To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cotton industry.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cotton industry'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Cotton industry.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hollows, Judith Mary. "The cotton spinning industry within East Asian Business systems : firm development in Japan, South Korea, and Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17491460.
Full text
2
Hollows, Judith Mary. "The cotton spinning industry within East Asian Business systems: firm development in Japan, South Korea, andHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29900852.
Full text
3
Saffell, Cameron Lee. "Common roots of a new industry the introduction and expansion of cotton farming in the American West /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
Find full text
4
Singleton, J. "Homage to Lancashire : The cotton industry, 1945-65." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379770.
Full text
5
Nishida, Judith Mary. "Japanese influence on the Shanghainese textile industry and implications for Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209403.
Full text
6
Macnaughtan, Helen Joy. "Female labour in Japan's cotton textile industry, 1955-1975." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271234.
Full text
7
Banu, Salma. "Performance of Cotton Textile industry in Bangladesh:an inter sectional survey." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/310.
Full text
8
Fassihi, Ali Akbar. "The further development, optimisation and application of a Yarn Dismantler." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1016066.
Full textAbstract:
The fibre properties of cotton, which vary widely according to genetic and environmental conditions, determine its price and textile processing performance and product quality. It is therefore hardly surprising that cotton fibre properties are routinely measured for trading and quality control purposes, with a great deal of research having been, and still being, devoted towards developing instruments which enable the various fibre properties to be measured rapidly and accurately. In many cases, it is also necessary to be able to measure properties of cotton fibres when they have already been converted into yarn and fabric form. To do so, the yarn has to be dismantled into its component fibres, preferably without significantly changing the fibre properties. This could only be done by manually untwisting the yarn and carefully extracting the fibres from the untwisted yarn, care being taken not to break or lose any fibres in the process. This is a time consuming, laborious and labour intensive process. In view of this, a „yarn dismantler‟ which could automatically, cost effectively and within acceptable time frames, dismantle a cotton yarn into its constituent fibres, without undue damage or changes to the fibres, was developed and patented. This thesis reports the results of research undertaken to further develop, evaluate and optimize the yarn dismantler into the final prototype, as well as those relating to its practical applications, including tracking changes in fibre properties during miniature and pilot scale processing, up to, and including the yarn stage. Initial research undertaken on the original bench and first prototype models indicated that, although they produced very promising results, certain improvements and modifications were necessary, if the dismantler was to perform in an efficient and operator friendly manner at the required speeds. These included changes in the axial position of the untwisting spindle and the perforated screen of the suction drum, increasing the air suction at the perforated drum, installing a new motor for the untwisting spindle drive, separating the drives to the different parts of the unit in order to control them independently, integrating a more effective steaming unit into the unit etc. It was found that the dismantling rate had to be set to equal about 95 percent of the original twist in the yarn, and that steaming of the dismantled (untwisted) yarn on the perforated drum was necessary in order to eliminate any twist liveliness (residual torque) in the dismantled yarn, and enable it to be handled and tested on the AFIS instrument. When the final prototype Yarn Dismantler was produced, incorporating all the above mentioned improvements, it functioned very well at dismantling speeds of at least 2m/min, enabling the length of yarn required for subsequent AFIS testing to be dismantled within an acceptable time of less than 10 minutes, with excellent reproducibility and repeatability of results, also under commercial conditions. It was found that the AFIS measured length characteristics of fibres from the instrument dismantled yarns compared very well with those of fibres from manually dismantled yarns, differences in fibre length generally being less than 1mm, and it was concluded from these and other evaluation tests, that the yarn dismantler produced fibres without any significant fibre breakage. Some limited tests, carried out on commercially produced carded and combed yarns, indicated that short fibre content and dust and trash levels, as measured by the AFIS on fibres from dismantled yarn, together with the corresponding Uster Statistics, could enable a carded cotton yarn to be distinguished from a combed cotton yarn. Statistical analysis of fibre test results obtained at the different stages during miniature and pilot plant scale processing of various cottons, clearly showed that very significant changes in fibre properties could be caused by certain of the processes. For example, significant fibre breakage occurred during the drafting on the spinning frame, prior to twist insertion. The thesis provides detailed results of changes in various fibre properties, including length, short fibre content, maturity, immature fibre content, seed coat neps and fibrous neps, which occurred from the lint to the final yarn, as well as on the relationship between the properties of the fibres from the dismantled yarn and those from the lint. The results obtained have clearly demonstrated the practical value of the yarn dismantler in enabling yarns to be automatically dismantled into their constituent fibres, which can then be tested by an instrument, such as the AFIS, and the test results related to those of the original lint fibres, thereby opening up many fields of research and practical applications, some of which are captured under „Recommended Further Work‟.
9
Kilgore, Deborah Katheryn Turner Elizabeth Hayes. "Interweaving history the Texas textile mill and McKinney, Texas, 1903-1968 /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12138.
Full text
10
Bhadra, Sidhartha. "Status of the cotton textile industry in Birbhum, Burdwan and Hooglly districts of Burdwan division during 1757-1857: a critical overview." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2015. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1524.
Full text
11
Mukherjee, Debashre. "Cotton weaving industry of nadia 1773-1977 : a case study of santipur and phulia." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1568.
Full text
12
Launert, Frederika. "The role of design in the Lancashire cotton industry, 1900-1939." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19297/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is concerned with the influence of the merchant converter on design practice in the Lancashire cotton industry in the period 1900-1939. The thesis aims to supplement the existing design histories of the industry by focusing, firstly, upon the role of design in the context of the industrial and commercial organisation of the industry, and secondly, by examining the practice of design in relation to the export trade in cotton goods. The Lancashire cotton industry had a unique structure that facilitated the production of a wide variety of cotton piece goods that serviced the needs of consumers in markets across the globe. Despite the enormous decline of the inter-war years, in which the major markets of China and India were dramatically reduced, the industry was able to maintain a significant export trade in cotton piece goods. The successful sale of these goods depended in part upon the successful interpretation of consumer preferences by their designers. Lancashire employed a large number of designers who worked either in the employ of manufacturers or on a freelance basis. The thesis examines the different categories of designer who supplied designs to the Lancashire industry, including their education and working practices. It also investigates the relationship between the designer and the agents who employed them. Lancashire's ability to respond appropriately to consumer demands played a significant part in establishing and maintaining exports to markets such as West Africa. A case study of the West African market illustrates the mechanisms that made this response possible. It also emphasises the importance of established merchant organisations that provided the links between consumer, manufacturer and designer. The case study underlines the key relationship between the communication of market information and the production of commercially successful designs. The thesis also addresses the issue of government intervention into an industry that was faced with increasing economic hardship as a result of the loss of markets worldwide. Design was not at the forefront of government policy in respect to the Lancashire cotton industry. Nonetheless, design issues were increasingly associated with government attempts to improve the trade in manufactured goods during the inter-war period, and this is particularly evident in the activities of the Board of Trade. The thesis evaluates the activities of two government organisations, the Council for Art and Industry and the Department of Overseas Trade, their reception by merchants and manufacturers of the day, and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the contribution they made to the industry.
13
Thompson, Holland. "From the cotton field to the cotton mill a study of the industrial transition in North Carolina /." [Chapel Hill, N.C.] : Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2001. http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/thompson/menu.html.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University.Title from electronic title page (viewed Aug. 26, 2002). This electronic edition is part of the UNC-CH digitization project's database, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection The North Carolina experience, beginnings to 1940. Text scanned (OCR) by Apex Data Services, Inc. Images scanned by Tammy Evans. Text encoded by Apex Data Services, Inc., Melissa Meeks and Natalia Smith. Includes bibliographical references.
14
Toms, John Steven. "The finance and growth of the Lancashire cotton textile industry, 1870-1914." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11029/.
Full textAbstract:
Using accounting records and financial data, a business history of the Lancashire textile industry from 1870 to 1914 is presented. Issues of technology and industry structure, which have attracted a great deal of comment are first re-addressed. The discussion is then widened to include other aspects of the industry which have previously been neglected, namely the social processes of capital accumulation with reference to those evolving relationships between managers and shareholders which, in the context of broader economic change, helped forge the special characteristics of Lancashire capitalism. The industry is found to be generally healthy and competitive, although its fortunes were dangerously dependent on the overseas value of the pound. Whilst the original technologies of the industrial revolution were maturing, the alternative twentieth century means of automated throughput had still not been developed. External economies and flexibility associated with vertical specialisation thus continued to outweigh those of integrated throughput production. Meanwhile a transformation of the industry occurred in terms of its ownership, as the previously influential small shareholder was forced to surrender influence to a rising class of promotional and financial capitalists, a trend accentuated by, inter alia, a very serious stock exchange crash in the 1890s which forced many to sell their holdings. A shift of industry value added from labour to capital and record profits after 1900 are identified. These attracted capital into cotton and reinforced the position of the newer owners of the industry. Important features of their behaviour are examined, primarily their ability to construct impressive business empires through personal shareholdings and interference in day to day management, and their corresponding reluctance to establish professional management hierarchies, which, although increasingly common in other industries, were compromised by preference for individual, and not corporate, accumulation. Characterised as they were by their easy access to financial resources, these new capitalists might well have made sweeping changes to industry structure and technology had they chosen to do so. However, although ring spinning was found to be in general more profitable, the basis of that superiority was an extension of the process of increased specialisation. All specialised companies, whether ring spinners, mule spinners, or weavers, tended to do much better than their vertically integrated counterparts in the period after 1900. Evidence from this period has implications for our understanding of subsequent developments. If the industry could have been restructured before 1914, then so it could have been after the First World War when it arguably became more necessary. Pre 1914 technical constraints are identified and it is also noted that it was in the inter-war period that the means to remove them were fully developed. However, considering technical issues in conjunction with characteristics of capital ownership, it is concluded that, as the industry failed to attract investment when profit signals turned negative, for example in the 1890s, and attracted a lot of capital in the booms of the early 1900s, any constraint did exist to prevent restructuring it was financial rather than organisational. The process and character of capital accumulation is therefore advanced as a crucial ingredient of our understanding of business history. In short, the established financial, technical, and organisational structure, when combined with buoyant overseas monetary and trading conditions, is found to have created the synthesis of a profitable industry; when external conditions changed, financial, technical, and organisational constraints became important but in that strict and steeply descending order. Lancashire was highly vulnerable to the world market; that vulnerability was accentuated by the way in which capital was created. It was the social process of capital accumulation which was the principal determinant of the development, and perhaps therefore ultimately the decline, of a once great industry.
15
Spånning, Anna C. "Towards institutional stabilization and development? a study of inter-organizational cooperation in the Tajik cotton industry /." Karlstad : Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Political Science, Karlstads universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4892.
Full text
16
Gum, Russell L., and William E. Martin. "Economic Impacts of Biotechnical Innovations in the U.S. and Arizona Dairy and Cotton Industries." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/310801.
Full text
17
Mackrell, Dale Carolyn, and n/a. "Women as Farm Partners: Agricultural Decision Support Systems in the Australian Cotton Industry." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070305.131533.
Full textAbstract:
Australian farmers are supplementing traditional practices with innovative strategies in an effort to survive recent economic, environmental, and social crises in the rural sector. These innovative strategies include moving towards a technology-based farm management style. A review of past literature determines that, despite a growing awareness of the usefulness of computers for farm management, there is concern over the limited demand for computer-based agricultural decision support systems (DSS). Recent literature indicates that women are the dominant users of computers on family farms yet are hesitant to use computers for decision support, and it is also unclear what decision-making roles women assume on family farms. While past research has investigated the roles of women in the Australian rural sector, there is a dearth of research into the interaction of women cotton growers with computers. Therefore, this dissertation is an ontological study and aims to contribute to scholarly knowledge in the research domain of Australian women cotton growers, agricultural DSS, and cotton farm management. This dissertation belongs in the Information Systems (IS) stream and describes an interpretive single case study which explores the lives of Australian women cotton growers on family farms and the association of an agricultural DSS with their farm management roles. Data collection was predominantly through semi-structured interviews with women cotton growers and cotton industry professionals such as DSS developers, rural extension officers, researchers and educators, rural experimental scientists, and agronomists and consultants, all of whom advise cotton growers. The study was informed by multiple sociological theories with opposing paradigmatic assumptions: Giddens' (1984) structuration theory as a metatheory to explore the recursiveness of farm life and technology usage; Rogers' (1995) diffusion of innovations theory with a functionalist approach to objectively examine the features of the software and user, as well as the processes of technology adoption; and Connell's (2002) theory of gender relations with its radical humanist perspective to subjectively investigate the relationships between farm partners through critical enquiry. The study was enriched further by drawing on other writings of these authors (Connell 1987; Giddens 2001; Rogers 2003) as well as complementary theories by authors (Orlikowski 1992; Orlikowski 2000; Trauth 2002; Vanclay & Lawrence 1995). These theories in combination have not been used before, which is a theoretical contribution of the study. The agricultural DSS for the study was CottonLOGIC, an advanced farm management tool to aid the management of cotton production. It was developed in the late 1990s by the CSIRO and the Australian Cotton Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), with support from the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC). CottonLOGIC is a software package of decision support and record-keeping modules to assist cotton growers and their advisors in the management of cotton pests, soil nutrition, and farm operations. It enables the recording and reporting of crop inputs and yields, insect populations (heliothis, tipworm, mirids and so on), weather data, and field operations such as fertiliser and pesticide applications, as well as the running of insect density prediction (heliothis and mites) and soil nutrition models. The study found that innovative practices and sustainable solutions are an imperative in cotton farm management for generating an improved triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social outcomes. CottonLOGIC is an industry benchmark for supporting these values through the incorporation of Best Management Practices (BMP) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, although there were indications that the software is in need of restructuring as could be expected of software over five years old. The evidence from the study was that women growers are participants in strategic farm decisions but less so in operational decisions, partly due to their lack of relevant agronomic knowledge. This hindered their use of CottonLOGIC, despite creative attempts to modify it. The study endorsed the existence of gender differences and inequalities in rural Australia. Nevertheless, the study also found that the women are valued for their roles as business partners in the multidisciplinary nature of farm management. All the same, there was evidence that greater collaboration and cooperation by farm partners and advisors would improve business outcomes. On the whole, however, women cotton growers are not passive agents but take responsibility for their own futures. In particular, DSS tools such as CottonLOGIC are instrumental in enabling women cotton growers to adapt to, challenge, and influence farm management practices in the family farm enterprise, just as CottonLOGIC is itself shaped and reshaped. Hence, a practical contribution of this study is to provide non-prescriptive guidelines for the improved adoption of agricultural DSS, particularly by rural women, as well as increasing awareness of the worth of their roles as family farm business partners.
18
Choi, Eugene K. "Technological choices in the rise of the Meiji cotton-spinning industry c1870-1900." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597634.
Full textAbstract:
The central theme of this thesis is the technological choices and the subsequent extraordinary growth of the cotton-spinning industry of Meiji Japan (1868-1912). The mechanisation of modern cotton manufacture relied upon British textile technologies throughout the whole Meiji period. Japan’s technological choices and collective switches to a unified standard resulted in explosive industrial progress during the last decade of the 19th century. The cotton-spinning sector grew to be the first fully and so swiftly mechanised industry. My research examines how, why, and by whom the technological choices of this industry were made. Japan was not close to the centre of industrialisations such as Britain but was a virtually alien civilisation concerning the western ideologies, science, and technologies. Every technological choice demanded new knowledge, every technological transfer necessitated westernisation, and every technological adoption required exotic western systems of manufactures. Deep disparities, in ideas, cultures, and techniques had to be addressed. The backbreaking effort and learning-by-doing practice of the Meiji entrepreneurs and engineers in the early phase of industrial mechanisation have been downplayed in many reviews of the past; instead, a number of quantitative analyses of cost savings and productivity growth before and after the mechanisation have been elaborated, justifying the ‘ideal’ technological choices, emphasising the distinct linkage between ring spinning technology and cheap local female labour. Concerning the practices of technological choices, the context was either omitted or simplified. But was it so straightforward? My examination of the vital drive of the technological choices and the sequential leap will question the past theories of the industrial history, single-mindedly focused upon economic rationalities in productivity growth. My thesis will put more stress upon the unique industrial culture, shaped by a few charismatic figures of the industry.
19
Munoni, Chiluba Mercy. "Cotton textile industry in Zambia: The economic viability of revamping Mulungushi Textiles Limited." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25081.
Full textAbstract:
The agriculture and manufacturing sectors have been identified and prioritized by the Zambian government as sectors that could contribute significantly to poverty reduction through industrialization and creation of employment. The cotton textile industry is one such industry that cuts across the two sectors. This research paper focuses on the cotton textile industry in Zambia, with specific emphasis on Mulungushi Textiles Limited that was reopened by the Republican President, His Excellency, Mr. Edgar Chagwa Lungu in August 2016 after having been closed for about a decade. To this end, the main objective of the research paper is to analyze the economic viability of revamping Mulungushi Textiles Limited by focusing on determinants of viability which included; production cost, government policies and strategies, and institutional arrangements, among others. The study analyzes mainly qualitatively both primary and secondary data. Primary data was principally sourced through interviews and observations, while secondary data was through online and physical sources such as books, reports and other written publications. From the research findings, Mulungushi Textiles Limited factory machinery is obsolete and dilapidated to fully operationalize the business strategic units of ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing, garment production and cooking oil processing. The study recommends that the factory should undergo a complete overhaul in the long run and in the short run, resume garment production which was identified to be a low hanging fruit. The study concludes that, with the right investment, policies, strategies and concerted efforts from both the public and private sectors, revamping Mulungushi Textiles Limited is economically viable and has great potential to contribute to the government's efforts in promoting inclusive growth through poverty reduction, particularly in rural areas where poverty is mostly prevalent.
20
Mackrell, Dale Carolyn. "Women as Farm Partners: Agricultural Decision Support Systems in the Australian Cotton Industry." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365290.
Full textAbstract:
Australian farmers are supplementing traditional practices with innovative strategies in an effort to survive recent economic, environmental, and social crises in the rural sector. These innovative strategies include moving towards a technology-based farm management style. A review of past literature determines that, despite a growing awareness of the usefulness of computers for farm management, there is concern over the limited demand for computer-based agricultural decision support systems (DSS). Recent literature indicates that women are the dominant users of computers on family farms yet are hesitant to use computers for decision support, and it is also unclear what decision-making roles women assume on family farms. While past research has investigated the roles of women in the Australian rural sector, there is a dearth of research into the interaction of women cotton growers with computers. Therefore, this dissertation is an ontological study and aims to contribute to scholarly knowledge in the research domain of Australian women cotton growers, agricultural DSS, and cotton farm management. This dissertation belongs in the Information Systems (IS) stream and describes an interpretive single case study which explores the lives of Australian women cotton growers on family farms and the association of an agricultural DSS with their farm management roles. Data collection was predominantly through semi-structured interviews with women cotton growers and cotton industry professionals such as DSS developers, rural extension officers, researchers and educators, rural experimental scientists, and agronomists and consultants, all of whom advise cotton growers. The study was informed by multiple sociological theories with opposing paradigmatic assumptions: Giddens' (1984) structuration theory as a metatheory to explore the recursiveness of farm life and technology usage; Rogers' (1995) diffusion of innovations theory with a functionalist approach to objectively examine the features of the software and user, as well as the processes of technology adoption; and Connell's (2002) theory of gender relations with its radical humanist perspective to subjectively investigate the relationships between farm partners through critical enquiry. The study was enriched further by drawing on other writings of these authors (Connell 1987; Giddens 2001; Rogers 2003) as well as complementary theories by authors (Orlikowski 1992; Orlikowski 2000; Trauth 2002; Vanclay & Lawrence 1995). These theories in combination have not been used before, which is a theoretical contribution of the study. The agricultural DSS for the study was CottonLOGIC, an advanced farm management tool to aid the management of cotton production. It was developed in the late 1990s by the CSIRO and the Australian Cotton Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), with support from the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC). CottonLOGIC is a software package of decision support and record-keeping modules to assist cotton growers and their advisors in the management of cotton pests, soil nutrition, and farm operations. It enables the recording and reporting of crop inputs and yields, insect populations (heliothis, tipworm, mirids and so on), weather data, and field operations such as fertiliser and pesticide applications, as well as the running of insect density prediction (heliothis and mites) and soil nutrition models. The study found that innovative practices and sustainable solutions are an imperative in cotton farm management for generating an improved triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social outcomes. CottonLOGIC is an industry benchmark for supporting these values through the incorporation of Best Management Practices (BMP) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, although there were indications that the software is in need of restructuring as could be expected of software over five years old. The evidence from the study was that women growers are participants in strategic farm decisions but less so in operational decisions, partly due to their lack of relevant agronomic knowledge. This hindered their use of CottonLOGIC, despite creative attempts to modify it. The study endorsed the existence of gender differences and inequalities in rural Australia. Nevertheless, the study also found that the women are valued for their roles as business partners in the multidisciplinary nature of farm management. All the same, there was evidence that greater collaboration and cooperation by farm partners and advisors would improve business outcomes. On the whole, however, women cotton growers are not passive agents but take responsibility for their own futures. In particular, DSS tools such as CottonLOGIC are instrumental in enabling women cotton growers to adapt to, challenge, and influence farm management practices in the family farm enterprise, just as CottonLOGIC is itself shaped and reshaped. Hence, a practical contribution of this study is to provide non-prescriptive guidelines for the improved adoption of agricultural DSS, particularly by rural women, as well as increasing awareness of the worth of their roles as family farm business partners.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
21
Fleischman, Richard K. "Conditions of life among the cotton workers of southeastern Lancashire, 1780-1850." New York : Garland Pub, 1985. http://books.google.com/books?id=KXcyAAAAMAAJ.
Full text
22
Bel, Patricia Damian. "Cotton quality - fibre to fabric: fibre properties relationships to fabric quality." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003193/.
Full textAbstract:
[Abstract]: The textile industry has a recurrent white speck nep problem in cotton. “White specks” are immature clusters of fibres that are not visible as defects until dyeing, after which they remain white on the surface of a darkly dyed fabric, or appear as non uniform streaks in the fabric. Both results render the fabric unsuitable for commercial fashion fabrics. The white speck potential of cotton is difficult to predict except in extremely immature cottons. Competitive synthetic fibres are uniform in length and strength and never have a maturity problem resulting in dye defects. They are much more predictable in the mill. As a result, cotton faces the risk of being replaced by synthetic fibres. Industry requires a method to predict fabric quality from cotton bale fibre properties to minimize this risk. This research addresses the problem of predicting white specks in dyed cotton fabrics. It is part of a large study, which is supported jointly by US and Australian agencies. The main objective is to predict fabric quality from bale fibre properties given controlled gin and mill processing. Gin and mill processing must be controlled so that field and varietal effects can be seen without the interaction of mechanical processing differences. This results in achieving other objectives, including the provision of baseline data for Australian varieties, ginning effects and comparison of ring and open-end spinning. Initially a reliable method for measuring white specks had to be found. Several systems have been evaluated and are reported here. The systems accuracy was compared using fabrics from the US Extreme Variety Study (EVS), which was grown specifically to have different levels of white specks. The fabrics made from the US (Leading Variety Study 1993 (LVS) and The American Textile Manufacturers Institute (ATMI) Cotton Variety Processing Trials, 2001) and the Australian (1998 & 1999) variety studies were analysed using AutoRate-2-03, the best of the image analysis systems studied. The final release of AutoRate (February 2003) was developed by Dr. Bugao Xu to measure white specks on dark fabrics in conjunction with this research. This final analysis of these studies results in white speck prediction equations from high-speed fibre measurement systems. This information should be immediately useful to as a tool to measure the effects of field and ginning practices on the levels of white specks without having to carry the research out to finished fabrics. Cotton breeders will be able to use the equations in the development of new varieties with low white speck potential, by eliminating varieties with high white speck potential early on. The research will continue on a much larger scale in the US and hopefully a WSP (White Speck Potential) value will be incorporated into the US Cotton Grading System.
23
Islam, M. R. "The choice of technique in cotton textiles and its impact on employment in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371974.
Full text
24
O'Neill, Cliona. "Combined anaerobic-aerobic treatment of a simulated textile effluent." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365088.
Full text
25
Kirkey, Stephanie Ann. "From the friendly city to the Seaway city, the impacts of deindustrialization and the St. Lawrence Seaway and power project on the Seaway Valley." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22332.pdf.
Full text
26
Spånning, Anna C. "Towards Institutional Stabilization and Development? : A Study of Inter-Organizational Cooperation in the Tajik Cotton Industry." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för politiska och historiska studier, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4892.
Full textAbstract:
Close to two decades after the break-up of the Soviet Union, there is still a marked difference in developmental paths, including institutional as well as economic development and performance among the states emerging from the ruins of the vast empire. Turning attention to the least successful post-Soviet region, Central Asia, and Tajikistan in particular, this thesis provides a contribution to the discussion of how to institutionalize social power and build the foundations for political community in post-colonial societies. It is argued here that increased institutional stability may be achieved through inter-organizational cooperation among main actors within an institutional setting. Through the dispersion of intra- and inter-organizational effects of cooperation beyond the action situations where they are produced, several goals may be achieved. These are increased predictability, transparency and durability in governance, a more equitable distribution of wealth, and (in relation to the kinship-foundation of Tajik society) the embracing of kin-divisions in society. The study examines how and why organizations decide to get involved in cooperative collective activities within the Tajik cotton industry, an industry infamous for its unscrupulous financing schemes to which local investors tie farmers; schemes lacking business ethics and the interconnection of the social and economic with political relations. The study, through an embedded case study of one project (the Farmers’ Ownership Model), also examines the institutional implications of inter-organizational collective activities. The study’s empirical base is a combination of data derived from literature, reports, reviews of official documents, as well as from interviews and an expert survey conducted among organizational representatives with expert knowledge on the Tajik cotton industry. The results suggest that it is possible to divide the forms of cooperation into three broad categories; business based cooperation, development and support-based cooperation and unilateral cooperative activity. The latter category contains interactions based on helping as well as on coercion. The motives for cooperating follow the same divisions, with profit and position-related motives dominating business-based cooperation. Development and support-based cooperation are primarily motivated by non-profit factors, such as community-(re)building and knowledge enhancement, as well as position-related motives. Within the group of unilateral interactions, the same divisions valid for business-based cooperation (unilateral cooperative activity based on coercion) and development and support-based cooperation (unilateral cooperative activity based on helping) are found. The actors approached for this study confirm that the institutional setting is “difficult” and that the social and political climate is not supportive of inter-organizational cooperative collective activities. Despite this, the actors agree that the time is right for cooperative efforts. The implications of inter-organizational cooperative collective activities within the frameworks of the examined Farmers’ Ownership Model project are many and important from a stabilizing perspective. Numerous strategic effects have been identified, among which is the creation of the first open farmer-owned joint stock company in the country, providing crop financing, high quality input, and technical assistance to the farmers in the northern Sugd region. This is the most tangible effect, as is legislative change related to the marketing of cotton. The learning and knowledge-creation effects as a result of inter-organizational interactions within the project are also substantial. Client as well as non-client farmers have, through the technical assistance provided through the project company, managed to improve awareness in terms of their legal status. In addition, the technical assistance component of the project has served to improve productivity and the quality of the cotton grown. Despite indications of attitudinal changes within the action situations examined, there is no clear-cut evidence of trust effects at the institutional level. The results of empirical examination of the Tajik cotton industry to a large extent support the central thesis of the study.
27
Pitcher, M. Anne. "A triad of interest : the Estado Novo, the Portuguese textile industry and Colonial cotton production under Salazar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253982.
Full text
28
Boyle, Kathleen Marie. "Organic Cotton Clothing: Is it Helping to Raise the Bottom?" University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1405433458.
Full text
29
Tate, Jonathan Graham. "Industry, technology and the political economy of empire : Lancashire industrialists and the cotton supply question, c.1850-1910." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228009.
Full textAbstract:
The role of nineteenth-century industrialists in British imperial expansion and governance has been debated for many years. Major recent interpretations, such as Peter Cain and Tony Hopkins's 'gentlemanly capitalism' and Gary Magee and Andrew Thompson's 'cultural economy', have conceived industrialists' involvement mostly in terms of promoting manufactured exports. Industrialists' reliance on imported raw materials has however been comparatively neglected. Using the case of study of raw cotton, nineteenth-century Britain's most valuable industrial commodity import, this thesis revises how we understand the contribution Lancashire industrialists made to the formation of imperial policy. Analysing examples from the formal and informal empire in India, Egypt, and sub-Saharan Africa, it shows that interactions between technology, business lobbying, and ideas of political economy fostered cotton-growing schemes. Fluctuations in the quantity and, significantly, the quality of cotton supplies fostered interest in reforming or creating new supply chains, promoting the formation of business associations, pre-eminently the Cotton Supply Association and the British Cotton Growing Association. These associations lobbied governments to make supply chains more suited to Lancashire technological systems, and led to the promotion of standardised cotton types through the export of European knowledge and skills, the erection of processing machinery and transportation systems, and the regulation of colonial labour. The main argument is that if the focus is shifted to supplies rather than markets, industrialists, directly and indirectly, were often important influences on imperial governance and overseas economic change. While fiscal and financial considerations often provided the framework for government-backed cotton-growing schemes, because cotton was a complex commodity officials had to implement industrialists' advice to create supply chains that would serve these ends. By providing fresh insights for understanding the relationship between supply chains, business mobilisation, and European imperialism, this thesis lays the foundations for further much-needed work on the 'supply-side' economics of global empires.
30
Hort, Per Bolin. "Work, family and the State : Child labour and the organization of production in the British cotton industry 1780-1920 /." Lund : Bromley : Lund university press ; Chartwell-Bratt, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35516679h.
Full text
31
Malouf, Christopher P., and n/a. "Evaluation of an airborne thermal scanner (8-12 µm) as an irrigation scheduling tool for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1996. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060829.143622.
Full textAbstract:
Water is Australia's most precious natural resource. The quality, quantity and
availability of this resource is the single factor most limiting agricultural development and
sustainability in this country.
Since the development of Australia's cotton industry in the 1960's, and the expanding
areas of irrigated crop, there has been an increasing demand placed on the limited water
resources of the country. Consequently, the cotton industry has been the target of protest from
conservation groups, residents of rural townships and others farmers engaged in competing
rural sectors. Therefore, cotton farmers need to develop best practice in terms of water use
efficiency. Not only does this make good ecological sense but also good economic sense.
Traditional methods of irrigation scheduling have proven to be subjective and haphazard.
Recently developed methods, while providing more quantitative techniques, do not give a
synoptic view of a field's or region's crop moisture status.
The main objective of this project was to evaluate an airborne thermal scanner (8-12 µm) as practical tool for monitoring the water requirements of an irrigated cotton crop. The
thermal scanner was mounted below a light aircraft and imagery was collected over Field 86 ,
Togo Station, north-west NSW during the summer of 1990/91. The field was divided into
nine treatments for the purpose of this project. Three irrigation regimes (early, normal and
late) with three repetitions were applied to the nine treatments.
A total of fourteen images were selected for analysis. These images were grouped into
sets of AM images, PM images as well as diurnal groupings which were interpreted for three
separate dates during the growing season. Ground based measurements of infrared crop
surface and soil temperature, soil moisture deficit, leaf area index (LAI) and the Crop Water
Stress Index (CWSI) were collected to calibrate the airborne imagery.
Imagery was in the first instance visually interpreted to determine what information
could be gained from this technique. Patterns on the imagery were related to diurnal
variations in soil and crop temperatures. This investigation revealed a number of soil related
phenomena inherent to the field which were influencing the airborne detected temperatures.
While this technique showed variability across the field, the interpretation was somewhat
subjective.
Temperature values were extracted from the imagery in order to conduct an analysis
of variance (ANOVA) between the airborne and ground measurements of infrared crop
surface temperature. In summary, this analysis did not show a strong relationship between the
airborne and ground based measurements. A number of contributing factors have been
proposed as the reason for this variation in the two datasets. Pearson's correlation analysis
was applied to the AM (r = 0.65) and PM (r = 0.32) groups of airborne and ground
temperatures.
Airborne derived calculations of the CWSI were compared to ground based
measurements for the AM group of flights. These derived values were only acceptable in
instances where the ANOVA results had shown them to approximate the ground based
measurements.
While airborne thermal imagery provides a useful tool for determining general
variations in temperatures across a field, there are many additional factors, the most dominant
being the thermal characteristics of the background soil, which influence the detected
temperatures. This technique does not provide the precise quantitative information required
to accurately determine across-field measurement of the CWSI.
32
Déri, Edit. "Challenges of Environmental and SocialResponsibility in the Fashion Industry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202004.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the thesis is to reveal and address macro-environmental sustainability problems in thefashion industry. A qualitative research approach was used to reach the purpose. Throughout the empirics, theexisting literature was studied, and two case studies were carried out. The one about Hennes and Mauritz isbased on secondary data by using its sustainability report, and in the other case, primary data were obtainedabout Ekovaruhuset, an ecological fashion company, through a face-to-face interview. It was found that thefashion industry has a significant environmental impact and often violates the fair labour practices throughout itssupply chain. The root causes of the unsustainable operation are the labour-intensity, water and chemicalintensity throughout the fashion supply chain, and the lack of political and legal regulations in the producingcountries. These problems can be addressed by careful sourcing, and higher control over the cotton growers,fabric mills and suppliers. In addition, using and developing eco-friendly raw materials, like organic cotton, andfabrics reduce the environmental impact. It can be concluded that there is much room for sustainabledevelopment in the fashion industry, but there are corporate social and environmental responsibility endeavoursfrom both small and big companies.
33
Kilgore, Deborah Katheryn. "Interweaving History: The Texas Textile Mill and McKinney, Texas, 1903-1968." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12138/.
Full textAbstract:
Texas textile mills comprise an untold part of the modern South. The bulk of Texas mills were built between 1890 and 1925, a compressed period of expansion in contrast to the longer developmental pattern of mills in the rest of the United States. This compression meant that Texas mill owners benefited from knowledge gained from mill expansion elsewhere, and owners ran their mills along the same lines as the dominant southeastern model. Owners veered from the established pattern when conditions warranted. This case study focuses on three mills in Texas that operated both independently and as a corporation for a total of sixty years. One mill in McKinney dominated the economy of a small town and serves as the primary focus of this paper. A second mill in Waco served a diversified economy in the center of the state; and the third mill, built in Dallas was concentrated in a major city in a highly competitive job market. All three of these mills will illuminate the single greatest difference between Texas mills and mills elsewhere, the composition of the labor force. Women did not dominate the mill labor force in Texas nor did children, except in limited cases, make-up a large portion of the workers. Today mill studies of southern mills have found only scattered textile factories with a preponderance of male employees, but in Texas this was the norm. This study demonstrates the unique features of McKinney's textile mill and its similarities to other mills in Texas and in the southeast.
34
Leadbeater, S. R. B. "The rise and fall of the Indian cotton-mill industry, 1900-1985 : The Swadheshi movement and its political legacy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234299.
Full text
35
Cawthorne, Pamela. "Amoebic capitalism as a form of accumulation : the case of the cotton knitwear industry in a South Indian town." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276113.
Full text
36
Vacheron, Simon. "Mobiliser l’industrie textile (laine et coton). L’État, les entrepreneurs et les ouvriers dans l’effort de guerre, 1914-1920." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040139.
Full textAbstract:
Au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale, les industries de la laine et du coton se retrouvent entraînées dans la mobilisation industrielle. L’intervention de l’État dans ces branches se révèle indispensable, et une nouvelle relation s’établit entre la puissance publique et les entreprises. La modification de la teinte de l’uniforme, sa large diffusion à près de huit millions d’appelés sur quatre ans et la perte des bassins industriels du Nord et de l’Est conduisent à la mise sous contrôle de l’État de presque toute l’industrie lainière, tandis que l’industrie cotonnière reste indépendante jusqu’en 1917. Cette relation s’étend jusque dans les importations de matières premières, avec une centralisation progressive qui exclut le commerce privé, mais associe négociants et industriels. En outre, la gestion de la main-d’œuvre constitue un défi quotidien pour les entreprises. Le besoin de travailleurs reste important, et les difficultés liées aux conditions de travail et au renchérissement de la vie entraînent des tensions sociales, malgré l’Union sacrée observée par les organisations syndicales. Dans le même temps, la perte des principaux territoires industriels représente une aubaine pour les autres régions, dont celles dont l’industrie textile est sur le déclin avant la guerre. Les fortes demandes de l’armée et les hauts prix du commerce privé entraînent des bénéfices importants, et conduisent l’État à adopter une fiscalité de guerre et réprimer les abus. Le retour des industries sinistrées à la fin du conflit, la question des dommages de guerre et la réintégration de l’Alsace-Lorraine mettent les industries textiles face à des changements radicauxDuring the World War I, the industries of the wool and the cotton find themselves pulled(entailed) in the industrial mobilization. The intervention of the State in these branches shows itself essential, and a new relation becomes established between the public authorities and the companies. The modification of the colour of the uniform, its wide distribution about eight million conscripts over four years and the loss of the industrial areas of the North and east lead to the putting under control of the State of almost all the wool trade, whereas the cotton industry remains independent until 1917. This relation extends to the imports of raw materials, with a progressive centralization which excludes any private business(trade), but associates traders and industrialists. Besides, the management of the workforce constitutes a daily challenge for companies. The need in workforce remains important, and the difficulties bound in working conditions and to the increased cost living trigger social tensions, in spite of the “Union sacrée” respected by labor unions. At the same time, the loss of the main industrial territories represents a chance of a lifetime for the other regions, among which those whose textile industry is on the decline before the war. The high demands of the army and the high prices of private trade yeld important profits, and lead the State to adopt a war tax system and to repress the abuses. The return of the stricken industries at the end the conflict, the question of war damage and reinstatement of Alsace-Lorraine put the textile industries in the face of radical changes
37
Grilli, Piero. "Environmental impacts of circular scenarios for the textile industry : A planetary boundaries-based life cycle assessment of cotton t-shirt." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-194682.
Full textAbstract:
Planetary Boundaries (PB) and Circular Economy (CE) are becoming the paradigm for sustainability. There is an increasing interest to operationalise PB into a framework for businesses to maximise profitability within environmental limits. The context of the cotton textile industry makes a good setting for understanding the casual chain of connections between the socio-economic system expressed by extensive global supply chain of cotton, and its ecological interconnection with the Earth’s system that is put under pressure. For this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) is recognised as a suitable approach for measuring the linkages between those two systems. Results show that among all phases of the life cycle of a cotton t-shirt, the usage phase is the most impacting for most of environmental indicators, followed by the manufacturing and farming phase. Production or extraction of raw material as elements considered upstream in the supply chain are the predominant cause of impacts in this case study. Increasing circularity of the system yields to an improvement in environmental performance. However, the system remains largely unsustainable when taking into account the state of the Earth’s system, through the PB. When assessing sustainability through LCA, ecological references like PB, must be considered to understand absolute environmental sustainability a product system. This will reveal whether less impacting options in the system, are still deteriorating a state of the environment as a part of the Earth’s system, which needs to be the area of protection. In conclusion, linking planetary boundaries to life cycle assessment can help assess the absolute environmental sustainability, as opposed to relative sustainability, of a production system. Combining an assessment of the state of the environment (safe, critical/uncertain, at risk), and the assessment of environmental hotspots of the system under scrutiny, will determine where priority for goals and actions of improvements for environmental sustainability needs most attention.
38
Baldeon-Lazaro, Thania, Pedro Malasquez-Salas, Gino Viacava-Campos, and Daniel Aderhold. "Production model to improve the efficiency of a peruvian cotton knitwear export company using 5s, standardization of operations and autonomous maintenance." Springer, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656021.
Full textAbstract:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Nowadays, organizations in the cotton knitwear industry have had to adapt to a client who is not willing to pay an additional cost for activities that do not add value to the product. In Peru, many companies that export cotton knitwear closes every year since they cannot compete with countries such as China and Hong Kong due to their high production costs. This paper introduces a production management model based on Lean Manufacturing techniques and standardization of operations to reduce waste in the production flow, thus improving quality, and reducing production time and costs. So, a Production and Continuous improvement model (PDCA) were implemented. The validation was performed in a representative Peruvian company that exports cotton knitwear, resulting in an efficiency improvement of 10%, reduction of defective products of 20%, and generating savings of almost 5,000 soles monthly.
39
Kassaee, Massoud. "Linkage of Business and Manufacturing Strategies as a Determinant of Enterprise Performance: an Empirical Study in the Textile Industry." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278687/.
Full textAbstract:
The main question in this study was: do business units that exhibit a "linkage" or "fit" between their business strategy and manufacturing strategy variables, outperform competitors who lack such a fit? This exploratory research focused on two business strategies: cost leadership and differentiation. Based on existing literature, twenty-four hypotheses concerning the relationship between business strategy and selected manufacturing strategy variables were developed. The manufacturing executives of eighty-eight broadwoven cotton fabric mills (SIC 2211) were surveyed using a qualitative questionnaire. Two sets of comparisons were made between the manufacturing strategy variables of the sampled firms: first, high vs. low performers pursuing cost leadership strategy; and second, high vs. low performers focusing on differentiation strategy. Within each set of comparisons, high performers reported linkage between their business strategies and selected manufacturing strategy variables. This study re-affirms the importance of linking business strategy with manufacturing strategy variables as a forceful weapon for overcoming competition.
40
Edgerton, D. E. H. "State intervention in British manufacturing industry, 1931-1951 : a comparative study of policy for the military aircraft and cotton textile industries." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7646.
Full text
41
Flores, Araya Jesserina. "The effects on cotton production due to climate change : an analysis of water availability and pesticide use in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh /." Stockholm : Stockholm University. Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:199112/FULLTEXT01.
Full text
42
Vacheron, Simon. "Mobiliser l’industrie textile (laine et coton). L’État, les entrepreneurs et les ouvriers dans l’effort de guerre, 1914-1920." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040139.
Full textAbstract:
Au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale, les industries de la laine et du coton se retrouvent entraînées dans la mobilisation industrielle. L’intervention de l’État dans ces branches se révèle indispensable, et une nouvelle relation s’établit entre la puissance publique et les entreprises. La modification de la teinte de l’uniforme, sa large diffusion à près de huit millions d’appelés sur quatre ans et la perte des bassins industriels du Nord et de l’Est conduisent à la mise sous contrôle de l’État de presque toute l’industrie lainière, tandis que l’industrie cotonnière reste indépendante jusqu’en 1917. Cette relation s’étend jusque dans les importations de matières premières, avec une centralisation progressive qui exclut le commerce privé, mais associe négociants et industriels. En outre, la gestion de la main-d’œuvre constitue un défi quotidien pour les entreprises. Le besoin de travailleurs reste important, et les difficultés liées aux conditions de travail et au renchérissement de la vie entraînent des tensions sociales, malgré l’Union sacrée observée par les organisations syndicales. Dans le même temps, la perte des principaux territoires industriels représente une aubaine pour les autres régions, dont celles dont l’industrie textile est sur le déclin avant la guerre. Les fortes demandes de l’armée et les hauts prix du commerce privé entraînent des bénéfices importants, et conduisent l’État à adopter une fiscalité de guerre et réprimer les abus. Le retour des industries sinistrées à la fin du conflit, la question des dommages de guerre et la réintégration de l’Alsace-Lorraine mettent les industries textiles face à des changements radicauxDuring the World War I, the industries of the wool and the cotton find themselves pulled(entailed) in the industrial mobilization. The intervention of the State in these branches shows itself essential, and a new relation becomes established between the public authorities and the companies. The modification of the colour of the uniform, its wide distribution about eight million conscripts over four years and the loss of the industrial areas of the North and east lead to the putting under control of the State of almost all the wool trade, whereas the cotton industry remains independent until 1917. This relation extends to the imports of raw materials, with a progressive centralization which excludes any private business(trade), but associates traders and industrialists. Besides, the management of the workforce constitutes a daily challenge for companies. The need in workforce remains important, and the difficulties bound in working conditions and to the increased cost living trigger social tensions, in spite of the “Union sacrée” respected by labor unions. At the same time, the loss of the main industrial territories represents a chance of a lifetime for the other regions, among which those whose textile industry is on the decline before the war. The high demands of the army and the high prices of private trade yeld important profits, and lead the State to adopt a war tax system and to repress the abuses. The return of the stricken industries at the end the conflict, the question of war damage and reinstatement of Alsace-Lorraine put the textile industries in the face of radical changes
43
Gupta, Kishor Kumar. "Polyvinyl alcohol size recovery and reuse via vacuum flash evaporation." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28181.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. S.)--Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Dr. Cook, Fred L.; Committee Member: Dr. Carr, Wallace W.; Committee Member: Dr. Parachuru, Radhakrishnaiah; Committee Member: Dr. Realff, Matthew J.; Committee Member: Dr. Muzzy, John D.
44
Ovalle-Velazco, Andrea-Gabriel. "Exportación en Bodys para bebés elaborados en base de algodón orgánico a Bogotá." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad de Lima, 2016. http://repositorio.ulima.edu.pe/handle/ulima/1733.
Full textAbstract:
Explica el plan de negocios de exportación a Colombia de prendas de vestir para niños de 0-24 meses elaboradas con algodón 100% orgánico. Se realizó un análisis de la idea, oportunidad y modelo del negocio. Se realizó un estudio técnico, mediante una evaluación interna y externa, un plan de marketing, operacional, logístico y administrativo y de calidad adecuado.Los productos serán diferenciados por la calidad de la confección y empaques ecológicos. El análisis financiero es viable. La empresa recuperará la inversión a finales del tercer año.Trabajo de investigación
45
Munshi, Farzana. "Essays on globalization and occupational wages." Göteborg : Dep. of Economics, School of Business, Economics and Law, Göteborg Univ, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/56139718X.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Univ., Diss.--Göteborg, 2008.Enth. 4 Beitr. Zsfassung in engl. Sprache. Trade liberalization and wage inequality--empirical evidence from Bangladesh / by Dick Durevall and Farzana Munshi -- Does openness reduce wage inequality in developing countries? Panel data evidence from Bangladesh / by Farzana Munshi -- Globalization and inter-occupational inequality in a panel of countries, 1983-2003 / by Farzana Munshi -- Offshoring and occupational wages--some empirical evidence / by Arne Bigsten, Dick Durevall, and Farzana Munshi.
46
Sundin, Mårten. "Från vaggan till grinden, en livscykelinventering på ett par bomullsbyxor." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1633.
Full textAbstract:
Our common future involves many important challenges. People and nature need to improve the relationship in order to reach an ecologically sustainable development. In a society where consumption of products steadily increases, the consumer awareness about social and environmental issues connected to the products becomes an importent factor. More and more companies choose to work more actively with these issues and more and more products get labelled by some of the eco labelling organisations. From the cradle to the gate means that a study has been done on a part of a products life cycle. In this master thesis a pair of cotton trousers has been followed from the cotton field and through the manufacturing chain in order to sees how much resource that are connected to the cultivation and to the production. Methological approach has been Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) according to ISO 14040. The empirical material is collected in South India, in an area known for its intense cotton manufacturing.
Studies like this can be a good way of showing the environmental impacts of a certain product. LCI can for example work as a criterion for eco labelling, but the methodology could also support the overall environmental work in companies.
47
Renaudin, Camille. "Le paysannat cotonnier africain dans la mondialisation : impacts sociaux, économiques et géographiques. Le cas de la région Est du Burkina Faso." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624815.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche traite de la vulnérabilité des paysans cotonniers au Burkina Faso face aux évolutions du marché et aux changements institutionnels de la filière. En effet, la filière coton a subi depuis une dizaine d'années une crise généralisée, dont la chute des prix fut le caractère le plus visible. Cette crise sans précédent est symptomatique du démantèlement des filières d'exportation, mises en place progressivement depuis la période coloniale, dans le cadre des politiques d'ajustement structurel. La filière coton étant reconnue comme un succès historique de développement agricole, ses difficultés actuelles sont donc un bon révélateur de l'impact du retrait des États et de la coopération internationale dans le secteur de l'agriculture. Les résultats s'appuient sur le traitement d'enquêtes par questionnaire menées auprès de paysans dans l'Est du Burkina Faso et sur la réalisation d'entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs de la filière. Ces analyses de terrains sont ensuite confrontées aux stratégies de sortie de crise proposées par les sociétés cotonnières, l'Union des Producteurs de Coton Burkinabè et l'État. Cette échelle d'analyse est intégrée dans une étude à différentes échelles, de la région, au marché global en passant par l'État. Cette approche multi-scalaire originale est la seule capable de mettre en relation efficacement les conclusions fondées sur un niveau unique d'analyse. Les conclusions montrent que le devenir de la filière coton et la stabilité des régions concernées dépendent de l'action des producteurs, des États et de la coopération internationale en faveur de l'agriculture familiale. Enfin, ce travail souligne l'intérêt de l'approche géographique qui intègre l'emboîtement des échelles en tant qu'élément majeur de la pérennité des filières agricoles dans les pays en voie de développement.
48
Djimasra, Nodjitidjé. "Efficacité technique, productivité et compétitivité des principaux pays producteurs de coton." Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE0507/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse étudie l’efficacité technique, la productivité et la compétitivité des principaux pays producteurs de coton. Un premier chapitre décrit la compétitivité internationale de façon générale et les stratégies commerciales pratiquées. Les structures productives en Afrique Subsaharienne sont traitées au deuxième chapitre, car considérées comme les plus faibles. Le secteur du coton étant retenu comme cadre d’étude au troisième chapitre. Une étude économétrique est faite afin de mettre en exergue les déterminants de la performance à l’exportation du coton. Les deux derniers chapitres portent sur l’analyse et la mesure de l’efficacité technique et la productivité globale des facteurs tant théoriques qu’empiriques. La méthode d’enveloppement des données est mise en évidence suivie d’une analyse économétrique. Cette étude est réalisée afin de mettre en place une politique de production efficace et de compétitivité. A cette fin, elle propose un nouveau visage organisationnel en termes d’implications de politiques économiques pour contribuer à revitaliser le secteur cotonnier considéré comme moteur du développement économique en AfriqueThis thesis aims to study the technical efficiency, the productivity and the competitiveness of the main cotton producing countries. In a first chapter, it describes globaly the international competitiveness and the practised commercial strategies. The productive structures in Sub-Saharan Africa are examined in the second chapter, because they are considered as the weakest. The third part deals with the branch of the coton. An econometric study is led in order to highlight the determiners of the performance in the cotton export. The last two chapters concern the analysis and the measurement of the technical efficiency and the global productivity of theoretical and empirical factors. The method of the data envelope is revealed, followed by an econometric analysis. This study is realized to set up a policy of effective production and competitiveness. In this purpose, she proposes a new organizational face in the implication of economic policies to contribute to revitalize the cotton branch, which is considered as a driving element of the economic development in Africa
49
Giordano, João Batista. "Tratamento corona sobre superficies texteis." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266145.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: João Sinezio de Carvalho CamposTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T13:40:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giordano_JoaoBatista_D.pdf: 4390680 bytes, checksum: 205aa7153da8e4745f9366e58adcb8cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Dentre as técnicas de modificação de superfícies aplicadas na indústria para melhorar adesão, o tratamento por descarga corona é amplamente utilizado. Durante o tratamento por descarga coro na, espécies ativas são geradas, as quais podem reagir com a superfície do polímero ocasionando quebra de cadeias e formação de radicais, criando assim grupos polares na superfície e conseqüentemente, aumentando a sua energia superficial e propriedade de adesão. Neste trabalho utilizaram-se tecidos de poliéster e de algodão. Nos processos convencionais de preparação de tecidos são usados agentes químicos que agridem os efluentes têxteis, assim a descarga corona propõe-se como tratamento prévio do material sem ação de tais agentes, sendo tratamento único e apenas físico. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: 1. Tratar com descarga corona tecidos de poliéster e tecidos de algodão (engomado, lavado e desengomado); 2. Verificar hidrofilidade e absorção de corantes em tecidos de algodão tratados com descarga corona; 3. Verificar propriedades mecânicas em tecidos tratados com descarga corona. 4. Verificar a adesão de pigmentos em de tecidos de poliéster tratados com corona. Tecidos foram submetidos à descarga: corona variando-se o tempo exposição e altura entre os eletrodos, em seguida foi realizada testes de hídrofilidade, absorção de corante tipo reativo, adesão de pigmentos, solidez a lavagem e ensaios de resistência à tração e alongamento. Foi utilizada a técnica de microscopia óptica, ensaio de hidrofilidade para caracterizar os efeitos causados. Os resultados mostram que: houve aumento da hidrofilidade do tecido de algodão que de 50% em amostra sem tratamento passou até a 280% com o tratamento, observou-se também que com te~pos de 1 mino já ocorrem modificações nos tecidos quanto a hidrofilidade e absorção de corantes; houve aumento da absorção de corante nas regiões tratadas principalmente em processos contínuos de tingimento; ocorreu boa aderência de pigmentos em tecidos de poliéster tratados; não ocorrem alteração das propriedades mecânicas (resistência a tração e alongamento) nas amostras tratadas.
Abstract: Amongst the techniques of modification of surfaces applied in the industry to improve adhesion, the treatment for discharge corona widely is used. During the treatment for discharge corona, active species are generated, which can consequently react with the surface of polymer causing chain in addition and formation of radicals, thus creating polar groups in the surface and, increasing its superficial energy and property of adhesion. In this work they had been used weaveed of polyester and cotton. In the conventional processes of fabric preparation they are used chemical agents whom the effluent textile attack, thus the discharge corona is considered as previous treatment of the material without action of such agents, being treatment only e only physicist. The objectives of this work are: 1.To deal with discharge corona weaveed to polyester and fabrics cotton (starchy, washed and dissolved the gum); 2. To verify water absorption and absorption of corantes in fabrics of cotton treated with discharge corona; to 3.Verificar mechanical properties in fabrics dealt with discharge corona. 4. To verify the pigment adhesion in of treated polyester fabrics with corona. Fabrics had been submitted to the discharge corona varying the time exposition and height between the electrodes and, after that water absorption tests had been carried through, absorption of corante reactive type, pigment adhesion, solidity the laudering and assays of tensile strenght and allonge. The technique of optic microscopy was used, assay of water absorption to characterize the caused effect. The results show that: it had increase of the hidrofilidade of the cotton fabric that of 50% in sample without treatment passed until 280% with the treatment, was 9.lso observed that with times of 1 min. already the water absorption and absorption of corantes occur modifications in fabrics how much; it had increase of the absorption of corante in the regions treated mainly in continuous processes of dyeing good pigment tack occurred in treat polyester fabrics; they do not occur alteration of the mechanical properties (resistance the traction and allonge) in the treated samples.
Doutorado
Ciencia e Tecnologia de Materiais
Doutor em Engenharia Química
50
Serra, Bruns Albert. "Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas y micromecánicas de los materiales compuestos de polipropileno reforzado con fibras residuales provenientes del reciclado de recortes en la industria textil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673894.
Full textAbstract:
Every year, the textile industry generates large amounts of cellulosic waste during the production and fabrication stages. This waste is made up of fibers, with lengths are less than 10 mm that prevent its reintroduction into the manufacturing process of textile products and they end up dumped or incinerated. In this doctoral thesis, polypropylene composite materials reinforced with cellulosic waste from the textile industry have been obtained, in order to give them added value and reduce their environmental impact.
The cellulosic waste that has been used is cotton wool, due to cotton is the natural fiber that is the most used in making clothes. In this process, a greater amount of this waste is generated.
To obtain a polypropylene (PP) composite material reinforced with natural fibers, it is necessary to use a coupling agent to ensure a good interface between them. In addition, from a dyed cellulosic fiber, it has been used to study the effect of dye on the interface of the composite material. During this study, it was found that the organic dyes present in the cotton wool affect the quality of the interface in two ways. On the one hand, dyes increase the affinity between the cotton fibers and the matrix due to the hydrophilic character of the fibers decreases. So, they increases their chemical compatibility with the matrix. On the other hand, dyes limit the effect of coupling agents because they increase the difficulty they have in reacting with the hydroxyl groups present on the surface of the fiber.
The mechanical properties of the different composite materials produced using different amounts of reinforcement and coupling agent (MAPP) have been analyzed here. The results of the tensile tests have shown a remarkable increase of the tensile strength of the matrix. However, compounds formulated with MAPP have shown significantly higher tensile strength than compounds formulated without this coupling agent. In terms of stiffness, a linear evolution has been observed in the values of the Young’s Module of the composites directly proportional to the applied reinforcement content. In contrast, it has been found that the slope of the linear fit equation obtained through the graphical representation mentioned above is lower than that other polypropylene compounds reinforced with natural fibersCada any, la industria tèxtil genera grans quantitats de residu cel·lulòsic durant les etapes de producció i confecció de teixits. Aquest residu es compon de fibres amb longituds inferiors a 10 mm que impedeixen la seva reintroducció en el procés de fabricació de productes tèxtils i acaben abocades o incinerades. En aquesta tesi doctoral s’han obtingut materials compostos de polipropilè reforçats amb residus cel·lulòsics provinents de la indústria tèxtil, per tal de donar-los un valor afegit i reduir el seu impacte mediambiental. El residu cel·lulòsic que s’ha utilitzat és la borra de cotó doncs, el cotó és la fibra natural que més s’utilitza en la confecció de vestits, procés en el que es genera una major quantitat d’aquests residus. Per a l’obtenció d’un material compost de polipropilè (PP) reforçat amb fibres naturals és necessària la utilització d’un agent d’acoblament per a garantir una bona interfase entre elles. A més a més, en partir d’una fibra cel·lulòsica tenyida, s’ha aprofitat per estudiar quin efecte té el tint sobre la interfase del material compost. Durant aquest estudi s’ha trobat que els colorants orgànics presents a la borra de cotó afecten la qualitat de la interfase de dues maneres. Per una banda, augmenten la compatibilitat química entre les fibres de cotó i la matriu degut a que disminueixen el caràcter hidrofílic de les fibres. Per una altra banda, els tints limiten l’efecte dels agents d’acoblament degut a que incrementen la dificultat que tenen aquests per reaccionar amb els grups hidroxils presents a la superfície de la fibra. Aquí mateix s’han analitzat les propietats mecàniques dels diferents materials compostos produïts utilitzant diferents quantitats de reforç i d’agent d’acoblament (MAPP). Els resultats dels assajos a tracció, han mostrat un increment notable de la resistència a tracció de la matriu. No obstant, els compostos formulats amb MAPP han mostrat una resistència a tracció sensiblement més alta que els compostos formulats sense aquest agent d’acoblament. Pel que fa a la rigidesa, s’ha observat una evolució lineal en els valors del Mòdul de Young dels compòsits directament proporcional al contingut de reforç aplicat. Per contra, s’ha constatat que el pendent de l’equació d’ajust lineal obtinguda a través de la representació gràfica esmentada anteriorment, és inferior al d’altres compostos de polipropilè reforçats amb fibres naturals
Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologia