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Journal articles on the topic 'Cospeciation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Page, R. D. M. "Parasites, phylogeny and cospeciation." International Journal for Parasitology 23, no. 4 (July 1993): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(93)90039-2.

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2

Barker, Stephen C. "Lice, cospeciation and parasitism." International Journal for Parasitology 26, no. 2 (February 1996): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(95)00114-x.

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3

Itino, Takao, Stuart J. Davies, Hideko Tada, Yoshihiro Hieda, Mika Inoguchi, Takao Itioka, Seiki Yamane, and Tamiji Inoue. "Cospeciation of ants and plants." Ecological Research 16, no. 4 (December 2001): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2001.00442.x.

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4

Huelsenbeck, John P., Bruce Rannala, and Ziheng Yang. "Statistical Tests of Host-Parasite Cospeciation." Evolution 51, no. 2 (April 1997): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2411113.

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5

Clayton, D. H., S. E. Bush, B. M. Goates, and K. P. Johnson. "Host defense reinforces host-parasite cospeciation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, no. 26 (December 12, 2003): 15694–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2533751100.

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6

Hoffmann, Federico G. "Tangled Trees: Phylogeny, Cospeciation, and Coevolution." Journal of Mammalogy 85, no. 1 (February 2004): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2004)085<0167:br>2.0.co;2.

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7

Fellis, K. Joel. "Tangled Trees: Phylogeny, Cospeciation, and Coevolution." Journal of Parasitology 90, no. 1 (February 2004): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2004)090[0072:br]2.0.co;2.

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8

Moeller, A. H., A. Caro-Quintero, D. Mjungu, A. V. Georgiev, E. V. Lonsdorf, M. N. Muller, A. E. Pusey, M. Peeters, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman. "Cospeciation of gut microbiota with hominids." Science 353, no. 6297 (July 21, 2016): 380–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf3951.

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9

Huelsenbeck, John P., Bruce Rannala, and Ziheng Yang. "STATISTICAL TESTS OF HOST-PARASITE COSPECIATION." Evolution 51, no. 2 (April 1997): 410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02428.x.

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10

Hafner, Mark S., and Steven A. Nadler. "Cospeciation in Host-Parasite Assemblages: Comparative Analysis of Rates of Evolution and Timing of Cospeciation Events." Systematic Zoology 39, no. 3 (September 1990): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2992181.

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11

Yang, Chen-Jui, and Jer-Ming Hu. "Molecular phylogeny of Asian Ardisia (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae) and their leaf-nodulated endosymbionts, Burkholderia s.l. (Burkholderiaceae)." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): e0261188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261188.

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The genus Ardisia (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae) has 16 subgenera and over 700 accepted names, mainly distributed in tropical Asia and America. The circumscription of Ardisia is not well-defined and sometimes confounded with the separation of some small genera. A taxonomic revision focusing on Ardisia and allies is necessary. In the Ardisia subgenus Crispardisia, symbiotic association with leaf-nodule bacteria is a unique character within the genus. The endosymbionts are vertically transmitted, highly specific and highly dependent on the hosts, suggesting strict cospeciation may have occurred in the evolutionary history. In the present study, we aimed to establish a phylogenetic framework for further taxonomic revision. We also aimed to test the cospeciation hypothesis of the leaf-nodulate Ardisia and their endosymbiotic bacteria. Nuclear ITS and two chloroplast intergenic spaces were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Asian Ardisia and relatives in Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae. The 16S-23S rRNA were used to reconstruct the bacterial symbionts’ phylogeny. To understand the evolutionary association of the Ardisia and symbionts, topology tests and cophylogenetic analyses were conducted. The molecular phylogeny suggested Ardisia is not monophyletic, unless Sardiria, Hymenandra, Badula and Oncostemum are included. The results suggest the generic limit within Myrsinoideae (Primulaceae) needs to be further revised. The subgenera Crispardisia, Pimelandra, and Stylardisia were supported as monophyly, while the subgenus Bladhia was separated into two distant clades. We proposed to divide the subgenus Bladhia into subgenus Bladhia s.str. and subgenus Odontophylla. Both of the cophylogenetic analyses and topology tests rejected strict cospeciation hypothesis between Ardisia hosts and symbiotic Burkholderia. Cophylogenetic analyses showed general phylogenetic concordance of Ardisia and Burkholderia, and cospeciation events, host-switching events and loss events were all inferred.
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12

Page, Roderick D. M. "Clocks, Clades, and Cospeciation: Comparing Rates of Evolution and Timing of Cospeciation Events in Host-Parasite Assemblages." Systematic Zoology 40, no. 2 (June 1991): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2992256.

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13

Page, R. D. M. "Clocks, Clades, and Cospeciation: Comparing Rates of Evolution and Timing of Cospeciation Events in Host-Parasite Assemblages." Systematic Biology 40, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/40.2.188.

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14

Hommola, K., J. E. Smith, Y. Qiu, and W. R. Gilks. "A Permutation Test of Host-Parasite Cospeciation." Molecular Biology and Evolution 26, no. 7 (March 27, 2009): 1457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp062.

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15

Cruaud, Astrid, and Jean-Yves Rasplus. "Testing cospeciation through large-scale cophylogenetic studies." Current Opinion in Insect Science 18 (December 2016): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2016.10.004.

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16

Page, Roderic D. M., Dale H. Clayton, and Adrian M. Paterson. "Lice and cospeciation: A response to barker." International Journal for Parasitology 26, no. 2 (February 1996): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(95)00115-8.

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17

Huelsenbeck, John P., Bruce Rannala, and Bret Larget. "A BAYESIAN FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF COSPECIATION." Evolution 54, no. 2 (2000): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2000)054[0352:abffta]2.0.co;2.

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18

Thao, MyLo L., Nancy A. Moran, Patrick Abbot, Eric B. Brennan, Daniel H. Burckhardt, and Paul Baumann. "Cospeciation of Psyllids and Their Primary Prokaryotic Endosymbionts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 2898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.7.2898-2905.2000.

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ABSTRACT Psyllids are plant sap-feeding insects that harbor prokaryotic endosymbionts in specialized cells within the body cavity. Four-kilobase DNA fragments containing 16S and 23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were amplified from the primary (P) endosymbiont of 32 species of psyllids representing three psyllid families and eight subfamilies. In addition, 0.54-kb fragments of the psyllid nuclear genewingless were also amplified from 26 species. Phylogenetic trees derived from 16S-23S rDNA and from the host winglessgene are very similar, and tests of compatibility of the data sets show no significant conflict between host and endosymbiont phylogenies. This result is consistent with a single infection of a shared psyllid ancestor and subsequent cospeciation of the host and the endosymbiont. In addition, the phylogenies based on DNA sequences generally agreed with psyllid taxonomy based on morphology. The 3′ end of the 16S rDNA of the P endosymbionts differs from that of other members of the domainBacteria in the lack of a sequence complementary to the mRNA ribosome binding site. The rate of sequence change in the 16S-23S rDNA of the psyllid P endosymbiont was considerably higher than that of other bacteria, including other fast-evolving insect endosymbionts. The lineage consisting of the P endosymbionts of psyllids was given the designation Candidatus Carsonella (gen. nov.) with a single species, Candidatus Carsonella ruddii (sp. nov.).
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19

Peek, A. S., R. A. Feldman, R. A. Lutz, and R. C. Vrijenhoek. "Cospeciation of chemoautotrophic bacteria and deep sea clams." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 17 (August 18, 1998): 9962–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.17.9962.

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20

Huelsenbeck, John P., Bruce Rannala, and Bret Larget. "A BAYESIAN FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF COSPECIATION." Evolution 54, no. 2 (April 2000): 352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00039.x.

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21

Ronquist, Fredrik. "Three-Dimensional Cost-Matrix Optimization and Maximum Cospeciation." Cladistics 14, no. 2 (June 1998): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.1998.tb00330.x.

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22

MATTHEWS, ALIX E., THAN J. BOVES, ANDREW D. SWEET, ELIZABETH M. AMES, LESLEY P. BULLUCK, ERIK I. JOHNSON, MATTHEW JOHNSON, et al. "Population genomics of avian feather mites with contrasting host specificities." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.17.

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Host specificity is a key element to our understanding of symbiont diversification and is driven by multiple macro- and microevolutionary processes. Broad scale (e.g., species-level) studies can uncover relevant processes such as cospeciation and host-switching that shape host-symbiont evolutionary histories.
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23

Lim-Fong, Grace E., Lindsay A. Regali, and Margo G. Haygood. "Evolutionary Relationships of “Candidatus Endobugula” Bacterial Symbionts and Their Bugula Bryozoan Hosts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 11 (April 4, 2008): 3605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02798-07.

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ABSTRACT Ribosomal gene sequences were obtained from bryozoans in the genus Bugula and their bacterial symbionts; analyses of host and symbiont phylogenetic trees did not support a history of strict cospeciation. Symbiont-derived compounds known to defend host larvae from predation were only detected in two out of four symbiotic Bugula species.
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24

Choudhury, Anindo, Brian R. Moore, and Fernando L. P. Marques. "Vernon Kellogg, Host-Switching, and Cospeciation: Rescuing Straggled Ideas." Journal of Parasitology 88, no. 5 (October 2002): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3285560.

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25

Page, Roderic D. M. "Temporal Congruence and Cladistic Analysis of Biogeogrphy and Cospeciation." Systematic Zoology 39, no. 3 (September 1990): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2992182.

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26

Choudhury, Anindo, Brian R. Moore, and Fernando L. P. Marques. "Vernon Kellogg, Host-Switching, and Cospeciation: Rescuing Straggled Ideas." Journal of Parasitology 88, no. 5 (October 2002): 1045–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1045:vkhsac]2.0.co;2.

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27

Alcala, Nicolas, Tania Jenkins, Philippe Christe, and Séverine Vuilleumier. "Host shift and cospeciation rate estimation from co‐phylogenies." Ecology Letters 20, no. 8 (June 29, 2017): 1014–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12799.

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28

Merckx, Vincent, and Martin I. Bidartondo. "Breakdown and delayed cospeciation in the arbuscular mycorrhizal mutualism." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1638 (February 12, 2008): 1029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1622.

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The ancient arbuscular mycorrhizal association between the vast majority of plants and the fungal phylum Glomeromycota is a dominant nutritional mutualism worldwide. In the mycorrhizal mutualism, plants exchange photosynthesized carbohydrates for mineral nutrients acquired by fungi from the soil. This widespread cooperative arrangement is broken by ‘cheater’ plant species that lack the ability to photosynthesize and thus become dependent upon three-partite linkages (cheater–fungus–photosynthetic plant). Using the first fine-level coevolutionary analysis of mycorrhizas, we show that extreme fidelity towards fungi has led cheater plants to lengthy evolutionary codiversification. Remarkably, the plants' evolutionary history closely mirrors that of their considerably older mycorrhizal fungi. This demonstrates that one of the most diffuse mutualistic networks is vulnerable to the emergence, persistence and speciation of highly specific cheaters.
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29

Lackner, Gerald, Nadine Möbius, Kirstin Scherlach, Laila P. Partida-Martinez, Robert Winkler, Imke Schmitt, and Christian Hertweck. "Global Distribution and Evolution of a Toxinogenic Burkholderia-Rhizopus Symbiosis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 9 (March 13, 2009): 2982–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01765-08.

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ABSTRACT Toxinogenic endobacteria were isolated from a collection of Rhizopus spp. representing highly diverse geographic origins and ecological niches. All endosymbionts belonged to the Burkholderia rhizoxinica complex according to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight biotyping and multilocus sequence typing, suggesting a common ancestor. Comparison of host and symbiont phylogenies provides insights into possible cospeciation and horizontal-transmission events.
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30

Catanach, Therese A., Kevin P. Johnson, Ben D. Marks, Robert G. Moyle, Michel P. Valim, and Jason D. Weckstein. "Two lineages of kingfisher feather lice exhibit differing degrees of cospeciation with their hosts." Parasitology 146, no. 8 (May 3, 2019): 1083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182019000453.

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AbstractUnlike most bird species, individual kingfisher species (Aves: Alcedinidae) are typically parasitized by only a single genus of louse (Alcedoffula, Alcedoecus, or Emersoniella). These louse genera are typically specific to a particular kingfisher subfamily. Specifically, Alcedoecus and Emersoniella parasitize Halcyoninae, whereas Alcedoffula parasitizes Alcedininae and Cerylinae. Although Emersoniella is geographically restricted to the Indo-Pacific region, Alcedoecus and Alcedoffula are geographically widespread. We used DNA sequences from two genes, the mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α genes, to infer phylogenies for the two geographically widespread genera of kingfisher lice, Alcedoffula and Alcedoecus. These phylogenies included 47 kingfisher lice sampled from 11 of the 19 currently recognized genera of kingfishers. We compared louse phylogenies to host phylogenies to reconstruct their cophylogenetic history. Two distinct clades occur within Alcedoffula, one that infests Alcedininae and a second that infests Cerylinae. All species of Alcedoecus were found only on host species of the subfamily Halcyoninae. Cophylogenetic analysis indicated that Alcedoecus, as well as the clade of Alcedoffula occurring on Alcedininae, do not show evidence of cospeciation. In contrast, the clade of Alcedoffula occurring on Cerylinae showed strong evidence of cospeciation.
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31

Ricklefs, Robert E., Sylvia M. Fallon, and Eldredge Bermingham. "Evolutionary Relationships, Cospeciation, and Host Switching in Avian Malaria Parasites." Systematic Biology 53, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150490264987.

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32

Kossida, Sophia, Paul H. Harvey, Paolo M. de A. Zanotto, and Michael A. Charleston. "Lack of Evidence for Cospeciation Between Retroelements and Their Hosts." Journal of Molecular Evolution 50, no. 2 (February 2000): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002399910021.

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33

Nouioui, Imen, Faten Ghodhbane-Gtari, Maria P. Fernandez, Abdellatif Boudabous, Philippe Normand, and Maher Gtari. "Absence of Cospeciation between the UnculturedFrankiaMicrosymbionts and the Disjunct ActinorhizalCoriariaSpecies." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/924235.

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Coriariais an actinorhizal plant that forms root nodules in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing actinobacteria of the genusFrankia. This symbiotic association has drawn interest because of the disjunct geographical distribution ofCoriariain four separate areas of the world and in the context of evolutionary relationships between host plants and their uncultured microsymbionts. The evolution ofFrankia-Coriariasymbioses was examined from a phylogenetic viewpoint using multiple genetic markers in both bacteria and host-plant partners. Total DNA extracted from root nodules collected from five species:C. myrtifolia,C. arborea,C. nepalensis,C. japonica, andC. microphylla, growing in the Mediterranean area (Morocco and France), New Zealand, Pakistan, Japan, and Mexico, respectively, was used to amplify glnA gene (glutamine synthetase), dnaA gene (chromosome replication initiator), and the nif DK IGS (intergenic spacer between nifD and nifK genes) inFrankiaand the matK gene (chloroplast-encoded maturase K) and the intergenic transcribed spacers (18S rRNA-ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2-28S rRNA) inCoriariaspecies. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the radiations ofFrankiastrains andCoriariaspecies are not congruent. The lack of cospeciation between the two symbiotic partners may be explained by host shift at high taxonomic rank together with wind dispersal and/or survival in nonhost rhizosphere.
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34

Demastes, J. W., and M. S. Hafner. "Cospeciation of Pocket Gophers (Geomys) and their Chewing Lice (Geomydoecus)." Journal of Mammalogy 74, no. 3 (August 20, 1993): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1382271.

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35

Johnson, Kevin P., Martyn Kennedy, and Kevin G. McCracken. "Reinterpreting the origins of flamingo lice: cospeciation or host-switching?" Biology Letters 2, no. 2 (January 3, 2006): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0427.

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The similarity of the louse faunas of flamingos and ducks has been used as evidence that these two groups of birds are closely related. However, the realization that ducks actually are more closely related to Galliformes caused many workers to reinterpret this similarity in parasite faunas as host switching from ducks to flamingos. Recent unexpected phylogenetic results on the relationships of waterbirds and their lice call for a reinterpretation of the origins of the lice of the enigmatic flamingos. Here, we bring together new evidence on the phylogenetic relationships of flamingos and their lice and show that the lice of flamingos and grebes are closely related because their hosts share a common ancestor (cospeciation). We also demonstrate that the similarity of the louse faunas of flamingos and ducks is a result of host switching from flamingos to ducks, rather than from ducks to flamingos.
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36

Baumann, Linda, and Paul Baumann. "Cospeciation Between the Primary Endosymbionts of Mealybugs and Their Hosts." Current Microbiology 50, no. 2 (January 18, 2005): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-004-4437-x.

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37

Jousselin, Emmanuelle, Yves Desdevises, and Armelle Coeur d'acier. "Fine-scale cospeciation between Brachycaudus and Buchnera aphidicola : bacterial genome helps define species and evolutionary relationships in aphids." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1654 (September 9, 2008): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0679.

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Aphids harbour an obligatory symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola , providing essential amino acids not supplied by their diet. These bacteria are transmitted vertically and phylogenic analyses suggest that they have ‘cospeciated’ with their hosts. We investigated this cospeciation phenomenon at a fine taxonomic level, within the aphid genus Brachycaudus . We used DNA-based methods of species delimitation in both organisms, to avoid biases in the definition of aphid and Buchnera species and to infer association patterns without the presumption of a specific interaction. Our results call into question certain ‘taxonomic’ species of Brachycaudus and suggest that B. aphidicola has diversified into independently evolving entities, each specific to a ‘phylogenetic’ Brachycaudus species. We also found that Buchnera and their hosts simultaneously diversified, in parallel. These results validate the use of Buchnera DNA data for inferring the evolutionary history of their host. The Buchnera genome evolves rapidly, making it the perfect tool for resolving ambiguities in aphid taxonomy. This study also highlights the usefulness of species delimitation methods in cospeciation studies involving species difficult to conceptualize—as is the case for bacteria—and in cases in which the taxonomy of the interacting organisms has not been determined independently and species definition depends on host association.
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38

Won, Yong-Jin, William J. Jones, and Robert C. Vrijenhoek. "Absence of Cospeciation Between Deep-Sea Mytilids and Their Thiotrophic Endosymbionts." Journal of Shellfish Research 27, no. 1 (March 2008): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[129:aocbdm]2.0.co;2.

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39

Hamerlinck, G., D. Hulbert, G. R. Hood, J. J. Smith, and A. A. Forbes. "Histories of host shifts and cospeciation among free-living parasitoids ofRhagoletisflies." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 29, no. 9 (July 27, 2016): 1766–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12909.

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40

Hughes, Joseph, Martyn Kennedy, Kevin P. Johnson, Ricardo L. Palma, and Roderic D. M. Page. "Multiple Cophylogenetic Analyses Reveal Frequent Cospeciation between Pelecaniform Birds and Pectinopygus Lice." Systematic Biology 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 232–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150701311370.

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41

Patterson, Bruce D., J. William O. Ballard, and Rupert L. Wenzel. "Distributional Evidence for Cospeciation between Neotropical Bats and their Bat Fly Ectoparasites." Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 33, no. 2 (December 1, 1998): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/snfe.33.2.76.2152.

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42

Percy, Diana M. "Tangled Trees: Phylogeny, Cospeciation, and Coevolution.(Edited by Roderic D. M. Page)." Invertebrate Systematics 17, no. 2 (2003): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/isv17n2_br.

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43

SMITH, VINCENT S., JESSICA E. LIGHT, and LANCE A. DURDEN. "Rodent louse diversity, phylogeny, and cospeciation in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 95, no. 3 (October 30, 2008): 598–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01069.x.

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44

IKEDA-OHTSUBO, WAKAKO, and ANDREAS BRUNE. "Cospeciation of termite gut flagellates and their bacterial endosymbionts:Trichonymphaspecies and ‘CandidatusEndomicrobium trichonymphae’." Molecular Ecology 18, no. 2 (January 2009): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04029.x.

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45

Ehlers, Bernhard, Güzin Dural, Nezlisah Yasmum, Tiziana Lembo, Benoit de Thoisy, Marie-Pierre Ryser-Degiorgis, Rainer G. Ulrich, and Duncan J. McGeoch. "Novel Mammalian Herpesviruses and Lineages within the Gammaherpesvirinae: Cospeciation and Interspecies Transfer." Journal of Virology 82, no. 7 (January 23, 2008): 3509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02646-07.

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ABSTRACT Novel members of the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, hosted by eight mammalian species from six orders (Primates, Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Scandentia, and Eulipotyphla), were discovered using PCR with pan-herpesvirus DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene primers and genus-specific glycoprotein B (gB) gene primers. The gB and DPOL sequences of each virus species were connected by long-distance PCR, and contiguous sequences of approximately 3.4 kbp were compiled. Six additional gammaherpesviruses from four mammalian host orders (Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Primates, and Proboscidea), for which only short DPOL sequences were known, were analyzed in the same manner. Together with available corresponding sequences for 31 other gammaherpesviruses, alignments of encoded amino acid sequences were made and used for phylogenetic analyses by maximum-likelihood and Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov chain methods to derive a tree which contained two major loci of unresolved branching details. The tree was rooted by parallel analyses that included alpha- and betaherpesvirus sequences. This gammaherpesvirus tree contains 11 major lineages and presents the widest view to date of phylogenetic relationships in any subfamily of the Herpesviridae, as well as the most complex in the number of deep lineages. The tree's branching pattern can be interpreted only in part in terms of the cospeciation of virus and host lineages, and a substantial incidence of the interspecies transfer of viruses must also be invoked.
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46

Hosokawa, Takahiro, Yoshitomo Kikuchi, Naruo Nikoh, Masakazu Shimada, and Takema Fukatsu. "Strict Host-Symbiont Cospeciation and Reductive Genome Evolution in Insect Gut Bacteria." PLoS Biology 4, no. 10 (October 10, 2006): e337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040337.

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47

Braga, Mariana P., Michael J. Landis, Sören Nylin, Niklas Janz, and Fredrik Ronquist. "Bayesian Inference of Ancestral Host–Parasite Interactions under a Phylogenetic Model of Host Repertoire Evolution." Systematic Biology 69, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 1149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa019.

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Abstract Intimate ecological interactions, such as those between parasites and their hosts, may persist over long time spans, coupling the evolutionary histories of the lineages involved. Most methods that reconstruct the coevolutionary history of such interactions make the simplifying assumption that parasites have a single host. Many methods also focus on congruence between host and parasite phylogenies, using cospeciation as the null model. However, there is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that the host ranges of parasites are more complex: that host ranges often include more than one host and evolve via gains and losses of hosts rather than through cospeciation alone. Here, we develop a Bayesian approach for inferring coevolutionary history based on a model accommodating these complexities. Specifically, a parasite is assumed to have a host repertoire, which includes both potential hosts and one or more actual hosts. Over time, potential hosts can be added or lost, and potential hosts can develop into actual hosts or vice versa. Thus, host colonization is modeled as a two-step process that may potentially be influenced by host relatedness. We first explore the statistical behavior of our model by simulating evolution of host–parasite interactions under a range of parameter values. We then use our approach, implemented in the program RevBayes, to infer the coevolutionary history between 34 Nymphalini butterfly species and 25 angiosperm families. Our analysis suggests that host relatedness among angiosperm families influences how easily Nymphalini lineages gain new hosts. [Ancestral hosts; coevolution; herbivorous insects; probabilistic modeling.]
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48

Leendertz, Fabian H., Merlin Deckers, Werner Schempp, Felix Lankester, Christophe Boesch, Lawrence Mugisha, Aidan Dolan, Derek Gatherer, Duncan J. McGeoch, and Bernhard Ehlers. "Novel cytomegaloviruses in free-ranging and captive great apes: phylogenetic evidence for bidirectional horizontal transmission." Journal of General Virology 90, no. 10 (October 1, 2009): 2386–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.011866-0.

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Wild great apes often suffer from diseases of unknown aetiology. This is among the causes of population declines. Because human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen, especially in immunocompromised individuals, a search for cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) in deceased wild and captive chimpanzees, gorillas and orang-utans was performed. By using a degenerate PCR targeting four conserved genes (UL54–UL57), several distinct, previously unrecognized CMVs were found for each species. Sequences of up to 9 kb were determined for ten novel CMVs, located in the UL54–UL57 block. A phylogenetic tree was inferred for the ten novel CMVs, the previously characterized chimpanzee CMV, HCMV strains and Old World and New World monkey CMVs. The primate CMVs fell into four clades, containing New World monkey, Old World monkey, orang-utan and human CMVs, respectively, plus two clades that each contained both chimpanzee and gorilla isolates (termed CG1 and CG2). The tree loci of the first four clades mirrored those for their respective hosts in the primate tree, suggesting that these CMV lineages arose through cospeciation with host lineages. The CG1 and CG2 loci corresponded to those of the gorilla and chimpanzee hosts, respectively. This was interpreted as indicating that CG1 and CG2 represented CMV lineages that had arisen cospeciationally with the gorilla and chimpanzee lineages, respectively, with subsequent transfer within each clade between the host genera. Divergence dates were estimated and found to be consistent with overall cospeciational development of major primate CMV lineages. However, CMV transmission between chimpanzees and gorillas in both directions has also occurred.
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49

Schmitt, Susanne, Hilde Angermeier, Roswitha Schiller, Niels Lindquist, and Ute Hentschel. "Molecular Microbial Diversity Survey of Sponge Reproductive Stages and Mechanistic Insights into Vertical Transmission of Microbial Symbionts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 24 (September 26, 2008): 7694–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00878-08.

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ABSTRACT Many marine sponges, hereafter termed high-microbial-abundance (HMA) sponges, harbor large and complex microbial consortia, including bacteria and archaea, within their mesohyl matrices. To investigate vertical microbial transmission as a strategy to maintain these complex associations, an extensive phylogenetic analysis was carried out with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of reproductive (n = 136) and adult (n = 88) material from five different Caribbean species, as well as all published 16S rRNA gene sequences from sponge offspring (n = 116). The overall microbial diversity, including members of at least 13 bacterial phyla and one archaeal phylum, in sponge reproductive stages is high. In total, 28 vertical-transmission clusters, defined as clusters of phylotypes that are found both in adult sponges and their offspring, were identified. They are distributed among at least 10 bacterial phyla and one archaeal phylum, demonstrating that the complex adult microbial community is collectively transmitted through reproductive stages. Indications of host-species specificity and cospeciation were not observed. Mechanistic insights were provided using a combined electron microscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, and an indirect mechanism of vertical transmission via nurse cells is proposed for the oviparous sponge Ectyoplasia ferox. Based on these phylogenetic and mechanistic results, we suggest the following symbiont transmission model: entire microbial consortia are vertically transmitted in sponges. While vertical transmission is clearly present, additional environmental transfer between adult individuals of the same and even different species might obscure possible signals of cospeciation. We propose that associations of HMA sponges with highly sponge-specific microbial communities are maintained by this combination of vertical and horizontal symbiont transmission.
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Bolaños, Luis M., Mónica Rosenblueth, Amaranta Manrique de Lara, Analí Migueles-Lozano, Citlali Gil-Aguillón, Valeria Mateo-Estrada, Francisco González-Serrano, Carlos E. Santibáñez-López, Tonalli García-Santibáñez, and Esperanza Martínez-Romero. "Cophylogenetic analysis suggests cospeciation between the Scorpion Mycoplasma Clade symbionts and their hosts." PLOS ONE 14, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): e0209588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209588.

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