phenomenon known as climate change. Climate change threatens the sustainability of the agricultural sector in the Mediterranean region. Droughts and extreme heat waves will probably become more frequent in the next few decades, thus maintaining sufficient yields in heat and drought susceptible major crops will be challenging. In Greece, cotton is of paramount economic importance. Besides the fact that it is regarded as the most significant fiber crop, Greece is the main cotton producer of the European Union. The aim of the present review was to examine the environmental factors that might affect cotton production in Greece and assess whether (or not) climate change has the potential to limit the productivity of this crop in the near future. According to the existing literature, cotton can adapt to the changing climate. Climate change-induced elevated CO2 levels and temperatures might even benefit cotton. The mitigation of the adverse effects of climate change is possible via the adaptation of site-specific agronomic practices. A simplistic framework, based on the literature and the goals of the European Union, that aims to the preservation of sufficient cotton yields in Greece is proposed in the present study.
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He, Jiayuan. "Comparative Sustainability Assessment of Organic Versus Conventional Cotton Production." International Journal of Education and Humanities 10, no. 2 (August 29, 2023): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v10i2.11317.
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The global textile and clothing fabric industry is one of the top polluters annually, underscoring the need for sustainable production innovations (Bonou-zin et al., 2019). Traditional cotton cultivation frequently entails extensive water use and synthetic pesticide and fertilizer applications, leading to water pollution, soil erosion, biodiversity decline, and lasting impacts on ecosystems and human health (Bonou-zin et al., 2019). Despite growing consumer awareness of textile sustainability and advancements promoting organic cotton, its adoption remains notably lower than conventional cotton (Delate et al., 2021). Organic cotton, championing environmental, social, and economic sustainability, markedly reduces the environmental challenges linked with traditional methods (Delate et al., 2021). This review provides a comprehensive assessment of organic cotton, highlighting its advantages over conventional cotton across economic, environmental, and social sustainability dimensions, and anticipates future growth trends.
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S R, DEVEGOWDA, ANKIT YADAV, NAGAVENI M, and SAKET KUSHWAHA. "Sowing seeds of prosperity: Uncovering the calculated growth, instability and decomposition of cotton in India." Journal of Farm Sciences 36, no. 03 (January 10, 2024): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.61475/jfs.2023.v36i3.11.
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The present study examines the growth, instability and decomposition of cotton in India. The compound growthrate analysis revealed that the cotton cultivation area in India experienced a compound growth rate of 0.68 per cent, cottonproduction showed a compound growth rate of 3.31 per cent and cotton yield exhibited a compound growth rate of 2.6per cent from 1951 to 2020. The instability analysis using the Cuddy-Della Valle index indicates that cotton production hada coefficient of variation of 42.45 per cent, while cotton yield had a coefficient of variation of 25.83 per cent. Decompositionanalysis further reveals that the contribution of yield effect to cotton production in India ranged from 145.27 per cent inone period to -39.22 per cent in another period. The findings highlight significant growth in cotton area, production, andyield in India, although with some fluctuations and instabilities. Technological advancements were identified as the drivingforce behind the increased cotton production. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing production risks andsuggests policies that focus on improving yield to further enhance cotton production in India.
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KAPTAN, Mustafa Ali, and Büşra AĞAOĞLU. "Cotton Farmers' Fertilizer Selection and Fertilization Approaches In Cotton Production." Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1360489.
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Yoğun pamuk yetiştiriciliği yapılan iki farklı bölgede ki çiftçilerin pamuk tarımına bakışları ile birlikte pamuk tarımında gübre seçimi ve gübreleme yaklaşımlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çalışmada bitki besleme eğilimlerini ve genel bilgilerini içerecek şekilde toplam 28 soru içeren anket kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bölge olarak Söke ve Bismil Ovaları seçilmiş ve her bölgeden 26 ‘şar çiftçi toplamda 52 çiftçiye sorular yöneltilmiştir. Karşılıklı soru-cevap ve bilgi edinme şeklinde bulgular elde edilmiş ve sonuçlar analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, 28 sorunun 15’inde benzerlikler görülmüş kalan 13 soruda ise farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Söke’de gübreleme deneyimleri bakımından Ziraat Mühendislerine güven %38, kendisine güven %31 bulunmuştur. Organik gübre kullanımı, %50, organomineral gübre kullanımı %27, yayıcı-yapıştırıcı kullanımı %69 ve bitki gelişim düzenleyici (BGD) kullanımı %100 olarak saptanmıştır. Destekleme ödemelerinde zorunluluk öncesi ekim nöbeti yapma oranı %46 bulunmuştur. Çiftçilerin toprak analizi yaptırma oranı %96, yaprak analizi yaptırma oranı %38 ve sulama suyu analiz yaptırma oranı ise %42 bulunmuştur. Bismil’de ise gübreleme deneyimleri bakımından Ziraat Mühendislerine güven %67, kendisine güven %20 bulunmuştur. Organik gübre kullanımı %20, organomineral gübre kullanımı yok, yayıcı-yapıştırıcı kullanımı %16 ve bitki gelişim düzenleyici (BGD) kullanımı %76 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Destekleme ödemelerinde zorunluluk öncesi ekim nöbeti yapma oranı %20 bulunmuştur. Çiftçilerin toprak analizi yaptırma oranı %12, yaprak analizi yaptırma oranı %5 ve sulama suyu analiz yaptırma oranı ise %16 bulunmuştur. Bitki besleme ve gübreleme bilincinin çiftçilere kazandırılmasının, toprakların muhafazası ve sürdürülebilirliği açısından çok önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
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Jans, Yvonne, Werner von Bloh, Sibyll Schaphoff, and Christoph Müller. "Global cotton production under climate change – Implications for yield and water consumption." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 2027–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2027-2021.
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Abstract. Being an extensively produced natural fiber on earth, cotton is of importance for economies. Although the plant is broadly adapted to varying environments, the growth of and irrigation water demand on cotton may be challenged by future climate change. To study the impacts of climate change on cotton productivity in different regions across the world and the irrigation water requirements related to it, we use the process-based, spatially detailed biosphere and hydrology model LPJmL (Lund–Potsdam–Jena managed land). We find our modeled cotton yield levels in good agreement with reported values and simulated water consumption of cotton production similar to published estimates. Following the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) protocol, we employ an ensemble of five general circulation models under four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) for the 2011–2099 period to simulate future cotton yields. We find that irrigated cotton production does not suffer from climate change if CO2 effects are considered, whereas rainfed production is more sensitive to varying climate conditions. Considering the overall effect of a changing climate and CO2 fertilization, cotton production on current cropland steadily increases for most of the RCPs. Starting from ∼65 million tonnes in 2010, cotton production for RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 equates to 83 and 92 million tonnes at the end of the century, respectively. Under RCP8.5, simulated global cotton production rises by more than 50 % by 2099. Taking only climate change into account, projected cotton production considerably shrinks in most scenarios, by up to one-third or 43 million tonnes under RCP8.5. The simulation of future virtual water content (VWC) of cotton grown under elevated CO2 results for all scenarios in less VWC compared to ambient CO2 conditions. Under RCP6.0 and RCP8.5, VWC is notably decreased by more than 2000 m3 t−1 in areas where cotton is produced under purely rainfed conditions. By 2040, the average global VWC for cotton declines in all scenarios from currently 3300 to 3000 m3 t−1, and reduction continues by up to 30 % in 2100 under RCP8.5. While the VWC decreases by the CO2 effect, elevated temperature acts in the opposite direction. Ignoring beneficial CO2 effects, global VWC of cotton would increase for all RCPs except RCP2.6, reaching more than 5000 m3 t−1 by the end of the simulation period under RCP8.5. Given the economic relevance of cotton production, climate change poses an additional stress and deserves special attention. Changes in VWC and water demands for cotton production are of special importance, as cotton production is known for its intense water consumption. The implications of climate impacts on cotton production on the one hand and the impact of cotton production on water resources on the other hand illustrate the need to assess how future climate change may affect cotton production and its resource requirements. Our results should be regarded as optimistic, because of high uncertainty with respect to CO2 fertilization and the lack of implementing processes of boll abscission under heat stress. Still, the inclusion of cotton in LPJmL allows for various large-scale studies to assess impacts of climate change on hydrological factors and the implications for agricultural production and carbon sequestration.
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Jahedi, M. B., F. Vazin, and M. R. Ramezani. "EFFECT OF ROW SPACING ON THE YIELD OF COTTON CULTIVARS." Cercetari agronomice in Moldova 46, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10298-012-0101-y.
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ABSTRACT Modern cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars with herbicide resistance have rejuvenated an interest in narrow row cotton production, primarily because of the reduction of weed control problems encountered in the past with narrow row systems. While the primary goal of narrow row cotton is to reduce production costs, an agronomic and physiological evaluation of this cropping system is also needed. The objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of using modern cotton cultivars in narrow rows (30 cm) for cotton production in the Gonabad and to assess the effect of these various systems on cotton growth, lint yield, and fiber quality. Plant height, sympodia and total bolls per plant were reduced in cotton grown in narrow row spacing. In most cases, cotton grown in narrow rows had lint yields equal to or higher than those attained in the 70 cm spacing. modern cultivars in narrow row cotton production did not improve lint yield. No conclusions could be made regarding the impact of plant stature on lint yield. Row spacing had little impact on fiber quality narrow row cotton appeared to be a viable agronomic cotton production practice for the Gonabad compared with conventionally - grown cotton based upon lint yield and fiber quality.
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Karamatov, O. O., A. D. Khaldarov, and Sh K. Rakhmanov. "INNOVATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UZBEKISTAN: REALITIES AND PROSPECTS FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC COTTON." Journal of Science and Innovative Development 3, no. 5 (November 6, 2020): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36522/2181-9637-2020-5-1.
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The demand for textile products which are produced on organic cotton has been increasing every year. Therefore, the countries producing organic cotton are annually increasing the volume of its production. Uzbekistan, although it is one of the main producers and exporters of cotton in the world market, has been producing organic cotton only since 2019. The country has all facilities for the further development of organic cotton production, since in recent years, in order to gradually liberalize the agricultural sector, radical changes have taken place, especially in cotton growing. The adopted legal acts have contributed to improving the organization of agrarian and processing industries; new structures have been organized, uniting the whole cycle of cotton production, processing and marketing of textile products through agricultural clusters. The study claims that the main producers of organic cotton and textile products may be cotton-textile agro clusters, which have the opportunity to independently enter the world market and cover a certain segment of the organic cotton market. This study is aimed at studying the experience and analysis of the production of organic cotton in the agricultural cluster Textile Technologies Group LLC. It assesses the development opportunities for organic cotton production in the republic.
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ERDAL, Gülistan, Aytan ZEYNALOVA, and Sait ENGİNDENİZ. "Analysis of cotton production and price relationship by Koyck model: a case study for Azerbaijan." Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 60, no. 4 (November 28, 2023): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1359942.
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Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the production quantity-price relationship in cotton production in Azerbaijan with the data of the period 1995-2022.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the data obtained from FAOSTAT and the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan were analyzed. Koyck model was used to analyze the relationship between cotton production and price in Azerbaijan.
Results: It was determined that the time required for the change in cotton prices to cause a significant and perceptible effect on cotton production is 2,86 years according to the average number of lags. A one-unit increase in cotton prices increases production by 2,524 tons, while a one-unit change in prices in the previous period increases cotton production by 1,870 tons.
Conclusion: In order to sustain and increase cotton production in Azerbaijan and to create international competition opportunities, it is necessary to closely follow the developments in the production of this product and develop alternative strategies and policies.
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Zhang, Youchang, Hancheng Mei, Zhenghua Yan, Aibing Hu, Simian Wang, Changhui Feng, Kehai Chen, et al. "Year-Round Production of Cotton and Wheat or Rapeseed Regulated by Different Nitrogen Rates with Crop Straw Returning." Agronomy 13, no. 5 (April 28, 2023): 1254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051254.
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Double direct seeding of cotton (with wheat or rapeseed) is a new method for cotton-growing regions in the Yangtze River Basin to adapt to the development of mechanization. It would help to reduce manual labor, optimize the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be used, reduce the physical and chemical production costs, and improve the benefits of cotton fields. We selected five counties from the major cotton-producing areas of Hubei Province for three consecutive seasons, from winter 2020 to spring 2022. The experimental sites used no tillage with straw returning to the field, double direct seeding, late sowing at high density, and one-time fertilization to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on the yield characteristics of cotton, wheat, and rape and calculate the economic benefits of the two cultivation modes under different nitrogen fertilizer input levels through parameters such as land-use efficiency, production efficiency, and profitability. In both cotton–wheat and cotton–rapeseed cropping systems, the number of bolls per plant in cotton was the lowest in the N165 (90 cotton + 75 wheat/rape kg ha−1) treatment. The cotton yield was the highest at N247.5 (135 cotton + 112.5 wheat/rape kg ha−1) in the cotton after the wheat system and N412.5 (225 cotton + 187.5 wheat/rape kg ha−1) in the cotton after the rape system. The yield of wheat and rape increased with the increase in the levels of nitrogen fertilizer, with the N165 treatment showing the lowest values. With an increase in nitrogen fertilizer, the harvest index of wheat first maximized and then started decreasing. The harvest index in wheat was the highest at N247.5 (135 cotton + 112.5 wheat/rape kg ha−1) and N330 (180 cotton + 150 wheat/rape kg ha−1), whereas, in rape, it increased with nitrogen fertilizer application, with the highest value at N495 (270 cotton + 225 wheat/rape kg ha−1). Economically, the expenses and income of both cotton–wheat and cotton–rape systems increased as nitrogen fertilizer increased. The net profit and benefit ratio first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer, with N247.5 (135 cotton + 112.5 wheat/rape kg ha−1) scoring the maximum values for both of these parameters. The land-use efficiency and production efficiency increased with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer, and the production efficiency of the N165 (90 cotton + 75 wheat/rape) treatment was significantly lower than that of the other four treatments. The profitability increased first and then decreased with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer, with the N247.5 (135 cotton + 112.5 wheat/rape) treatment showing the highest profit. The production cycle of cotton–rape was slightly shorter than that of cotton–wheat, and the system productivity was also lower. The expenses and land-use and production efficiency of the rapeseed system were lower than those of wheat, while the gross income, net profit, and productivity of the cotton–rape system were higher than those of cotton–wheat. The application of nitrogen fertilizer in the cotton–wheat double-cropping system under straw return can achieve the maximum net profit, production ratio, and yield at the low nitrogen level of N247.5, (135 cotton + 112.5 wheat/rape kg ha−1). Due to the price advantage of rape, the net profit, production ratio, and income of the cotton–rape production system are higher than those of the cotton–wheat production system.
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Esquivel, Isaac L., Robert N. Coulson, and Michael J. Brewer. "A Native Bee, Melissodes tepaneca (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Benefits Cotton Production." Insects 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11080487.
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The cotton agroecosystem is one of the most intensely managed, economically and culturally important cropping systems worldwide. Native pollinators are essential in providing pollination services to a diverse array of crops, including those which have the ability to self-pollinate. Cotton, which is autogamous, can potentially benefit from insect-mediated pollination services provided by native bees within the agroecosystem. Examined through two replicated experiments over two years, we hypothesized that native bees facilitated cross-pollination, which resulted in increased lint of harvested bolls produced by flowers exposed to bees and overall lint weight yield of the plant. Cotton bolls from flowers that were caged and exposed to bees, flowers that were hand-crossed, and bolls from flowers on uncaged plants exposed to pollinators had higher pre-gin weights and post-gin weights than bolls from flowers of caged plants excluded from pollinators. When cotton plants were caged with the local native bee Melissodes tepaneca, seed cotton weight was 0.8 g higher on average in 2018 and 1.18 g higher on average in 2019 than when cotton plants were excluded from bees. Cotton production gains from flowers exposed to M. tepaneca were similar when measuring lint and seed separately. Cotton flowers exposed over two weeks around the middle of the blooming period resulted in an overall yield gain of 12% to 15% on a whole plant basis and up to 24% from bolls produced from flowers exposed directly to M. tepaneca. This information complements cotton-mediated conservation benefits provided to native pollinators by substantiating native bee-mediated pollination services provided to the cotton agroecosystem.
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Wang, Wei, Chongmei Zhang, Jiahao Song, and Dingde Xu. "The Impact of Target Price Policy on Cotton Cultivation: Analysis of County-Level Panel Data from China." Agriculture 11, no. 10 (October 10, 2021): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11100988.
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China is an important cotton production area in the world. Since 2014, China has implemented a cotton target price subsidy policy in Xinjiang for 7 years. As the policy implementation time has lengthened, some deep-seated problems have started to emerge. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and evaluate to clarify the future policy direction of the cotton target price subsidy policy. Based on county-level panel data of Xinjiang and Shandong from 2011 to 2018, this paper used the Propensity Score Matching—Difference in Difference method to analyze the impact of the implementation of cotton target price subsidy policy on cotton planting in Xinjiang. The results showed that: (1) after the implementation of the cotton target price subsidy policy, cotton production was stimulated by the transition, cotton producers’ enthusiasm for cotton production was higher, cotton production increased rapidly, and the yield per unit area decreased, indicating that there was a ’bubble’ in cotton cultivation. (2) The target price subsidy policy mainly achieves the expansion of the cotton planting scale by reducing the area of competitive crops. In view of the above research conclusions, this paper further explains its policy implications. It is proposed that the future cotton target price level should be formulated to fully consider the comparative benefits between different crops, to restrict the subjects that enjoy subsidies and the upper limit of subsidies, and strictly implement the concept of green development; it is necessary to guide cotton production out of ecologically vulnerable areas.
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Steckel, Lawrence E., and C. Owen Gwathmey. "Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Growth, Seed Production, and Interference in Cotton." Weed Science 57, no. 3 (June 2009): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-08-127.1.
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Field studies were conducted to examine both density and duration of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed interference in cotton. Two studies, one examining the effect of horseweed density and a second the duration of horseweed interference, were conducted on a site with a natural population of horseweed that were treated with glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha−1prior to planting and at the 2nd and 4th cotton node growth stages. GR horseweed density effect on cotton height, maturity, and lint yield was determined at horseweed densities of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 plants m−2. Duration of horseweed interference was evaluated when 20 horseweed m−2were allowed to interfere with cotton from emergence to 2nd node, 6th node, 10th node, 12th node, and 1st bloom stage of cotton. The maximum cotton lint yield loss (46%) occurred when horseweed was allowed to compete with cotton from emergence to maturity at the two highest densities (20 and 25 horseweed m−2). When the data were fit to the Cousens model the estimateda(maximum yield loss) andi(yield loss per unit density as density approaches zero) were 53 ± 7.3 and 2.8 ± 0.6 SE, respectively. In both years of the study, horseweed interference from emergence to the 2nd cotton node did not reduce cotton lint yields. In 2006, cotton lint yield loss was 28% compared to 39% in 2005 when horseweed interfered with cotton from emergence until the 6th cotton node. Cotton lint yield loss was 37 and 44% when horseweed competed to the 8th cotton node in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Maximum horseweed seed production was 134,000 to 148,000 seeds m−2.
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Dodds, Darrin M., Tyler H. Dixon, Angus L. Catchot Jr., Bobby R. Golden, Erick Larson, Jac J. Varco, and Chase A. Samples. "Evaluation of Wheat Stubble Management and Seeding Rates for Cotton Grown Following Wheat Production." Journal of Cotton Science 21, no. 2 (2017): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/umck2683.
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Growers desiring to maximize productivity of farm land have driven interest in double-cropping cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) following wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. However, the optimum approach for wheat stubble management and cotton seeding rates to achieve optimum cotton yield following wheat production yields is not completely defined. The objective of this study was to evaluate wheat stubble management practices and cotton seeding rates following wheat production. Field research was conducted in 2012 and 2013 at the R.R. Foil Plant Science Research Center in Starkville, MS and at the Black Belt Branch Experiment Station near Brooksville, MS. Wheat stubble management techniques included: no-till planting of cotton seed into undisturbed wheat stubble (None); double-disking wheat stubble followed by re-forming beds with a one-pass bedding implement (Re-bed); and burning wheat stubble and planting cotton seed without additional tillage (Burn). Delta and Pineland 0912 B2RF cotton seed was seeded at the following rates (planted seeds ha-1): 49,000; 86,500; 123,500; and 160,500. Generally, as cotton seeding rates increased, percent cotton emergence decreased. Burning wheat stubble prior to planting cotton seed resulted in greater cotton emergence when compared to other wheat stubble management techniques. Cotton height at the end of the season was unaffected by wheat stubble management technique or cotton seeding rate. Cotton yields were highest when wheat stubble was burned and cotton was seeded at 160,500 seeds ha-1. These data suggest that increasing cotton seeding rate and planting cotton seed into burned wheat stubble could increase the success rate of double cropping cotton following wheat.
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ASMARE, GEDEFAW. "Pulp Production and Optimization from Cotton Stalks." Berhan International Research Journal of Science and Humanities 1 (January 24, 2020): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.61593/dbu.birjsh.01.01.42.
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Currently there is no pulp producing factory in Ethiopia. This is because pulp production is highly energy and water intensive, acquiring the raw material (wood cultivation and preparation) is costly and time taking. The study initiated by these problems and aimed at optimizing pulping variables and selecting suitable delignification conditions for the production of pulp from cotton stalk. The influence of operational variables on the pulp yield and lignin dissolution of cotton stalks was studied. Cotton stalks chips were delignified in a laboratory pulp wood according to the Kraft pulping process. The conditions used were: active alkali charge (5- 25%), sulfidity (10-50%), cooking temperature (155-175 oC and cooking time (30 – 150 minutes). The cotton stalks chip size and liquor to solid ratio was kept constant at 2 cm X 0.5 cm X 0.5 cm on average and 5 L to 1 kg, respectively. Experimental data were fitted into a central composite design and a quadratic equation has developed. Model prediction for pulp yield and kappa number showed good agreement with experimental data with error values less than 5%. Optimum pulp percent yield (39.6%) was obtained using at 15% of active alkali, 20% of sulfidity, 165 oC temperature and 30 minutes of cooking time. The study showed that pulping at low temperatures for a short cooking time with high concentration of pulping liquor gives the best compromise for both pulp yield and kappa number/residual lignin content. The result of morphology analysis showed that cotton stalks has similar fiber dimensions with eucalyptus. From the results of the study it is recommended that cotton stalk, which is by product of cotton production, can be used as a raw material for pulp production.
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Walton, Jonathan C., James A. Larson, Roland K. Roberts, Dayton M. Lambert, Burton C. English, Sherry L. Larkin, Michele C. Marra, Steven W. Martin, Kenneth W. Paxton, and Jeanne M. Reeves. "Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Portable Computers for Site-Specific Management: A Case Study for Cotton Production." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 42, no. 2 (May 2010): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800003400.
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Personal digital assistants (PDA) and handheld global positioning systems (GPS) have become increasingly important in cotton production but little is known about their use. This research analyzed the adoption of PDA/handheld GPS devices in cotton production. A younger farmer who used a computer in farm management and had a positive perception of Extension had a greater likelihood of adopting the devices. In addition, farmers who used complementary remote sensing, plant mapping, and grid soil sampling information were more likely to use PDA/handheld GPS devices. Finally, the COTMAN in-field decision support program from Extension also positively impacted adoption.
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ERKENCIOGLU, Bedriye N., Mustafa ZUHAL, Dilek TOKEL, and Ibrahim I. OZYIGIT. "Worldwide cotton production and trade during COVID-19 pandemic: An empirical analysis for a three-year observation." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 51, no. 4 (December 2, 2023): 13341. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413341.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant impact on agriculture. Due to its importance in world trade and human life, the effects of the pandemic on the cotton economy were evaluated by using the data of important organizations such as the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the World Trade Organization, and International Cotton Advisory Committee in this study. With the Chow test, which measures of structural breaks, the effects of COVID-19 on cotton production and trade were examined. According to the Chow test results, the pandemic had no significant effect on cotton production, exports and imports in the People’s Republic of China and Türkiye, while being highly influential on cotton production and exports in the U.S. and Brazil. Distinctively, in Pakistan, it had a significant impact on cotton production and import. It was observed that although the demand, trade and prices for cotton were descended, the cotton prices started to recover with the increase in demand in the third quarter of 2020. In June 2022, the highest peak in cotton prices was observed. As a conclusion, it is shown that cotton production and trade during the pandemic were affected in all countries except People’s Republic of China and Türkiye. However, the marks of the effects of factors such as decreasing stocks, uncertainties in national economies, high inflation and increase in production costs on the cotton economy will be better understood in the coming years.
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Liu, Jun Mei. "Practice and Production of Fractal Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.407.
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Fractal polyester has distorted gene of similar nature fiber that can produce nature distort by digital fractal enlargement. Fractal polyester/cotton blended yarn is made of nature cotton fiber and a little polyester filament with fractal structure by doubling and twisting machine. The fractal polyester/cotton blended fabric characterizes super nature fabric that the inner is fractal polyester filament with good shape retention, while the outside layer is cotton fiber. The study discussed spinning and weaving technology of fractal polyester/cotton blended fabric. The key technology of spinning is twisting process of cotton yarn and fractal polyester filament, which evenly adjusts two kinds of yarn tension. In order to stabilize the doubling yarn effect with "Dragon Chanzhu", yarn steaming technology is necessary, which steaming time are 40 minutes, steaming temperature is at 110°C-140 °C. Sizing and Weaving processes ensure fabric quality and productive efficiency. So choose "small tension, low elongation, good coating property, pressing yarn hairiness" as sizing process route process route, and choose "early shed timing, high back beam, large shed opening " as weaving process.
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Li, Chengmin, Haoyu Deng, Guoxin Yu, Rong Kong, and Jian Liu. "Impact Effects of Cooperative Participation on the Adoption Behavior of Green Production Technologies by Cotton Farmers and the Driving Mechanisms." Agriculture 14, no. 2 (January 28, 2024): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14020213.
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Nudging the adoption of agricultural green production technologies (AGPTs) by cotton farmers is a practical need to implement the national “green development” strategy. Based on the micro-survey data of 502 cotton farmers, this paper empirically analyzed the influence and driving mechanism of cotton farmers’ participation in cooperatives on their adoption of green production technology from the perspective of their inner cognition and external regulation by using the propensity score matching (PSM) model and the intermediary effect model. The study found that (1) the importance of agricultural green production technology to cotton farmers was in the order of soil testing and formula fertilization technology, green prevention and control technology, deep tillage technology, water-saving irrigation technology, new variety technology, and straw-returning technology. (2) Participation in cooperatives can significantly improve the adoption of agricultural green production technologies by cotton farmers, with an increase of about 27.16%, and the improvement effect on technology-intensive production links is pronounced. (3) By improving the inner cognition and external regulation of cotton farmers, cooperatives can enhance the green endogenous power of cotton farmers, improve environmental external constraints, and become an intermediary path to guide cotton farmers to adopt agricultural green production technology.
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Adeoti, Samuel, Adedamola Ajayi, and Moses Agunbiade. "Yield estimation and profitability of cotton production in Northern Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33495/jacr_v8i10.20.188.
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The study estimated the yield and profitability of cotton production in northern Nigeria. Primary data were used for the study using a well-structured questionnaire and experimental plots. Data were collected on the cost of inputs, price and quantity of output as well as constraints facing the enterprise. Crop cut experiment was used to estimate the yield per hectare during a given cultivation cycle. The budgetary technique was used to estimate cost and returns to cotton production and Likert scale was used to identify and rank the constraints facing the enterprise. Random Sampling was employed to select eleven cotton farmers from Anka, Maru and Talata-mafara Local Government Areas to have a sum of thirty-three respondents from which one respondent from each of the three local governments volunteered to host the experimental plot for the crop cut. These selections were done based on their prominence in cotton production. The average estimated quantity of the three plots located in the three local government gives an estimated value of 1183 kg/ha. The study showed that cotton production is profitable with a gross margin of ₦40 while the profit index and benefit-cost ratio were 0.12 and 1.13 respectively. Major constraints facing the production of cotton were insufficient funding, poor/unstable pricing, high cost of inputs, policy summersault, poor linkage with off-takers and pest and diseases. This study recommends that governments at all levels should provide loans with no or very low interest for the farmers to solve the problem of funds and put in place policy measures aimed at regulating the price of cotton to establish a good marketing system. There is a need for research institutes to develop more high yielding cotton seeds for cotton farmers to increase yield for more profit. Cotton farmers need to be introduced to new techniques and innovations for maximum output, hence a need for more extension services. Keywords: Cotton production, crop cut experiment, profitability.
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ZHANG, F. H., H. C. YANG, W. J. GALE, Z. B. CHENG, and J. H. YAN. "Temporal changes in soil organic carbon and aggregate-associated organic carbon after reclamation of abandoned, salinized farmland." Journal of Agricultural Science 155, no. 2 (July 13, 2016): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185961600023x.
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SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted to quantify changes in soil aggregation and aggregate-associated soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration 1, 3, 5 and 10 years after abandoned, salinized land in the Manasi River Basin was reclaimed for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Results showed that reclamation significantly increased SOC concentrations and SOC stocks. Specifically, 10 years of cotton production increased SOC concentrations by 45% in the 0–60 cm depth and SOC stocks by 35%. The SOC concentrations and stocks decreased as soil depth increased. Reclamation time, season and soil depth had significant interaction effects on SOC. The SOC concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with available soil nitrogen and available soil phosphorus. Compared with abandoned farmland, macro-aggregate-associated (>250 µm) SOC concentrations in the 0–60 cm depth increased by 47% after 5 years of cotton production and by 53% after 10 years of cotton production. The contribution of macro-aggregate-associated SOC to total SOC in the 0–60 cm depth increased by 87% after 5 years of cotton production and by 69% after 10 years of cotton production. The findings indicate that soil aggregates were more stable after abandoned, salinized farmland was reclaimed for cotton production. Furthermore, cotton production can increase SOC concentrations and sequester C in this arid area.
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Norsworthy, Jason K., Brandon W. Schrage, Tom L. Barber, and Lauren M. Schwartz. "Emergence Date Influences Growth and Fecundity of Palmer Amaranth in Cotton." Journal of Cotton Science 20, no. 3 (2016): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/qgaq7053.
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Research was conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Fayetteville, AR to evaluate the impact of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.) emergence date on plant biomass, height, and seed production as well as the corresponding influence on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) biomass and yield. Palmer amaranth was evaluated in the presence and absence of cotton and when emergence was delayed in cotton (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wk). Seed production per plant was reduced by a greater extent in the presence of cotton, compared to the absence of cotton. Palmer amaranth plants emerging 10 wk after cotton were able to produce on average 880 seed per plant, which is a sufficient amount to replenish a soil seedbank. The late-emerging plants competing with cotton were smaller in size than earlier emerging plants. Seed production in the presence of cotton was correlated with Palmer amaranth biomass production (r2 = 0.63). Furthermore, the later-emerging cohorts responded to the presence of cotton by producing less biomass more so than a reduction in plant height with delayed emergence. This research shows that Palmer amaranth cohorts emerging as late as 10 wk after cotton emergence must be removed to prevent weed seed production.
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Thompson, Nathanael M., James A. Larson, Margarita Velandia, Dayton M. Lambert, and Burton C. English. "Variable-Rate Application on Fertilizer Use in Cotton Production." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 10 (September 15, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n10p40.
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Precision agriculture technologies are increasingly important in cotton production because input prices continue to rise. Farmers increase input efficiency using precision agriculture technologies by adjusting inputs to match soil fertility and plant nutrition requirements. This research examines the factors affecting changes in fertilizer use following variable-rate fertilizer application in cotton production. Data from a 2009 survey of cotton producers in 12 states of the United States were used in the analysis. Farmers who used precision soil sampling, planted larger cotton area, relied on other farmers for information about PA, grew picker cotton, and had higher household income were more likely to decrease fertilizer application with VRT. Results from this analysis are useful to farmers and policy makers interested in reducing fertilizer use in the face of rising fertilizer prices and growing concerns about the environmental impacts of farming.
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Bhutto, Noor Nabi, Absar Mithal Jiskani, and Ghulam Mustafa Nizamani. "Better Cotton: An Approach to Sustainable Agriculture." Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i1.35.
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Cotton is the largest industrial sector in Pakistan. However, due to bad traditional practices and use of high amount pesticides, the whole industry lost about 10-15% of cotton. For reasons of socioeconomic and environmental harm, the Better Cotton Initiative (BCI) launched "Better Cotton" in Pakistan. Better cotton production is a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional cotton due to its efficient resource utilization and lower environmental externalities. CABI encourages farmers to implement better cotton production principles and criteria, use better cotton standard system and good agricultural practices (GAP), and provide participatory training for small, medium and large-sized farmers and farm workers in their "learning groups" and medium-sized farmers' fields. The aim of this short communication article is to put together a concise review of Better Cotton production. In this short communication we briefly present the history, importance, aim, distribution and principles of Better Cotton Initiative.
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Ahmed, Ahmed Kalil, and Jasim Mohammed Aziz. "Effect of Cotton and Soybean Intercropping on the Production Indicators of the Two Crops." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1158, no. 6 (April 1, 2023): 062011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1158/6/062011.
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Abstract The results of the competitive indicators between cotton and soybean showed that the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) for soybean crop (Lb) was greater than that of cotton (La) in the distance of 10 cm and for all IS’S as well as the planting distances of 15, 20 and 25 cm at the IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean. While planting at a distance of 15, 20, and 25 cm, when IS (1: 1) and (1: 2) cotton: soybean, LER for cotton (La) was greater than for soybean (Lb). It also gave Crop Performance Ratio (CPR) for cotton higher than soybean when planting at a distance of 15, 20 and 25 cm in all IS’S, as well as when planting at a distance of 10 cm when IS’S were (1: 2) and (2: 2) cotton: soybeans. The values of Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC) were higher for the soybean than for cotton under IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean when planting at a distance of 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm, while the Land Equivalent Coefficient (LEC) values gave yield advantage in IS of 2 cotton: 2 soybeans, for all planted distances, and it ranged between, 0.25-0.33. The values of the Competition Ratio (CR) for cotton were higher than one in the IS of 2 cotton: 2 soybean at all planting distances. While the values of (CR) were greater than one for soybean at the IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean and for all planting distances. The aggressivity (A) for cotton was positive in the IS of 2 cotton: 2 soybean and negative for the IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean at all planting distances.
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Soomro, Abdul Wahab, Abdullah Keerio, and Shah Nawaz Khuhro. "An Overview of factors affecting on cotton production." International Journal of Cotton Research and Technology 2, no. 1 (October 7, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/ijcrt.002.01.0341.
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Cotton is well prominent as “white gold” an important cash and precious crop in overall cotton growing development counties. The yield of this crop is depending upon the environment in which it is grown and management practices of the cropping system. It is noted after review of various publications of scientists that several factors are responsible which affecting cotton production, selection of cultivar should be according to environment in which it is grown, soil preparation, seed rate, plant spacing, sowing/planting dates and timely irrigation are the important factors which effect on yield. Whereas, nutrients management and crop protections are the key factors which directly affecting the plant growth and development ultimately directly responsible for decreasing yield. Along with these factors modern technology and farmer’s education play a vital role for producing quality cotton production and management of farms. Therefore, suggested that farmers should apply better management practices and follow proper time management as per practices and apply timely appropriate inputs for crop growth and development and crop protection measures for sustainable cotton production.
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Delhom, Christopher D., Matthew O. Indest, John D. Wanjura, Carlos B. Armijo, Randal K. Boman, William B. Faulkner, Gregory A. Holt, and Mathew G. Pelletier. "Effects of harvesting and ginning practices on Southern High Plains cotton: textile quality." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 5-6 (August 28, 2019): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519871942.
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The impact of the harvesting method, as well as the ginning method (saw or high-speed roller ginning), on textile quality was studied over three years of cotton production in the Southern High Plains. The Southern High Plains region is the largest cotton production area of the USA. The Southern High Plains and the Texas Gulf Coast are the only areas of the USA where brush-roll stripper harvesting is common, alongside traditional spindle picker machine harvesting. Different harvesting methods lead to differences in micronaire, maturity, length distribution, color and non-lint content within the bale. Ginning differences were primarily found to be length and length distribution related. Lint was processed into rotor-spun, carded ring-spun and combed ring-spun medium count yarns to determine the impacts of harvesting and ginning methods on textile product quality. Rotor spinning produced comparable quality yarns regardless of harvest or ginning method, while carded ring-spun yarns showed statistical differences in quality, with spindle-picked cottons having greater uniformity and higher tenacity. Combing was able to eliminate any functional differences in quality due to the pre-mill handling of the cottons at the expense of increased noil levels for stripper-harvested cottons. There were no differences in ends-down during ring spinning, regardless of harvest and ginning method, although cottons produced with high-speed roller ginning were able to be spun at higher spindle speeds, which equates to higher production speeds.
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Zakirova, Aksana, Henryk Alff, and Matthias Schmidt. "Is the New Path a Modified Old Path?" Central Asian Affairs 10, no. 2023 (December 28, 2023): 213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22142290-bja10038.
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Abstract This article reviews the Soviet legacy in relation to contemporary cotton production in south-western Tajikistan and asks why farmers are still locked in to Soviet cotton production policies and practices despite post-Soviet regulatory, societal and environmental changes. With hindsight on Soviet agricultural production policies in Central Asia, this contribution scrutinises the perception of smallholder dehkhan farmers towards continued cotton production as a primary crop choice, which continues to occupy most of the irrigated land in the Khatlon region. For the analyses of the post-Soviet agricultural developments, the paper applies a path dependence conceptual framework by positing the significance of historical and social contexts in policymaking and socio-economic development in cotton production. Fieldwork data collected in two districts of Khatlon region are used to explain that despite post-independence land reforms and the abolishment of Soviet authority over cotton production, smallholder dehkhan farmers are still cultivating cotton as a primary crop under deteriorating land and irrigation conditions.
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Bourgou, Larbouga, Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga, Sidiki K. Diane, and Denys Sanfo. "Evaluation et sélection d’une variété de cotonnier (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) au Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 3 (June 18, 2020): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.18.
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Le coton du Burkina Faso est presqu’entièrement exporté ; les variétés cultivées doivent régulièrement répondre aux exigences du marché. Une fratrie de lignées de cotonnier a été comparée à deux variétés, FK37 et Stam 59A, respectivement dans les zones cotonnières humides et sèches de 2006 à 2009, pour mettre en exergue celle qui améliore les performances agronomiques et technologiques de fibre de ces témoins. A l’issue d’évaluations multilocales, FK64 et FK69 ont été identifiées comme de potentielles nouvelles variétés et testées en milieu paysan. Dans les zones humides, FK64 et FK69 n’ont pas apporté d’amélioration significative ; il est inopportun de les y vulgariser. Dans les zones sèches, FK64 a le mieux performé et a été retenue pour y être vulgarisée. Elle apporte un surplus en pourcentage fibre (+ 0,41%) et en seed index (+ 0,35 g). Aussi, elle apparait meilleure que Stam 59A pour la longueur (+ 1,44 mm) et la ténacité (+ 1,90 g/tex), deux caractéristiques déterminantes du marketing de la fibre. Avec la suspension du coton Bt et le retour à la culture conventionnelle, FK64 lancée en culture commerciale a convaincu. Elle pourrait être candidate à la transformation en cas de retour dans la technologie Bt.Mots clés: Evaluations multilocales, tests variétaux, caractéristiques agronomiques, caractéristiques technologiques, Burkina Faso.
English Title: Assessment and selection of a cultivar of cotton (FK64, Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Burkina Faso
Cotton produced in Burkina Faso is almost entirely exported; so cultivars must be developed following the market demand. A sibling of cotton lines was compared to two varieties, FK37 and Stam 59A, respectively in humid and dry cotton production areas between 2006 and 2009 to highlight which one enhances agronomic and fiber quality performances compared to the local control. After multilocation trials, FK64 and FK69 were highlighted as promising news varieties then evaluated under farmer’s conditions of production. In the humid areas, FK64 as well as FK69 did not bring any significant improvement; it was not recommended to release any of them there. In the dry production areas, FK64 performed better, then it was retained to be possibly popularized. It brings a surplus in terms of ginning out turn (+ 0,41%) and seed index (+ 0,35 g). Moreover, it outperformed Stam 59A in fiber length (+ 1,44 mm) and strength (+ 1,90 g/tex), two major cotton fiber marketing properties. At the morrow of the suspension of the Bt cotton and back to conventional production, FK64 was launched in commercial production and it convinced. It could be aspirant to Bt introgression in case country resumes back to the technology.Keywords: multilocation trials, varietal trials, agronomical characteristics, fiber properties, Burkina Faso.