Academic literature on the topic 'Corymbia ficifolia'

An understanding of how variation is shared within and among closely related species is important for understanding evolutionary processes and managing biological diversity. We studied genetic structure in the three species occurring in south-western Australia that form the small and distinct monophyletic section Calophyllae of the genus Corymbia. We compared diversity in nuclear microsatellites and chloroplast DNA sequences in two species with patchy distributions, namely, Corymbia haematoxylon (Maiden) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson and Corymbia ficifolia (F. Muell.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson, with that in the widespread congener, C. calophylla (Lindl.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson. Consistent with predictions for the influence of range and abundance on genetic structure in the Australian flora, population differentiation was higher in the two restricted patchy species than in the widespread, semicontinuous C. calophylla. Genetic diversity in C. haematoxylon was similar to that in C. calophylla, but diversity was lower in the highly localised C. ficifolia, likely owing to genetic bottlenecks. All three species were distinguished by nuclear SSR variation, but C. haematoxylon and C. ficifolia each shared chloroplast haplotypes with C. calophylla from incomplete lineage sorting of ancestral variation and introgression. Limited evidence of recent hybridisation in two populations of C. haematoxylon was also present.

Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood eucalypts, were evaluated by using combined analyses of nuclear rDNA (ETS + ITS) and morphological characters. Combining morphological characters with molecular data provided resolution of relationships within Corymbia. The analyses supported the monophyly of the genus and recognition of the following two major clades, treated here as new subgenera: subgenus Corymbia, including informal sections recognised by Hill and Johnson (1995), namely Rufaria (red bloodwoods), Apteria and Fundoria; and subgenus Blakella, including sections Politaria (spotted gums), Cadagaria, Blakearia (paper-fruited bloodwoods or ghost gums) and Ochraria (yellow bloodwoods). Hill and Johnson’s section Rufaria is monophyletic if Apteria and Fundoria are included. It is evident that, among the red bloodwoods, series are not monophyletic and several morphological characters result from convergent evolution. There was strong morphological and molecular evidence that the three species of red bloodwoods that occur in south-western Western Australia (series Gummiferae: C. calophylla and C. haematoxylon, and series Ficifoliae: C. ficifolia) form a monophyletic group, separate from the eastern C. gummifera (series Gummiferae), which is probably sister to the clade of all other red bloodwoods. Phylogenetic results supported recognition of new taxonomic categories within Corymbia, and these are formalised here.

Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that trees able to establish in urban soils will have a higher-than-average tolerance to the higher mechanical impedance and soil strength of compacted soils. Experiment 1 tested the ability of the roots of Corymbia metadata (spotted gum, syn. Eucalyptus maculata), Lophostetnon confertus (brush box), Corymbia ficijolia (red flowering gum, syn. Eucalyptus ficifolia), and Agonis flexuosa (willow myrtle) seedlings to penetrate a sandy loam soil compacted to bulk densities of 1.4 and 1.8 mg • m~3 at 13% gravimetric moisture content. While roots of all species were able to penetrate the soil at the higher bulk density, total root penetration depth was reduced by 60% in all four species. Experiment 2 tested the ability of Corymbia maculata and C. ficijolia to penetrate soil compacted at bulk densities 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 mg • m~3 at two moisture levels, 7% and 10% gravimetric moisture. At 7% moisture, both species were able to penetrate soil compacted to 1.4 and 1.6 mg • rrr3, but neither species was able to successfully penetrate soil compacted to 1.8 mg • m"3. At 10% moisture, both species were able to penetrate soil compacted to 1.4 and 1.6 mg • m~3. They also were able to successfully penetrate soil compacted to 1.8 mg • nr3, although with significantly less depth of penetration than at the two lower bulk densities.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica , Apenidiella antarctica from permafrost, Cladosporium fildesense fromanunidentifiedmarinesponge. Argentina , Geastrum wrightii onhumusinmixedforest. Australia , Golovinomyces glandulariae on Glandularia aristigera, Neoanungitea eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis, Teratosphaeria corymbiicola on leaves of Corymbia ficifolia, Xylaria eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus radiata. Brazil, Bovista psammophila on soil, Fusarium awaxy on rotten stalks of Zea mays, Geastrum lanuginosum on leaf litter covered soil, Hermetothecium mikaniae-micranthae (incl. Hermetothecium gen. nov.)on Mikania micrantha, Penicillium reconvexovelosoi in soil, Stagonosporopsis vannaccii from pod of Glycine max. British Virgin Isles , Lactifluus guanensis onsoil. Canada , Sorocybe oblongispora on resin of Picea rubens. Chile, Colletotrichum roseum on leaves of Lapageria rosea. China, Setophoma caverna fromcarbonatiteinKarstcave. Colombia , Lareunionomyces eucalypticola on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis. Costa Rica, Psathyrella pivae onwood. Cyprus , Clavulina iris oncalcareoussubstrate. France , Chromosera ambigua and Clavulina iris var. occidentalis onsoil. French West Indies , Helminthosphaeria hispidissima ondeadwood. Guatemala , Talaromyces guatemalensis insoil. Malaysia , Neotracylla pini (incl. Tracyllales ord. nov. and Neotra- cylla gen. nov.)and Vermiculariopsiella pini on needles of Pinus tecunumanii. New Zealand, Neoconiothyrium viticola on stems of Vitis vinifera, Parafenestella pittospori on Pittosporum tenuifolium, Pilidium novae-zelandiae on Phoenix sp. Pakistan , Russula quercus-floribundae onforestfloor. Portugal , Trichoderma aestuarinum from salinewater. Russia , Pluteus liliputianus on fallen branch of deciduous tree, Pluteus spurius on decaying deciduouswoodorsoil. South Africa , Alloconiothyrium encephalarti, Phyllosticta encephalarticola and Neothyrostroma encephalarti (incl. Neothyrostroma gen. nov.)onleavesof Encephalartos sp., Chalara eucalypticola on leaf spots of Eucalyptus grandis× urophylla, Clypeosphaeria oleae on leaves of Olea capensis, Cylindrocladiella postalofficium on leaf litter of Sideroxylon inerme , Cylindromonium eugeniicola (incl. Cylindromonium gen. nov.)onleaflitterof Eugenia capensis , Cyphellophora goniomatis on leaves of Gonioma kamassi , Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis (incl. Nothodactylaria gen. nov. and Nothodactylariaceae fam. nov.)onleavesof Nephrolepis exaltata , Falcocladium eucalypti and Gyrothrix eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Gyrothrix oleae on leaves of Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa , Harzia metro sideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros sp., Hippopotamyces phragmitis (incl. Hippopota- myces gen. nov.)onleavesof Phragmites australis , Lectera philenopterae on Philenoptera violacea , Leptosillia mayteni on leaves of Maytenus heterophylla , Lithohypha aloicola and Neoplatysporoides aloes on leaves of Aloe sp., Millesimomyces rhoicissi (incl. Millesimomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Rhoicissus digitata , Neodevriesia strelitziicola on leaf litter of Strelitzia nicolai , Neokirramyces syzygii (incl. Neokirramyces gen. nov.)onleafspotsof

Phylogenetic relationships of sections and species within Corymbia (Myrtaceae), the bloodwood eucalypts, were evaluated by using combined analyses of nuclear rDNA (ETS + ITS) and morphological characters. Combining morphological characters with molecular data provided resolution of relationships within Corymbia. The analyses supported the monophyly of the genus and recognition of the following two major clades, treated here as new subgenera: subgenus Corymbia, including informal sections recognised by Hill and Johnson (1995), namely Rufaria (red bloodwoods), Apteria and Fundoria; and subgenus Blakella, including sections Politaria (spotted gums), Cadagaria, Blakearia (paper-fruited bloodwoods or ghost gums) and Ochraria (yellow bloodwoods). Hill and Johnson's section Rufaria is monophyletic if Apteria and Fundoria are included. It is evident that, among the red bloodwoods, series are not monophyletic and several morphological characters result from convergent evolution. There was strong morphological and molecular evidence that the three species of red bloodwoods that occur in south-western Western Australia (series Gummiferae: C. calophylla and C. haematoxylon, and series Ficifoliae: C. ficifolia) form a monophyletic group, separate from the eastern C. gummifera (series Gummiferae), which is probably sister to the clade of all other red bloodwoods. Phylogenetic results supported recognition of new taxonomic categories within Corymbia, and these are formalised here.

Title page, abstract and table of contents only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library.
During development, plants go through a period of vegetative growth (juvenile phase) followed by a period of reproductive growth period (adult phase). In perennial woody species, such as the ornamental eucalypt species Corymbia ficifolia, the juvenile phase can last for four or more years making breeding programs expensive, challenging and time consuming. This prolonged juvenile phase makes the production of early flowering lines desirable. Previous studies in model plants have suggested that phase change is regulated by genetic and/or epigenetic mechanisms. During the development of a micropropagated C. ficifolia hybrid line, it was observed that some clones exhibited an early phase change, resulting in the production of flowers 24-30 months after deflasking, as opposed to the usual four years (48 months). To understand the underlying molecular mechanism of this early phase change, the methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) method was used to analyse changes in DNA methylation patterns between three C. ficifolia phenotypes early flowering (EF), normal flowering (NF), and unknown (UK). This method studies genome wide methylation, however it is limited to the recognition sites of the HapII and MspI restriction enzymes. Interestingly, our results show that the main contributor to the variation in DNA methylation patterns among in vitro propagated plants was the environment in which plants were grown after in vitro culture. Additionally, higher levels of epigenetic somaclonal variability in EF clones than in their NF counterparts suggests that such changes could be linked to the early flowering phenotype observed.
Thesis (M.Bio.(PB)) -- University of Adelaide, Masters of Biotechnology (Plant Biotechnology), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2016