Relevant bibliographies by topics / Corrosion Potential Measurement

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Corrosion Potential Measurement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Corrosion Potential Measurement"

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Krivián, L. "Meaning and measurement of corrosion potential." British Corrosion Journal 26, no. 3 (January 1991): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000705991798269143.

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Marquardt, Helmut. "Corrosion Measurement on Bridge Decks by Potential Mapping." Structural Engineering International 1, no. 3 (August 1991): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686691780617535.

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Starosta, Robert. "Influence of Seawater Salinity on Corrosion of Austenitic Steel." Journal of KONES 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0076.

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Abstract Due to the paramagnetic properties and the ability to passivation, for the production of hulls of some vessels (mainly warships), corrosion-resistant (stainless) steels with austenitic structure are used. This article describes the influence of seawater salinity on selected corrosion properties of high-alloy steel X5CrNi 18-10 (304). The average salinity of the seas is taken as 3.5% content of sodium chloride. Corrosion rate of the tested material was evaluated in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride was evaluated. The NaCl concentration in corrosive solutions was 0.7%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 2.8%, 3.5%, 4.2%. Corrosion tests were performed using the potentiodynamic method. The range of electrochemical potential changes was Ecorr ±150 mV. Corrosion rate was assessed on the basis of corrosion current density measurements. Corrosion potential values against the saturated calomel electrode were also determined. Based on the obtained measurement results and non-parametric significance tests carried out, a significant influence of seawater salinity on the value of corrosion current density and corrosion potential was found. The highest value of corrosion current density (jcorr), and thus the highest corrosion rate, was recorded for 3.5% NaCl solution. In the concentration range from 0.7 to 3.5% NaCl in solution, the corrosion rate of austenitic steel increases. A further increase in salinity of electrolyte results in the inhibition of corrosion rate of steel. There is almost a full negative, linear correlation between the proportion of sodium chloride in the corrosive solution and the value of corrosion potential. Along with the rise in the salinity of seawater, increase the electrochemical activity, and thus the corrosion susceptibility, thus the corrosion susceptibility, of the austenitic steel X5CrNi 18-10 was observed.
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Rashid, Saber, N. Islami, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, M. Ridha, and Syarizal Fonna. "Assessment of the Elastic Stress of 304 Stainless Steel Using Half-Cell Potential Measurement." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.355.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of elastic stress for a C-ring specimen with an18.974-mm outer diameter and a 1.244-mm wall thickness. Tests are conducted on Type 304L SS material. Half-cell potential measurement specimens are used as methods of exposure and inspection The C-ring specimen for quantitatively determining the stress corrosion. Applying ASTM G38, which is a standard practice for making and using C-Ring Stress-Corrosion, was performed for elastic stress analysis. The results show that the effects of stress on the polarization curve are due to the magnitude of stress level in the specific corrosive environment.
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Lee, Sung Yul, Jong Pil Won, Dong Hyun Park, Jae Hyun Jeong, and Kyung Man Moon. "Passing Aged Years to Polarization Characteristics of the Steel Bar Embedded in Mortar Specimen (W/C:0.4)." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 1227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.1227.

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The structures of reinforced concrete has been extensively increased with rapid development of industrial society. Furthermore, these reinforced concretes are often exposed to severely corrosive environments such as sea water, contaminated water, acid rain and seashore etc.. Thus, the corrosion problem of a steel bar embedded in the concrete is very important in terms of the safety and economic points of view. In this study, a multiple mortar test specimen (W/C:0.4) that had six types of cover thickness was prepared and immerged in flowing seawater for five years. And the effects of cover thickness and immersion years on the corrosion properties of the steel bars were investigated using electrochemical methods such as measuring corrosion potential, anodic polarization curve, and impedance. At the beginning of immersion (0 year), corrosion potentials exhibited increasingly nobler value with increasing the cover thickness. However, after being immersed for 5 years, the corrosion potentials conversely shifted in the positive direction with decreasing the cover thickness. As a result, the relationships between corrosion potential and cover thickness were not in good agreement with each other after 5 years. In addition, after 5 years, the thinner cover thickness, the higher value of impedance at 0.01Hz. It is considered that corrosive products deposited on the surface of the steel bar embedded in mortar specimen in the case of thinner cover thickness played the role as a resistance polarization which resulted in decreasing the corrosion current density. Consequently, it seemed to be somewhat problem that evaluation on the corrosion property in reinforced steel would be estimated by only the corrosion potential measurement. Therefore, it is suggested that we should take into account various parameters such as cover thickness, corrosion potential, and immersed years etc. for its accurate assessment. Keywords : Cover thickness, Corrosion potential, Anodic polarization curve, Impedance, Resistance polarization
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Mariani, Simone Umberto, Anna da Forno, and Massimiliano Bestetti. "Corrosion Behaviour of High Pressure Die-Cast and Semi-Solid Cast AZ91, AM60 and AM50 Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 192-193 (October 2012): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.192-193.231.

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A comparison of corrosion resistance of die-cast and semi-solid cast AZ91, AM60 and AM50 magnesium alloys was performed in different corrosive media by measurement of the open circuit potential, potentiodynamic scans and weight loss tests. Before testing, a heat treatment was carried out onto semi-solid cast alloys. Electrochemical measurements have shown that the semi-solid cast alloys have a different corrosion rate compared to the die-cast ones. The results could be correlated to the different microstructures of the samples produced by the different processes.
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Iwashima, D., K. Ejiri, N. Nagase, M. Hatakeyama, and S. Sunada. "Study Of Rust Preventive Characteristics Of Rust Preventive Oil From Polarization Curve Measurement." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 915–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0229.

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Abstract Fe-Cu-C sintered steels are widely used as powder materials, because of its small volumetric shrinkage. However, Cu, which acts as cathode enhance formation of rust Fe2O3·xH2O during fabrication. To prevent formation of Fe2O3·xH2O rust preventive oils are widely used. High viscosity of those rust preventive oils decrease workability. While, low viscosity degrade rust preventive performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new rust preventive oils with contradictory properties of low viscosity and superior rust prevention. In this study, we developed technique to quantitatively evaluate rust prevention ability by measuring polarization curve through thin corrosive solution on Fe-Cu-C sintered steels coated with rust preventive oils. The electrochemical measurements were carried out in corrosive solution of 0.35 mass % NaCl. Using a double capillary was added dropwise to the specimen. From the experimental, it is possible to evaluate the corrosion rate quantitatively in the surface of specimen, which was coated with rust preventive oil through thin corrosive solution. From the measurement results, Corrosion rate is reduced by coating the rust preventive oil. Especially, corrosion rate of the specimen coated with oil that showed best performance indicated 10000 times better than that of without oil ones. Zn addition negative correlation between corrosion rate and period of potential oscillation.
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Lee, Sung Yul, Jong Pil Won, Dong Hyun Park, Myeong Hoon Lee, and Kyung Man Moon. "The Effect of Cover Thickness to Corrosion Characteristics of Reinforced Steel Bar Emedded in Mortar Specimen (W/C:0.6) Aged 5 Years in Seawater." Advanced Materials Research 785-786 (September 2013): 1176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.785-786.1176.

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Reinforced concrete structures have been increasingly widely used through numerous industrial fields. These structures are often exposed to severely corrosive environments such as sea water, contaminated water, acid rain, and the seashore. Thus, corrosion problems of the steel bars embedded in concrete are very important from a safety and economic point of view. In this study, the effects of cover thickness on the corrosion properties of reinforced steel bar embedded in mortar specimen (W/C:0.6) were investigated using electrochemical methods such as corrosion potentials, polarization curves, cyclic voltammograms, galvanostat and potentiostat. Corrosion potentials shifted to the noble direction, and the value of AC impedance also exhibited a higher value with increasing cover thickness, furthermore, polarization resistance also increased with increasing cover thickness. This is probably that the thinner cover thickness, seawater solution is easy to arrive at embedded steel compared to other thicker cover thickness, so, its steel bar may be easily corroded due to chloride ion, which is resulted in shifting corrosion potential to negative direction, decreasing polarization resistance. Consequently, it is considered that the relation between corrosion resistance of reinforced steel and cover thickness is nearly matched with each other. However, its corrosion resistance estimated by measurement of corrosion potential was not well in agreement with value obtained by polarization curves.
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Ihsan, Muhammad, Syarizal Fonna, N. Islami, Faizar ., and A. K. Ariffin. "Simulation of corrosion field measurement on reinforced concrete using BEM." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 8072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.15.2.2021.11.0636.

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Reinforced concrete (RC) corrosion is a leading of structural deterioration and premature degradation for the infrasturctures, with significant affected for safety, durability and reability. Therefore, early assessment of RC corrosion is important to prevent deterioration of the structure. The objective of this paper is to apply Boundary Element Method (BEM) for improving reinforced concrete (RC) corrosion assessment using field measurement data. In this study, the potential on whole domain of concrete structures was modeled by Laplace equation. The Laplace equation was solved by BEM, hence the potential on the concrete structure can be determined. The field data were measured by using half-cell potential technique and collected from an existing house in Aceh region that struck by the 2004 Sumatra tsunami. The simulation results show the use of BEM can improve the RC corrosion assessment. According to ASTM C876, the distribution of potential values on the concrete surface above the corroded area were in range -200 mV to -350 mV that indicated active corrosion was occurred. It can be inferred, the method can improve the field measurement data since it has capability to predict the corrosion profiles of reinforcing steel in more precise.
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Bosch, R. W., and W. F. Bogaerts. "Instantaneous Corrosion Rate Measurement with Small-Amplitude Potential Intermodulation Techniques." CORROSION 52, no. 3 (March 1996): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1.3292115.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corrosion Potential Measurement"

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Emmenegger, Leonidas Philip. "Kelvin Probe Electrode for Field Detection of Corrosion of Steel in Concrete." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5944.

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While the Kelvin Probe (KP) has been used in a variety of surface scanning applications, the use of the KP in reinforced concrete structures to detect corrosion has been pioneered by previous work performed at the University of South Florida. However, in that work, the scale and construction of the probes was not suited to use in the field. This is primarily attributable to the small operating disk-to-concrete gap which would make the probe unable to accommodate road conditions, such as irregularities in the grading of the road, and local pitting of the surface. Therefore, it was important to investigate whether the KP can be scaled up while still maintaining resolution and fidelity of the measurements taken. The new mobile KP prototype (MKPP) constructed in this work, has a sensing disk that is approximately 10 cm in diameter and is capable of operating up to 2 cm above the concrete surface. Testing consisted of mapping an instrumented test slab simulating a corroding concrete bridge deck, at a rate of travel of about 0.6 mph (~1 ft/s) over the slab surface. The potential map generated through use of the MKPP successfully identified the corroding spot, the location of which was verified using the traditional half-cell potential mapping method outlined in ASTM C 876-09. The MKPP mapping in these trials was approximately 10 times faster than when using the traditional method. The faster potential mapping by the MKPP, while still identifying corroding sites, should allow for more economical and less intrusive survey of the condition of bridge decks. The work set the necessary proof of concept for future demonstration of an array of such probes which would further magnify the beneficial effect.
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Walsh, Michael Thomas. "Kelvin Probe Electrode for Contactless Potential Measurement on Concrete-Properties and Applications." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4850.

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The practical feasibility of using a Kelvin Probe as a novel reference electrode in the measurement of both potential and polarization pulse response of reinforcing steel in concrete is demonstrated. Potential values measured using a KP reflect greater stability and repeatability than can typically be attained with conventional reference electrodes. Duplicate reinforced concrete beam test specimens with well-differentiated centrally corroding rebar segments were analyzed using both the Kelvin Probe (KP) and a conventional Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). Potential profile maps were developed using potential values recorded under static conditions with both the SCE and the KP. Nominal polarization resistance was obtained using potential values recorded under dynamic polarization in both the active and passive regions using the KP and the SCE in conjunction with a customized counter electrode that applied a small galvanostatic polarizing current. In all cases the observed static potential values and dynamic potential response and recovery curves observed using the KP were consistent in shape and magnitude with those observed using conventional reference electrodes.
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Wain, Leonie Alison, and n/a. "Investigating the condition of organic coatings on metals: electrochemical evaluation techniques in a conservation context." University of Canberra. Resources, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050726.144111.

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Electrochemical techniques have potential for use in conservation, both to evaluate the protectiveness of existing coatings on metal artefacts and to evaluate potential new conservation coatings. Three electrochemical methods have been examined in this study for their applicability to conservation problems. Corrosion Potential Measurement is simple but provides only minimal information on the corrosion processes occurring in an electrochemical system. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy provides both mechanistic and predictive information on coating performance, but the data are complex to interpret and measurements require equipment that is at present too bulky for effective on-site use and beyond the budget of most conservation laboratories. Electrochemical Noise Measurement can be performed using cheap, portable instrumentation and theoretically requires relatively simple statistical processing and interpretation, making it attractive for conservation applications. This project looks at the development of a simple, low cost electrochemical noise measurement system for conservation needs, and uses it to compare Electrochemical Noise Measurement with the other two techniques.
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Ramniceanu, Andrei. "Correlation of corrosion measurements and bridge conditions with NBIS deck rating." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35642.

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Since the use of epoxy coated steel has become mandatory starting in the 1980s, recent studies have shown that epoxy coating does not prevent corrosion, but instead will debond from the steel reinforcement in as little as 4 years (Weyers RE et al, 1998) allowing instead a much more insidious form of corrosion to take place known as crevice corrosion. Therefore, it is important to determine if the nondestructive corrosion activity detection methods are applicable to ECR as well as institute guidelines for interpreting the results. Since the corrosion of reinforcing steel is directly responsible for damage to concrete structures, it is surprising that nondestructive corrosion assessment methods are not part of regular bridge inspection programs such as PONTIS and NBIS. Instead, the inspection and bridge rating guidelines of federally mandated programs such as NBIS are so vague as to allow for a relatively subjective application by the field inspectors.

Clear cover depths, resistance, corrosion potentials, linear polarization data, as well as environmental exposure and structural data were collected from a sample of 38 bridge decks in the Commonwealth of Virginia. These structures were further divided in three subsets: bridge decks with a specified w/c ratio of 0.47, bridge decks with a specified w/c ratio of 0.45 and bridge decks with a specified w/cm ratio of 0.45. This data was then correlated to determine which parameters are the most influential in the assignment of NBIS condition rating. Relationships between the non-destructive test parameters were also examined to determine if corrosion potentials and linear polarization are applicable to epoxy coated steel.

Based on comparisons of measurements distributions, there is an indication that corrosion potential tests may be applicable to structures reinforced with epoxy coated steel. Furthermore, these conclusions are supported by statistical correlations between resistivity, half cell potentials and linear polarization measurements. Unfortunately, although apparently applicable, as of now there are no guidelines to interpret the results. Based on the linear corrosion current density data collected, no conclusion can be drawn regarding the applicability of the linear polarization test. As far as the NBIS deck rating is concerned, since the inspection guidelines are so vague, age becomes a very easy and attractive factor to the field personnel to rely on. However, this conclusion is far from definitive since the very large majority of structures used in this particular study had only two rating values out of theoretically ten and realistically five possible rating values./p>
Master of Science

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Barbosa, José Fernando Cárdenas. "Fatigue crack propagation in AA 7050-T7451 alloy considering environment, stress ratio, rolling direction and waveform effects." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-27062017-111140/.

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Main extrinsic and intrinsic modifiers factors of crack growth rate in AA7050-T7451 were assessed in order to provide tools for aeronautical structures designers. These tools cover most necessary information to project aircraft\'s structures using the studied alloy, under damage tolerance philosophy. The experimental methodology consisted of use CT specimens, on TL and LT rolling direction to test its behavior under different conditions of stress ratio, force waveform, and the environment. The stress ratio values were 0.1 and 0.5, the force waveform used were sine and trapezoidal or Dwell under normal air laboratory conditions and salt fog 3.5%NaCl weight in order to simulate the marine environment. In Dwell tests, results were checked with the electrical potential drop technique (DCPD) in addition to the crack opening displacement (COD) method. Using the Walker coefficients, calculated on the present research, could be projected accurately the crack propagation behavior on Paris region and do fatigue life predictions using da/dN and S-N diagrams for different stress ratio values. The corrosion environment increases both crack growth rate and ΔKth due to oxides formation on the crack path that generates a crack closure effect. Dwell carrying makes decrease the crack growth rate by decreasing the slope of the Paris line on log (da/dN) versus log (ΔK) curve, instead of shifting down the line as occurs on titanium alloys. Rolling direction change from LT to TL increase the FCG rate in both threshold and Paris region, where the rate change use to be small.
Os principais fatores modificadores extrínsecos e intrínsecos da taxa de propagação de trincas na liga AA7050-T7451 foram avaliados para fornecer subsídios para projetistas de estruturas aeronáuticas, com base na filosofía de tolerância ao dano. A metodologia experimental consistiu em ensaiar corpos de prova do tipo compact tension (CT) da liga nas direções de laminação TL e LT, para verificar seu comportamento sob diferentes razões de tensões, forma de onda e condição ambiente. Os valores de razão de tensão estudados foram 0,1 e 0,5, as formas de onda foram senoidal e trapezoidal ou de Dwell, em condições normais de laboratório, ao ar, e névoa salina 3,5% NaCl, em massa, para simular um ambiente marinho. No caso dos ensaios Dwell, os resultados foram conferidos pelo método de queda de potencial eléctrico (QPE), além do método de flexibilidade elástica. Usando os coeficientes de Walker calculados a partir dos resultados obtidos, pôde-se projetar com precisão o comportamento da propagação de trinca na região de Paris e prever a vida em fadiga usando os diagramas da/dN e S-N para diferentes valores da razão de tensões. O ambiente corrosivo aumenta tanto a taxa de propagação de trinca, quanto o valor de ΔKth por causa da formação de óxidos na trajetória da trinca, que geram um efeito de fechamento sobre a mesma. Quanto à forma de onda, verificou-se que o carregamento Dwell diminui a taxa de propagação de trinca, diminuindo a inclinação das curvas log (da/dN) versus log (ΔK) na região de Paris, ao invés de deslocá-la paralelamente como ocorre com ligas de titânio. A mudança da direção de laminação de LT para TL aumenta a taxa de propagação de trinca por fadiga (PTF) tanto na região de threshold, quanto na região de Paris, onde a mudança de taxa é pequena.
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Pinkerton, Thad Marshall. "Sensitivity of Half-Cell Potential Measurements to Properties of Concrete Bridge Decks." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1258.

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Half-cell potential testing has been recommended as a non-destructive method for assessing the corrosion potential of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. The technique is particularly useful because it can be utilized to evaluate the probability of corrosion before damage is evident at the surface of a bridge deck. The specific objective of this research was to quantify the effects of age, chloride concentration, concrete cover thickness, spatial position, temperature, and presence or condition of epoxy coating on half-cell potential measurements of concrete bridge decks typical of those in Utah. The laboratory testing associated with this research followed a full-factorial experimental design. Nine rectangular concrete slab specimens were prepared, each containing three black reinforcing steel bars at three different concrete cover depths and four epoxy-coated bars each having different coating conditions. Three replicate slabs were created at each of three different chloride concentrations. Three repeated measurements were made at each of three locations along each of the seven bars in all nine of the slabs at three ages, with testing performed at three temperatures per age. In addition, compressive strengths of the concrete cylinders were measured at 7 and 28 days. Statistical analyses of the half-cell potentials were performed using analysis of variation and Tukey's method for multiple comparisons. Although American Society for Testing and Materials C 876 only specifies the measuring of half-cell potentials of uncoated reinforcing steel, credible half-cell potentials were also obtained for epoxy-coated rebar in this research. The results of the testing indicated that all of the factors except for cover thickness and spatial position have important impacts on half-cell potentials over the ranges of levels investigated in this research. Half-cell potential measurements became consistently less negative with increasing age and consistently more negative with increasing chloride concentrations and increasing temperature. With regard to the factor of treatment, the uncoated rebar had the most negative half-cell potential, followed by epoxy-coated rebar with rib scrapes, pliers strikes, end cuts, and full epoxy coatings, in that order. While these data indicate that a coating, even damaged, reduces the probability of corrosion when compared to uncoated rebar, the data also suggest that both the amount and distribution of the coating damage over the affected rebar influence corrosion. Given these research findings, bridge engineers and managers should have confidence in using half-cell potential testing for assessing the corrosion probability of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. In decks with properties similar to those investigated in this research, variations in age, chloride concentration, temperature, and presence or condition of epoxy coating cause variation in half-cell potential readings consistent with the effects of these factors on corrosion. Therefore, the half-cell potential technique is recommended for assessing the probability of corrosion of reinforcing steel on bridge decks. Although the use of epoxy-coated reinforcement, even when damaged, reduces the probability of corrosion, care should still be taken to minimize any damage to the coating during shipping and field handling. Owners and contractors alike should establish appropriate inspection protocols and repair methods for epoxy-coated reinforcing steel used on bridge decks to ensure maximum service life.
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Argyle, Hillary McKenna. "Sensitivity of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurements to Concrete Bridge Deck Properties." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3963.

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Numerous methods have been developed to measure corrosion potential relating to chloride infiltration in concrete, including an emerging application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). EIS involves measurements of electrical impedance to evaluate the corrosion potential of steel reinforcement in concrete. With EIS, current is injected vertically into the concrete bridge deck between the surface and the embedded reinforcing steel, usually the top mat, to evaluate the degree to which the reinforcing steel is protected from chloride infiltration by the entire bridge deck system. The objectives of this research were to 1) investigate the sensitivity of EIS measurements obtained at various frequencies to specific deck properties, 2) recommend a particular frequency or range in frequency at which impedance measurements can differentiate among various levels of corrosion protection for reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks, and 3) compare impedance values measured at the recommended frequency(ies) to more traditional test measurements relating to corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. This research involved impedance testing of 25 concrete slabs, divided into five sets. The effects of sealant presence, curing time, temperature, moisture content, cover depth, water-to-cementitious materials ratio, air content, chloride concentration, and epoxy coating condition on individual impedance measurements were evaluated. For the controlled laboratory experiments, sealant presence, curing time, temperature, moisture content, cover depth, water-to-cementitious materials ratio, air content, and epoxy coating condition were shown to have a statistically significant effect on impedance measurements, with p-values less than 0.05. The statistical analyses indicated that impedance testing in the frequency range of approximately 100 Hz to 1 kHz would be expected to provide the best data about the degree to which the reinforcing steel is protected from chloride infiltration by a bridge deck system. In this frequency range, a high level of differentiation among levels of corrosion protection is expected, and a high speed of data collection is also possible. For the uncontrolled laboratory experiments, a single frequency of 200 Hz was selected for impedance testing. Statistical analyses were performed to compare impedance with more traditional test measurements relating to corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. Longitudinal and transverse cover, dry and wet resistivity, dry and wet half-cell potential, dry linear polarization, and chloride concentration were determined to be correlated with impedance, with p-values less than 0.15.
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Li, Xiaoji. "Understanding Liquid-Air Interface Corrosion of Steel in Simplified Liquid Nuclear Waste Solutions." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365506823.

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Book chapters on the topic "Corrosion Potential Measurement"

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Garcia, S., and F. Deby. "Numerical and Experimental Development of Gradient Potential Measurement for Corrosion Detection in Reinforced Concrete." In RILEM Bookseries, 71–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90236-4_6.

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Dean, Sheldon W. "Electrode Potential as a Key Indicator of Corrosion Performance." In Advances in Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Monitoring and Laboratory Corrosion Measurements, 211–30. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp160920170196.

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Ritter and Hans-Peter Seifert. "4 Detection of stress corrosion cracking in a simulated BWR environment by combined electrochemical potential noise and direct current potential drop measurements." In Corrosion monitoring in nuclear systems: research and applications, 46–62. Boca Raton London New York: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315140391-5.

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Liew, YanHan, and Daniel J. Blackwood. "Novel Interpretation of Volta Potential Measurements from In-Situ SKPFM for Localised Corrosion Analysis in Aluminium Alloys." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 77–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5763-4_17.

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"Potential Measurements with Reference Electrodes." In Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing, and Protection, 13–16. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003592.

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Herrera Hernández, Héctor, Adriana M. Ruiz Reynoso, Juan C. Trinidad González, Carlos O. González Morán, José G. Miranda Hernández, Araceli Mandujano Ruiz, Jorge Morales Hernández, and Ricardo Orozco Cruz. "Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): A Review Study of Basic Aspects of the Corrosion Mechanism Applied to Steels." In Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94470.

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AC impedance measurements have been applied for over twenty years in electrochemistry and physics to investigate the electrical properties of conductive materials and their interfaces using an external electrical impulse (VOLTAGE, V or CURRENT, I) as driving force. Furthermore, its application has recently appeared to be destined in the Biotechnology field as an effective tool for rapid microbiologic diagnosis of living organism in situ. However, there is no doubt that the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is still one of the most useful techniques around the world for metal corrosion control and its monitoring. Corrosion has long been recognized as one of the most expensive stumbling blocks that concern many industries and government agencies, because it is a steel destructive phenomenon that occurs due to the chemical interaction with aqueous environments and takes place at the interface between metal and electrolyte producing an electrical charge transfer or ion diffusion process. Consequently, it is experimentally possible to determine through the EIS technique the mechanism and control that kinectics of corrosion reactions encounter. First, EIS data is collected through a potentiostat/galvanostat apparatus. After, it is fitted to a mathematical model (i.e. an equivalent electrical circuit, EEC) for its interpretation and analysis, fundamentally seeking a meaningful physical interpretation. Finally, this review reports some basic aspects of the corrosion mechanism applied to steels through the experimental EIS response using Nyquist or Bode plots. Examples are given for different applied electrochemical impedance cases in which steel is under study intentionally exposed to a corrosive aqueous solution by applying a sinusoidal potential at various test conditions.
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Molander, Anders. "In-plant corrosion potential measurements in light water reactor environments." In Electrochemistry in Light Water Reactors. CRC Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439832738.ch3.

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Molander, Anders. "In-plant corrosion potential measurements in light water reactor environments." In Electrochemistry in Light Water Reactors, 73–84. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845693022.1.73.

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"6 Evaluation of half cell potential measurements on partly buried structures." In Corrosion investigation a guide to half cell mapping, 26–29. Thomas Telford Publishing, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ciagthcm.25042.0006.

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Molander, A., B. Rosborg, J. Svenson, and P. O. Andersson. "Paper 48. Corrosion potential measurements in reactor water of a PWR." In WATER CHEMISTRY OF NUCLEAR REACTOR SYSTEMS 4, 161–67. Thomas Telford Publishing, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wconrs4v1.03705.0034.

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Conference papers on the topic "Corrosion Potential Measurement"

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Perveen, Khalada, Greg E. Bridges, Sharmistha Bhadra, and Douglas J. Thomson. "An embedded inductively coupled printed circuit board based corrosion potential sensor." In 2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2013.6555373.

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Antunes, Marcio Ribeiro, Tiago Renck, Carlos Fortis Kwietniewski, Bruno Diehl, Eliakin Abreu, Thomas Clarke, José Fonseca, Telmo R. Strohaecker, Fabrício P. Santos, and Carlos J. B. Joia. "Validation Methodology of Crack Growth Measurement Using Potential Drop Method on SENB Specimens." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10902.

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The Brazilian pre-salt oil and gas discoveries brought technical challenges as impressive as the reserves themselves. Besides the concerns with exploration, the oil contamination with CO2, H2S and chloride enriched seawater combined with critical cyclic loads due to the relative movement of the production vessel and high water depths imposes an environment chemically and mechanically aggressive. Suitable materials to work on such harsh conditions are few and one should consider the use of special materials, such as supermartensitic and superduplex stainless steels. Although the corrosion and mechanical properties of these materials are well established, still additional crack growth data in specific environments should be provide to the subsea equipment designer. Indeed, due to the combination of cyclic loading and corrosive ambient the corrosion fatigue phenomenon is a major concern. In order to evaluate the effect of oil contaminants on the corrosion fatigue resistance of candidate materials, one should provide methods for crack growth measurement other than the use of crack gauges since those can not be used in chemically aggressive solutions. The present work aims to validate the potential drop crack growth measurement method comparing the results obtained by this technique with those produced by crack gauges on SEN(B) (Single Edge Notch Bending) specimens in air. This validation effort is essential because the ASTM E647 standard only consider the use of C(T) (Compact Tension) specimens which actually does not represents the real cracks propagation path in crucial subsea equipment, such as risers, drill pipes et cetera, that is through the wall thickness. The results produced by the two tested methodologies have an excellent agreement which makes reliable the use of the potential drop method as an alternative to monitor and measure crack growth in corrosive media.
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Tada, Naoya, Makoto Uchida, Hiroki Maeda, and Atsushi Hozuki. "Detection of Stress Corrosion Cracking by Direct-Current Potential Difference Method." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57913.

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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is one of serious damages occurred in power generating plants, petrochemical plants, and gas pipelines. However, it is not easy to detect and evaluate SCCs because their shapes are complex and they are usually initiated in the weldment composed of base metal, weld metal, and heat-affected zone. In this study, the direct-current potential difference method (DC-PDM) was applied to SCCs artificially introduced in plate specimens and the applicability of DC-PDM to their detection was discussed. It was found from the measurement results that the potential differences near SCC were higher than those away from SCC. This fact suggests that SCC is detectable by DC-PDM.
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Farrag, Khalid A. "External Corrosion Growth-Rate From Soil Properties." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31416.

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External corrosion growth rate is an essential parameter to establish the time interval between successive pipe integrity evaluations. Actual corrosion rates are difficult to measure or predict. NACE Standard RP0502 [1] recommends several methods including comparison with historical data, buried coupons, electrical resistance (ER), and Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) measurements. This paper presents a testing program and procedure to validate the use of the LPR and ER methods to enhance the estimation of corrosion growth rates and improve the selection of reassessment intervals of gas transmission pipelines. Laboratory and field tests were performed using the LPR and ER technologies. The evaluation of soil parameters that affect localized corrosion included its type, moisture content, pH, resistivity, drainage characteristics, chloride and sulfite levels, and soil Redox potential. The results show that the LPR device provides instantaneous measurement of corrosion potential and it may be used to reflect the variations of corrosion rates with the changes of soil conditions, moisture, and temperature. However, LPR measurements are more efficient in saturated soils with uncertainty about its validity in partially and totally dry soils. Consequently, seasonal changes in soil conditions make it difficult to estimate total corrosion growth rate. On the other hand, the measurements using the ER method provided consistent estimates for long-term corrosion growth rates. Corrosion growth rates were also evaluated from a previous study by the National Institute of Standards (NIST) [2]. A procedure was developed to correlate soil properties to corrosion rates from the ER measurements and NIST data. The procedure was implemented in a computer program to provide an estimate of corrosion rate based on the soil input data and allows the operator to use the ER probes to improve the reliability of corrosion rate estimates.
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Su, Cindy X., Luyao Xu, and Frank Y. Cheng. "A Real-Time AC/DC Measurement Technique for Assessment of AC Corrosion of Buried Pipelines." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90086.

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In this work, a real-time AC/DC signal data acquisition (DAQ) technique was developed, which is capable of separating the DC and AC potential components from the recorded total potential, providing mechanistic information about the steel corrosion in the presence of AC interference. It was found that the corrosion of the steel is enhanced by the applied AC current density from 0 to 400 A/m2. With the further increase to 600 A/m2 and 800 A/m2, the corrosion rate of the steel decreases, which is attributed to passivation of the steel at sufficiently high AC current densities, and a compact film is formed on the steel surface. Moreover, the derived mathematic relationships between AC potential and AC current density provides a potential alternative to determine AC current density on pipelines based on measurements of AC potential in the field.
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Evenson, Robert S., and Scott K. Jacobs. "Mechanical Development of a NPS 36 Speed Controlled Pipeline Corrosion Measurement Tool." In 1998 2nd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1998-2042.

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High pressure natural gas pipeline companies conducting in-line magnetic flux leakage (MFL) corrosion inspection operations had to significantly reduce gas throughput velocity to accommodate MFL corrosion tool inspection speeds. A large bypass, variable speed NPS 36 MFL corrosion inspection tool has been developed and run successfully in several high pressure natural gas pipelines without noticeable impact on operational throughput Active speed control enables the tool to run at speeds significantly lower than line velocity commonly experienced in high pressure natural gas pipelines. Unique mechanical innovations include large diameter flow bypass, an efficient speed control mechanism, variable drag backing bars and an independent bypass override system. A floating backing bar system ensures uniform sensor/wall contact for optimum data collection. Magnetic self-levitation of the backing bar results in reduced load on suspension and wheels providing more reliability and longer life to these components. Operating in higher line velocities infers higher possible tool speeds. This potential required development and construction of a more durable tool capable of higher speeds than typical MFL corrosion inspection tools. In this paper, development, testing and field operation of this tool is described.
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Beavers, J. A., C. S. Brossia, and R. A. Denzine. "Development of Selective Seam Weld Corrosion Test Method." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33562.

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Selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC) of electric resistance welded (ERW) pipelines has been identified as a potential risk to pipeline safety. Due to recent pipeline failures, where seam weld defects may have played a significant role, the National Transportation Safety Board called upon the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to conduct a comprehensive study to identify actions that can be used by operators to eliminate catastrophic longitudinal seam failures in pipelines. Battelle contracted Kiefner and Associates, Inc. and Det Norse Veritas (U.S.A.) Inc. (DNV GL) with the objective to assist PHMSA in addressing this issue. The objective of one of the tasks performed by DNV GL was to develop a reliable, rapid, non-destructive, field-deployable test method that can quantify SSWC susceptibility on operating pipelines containing ERW seams. For this effort, two different, field deployable, non-destructive methods were evaluated in laboratory testing. The methods were validated using a standard destructive test for assessing SSWC susceptibility. One method was based on measurement of the local potential difference between the seam weld and the adjacent base metal while the second was based on differences in the corrosion kinetics between the seam weld and the base metal. The method that is based on corrosion kinetics was found to be most effective in identifying SSWC susceptible pipe steels. It utilizes a barnacle cell to conduct linear polarization resistance measurements on small, selected areas of the pipe (e.g., the weldment or base metal). Additional laboratory as well as field-testing is planned to further validate the test method.
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Rund, C. O. "Development of a Miniature Portable X-Ray Instrument for the Non-Destructive Measurement of Stresses." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2825.

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Residual surface stresses have been shown to play a critical role in the failure of metallic components through fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, and corrosion fatigue. A method of measuring these residual stresses remotely and nondestructively would improve the ability to assess the potential failure susceptibility of components in service.
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Wegen, Detlef H., Paul D. W. Bottomley, and Jean-Paul Glatz. "The Electrochemical Modelling of Irradiated UO2 Surface Reactions in Groundwater Solutions." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1129.

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Abstract Electrochemical measurements (potential monitoring, impedance measurement and slow cyclic voltammetry) have been used to monitor the surface reactions of spent fuel under storage conditions. The analysis was aided by equivalent circuit modelling of the interface. The potential of the spent fuel rose rapidly at first, and then more slowly, reaching domains of oxidative dissolution. The sharp potential drops observed were shown by the impedance modelling to be due to cracking in the fuel to the electrode base. The corrosion rates ranged from 0.03–0.2 mg/(m2.d) and were similiar with those estimated by a potential correlation method.
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Zeng, Hongjun, Alan Feinerman, and Zhiliang Wan. "A Sacrificial Method for Fabricating Microchannel Accelerated by Galvanic Corrosion." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81124.

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A metal sacrificial method has been investigated for creation of microchannels by galvanic corrosion in a metal multilayer. To achieve the fastest sacrificial metal combination, different metals and the corresponding etchants are chosen. Channels from 50 μm to 1 μm wide, 0.2 μm high, and 1500 μm long, as well as the channel array is fabricated, using Cr/Cu galvanic metal couple as sacrificial material. The relationship between the etching front vs. the etching time, and the relationship of the etch rate vs. channel width is measured and compared with the etching performance of the single metal. The measurement shows there is approximately 10 times faster etching in the galvanic coupled metals than that in the single metal. SEM images of the channels and channel array made by this method are presented. This method is compatible with the conventional VLSI process, and has the potential for fabricating microchannels with submicron or even nanometer cross section.
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