Relevant bibliographies by topics / Corruption Studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Corruption Studies'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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Juarez-Garcia, Mario I. "Personal Corruption & Corrupting Laws: Montesquieu’s Twofold Theory of Corruption." Business Ethics and Leadership 4, no. 4 (2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/bel.4(4).76-83.2020.

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Traditional views tend to identify the problem of corruption in the dishonesty of public officials. The main purpose of the research is to recover Montesquieu’s view of corruption and show that there are at least two different causes of corrupt behaviors. In The Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu distinguishes “two kinds of corruption: one, when the people do not observe the laws, the other when they are corrupted by the laws; the latter is an incurable ill because it lies in the remedy itself.” Recent studies about Montesquieu’s account of corruption do not pay much attention to this distinction. This paper unpacks the two kinds of corruption. The first kind tracks a problem of individuals who use their public office for private gain. The second track is the deficiency of the laws that contradict social behaviors and, therefore, are obeyed exclusively out of fear and violated whenever possible. The distinction is relevant to the anti-corruption literature because it implies two different ways to eradicate corruption. Corruption as a problem of individuals can be solved with better enforcement of the law: improving monitoring systems, better rewards for honesty, or higher punishments. Personal corruption can be dealt with what Celine Spector calls “a legislative arsenal.” However, improving enforcement mechanisms is unlikely to solve the problem in corrupting laws, given that people violate the law due to the high standards that it imposes on them. The solution for the second kind of corruption is to remove or modify the corrupting law. Montesquieu promoted the separation of powers and the spirit of moderation in the legislators to avoid corrupting laws. The result of this investigation is the importance of distinguishing between the situations in which more coercion can eradicate corruption and those in which more force against corruption leads to despotism. Keywords: Corruption, Legislation, Moderation, Montesquieu, Separation of Powers, Spirit of the Laws.
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Marzuki, Hafizah, Suhaily Hasnan, and Mazurina Mohd Ali. "Contemporary review of corruption risk studies." Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 6, no. 2, special issue (2022): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobrv6i2sip10.

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This study presents a review of the studies on corruption risk in corporations. It highlights the antecedents of corruption risk, contributes additional knowledge on anti-corruption, and offers some suggestions for future research. Following Tranfield, Denyer, and Smart (2003), a literature search was done on corporate corruption risk and its related terminologies, theories, causes, and effects. In conducting the literature search, top-ranked journals of Science Direct, Springer Link, and Emerald, were used in the Scopus and Google Scholar search engines to find quality papers. The selected online published materials covered the period from 2013 to 2021. The review shows that prior studies have discussed the issue of corruption risk using different measurements and various theories. Also, this study reveals the causes and effects of corruption risk in corporations. This paper suggests a need for future research that will focus on corporate corruption risk, especially in the Malaysian context (Muhamad & Gani, 2020) due to minimal empirical research on corruption issues from a risk perspective. The aspects of corruption risk can become the foundation for effective and proactive community fraud prevention measures that can be implemented by policymakers, regulators, industry players, governments, and non-governmental agencies
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Ledeneva, Alena. "Future Challenges of Corruption Studies." Südosteuropa 66, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2018-0031.

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Abstract Despite decades of international efforts against it, corruption continues to present multiple challenges to governments, businesses, academics, and the public. This article highlights the importance of complexity, ambivalence and context-sensitive approach to understanding and tackling corruption, and suggests an agenda for future anti-corruption research and policy.
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Wagenaar, Pieter. "Recent corruption studies: a review." Neue Politische Literatur 2011, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/91486_61.

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Syah, Kaharuddin, and Abdul Malik. "Building an Anti-Corruption Legal Culture." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (December 7, 2021): 1523–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.174.

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Background: Corrupt behaviour in Indonesia is increasingly becoming a culture, which is undoubtedly destructive to the economy and moral order of the nation. Corruption has become a chronic disease in the country, which requires serious treatment, especially by the state. Objective: Building an anti-corruption culture is a genuine and sustained intention; such an effort should be spearheaded y the government. Instilling an understanding that corruption is a despicable act based on religious and social norms which are not ethical. However, corruption’s complexity and its modes or categories have kept on the increase along with the vast power of the state in regulating social life. Various attempts have been made by all the previous governments, but they cannot free the country from the tsunami of corruption. Approach: Though the various policies and law enforcement models have been put in place, corruption persists today. The strategy of building an anti-corruption legal culture should be continuously promoted, in securing a corruption-free future for Indonesia.
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Kidd, Ian James. "EPISTEMIC CORRUPTION AND EDUCATION." Episteme 16, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/epi.2018.3.

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ABSTRACTThis paper introduces the concept of ‘epistemic corruption’ and applies it to current debates about the negative effects of education on the epistemic character of students. Epistemic corruption occurs when an agent comes to develop or exercise one or more epistemic vices due their interaction with a social environment. The phenomenon of epistemic corruption is especially important given modern enthusiasm, among virtue epistemologists and others, for the claim that education should aim to enhance the epistemic character of students by cultivating their epistemic virtues. After presenting a working account of the concept of epistemic corruption, three case studies are offered that document epistemically corrupting educational practices and policies. I conclude that study of the forms, practices, and effects of epistemic corruption should be an important dimension of virtue and vice epistemology.
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Muhamad, Nurisyal, and Norhaninah A. Gani. "A decade of corruption studies in Malaysia." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-07-2019-0099.

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Purpose In December 2013, the World Bank had declared that, in the developing world, corruption is the No.1 public enemy. True, Malaysia has been swayed by the endless corruption scandals from the upper classes to the subordinates, in public as well as private sectors. As a country that is moving towards being a developed country in 2025, the Malaysian Government has been working hard to overcome corruption through various plans and initiatives. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to highlight on Malaysia’s current initiatives and factors that had been found to be of significant importance by previous studies for combating corruption in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This study employed structured review process as well as critically examined the contents to ensure that the data are filtered from high-quality peer-reviewed journals. Twenty-five quality papers were selected from top journals of various areas to produce the list. Findings This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive list of factors in Malaysia in the fight against corruption. Originality/value This study will be beneficial to academics, policymakers and anti-corruption professionals interested in Malaysia’s anti-corruption experiences.
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Dominiuk, Ryszard Eugeniusz. "Korupcja w ujęciu historycznym i współczesnym. Pojęcie zachowania korupcyjnego na tle art. 229 k.k." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 19, no. 2 (2020): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2020.19.02.09.

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The problematic aspects of corruptive behaviors has proven to be quite a challenge for modern times. Society is mostly aware that the fight against corruption is difficult, and elimination of this phenomenon seems impossible. Corruption spreads its influence due to incorrect perception of surrounding reality. Limiting corruption is complicated process reaching for psychological incentives and motives of people participating in this operation. It is said that just raising awareness about corruption is half of the success, but to achieve full “victory” it is necessary to change the attitude of people, especially youth, on the subject of this pathological phenomenon. As studies show, the essential element on limiting the corruption is to partake the educative actions. Prevention is also connected to psychology of human behavior, all the more, that this type of criminal activity can be commited directly and indirectly. Human always tries to achieve success, and corruption is this element, which on the surface seems beneficial. It starts from receiving small souvenirs. By taking part in such activity people become less neutral and objective. In the light of art. 229 k.k. corruptive behavior affects the subject, which actively takes the role of active party. In this manner such person is perceived as entrepreneurial. Considering the difficulties in determination of victim in such agreement, subject willing to take the active corruptive initiative, does not foresee the consequences of its behavior. It is considered as correct. Rationally speaking realizing the connection between legal and psychological aspect is considered a milestone in the fight against corruption. The perfection in legal regulation should be constantly supplemented with psychological analysis of corruptive behaviors.
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Samuel, Vinay. "Business and Corruption." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 12, no. 1 (January 1995): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026537889501200106.

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Zhang, Yahong, and Min-Hyu Kim. "Do Public Corruption Convictions Influence Citizens’ Trust in Government? The Answer Might Not Be a Simple Yes or No." American Review of Public Administration 48, no. 7 (October 11, 2017): 685–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074017728792.

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The influence of corruption convictions on government trust is complicated. On one hand, they may reflect the severity of corruption in a jurisdiction. On the other hand, they might indicate the degree of anticorruption efforts. Existing literature has suggested the severity of corruption’s negative effects and the positive effect of anticorruption efforts on institutional trust. This research synthesized existing studies, identified the intellectual puzzle in the literature, and developed open hypotheses to investigate the way in which corruption convictions systematically affect citizens’ trust in government. State-level panel data merged from different sources were used for the empirical analyses. The results showed a positive influence of corruption convictions on public trust in government.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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Martyanova, Natalya. "Foreign direct investment and corruption." Thesis, Aston University, 2010. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/11940/.

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In the last few decades, the world has witnessed an enormous growth in the volume of foreign direct investment (FDI). The global stock of FDI reached US$ 7.5 trillion in 2003 and accounted for 11% of world Gross Domestic Product, up from 7% in 1990. The sales of multinational enterprises at around US$ 19 trillion were more than double the level of world exports. Substantial FDI inflows went into transition countries. Inflows into one of the region's largest recipient, the Russian Federation, almost doubled, enabling Russia to become one of the five top FDI destinations in 2005-2006. FDI inflows in Russia have increased almost threefold from 13.6% in 2003 to 35% in 2007. In 2003, these flows were twice greater than those into China; whilst in 2007 they were six times larger. Russia's FDI inflows were also about 2.5 times greater than those of Brazil. Efficient government institutions are argued by many economists to foster FDI and growth as a result. However, the magnitude of this effect has yet to be measured. This thesis takes a Political Economy approach to explore, empirically, the potential impact of malfunctioning governmental institutions, proxied by three indices of perceived corruption, on FDI stocks accumulation/distribution within Russia over the period of 2002-2004. Using a regional data-set it concentrates on three areas relating to FDI. Firstly, it considers the significance, the size and the sign of the impact of perceived corruption on accumulation of FDI stocks within Russia. Secondly, it quantifies the impact of perceived corruption on the volume of FDI stocks simultaneously estimating the impact of the investment in public capital such as telecommunications and transportation networks on FDI in the presence of corruption. In particular, it addresses the question whether more corrupt regions in Russia are also those that could have accumulated more of FDI stocks, and investigates whether those 'more corrupt' regions would have had lower level of public capital investment. Finally, it examines whether decentralisation increases or decreases corruption and whether a larger extent of decentralisation has a positive or negative impact on FDI (stocks). The results of three studies are as follows. Firstly, along with market potential, corruption is found to be one of the key factors in explaining FDI distribution within Russia between 2002 and 2004. Secondly, corruption on average is found to be related to FDI positively suggesting that it may act as speed money: to save their time foreign direct investors might be willing to bribe the regional authorities so to move in front of the bureaucratic lines. Thirdly, although when corruption is controlled for, the impact of the latter on unobservable FDI is found to be on average positive, no association between FDI and public investment is observed with the only exception of transportation infrastructure (i.e., railway). The results might suggest therefore that it is possible that not only regions with high levels of perceived corruption attract more FDI but also that expansions in public capital investments are not accompanied by an increase of the volume of FDI (stocks) in regions with high levels of corruption. This casts some doubt on the productivity of the investment in public capital in these regions as it might be that bureaucrats may prefer to use these infrastructural projects for rent extraction. Finally, we find decentralisation to have a significant and positive impact on both FDI stock accumulation and corruption, suggesting that local governments may spend more on public goods to make the area more attractive to foreign investors but at the same time they may be interested into extracting rents from foreign investors. These results support the idea that the regulation of FDI is associated with and facilitated by a larger public sector, which distorts competition and introduces opportunities for rent-seeking by particular economic and political factors.
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Yiu, Yee-ling. "Corruption in the public sector in Hong Kong and the Philippines." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13641360.

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Karcz, Jessica. "Violence and Corruption in Mexico and Colombia." Thesis, Georgetown University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10275555.

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Latin America is a region that has gone through and is still going through a lot of violent conflict. Both Mexico and Colombia have several similarities that stem from grand corruption. The vast systemic grand corruption is evidenced by the use of state violence, including massacres, other human rights violations, structural violence, the repression of the media, the repression of minorities, controversial land acquisitions, and the collusion of organized crime and the state, leading to state capture. The high levels of impunity, weak structures, and weak judicial systems have contributed to the continuation of systemic corruption and state violence. The research below explores the causal link between grand corruption, state capture, and state terror. It also explores the role of weak institutions, structural violence, and other factors that play an important role in 4 diverse case studies of state capture and state terror both in Mexico and Colombia.

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Lu, Xi. "Essays in China's Anti-corruption Campaign." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10280422.

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China's unique system of hiring and promoting talented people within the state, under the supervision of the Communist Party, has been held up as an important institutional factor supporting its remarkably rapid and sustained economic growth. Jointly with Professor Peter L. Lorentzen, we explore this meritocracy argument in the context of Chinese leader Xi Jinping's ongoing anti-corruption campaign. Some question the sincerity of the campaign, arguing that it is nothing but a cover for intra-elite struggle and a purge of Xi's opponents. In the first chapter of my thesis, we use a dataset I have created to identify accused officials and map their connections. Our evidence supports the Party's claim that the crackdown is primarily a sincere effort to cut down on the widespread corruption that was undermining its efforts to develop an effective meritocratic governing system. First, we visualize the "patron-client'' network of all probed officials announced by the central government and identify the core targets of the anti-corruption campaign. Second, we use a recursive selection model to analyze who the campaign has targeted, providing evidence that even personal ties to top leaders have provided little protection. Finally, we show that, in the years leading up to the crackdown, the provinces later targeted had departed from the growth-oriented meritocratic selection procedures evident in other provinces.

In addition to its motivation, I also discuss the campaign's effects on economic efficiency. The second chapter of my thesis tests the "greasing-the-wheels'' hypothesis in the context of China's residential land market. We show that China's anti-corruption campaign, aimed at removing corruption in China's monopoly land market, caused a decrease in land transaction volumes. Furthermore, not removing any form of corruption would also lead to a similar decrease. It is only necessary to remove corruption that enables real estate developers to circumvent red tape and reduce trading costs. Our findings support the "greasing-the-wheels'' hypothesis hypothesis: when an economy has a low outcome owing to some preexisting distortions, corruption could be a positive factor in that it offers a "second-best world.''

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Barber, Cary Michael. "A Case for Corruption." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276796676.

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Dávila, Isabel C. "The causes and effects of corruption in Puerto Rico." FIU Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2742.

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This research investigated the causes and effects of corruption in Puerto Rico. First, it examined incidences of corruption in Puerto Rico in an effort to create a linkage between the historical and contemporary causes of corruption in the island. It used both an agency and a structural approach to further explain the country's contemporary causes of corruption. Its basic finding was that the causes of corruption in Puerto Rico are the blurred boundaries between the private and public sectors, lack of elite competition, lack of elite accountability, weak mass participation, and the mismanagement of material resources. This thesis also examined empirical evidence that demonstrates the effects of corruption. The analysis revealed that corruption in Puerto Rico during the last decade has decreased Puerto Rican socio-economic outputs and investment sources. The study concluded that while anti-corruption measures have improved in the island, they have not adequately focused on the social measures to effectively combat corruption. On that score, the study highlighted the role played by public officials in perpetuating corruption in the island.
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Meeusen, A. "Esprit de corps : corruption in a transforming police service." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12560.

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Summary in English.
According to President Thabo Mbeki, the fight against corruption is one of the principal tasks of his new government. Corruption is a central concern for a country that is in a difficult political transition and is facing strong economic demands. South Africa needs an effective government. The focus of this paper is one of the areas where corruption is thriving, the South African Police Service (SAPS). I have chosen for a study within the department of Safety and Security because this is the headquarters of the fight against corruption and the place where the rule of law should be rooted most deeply. If the justice-system is corrupt, the whole state will be polluted. According to the Parliamentary researcher for the Safety and Security Committee 'the current level of corruption within the overall criminal justice system is the factor most negatively influencing efforts to substantially improve safety and security in South Africa', undermining both public confidence and crime prevention strategies (Briefing Committee 1999:1). This is one motivation for writing a thesis on this topic: corruption is a central concern for those involved in South African politics. The theme of corruption is also at the heart of political organization. People organize themselves for certain goals. Whatever these goals are, corruption interferes with their effective pursuance. Studying corruption means studying the nature of government and the tension between the way it should use its power and the way it does. It is about the limits of human organization, the tension between the public and the private, and the slippery way people practice their ethics. This is another motivation for writing on this topic: corruption is a central concern for those involved in political science. In South Africa, there are widespread beliefs in the existence of corruption. In a survey published by Idasa in 1996, 46 percent of the respondents felt that most officials were engaged in corruption and only 6 percent believed there was a clean government (Lodge 1998:157). The police certainly does not have a dean reputation. In a newspaper poll over half of the respondents called the police 'corrupt and having no integrity' (Sowetan 28/3/96, quoted in Syed and Bruce 1997:2). Moreover, an opinion survey at the end of 1998 showed that 60 percent of the respondents thought the government was controlling corruption 'not very well' or 'not at all well' (Mail & Guardian 8/10/99:30). In this thesis, I want to put these figures into perspective. The purpose of the thesis is two-folded. Firstly, to provide for an analysis of the historical, political, social and organizational roots of corruption within the SAPS. Secondly, to confront this analysis - and the policy directions it suggests - with the practice of fighting corruption in South Africa.
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Wang, Wai-hong Kenny. "Comparative studies of anti-corruption law between Hong Kong andChina." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30402050.

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Ekwo, Grace. "Corruption risk factors : an analysis of public procurement in Nigeria." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2013. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/14787/.

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Nigeria has consistently ranked 6th amongst oil-producing nations of the world but despite the enormous revenues from the sale of petroleum resources in the past five decades, the country has made little advance in terms of infrastructure, quality of life and the human development index. This has been attributed to endemic levels of corruption through misappropriation of public funds for private use, most of which have been associated with public procurement. The public procurement process in Nigeria has long been associated with corruption which involves misappropriation of public funds for private use. For example, the Transparency International (TI) Corruption Perception Index reports for 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 indicate that much of public sector corruption in Nigeria is associated with the public procurement process. Between 2010 and 2012, Nigeria’s position on the corruption perception index of 183 countries surveyed by the TI, declined by 9 places to 143, an indication that current initiatives aimed at solving the problem have not been effective. Efforts at improving the practice of public procurement in Nigeria and developing it into a reputable profession cannot be successful without considering the more fundamental question of the factors that may have made corruption in the process resistant to efforts aimed at curbing it. It is this gap that this study hopes to address in order to promote transparency in the process of public procurement in Nigeria. A total of 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted across four organisations. Findings from the interviews were further subjected to verification discussions at two other organisations. Drawing from the case study analysis; greed, lack of inbuilt checks and wide discretionary powers of procurement officers under the direction of management emerged as possible risk factors motivating corruption in the public procurement process thus offering an explanation of the vulnerability of the process to corruption. Building upon the theoretical debates, public procurement-related corruption in Nigeria is contextualised in a framework which proposes a corruption risk-factor vulnerability check-list for the management of public procurement in Nigeria to achieve verifiable transparency and accountability.
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Vaadre, Marie. "Corruption in Small Pacific Island States : - A Case Study of Vanuatu." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9851.

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Corruption is defined as the abuse of public office for private gain. Often, corruption has devastating consequences, the two main consequences of which are economic and social. Unfortunately corruption exists most in developing countries, where people already live under hard economical and social conditions. The Pacific Islands are a region where corruption is a problem. Some countries are doing better than others, some have improved and some have got worse. But almost all of the Pacific island countries have faced cups or riots, breakdown of law and order as a consequence of corruption. The region is unique and characterized by ecological and cultural diversity, colonization, tribes, a human history rich in epic ritual, travel, narrative, and innovation. This thesis has examined one small Pacific Island country, Vanuatu which is a typical example of an island country in the region. 76 % of the people lives on 83 different islands and have little contact with the central island and its public and political administration. The purpose was to examine why corruption exists in the region with the help of different corruption theories. The result was that many Islands in the Pacific have been colonised and have had very little time to build up a stable public and political administration. Results also showed that the islands have a strong tribal tradition and people lives isolated on islands far away from the “real political life”, there is also a culture which accepts e.g. bribery and the general attitude is that parliamentarians should look after their original tribe rather than the entire country.

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Books on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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Korean public administration & corruption studies. 2nd ed. Seoul, Korea: Hak Mun Pub., 1997.

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Lhéritier, Gérard. Intime corruption. Paris: Archipel, 2006.

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Thinking about political corruption. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 1993.

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Corruption, capitalism and democracy. London: Routledge, 1997.

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Controlling corruption. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.

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Campos, Nauro F. Lobbying, corruption and political influence. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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Persson, Torsten. Electoral rules and corruption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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The control of bureaucratic corruption: Case studies in Asia. New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 1985.

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Corruption detectives: Uncovering the roots of corruption and designing solutions for developing countries. Sterling, Va: Kumarian Press, 2012.

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Reyes, Vicente C. Corruption and implementation: Case studies in Philippine public administration. Diliman, Quezon City: National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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McLean, Nicole. "Anti-Corruption Discourses." In Palgrave Studies in Populisms, 131–63. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4379-9_4.

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Blackshaw, Ian S. "Corruption in Sport." In Short Studies in International Law, 107–14. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-198-2_12.

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Mordeson, John N., Sunil Mathew, and M. Binu. "Bribery and Corruption." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 227–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86996-0_11.

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Olufeso, Samuel. "Conventions Against Corruption." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_319-1.

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Olufeso, Samuel. "Conventions Against Corruption." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 234–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_319.

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Laskai, Anna. "Reviewing Institutional Corruption in Medicine." In Studies of Organized Crime, 261–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44790-8_10.

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Georgieva, Irena. "Corruption – Definition and Characteristics." In Studies in European Economic Law and Regulation, 51–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51304-1_3.

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Laskai, Anna. "Institutional Corruption of Medical Knowledge Production." In Studies of Organized Crime, 115–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44790-8_6.

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Laskai, Anna. "Institutional Corruption of Medical Knowledge Interpretation." In Studies of Organized Crime, 165–211. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44790-8_8.

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Laskai, Anna. "Institutional Corruption of Medical Knowledge Application." In Studies of Organized Crime, 213–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44790-8_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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Nasor, M. "Leader Credibility in Corruption Eradication." In The First International Conference On Islamic Development Studies 2019, ICIDS 2019, 10 September 2019, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289329.

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Chan, Alvin, Yew Soon Ong, and Clement Tan. "How Does Frequency Bias Affect the Robustness of Neural Image Classifiers against Common Corruption and Adversarial Perturbations?" In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/93.

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Model robustness is vital for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world applications. Recent studies have shown that data augmentation can result in model over-relying on features in the low-frequency domain, sacrificing performance against low-frequency corruptions, highlighting a connection between frequency and robustness. Here, we take one step further to more directly study the frequency bias of a model through the lens of its Jacobians and its implication to model robustness. To achieve this, we propose Jacobian frequency regularization for models' Jacobians to have a larger ratio of low-frequency components. Through experiments on four image datasets, we show that biasing classifiers towards low (high)-frequency components can bring performance gain against high (low)-frequency corruption and adversarial perturbation, albeit with a tradeoff in performance for low (high)-frequency corruption. Our approach elucidates a more direct connection between the frequency bias and robustness of deep learning models.
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Musa, M. "Implementation of Participation Theory in Legal Transmission Determining the Fault of Corruption Criminals." In 1st International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icils-18.2018.8.

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Ildırar, Mustafa, and Erhan İşcan. "Corruption, Poverty and Economic Performance: Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01261.

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Corruption, defined as “the misuse of public power for private benefit.” The World Bank describes corruption as one of the greatest obstacles to economic and social development. It undermines development by distorting the rule of law and weakening the institutional foundation on which economic performance depends. In past decades, many theoretical and empirical studies have presented corruption hinders investment, reduces economic growth, restricts trade, distorts government expenditures and strengthens the underground economy. In addition, they have shown a strong connection between corruption and poverty and income inequality. On the other hand, the literature on corruption points to the conclusion that corruption by itself does not lead to poverty. Rather, corruption has direct consequences on economic and governance factors, intermediaries that in turn produce poverty. Although corruption is seen in many countries in the world, it is higher and widespread in developing countries. This study investigates relation between corruption, poverty, and economic performance by using a panel consisting of countries in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia countries. It was shown that corruption affected directly economic performance and low economic performance leads to poverty. Additionally, results imply that rules against corruption could affect economic growth indirectly through their impact on the level of corruption.
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Gulö, Nimerodi, Nyoman Putra Jaya, and Pujiyono Pujiyono. "Reconstructing the Treatment of Corruption Inmates in Indonesia’s Prisons." In The First International Conference On Islamic Development Studies 2019, ICIDS 2019, 10 September 2019, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289424.

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Bustan, Radhiya, and Liana Mailani. "The Effectiveness of Anti-corruption Guidance Program to Developing Integrity Character Values in Adolescent Students of Sman 4 Garut, Indonesia." In International Conference on Psychological Studies. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010808400003347.

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Sofuoğlu, Emrah, Oktay Kızılkaya, and Ahmet Ay. "The Relationship between Corruption and Economic Growth: The Case of Newly Industrialized Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01940.

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Studies on corruption have been increasing in the literature recently. The effects of corruption, especially on macroeconomic variables, are a matter of curiosity for researchers. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corruption and economic growth. In this sense, Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC) are investigated in the study. The study covers the period 2001-2014 and to determine the long-term relationship, Pedroni cointegration test, panel FMOLS and panel DOLS coefficient estimators are utilised. According to the results of Pedroni cointegration test, there is a long-term relationship between corruption and economic growth. In addition, both panel FMOLS and DOLS results indicate that rise in corruption index contributes to higher economic growth in related countries.
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Garba Dodo, Joshua. "Tackling Corruption in Nigeria Using Social Studies and Other Agents of Socialization." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Humanities. global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icarhconf.2019.09.601.

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Azhar, Muhamad, Ajik Sujoko, and Putut Suharso. "State Financial Losses Due to Corruption in Goods and Service Procurement Systems by the Government." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icils-19.2019.40.

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Utama, Kartika, and Yos Utama. "Challenging State Loss Element on Corruption Offenses from the Administration Law Perspective." In The First International Conference On Islamic Development Studies 2019, ICIDS 2019, 10 September 2019, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.10-9-2019.2289418.

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Reports on the topic "Corruption Studies"

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Khan, Mahreen. Evaluating External Government Audit. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.140.

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This rapid literature review of primary and grey sources found substantial evidence of the merits of donor support to Public Financial Management (PFM) initiatives but no specific evidence assessing donor support for external government audit, such as Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs). PFM reforms are established as being generally beneficial, assist in reducing or preventing corruption, increasing transparency and accountability, as well as improving service delivery quality, although the exact impacts are difficult to measure. Performance auditing has recently attracted more attention than traditional financial or compliance auditing and is seen by many sources to be conducive to improving accountability, although compliance and financial auditing are still viewed as the core of external audit. There is a substantial body of literature on donor-assisted PFM reforms but a paucity of focused study or discussion of donor support to external audit specifically. This evidence gap may be due to the cost of examining the narrow focus required on donor-assisted external audit specifically. This is compounded by the complexity of gathering a sufficiently large database through surveys combined with the lack of access (for individual academics) to official datasets across countries. Furthermore, measuring the impact of SAIs, for example, is difficult due to the variety of regulatory structures that exist, inhibiting comparative cross-country studies, which has resulted in a preference for in-depth analyses. Only multilateral institutions have conducted comprehensive cross-country surveys. However, the evidence does show that strengthened PFM systems and SAIs,1 if they are independent and fully resourced, increase transparency and accountability, helping to combat corruption, when governments are made answerable to their audit findings. The evidence on the effectiveness of SAIs (against corruption) is mixed and not as strong as for PFM reforms in general. The impact of PFM interventions in preventing or reducing corruption increases when reforms are sector-specific and complemented by societal awareness initiatives, citizen participation, and infomediary advocacy. This finding seems applicable to SAIs as the discourse is increasingly on improving comprehension of audit reports and wider dissemination to relevant stakeholders.
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Relationship Between ‘Civil Society’ and ‘Democratic Freedoms’. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.086.

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Notwithstanding the point that definitions of ‘civil society’ and ‘democracy’ are themselves actively debated, this rapid review defines democracy as ‘liberal democracy’, which goes beyond elections to include liberal components such as equality before the law, individual liberties, rule of law, and independent judiciary and legislature that constrains the executive (Grahn and Lührmann, 2020, p.8). Civil society is defined as “an organizational layer of the polity that lies between the state and private life composed of voluntary associations of people joined together in common purpose” (Coppedge et al. 2016, p.413). Thus, this rapid review seeks to find out what evidence is there on the relationship between civil society and democratic freedoms? The overall sense from the vast array of literature that looks at the relationship between civil society and democratic freedoms is that civil society is important for democracy, but there is no “automatic flow” from one to the other. Rather, the relationship is contingent on the nature of civil society, in addition to other dynamic, context-specific factors. Most of the evidence found during this rapid review was in studies that break down this broad topic into smaller sub-questions. They tended to be case studies that look at specific elements of ‘democratic freedoms’ (e.g., human rights, or anti-corruption), focus on specific countries, or were related to specific mechanisms (e.g., collective action) or processes (e.g., democratic regression). Each of these sub-topics is itself a large and contested area of research. According to some scholars, these case studies are overwhelmingly positive about civil society’s relationship to liberal democratic norms and practices. Some studies show that democratic regression occurs where the demands of a highly mobilised civil society cannot be effectively channelled by the party system or occur in contexts characterised by ethnic and regional differences or socio-economic inequalities.
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