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Journal articles on the topic 'Corynebacterium'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Mangutov, E. O., Galina Georgievna Kharseeva, and E. L. Alutina. "Corynebacterium spp. – problematic pathogens of the human respiratory tract (review of literature)." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-8-502-508.

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Corynebacterium spp. - representatives of the normal microflora of the human body, but their role in the development of diseases in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients is known. Corynebacterim spp. (C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. striatum, C. amycolatum, C. accolens, C. argentoratense, etc.) is associated with diseases of the respiratory tract: tracheitis, pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, etc. They can be transmitted by airborne droplets, household contact, and possibly by hematogenic pathways. Corynebacterim spp. toxins do not produce, but are capable of adhesion and invasion, biofilm formation, production of neuraminidase, hyaluronidase, and hemolysin. It is necessary to take into account not so much the species, but the strain affiliation of isolates of Corynebacterium spp., since among the representatives of one species of non-diphtheria corynebacteria (for example, C. pseudodiphtheriticum), colonizing the respiratory tract, there may be strains that can exhibit not only pathogenic properties, but also probiotic activity. Microbiological diagnostics is based on their quantitative determination in biological material, phenotypic (culture study, test systems for biochemical identification, Vitek 2 automated systems) and genotypic (16SpRNA gene sequencing and rpoB) methods. It is possible to use mass spectrometric analysis (MALDI-ToF-MS). The greatest activity against Corynebacterium spp. in vitro studies preserve vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid. Successful therapy with at least two of the following antimicrobial agents (AMP) has been reported: vancomycin, rifampicin, linezolid, and daptomycin. The sensitivity of isolates of Corynebacterium spp. to AMP is not related to the species, but is due to strain differences, and therefore it is necessary to test each isolated strain. Continuous monitoring of the sensitivity of Corynebacterium spp. strains to AMP is necessary due to the observed variability of these traits. Of particular importance is the identification of multidrug-resistant isolates that are currently considered highly pathogenic. When compiling the review, the databases Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RSCI were used.
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2

Burkovski, Andreas. "Proteomics of Toxigenic Corynebacteria." Proteomes 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proteomes12010002.

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Within the genus Corynebacterium, six species are potential carriers of the tox gene, which encodes the highly potent diphtheria exotoxin: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium belfantii, Corynebacterium rouxii, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Corynebacterium silvaticum. Based on their potential to infect different host species and cause either human infections, zoonotic diseases or infections of economically important animals, these bacteria are of high scientific and economic interest and different research groups have carried out proteome analyses. These showed that especially the combination of MS-based proteomics with bioinformatic tools helped significantly to elucidate the functional aspects of corynebacterial genomes and to handle the genome and proteome complexity. The combination of proteomic and bioinformatic approaches was also used to discover new vaccine and drug targets. In addition, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry has been established as a fast and precise tool for the identification of these bacteria.
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3

Tauch, Andreas, Olaf Kaiser, Torsten Hain, Alexander Goesmann, Bernd Weisshaar, Andreas Albersmeier, Thomas Bekel, et al. "Complete Genome Sequence and Analysis of the Multiresistant Nosocomial Pathogen Corynebacterium jeikeium K411, a Lipid-Requiring Bacterium of the Human Skin Flora." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 13 (July 1, 2005): 4671–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.13.4671-4682.2005.

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ABSTRACT Corynebacterium jeikeium is a “lipophilic” and multidrug-resistant bacterial species of the human skin flora that has been recognized with increasing frequency as a serious nosocomial pathogen. Here we report the genome sequence of the clinical isolate C. jeikeium K411, which was initially recovered from the axilla of a bone marrow transplant patient. The genome of C. jeikeium K411 consists of a circular chromosome of 2,462,499 bp and the 14,323-bp bacteriocin-producing plasmid pKW4. The chromosome of C. jeikeium K411 contains 2,104 predicted coding sequences, 52% of which were considered to be orthologous with genes in the Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium efficiens, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae genomes. These genes apparently represent the chromosomal backbone that is conserved between the four corynebacteria. Among the genes that lack an ortholog in the known corynebacterial genomes, many are located close to transposable elements or revealed an atypical G+C content, indicating that horizontal gene transfer played an important role in the acquisition of genes involved in iron and manganese homeostasis, in multidrug resistance, in bacterium-host interaction, and in virulence. Metabolic analyses of the genome sequence indicated that the “lipophilic” phenotype of C. jeikeium most likely originates from the absence of fatty acid synthase and thus represents a fatty acid auxotrophy. Accordingly, both the complete gene repertoire and the deduced lifestyle of C. jeikeium K411 largely reflect the strict dependence of growth on the presence of exogenous fatty acids. The predicted virulence factors of C. jeikeium K411 are apparently involved in ensuring the availability of exogenous fatty acids by damaging the host tissue.
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4

Feurer, Carole, Dominique Clermont, François Bimet, Adina Candréa, Mary Jackson, Philippe Glaser, Chantal Bizet, and Catherine Dauga. "Taxonomic characterization of nine strains isolated from clinical and environmental specimens, and proposal of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 4 (July 1, 2004): 1055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02907-0.

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Nine unidentified Gram-positive, lipophilic corynebacteria were isolated from clinical and food samples and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. The bacteria were distinguished from Corynebacterium species with validly published names by biochemical tests, fatty acid content and whole-cell protein analysis. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated unambiguously that the nine strains were related phylogenetically to the species ‘Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum’ and represented a distinct subline within the genus Corynebacterium. On the basis of both phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, the formal description of Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of C. tuberculostearicum is Medalle XT (=LDC-20T=CIP 107291T=CCUG 45418T=ATCC 35529T).
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5

Kharseeva, G. G., and N. A. Voronina. "PATHOGENICITY FACTORS OF CORYNEBACTERIUM NON DIPHTHERIAE." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2016-3-97-104.

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Pathogenicity factors of Corynebacterium non diphtheriae - pili, microcapsule, cell wall, pathogenicity enzymes, toxins, that determine the ability of microorganisms to consequentially interact with epithelium of entry gates of the organism, replicate in vivo, overcome cell and humoral mechanisms of protection, are examined in the review. Particular attention in the paper is given to species of non-diphtheria corynebacteria, that are pathogenic for human and able to produce toxins - Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Mechanisms of expression regulation of PLD-exotoxins, its interaction with immune system cells are described.
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6

Balci, I., F. Ekşi, and A. Bayram. "Coryneform Bacteria Isolated from Blood Cultures and Their Antibiotic Susceptibilities." Journal of International Medical Research 30, no. 4 (August 2002): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000203000409.

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We aimed to determine the types of corynebacteria isolated from the blood of patients at Gaziantep University Hospital, Turkey, and their antibiotic susceptibilities. Between February 1999 and June 2001, 3530 blood samples were cultured, of which 915 were found to be positive, and these were further investigated in the bacteriology laboratory. Among positive blood cultures, coryneform bacteria were identified in 31 (3.4%) isolates. Of these, 16 (51.6%) were Corynebacterium jeikeium, six (19.4%) were Corynebacterium striatum, four (12.9%) were Corynebacterium amycolatum, two (6.5%) were Cellulomonas species, two (6.5%) were Corynebacterium afermentans and one isolate (3.2%) was Corynebacterium propinquum. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that C. jeikeium was resistant to various antibiotics, whereas all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. This study illustrates the importance of taking coryneform bacteria into consideration when culturing blood samples. The need to identify the species and determine its antibiotic sensitivity is emphasized.
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7

Hommez, Jozef, Luc A. Devriese, Mario Vaneechoutte, Philippe Riegel, Patrick Butaye, and Freddy Haesebrouck. "Identification of Nonlipophilic Corynebacteria Isolated from Dairy Cows with Mastitis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 4 (1999): 954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.4.954-957.1999.

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Nonlipophilic corynebacteria associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows were found to belong to four species: Corynebacterium amycolatum, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, andCorynebacterium minutissimum. These species may easily be confused. However, clear-cut differences between C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis were found in their acid production from maltotriose and ethylene glycol, susceptibility to vibriostatic agent O129, and alkaline phosphatase. Absence of growth at 20°C and lack of α-glucosidase and 4MU-α-d-glycoside hydrolysis activity differentiatedC. amycolatum from C. pseudotuberculosis andC. ulcerans. The mastitis C. pseudotuberculosisstrains differed from the biovar equi and ovis reference strains and from caprine field strains in their colony morphologies and in their reduced inhibitory activity on staphylococcal β-hemolysin.C. amycolatum was the most frequently isolated nonlipophilic corynebacterium.
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8

Ramos, Juliana Nunes, Talita Bernardo Valadão, Paulo Victor Pereira Baio, Ana Luiza Mattos-Guaraldi, and Verônica Viana Vieira. "Novel mutations in the QRDR region gyrA gene in multidrug-resistance Corynebacterium spp. isolates from intravenous sites." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 113, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-019-01353-w.

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AbstractThe resistance to fluoroquinolones in corynebacteria is due to mutations occurring in the quinolone-resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA gene encoding the enzyme gyrase A subunit. In recent years we can observe an increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium striatum, Corynebacterium jeikeium and Corynebacterium urealyticum, including wide range of disorders, such as invasive infections. In this study 14 Corynebacterium spp. isolated from intravenous sites were sequenced and new combinations of mutations in the QRDR of the gyrA gene were found in C. jeikeium and C. urealyticum. Nowadays, no study comparing mutations in this region and the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in C. jeikeium and C. urealyticum has been described. All the isolates that showed double mutation (position 87 and 91) in the QRDR gyrA gene had high MIC to the fluoroquinolones tested.
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9

McWilliams, Toya S., Ernest C. Hammond, and Marlene B. Luzarraga. "Observation of corynebacterium species using Scanning Electron Microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 794–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100149805.

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Bacteria of the genus Corynebacterium are considered part of the bacterial flora of skin and mucosa. Even C. diphtheriae, a long recognized pathogen, may be isolated from the throat of healthy individuals. Recent evidence indicates that other Corynebacteria are associated with opportunistic conjunctival infections in aging laboratory mice.Our goal of using scanning electron microscopy was to expand previous studies and to observe the association of the bacteria with the conjunctival surface of aged mice. To accomplish this, we needed a point of reference for identification of the corynebacteria which were frequently present in the company of other bacteria. We studied cultures of known corynebacteria of ocular origin during the exponential growth phase. These cultures contained pleomorphic cells that were round, ovoid and rod shaped, clustered together and surrounded by a biofilm. Several of the cylindrical rods appeared as V-shaped pairs, classic features of the genus Corynebacterium. The V-shape arrangement is accomplished by a snapping postfission movement.
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10

Hünten, Peter, Bettina Schiffler, Friedrich Lottspeich, and Roland Benz. "PorH, a new channel-forming protein present in the cell wall of Corynebacterium efficiens and Corynebacterium callunae." Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27903-0.

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Corynebacterium callunae and Corynebacterium efficiens are close relatives of the glutamate-producing mycolata species Corynebacterium glutamicum. The properties of the pore-forming proteins, extracted by organic solvents, were studied. The cell extracts contained channel-forming proteins that formed ion-permeable channels with a single-channel conductance of about 2 to 3 nS in 1 M KCl in a lipid bilayer assay. The corresponding proteins from both corynebacteria were purified to homogeneity and were named PorHC.call and PorHC.eff. Electrophysiological studies of the channels suggested that they are wide and water-filled. Channels formed by PorHC.call are cation-selective, whereas PorHC.eff forms slightly anion-selective channels. Both proteins were partially sequenced. A multiple sequence alignment search within the known chromosome of C. efficiens demonstrated that it contains a gene that fits the partial amino acid sequence of PorHC.eff. PorHC.call shows high homology to PorHC.eff. PorHC.eff is encoded in the bacterial chromosome by a gene that is localized within the vicinity of the porA gene of C. efficiens. PorHC.eff has no signal sequence at the N terminus, which means that it is not exported by the Sec-secretion pathway. The structure of PorH in the cell wall of the corynebacteria is discussed.
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11

Burkovski, Andreas. "Cell Envelope of Corynebacteria: Structure and Influence on Pathogenicity." ISRN Microbiology 2013 (January 21, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/935736.

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To date the genus Corynebacterium comprises 88 species. More than half of these are connected to human and animal infections, with the most prominent member of the pathogenic species being Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which is also the type species of the genus. Corynebacterium species are characterized by a complex cell wall architecture: the plasma membrane of these bacteria is followed by a peptidoglycan layer, which itself is covalently linked to a polymer of arabinogalactan. Bound to this, an outer layer of mycolic acids is found which is functionally equivalent to the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. As final layer, free polysaccharides, glycolipids, and proteins are found. The composition of the different substructures of the corynebacterial cell envelope and their influence on pathogenicity are discussed in this paper.
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12

Goldstein, Ellie J. C., Diane M. Citron, C. Vreni Merriam, Yumi A. Warren, Kerrin L. Tyrrell, and Helen T. Fernandez. "In Vitro Activities of Daptomycin, Vancomycin, Quinupristin- Dalfopristin, Linezolid, and Five Other Antimicrobials against 307 Gram-Positive Anaerobic and 31 Corynebacterium Clinical Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 1 (January 2003): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.1.337-341.2003.

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ABSTRACT The activities of daptomycin, a cyclic lipopeptide, and eight other agents were determined against 338 strains of gram-positive anaerobic bacteria and corynebacteria by the NCCLS reference agar dilution method with supplemented brucella agar for the anaerobes and Mueller-Hinton agar for the corynebacteria. The daptomycin MICs determined on Ca2+-supplemented (50 mg/liter) brucella agar plates were one- to fourfold lower than those determined in unsupplemented media. Daptomycin was highly active (MICs, ≤2 μg/ml) against many strains including 36 of 37 peptostreptococci, 37 of 48 isolates of the Eubacterium group, and all strains of Propionibacterium spp., Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, and other Clostridium spp. It was fourfold or greater more active than vancomycin against Clostridium innocuum and 16 of 34 strains of vancomycin-resistant lactobacilli. Three strains of C. difficile for which quinupristin-dalfopristin and linezolid MICs were >8 μg/ml were inhibited by <1 μg of daptomycin per ml. Daptomycin MICs were ≥4 μg/ml for most strains of Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium paraputrificum, Clostridium tertium, and Clostridium ramosum; the isolates were generally more resistant to other antimicrobials. Daptomycin was two- to fourfold less active against Actinomyces spp. than vancomycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, or linezolid. Twenty-nine of 31 strains of Corynebacterium spp., including Corynebacterium jeikeium, Corynebacterium amycolatum, and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, were inhibited by ≤0.25 μg of daptomycin per ml. For two strains of “Corynebacterium aquaticum,” 8 μg of daptomycin per ml was required for inhibition. Daptomycin demonstrated very good activities against a broad range of gram-positive organisms including vancomycin-resistant C. innocuum and lactobacillus strains and quinupristin-dalfopristin- and linezolid-resistant C. difficile strains.
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13

Sardana, Raman, Hena Butta, Kirti Gilotra, Leena Mendiratta, Pankaj Baweja, and Ramesh Sarin. "Non-diphtheriae Corynebacteria Causing Breast Abscess in Non-lactating Females Seeking to Avoid Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Chronic Breast Infections Through Diagnostic Stewardship." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 9, no. 6 (July 9, 2022): A115–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3162.

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Background: Consideration of non-diphtheriae Corynebacteria as an infective organism in mastitis, is usually neglected. So, infections due to Corynebacterium species may remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The aim of our study was to focus on non-diphtheriae Corynebacterium as causative organisms in breast infections using scientific logic and technology of Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDITOF MS) to categorize the isolates upto species level. The clinical correlation and response to management especially targeted antimicrobials was also recorded. Methods: All the consecutive pus/tissue samples from Breast abscess received during study period were processed as per the standard guidelines. The identification of the isolate was done by automated methods. The cytopathological/histopathological and clinical details of the patients with infection due to Corynebacterium sp. were recorded and analyzed. Results: Out of 52 non-duplicate samples, five showed growth of non-diphtheriae Corynebacteria. These were identified as C. kroppenstedtii and C. amycolatum. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed 100% susceptibility to Amoxicillin-clavulanate, Tetracycline, Vancomycin and Linezolid for all the five isolates. Histopathological examination was suggestive of chronic inflammatory mastitis/Granulomatous mastitis. Conclusion: Non diphtheriae Corynebacteria particularly lipophilic Corynebacteria have a predilection to cause infections of breast tissue and Breast abscess which may mimic as tubercular abscess or chronic non-specific mastitis leading to unnecessary usage of antimicrobials. So, these isolates from breast tissue/pus should not be ignored rather definitely identified. This would also ensure diagnostic stewardship.
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14

Kharseeva, Galina G., E. O. Mangutov, E. L. Alutina, O. M. But, and A. E. Pakhomova. "Etiological significance of Corynebacterium spp. in the development of diseases of the respiratory tract." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): 673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-11-673-677.

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Corynebacterium spp. It is associated with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (tracheitis, pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.). C. pseudodiphtheriticum can be the causative agent of bacterial coinfection in patients with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The aim is to determine the pathogenic properties and resistance to antimicrobial drugs of Corynebacterium spp. strains to establish their etiological significance in the development of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Strains of Corynebacterium spp. isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (43 pcs.) and practically healthy individuals (29 pcs.). Isolates were identified by mass spectrometric method (MALDI-TOF MS), their cytopathic effect in CHO-K1 cell culture, hemolytic, urease activity, antimicrobial drug resistance were determined. Strains of Corynebacterium spp. isolated from patients in the amount of 105 CFU/ml or more, practically healthy - 104 CFU/ml or less. Isolates of Corynebacterium spp. patients had a more pronounced cytopathic effect (83.7±11.1%) and were more often resistant to antimicrobial drugs than those isolated from practically healthy. To establish the etiological significance of Corynebacterium spp. isolates. in the development of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, it is advisable to determine their amount in biological material (105 CFU/ml or more), the cytopathic effect on CHO-K1 cell culture, as well as the presence of multiple resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Differences in the characteristics of Corynebacterium spp. isolates. from patients with respiratory tract pathology and practically healthy individuals are associated with the strain, not the species, of corynebacteria.
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Baumbach, Jan, Karina Brinkrolf, Tobias Wittkop, Andreas Tauch, and Sven Rahmann. "CoryneRegNet 2: An Integrative Bioinformatics Approach for Reconstruction and Comparison of Transcriptional Regulatory Networks in Prokaryotes." Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jib-2006-24.

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SummaryCoryneRegNet is an ontology-based data warehouse of corynebacterial transcription factors and regulatory networks. Initially, it was designed to provide methods for the analysis and visualization of the gene regulatory network of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Now we integrated the genomes and transcriptional interactions of three other corynebacteria, C. diphtheriae, C. efficiens, and C. jeikeium into CoryneRegNet; providing comparative analysis and visualization with GraphVis. We also integrated the high-performance PSSM search tool PoSSuM search to detect potential transcription factor binding sites within and across species. As an application, we reconstruct in silico the regulatory network of the iron metabolism regulator DtxR in the four corynebacteria.CoryneRegNet is freely accessible at https://www.cebitec.uni-bielefeld.de/groups/gi/software/coryneregnet/. The final slash (/) is mandatory. In order to use the GraphVis feature, Java (at least version 1.4.2) is required.
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16

Mangutov, E. O., G. G. Kharseeva, V. N. Gerasimov, A. A. Alieva, N. A. Voronina, E. L. Alutina, V. P. Slukin, O. E. Khokhlova, A. R. Gaitrafimova, and N. K. Fursova. "Corynebacterium spp.: Underestimated Pathogens with High Virulence Potential." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 21, no. 4 (September 15, 2022): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2022-21-4-80-88.

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Relevance. Corynebacterium spp., being opportunistic microorganisms, play a role in the development of inflammatory diseases of various localization, including HCAI. Possessing multiple resistance to AMP and pathogenic properties, they cause infections that are not controlled by means of vaccine prophylaxis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and virulent properties of Corynebacterium spp. strains isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Materials and methods. Strains of Corynebacterium spp. isolated from the pharynx and nose of patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (99 pcs.) and practically healthy individuals (33 pcs.) at 2017–2021 in Rostov-on-Don. The ultrastructure of corynebacteria was studied using a TecnaiG2 Spirit BioTWIN transmission electron microscope (FEI, Czech Republic); cytopathic effect (CPE) on CHO-K1 cell culture; virulence in the larval model of the wax moth Galleria mellonella. Results and discussion. The species diversity of Corynebacterium spp. strains isolated from patients is much wider than in the examination of practically healthy individuals (16 and 6 species of Corynebacterium, respectively). An electron microscopic study revealed morphological features of the cell ultrastructure of various strains of Corynebacterium spp., possibly associated with their ability to damage. The strains of C. striatum, C. aurimucosum, C. coyleae, C. falsenii, C. argentoratense, C. afermentans, C. amycolatum, C. freneyi, C. simulans isolated from patients had the highest level of CPЕ. Corynebacterium spp. strains isolated from patients had different levels of virulence against G. mellonella larvae. This testified to the importance of establishing not so much the species as the strain of these microorganisms. Conclusion. A wide species diversity of strains of Corynebacterium spp., isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, mainly of childhood, was found. The most frequently isolated species were C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. propinquum and C. accolens. Strains of Corynebacterium spp., isolated from patients, were mainly characterized by a high level of cytotoxicity and virulence, which indicates their role in the development of the infectious process.
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Marosevic, Durdica V., Anja Berger, Gunnar Kahlmeter, Sarah Katharina Payer, Stefan Hörmansdorfer, and Andreas Sing. "Antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans in Germany 2011–17." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 75, no. 10 (August 3, 2020): 2885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa280.

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Abstract Background Diphtheria is mainly caused by diphtheria-toxin-producing strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans. The recommended first-line antibiotic is penicillin or erythromycin, but reliable susceptibility data are scarce. Objectives To define WT MIC distributions of 12 antimicrobial agents and provide data for the determination of tentative epidemiological cut-off values (TECOFFs) for potentially toxigenic corynebacteria and to evaluate the potential usefulness of a gradient test (Etest) for susceptibility testing of penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Methods For the 421 human or veterinary isolates from the period 2011–17, MICs of 12 antimicrobial agents were determined. Etest performance was evaluated for penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. Results MIC distributions were characterized and TECOFFs could be set for 11 out of 24 antibiotic/species combinations. The current EUCAST clinical breakpoints, predominantly determined for Corynebacterium species other than C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans, divide the WT MIC distributions of penicillin and clindamycin, thereby making reproducible susceptibility testing of C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans difficult. For erythromycin, 4% of C. diphtheriae and 2% of C. ulcerans had MICs higher than those for WT isolates. Phenotypically detectable resistance to other antibiotics was rare. Etest underestimated MICs of penicillin and lower concentrations needed to be included for erythromycin, while for clindamycin the Etest was not a good surrogate method. Conclusions MIC distributions based on reference broth microdilution for potentially toxigenic Corynebacterium spp. were developed. For five and six agents, TECOFFs were suggested for C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans, respectively, but for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis the number of isolates was too low.
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Rodyna, N. S., V. V. Maiboroda, D. V. Karamyshev, V. Y. Lipchanchuk, and T. I. Kupriyanova. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF A FATAL CASE OF DIPHTHERIA IN A RESIDENT OF KYIV OBLAST." One Health Journal 2, no. III (July 1, 2024): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/onehealthjournal2024-iii-03.

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Ukraine still has diphtheria. This infection is developed with toxins secreted by pathogens of three Corynebacteria species, such as Corynebacterium diphtheria, Corynebacterium ulcerans, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. In January 2024, for the first time in recent decade, a fatal case of diphtheria in a resident of the Kyiv oblast was registered in Ukraine. The results of laboratory testing showed the toxigenic microorganism Corynebacterium ulcerans. The diagnosis was established based on the results of the pathological and anatomical autopsy and confirmed by laboratory testing during the examination of sectional samples. When a woman sought medical attention with certain clinical signs, medical care personal did not collect biological samples from the patient for testing on the causative agents of respiratory diseases of viral or bacterial origin, and the primary diagnosis did not contain information about the warnings of diphtheria. This indicates a low alertness of doctors regarding the possibility of the occurrence and spread of diphtheria. The anti-vaccination attitude of the population and migration processes under martial law contribute to a decrease in the level of immunization in the Kyiv oblast and pose a threat to diphtheria outbreaks.
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Ridaura, Vanessa K., Nicolas Bouladoux, Jan Claesen, Y. Erin Chen, Allyson L. Byrd, Michael G. Constantinides, Eric D. Merrill, Samira Tamoutounour, Michael A. Fischbach, and Yasmine Belkaid. "Contextual control of skin immunity and inflammation by Corynebacterium." Journal of Experimental Medicine 215, no. 3 (January 30, 2018): 785–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171079.

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How defined microbes influence the skin immune system remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Corynebacteria, dominant members of the skin microbiota, promote a dramatic increase in the number and activation of a defined subset of γδ T cells. This effect is long-lasting, occurs independently of other microbes, and is, in part, mediated by interleukin (IL)-23. Under steady-state conditions, the impact of Corynebacterium is discrete and noninflammatory. However, when applied to the skin of a host fed a high-fat diet, Corynebacterium accolens alone promotes inflammation in an IL-23–dependent manner. Such effect is highly conserved among species of Corynebacterium and dependent on the expression of a dominant component of the cell envelope, mycolic acid. Our data uncover a mode of communication between the immune system and a dominant genus of the skin microbiota and reveal that the functional impact of canonical skin microbial determinants is contextually controlled by the inflammatory and metabolic state of the host.
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20

Funke, Guido, Reinhard Frodl, and Kathryn A. Bernard. "Corynebacterium mustelae sp. nov., isolated from a ferret with lethal sepsis." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.010942-0.

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A non-lipophilic coryneform bacterium, strain 3105T, was isolated from various tissues of a ferret with lethal sepsis. The strain was characterized by phenotypic and chemotaxonomic methods, which suggested an assignment of the isolate to the genus Corynebacterium. Strain 3105T exhibited the following peculiar features that made it possible to differentiate it phenotypically from all other corynebacteria: its distinctive ‘humid cellar’-like odour, strong adherence to agar and a greenish-beige pigment. Strain 3105T exhibited more than 2.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis NCTC 3450T (97.12 % sequence similarity). Analysis of the highly variable region within the rpoB gene sequence showed that strain 3105T exhibited more than 14 % divergence from its closest phylogenetic relative, again C. pseudotuberculosis. Based on the data presented, it is proposed that the ferret isolate should be classified within a novel species, Corynebacterium mustelae sp. nov. (type strain 3105T =CCUG 57279T =DSM 45274T).
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21

Funke, Guido, Ralf Englert, Reinhard Frodl, Kathryn A. Bernard, and Steffen Stenger. "Corynebacterium canis sp. nov., isolated from a wound infection caused by a dog bite." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 11 (November 1, 2010): 2544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.019927-0.

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A non-lipophilic, coryneform bacterium isolated from a patient's wound caused by a dog bite was characterized by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular genetic methods. Chemotaxonomic features suggested assignment of the unknown bacterium to the genus Corynebacterium. The isolate exhibited the following unusual features, which made it possible to phenotypically differentiate it from all other medically relevant corynebacteria: the Gram stain showed some very filamentous rods (>15 μm in length); some cells exhibited branching; colonies were domed and adherent to agar; the micro-organism was positive for pyrazinamidase, β-glucosidase, α-glucosidase and trypsin but negative for β-galactosidase. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and partial rpoB gene sequencing showed that the closest phylogenetic relative, Corynebacterium freiburgense, exhibited more than 1.9 % and 17.9 % divergence with the unknown bacterium, respectively. Based on both phenotypic and molecular genetic data, it is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a novel species, Corynebacterium canis sp. nov., with the type strain 1170T (=CCUG 58627T =DSM 45402T).
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22

Coppola, Karen M., and Geoffrey Furness. "Evaluation of differential media for the identification of Corynebacterium genitalium and Corynebacterium pseudogenitalium (group JK corynebacteria)." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-008.

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Tween purple agar containing 1% fructose (TFP agar) differentiated Corynebacterium genitalium from C. pseudogenitalium, which respectively formed colorless and yellow colonies after 72 h incubation at 37 °C aerobically or in 5–10% CO2 in air. Thus TFP agar is a differential medium. Corynebacteria-like colonies grown on nonspecific urethritis (NSU) chocolate agar from urogenital material were identified as C. genitalium, C. pseudogenitalium, or commensals when subcultured on TPF agar. TFP agar was unsuitable for their primary isolation since the commensals turned the medium yellow with 24 h incubation. Gentamicin cannot be employed as a selective agent in medium for the isolation of these corynebacteria. TFP agar containing 10 μg/mL gentamicin inhibited most strains of C. pseudogenitalium and C. genitalium isolated from urogenital infections. It did not inhibit isolates of these corynebacteria from cancer patients or suppress the normal bacterial flora of the urogenital tract. Evidence that gentamicin-resistant strains are characteristic of nosocomial infections is presented.
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23

Schiffl, Helmut, Claudia Mücke, and Susanne M. Lang. "Exit-site Infections by Non-diphtheria Corynebacteria in Capd." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 24, no. 5 (September 2004): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080402400510.

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Non-diphtheria corynebacteria species cause disease in risk populations such as immunocompromised patients and patients with indwelling medical devices. Despite reports of exit-site infection and peritonitis caused by non-diphtheria corynebacteria, these organisms are frequently dismissed as contaminants. During a 10-year observation period, we prospectively identified 8 cases of exit-site/tunnel infections caused by 2 different species of corynebacteria ( Corynebacterium striatum in 5 and C. jeikeium in 3 cases). Four patients experienced a second episode of exit-site infection 3 months (2 cases), 25 months, and 40 months, respectively, after termination of an oral cephalosporin therapy of 4 to 6 weeks’ duration. Non-diphtheria corynebacteria accounted for 9% of all exit-site infections during the study period. All catheter-related infections healed; no catheter had to be removed. The diagnosis of catheter-related non-diphtheria corynebacteria infection may be suspected when Gram stain shows gram-positive rods and with colony morphology and commercial biochemical identification systems. Susceptibility of non-diphtheria corynebacteria to antibiotics may vary, especially in C. jeikeium. Virtually all Corynebacterium species are sensitive to vancomycin. Empirical antibiotic therapy with vancomycin should be initiated while antibiotic susceptibility testing is being carried out. Oral cephalosporin may be an alternative treatment regimen for exit-site infections if sensitive. This study highlights the importance of non-diphtheria corynebacteria as emerging nosocomial pathogens in the population of end-stage renal disease patients on on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
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24

Isayenko, Olena, Oksana Knysh, Mykola Popov, Valeriy Minukhin, Eugeny Babych, and Olena Peretyatko. "Impact of Biologically Active Complexes of L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii After Storage Under Low Temperatures on Biofilm Forming Ability in Corynebacteria." Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine 31, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/cryo31.02.127.

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This paper describes the temperature regimens and shelf life of biologically active complexes (structural components and metabolites) of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii, which have antimicrobial activity and reduce biofi lm formation in pathogenic agents of Corynebacterium spp. Preservation of biological activity of complexes after 6-month storage (observation period) at (−23 ± 1)°C and for 60 days (observation period) under hypothermia at (4 ± 1)°C has been demonstrated. The degree of inhibition of biofi lm formation in pathogenic corynebacteria depended on sensitivity of the Corynebacterium spp. test-culture strain to products of microbial origin. A mixture of lactobacillus and saccharomycete metabolites displayed weak biofi lm formation by toxicogenic strains of corynebacteria (p < 0.05). Our fi ndings testifi ed to a possible use of biologically active substances, stored at 4 and −23°C in designing the L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii complexes and in technological processes of their production to prevent the persistence of the diphtheria pathogens.
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25

Akwuobu, Chinedu A., Danladi D. Haruna, Patience D. Iortyer, Emmanuel O. Ngbede, Levi M. Mamfe, and Raphael A. Ofukwu. "Prevalence of Corynebacterium species among Slaughtered Ruminants in Makurdi, Nigeria: A Preliminary Study." European Journal of Veterinary Medicine 3, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejvetmed.2023.3.1.48.

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Non-diphtheritic Corynebacteria have in recent times been increasingly implicated as the causative agents of various infections in humans and animals. They have also been shown to be an emerging group of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In the present study, we carried out a preliminary investigation to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of species of corynebacteria among slaughtered cattle, goats and sheep. Nasal swabs from 207 ruminants (101 goats, 91 cattle, and 15 sheep) were processed for isolation and identification of corynebacteria using standard microbiological procedures. Antibiogram of the isolates was also determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Twenty-three isolates (11.1%) distributed into six species comprising Corynebacterium xerosis (n=8), C. amycolatum (n=5) C. mycetoides (n=3) C. stationis (n=2) C. striatum (n=1) and C. efficiens (n=1) were recovered. The Corynebacterium isolates displayed high rates of resistance (31.6 – 100%) to all the antibiotics tested with multidrug resistance observed in 78.9% (15/23) of the isolates tested. Coagulase-production was also observed among 8 (34.8%) of the isolates. Our findings highlight the role of slaughtered cattle and small ruminants as potential reservoirs of multidrug resistant and zoonotic non-diphtheritic corynebacteria and thus a need for increased surveillance and characterization of this bacteria group among animals.
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26

Watts, Jeffrey L., and Silvia Rossbach. "Susceptibilities of Corynebacterium bovis and Corynebacterium amylocolatum Isolates from Bovine Mammary Glands to 15 Antimicrobial Agents." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 3476–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.12.3476-3477.2000.

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ABSTRACT Coryneform bacteria are frequently isolated from bovine mastitis and are associated with economic losses. Generally, the MICs of the 15 antimicrobial agents tested at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited for 46 Corynebacterium bovis and 13Corynebacterium amylocolatum strains were low. These are the first quantitative antimicrobial susceptibility data available for coryneforms from bovine mastitis. Data from this study suggest that comparable corynebacteria from humans have a much higher level of antimicrobial resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents.
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27

Hayashi, Aoi, Ryo Yanagawa, and Hiroshi Kida. "Survival of Corynebacterium renale, Corynebacterium pilosum and Corynebacterium cystitidis in soil." Veterinary Microbiology 10, no. 4 (June 1985): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(85)90008-2.

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28

De Briel, D., J. C. Langs, G. Rougeron, P. Chabot, and A. Le Faou. "Multiresistant corynebacteria in bacteriuria: A comparative study of the role of Corynebacterium group D2 and Corynebacterium jeikeium." Journal of Hospital Infection 17, no. 1 (January 1991): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-6701(91)90075-j.

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29

Mangutov, E. O., A. A. Alieva, Galina Georgievna Kharseeva, N. A. Voronina, L. P. Alekseeva, V. V. Evdokimova, O. A. Yakusheva, and M. D. Popivnenko. "Corynebacterium spp.: relationship of pathogenic properties and antimicrobial resistance." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 67, no. 9 (September 12, 2022): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-9-519-524.

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Corynebacterium spp. are part of the human microbiome, but can cause the development of inflammatory diseases of various localization. Purpose - to evaluate the relationship between pathogenic properties and resistance to antimicrobial drugs (AMD) of Corynebacterium spp. from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Strains of Corynebacterium spp. isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (99 pcs.) and practically healthy individuals (33 pcs.). Isolates were identified by mass spectrometric method (MALDI-ToFMS), their adhesive and invasive activity on Hep-2 cells, cytopathic effect (CPE) in CHO-K1 cell culture, and resistance to antimicrobial drugs (AMD) were determined. Indicators of adhesion (3.65±0.679(CFU±m)x102/ml), invasion (1.72±0.230 (CFU±m)x102/ml), cytotoxicity (69.1±3.8% of dead CHO-K1 cells ) Corynebasterium spp. strains isolated from patients are higher (p≤0.05) than similar indicators in practically healthy people. 90.9% of isolates from patients had resistance to AMD, in most cases (57.6±4.9%) resistance to only one AMP was noted, less often to two (25.2±4.3%), three or more (8.08±2.7%). According to the results of correlation-regression analysis, pathogenic properties (adhesiveness, invasiveness, cytotoxicity) of Corynebacterium spp. strains isolated from patients are in close direct relationship with resistance to AMD. This indicates the importance of identifying strains of non-diphtheria corynebacteria resistant to AMDs, which, under the influence of developing resistance to AMDs, can increase their pathogenic potential, moving from commensalism to parasitism.
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30

Soultanov, Vagif S., and Lyudmila A. Kraeva. "Antibacterial Activity of Conifer Green Needle Complex Against Corynebacteria." Natural Product Communications 15, no. 1 (January 2020): 1934578X1990061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19900611.

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Traditionally, preservatives have been used in cosmetic products to minimize bacterial contamination. Some opportunistic Corynebacterium spp. have become resistant to these preservatives and other alternatives are required. A potential candidate is Conifer Green Needle Complex (CGNC), a pharmaceutical-grade complex substance from the green verdure of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies with antibacterial, antimycotic, and antitrichomonal activity. The susceptibility of Corynebacterium xerosis and Corynebacterium flavescens to CGNC (3.5, 7, 15, 30, 60, 125, 250, and 500 mg/mL) was evaluated using broth dilution and agar methods. The antibacterial effect of CGNC was also evaluated after exposure for 30 minutes and 1, 3, and 24 hours at concentrations of 0, 3.5, 7, 30, 125, and 500 mg/mL. Corynebacteria xerosis was inhibited when exposed to low levels of CGNC (1560 mg/mL), whereas an antibacterial effect on C. flavescens was observed at slightly higher levels (60 and 125 mg/mL). CGNC also inhibited the growth of C. xerosis and C. flavescens at various incubation time points. The most prominent effect was observed after 24 hours where all growth was inhibited at all concentrations. However, CGNC inhibited or decreased the growth of Corynebacterium spp. even at lower exposure times. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that CGNC is an effective bactericidal agent against C. xerosis and C. flavescens isolated from clinical samples and may have potential as an alternative to preservatives currently used in cosmetic products.
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31

BERGAMINI, M., P. FABRIZI, S. PAGANI, A. GRILLI, R. SEVERINI, and C. CONTINI. "Evidence of increased carriage of Corynebacterium spp. in healthy individuals with low antibody titres against diphtheria toxoid." Epidemiology and Infection 125, no. 1 (August 2000): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899004331.

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This study evaluated whether a correlation exists between carriage of corynebacteria and the lack of immunity to diphtheria toxoid. Samples of both nasal and pharyngeal secretions were taken from 500 apparently healthy subjects of both sexes and of all ages and inoculated onto Tinsdale's medium. A serum sample was also taken for ELISA test to determine the titre of diphtheria toxin antibodies. None of the subjects carried Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Ninety-three strains of Corynebacterium spp. were isolated from 93 subjects and 86 of these were classified to species or group level by biochemical tests. C. xerosis was the most common (25·8%) followed by C. pseudodiphthericum (16·1%), C. jeikeium and C. striatum (both 10·8%), and C. urealyticum (9·7%). Three other species accounted for approximately 20% of strains and seven were unclassified as biochemically atypical corynebacteria. Non-protective antibodies to diphtheria toxin were found in 80 of the 93 subjects and a strong statistical association was demonstrated between carriage of corynebacteria and non-protective levels of anti-toxin antibodies. The remaining 13 subjects had protective levels of antitoxin antibodies. In contrast, only 45 of the 407 non-colonized subjects had non-protective antitoxin titres. The prevalence of carriage increased with age among males as did the percentage of non-protected subjects. The prevalence of female carriers of corynebacteria was significantly lower. Serum samples from 12 subjects with different antibody titres to diphtheria toxoid reacted to varying degrees with whole-cell lysates of a number of species of corynebacteria. The results suggest that a causal relationship may exist between nasopharyngeal carriage of corynebacteria and a low anti-diphtheria toxin immune response.
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32

Patil, Sachin M., Phillip Paul Beck, Taylor B. Nelson, Andres Bran Acevedo, and William Roland. "Prepatellar Bursitis with Abscess due to Corynebacterium ulcerans." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2021 (July 27, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3507672.

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Corynebacteria are ubiquitous and reside as skin and mucosa commensals in animals. They are considered contaminants in clinical specimens, but significant clinical data points to their virulence and pathogenic potential over the last two decades. Corynebacteria can cause both community-acquired and nosocomial infections. Corynebacterium diphtheriae (C. diphtheriae) responsible for diphtheria has declined over the previous two decades with an increase in a similar clinical syndrome by Corynebacterium ulcerans (C. ulcerans) in Europe. As per recent studies, C. ulcerans shares similar virulence factors with C. diphtheriae. C. ulcerans has been implicated in airway infections, skin and soft tissue infections, lymphadenitis, wound infections, and rarely necrotizing fasciitis. Pet or farm animals have been the source of these infections to humans, as per recent reports. Strains can be either toxigenic or nontoxigenic. Due to recent advances, methods to characterize strains have become easier with mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is a must for definite treatment as C. ulcerans can be resistant to first-line antibiotic therapy. If resources are available, it is prudent to find if there is any toxin production. Here, we describe a rural farmer in central Missouri presenting with acute-onset right knee pain diagnosed with right prepatellar bursitis with abscess due to C. ulcerans infection. He recovered with surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy. This is the first case of C. ulcerans causing prepatellar bursitis with an abscess as per medical literature review.
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33

Bakhsh, Abdul Rahim Ali, and Keir Edward Lewis. "Unusual source of recurrent Corynebacterium bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 6 (June 2021): e242560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-242560.

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We describe a unique case of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), with recurring infections during chemotherapy from chronic nasal carriage of non-diphtherial Corynebacterium, who was eventually diagnosed as she presented with neutropaenic sepsis. Identifying (often multiple) sources of infection in immunocompromised patients is crucial but deciding whether multiple organisms, which in health are considered as commensals, are actually pathogenic during vulnerable states—can be clinically difficult. Our case highlights the efforts to correctly identify the actual source of this rare organism and the recognition of its pathogenic potential when other illnesses present. We also review the literature of Corynebacteria in patients with haematological malignancies but believe this is the first case of AML to be infected with Corynebacterium presenting during the COVID-19 pandemic with a probable incidental positive swab for SARS-CoV-2.
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34

Tamura, Yu. "Granulomatous Mastitis with Corynebacterium Infection." Archives of Breast Cancer 9, no. 3-SI (April 14, 2022): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32768/abc.202293si287-292.

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Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare relapsing benign, chronic inflammatory breast disease characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells including multinucleated giant cells. Recently, it has been suggested that infection with Corynebacterium species (spp.) may be involved in the onset of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this article is to summarize the previous IGM reports related to Corynebacterium spp.Methods: I used the terms "granulomatous mastitis Corynebacterium" in PubMed and "granulomatous mastitis Corynebacterium" with Japanese in Google Scholar, which resulted in 63 English articles and 71 Japanese articles. I read all the abstracts and summarized the recent articles with Corynebacterium in the title.Results: In 16 English articles and 4 Japanese ones, the most common Corynebacterium spp. was Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, followed by Corynebacterium tuberculostearium. Conclusion: Corynebacterium infection is widely detected with IGM. In addition to bacterial culture, real-time polymerase chain reaction and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens’ analysis can be used to detect Corynebacterium spp.
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35

Henneveld, Kerstin, Rodney A. W. Rosychuk, Francisco J. Olea-Popelka, Doreene R. Hyatt, and Sonja Zabel. "Corynebacterium spp. in Dogs and Cats with Otitis Externa and/or Media: A Retrospective Study." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 48, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5791.

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The role of Corynebacterium spp. in the pathogenesis of canine and feline otitis externa/media and their appropriate antimicrobial therapy are unclear. The objectives of this study were to (1) better establish the pathogenicity of Corynebacterium spp. in otitis utilizing reported criteria and by assessing clinical response to antibiotic therapy and (2) to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Corynebacterium spp. associated with otitis. The study was retrospective, targeting cultures positive for Corynebacterium spp. Corynebacterium spp. were part of mixed microbial populations in 79/81 cultures. Corynebacterium spp. pathogenicity was highly questionable because of their almost invariable presence with other microbes and the observation that Corynebacterium spp. usually disappear from the ear with resolution of other infections, even when the Corynebacterium spp. are resistant to the prescribed antibiotic(s). However, 2/81 cultures came from two canine ears wherein Corynebacterium spp. may have been pathogenic. Antimicrobial sensitivities for Corynebacterium spp. were available for 54 isolates. Most isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol (53/54), amikacin (50/54), tetracycline (50/54), gentamicin (46/54), and enrofloxacin (32/54). Among those antibiotics available in otic products, gentamicin and enrofloxacin would be rational choices for the empirical, topical therapy of Corynebacterium spp.
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36

Knox, Karen L. "Nosocomial Endocarditis Caused by Corynebacterium amycolatum and Other Nondiphtheriae Corynebacteria." Emerging Infectious Diseases 8, no. 1 (January 2002): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0801.010151.

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37

Cappelli, Elisabete Alves, Magdalena Ksiezarek, Jacqueline Wolf, Meina Neumann-Schaal, Teresa Gonçalves Ribeiro, and Luísa Peixe. "Expanding the Bacterial Diversity of the Female Urinary Microbiome: Description of Eight New Corynebacterium Species." Microorganisms 11, no. 2 (February 3, 2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020388.

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The genus Corynebacterium is frequently found in the female urinary microbiome (FUM). In-depth characterization of Corynebacterium at the species level has been barely exploited. During ongoing FUM research studies, eight strains (c8Ua_144T, c8Ua_172T, c8Ua_174T, c8Ua_181T, c9Ua_112T, c19Ua_109T, c19Ua_121T, and c21Ua_68T) isolated from urine samples of healthy women or diagnosed with overactive bladder could not be allocated to any valid Corynebacterium species. In this work, we aimed to characterize these strains based on a polyphasic approach. The strains were Gram stain positive, rod to coccoid shaped, nonmotile, catalase positive, and oxidase negative. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences indicated that all strains belonged to the genus Corynebacterium. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values among the genomes of the above eight strains and closely related type strains of the Corynebacterium genus were <95 (74.1%–93.9%) and <70% (22.2%–56.5%), respectively. Mycolic acids were identified in all strains. MK-8(H2) and/or MK-9(H2) were identified as the major menaquinones. The polar lipids’ pattern mostly consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and glycophospholipids. The major fatty acid was C18:1ω9c. Corynebacterium lehmanniae (c8Ua_144T = DSM 113405T = CCP 74T), Corynebacterium meitnerae (c8Ua_172T = DSM 113406T = CCP 75T), Corynebacterium evansiae (c8Ua_174T = DSM 113407T = CCP 76T), Corynebacterium curieae (c8Ua_181T = DSM 113408T = CCP 77T), Corynebacterium macclintockiae (c9Ua_112T = DSM 113409T = CCP 78T), Corynebacterium hesseae (c19Ua_109T = DSM 113410T= CCP 79T), Corynebacterium marquesiae (c19Ua_121T = DSM 113411T = CCP 80T), and Corynebacterium yonathiae (c21Ua_68T = DSM 113412T = CCP 81T) are proposed. This study evidenced that commonly used methodologies on FUM research presented limited resolution for discriminating Corynebacterium at the species level. Future research studying the biological mechanisms of the new Corynebacterium species here described may shed light on their possible beneficial role for healthy FUM.
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38

Imaeda, T., K. M. Coppola, and G. Furness. "Deoxyribonucleic acids of Corynebacterium genitalium and Corynebacterium pseudogenitalium: their genome molecular weights, base ratios, and DNA relatedness with other corynebacteria involved in urinary tract infections." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 31, no. 11 (November 1, 1985): 1068–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m85-202.

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Chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acids of Corynebacterium genitalium and Corynebacterium pseudogenitalium were isolated and analysed spectrophotometrically. Their genome molecular weights ranged from 1.1 × 109 to 1.6 × 109. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of C. genitalium ranged from 60.0 to 63.3%, whereas that of C. pseudogenitalium ranged from 56.1 to 58.7%. Five strains of C. genitalium showed relatively low levels of DNA relatedness to each other ranging from 35 to 64%. In contrast, most strains of C. pseudogenitalium showed high levels of DNA relatedness to each other ranging from 71 to 89%. Selected strains of C. genitalium and C. pseudogenitalium showed low levels of DNA relatedness (49 to 60%) to other corynebacterial species involved in urinary tract infection. Data obtained in this study indicate that all strains of C. genitalium consist of genetically divergent organisms while the most strains of C. pseudogenitalium belong to a single species.
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39

Mühlhauser, Margareta. "Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum." Revista chilena de infectología 36, no. 6 (December 2019): 763–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182019000600763.

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40

Porte, Lorena, and Thomas Weitzel. "Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii." Revista chilena de infectología 29, no. 6 (December 2012): 655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182012000700011.

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41

Saint-Pierre, Gustavo, Carla Malig, and Patricia García. "Corynebacterium macginleyi." Revista chilena de infectología 38, no. 5 (October 2021): 689–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182021000500689.

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42

Pinnapureddy, Neelema R., Chetan Jinadatha, and Robert M. Plemmons. "Corynebacterium xerosis." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 19, no. 2 (March 2011): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0b013e3181ee627e.

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43

Saraiya, Nidhi, and Marilou Corpuz. "Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii." Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 31, no. 5 (October 2019): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gco.0000000000000541.

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Caronia, Ronald, Jeffrey Liebmann, Mark Speaker, and Robert Ritch. "Corynebacterium Scleritis." American Journal of Ophthalmology 117, no. 3 (March 1994): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73156-3.

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Kotrajaras, Renoo, and Hachiro Tagami. "Corynebacterium pyogenes." International Journal of Dermatology 26, no. 1 (January 1987): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1987.tb04575.x.

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Riegel, Philippe. "Corynebacterium diphtheriae." EMC - Biologie Médicale 1, no. 2 (January 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2211-9698(06)76472-x.

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Johnson, A. P., and A. Efstratiou. "Corynebacterium jeikeium." Reviews in Medical Microbiology 4, no. 4 (October 1993): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00013542-199310000-00008.

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SANCHEZHERNANDEZ, J. "In vitro activity of newer antibiotics against Corynebacterium jeikeium, Corynebacterium amycolatum and Corynebacterium urealyticum." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 22, no. 5 (November 2003): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(03)00121-3.

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Severo, Cecilia Bittencourt, Luciana Silva Guazzelli, Marinez Bizarro Barra, Bruno Hochhegger, and Luiz Carlos Severo. "MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES CAUSED BY Corynebacterium striatum IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 56, no. 1 (January 2014): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652014000100015.

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Abstract:
Nondiphtherial corynebacteria are ubiquitous in nature and commonly colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans, however they rarely account for clinical infection. We present the first reported case of multiple pulmonary nodules caused by Corynebacterium striatum. The infection occurred in a 72-year-old immunocompetent female, and the diagnosis was obtained by Gram's stain and culture of lung biopsy. C. striatum should be recognized as a potential pathogen in both immunocompromised and normal hosts in the appropriate circumstances.
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Conejo, María del Carmen, Luis Martínez-Martínez, Álvaro Pascual, Ana Isabel Suárez, and Evelio J. Perea. "Activities of ABT-773 against Listeria monocytogenes and Coryneform Bacteria of Clinical Interest." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 4 (April 2003): 1403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.4.1403-1406.2003.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of ABT-773 were evaluated against 15 Listeria monocytogenes strains and 196 coryneform bacteria isolated from clinical samples. One hundred percent of the L. monocytogenes strains were inhibited by ≤0.015 μg of ABT-773/ml. MICs of ABT-773 (μg/ml) at which 50% of the isolates tested were inhibited (MIC50s) and MIC90s for other organisms were 0.125 and 0.5 (Corynebacterium amycolatum), 1 and >32 (Corynebacterium jeikeium), 0.03 and >32 (Corynebacterium minutissimum), >32 and >32 (Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Corynebacterium urealyticum), 0.125 and >32 (Corynebacterium striatum), and 0.03 and 0.5 (Rhodococcus equi), respectively.
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