Relevant bibliographies by topics / Corroded objects

Academic literature on the topic 'Corroded objects'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Sazavska, Vera, Radka Balastikova, Frantisek Krcma, Lucie Radkova, Petra Fojtikova, Radek Prikryl, and Michal Prochazka. "Plasmachemical Conservation of Corroded Metallic Objects." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 715 (May 2016): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/715/1/012012.

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Ingo, G. M., C. Riccucci, M. Lavorgna, M. Salzano de Luna, M. Pascucci, and G. Di Carlo. "Surface investigation of naturally corroded gilded copper-based objects." Applied Surface Science 387 (November 2016): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.06.082.

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Kumar, Ankush, and Jung Kwan Seo. "Probabilistic Risk Analysis of Dropped Objects for Corroded Subsea Pipelines." Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea 55, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3744/snak.2018.55.2.93.

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Mees, Florias, Etienne Cornelis, Patric Jacobs, Maria Teresa Doménech Cárbo, and Hannelore Römich. "Microfocus X-ray computed tomography analysis of corroded glass objects." Engineering Geology 103, no. 3-4 (February 2009): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.06.012.

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Bertholon, R. "Characterisation and Location of Original Surface of Corroded Metallic Archaeological Objects." Surface Engineering 17, no. 3 (June 2001): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708401101517863.

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NICKEL, D., M. HAUSTEIN, T. LAMPKE, and E. PERNICKA. "IDENTIFICATION OF FORGERIES BY MEASURING TIN ISOTOPES IN CORRODED BRONZE OBJECTS*." Archaeometry 54, no. 1 (May 23, 2011): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00598.x.

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Bertholon, R. "The original surface of corroded metallic archaeological objects: characterization and location." Revue de Métallurgie 98, no. 9 (September 2001): 817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal:2001128.

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Kim, Taek Joon, and Koang Chul Wi. "Study of Corrosion Characteristics of Corroded Iron Objects from Underwater by Sulfides." Journal of the Korean Conservation Science for Cultural Properties 29, no. 2 (June 20, 2013): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2013.29.2.09.

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De Ryck, I., A. Adriaens, E. Pantos, and F. Adams. "A comparison of microbeam techniques for the analysis of corroded ancient bronze objects." Analyst 128, no. 8 (2003): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b303588c.

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Burshneva, Svetlana G., Olga B. Kuznetsova, Natalia V. Smirnova, and Ludmila M. Voropay. "Experience of Ultrasonic Use to Stabilize Archaeological Iron Artifacts with Active Corrosion." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 4, no. 34 (December 15, 2020): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2020.4.34.223.235.

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Of all the complex problems of museum storage of archaeological objects, iron objects represent one of the most difficult. In the process of corrosion, an iron object passes through several stages, from oxidation of the metal surface to full mineralization. The greatest problem consists of the items in the stages of oxidation, when the metal is almost completely corroded and converted into minerals. Mineral peels exfoliate under the influence of active corrosion, leading to a loss of historical significance of the object. In the world’s practice of archaeological iron conservation, there are several different ways of stabilization, but none of them can guarantee the integrity of the iron artifact during its museum storage. To date, the most effective conservation method of stabilizing archaeological iron is alkaline sulfite treatment. However, this method has a number of drawbacks, the main of which is the duration of the stabilizing treatment. The authors consider the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the method of processing archaeological iron objects in an alkaline sulfite solution by means of ultrasonic solution activation. In the course of the experimental study, it has been established that the use of ultrasonic in alkaline sulfite treatment hugely increases the efficiency of the method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Reguer, Solenn. "Phases chlorées sur les objets archéologiques ferreux corrodés dans les sols : caracterisation et mécanismes de formation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011748.

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Si les traitements actuels de conservation restauration des objets métalliques du patrimoine permettent de ralentir les processus de corrosion, ils s'avèrent non optimisés dans bien des cas. Les limites des traitements sont dues en grande partie au fait que les produits de corrosions chlorés développés sur les objets archéologiques et les mécanismes à l'origine de leur formation, mettant en jeu le chlore, sont mal connus.
Dans le cadre de cette thèse, l'investigation des mécanismes de corrosion du fer dans les sols en présence de chlore s'est appuyée sur une grande partie analytique consistant en une caractérisation locale et structurale des produits de corrosion chlorés sur un corpus d'objets archéologiques. Pour ce faire, différentes techniques d'analyses de caractérisation micro structurales ont été mises en œuvre, notamment des investigations de diffraction et d'absorption des rayons X sous rayonnement synchrotron ont été menées. Ces travaux de recherche ont permis d'obtenir des résultats fondamentaux dans la caractérisation des phases chlorées. Principalement deux phases cristallines différentes ont été identifiées. L'oxyhydroxyde akaganeite beta–FeOOH, qui est un composé couramment présent dans les produits de corrosion d'objets exposés à un environnement chloré. Par ailleurs l'étude a révélé la présence d'une phase plus fortement chlorée, l'hydroxychlorure beta–Fe2(OH)3Cl. Ce résultat est des plus important car cette phase a rarement été observée auparavant sur les échantillons archéologiques or elle est présente en proportion non négligeable. Un certain nombre de mécanismes de formation de ces phases en fonction des conditions du milieu d'enfouissement ont été proposés. Ceci devra donc être pris en considération pour l'amélioration des méthodes de traitement des objets métalliques du patrimoine. Un second axe de l'étude a consisté à mieux comprendre la localisation du chlore dans l'akaganeite beta–FeOOH, qui est un composé considéré comme le principal responsable de la dégradation des objets archéologiques, car pouvant relâcher des chlorures. Seul le couplage de la caractérisation des produits de corrosion chlorés, à l'échelle microscopique, sur les échantillons archéologiques avec l'étude de phases synthétisées a permis de comprendre les systèmes complexes de corrosion à long terme du fer dans les sols en présence de chlore.
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Reguer, Solenn. "Phases chlorées sur les objets archéologiques ferreux corrodés dans les sols : caractérisations et mécanismes de formation." Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011748v2.

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L'investigation des mécanismes de corrosion du fer dans les sols en présence de chlore s'est appuyée sur une grande partie analytique consistant en une caractérisation locale et structurale des produits de corrosion chlorés sur un corpus d'objets archéologiques. Pour ce faire, différentes techniques d'analyses de caractérisation micro structurales ont été mises en œuvre, notamment des investigations de diffraction et d'absorption des rayons X sous rayonnement synchrotron. Ces travaux de recherche ont permis d'obtenir des résultats fondamentaux quant à la caractérisation des phases chlorées. Un certain nombre de mécanismes de formation de ces phases en fonction des conditions du milieu d'enfouissement ont été proposés. Ceci devra donc être pris en considération pour l'amélioration des méthodes de traitement des objets métalliques du patrimoine. Un second axe de l'étude a consisté à mieux comprendre la localisation du chlore dans l'akaganeite beta–FeOOH, qui est un composé considéré comme le principal responsable de la dégradation des objets archéologiques, car pouvant relâcher des chlorures. Seul le couplage de la caractérisation des produits de corrosion chlorés, à l'échelle microscopique, sur les échantillons archéologiques avec l'étude de phases synthétisées a permis de comprendre les systèmes complexes de corrosion à long terme du fer dans les sols en présence de chlore
For restoration and conservation of metallic artefacts of the cultural heritage, investigation of iron corrosion process in soil related to the presence of chloride was based on local and structural characterization of chlorinated corrosion products formed on archaeological artefacts. To unambiguously identify these corrosion products, some high-resolution techniques as µ-Raman spectroscopy and X Ray synchrotron radiation micro beam techniques, such as micro X-Ray Diffraction and micro X-Ray Absorption experiments, were used to obtain structural micro scale information. A second part of the study concern discussion on the exact location of chlorine anions in akaganeite beta-FeOOH structure. The fundamental results help to gain new insights concerning the influence of such phases in iron corrosion mechanism within their precise characterisation
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Kergourlay, Florian. "Étude des mécanismes de déchloruration d'objets archéologiques ferreux corrodés en milieu marin. Cas des traitements en solutions alcalines aérée et désaérée." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721176.

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Le patrimoine archéologique ferreux est mis en danger dès lors qu'il est extrait de son milieu d'enfouissement. En effet, la modification des conditions environnementales (pH, accès à l'oxygène, etc.) induit des processus d'évolution de la couche de produits de corrosion combinés à des reprises de corrosion menant à l'altération de l'objet archéologique. Afin de stabiliser ce dernier sur le long terme, il est nécessaire d'extraire les ions chlorure piégés au sein du système de corrosion. Les traitements par immersion, notamment en bain de soude, sont parmi les plus utilisés en France. Or, à ce jour, peu d'études ont été consacrées à la détermination des processus physico-chimiques mis en jeu lors de ceux-ci. C'est pourquoi, dans le cadre de cette thèse, un corpus expérimental corrodé en milieu marin (lingots en fer forgé provenant d'épaves gallo-romaines - IIeme siècle av. J.-C. au Ier siècle ap. J.-C. -, Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer, Bouches du- Rhône, France) a été traité par immersion en bain de soude et les faciès de corrosion caractérisés avant, pendant et après ces traitements. Le système de corrosion des objets fraîchement sortis de fouille s'est avéré principalement composé de l'hydroxychlorure de fer β-Fe2(OH)3Cl, phase extrêmement réactive lors de son exposition en milieu oxydant. La mise en place d'une cellule expérimentale a permis le suivi in situ, par microdiffraction des rayons X sous rayonnement synchrotron, de l'évolution de la couche de produits de corrosion lors de l'étape de traitement par une solution de NaOH aérée ou désaérée par bullage de N2. Des dosages réguliers de cette dernière ainsi que la caractérisation ex situ, par un ensemble de techniques micro-faisceau, du système de corrosion à l'issue des étapes de rinçage et de séchage ont également été réalisés. Appréhendé selon une démarche conjuguant des considérations thermodynamique et cinétique, l'ensemble de ces données met en lumière que le phénomène de déchloruration est majoritairement contrôlé par des processus de diffusion des espèces OH et Cl associés à des transformations locales de phases. La dissolution de β-Fe2(OH)3Cl implique la formation de Fe(OH)2 et Fe3O4 en solution désaérée mais également lors d'un traitement en milieu aéré. Ceci pourrait être dû à une consommation massive de l'O2 dissous provenant de la solution par les ions Fe2+ libérés au sein de la couche de produits de corrosion. La présence locale de α-FeOOH, GR(Cl) et β-FeOOH est attestée uniquement en milieu aéré. Ces évolutions structurales peuvent induire une augmentation de la porosité de la couche de produits de corrosion. De ce fait, les courbes de teneur en chlorures relâchés en solution ne peuvent être directement modélisées par une loi de diffusion du chlore dans un milieu poreux. Ce travail ouvre plusieurs perspectives parmi lesquelles la possibilité d'étendre la méthodologie analytique de suivi in situ à divers traitements de déchloruration et d'affiner les modèles d'extraction des chlorures proposés dans la littérature.
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Books on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Chaîne, Jules. Catalogue de Tableaux Modernes Par Gérome, Henner, J. Lefebvre, Objets d'Art, Statuettes: Et Plaquettes En or Et Argent de la Collection de M. E. Corroyer. Hachette Livre Bnf, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Dunbar, James S. "Postdepositional Corrosions in Lithic Items Recovered from Submerged Marine Contexts." In New Directions in the Search for the First Floridians, 194–220. University Press of Florida, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400738.003.0012.

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Both chemical and mechanical weathering can heavily alter lithic artifacts from prehistoric sites. One interesting finding in the Ray Hole Spring assemblage was the use of a so-called non-traditional tool stone (dolomitized arkosic rock) in place of chert. The Douglas Beach artifact (a lanceolate point) was also a chert object that, like the Ray Hole materials, was heavily corroded. This chapter describes the battery of instrumental techniques—SEM, XRF, XRD and EMPA—that the authors used and discusses the results of these analyses. The authors then propose a protocol for evaluating corroded lithics.
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Baker, Jack R., Jeffrey Bilbro, and Wendell Berry. "Standing by Our Words." In Wendell Berry and Higher Education. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813169026.003.0003.

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The kind of language Andy learns from his Port William community stands in contrast to the irresponsible language often spoken in the academy. Such language fails to be responsible to its objects because it either focuses primarily on the speaker’s internal feelings or thoughts or takes on a falsely objective tone and focuses only on the object itself. Thus it fails to relate inner and outer, speaker and object, in a way that enables them to respond to each other. By making this accountability more difficult, the language typically spoken in universities corrodes community rather than contributing to healthy, affectionate places. A responsible language that encourages individuals to have healthy relationships with their places can be maintained only by a love for particular places and objects, a love that motivates speakers to use careful, accurate language. Universities often fail to teach such language, allowing different disciplines to hide in their own jargon rather than fostering a common, community-wide language that encourages individuals to be more broadly accountable. Recovering the trivium and learning from literature may cultivate a more accountable language.
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Giles, Melanie. "Reconstructing Death: The Chariot Burials of Iron Age East Yorkshire." In Archaeologists and the Dead. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753537.003.0028.

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Visitors to the Hull and East Riding Museum used to reach the climax of the Iron Age exhibition, Celtic World, by coming face-to-face with the extraordinary funerary offerings from three chariot burials at Wetwang Slack (Dent 1985). Now removed for urgent conservation, the iron swords from two male burials, their scabbards decorated with intricate, incised Celtic art, and the corroded iron mirror and sealed bronze container from the female burial, were displayed in Perspex cases. Beads of red glass ‘enamel’ adorned both swords and box, and a slender iron pin shone with a thin strip of glowing gold, entwined around a coral bead. These artefacts are marvellous testimonies to Iron Age craft skill, speaking of the repertoire of decorated objects through which power amongst these communities was underpinned and reproduced (Giles 2008). Behind these cases, setting the scene for these personal possessions or funerary gifts, is an oversized image—now the focus of that section of the museum: a reproduction of Peter Connolly’s impressive and moving reconstruction of a chariot burial (Fig. 19.1), loosely modelled on the Kirkburn K5 inhumation (see Stead 1991) and painted in the late 1980s. The image shows a tableau of mourners surrounding a grave, in which has been interred the body of an adult male (Fig. 19.1). He is lying over the wheels of a dismantled chariot, with a shield placed over his chest, and forequarters of pig lain on top. The box of the chariot (still attached to the pole shaft) is being lowered over the body like a coffin, before the grave is back-filled. The participants in this ceremony are predominantly male, with one woman at the edge in an apparent state of grief: two others are in the background, one keeping a pair of children at a distance from the proceedings. Two ponies are being led away from the scene, tossing their heads as if perturbed by the event. Such images have a powerful, instantaneous impact: ‘act[ing] at a distance, across the gallery, in a way a block of text cannot’ (James 1999a: 121).
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Golfomitsou, S. "Metals." In Conservation Science: Heritage Materials, 162–99. 2nd ed. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781788010931-00162.

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The focus of this chapter is metals in art and heritage collections, from native metals to contemporary alloys, their properties, corrosion and conservation, with reference to the analytical techniques used to facilitate their study and long-term preservation. It includes a short introduction to the use of metals and how alloying alters their working and performance properties. The variability in composition and properties also affects the way objects corrode. Corrosion of a metal is the result of its interaction with its environment resulting in irreversible changes to the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the material. These changes can result in a wide variety of effects. Different environments, such as soil-based, atmospheric or marine, will be discussed in relation to these corrosion phenomena. Analytical techniques are divided into those which can provide information about the chemical composition and structure of an object (metallography, XRF, SEM–EDS, etc.), and those which provide information about the extent and type of corrosion (e.g. X-ray imaging, XRD, Raman spectroscopy), all of which facilitate conservation treatments. Analytical methods are valuable tools in conservation. Basic conservation approaches and factors affecting them are also discussed.
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Mazzarino, Sara, Anna Bianchi, Antonella Casoli, Rossano Bolpagni, Michela Berzioli, and Stellina Cherubini. "Dal progetto al restauro di un manoscritto polimaterico." In Dalla tutela al restauro del patrimonio librario e archivistico. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-215-4/016.

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Casapini’s Herbarium is an 18th century manuscript, belonging to the Palatina Library in Parma and currently stored at the Botanical Garden of Parma University. The Herbarium collects nearly 200 samples of dried plant specimens that have been severely affected by physical, biological and chemical degradation. In 2016 the Inner Wheel Club Italia-Parma Est, an international female association, decided to fund the conservation of this Herbarium in order to preserve it and allow its study. A large team of professionals, including conservators, chemists, physicists and a botanist, has been working on the project to secure this unique but very fragile object. This paper discusses the condition assessment, the identification of degradation processes and the first conservation approach to the Casapini Herbarium. Issues related to the treatment of heavily corroded areas, the resewing of the sections and the future storage of the manuscript are also identified and highlighted for further research.
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Hass, Jeffrey K. "Ties That Bind." In Wartime Suffering and Survival, 89–130. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197514276.003.0004.

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Starvation impacted not only political authority. It also severely shocked intimate relations and fields of meaning. In such duress, stealing food and other innovations and violations of norms became growing temptations—yet whether one carried out such strategies depended in part on social distance and empathy vis-à-vis those who might benefit and might suffer. Theft from organizations was easier than stealing from strangers, which was easier than stealing from an acquaintance. Symbolic distance also shaped survival practices, especially as Leningraders were forced to reclassify “food.” Proximity of nontraditional to traditional forms of food shaped culinary innovations. Inanimate objects (e.g., glue) were easier to reclassify as food than animals, and Leningraders ate horses more easily than cats. The most problematic innovation was cannibalism, a recurring narrative touchstone. Paradoxically, cannibalism could corrode and support norms: its appearance created dread of a new unhuman normality, but it also invoked condemnation and reinforced the importance of “civilization.”
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Allison, Penelope M. "Casa degli Amanti (I 10,10–11)." In The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199263127.003.0019.

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Giornali degli Scavi A,VI,7 (Apr. 1929–Dec. 1935): 305–32 (1 Mar.–13 May 1933). Elia 1934: 321–39. The excavations of this house were mainly carried out between March and May 1933, after those of the Casa del Menandro, Casa del Fabbro, and House I 10,8. Excavations to the south of the peristyle garden of the Casa del Menandro, from September 1930, included the upper part of this house. They show comparable attention to the location of finds and the state of the deposit. Description: fragmentary handle. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: probably a door handle. Dimensions: l.: 66 mm; diam.: 32 mm. Description: Bronze fitting with a solid spheroid head and shaft of circular section (max. diam.: 9 mm). Traces of iron corroded to the end of the shaft. Shaft incomplete, with a groove just above the extant end. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5551). Discussion: Excavators identified this as a stud. However, it is more likely to be a terminal for an object, such as a steelyard, although it is rather large (see terminal of cat. no. 1778). Dimensions: 100 mm × 60 mm (GdSc). Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: too small for a furniture base, possibly for a statuette or vessels. Dimensions: h.: 300 mm (GdSc). Description: small amphora. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: Too small for a transportation amphora, probably a household storage jar. See discussion on amphora. Dimensions: h.: 100 mm (GdSc). Description: pyramidal loom weight. Present location: unknown, not inventoried at time of excavation. Discussion: Probably similar to cat. no. 904. See discussion on loom weights. Dimensions: l.: 54 mm; preserved h.: 30 mm. Description: Bow-shaped bronze brooch. Bow consisting of a flattened piece of bronze (w.: 7 mm) with a ridge along the centre, decorated with small dots. Horizontal pivot of circular section with an iron pin. Triangular catch-plate terminating in a knob. Pin missing. Present location: Pompeii Collection, CB (inv. no. 5552). Discussion: similar to cat. no. 311 except slightly larger.
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Conference papers on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Jain, Nisha, Prem Kalra, Rohit Ranjan, and Subodh Kumar. "User guided generation of corroded objects." In the Tenth Indian Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3009977.3010031.

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Atanassova, Victoria, Ivan Kostadinov, and Petya Penkova. "Selective laser cleaning of corroded metal objects." In 10th Jubilee International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091160.

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Bonev, Borislav, Anna Stoynova, and Antonio Shopov. "Computation of Geometric Characteristics from Thermal Images of a Corroded Surface Object." In 2020 XI National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electronica50406.2020.9305132.

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Bonev, Borislav, Anna Stoynova, and Antonio Shopov. "Computation of Geometric Characteristics from Thermal Images of a Corroded Surface Object." In 2020 XI National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electronica50406.2020.9305132.

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FENG, YAWEI, YAPENG GUO, YI ZHUO, HAO DI, JIANFENG WEI, and SHUNLONG LI. "INTELLIGENT IDENTIFICATION OF RIVET CORROSION ON STEEL TRUSS BRIDGE BY SINGLE-STAGE DETECTION NETWORK." In Structural Health Monitoring 2021. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2021/36254.

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Rivet corrosion, which is a common disease of steel truss bridges, directly reflects the safety status of steel structures. The identification of rivet corrosion is critical to ensure the normal service of steel truss bridges. In practical engineering, the main detection method of rivet corrosion is manual visual inspection. However, this method has low efficiency and poses a threat to the personal safety. To address this issue, an intelligent identification method for rivet corrosion on steel truss bridges by a single shot detector (SSD) is proposed after obtaining the panoramic image of the bridge. The sub-images cut from the panoramic image are as the network’s input. Considering the small size of bridge rivets and low precision of small object detection of SSD, this study divides the panoramic image into sub-images of 100 × 100 pixels, and then uses bilinear interpolation to resize the sub-images into 300 × 300 pixels. To improve the robustness of the detection model, gaussian noise, random rotation and roll-over tricks are applied to the original dataset. The expanded dataset includes 600 labelling images, which is divided into training set (80%) and testing set (20%), including corroded rivets and normal rivets. The network is trained with transfer learning technique for 12000 iterations, with cross entropy loss for classification and smooth L1 loss for location. The confidence threshold in network inference is set to 0.6 considering the rivet space distribution to reduce false positives of corroded rivets. The qualitative and quantitative testing results show the accuracy of the proposed approach.
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Zhang, Xi-Ying, Charles Loader, Spencer Schilling, Vicente Hernandez, Kevin McSweeney, and Hai Gu. "3D Laser Scanning for Thickness Measurements of Hull Structures." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-63178.

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Abstract 3D scanning technology uses lasers to scan and capture object surfaces without physical surface contact. Laser scanning is gaining acceptance by many, including owners of marine or offshore assets as a viable inspection and validation method. Laser technology reduces operational times compared to traditional pit gauging techniques, particularly for large areas of widespread wastage or pitting. This paper studies the use of 3D scanning technology for inspection, thickness gauging, and steel wastage measurements of hull structures. Pilot tests were conducted on coated and uncorroded plates in Houston, USA, and uncoated and corroded plates and uncoated and deformed plates in Perth, Australia. Manual Ultrasonic Testing (UT) was conducted, which is the method currently accepted by International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) for thickness measurements of hull structures. For the coated plate, the coating thickness was measured on both sides of the plate. The coating thickness was deducted from the total thickness from 3D scanning before the plate thickness was compared with the UT results. Acceptance criteria are proposed to compare the Manual UT measurements with the 3D scanning measurements to determine if 3D laser scanning is a possible alternative thickness measurement method. The difference of thickness measurements from 3D scanning on coated and uncorroded plates is within 13% when compared with those from UT. The discrepancy is attributed to equipment accuracy tolerances, errors from data post-processing, and measurement errors due to coating surface roughness. For uncoated and corroded plates, the difference reduces to 3%, making the results of 3D scanning acceptable based on acceptance criteria. In addition, the higher accuracy of using 3D scanning to measure plate deformation is demonstrated over traditional methods which use stringlines or laser levels to create a reference surface. Comparisons of the coefficient of variation (CV) on all plates demonstrate the higher precision of 3D scanning technology than that of manual UT. The main limitation of 3D laser scanners is their inability to directly obtain steel thickness for structures that have been coated or painted, especially in watertight/oil-tight structures. The study identifies capabilities, accuracy, and limitations of using 3D scanning technology for thickness measurements of hull structures in the marine or offshore industries. Scanning technology can support inspections providing fast and precise means of thickness measurements of corroded plates without coating. It provides the potential for producing 3D models and analysis for follow-up inspections. Plausible use cases in the maritime industry include defect analysis, fitness for service assessment, damage assessment, and corrosion monitoring.
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7

Nicoletti, E´rika S. M., and Ricardo D. de Souza. "Estimation of Corrosion Rates by Run Comparison: A Stochastic Scoring Methodology." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31576.

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Pipeline operators used to map and quantify corrosion damage along their aging pipeline systems by carrying out periodical in-line metal-loss inspections. Comparison with the data sets from subsequent runs of such inspections is one of the most reliable techniques to infer representative corrosion growth rates throughout the pipeline length, within the period between two inspections. Presently there are two distinct approaches to infer corrosion rates based on multiple in-line inspections: individual comparison of the detected defective areas (quantified by more than one inspection), and comparison between populations. The former usually requires a laborious matching process between the run-data sets, while the drawback of the latter is that it often fails to notice hot-spot areas. The object of this work is to present a new methodology which allows quick data comparison of two runs, while still maintaining local distinct characteristics of the corrosion process severity. There are three procedures that must be performed. Firstly, ILI metal-loss data set should be submitted to a filtering/adjustment process, taking into consideration the reporting threshold consistency; the possible existence of systematic bias and corrosion mechanisms similarity. Secondly, the average metal-loss growth rate between inspections should be determined based on the filtered populations. Thirdly, the defects reported by the latest inspection should have their corrosion growth rates individually determined as a function of the mean depth values of the whole population and in the defect neighborhood. The methodology allows quick and realistic damage-progression estimates, endeavoring to achieve more cost-effective and reliable strategies for the integrity management of aged corroded systems. Model robustness and general feasibility is demonstrated in a real case study.
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Reports on the topic "Corroded objects"

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Recommendations for Departmental Collections Policies. Smithsonian Research Online, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5479/10088/111834.

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An aged and heavily corroded horizontal iron rim lock for the left side of a door was examined at the request of Anson (“Tuck”) Hines, Director of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC). The lock was reportedly found by a contractor on SERC’s property during renovation, and the iron corrosion is typical of exposure to the elements. It was anticipated that the lock would date from the time of the oldest part of the Sellman/Kirkpatrick-Howat house constructed in 1735 or its Greek Revival enlargement in 1841. Examination of the lock included x-radiography. A recommendation was made to not conduct further conservation treatment, such as removal of iron corrosion, because it would threaten the structural integrity of the object. Instead it was advised that the lock be exhibited in a case with conditioned silica gel and regularly monitored, which should keep it in stable condition.
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