Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cosmetics use'
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Keil, Lesley Claire. "Putting your best face forward: relationships between cosmetics use, self-esteem, body image, and self-perceived attractiveness." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407156852.
Stewart, Susan Margaret. "From Ovid to the Price Edict : women under the Roman Empire, their use of cosmetics, perfumes and its significance." Thesis, Open University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496478.
Yoder, Traci L. ""Is use of cosmetics anti-Socialist?" gendered consumption and the fashioning of urban womanhood in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 1975-1990 /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014375.
Freitas, Beatriz Resende. "Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de folhas de Lippia salviaefolia Cham. visando sua aplicação como conservante em preparações cosméticas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9139/tde-23122016-094320/.
The pharmacological potential of species of the Lippia in the treatment of infections has been known popularly, thus was considered the study of the activity of the native salviaefolia Lippia of the Brazilian Cerrado. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts of Lippia salviaefolia Cham. and its citotoxicy aiming the application as natural preservative in cosmetic formulations. The assay antimicrobial was carried through the method of diffusion in plate and determination of the MIC by microdilution, having used the microorganisms: P.aeruginosa ATCC 9027, S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 8739, C. albicans ATCC 10231. It has developed and evaluated the stability of creams, gels and xampus with the extract of Lippia salviaefolia Cham. The formulations of the best stability performance have submitted to preservative efficacy test. The safe of the formulations has histological evaluated by in vitro. In the test of antimicrobial activity it has verified that the ethyl acetate and the chloroform fraction have been the most active and with CMI of 0.2 % for bacteria and fungus. The tests of effectiveness of preservatives have showed of the formulations contend the ethyl acetate fraction presented antimicrobial activity for bacteria and C. albican in cream, gel and shampoo. On the other hand, against A.niger it has been suitable activity in shampoo. In the citotoxity test, the 0,05 % ethyl acetate fraction has presented interval of security. And in the concentration of 0,2%, corresponding to CMI, safety\'s strip is just reached with half hour of contact. The results have suggested that the ethyl acetate extract of the Lippia salviaefolia Cham. should be used as natural preservative in cosmetic products.
Bertin, Yuna. "Perception des cosmétiques et comportement d’usage : entre santé et beauté." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALH031.
Cosmetic make-up and skincare products are an integral part of many people’s lifes. Moreover, it can be seen as a source of well-being. Despite the considerable consumption of these products, and their social and health implications, few studies have looked into the motivations and disincentives underlying the use of make-up products. Furthermore, even fewer studies tap into the motivations and disincentives underlying the use of skincare products. Little research has been carried out assessing people's perceptions of products and the risks associated with their use. This doctoral project aims to explore this under-investigated field of research, with two objectives. Firstly, we aimed to study make-up and skincare product usage behavior, in relation to appearance and socio-cultural influence. The second aim was to identify the determinants of risk perception linked to the use of make-up and skincare products. Additionally, we aimed to study the risk perception in relation to the perception of benefits and product use, among a non-expert population. To this end, two studies were carried out among French women of legal age. In the first exploratory study, 34 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results are consistent with the literature highlighting the role of make-up and skincare products in self-appreciation and psychological well-being, and the role of make-up in particular in managing the impressions reflected back to others and expressing an identity adapted to the social context. The use of skincare products in particular calls on themes linked to aging appearance and bodily well-being. This first study highlights the role of knowledge and trust in the perception of risks associated with the use of make-up and skincare products. Various perceived risk factors were identified, such as product composition and perceived compliance with production standards. The second study was an online questionnaire, administered to 1,274 participants. Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Data analysis indicates positive effects of subjective norms, general internalization of beauty standards, and motivational salience (appearance investment dimension), as well as a negative effect of self-evaluative salience (appearance investment dimension) and age, on make-up product use. The use of skincare products was positively influenced by age, anxiety about aging appearance, subjective norms, general internalization of standards and motivational salience, and negatively influenced by self-evaluative salience. In addition, the analyses revealed a negative effect of fatalistic beliefs, subjective knowledge level, and trust (in the concern of scientists and the cosmetics industry for the health of users and the environment) on the perception of risks associated with the use of make-up and skincare products. The analyses indicated a significant positive effect of trust (in the honesty of scientists and the cosmetics industry) on the perception of benefits linked to the use of make-up and skincare products, and a positive relationship between this perception of benefits and product use. Finally, this doctoral work discusses these results in relation to the literature, and presents a set of perspectives envisaged for investigating the issues of make-up and skincare product use and perception in depth
Tonin, Fernando Gustavo. "Análise de flavanóides por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e eletroforese capilar - otimização de separação e aplicações tecnológicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-18052016-154514/.
At this work, separation of 18 flavonoids (9 aglycones and 9 glycosides) using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Reduced Flow Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (RF-MEKC) were evaluated. For both techniques, pure solvents (methanol, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran) e their mixtures were evaluated as an approach of varying selectivity by changing mobile phase in HPLC and organic additive type in RF-MEKC. For HPLC studies using gradient elution, it was possible to guarantee the modeling for retention factor in function of organic solvent used (methanol, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran and theirs mixtures). It can be also confirmed, based on retention data and hierarquical clusters analysis, four different chromatographic groups with different selectivity for flavonoid aglycone, and four groups with different selectivity for glycosides. More orthogonal chromatographic systems (each one belonging to a selectivity group) were applied to Neem (Azadirachta Indica) analysis. From this study, it can be chosen the most selective mobile phase composition and optimize flavonoid glycosides separation present at Neem leaves. Applying optimized method, five major flavonoids can be identified and quantified, three quercetin glycosides (rutin, isoquercitrin and quercitrin) and two kaempferol glycosides (astragalin and nicotiflorin), at two samples from different origins (Piracicaba-SP and Silvânia-GO). For studies regarding eighteen flavonoids separation by RF-MEKC can be proved significant selectivity differences when distinct organic solvent are used as additive. Moreover, it can be noted tendencies in migration behaviour depending of solvent used and molecular structure of flavonoids. The solvent with less efficiency to f/avonoid separation is methanol. Analyzing electropherograms obtained by a design of mixtures and by criticai pairs changes observed in diverse electro/ytes, a separation method with only one criticai pair and 12 minutes run was obtained. Coefficient of variation obtained for retention factor was 1.5% and 3% for area (n=5). Developed method was applied to identify major flavonoids at model plant (Neem) and same results observed at previous work were obtained. In order to evaluate total flavonoid concentration present in a plant is a common approach to analyse extracts after acid hydrolyze (convert ali glycosides to aglycones). A method was optimized to separate 8 flavonoid aglicones by RPHPLC usually present in food and vegetal extracts to cosmetic use. Optimization was performed by a mixture factorial design to select the most selective mobile phase composition and one facto ria I design with central point to optimize gradient parameters. Developed methodology is the faster reported in literature until now. Baseline separation was achieved in less than 15 minutes, with coefficients of variation between 0.1 and 1.8%, correlation coefficient from 0,9993 to 0,9994 at 5-100 µg/mL concentration range and quantification limits from 0.1 to 0.21 µg/mL. Developed method was used to optimize hydrolize parameters for a Neem extract. Optimization was realized by a response surface methodology, having concentration of acid added, reaction time, temperature and antioxidant (ascorbic acid) concentration added as parameters. From this study was developed a hydrolyze methodology with 5 minutes of reaction time, using 1.4 mol/L HCI, 119°C and 500 µg/mL of ascorbic acid. Applying method of analysis and hydrolyze developed at Neem extracts it can be identified and quantified aglicones quercetin, kaempferol and miricetin. Aiming to evaluate which compounds in a vegetal extract have antioxidant activity credited to some plants, an on-line system with post-column reaction was built in HPLC (based on literature), using ABTS as free radical mode!. Neem analysis at this system showed that flavonoid glycosides identified before are the responsible for antioxidant activity described for this plant. Based on this information and intending to obtain vegetal extracts with antioxidant activity for cosmetic use, Neem extraction procedure was modeled in function of solvent mixture used (water, ethanol, propylene glycol and their mixtures), following a simplex centroid designo Besides the concentration of active components prediction it can also be predict other properties like refractive index and density, properties that might be included at technical specifications depending of the intended use (creams, shampoos, etc).
Sperry, Steffanie. "Reality Cosmetic Surgery Makeovers: Potential Psychological and Behavioral Correlates." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002122.
Bakarman, Maryah. "SAUDI FEMALES’ SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD COSMETIC SURGERIES." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1560793387780191.
Özkan, Petek, and Xiaudan Wu. "Chinese and British Consumer Attitude Towards Online Purchasing of Cosmetics." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9777.
Moddaresi, Mojgan. "The Use of Nanotechnology in Enhancing the Efficacy of Cosmetic Products of Natural Origin." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521850.
Tarantino, Riccardo. "Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of esters and amides for cosmetic uses." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Zakaria, Zalina. "Cosmetic safety regulations : a comparative study of Europe, the USA and Malaysia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cosmetic-safety-regulationsa-comparative-studyof-europe-the-usaand-malaysia(61936734-3118-4e89-986f-147211ec82cb).html.
Manley, Alan H. G. "Attitudinal perception of cosmetic wear and damage of materials within the use phase of portable electronic products." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/36225.
Zuang, Valerie. "The use of non-invasive techniques on human volunteers to determine the safety and efficacy of cosmetic products." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298029.
Cumming, Janet L. "Environmental Fate, Aquatic Toxicology and Risk Assessment of Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Salts from Cosmetic Uses." Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365855.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment
Faculty of Environment and Planning
Full Text
George, Joan Ann. "Flat Chests and Crossed Eyes: Scrutinizing Minor Bodily Stigmas through the Lens of Cosmetic Surgery." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000057.
Rondaud, Annabelle. "L’expérimentation animale : une controverse stagnante ? Approche communicationnelle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040073.
Throughout the years, despite strong questioning from more and more vehement opponents, the animal testing controversy has come to a standstill. What can explain this « immobility » ? Besides, is the noun accurate ? Is this controversy rather not in line with a « dynamic inertia » ? So as to investigate this issue, communicational approach is put forward.The study is divided into three parts. A first one analyzes the underlying moral dilemma of animal testing, which involves going back to some philosophical sources and ethical principles. Then, the study examines the opponents and supporters speeches as well as the reasons for a difficult and even an impossible dialogue between the two sides. In this situation of non-communication, the legislature is, as we see in the third part, a resort from which each side is expecting a solution... A solution to overcome the inertia ?
GOMES, PATRICIA HERMOGENES. "THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGY OF A BRAZILIAN COMPANY: CASE STUDY IN THE COSMETIC SECTOR - NATURA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8267@1.
A humanidade está testemunhando e experimentando os efeitos da degradação do ambiente natural, em escala e escopo sem precedentes na sua história, o que vem provocando crescente inquietação com a qualidade e o futuro do meio-ambiente diante da perda da biodiversidade e da transformação irrecuperável de ambientes naturais. A pesquisa analisa a estratégia de internacionalização e o uso sustentável da biodiversidade como um diferencial adotado nesse processo por uma empresa brasileira - a Natura - que vem crescendo e tendo destaque internacional além de ser reconhecida pela sua responsabilidade social e ambiental. A interpretação dos dados foi feita com base no referencial teórico, fundamentado na revisão de literatura, utilizando o modelo Genérico Integrativo (GI) de Macedo-Soares (2000). Foi adotada, para a análise do estudo de caso, a estratégia de triangulação de métodos, portanto as informações foram coletadas por meio de investigação documental, de levantamento de percepções por meio de entrevistas com formulário estruturado e de levantamento complementar por meio de entrevistas com roteiro guiado. Por meio dos resultados obtidos evidenciamos que a empresa, ao contrário da maioria, não adota alianças em seu processo de internacionalização. A Natura acredita quem tem mais a perder com uma parceria mal realizada do que fazendo investimento próprio em novos países. Outra evidência importante está no fato de que, embora a empresa possua como estratégia de negócio bem sucedida no Brasil a venda direta, durante seu processo de internacionalização para a Europa precisou repensar essa estratégia empresarial para ter sucesso naquele mercado. Isso foi feito, porque a Europa é, sem dúvida, um excelente mercado consumidor para empresas preocupadas com o uso sustentável da biodiversidade.
The mankind is witnessing and suffering the consequences of the environment degradation, in scale and scope never seen in history. However, there is a growing concern regarding the quality and the future of the environment due to the loss of biodiversity and the definitive changes in Nature. The present research analyzes the strategy of internationalization and sustainable use of biodiversity as a competitive advantage of a Brazilian company, Natura, which has sustained a steady growth pace. Natura is well recognized also for its corporate social and environmental responsibility. The data interpretation found in this study was based on the theoretical references from the literature review, using Macedo-Soares` (2000) systemic and integrative model for strategic assessment. Following that, a strategic triangulation of methods was adopted in order to analyze the case study. The information was collected by documental investigation, perception with surveys and complementary data with guided interviews. Through the results obtained we concluded that the company, as opposed to many other companies, does not adopt alliances in the internalization process. Natura believes that the company has more to risk by choosing a bad partner than using its own capital to start business in other countries. Another important point is that although the company is very well succeeded in Brazil with direct sales, a new strategy had to be implemented in Europe to succeed in the European market. Without any doubt Europe is an excellent market for companies oriented towards sustained used of biodiversity.
Pelánová, Lenka. "Vliv různých kosmetických polysacharidů jako prebiotik na mikrobiom kůže." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449762.
Ayan, Hilal. "Identify synthetic polymers used in cosmetics and further test their biodegradation in aqueous setup in order to assess their impact on the environment." Thesis, KTH, Industriell bioteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259570.
Plast har många användningsområden varav kosmetiska produkter är ett av dem. I kosmetika används exempelvis naturliga ämnen, sådana som förekommer i naturen och således kan brytas ned. Sedan finns syntetiska polymerer, sådana som syntetiseras och tillverkas av människor. Det finns oerhört många varianter av syntetiska polymerer som används inom kosmetika, generellt kan de kategoriseras i två grupper; mikroplaster och vattenlösliga polymerer. Med hjälp av Naturskyddsföreningens databas som innehåller hundratals kosmetikaingredienser, söktes de komponenter som hade ”poly” i sitt namn eftersom de inte täcks av lagstiftning. Bland dessa, valdes två mest förekommande polymerer för att studeras vidare, nämligen Nylon 12-20 (mikroplast) och Acrylates C/10-30 alkyl crosspolymer (vattenlöslig). En standardiserad analysmetod OECD 301 F tillämpades för att testa deras biologiska nedbrytbarhet. Resultatet från nedbrytbarhetstestet visade att ingen av polymertyperna, trots deras åtskiljande egenskaper, är lättnedbrytbar i vattenmiljöer. I följd av resultatet från analysen genomfördes en filtreringsanalys på KTH, för att avgöra om respektive polymer går att fånga upp i olika storlekar av mikrofilter. Resultatet visade att ingen av dem fångades upp (med den utrustning som var tillgänglig på KTH). Baserat på resultaten föreslås det att lagstiftningar som innefattar mikroplaster bör redigeras och revideras på ett sådant sätt att vattenlösliga polymerer är inkluderade i framtida förbud (mot mikroplaster). Utöver detta bör mer forskning ägnas åt vattenlösliga polymerer och deras påverkan på naturen.
Kibbe, Mackenzie R. "Factors Influencing the Relationship Between Instagram Use and Female Body Image Concern: An Extension of Objectification Theory." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu150048751624449.
BRUNO, MARIA ROBERTA. "Sustainable use and practical application in the industrial sector of permanent crops biomass: Orange tree (C. sinensis L.), Apricot tree (P. armeniaca L.) and Olive tree (O. europea L.)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi della Basilicata, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11563/149565.
Sung, Tzu-Hsuan. "Cosmétiques, beauté et genre en Chine. Une analyse de la presse et des publicités (Fin des Qing - 1930)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1039.
This study explores the related issues of cosmetics, the female body, and consumption in Chinese urban culture from the end of nineteenth century to 1930. I propose to examine the subjects as follows: the definition and the use of cosmetics, the difference between cosmetics and makeup products, shaping the culture of female consumption, and the discursive construction of the "beautiful body". The first chapter studies the transformation of the word “cosmetic”, from the traditional definition to its modern-day meaning. The participation of the media, notably the newspapers, will be introduced with the emergence of the Western-style pharmacy. The next two chapters address how cosmetics became an industry. This part will offer an explanation of how the consumer was created by the Chinese cosmetic companies. Finally, the last three chapters examine: 1) the concept of a woman’s (or women’s) beauty; 2) the concept of the beauty of women. How does this issue belong to women? And what kind of women are part of this reflection? By probing these questions, the difference between cosmetics and makeup products will be examined, and will reveal the extent of “women’s” participation. Today, the culture of using cosmetics is a manifestation of women’s common sense. Further, this study illustrates that the culture of “beauty” not only embraces a personal dimension, but also a national and international dimension
Guirimand, Nicolas. "Entre la réparation des corps mutilés et la correction des imperfections physiques : une chirurgie en quête de légitimité : Analyse sociohistorique de la construction de la chirurgie esthétique en France." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030165.
To analyze the construction of platic surgery, it is necessary to understand what conditions of possibility enabled this "futile" surgery to be practiced and to answer the question of what made operations on healthy bodies socially acceptable. Our work had to widen its object to the sociohistorical analysis of construction of the specialty using the matrix of aesthetic surgery : plastic surgery. Also, it was necessary for us to work on the history of the relation of cosmetic surgery to its matrix and on the fights of competition between plastics surgeons and aesthetics surgeons whose goal is the definition of the legitimate practice, on the basis of its contours, of its teaching and the construction of an esthetics market with its various components. Finally, the "futile" object became an analyzer of the transformations of the surgical space which makes it possible to observe the struggles and competitions between surgeons and doctors
沈恬嘉. "Millennial generation consumer groupsThe use of cosmetics brand behavior related investigations." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/djb599.
南臺科技大學
企業管理系
106
As generations have changed, the largest consumer group in the market has been transformed into the millennial of the twentieth century, trying to grasp the millennial understanding of patterns of consumer behavior,and many businesses are gradually changing their marketing model because the millennial consumer shopping behavior Therefore, this study aims to explore the lifestyle and purchase of millennials by taking the example of female makeup products in order to better understand their consumer behavior and meet their needs. Whether the amount is significant, and whether there is a significant correlation between life style and the source of information before purchasing beauty products, and using information sources to collect promotion and purchase amount as adjustment variables. To explore the adjustment of the three, respectively, the different ways of buying have an impact on the purchase amount. This study takes millennials from 17 to 37 years as the main research object. The questionnaire is accessed through google form. Through the LINE link North and South China suitable target customers, a total of 210 sets of questionnaires are issued. The valid samples are 210 and effective samples The recovery rate is 100%. This study mainly uses reliability analysis, construct validity analysis and hierarchical regression analysis to verify the hypothesis. The research results show that 1. The more emphasis on popular people, the higher the purchase amount. 2. More senior work for word of mouth (such as blogs, red net) more agree, it will be easier to accept advertising messages and relatives and friends recommended. 3. Free experience or through advertising content that millennial beauty product information will increase the purchase amount. 4. The Three Aspects of Information Sources The "beauty products" in "Free Product Experience," "Advertised Content," "Relatives and Friends," and "Promotions," will have an enhanced impact on the "purchase amount." 5. The three sources of information: "Free Product Experience", "Advertisment through Content," "Relatives and Friends" and "2000 plus 200" promotion methods have a very significant effect on the purchase amount. 6. In addition, it was found that "Gift Vouchers" in "Promotional Methods" will weaken the impact of advertising content in "Information Sources" on purchase amount.
"Factors influencing men's intention to use skincare products." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890955.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 37).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi
LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii
CHAPTER
Chapter I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.0 --- Overview --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Objectives of our study --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Research objective --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Decision making objective --- p.3
Chapter II --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK --- p.4
Chapter 2.0 --- Theory of Reasoned Action --- p.4
Chapter 2.1 --- Reason for choosing the Theory of Reasoned Action --- p.4
Chapter 2.2 --- What is the Theory of Reasoned Action? --- p.4
Chapter III --- METHODOLOGY --- p.8
Chapter 3.0 --- Methodology --- p.8
Chapter 3.1 --- Research design --- p.8
Chapter 3.2 --- Sample and sampling method for the main study --- p.8
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Sample --- p.8
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Sampling method for the descriptive research --- p.9
Chapter 3.3 --- Operationalizatoin --- p.9
Chapter 3.4 --- Data analysis --- p.11
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Analyzing consumption behavior --- p.11
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Testing the conceptual model --- p.11
Chapter 3.5 --- Research activities --- p.11
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Exploratory research --- p.11
Chapter 3.5.1.1 --- Literature review --- p.11
Chapter 3.5.1.2 --- Focus group --- p.11
Chapter 3.5.1.2.1 --- Sampling method --- p.12
Chapter 3.5.1.2.2 --- Sample --- p.12
Chapter 3.5.1.2.3 --- Research area --- p.12
Chapter 3.5.1.2.4 --- Pre-testing the instrument --- p.13
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Descriptive research --- p.13
Chapter 3.5.2.1 --- Description of the instrument --- p.13
Chapter 3.5.2.2 --- Procedure for administering the questionnaires --- p.14
Chapter 3.5.2.3 --- Analysis and interpretation of the responses --- p.14
Chapter IV --- RESULTS --- p.15
Chapter 4.0 --- Results --- p.15
Chapter 4.1 --- Consumption behavior --- p.15
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Men's classification of cosmetics items --- p.15
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Consumption behavior of cosmetics and toiletries --- p.16
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Year(s) of experience of using skincare products --- p.16
Chapter 4.1.4 --- Knowledge of brands that carry men's cosmetics --- p.17
Chapter 4.1.5 --- Relative importance of independent factors --- p.17
Chapter 4.1.6 --- Demographic description of the respondents --- p.18
Chapter 4.1.6.1 --- Jobs/ industries --- p.18
Chapter 4.1.6.2 --- Highest education level attained by respondents --- p.19
Chapter 4.1.6.3 --- Respondents' monthly income --- p.19
Chapter 4.1.6.4 --- Age distribution of the respondents --- p.19
Chapter 4.2 --- Path analysis --- p.19
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Reliability analysis --- p.20
Chapter 4.2.2 --- LISREL analysis --- p.21
Chapter 4.2.3 --- """Model 1"" of the conceptual model" --- p.22
Chapter V --- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.26
Chapter 5.0 --- Conclusion --- p.26
Chapter 5.1 --- Managerial implications --- p.26
Chapter 5.1.1 --- What to market --- p.26
Chapter 5.1.2 --- How much to price --- p.27
Chapter 5.1.3 --- How to market skincare products to men --- p.27
Chapter 5.1.4 --- Whom to target at --- p.28
Chapter 5.1.5 --- How to position skincare products --- p.29
Chapter 5.1.6 --- How to make your brand recognized --- p.29
Chapter 5.2 --- Limitations --- p.30
Chapter 5.2.1 --- External validity --- p.30
Chapter 5.2.1.1 --- Sampling bias --- p.30
Chapter 5.2.1.2 --- Sampling method --- p.31
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Limited scope --- p.31
Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- Specific definition of the research subject --- p.31
Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Lack of segmentation --- p.32
Chapter 5.2.2.3 --- Incomprehensive list of factors --- p.32
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Different administrative methods used --- p.33
Chapter 5.2.4 --- Maturation effect --- p.33
Chapter 5.2.5 --- Unanswered sections --- p.34
Chapter 5.2.6 --- Leading questions affecting validity --- p.34
Chapter 5.3 --- Suggestions for future research --- p.34
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Larger and more random sample --- p.34
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Wider scope --- p.34
APPENDIX --- p.36
Chapter 1 --- Population by age group and sex at the end of2001
Chapter 2 --- Sales of cosmetics and toiletries in the Asia-Pacific region by sector1998-2000
Chapter 3 --- Constructs of the conceptual model and statements usedin questionnaire
Chapter 4 --- Questions and answers for the focus group
Chapter 5 --- Research instrument - the questionnaire
Chapter 6 --- Percentage of respondents who consider the stated items as cosmetics
Chapter 7 --- Usage frequency of cosmetics and toiletries
Chapter 8 --- Year(s) of experience of using skincare products
Chapter 9 --- Knowledge of the brands which carry men's cosmetics
Chapter 10 --- Relative importance of factors affecting the use of skincare products
Chapter 11 --- Industries which respondents workin
Chapter 12 --- Highest education level attained by respondents
Chapter 13 --- Respondents' monthly income
Chapter 14 --- Respondents' age distribution
Chapter 15 --- Results from reliability analysis
Chapter 16 --- LISREL outputs
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.37
Lowe, Madeleine. "The use of science jargon in advertisements for anti-wrinkle skin creams." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147175.
Beattie, Angela. "Lead and other contaminants of two South Asian cosmetics : the use of Surma and Kajal among South Asian immigrants in Winnipeg." 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/7363.
Amador, Vanessa. "Luxury brands and the pressures to end their use of animal skin and animal testing." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/34883.
As recentes tendências éticas e de sustentabilidade nos negócios resultou em mudanças nas operações das empresas. Esta investigação tem como objetivo estudar as estratégias implementadas pelas marcas de luxo frente às pressões da sustentabilidade e da ética especificamente para o uso de peles e testes de animais. Essas práticas são frequentemente utilizadas nas indústrias de moda e cosméticos para desenvolver, fabricar e distribuir produtos. Para responder à pergunta da investigação, realizei um estudo de caso múltiplo em duas marcas de moda e duas de cosméticos de luxo. Os resultados da minha investigação indicam que, apesar das preocupações dos consumidores, as empresas reconhecem a crueldade contra os animais com 2 estratégias diferentes. Muitos implementam estratégias de apoio e promoção de bem-estar animal, mas outros se esquivam e tratam superficialmente do tema em estudo para evitar se envolver muito.
Moura, Ana Margarida Amaral Duarte de. "A Review on the Therapeutic Use of Topical Vitamin A Derivatives in Skin Aging." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/84402.
O impacto que o processo de envelhecimento tem sobre a aparência já é há muito conhecido. Daí que a pesquisa para encontrar a melhor solução anti-envelhecimento se revele uma viagem sem fim. No entanto, há um líder incontestável nesta procura: os retinóides tópicos. As evidências científicas disponíveis através de estudos clínicos randomizados provam que não só são eficazes em reparar danos solares, a um nível clínico e bioquímico, como também são eficazes na sua prevenção. Este tipo de efeitos não pode ser negligenciado, mesmo considerando a possível intensidade de reacções adversas que se podem sentir durante o tratamento. Isto forma uma das bases na qual a investigação com retinóides está a evoluir, garantindo o desenvolvimento futuro de agentes mais eficazes, estáveis e toleráveis, optimizando o tratamento do envelhecimento da pele. Adicionalmente, falarei da minha experiência durante os dois estágios que realizei na Farmácia Higiene de Esgueira e no Magium Farma. A sua descrição será feita na forma de uma análise SWOT, onde serão analisados os seguintes tópicos: Forças; Fraquezas; Oportunidades e Ameaças.No caso da Farmácia Higiene, a par da análise, será feita a descrição de dois casos clínicos pertinentes à experiência.Relativamente ao Magium Farma, foram incluídos exemplos dos trabalhos desenvolvidos durante o estágio, nos respectivos anexos.Concluindo, esta monografia fará uma descrição do trabalho que realizei nos últimos seis meses como aluna da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra.
The impact that the aging process has on one´s appearance has long been known. Hence, the search for the best antiaging solution has been a never-ending journey. However, there is one incontestable leader in this search: topical retinoids. The scientific evidence available through randomized clinical trials proves that not only they are efficacious in repairing the photodamage, at a clinical and biochemical level, as they are in its prevention. Such effects cannot be overlooked, even when considering the possible intensity of adverse effects that may be experienced during treatment. This forms one of the basis in which ongoing research concerning retinoids is evolving, ensuring the future development of more efficacious, stable and tolerable agents, and therefore optimizing the treatment of skin aging.Additionally, I will be speaking about my experience during the two internships that I enrolled in, namely in Pharmacy Higiene, in Esgueira, and in Magium Farma. The descriptions will be made in a SWOT analysis, where I will be analyzing the following topics: Strengths; Weaknesses; Opportunities and Threats.Regarding Pharmacy Higiene, along with the analysis, a description will also be made on two clinical cases important to the experience.When it comes to Magium Farma, a few examples of the work that I developed during this internship will be shown in the annex.Concluding, this dissertation will be describing the work that I developed during the last six months as a student in the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra.
Ibeh, Oluebube Sallty. "Physico-chemical and mineralogical characterisation of earthy materials indigenously used as cosmetics." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/922.
Department of Hydrology and Water Resources
Africa is endowed with various earthy materials, of which each community is uniquely identified. Inspite of the vast knowledge of western cosmetics, application of traditionally used cosmetics have been in existence and will be into practice from generation to generation, this is as a result of their various indigenous knowledge about traditional cosmetics. They are mostly applied during traditional rites and festive periods. Occasionally, earthy materials play a vital role in traditionally used cosmetics. Different reasons have been associated with the use of these earthy materials, they are: for skin cleansing, protection against ultra violet radiation, skin lightening, perfecting the distorted part of the skin and improving beauty. This study is focused on the physico-chemical, chemical and mineralogical characterisation of earthy materials indigenously used as cosmetics. This is achieved firstly by identifying the various earthy materials applied topically as well as their constituents. Samples for this study were obtained from six (6) different African countries namely: Botswana, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, South Africa and Swaziland and were subjected to the following analyses: Scanning Electron Microscope and Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy for the morphology and elemental analysis, hydrometer method for the determination of particle sizes of each sample and a texture Auto Lookup Software Package (TAL Version 4.2) for the classification of their various textures (%clay, %sand and %silt). The X-ray diffractometry was applied for the identification of their mineral phases (secondary, major and minor). The Brunauer Emmett and Teller (BET) method was used for the physisorption analysis and classifying them according to their isotherm types (Type I, II, III, IV, V and VI). The chemical analysis was achieved by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The result revealed that the morphology of the various representative samples varies, except CMR 1; 2, SCC 1; 2 and SLW 1; 2 which showed same structure and same elemental constituents, their resemblance indicated that they possess same geological formation. The XRF result indicated the presence of the following trace elements: Al, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, I, In, K, La, Lr, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, Nb, Os, P, Pb, Pd, Pr, Pt, Re, Rh, Ru, S, Sc, Se, Sb, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Tb, Th, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zr and Zn, were measured in ppm. For example, Fe – 66.47 (Qwa-Qwa), Al – 4.64 (Swaziland), Si – 6.26 (Democratic Republic of Congo), Ti – 3.75 (Qwa-Qwa) and so on. From the particle size distribution analysis, some samples were identified to be clay (BTS 1, BTS 2, NG 1, SCC 4, SCC 5, SCC 9, SCC 11, SCC 12, SWL 1 and SWL 2) with their particle sizes < 2μm, whereas other samples showed other properties which are > 2 μm. Ten minerals were identified in the clay fraction samples: albite, goethite, halloysite, hematite, kaolinite (kaolinite-1Md, kaolinite 1) Mica (muscovite), sulphur, talc, chalcanthite and whewellite. The BET method vii for physical adsorption revealed that BTS 1, BTS 2, CMR 1, CMR 2, DRC A, DRC B, NG 1, NG 2, SWL 1, SWL 2, SCC 1, SCC 4, SCC 5, SCC 8, SCC 9, SCC 11 and SCC 12 countries possess Type II isotherm whereas samples from SCC 2, SCC 6, SCC 7 and SCC 10 had Type III isotherm. The physisorption analysis result also determined the various surface areas and porosity of each representative samples.
Fang, Hsiu-Jung, and 方秀蓉. "Safety Testing of Chinese Herbs used in Cosmetics." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07409511944031254423.
靜宜大學
應用化學研究所
89
Cosmetics are applied to moisturize skin and hair, stimulate smell,deodorize, and enhance normal appearance. Since cosmetics are applied on human skin, they should not contain any ingredients that may cause adverse health effects. Chinese herbs are common ingredients in cosmetics. Thus, the evaluation of safety for the usage of Chinese herbs as the ingredients in the cosmetics formulation is necessary and plays an important role. Both the aqueous and the ethanol extracts of fifteen Chinese herbs will investigate for the evaluation of safety. These fifteen Chinese herbs are:Angelicae dahuricae, Poria cocos, Bletilla striata, Armeniaca mandshurica,Angelicae sinensis, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Panax ginseng, Santalum album,Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Polygonum multiflorum, Asparagus cochinchinensis,Ophiopogon japonicus, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Hedysarum mongholicum. The Draize test and its modifications were used to identify irritants in this study. The test subjects were rabbits and white rats. The rabbit skin test results showed that only the 50% alcohol solutions containing Angelica sinensis and Lithospermum erythrorhizon had mild irritation, while no reactions were found with other solutions. The eyes of the rabbits had no reaction to all fifteen herbs while performing the low-volume eye irritation test. The acute toxicity test showed that within dose of 10000 mg/kg, all fifteen herbs had no significant toxicity reaction.
Huang, Ting-wan, and 黃婷婉. "Studies on Chinese herbal medicine used in whitening cosmetics." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91192987450463845798.
嘉南藥理科技大學
化妝品科技研究所
98
According to the previous dowments, many Chinese herbs are with skin thera peutic benefits. In recent years, the cosmetic products with Chinese herbs active ingredients have been a kind of tendency. Because Asiaw attach importance to skin whitening, whitening cosmetic products have a lot of requirement in ASIA market. This experiment used many kinds of Chinese medicinal herb, including Momordica charantia L., Nelumbo nucifera G., Nymphaea lotus L., Angelica sinensis D., Salvia miltiorrhiza B. etc.. We evaluated the extraction by antioxidation test, inhibition tyrosinase activity assay, MTT assay and so on. Next step, we chose the strong activty of extraction to add in whitening cosmetics. We evaluated the whitening cosmetic by in vivo. On the anti-oxidation tests, ABTS free radical scavenging ability of Nymphaea lotus L. showed SC50 was 0.0025 mg/mL, its better than Trolox. DPPH free radical scavenging ability showed the SC50 of Nymphaea lotus L. was 0.0067 mg/mL, and the SC50 of Trolox was 0.0045 mg/mL. Inhibition tyrosinase activity assay, the IC50 of Nymphaea lotus L. and Nelumbo nucifera G. mixture was 0.11 mg/mL. And the results show that add Vit C and Morus alba L. appropriately, can increase inhibition tyrosinase acitivity of Nelumbo nucifera G., Namely, whitening compound herbal extracts for inhibition tyrosinase activity, are better than the original single-whitening herbal extracts inhibit the effect more good. Apply the Chinese medicinal herb with whitening activity on the emulsion formula to perform skin nature appraisal and the skin chromatic aberration appraisal. Finally it demonstrated that the whitening can improve whitening effect. The emulsion B (active constituent increase Nymphaea lotus L, Nelumbo nucifera G.), not only had whitening effect but also color spot, the pore, the primary purple nature, the ultraviolet ray color spot can keep improvement after overall skin inspection . In the future, the Chinese medicine herb will have well develop in whitening and Multiple - effects cosmetic products.
Jhang, Ciouyun, and 張秋筠. "The Study of Chitosan Used for Bacteriostatin in Cosmetics." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59364802078550872269.
中華醫事科技大學
生物醫學研究所
100
Purpose of this study was to investigate chitosan in cosmetics in the antimicrobial activity, respectively, at different concentrations and different molecular weight and pH were measured inhibitory effect, filter out the best inhibitory concentration and pH, and the cell survival rate test, cytotoxicity test, heavy metal testing and microbiological testing and other tests. Experimental use of sample to chitosan is mainly because of its better solubility than chitin. Chitosan non-toxic and biocompatible with Biodegradable, environmentally friendly polymer materials. In this study, we used three different molecular weight chitosan, the chitosan (MW:100,000~200,000 datons) were prepared as 0.5% (pH 3.2 and pH 5.6)、1% (pH3.3 and pH5.7) and 1.5% (pH5.7) chitosan (MW:100,000~300,000 datons) concentration of the preparation of 0.5% (pH 5.7), 1% (pH 5.7) and 2% (pH3.4) chitosan (MW:200,000~400,000 datons) concentration of the preparation into 1% (pH 5.7), and lactic acid as the solvent, the degradation of chitosan molecular weight, to improve the dissolution properties of chitosan the antibacterial agents antibacterial test analysis, experimental data and found that chitosan (MW:100,000~200,000 datons) at a concentration of 0.5% and the pH value of 5.6, that for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus all have antibacterial effects, the chitosan and chitosan (MW:200,000~400,000 datons) the inhibitory effect of poor; the same time, the concentration of 0.5%(pH5.6), 1%(pH5.7) chitosan (MW:100,000~200,000 datons) and a concentration of 1% (pH 5.7) of the chitin polymer sugar and lactic acid (control group) and a common antibacterial agent of cosmetics for cell survival and cell toxicity test, experimental results showed that lactic acid (control group) and common cosmetics and antibacterial agent with a cytotoxic cell-free survival, and different concentrations of chitosan on cell survival (MTT) and do not have good cytotoxicity (LDH). The concentration of 1.5%, pH 5.7 chitosan (MW:100,000~200,000 datons) for heavy metals testing, test data results for the ND, namely, that chitosan does not contain heavy metals. In addition, the preparation of a concentration of 1%, pH 5.6 and 0.5%, pH 5.6 and 1.5%, pH 5.7 chitosan for microbiological testing, results showed that chitosan on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and total plate count detection is ND, namely, that the study sample dose not contain the above strains (that is not detected).
Reis, Mariana Guerreiro Pereira Dos. "Communication strategies used to promote the made in Portugal in cosmetics." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/132386.
Chen, Hsuanting, and 陳瑄廷. "The Study of Chinese Herbs Used for Sun Protection in Cosmetics." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32103516031888852044.
中華醫事科技大學
生物醫學研究所
100
This research investigates herb extracts as a potential sun screen ingredient in cosmetics. As cited in this experiment twenty herbs were tested for their sun protection and whitening factor as well as their anti-oxidizing properties. Pine bark, scutellaria, and turmeric extract showed viable results in ultraviolet ray absorption, in particular pine bark extract showed the most significant viability in spectrum absorption spectroscopy (spectrophotometer or spectrometer). By testing of MTT assay kit (MTT) and Cytotoxic Assay (LDH) in different concentrations of the pine bark extract, it was found that the cells in the epidermis (HS-68) had the highest survival rate and lowest toxicity levels in 3% concentration pine bark extract. Adding the same concentration of the extract into emulsion to test out its sun protection factor consequently yielded a SPF 8.81. The experimentation resulted in a practical application of the extract in the cosmetic formula. Assessment of in vitro tests revealed a differentiation in outcome, the results do show the pine bark extract can be used as cosmetic sunscreen.
Hsu, Chih-Sheng, and 徐志昇. "Chinese herbal medicine extracts for development of ingredients used in antiaging cosmetics." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27557053687997458916.
嘉南藥理科技大學
化妝品科技研究所
98
Previous studies reported that the matrix metalloproteinases (matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs) play an important role both in addition to the maintenance of normal physiological function and the pathogenesis of many diseases. Because MMPs can be broken down collagen, elastin and other extracellular matrix, they may be involved in the process of skin aging. In this study, we selected the alcohol extracts from thirty-four kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, and analyzed MMPs activity secerted from mouse 3T3 fibroblasts by gelatin-based zymography. We found that the alcohol extracts of Panax ginseng、Angelica sinensis、Spilanthes acmella、Cucurbita moschata could inhibit the activity of MMP-2 significantly, and the alcohol extracts of Aquilaria malaccensis、Androraphis paniculata decreased the activity of MMP-9 significantly. Because MMP-2 is able to damage collagens Ⅰ and Ⅲ, and MMP-9 can destory collagen IV, we consider that the alcohol extract of P. ginseng, A. sinensis, S. acmella, C. moschata, A. malaccensis, A. paniculata have intensive anti-aging effects and they can be applied in anti-aging skin care products. On the other hand, we found that alcohol extracts of 14 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines (Arctium lappa, Aquilaria malaccensis, Nelumbo nucifera, Andrographis paniculata, Aenthum graveolens、Nelumbo nucifera, Lonicera japonica, Agrimonia pilosa, Tribulus ierrestris, Crataegus pinnatifida, Ginkgo biloba, Lilium lancifolium, Diospyros kali, Hedyotis diffusa) were tested by MTT assay and the results showed the phenomenon of cell proliferation. These Chinese herbal medicine extracts can be used in cosmetics for cell activation.
Wen, Pei-yu, and 溫佩諭. "The permeability study of commonly used preservatives in cosmetics against film-type packaging materials." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25kptk.
嘉南藥理科技大學
化妝品科技研究所
100
In this study, ultraviolet - visible absorption spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection were used to investigate the permeability of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenoxyethanol, methyl isothiazolinone, dimethylol-dimethylhydantoinc, imidazolidinyl urea and two commerical composite preservatives through thin film of plastic packaging materials, such as polyethylene (PE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) or non-oriented casting polypropylene (CPP) In ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, the absorption behavior of preservatives in the wavelength range of UV radiation(200-400nm) were first measured and the detection limit and quantification limit were calculated from the concentration and absorbance relationship at maximum absorption wavelength of respected preservatives. In high performance liquid chromatography, the influence of components and pH of the mobile phase on the chromatogram were studied to determine the optimum chromatographic condition. The detection limit and quantification limit of high performance liquid chromatographic method were also calculated. The above methods with the use of Franz cell were applied to study the permeability of preservatives through thin plastic film of packaging materials for cosmetics, The results showed that, ultraviolet absorption spectrometry shows higher sensitivity than high performance liquid chromatographic method, but it is not possible to resolve the absorption of individual component in a mixture. However, ultraviolet absorption spectrometry is still a better method to study the interation of a single preservative and thin plastic film. In the results of preservatives permeability through PE film from ultraviolet absorption spectrometry, methyl isothiazolinone shows much higher permeation rate than other preservatives and Imidazolidinyl Urea shows the least. However, phenoxyethanol shows the highest permeation rate in the study of the prentration behavior of mixed preservatives and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and the permeration rate of p-hydroxybenzoate esters were inverse proporational to the molecular size of the preservatives. Therefore, whether the permeability of preservative is changed after mixed is worth furth study. Compared the permeability of a single preservative through other plastic films, methyl isobutyl thiazolinone shows highest permeability through the CPP film and most of all test preservatives shows lower permeability through LLDPE film. Therefore, it is suggested that LLDPE film has better barrier effect for preservatives. It is concluded that this study provides informations on the permeability of preservative through plastic film, These informations could be an important reference when choosing the appropriate packaging material for cosmetics. But the penetration behavior of mixed preservatived is worth furth study.
SU, YA-CHING, and 蘇雅菁. "Construction of Medical Cosmetic User Experience-Sharing Platform to Improve Customer Satisfaction." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28jms3.
亞洲大學
經營管理學系
105
With the progress of the times, people gradually improve the definition of the pursuit of beauty that leading to the rise of the medical market. The atmosphere through different sources of information and the growing channels of communication, consumer acceptance is also increasing. However, the risk and commitment is the top priority elements when consumers face the services of the medical cosmetic. Based on the experience-sharing platform of the medical users, this study based on the business intelligence and the UNISON decision-making analysis framework to construct the medical cosmetic user experience-sharing platform to improve customer satisfaction. The business intelligence gathers, stores, analyzes and calculates the relevant user data, and then uses the type of user's demand. The results are presented to the user, manager or knowledge worker, for business to take effective action to improve the business performance or to help them make better decisions; and decision analysis framework . The proposed framework consists (1) understand the problem , (2) defining a niche, (3) structure influence, (4) objective description, (5) subjective measurement, (6) and the decision the needs of the medical cosmetic. This study collect the empathy and perspective of the user experience in the user's perspective, and then introduce the medical user experience sharing platform. This study introduced the background information, the user feedback information and then follow-up analysis to understand the user's preferences and feelings the consumer for this non-invasive cosmetic way. The information provides ways to improve asymmetry problems and enhance customer satisfaction. The result provides ways to market research to explore business opportunities in the medical cosmetic industry.
LIN, TZ-LI, and 林子禮. "Preparation and Optimization of Niosomes Containing Cholesterol Used as Cosmetic Delivery System." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00605008662809639835.
靜宜大學
化粧品科學系
105
Delaying performance, increasing the percutaneous absorption of active ingredients, enhancing their bioavailability, have been the goals of cosmetic science. Niosomes have shown promise as cheap and chemically stable drug delivery systems, while less publications were foundusedas cosmetic delivery system. Non-ionic surfactants are commonly used in cosmetic due to the benefits of non-toxic, biodegradable, more stable as well as cost effective. They can form niosomes via sonication and exhibit the bilayer structure as found in liposomes, which allows niosomes can serveas stable alternatives to liposomes. In this study, niosomes were prepared from uncharged single-chain surfactant and cholesterol. A non-ionic surfactant, namely Span 60,was used to form a closed bilayer vesicle in aqueous media based on its amphiphilic nature using sonication to form this structure where the active compounds were enclosed.The results showed thatthe optimal composition of Span 60 and cholesterol was 6 to 4 in weight ratio.The particle size of the vesicleswith the active ingredient wasin the range of 150~180 nm. The PDI value was less than 0.3. A higher encapsulation efficiency can be obtained when incorporating higher amount of active compound, namely adding 0.05g of active compound, while higher drug loading was obtained when 0.1g of active compound was incorporated.Therefore, the optimal ratio of the noisome formulation when incorporating active compound was 0.06, 0.04, 0.1 and 9.9 g for Span 60, cholesterol, active ingredient and water with 20 min of sonication, respectively.
Yang, Li-Wei, and 楊麗微. "Study on the Antibacterial Interaction of Herbal Extracts and Commonly Used Acid-based Compounds in Cosmetics." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58836167414579344767.
中原大學
生物醫學工程研究所
104
Artificial antibacterial agents (such as Methyl Peraben(M.P.) and Propyl Paraben(P.P.)) were important factor in causing skin allergies and skin irritation. Therefore, searching for alternatives and decreases of the artificial antibacterial agents have become a major issue in cosmetics industry. The interactions between antibiotic medicines and plant components have already been investigated by domestic and foreign scholars. Nonetheless, there isn’t relevant reports that relative to interactions between artificial agents in cosmetics and the extracts of Chinese herbal. This study evaluates the in-vitro interactions (synergism, addition effect, antagonism ) between methanol extracts of Pogostemon cablin, Almond acid and two kinds of common ingredients used in cosmetics, against Escherichia coli and Propionibacterium acne. The results of this study were expected that as a reference of type and that dose for adding antibacterial agents in cosmetics and Chinese herbals in order to reduce damage to human skin. In this study, we extracted Pogostemon cablin with methanol, then practiced respectively the alone and one-on-one combined Antibacterial Susceptibility Testing (AST) of four kinds of reagents (Pogostemon cablin, almond acid, M.P. and P.P.) of vary concentrations (0.1 %, 1.0 %, 2.0 % and so on) with the Disk-diffusion method, and at last assessed the interactions between these four reagents with the Combination Index (CI). The results of this study showed that Pogostemon cablin possessed good synergism or addition effects when it was combined respectively with Almond acid, M.P. and P.P.. This means that the formula amounts of M.P. and P.P. can be reduced and substituted by the increased using of Pogostemon cablin extracts and Almond acid in cosmetics, and the overall antibacterial ability of cosmetics could still be able to maintain. In addition to assess for anti-pimples of cosmetics in dose study that Almond acid which is commonly used could be replaced by adding more ingredients of Pogostemon cablin, and the best combination formula is 1.0 % Pogostemon cablin to 0.1 % Almond acid. As for the components of combined artificial antibacterial agents, M.P. and P.P., this study indicated that there is obvious antibacterial synergism while combining these two artificial antibacterial agents. Thus, even without the addition of Chinese herbal extracts; the original amount of M.P. and P.P. can be moderately reduced.
Hu, Keng-ming, and 胡耿銘. "The properties of carbon paste electrode used for transdermal absorption studies of active ingredient in cosmetics." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92024301255374218156.
嘉南藥理科技大學
化妝品科技研究所
96
The ultimate purpose of this research is to develop a on-line electrochemical analysis system used for in-situ transdermal absorption studied for cosmetics. The manufacturing and performance analysis of electrode which is the key component in electrochemical analysis are the main scope in this study. Compared to platinum electrode, the cost of materials used for fabricating carbon electrode is much lower. Therefore, this study is focused on the manufacturing process and performance analysis of carbon electrode. The effect of conductive carbon content on the activity of electrode was studied. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS) was used to characterize the electrode. Cyclic Voltammetry(CV) was used to analysis the response of the electrode to K3[Fe(CN)6] and vitamin C and its derivatives which are the common active ingredient of in cosmetics. The effect of supporting electrolyte’s concentration on response current was also studied. The polarization resistance and capacity of the carbon electrode obtained from electrochemical impedance analysis show good reproducibility. The response of self-made carbon electrode to K3[Fe(CN)6] shows well redox behavior and the responses to ascorbic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glucoside show competent linear relation to the concentration of the analyte in the range of 5.0x10-2~1.0x10-4 M with correlation coefficient higher than 0.9988. Furthermore, the response of carbon electrode to ascorbic acid has the highest sensitivity than it to ascorbyl glucoside and the response to magnesium ascorbyl phosphate got the lowest sensitivity among these three vitamin C related substances. In summary, the self-made carbon electrode in this study shows good stability and competent reproducible response to analyte. The applicable concentration range for active ingredient in cosmetics can be established by analyzing the linear relation and sensitivity of the response to the analyte. It is promising that there are great potential for the utilization of this electrode in the developing of on-line electrochemical in-situ transdermal absorption analysis system. The test and research result found the carbon electrode of manufacture, make use of the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy method to get characteristic parameters, such as...etc, representability the carbon electrode of manufacture have fairly good and stability. And analysis result of Cyclic Voltammetry method have rather consistent and stability at different contained respondence of redox.As for analyze the often used active ingredient - vitamin C and its derivatives, we found concentrations of within the scope of, its respond of value of line relationship factor,all reaches 0.9988 above, simultaneously at vitamin C, vitamin C phosphoric acid magnesium and the vitamin C glucose between the vitamin C have the highest sensitivity,vitamin C glucose secondly, the vitamin C phosphoric acid magnesium lowest. Summary above result, this research of the carbon electrode have an equal, moreover analysis respondence of redox with fairly good reproducibility and stability,to utilize the electrode analyze sensitivity of samples and line relation of samples respond that we can build up a scope of detected with electrode application in the active ingredient,therefore applies this electrode establishment electrochemical the on-line and in-situ absorbed system through the skin that should have a good development potential.
Chen, Shao-Chen, and 陳少榛. "A Study on the Influence Factors of Social Community Users\' Trust and Use Intention:Example of Cosmetic Social Community." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u4t5j6.
國立東華大學
企業管理學系
107
Since customers nowadays often rely on products’ reputation or word of mouth, sources for such information can be rather crucial. Traditionally, their tips on which cosmetics products to buy often came from blogs, but now they tend to turn to Cosmetic Social Community. Past research on the combination of Technology Acceptance Model and Informational System Success Model and on Cosmetic Social Community have been rather scare. So this research project is meant to examine impact of Information Quality, System Quality and Service Quality on Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Trust in members, Trust in the website, Attitude Toward Use and Use Intention. The researcher had people who had once had Cosmetic Social Community at their sources of information. 1056 questionnaires were given out and the researcher ran a Structural Equation Modeling analysis with 938 completed, valid questionnaires. The findings may be concluded as such: (1) The better uers’ conceived Information Quality of the site, the higher the Perceived Usefulness (2) the better uers’ conceived Information Quality of the site, the better the trust in its members (3) the better uers’ conceived website System Quality, the higher the Perceived Usefulness (4) the better the conceived System Quality, the higher the Perceived Ease of Use (5) the better the conceived website System Quality, the better the trust in the site (6) the better the Service Quality, the higher the Perceived Usefulness (7) the better the Service Quality, the more trust in the site (8) the higher the Perceived Usefulness, the better the trust in the members (9) the better the Perceived Usefulness, the better the trust in the site (10) the higher the Perceived Usefulness, the more positive the overall ratings (11) the higher the Perceived Ease of Use, the better the Perceived Usefulness (12) the higher the Perceived Ease of Use, the higher the overall ratings (13) the better trust in the members, the better the ratings (14) the more trust in the site, the higher the overall ratings (15) the better overall ratings a customer gives, the more willing he/she may to use the site
Raust, Jacques-Antoine. "Development of multidimensional Chromatography for complex (METH)Acrylate-based Copolymers used in cosmetic Applications." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/1223/2/PhD_thesis_Raust.pdf.
Wang, Yuan-Ta, and 王圓達. "Clinical Evaluation of the Properties of Commonly Used Antioxidants in Cosmetics by Detecting the Level of Carbonyl Group in Human Stratum Corneum." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35185772308913838709.
美和技術學院
健康與生技產業研究所
98
Photoaging is known to be correlated with different kinds of oxidative stress. The extent of protein oxidation could be used as a biomarker for oxidative stress. An in vivo method for evaluating the anti-oxidative properties of compounds based on a simple immunoanalysis protocol to detect the extent of protein oxidation of stratum corneum by measuring the level of exposed carbonyl group on the proteins. The application of this method was used for evaluating the properties of various anti-oxidants in cosmetic formulations. Eight commonly used anti-oxidants in cosmetic formulation and one combination of anti-oxidants have been evaluated. The results indicated that pure vitamin E and vitamin C showed the best anti-oxidative capabilities. They could reduce the level of exposed carbonyl group by 90 %. Vitamin E-acetate and lipoic acid fall behind with 50~60% reduction, and ferulic acid with 22% reduction. Vitamin C-palmitate and AA2G showed poor performance. Glutathione increased the level of carbonyl group by 38 %. In the study of combination of anti-oxidants, vitamin E-acetate and lipoic acid showed synergistic effect. Our Study also indicated that vitamin C-palmitate and AA2G showed significant capability for scavenging DPPH; however, they did not perform well for reducing the level of exposed carbonyl group in vivo. Vitamin E-acetate and Lipoic acid showed no DPPH scavenging capabilities. On the other hand, they showed capability for reducing the level of exposed carbonyl group. It is very likely that vitamin E-acetate could be converted to vitamin E in stratum corneum based on a time course study of vitamin E-acetate.
Raust, Jacques-Antoine [Verfasser]. "Development of multidimensional chromatography for complex (meth)acrylate-based copolymers used in cosmetic applications / vorgelegt von Jacques-Antoine Raust." 2008. http://d-nb.info/993935540/34.
yen, hsu ling, and 許菱晏. "A study of the natural products for whitening cosmetical use-the inhibitory effect of pomegranate extracts on tyrosinase activity and acne pathogens." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83805185125278044918.
亞洲大學
生物科技學系碩士班
95
There are three main goals in our study. The first is screening the source of the Tyrosinase inhibitor. The materials included Auricularia polytricha、 Antrodia sp.、Monascus sp.、leaves of Citrus grandis、Pomegranate、leaves of Avocado、Black sesame、leaves of Calamondin、peel of Pitaya、and Lycium seed oil. The result of the first part of experiment indicated that pomegranate extracts showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The second is exploring the extraction conditions of Pomegranate including temperature, extract solvents, extract time and inhibition of tyrosinase by extract concentrations. The results indicated that the extracts of Pomegranate peel could reach the best inhibition effect at 90℃(86%) from the temperature ranges via ambient temperature to 90℃; however, the extracts of Pomegranate seeds showed the best inhibition at 80℃(56%) from the same temperature range. Different combinations between extraction solvents (i.e., water, ethanol, methanol, hexane, and ethyl acetate) and testing materials exhibited different extraction efficiency in terms of inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity. For instance, the extract of pomegranate peel showed better inhibition effect in the solvents of water, ethanol and methanol. The extract of pomegranate seeds exert better inhibition in the 3 solvent of water. In terms of durance of extraction from 15 minutes to 5 hours, two hours was the best for pomegranate peels to show best inhibitory effect; while in the case of pomegranate seeds, it was 1 hour (55%). In order to determine threshold amount of material, which could have best performance in the tyrosinase inhibition, the amount of testing materials was set at 10 to 100mg per milliliter. In the case of pomegranate peels and seeds, 50mg/ml was the best quantity for extraction. The third is to evaluate the potential inhibition effect of pomegranate on the acne pathogens. The results indicated that water and ethanol extracts exhibited certain antibiotic activativities on Staphylococcus aureus; while water、ethanol and methanol extracts had better antibiotic response to Propionibacterium acnes.a
Lee, ChingPei, and 李經蓓. "The Study on the Research and Development of Proper Cosmetic Products Designed for the Training Use in the Departments of Cosmetology of the Taiwanese Vocational High Schools." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89383498912175500969.
國立交通大學
高階主管管理碩士學程
100
The cosmetic industry of Taiwan is very mature now and the education of cosmetology has responded to the market demand indefatigably. For over three-decade’s development there are more than 140 departments of Cosmetology in the vocational high schools and more than 65 colleges and universities offer cosmetology courses all over this island. This paper majorly studies the way of how to match the skill gap between the school and the beauty salon thru the cooperative training offered by the industry. How to train the students to meet the need and requirement of the cosmetic industry is the purpose of this study as well. For the time being the service of cosmetology has become more and more diverse and versatile. The major specialty includes hairstyling, skin care, cosmetics, manicures/pedicures, sauna, spa, aromatherapy, bridal modeling, wedding planning, health therapy, and others. However, the skill that the students learned from cosmetology schools never can satisfy what the employers really want. It is found in many researches and analyses that the discrepancy in the criterions made by the industry, authority, and academy really exists and unfortunately becomes a problem. Via literature review, questionnaire survey, scientific analysis, and validation with research assumptions this study proposes the corporation plan for the cosmetic industry to develop the proper cosmetic products for the training use in the cosmetology schools. It has found that if the industry is willing to produce the right products for training and practical exam in order to promote the technical communication and help cosmetology licensing to meet the market requirement there will be a win-win situation in the future. Not only the consumers will pay respect and appreciation to the community of cosmetology, but also the industry will get the good employee and practical training they need. Key Words: Cosmetic Industry, Cosmetology Licensing, Education of Cosmetology
Su, Yueh-Jing, and 蘇月鏡. "A study on the Difference of Customers Characteristics Between Life Style and Cosmetic-Used Behavior – A Case on Tung Fung Design Institute’s Students." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9xfutr.
東方設計學院
時尚美妝設計系
105
The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the life style and the cosmetic-used behavior of young people. A questionnaire was taken with 183 of students of Tung Fang Design Institute, which located at southern Taiwan. The validity of questionnaire was reviewed by expert. Cronbach’s α was used for the analysis of the questionnaire. The study included three major aspects, which were activities (A), interests (I), and opinions (O). The AIO was further analyzed to 11 aspects, which were popular trend, brand trend, outdoor trend, online shopping trend, desire trend, leisure trend, entertainment trend, fashion trend, health care trend, desire for beauty trend, and appearance trend aspects. The results showed that the variance of the activity aspect was 60.5%. The popular trend, brand trend, and outdoor trend aspects were found to have 0.784 of Cronbach’s α, which showed acceptable of internal consistency. For popular trend, the students of Department of Fashion and Cosmetolog Design (DFCD) showed significantly than that of Department of Tourism and Leisure Management (DTLM), the students of Departmnet of Food & Beverage Managemnt (DFBM) showed significantly than that of DTLM, and the students of DFBM showed significantly than that of Department of Design Marketing (DDM). For brand trend, female showed significantly than male. For outdoor trend, working students showed significantly than that of not. The variance of the interest aspect was 65.255%. The online shopping trend, desire trend, leisure trend and entertainment trend aspects were found to have 0.750 of Cronbach’s α, which showed acceptable of internal consistency. For online shopping trend, the students of DFCD showed significantly than that of DFBM and female showed significantly than male. For desire trend, the students of DFBM showed significantly than that of DFCD, DTLM, and DDM, male showed significantly than female, diploma students showed significantly than degree students, and working students showed significantly than that of not. The variance of the opinion aspect was 71.378%. The fashion trend, health care trend, desire for beauty trend, and appearance trend aspects were found to have 0.775 of Cronbach’s α, which showed acceptable of internal consistency. For fashion trend, female showed significantly than male. For health care trend, the students of DFCD showed significantly than that of DFBM, the students of DDM showed significantly than that of DFBM and DTLM. For desire for beauty trend, male showed significantly than female, working students showed significantly than that of not, and the students of DFBM showed significantly than that of DFCD, DTLM and DDM. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Life style,Cosmetics ,Cosmetic-used behavior, AIO(Activities,Interests,Oponions)。
LIU, FANG-FEI, and 劉芳菲. "A Study of the Impact of Source Type and User Comments of Cosmetic Website on Website Trust, Purchase Intention and Willingness to Share." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56ur5f.
輔仁大學
大眾傳播學研究所碩士班
106
With the booming development of Web2.0 user-generated content, the e-commerce industry has undergone a tremendous transformation. In the past, the use of user-made content in business domain was mostly a marketing method. Besides, most research of user-generated content are case studies by methods of social investigation, and the consideration was slightly insufficient. This research adopts laboratory experimentation, focusing on female consumers. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of different source types of the product information in the cosmetic shopping website (agent-generated content/user-generated content), and whether there is a purchase comment section in the website on consumers’ website trust, purchase intention and willingness to share. Taking 123 female students of Fu Jen Catholic University as the experimental sample. The results of this study are expected to complement academic research on content source types and online user comments. At the same time, it provides a decision-making reference for e-commerce business owners or website practitioners of how to applicate user-generated content and usercomments on the website to attract, further more, retain customers. The results also provide the advice on prioritizing the strategies at different stages of website development.