Dissertations / Theses: 'Corridors'

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Ferentinos, Andrew (Andrew George Phillip). "Constellations and anti-corridors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72812.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2012.
Page 77 blank. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69).
To perceive the many stars in the sky, corridic logic would force one to view one star at a time, one after the other in a linear order. An anti-corridic logic, on the other hand, is non-linear and permits constellations to emerge: many stars can be perceived at once and the imagination can link them into any desired figure. The space of corridors is linear: rooms are perceived and passed in a fixed sequence of one space following another. The space of anti-corridors is non-linear: rooms are dispersed into a field. Many spaces can be perceived at once and one can pass through them in any order. Desired constellations can emerge. Airports and intermodal hubs typically follow corridic logic. An airport/intermodal hub that is anti-corridic disperses all spaces into a field of options whereby individuals with different itineraries can perceive and move through a field of spatial choices resulting in ideally perceived and desired spatial constellations. This thesis proposes a prototype for an anti-corridic airport/ intermodal hub.
by Andrew Ferentinos.
S.M.

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Malahleka, Mthuthukisi. "Adoption of resources development corridors in SADC : lessons learnt from the Maputo development corridor." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65674.

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This research paper introduces the concept of resource development corridors in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region as a vital alternative towards economic transformation and growth, transport growth and development deficit in the entire region. The research will further discuss the challenges and opportunities associated to the resource development corridors with reference to the Maputo Development Corridor (MDC) as well as the lessons to be learnt from the MDC for future development corridors initiatives. By making use of different sources on the subject matter, the research will highlight transport deficiencies, huddles impending and impacting on the failure by SADC to move towards greater regional resource corridors integration and prosperity. The recommendations regarding moving SADC’s agenda on improving transport network and infrastructure will also be presented.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
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Öberg, Maria. "Governance structure for transport corridors." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18742.

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Transport plays essential roles in almost all economic activities and our daily lives. Transport flows are often agglomerated in soͲcalled transport corridors linking urban and/or commercially important areas.Clearly, it is desirable for transport to be efficient and sustainable, thus there are several onͲgoing initiatives to develop major, often transnational, transport corridors.Diverse stakeholders are affected by and/or involved in the development of these corridors, including travellers, transport buyers,transport service providers and transport authorities (local, regional, national and transnational). Governance of the corridors can be regarded as the interactive involvement of these stakeholders in their development and subsequent management.This is a licentiate by publications based on a covering essay that summarises and synthetises four articles. The topic focuses on the development of a framework for designing governance structures formajor transport corridors, by examining the variables that should be considered, the structural and procedural organisational possibilities, and both stakeholders’ participation and interactions. A qualitative research approach has been applied, as deeper understanding of the underlying issues is needed. Several studies have been performed, in conjunction with the Bothnian green logistic corridorproject, to illustrate key concerns. These studies have included literature reviews, studies of documents describing governance of major European transport initiatives, and interviews with key individualsinvolved in the development of European transport corridors. An international study has been established and supervised to gather experiences from other research projects, including an open workshop for discussion between representatives of various stakeholder groups. In addition, a casestudy of the Bothnian corridor has been performed, including focus group discussions with principal stakeholders.Main findings from the literature studies concern both the design of governance structures and their socioͲpolitical integration. The findings show that there is no universal solution for governance structuresas they have to be adapted to the social, economic and political context, and should have a sufficient flexibility to meet changing requirements. They also show that collaboration between public, private and other stakeholders to address issues earlier handled by a single authority is becoming increasinglycommon, also within the field of transport, particularly when public investment budgets are restricted. Another main finding is that broad stakeholder inclusion is advantageous and engaged leadership crucial for a successful outcome. Both structural and procedural aspects of a governance structure influence theoutcome and need to be considered when designing one. The international study and the workshop confirmed most of these literature findings and additionally highlighted the need for clear goals, objectives and rules for collaboration. Stakeholders´ diverse needs of connecting to a governancestructure were discussed in the workshop. The document studies and the interviews enhanced knowledge of European transport corridor establishment and management practices.

Godkänd; 2014; 20140516 (obemar); Nedanstående person kommer att hålla licentiatseminarium för avläggande av teknologie licentiatexamen. Namn: Maria Öberg Ämne: Arkitektur/Architecture Uppsats: Governance Structure for Transport Corridors Examinator: Professor Kristina L Nilsson, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: PhD, Senior Advisor/Research Fellow Björn Hasselgren, Div. Samhällsplanering och miljö, KTH, Stockholm Tid: Fredag den 19 september 2014 kl 10.00 Plats: F1031, Luleå tekniska universitet

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Benton, Christine S. "Corridors in Conservation and Philosophy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4346/.

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My thesis focuses on philosophical themes implicit in corridor conservation, using the Big Thicket National Preserve as an example. The way in which corridors, boundaries and communities are ambiguous, as both limits and connections, is dealt with. Corridor-patch matrices assemble ecological and human groups into temporary communities, often with conflicting interests. Such constellations foreground how a foreigner's boundary crossing is a notion important to both conservation and a philosophical study of being, seen as being always in relation with otherness. In this context, the notion of foreignness and Jean-Luc Nancy's idea of being-with is explored. Understanding the complex network of relations in which an entity exists leads to an awareness of its ambiguous nature. To facilitate judgment with such ambiguity, one needs a contextual understanding of a situation.

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Bertuzzo, Enrico. "River Networks as Ecological Corridors." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425150.

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River networks and the transport processes that take place in them provide a natural integrating framework for the study of hydrologic, biologic and ecologic processes in river basins. The profound commonalities existing among all types of river basins and their drainage networks, together with the key role that hese structures play in the above dynamics, encourage the search for general behaviours. The aim of this work is to put the basis for a general framework for the analysis of complex system associated with dendritic landscapes. In particular we investigate how the environmental matrix constituted by the ecological corridors defined by the river network could affect patterns and dynamics of the system itself. We first analyze invasion, an ecological process that describe the growth and the spreading of a species in a new territory, finding that the speed of colonization is strongly affected by the structure of the network and the bias of the transport. These hydrological controls provide a null model for the comparison with more complex ecologic processes like the spreading of waterborne diseases. We compare epidemiological data from the real world with the spacetime evolution of infected individuals predicted by a theoretical scheme based on reactive transport of infective agents through a biased network portraying actual river pathways. The scheme is remarkably capable of reproducing actual outbreaks and shows that spatial distribution of different communities and how they are interconnected trough the river network, could indeed affect epidemic dynamics. The previous models are then generalized studying river biogeography. We analyse how the dispersion and growth of several species that compete for the same resources control river biodiversity. We propose a neutral metacommunity model that incorporates network structure. The scheme, along with a proper description of the habitat capacity distribution, is able to simultaneously reproduce several biodiversity patterns of the Missisiippi-Missouri freshwater fishes biota. Overall the results represent a first step toward the understanding of general hydrologic controls on complex ecologic systems.

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Maria, Öberg. "Governance for sustainable development of major European transport corridors : The Scandinavian-Mediterranean TEN-T core network corridor." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65579.

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Intermodal road, rail, air and sea transport networks across the European Union (EU) calledTrans-European Networks for Transport (TEN-T) are currently being implemented. Keyelements, which should be implemented by 2030, are the most strategic TEN-T Core networkcorridors. These nine corridors are expected to enhance smoothness and sustainability oftransport across the EU, thereby enhancing cohesion between EU nations, and relate to non-EU nations. In the EU Regulation 1315/2013 a governance framework for implementation ofthe Core network corridors is outlined, which mainly involves appointment of a Europeancoordinator for each corridor, establishment of Corridor forums for consultations, andformulation of work plans and follow-up measures.This framework is now being implemented in practice. A recognised challenge in the processis engaging the numerous, diverse stakeholders. A possible solution is to introduceappropriate elements of complementary governance. Thus, in this doctoral research, suitablecomplementary governance to support the sustainable development of a Core networkcorridor was investigated. Complementary governance, a concept that was developed andrefined during the project, refers here to additional governance in relation to the governanceframework described for the EU Core network corridors in the EU Regulation 1315/2013.To address an identified gap in knowledge on the nature and utility of complementarygovernance a series of studies was carried out. The studies included a study of relevantacademic literature, studies of EU transport policy and implementation documents regardinggovernance and sustainability, a survey of views of Scandinavian-Mediterranean Corridorforum participants, and interviews with stakeholders in the Baltic Sea region. These studiescollectively constitute a case study, focusing on the Scandinavian-Mediterranean Corenetwork corridor, of the need for, and if a need is present the optimal design of,complementary governance in the process of sustainable development of a Core networkcorridor.The main findings of the studies are that the implementation process of the Core networkcorridors could benefit from complementary governance measures, mainly to increaseinclusiveness, which is crucial for a sustainable development. Complementary governancecould both deepen and broaden stakeholder awareness and involvement. This may haveseveral advantages, such as increasing possibilities for stakeholders to influence the processand benefit from the corridor, align activities, and promote cooperation and learning betweenstakeholders. Moreover, including stakeholders who are based outside the corridors mayimprove distributive aspects of the investments and reduce risks of focusing attention tooclosely on the corridors per se. However, broadening stakeholder inclusion also hasdisadvantages, as it increases the complexity of the process, which may impair itseffectiveness, and may lead to unrepresentative involvement due to differences instakeholders’ interests, administrative capacities and power. It also increases requirements forcoordination.The nature of complementary governance is multifaceted and related to diverse dimensions ofgovernance, such as processes, stakeholder participation and implementation documents. For complementary governance measures a flexible and task-specific multi-level design isemphasised, which may involve various types of engagement mechanisms. Further, thefindings showed a need to extend previously recognised types of public engagementmechanisms based on communication, consultation and participation in the decision-makingstage, by recognising another category, named stakeholder exchange. This category ischaracterised by stakeholder cooperation and collaboration in an implementation stage wheremain goals and policies already are in place.Areas for complementary governance in the implementation process of the Core networkcorridors were indicated in the interview study. They consisted of extended involvement ofprivate stakeholders, extended involvement of regional and local stakeholders, extendedinvolvement of stakeholders geographically external to the immediate corridor, and extendedinformation both generally and specifically (i.e. directed information to specific stakeholders).Several complementary governance measures that could potentially improve implementationof the Core network corridors were raised in the interviews, ranging from minor adjustment inthe existing process to entirely new solutions. These ideas correspond well to the indicatedareas and provide robust foundations for further discussion.Thus, findings from the research suggest several governance measures to systematicallyinvolve and engage diverse stakeholders in the Core network corridor implementationprocess. However, before introducing such measures, they should be assessed together withexisting governance measures, to avoid overlapping or contradictory initiatives, possiblyusing policy packaging approaches, where policies are combined and analysed together toachieve a desired overall outcome. Proposals for future research and practices are presented.

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Eddy, Heath. "A corridor study of McGalliard Road for the development of development guidelines for arterial corridors in Muncie." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958618.

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The purpose of this creative project was to bring about the development and hypothetical implementation of development guidelines for the McGalliard Road commercial corridor in Muncie, Indiana, as an example of how the development guidelines can improve the development character, safety, and creativity within Muncie's urban arterial corridors. The project introduces the development guidelines, explains the existing conditions along McGalliard Road in terms of transportation efficiency, safety, and aesthetics, implements a model design alternative along McGalliard Road based on the guidelines, and presents implementation strategies and recommendations for changes in current development regulation policies which would bring about these changes for arterial commercial developments in the city of Muncie.
Department of Urban Planning

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Kamal, Aasim. "A Novel Approach to Air Corridor Estimation and Visualization for Autonomous Multi-UAV Flights." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1556902471108278.

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Viggiano, Cecilia A. (Cecilia Ann). "Bus use behavior in multi-route corridors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82858.

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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 139-140).
Multi-route corridors are a common feature of bus networks. In these corridors, passengers select between a set of parallel routes. Understanding how passengers make these decisions can help better measure passenger experience and inform network and service planning. This thesis develops three methods for characterizing passenger behavior based on automatically collected data. The first is an empirical analysis relating bus arrivals to bus ridership on each route. The second is a probabilistic model that infers passengers' route choice strategies based on the headways that preceded their bus boarding. The third method is a panel analysis of individuals' stop and route choices over time. These methods are applied to two corridors in London, one that has only local service and another that has both local and limited stop service. On the local-only corridor, the analysis infers that the majority of passengers board the first bus that serves their destination. On the corridor with limited stop service, many passengers opt to wait specifically for the limited stop service route. This boarding strategy is increasingly prevalent as the length of the bus trip increases. Passenger behavior was also found to be affected by crowding, passenger experience on the corridor, and access to real-time information. In addition to the analysis of automated data, this research includes a web-based surveys of users of the limited stop corridor. This survey demonstrates the viability of web-based surveys for collecting detailed information about passenger behavior on a large scale. The survey data shows that passengers' route choice strategies are influenced by factors including trip length, trip purpose, respondent income, use of countdown information, attitudes towards crowding, waiting, and walking, and levels of risk aversion. The thesis relates the analysis of passenger behavior to a set of recommendations for multi-route corridor planning. The advantages and disadvantages of corridor-level scheduling and operation are discussed, and service configuration changes for the limited stop corridor are proposed. Given the prevalence of multi-route corridors and the variety of passengers' route choice behavior within them, the incorporation of an understanding of passenger behavior into network and service planning has the potential to improve passenger experiences on bus networks.
by Cecilia A. Viggiano.
S.M.in Transportation

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Seegmiller, Lindsi. "Modeling and optimization of least-cost corridors." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291279.

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Given a grid of cells, each having a value indicating its cost per unit area, a variant of the least-cost path problem is to find a corridor of a specified width connecting two termini such that its cost-weighted area is minimized. A computationally efficient method exists for finding such corridors, but as is the case with conventional raster-based least-cost paths, their incremental orientations are limited to a fixed number of (typically eight orthogonal and diagonal) directions, and therefore, regardless of the grid resolution, they tend to deviate from those conceivable on the Euclidean plane. Additionally, these methods are limited to problems found on two-dimensional grids and ignore the ever-increasing availability and necessity of three-dimensional raster based geographic data. This thesis attempts to address the problems highlighted above by designing and testing least-cost corridor algorithms. First a method is proposed for solving the two-dimensional raster-based least-cost corridor problem with reduced distortion by adapting a distortion reduction technique originally designed for least-cost paths and applying it to an efficient but distortionprone least-cost corridor algorithm. The proposed method for distortion reduction is, in theory, guaranteed to generate no less accurate solutions than the existing one in polynomial time and, in practice, expected to generate more accurate solutions, as demonstrated experimentally using synthetic and real-world data. A corridor is then modeled on a threedimensional grid of cost-weighted cubic cells or voxels as a sequence of sets of voxels, called ‘neighborhoods,’ that are arranged in a 26-hedoral form, design a heuristic method to find a sequence of such neighborhoods that sweeps the minimum cost-weighted volume, and test its performance with computer-generated random data. Results show that the method finds a low-cost, if not least-cost, corridor with a specified width in a threedimensional cost grid and has a reasonable efficiency as its complexity is O(n2) where n is the number of voxels in the input cost grid and is independent of corridor width. A major drawback is that the corridor found may self-intersect, which is often not only an undesirable quality but makes the estimation of its cost-weighted volume inaccurate.
Med tanke på ett rutnät av celler, som vart och ett har ett värde som indikerar dess kostnad per areaenhet, är en variant av det billigaste banproblemet att hitta en korridor med en specificerad bredd som förbinder två terminaler så att dess kostnadsviktade område minimeras. Det finns en beräkningseffektiv metod för att hitta sådana korridorer, men som är fallet med konventionella rasterbaserade lägsta kostnadsspår är deras inkrementella orienteringar begränsade till ett fast antal (vanligtvis åtta ortogonala och diagonala) riktningar, och därför, oavsett nätupplösning tenderar de att avvika från de tänkbara på det euklidiska planet. Dessutom är dessa metoder begränsade till problem som finns i tvådimensionella nät och ignorerar den ständigt ökande tillgängligheten och nödvändigheten av tredimensionell rasterbaserad geografisk data. Denna avhandling försöker ta itu med problemen som belyses ovan genom att utforma och testa korridoralgoritmer till lägsta kostnad. Först föreslås en metod för att lösa det tvådimensionella rasterbaserade problemet med billigaste korridorer med minskad förvrängning genom att anpassa en distorsionsminskningsteknik som ursprungligen utformades för billigaste vägar och tillämpa den på en effektiv men distorsionsbenägen billigaste korridoralgoritm. Den föreslagna metoden för distorsionsminskning är i teorin garanterad att generera inte mindre exakta lösningar än den befintliga i polynomtid och i praktiken förväntas generera mer exakta lösningar, vilket demonstreras experimentellt med syntetiska och verkliga data. En korridor modelleras sedan på ett tredimensionellt rutnät av kostnadsvägda kubikceller eller voxels som en sekvens av uppsättningar av voxels, kallade "stadsdelar", som är ordnade i en 26-hedoral form, designar en heuristisk metod för att hitta en sekvens av sådana stadsdelar som sveper den lägsta kostnadsviktade volymen och testar dess prestanda med datorgenererade slumpmässiga data. Resultaten visar att metoden hittar en låg kostnad, om inte minst kostnad, korridor med en specificerad bredd i ett tredimensionellt kostnadsnät och har en rimlig effektivitet eftersom dess komplexitet är O (n2) där n är antalet voxlar i ingångskostnadsnätet och är oberoende av korridorbredd En stor nackdel är att korridoren som hittas kan korsa sig själv, vilket ofta inte bara är en oönskad kvalitet utan gör uppskattningen av dess kostnadsviktade volym felaktig.

QC 20210309

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Afandizadeh, Zargari Shahriar Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil and Environmental. "Optimization of integrated multimodal urban transportation corridors." Ottawa, 1996.

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Froggatt, Thomas. "Recycled railway corridors : an urban design perspective." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40145/.

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In order to present an urban design perspective on recycled railway corridors this research considers the importance of place qualities to selected regional and neighbourhood transit contexts, also the spatial implications of a variety of certain differing transit modes are reviewed. This examination considers normative urban design criteria in relation to concepts of sustainable, transit-supportive built environments. This notion required a conceptual framework which accommodates the sophisticated and subjective aspects of regional design. Further, a visual methodology capable of accumulating significant quantities of data relevant to urban design was requisite. A qualitative case study strategy of inquiry was therefore adopted. Three UK recycled railway corridors were selected as case studies and considered independently and interdependently. This comparative analysis was predicated upon a variety of sources; archival, documentary and observational. This research uncovered urban design truths in the empirical context of recycled railway corridors. A high proportion of the instances examined in this research illustrate perfunctory urban design responses to public transit spaces, both in the regional and neighbourhood contexts. These instances were evocative of influences that prompt homogenisation in the anatomy of the built environment, with the automobile-dominated landscape showing prevalence. In these instances, normative urban design qualities were largely absent from the public realm. In lieu of these qualities ‘anywhere’ design responses, that failed to address issues of authenticity and place specificity, occupied those important spaces that relate to the public transit systems. However, this condition was not ubiquitous. This research examined instances where careful interdisciplinary ‘joined-up thinking’ has led to a set of place specific, transit supportive urban designs. Here, the opportunities inherent at the convergence of public transit systems and the human scale public realm have been taken advantage of. This has been achieved through the consideration of issues such as palimpsest, rootedness and place specificity, which have resulted in exemplars of bespoke, transit supportive urban designs.

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Sonnenberg, Anthony H. "Transportation energy and carbon footprints for U.S. corridors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37316.

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Changes in climate caused by changes in anthropogenic (i.e. "man-made") greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have become a major public policy issue in countries all over the world. With an estimated 28.4% of these emissions attributed to the transportation sector, attention is being focused on strategies aimed at reducing transportation GHG emissions. Quantifying the change in GHG emissions due to such strategies is one of the most challenging aspects of integrating GHG emissions and climate change into transportation planning and policy analysis; the inventory techniques and methods for estimating the impact of different strategies and policies are still relatively unsophisticated. This research developed a method for estimating intercity passenger transportation energy and carbon footprints and applied this method to three US DOT-designated high speed rail (HSR) corridors in the U.S.-- San Francisco/Los Angeles/San Diego; Seattle/Portland/Eugene, and Philadelphia/Harrisburg/Pittsburg. The methodology consists of estimating the number of trips by mode, estimating the direct CO₂ emissions, and estimating indirect CO₂ emissions. For each study corridor the impacts of different strategies and policies on carbon dioxide emissions were estimated as an illustration of the policy application of the developed methodology. The largest gain in CO₂ savings can be achieved by strategies aiming at automobile emissions, due to its sizeable share as main mode and access/egress mode to and from airports and bus and train stations: an average fuel economy of 35.5 mpg would result in a 38-42% savings of total CO₂ emissions; replacing 25% of gasoline use with cellulosic ethanol can have a positive impact on CO₂ emissions of about 13.4-14.5%; and a 10% market share for electric vehicles would result in potential CO₂ savings of 3.4-7.8%. The impact of a 20% or 35% improvement in aircraft efficiency on CO₂ savings is much lower (0.88-3.65%) than the potential impacts of the policies targeting automobile emissions. Three HSR options were analyzed using Volpe's long-distance demand model: HSR125, HSR150, and HSR200. Only the HSR150 and HSR200 would result in CO₂ savings, and then just for two of the three corridors: the Pacific Northwest (1.5%) and California (0.8-0.9%). With increased frequency and load factors, a HSR150 system could result in CO₂ savings of 5.2% and 1.8% for the Pacific Northwest and California, respectively. This would require a mode shift from auto of 5-6%. This shift in auto mode share would mainly have to be a result of pricing strategies. From these results, HSR may not be such an obvious choice, however, with increased ridership and diversions from other modes, CO₂ savings increase significantly due to the lower emissions per passenger mile for HSR. The framework developed in this study has the ability to determine the GHG emissions for such HSR options and increased diversions.

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Morin, David M. "The location of transportation corridors regulations and techniques /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0033/MQ27366.pdf.

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Orndorff, Zenah Wilson. "Evaluation of Sulfidic Materials in Virginia Highway Corridors." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29183.

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Road construction through sulfidic materials in Virginia has resulted in localized acid rock drainage (ARD) that threatens water quality, fill stability, integrity of building materials, and vegetation management. The objectives of this study were: i) to develop a state-wide sulfide hazard rating map based on characterization of the geologic formations associated with acid roadcuts, ii) to estimate depth to sulfidic sediments in the Coastal Plain based on landscape relationships, and iii) to evaluate potential acidity testing procedures on diverse materials. Geologic formations associated with acid roadcuts were characterized by potential peroxide acidity (PPA) and S content, and grouped into four categories. Listed in order of increasing severity, these formations included: the Tabb Formation (Coastal Plain), the Lynchburg Group of the Ashe Formation (Blue Ridge), the Chesapeake Group and Lower Tertiary deposits (Coastal Plain), the Millboro shale, Marcellus shale, Chatanooga shale and Needmore Formation (Valley and Ridge), and the Quantico Formation (Piedmont). Evaluation of landscape parameters near Richmond, Virginia, indicated that the likelihood of encountering sulfidic materials within a given depth at a specific location was related to elevation and mapped soil types. Elevation and soil map units were assigned to risk classes to indicate the likelihood of encountering sulfides within a depth of 9 m. Comparison of PPA and S content for 296 diverse samples indicated that S may serve as a screening tool to evaluate materials without carbonates. Comparison of PPA and conventional Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) for 14 diverse samples indicated that PPA and ABA were highly correlated, with PPA yielding 0.60 to 0.95X the amount of acidity as ABA. Potential acidity by Soxhlet extraction and PPA were equivalent for 3 of 4 diverse samples. Average acidity and metal contents of leachate from Soxhlet extractors were correlated with acidity and metals of road drainage. Sulfide hazard analysis should be an essential step in the pre-design phase of highway construction and other earth-disturbing activities.
Ph. D.

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GUIDA, IRENE. "Corridors : Dissolution and Genealogy of a Modernity's SpatialseparatorDevice." Doctoral thesis, Università IUAV di Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11578/278534.

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Horskins, Kerrilee. "The Effectiveness of Wildlife Corridors in Facilitating Connectivity: Assessment of a Model System from the Australian Wet Tropics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16039/1/Kerrilee_Horskins_Thesis.pdf.

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Wildlife corridors have become a widely adopted management strategy for the conservation of species in fragmented habitats. Fragmentation reduces the size of habitat patches and increases the isolation of the populations within them, potentially resulting in extinction due to stochastic processes. The provision of a corridor between habitat patches is believed to increase the level of connectivity through the integration of populations into a single demographic unit, thus increasing the probability of survival. This assumption remains largely untested due to both a lack of investigation, and design limitations in some of the few studies performed. Connectivity is often assumed to occur simply from the presence of individuals within the corridor. Design criteria essential for the rigorous assessment of connectivity were identified and a landscape meeting these criteria selected. The vegetation within the corridor was found to be comparable in both structure and species composition to that of the patches that it connected. Two target species (Melomys cervinipes and Uromys caudimaculatus) were shown to occur along the corridor but not within the surrounding matrix. The combination of these factors indicated that the corridor was suitable for use as a model system and ensured that any subsequent results truly reflected the capacity of the corridor to function in the desired manner. The population structure was similar within the corridor and the connected patches for both species. Weights of individuals, sex ratios and the percentage of juveniles were consistent between the two system components, suggesting that the corridor contained breeding populations. Connectivity was therefore possible via generational gene flow for both species, while long distance movement events for U. caudimaculatus also indicated that direct movement between habitat patches may be possible for this larger species. Despite all ecological parameters indicating that connectivity was likely, genetic markers (mtDNA and nDNA) revealed significant population differentiation between the connected patches for both species. Populations linked by the corridor and those in isolated habitats were found to show the same level of genetic differentiation. Sampling at a finer spatial scale within connected patches and a continuous control habitat showed that population differentiation was common for M. cervinipes. Given the continuity of suitable vegetation, and the presence of individuals of breeding age along the corridor system, this was attributed to social structuring. U. caudimaculatus populations also showed evidence of genetic differentiation within a connected patch and along the corridor, despite panmixia within the continuous habitat. Having investigated a model system, the data from this study has implications for other wildlife corridor studies and for landscape managers. Firstly, the advantages of using an integrated ecological and genetic approach have been demonstrated. While genetic data determined the level of connectivity, the ecological data provided an understanding of the processes operating within the system. Secondly, the level of scale at which wildlife corridor studies are conducted may need addressing. Most studies currently treat a fragmented landscape in a binary manner and consider the connected patch to be the finest "grain". However, the processes responsible for the lack of connectivity were found to operate at the much finer within-patch scale. Finally, this study clearly indicated that not all wildlife corridors will provide connectivity between the connected populations and that connectivity cannot be inferred from the presence of individuals within the corridor. Given that social behaviour such as territorial defence and philopatry are common in many species, especially small mammals, a lack of connectivity via a wildlife corridor may be more common than currently assumed. The successful use of wildlife corridors as a management strategy, and the accurate assessment of their effectiveness therefore requires careful consideration of not only structural attributes of the corridor, but also behavioural, demographic and genetic parameters of the target species.

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Horskins, Kerrilee. "The Effectiveness of Wildlife Corridors in Facilitating Connectivity: Assessment of a Model System from the Australian Wet Tropics." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16039/.

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Wildlife corridors have become a widely adopted management strategy for the conservation of species in fragmented habitats. Fragmentation reduces the size of habitat patches and increases the isolation of the populations within them, potentially resulting in extinction due to stochastic processes. The provision of a corridor between habitat patches is believed to increase the level of connectivity through the integration of populations into a single demographic unit, thus increasing the probability of survival. This assumption remains largely untested due to both a lack of investigation, and design limitations in some of the few studies performed. Connectivity is often assumed to occur simply from the presence of individuals within the corridor. Design criteria essential for the rigorous assessment of connectivity were identified and a landscape meeting these criteria selected. The vegetation within the corridor was found to be comparable in both structure and species composition to that of the patches that it connected. Two target species (Melomys cervinipes and Uromys caudimaculatus) were shown to occur along the corridor but not within the surrounding matrix. The combination of these factors indicated that the corridor was suitable for use as a model system and ensured that any subsequent results truly reflected the capacity of the corridor to function in the desired manner. The population structure was similar within the corridor and the connected patches for both species. Weights of individuals, sex ratios and the percentage of juveniles were consistent between the two system components, suggesting that the corridor contained breeding populations. Connectivity was therefore possible via generational gene flow for both species, while long distance movement events for U. caudimaculatus also indicated that direct movement between habitat patches may be possible for this larger species. Despite all ecological parameters indicating that connectivity was likely, genetic markers (mtDNA and nDNA) revealed significant population differentiation between the connected patches for both species. Populations linked by the corridor and those in isolated habitats were found to show the same level of genetic differentiation. Sampling at a finer spatial scale within connected patches and a continuous control habitat showed that population differentiation was common for M. cervinipes. Given the continuity of suitable vegetation, and the presence of individuals of breeding age along the corridor system, this was attributed to social structuring. U. caudimaculatus populations also showed evidence of genetic differentiation within a connected patch and along the corridor, despite panmixia within the continuous habitat. Having investigated a model system, the data from this study has implications for other wildlife corridor studies and for landscape managers. Firstly, the advantages of using an integrated ecological and genetic approach have been demonstrated. While genetic data determined the level of connectivity, the ecological data provided an understanding of the processes operating within the system. Secondly, the level of scale at which wildlife corridor studies are conducted may need addressing. Most studies currently treat a fragmented landscape in a binary manner and consider the connected patch to be the finest "grain". However, the processes responsible for the lack of connectivity were found to operate at the much finer within-patch scale. Finally, this study clearly indicated that not all wildlife corridors will provide connectivity between the connected populations and that connectivity cannot be inferred from the presence of individuals within the corridor. Given that social behaviour such as territorial defence and philopatry are common in many species, especially small mammals, a lack of connectivity via a wildlife corridor may be more common than currently assumed. The successful use of wildlife corridors as a management strategy, and the accurate assessment of their effectiveness therefore requires careful consideration of not only structural attributes of the corridor, but also behavioural, demographic and genetic parameters of the target species.

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McHugh, Laura Jo, and Laura Jo McHugh. "Assessment of Raptor Migration Corridors in the United States." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625888.

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Of the 36 diurnal raptor species in North America, 31 (~86%) are either complete or partial migrants. During fall and spring, raptors use "leading lines" or topographic features, such as mountain ranges, rivers, and coastlines that help guide them during their migration, and sometimes are redirected by diversion lines, or barriers that they are hesitant to cross (e.g., large bodies of water). Our objective was to assess the use of mountain ranges and rivers in central and southeastern Arizona by migrating raptors and to determine physical and ecological factors that are important to raptor migration across the United States. We counted migrating raptors in the spring and fall for two years at ten paired count stations in central and southeastern Arizona. Arizona counts were incorporated with counts from across the United States to determine physical and ecological features that influence migration rates. Raptor counts for central and southeastern Arizona averaged 2.0 raptors/hour, and were similar to what is observed at most other counting stations in the Central and Pacific Flyways. Stepwise regression models for the United States indicated counts were negatively related to distance from a diversion barrier and positively related to continuity of elevation. Understanding the factors that influence migrating raptors will inform decisions about environmental modifications and their potential influence on raptor populations. The following appendices are written and formatted to be submitted to journals. Although part of a thesis, they are written in plural to reflect the necessary authorship for journal submission. The first appendix, titled "Assessment of raptor migration corridors in central and southeastern Arizona", will be submitted to the Southwestern Naturalist. The second appendix, title "Assessment of raptor migration corridors in the United States", will be submitted to the Journal of Raptor Research.

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Headey, Jonathan Mark. "Modelling of river corridors : modelling urban particulate transport processes." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289714.

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Hardy, Andrew James. "Characterising soil moisture in transport corridors using remote sensing." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1123.

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This thesis assesses the ability of remote sensing techniques to characterise soil moisture in a transport corridor environment. Much of the world’s transport networks are built on earthwork embankments or in cuttings. In the UK, many of these earthworks were constructed in the mid-19th Century and are susceptible to slope instability. Instability in transport corridors is often triggered by an increase in pore pressure, which is directly influenced by an increase in soil moisture. Although a number of studies have investigated the use of remote sensing techniques for estimating soil moisture, they have tended to be conducted under controlled conditions and few have considered their capacity for being operational. This study addresses this point by exploring the use of high spatial resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and airborne hyperspectral imagery for characterising soil moisture in transport corridors. A number of terrain (topographic wetness index (TWI), potential solar radiation, aspect) and spectral analysis (red edge position estimation, derivative stress ratios, continuum removal analysis, partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling, mapping biological indicator values) techniques were assessed using terrestrial systems over a test embankment, and airborne data for a transport corridor. The terrain analysis metrics TWI and potential solar radiation were found to be highly sensitive to the DEM spatial interpolation routine used, with a thin plate spline routine performing best in this study. This work also demonstrated that Ellenberg indicator values extended for the UK can be mapped successfully for transport corridor environments, providing potential for a number of different applications. Individually, the techniques were shown to be generally poor predictors of soil moisture. However, an integrated statistical model provided an improved characterisation of soil moisture with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.67. Analysis of the model results along with field observations revealed that soil moisture is highly variable over the transport corridor investigated. Soil moisture was shown to increase in a non linear fashion towards the toe of earthwork slopes, while contribution from surrounding fields often led to concentrations of moisture in cutting earthworks. Critically, while these patterns could be captured using the data investigated in this study, such spatial variability is rarely taken into account using analytical slope stability models, potentially raising important challenges in this respect.

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Spicer, Sarah J. "From marginalized to optimized : re-envisioning urban highway corridors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67239.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-134).
The past century of highway construction has assumed relentless growth of vehicular traffic capacity. Yet today is an era of highway rationalization, aging facilities, strained finances, peak oil concerns, climate change, and urban regeneration. It is a prudent time to re-examine the place of highways within the urban fabric. The elevated structures associated with the urban highway model were for the most part constructed over 40 years ago and are nearing the end of their functional lives. This fact means that cities must decide whether to rebuild or redesign, and how. The increasing numbers of projects and multiple proposals for highway removal or shrinkage speak to a larger trend of right-sizing and quality of road design rather than a sole focus on throughput. This trajectory has been complimented by new and more context-appropriate guidelines for transportation planning and increased cross-pollination between urban planning and traffic engineering disciplines. This thesis finds that roadway capacity reduction is a successful traffic management strategy, with numbers from case studies in worldwide supporting the concept of traffic network flexibility and demand elasticity. This, in turn, may be able to better define how best to encourage mode shift from single occupancy vehicles to other modes. This thesis is an exploration of highway removal and redesign, and a proposal for context-sensitive transformation of the urban environment's lost spaces. It explores the underlying trends and methodologies of highway removal, examines several case studies, and then applies these findings to the case of McGrath/O'Brien highway in Massachusetts. This may serve as a precedent for future reexaminations of similarly degraded roadways and reveal implications for the future form of infrastrucure-burdened urban areas.
by Sarah J. Spicer.
M.C.P.

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Wheeler, Nicole Marie. "Multi-Criteria Trucking Freeway Performance Measures for Congested Corridors." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/177.

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This research focuses on the development of multi-criteria tools for measuring and analyzing the impacts of recurring and non-recurring congestion on freight corridors in the Portland Metropolitan Area. Unlike previous studies, this work employs several distinct data sources to analyze the impacts of congestion on Interstate 5 (I-5) in the Portland Metropolitan Area: global positioning system (GPS) data from commercial trucks and Oregon DOT corridor travel-time loop data and incident data. A new methodology and algorithms are developed to combine these data sources and to estimate the impacts of recurrent and non-recurrent congestion on freight movements' reliability and delays, costs, and emissions. The results suggest that traditional traffic sensor data tend to underestimate the impacts of congestion on commercial vehicles travel times and variability. This research also shows that congestion is not only detrimental for carriers and shippers costs but also for the planet due to major increases in GHG emissions and for the local community due to large increases in NOx, PM, and other harmful pollutants. The methodology developed throughout this work has the potential to provide useful freight operation and performance data for transportation decision makers to incorporate freight performance measures into the planning process.

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Alonso, Andre Chein. "Delineamento e avaliação de corredores lineares multi-hábitat : estudo de caso com bugio-ruivo (Alouatta clamitans) em mosaico urbano-rural." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30203.

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A fragmentação de habitats em muitos casos limita o potencial de dispersão das espécies. Por esta razão, muitas iniciativas visando à conservação de espécies em paisagens fragmentadas envolvem o delineamento de corredores ecológicos entre manchas de hábitat. Neste trabalho, foi modelado um sistema de corredores entre manchas de mata remanescentes no mosaico urbano-rural de uma grande cidade no sul do Brasil (Porto Alegre, RS), tendo como organismo focal o primata Alouatta clamitans (bugio-ruivo) que está ameaçado de extinção. Nossos objetivos específicos são (a) demonstrar a importância dá conectividade para a presença das populações de bugio-ruivo nos fragmentos florestais em Porto Alegre; (b) detectar os fragmentos mais importantes para manter a conectividade funcional potencial da espécie; (c) desenhar um sistema de corredores potenciais, considerando a capacidade de dispersão do bugio-ruivo em diferentes tipos de manchas de paisagem e (d) propor um método para avaliação da qualidade de corredores, levando em consideração a variação do atrito à dispersão ao longo do traçado dos corredores e a existência de pontos críticos de vulnerabilidade ao longo dos corredores. A vulnerabilidade foi avaliada em função da paisagem vizinha a cada corredor, entendendo-se como vulnerabilidade a probabilidade de futura modificação ou interrupção do corredor devido a mudanças na paisagem vizinha. Foi verificada a existência da relação da conectividade funcional com a presença da espécie nos fragmentos florestais através do índice Integral index of connectivity - IIC. Através da porcentagem de importância do mesmo índice (dIIC) para cada fragmento arbóreo, identificou-se o morro São Pedro como mais importante para a manutenção da conectividade da paisagem. Além do morro São Pedro foram selecionados os fragmentos arbóreos maiores que 10 ha para a modelar corredores utilizando o algoritmo do caminho de menor custo. Utilizou-se dois parâmetros: grau de antropização que avalia o potencial de persistência dos corredores e o atrito que simula a resistência dos habitats ao deslocamento da espécie. Esses parâmetros foram utilizados nas análises de fracionamento para quantificar o número de interrupções no corredor e a qualidade do habitat interno. Os resultados da análise de fracionamento e a extensão foram usados na classificação de qualidade de cada corredor. Foram gerados 136 corredores com extensão entre 4 m e 4128 m, Observou-se que corredores com mais de 1000 m tendem a ser potencialmente mais fracionados. Setenta e três corredores mantiveram-se contínuos segundo o potencial de persistência. A análise da qualidade do habitat revelou que 120 corredores foram fracionados. A área total de habitat efetivo (classe arbórea/arbustiva) para o deslocamento foi reduzida em 41%. A análise de qualidade global revelou que 32% dos corredores são bons, 51% são medianos e 16,2% são ruins. O potencial de persistência revelou-se um método promissor de avaliar o potencial de alteração que o entorno tem em relação ao corredor. A análise de qualidade de habitat mostrou-se eficiente para identificar os corredores lineares de hábitat ou íntegros. O método pode auxiliar na tomada de decisão do custo-beneficio para investir em gestão e manejo de corredores lineares multi-habitat.
Habitat fragmentation limits possibility of species dispersai. Many initiatives aim at species conservation in fragmented landscapes involve the delineation of ecological corridors among habitat patches. Here, we modeled a corridor system among remnant forest fragments in the urban-rural mosaic of a large city in southern Brazil (Porto Alegre, RS), using the endangered primate Alouatta clamitans (brown-howler-monkey) as a focal species. Our specific aims were (a) to demonstrate the importance of connectivity for the presence of the brown-howler monkey in forest fragments; (b) to identify the most important fragments for maintenance of potential functional connectivity for the species; (c) to draw a potential corridor system, considering the species dispersai capacity in different habitat patches; and (d) to propose a new method of corridor quality evaluation, considering friction variation to disperse along corridors and the existence of vulnerable criticai points for the persistence of corridors. Vulnerability was evaluated in terms of neighboring landscape of each corridor (context), being defined as the probability of future corridor modification or interruption due to changes in the neighboring landscape. We examined the existence of a positive relation between functional connectivity and the species presence in forest fragments using the Probability of Connectivity index (dIPC). We identified the São Pedro hill as the most important area for the maintenance of landscape connectivity based on the dIPC. In addition to São Pedro hill, we selected the forest fragmentes larger than 10 hectares to model corridors using the least-cost distance algorithm. To assess vulnerability, we used two parameters: the antropization degree, which is a proxy for potential of corridor persistence, and the friction degree, which is a proxy for habitat resistance to the species dispersal. These parameters were used to examine the fractioning of corridors, that is, to quantify the number of actual or potential interruptions in corridor trajectory and its inner habitat quality. The results of the fractioning analyses and the corridor extension were used as attributes for ranking ali corridors in terms of quality. We generated 136 corridors with an extension between 4 m and 4128 m. Corridors with more than 1000 m tended to be potentially more fractioned, while seventy three corridors were kept uninterrupted according to persistence potential. Habitat quality analysis revealed that 120 corridors were fractioned. Total area of effective habitat (arboreal/shrubby class) to movements was reduced in 41%. The global quality analysis revealed that 32% of corridors are good, 51% are median and 16.2% are bad. Persistence potential appears to be a promising method to evaluate the potential for antropogenic modification imposed on corridors by their surrounding landscape. This method cari help in cost-benefit decision making for management of multi-habitat linear corridors.

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Haq, Anwar Gary Anthony. "Implementation of sustainability in transport corridors : an Anglo-Dutch comparison." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337365.

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Rolley, Stephanie. "Suburban urban patterns : the future form of suburban growth corridors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77324.

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Schwarcz, Stacey. "Service design for heavy demand corridors : limited-stop bus service." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32415.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-110).
Many transit agencies run both limited-stop and local service along some of their heavy ridership corridors. The primary benefit of limited-stop bus service is higher speed which results in reduced running time and thus reduced travel time for passengers. This reduced travel time can improve the service quality for existing passengers and can increase ridership on the route and thus both passengers and the agency can benefit from limited- stop service. However, this strategy also results in increased access time, and in increased wait time for some passengers. This thesis develops a model to evaluate limited stop bus service and then applies the model to develop general design guidelines for limited-stop service. The model created evaluates a specific service configuration including both the local and limited-stop headways and stops. The model calculates travel times, and assigns existing demand to limited and local stops and to limited and local routes, based on minimum passenger (weighted) travel time. This assignment is applied at the origin-destination pair level. The model then calculates several measures of effectiveness, which are used to compare different configurations, including market share (local preferred, limited preferred, and choice passengers), stop and route assignment (number of passengers selecting the limited service stops and limited-stop service), net change in passenger travel time (weighted and un-weighted), and finally productivity (passengers per trip and per vehicle hour for the local and limited-stop service). The model was used to analyze two CTA cases: Western Avenue local Route 49 and limited-stop Route X49, and the Madison Avenue Route 20.
(cont.) The analysis of Western Avenue and Madison Avenue involved testing alternative frequency configurations; alternate stop spacing configurations were analyzed only for Madison Avenue. The specific findings on these routes show that the existing stop spacing on Route X49 is effective, but to improve the overall effectiveness of the route the limited-stop frequency share should be increased to at least 60% of all service on the corridor. Limited-stop service on Madison Avenue was found not to be effective under any configuration due to short trip lengths and evenly distributed demand along the route. The results of the analysis were used to develop two sets of guidelines: corridor (or route) potential for limited stop service and limited-stop service design. The corridor potential guidelines suggest that high concentrations of origins and destinations and long passenger trips are both critical to the effectiveness of limited-stop service. Additional factors that affect the corridor potential for limited-stop service are the existing headway and ridership and the potential for route level running time savings. Limited-stop service design guidelines were developed for setting stop spacing and frequency share. The stop spacing on the limited-stop service should be decided by placing stops at the highest demand points and at all transfer points, and is guided by the distribution of origins and destinations, with the goal of attaining a wide enough stop spacing to achieve significant route level travel time savings. One of the major findings of this thesis is that limited-stop service is generally most effective at greater than 50% frequency share.
by Stacey Schwarcz.
S.M.

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O'Regan, S. J. "Serial founder entrepreneurs : careers and corridors, venture choices and outcomes." Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/68998/.

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Entrepreneurship is important to the development of market economies, in particular founding or ‘starting-up’ new enterprises from scratch. Researchers constantly seek to break down the heterogeneous nature of entrepreneurial behaviour and one suggestion is to focus on experienced habitual entrepreneurs who have owned and managed multiple businesses. Studies have shown that the habitual typology can be divided into more homogenous sub-types. Researchers make a distinction between serial entrepreneurs who focus sequentially on one business at a time and portfolio entrepreneurs who own and manage multiple businesses simultaneously. More is known about portfolio entrepreneurship and drawing on this work a comprehensive set of postulates is beginning to emerge to explain the differences between novice, serial and portfolio entrepreneurs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on the serial entrepreneur. The principal research question is: How is one venture related to the next in the series? Crucially, serial founders possess repeated experience of entry, exit and re-entry into entrepreneurship. Exit from a venture they founded can be positive or negative, i.e. the sale of a business or a managed closure or outright failure. Serial entrepreneurs have to manage the consequences of exit and also make decisions regarding re-entry. An improved understanding of their cyclical, flow-like processes, punctuated with the ‘critical incidents’ of entry and exit is key to understanding the economic selection of entrepreneurs and the accumulation and use of entrepreneurial human capital. Researchers expect ventures to be related and follow industry corridors. This study explores the nature of corridors and goes further by asking if ventures are imitative (i.e. serial entrepreneurs are more cautious) or innovative (i.e. bring new means-ends combinations into existence). Using the commentaries of persistent and active entrepreneurs and details of their ventures, it is clear that experienced founders use particular modes when creating new businesses. Also an unsuccessful exit through closure or outright failure is normal, a common occurrence in a serial career. The study of 112 start-ups reveals that the outcome of the previous venture has a strong bearing on what happens next. Successful exits often lead to start-ups in different industries thereby spreading innovation. Failure of a novice venture leads to a return to essentially the same opportunity to try again. Persistent serial entrepreneurs can recover from unaffordable losses by returning to employment. Exit conditions are also important in understanding portfolio entrepreneurship. Novice or serial ‘singleton’ entrepreneurs transition to portfolio entrepreneurship when their current business is not exited. Unrelated ventures are almost invariably unsuccessful, and consequently attempts to transition are not always successful. Serial entrepreneurs obtain economic benefit from previous ventures through the phenomenon of serial diversification, recycling and reusing knowledge and other resources. There is evidence of learning from experience over the course of a career, as the frequency of negative outcomes falls and each venture in the series survives longer, substantially increasing its chances of a successful exit. On the basis of these findings a new theory of serial entrepreneurship is proposed for further research, and recommendations are made for policy-makers, practitioners and entrepreneurship educators.

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Lanehart, Eric. "Backcountry Trails Near Stream Corridors: An Ecological Approach To Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36918.

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Traditional trails near backcountry stream corridors are often designed with disregard to their potential ecological impact. Ecological and trail related literature show that riparian landscapes are sensitive to recreation impacts. This thesis examines concepts for designing trails in ecologically compatible ways near backcountry stream corridors. The synthesis of the literature regarding the biophysical processes of stream corridors and the effects of trails on the environment is used to help develop principles and guidelines for locating trails near backcountry stream corridors. In turn, these principles and guidelines assisted in the development of a trail assessment manual useful to scientists, planners, and designers. Seven trail impacts are assessed: excessive soil erosion, wet trails, water on trails, excessive trail widths, multiple trails, root exposure, and stream sedimentation. Three backcountry study sites from the Appalachian Ridge and Valley Province of Virginia are evaluated. A ranking and measurement procedure is developed to characterize environmental, use, design/siting, construction, and maintenance factors because each of these influence the degree of impacts along studied trails. Results show that many steep trail segments, especially those without proper drainage features have incised or eroded trail treads. Likewise, many trail segments without drainage features located along flat adjacent landforms have wet soil and water on trail impacts. Overall results show that as use amount or type increase there is a parallel in trail and environmental degradation. Finally, a stream crossing and trail drainage concept is developed illustrating ways to reduce sediment inputs into nearby streams.
Master of Landscape Architecture

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Eyitayo, Damilola L. "Ecological Consequences of Human-modified Landscapes: Features of Powerline Corridors." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1594386597178801.

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Haskell, Christopher Kent. "The Impact of Bicycle Corridors on Travel Demand in Utah." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5702.

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Bicycling as an alternate mode of transportation has been on the rise. It is environmentally friendly in nature and the associated health benefits have made it a popular choice for many types of trips. The purpose of this research is to increase understanding of the impacts of implementing bicycle corridors (as part of the Utah Department of Transportation's (UDOT) Inclusion of Active Transportation policy) on bicycle rate as a function of roadway characteristics. The results of this research will be used in determining when and where bicycle corridors will enhance the transportation system and an estimate of the overall impact of bicycle corridors on travel demand in Utah. Data collection was fundamental in this research project in determining the impacts of bicycle corridors on travel demands in the state of Utah. With limited amount of commuting bicycle data available throughout the state, it was necessary to gather bicycle volume data on corridors with and without bicycle infrastructure. In order to accomplish this data collection effort, two primary methods were used to collect bicycle volume data. The first method was to use automatic bicycle counters on roadways that had bicycle infrastructure. The second method was to gather bicycle volume data through manual counts on roads with and without bicycle infrastructure. After the bicycle volume data were collected the data were analyzed to identify trends. The first step in the analysis was to convert the bicycle volumes into rates to provide a more uniform comparison. Several analyses were run including an analysis of bicycle rate compared to Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT), bicycle rate compared to posted speed limit, bicycle rate compared to number of vehicle lanes, and bicycle rate compared to roadway classification. A comparison of sites with bicycle infrastructure to sites without bicycle infrastructure (non-bicycle infrastructure) was also conducted to identify relationships. Comparison of bicycle rates to AADT resulted in no correlation or statistical relationship in the data but the data do suggest trends. Statistically significant results did occur when comparing bicycle rates to posted speed limits. No statistically significant relationships occurred when comparing bicycle rates to the number of lanes or roadway classification. It was determined that roadways with bicycle infrastructure tend to yield higher bicycle rates than roadways that do not have bicycle infrastructure. Lastly, using shared use path data it is determined that bicycle rates on shared use paths have increased between 1.7 to 7.5 percent from 2013 to 2014 and it is assumed that a similar trend would exist on bicycle infrastructure in the communities.

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Zainal, Abidin Nor Arbina. "Assessing the landscape character of Malaysia's heritage urban river corridors." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/110347/4/Nor_Arbina_Zainal_Abidin_Thesis.pdf.

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This research advances a methodology to examine landscape character in urban river corridors by embracing the values and meanings held by working insider communities in Malaysia's developed heritage river cities, Melaka City and Kuala Terengganu. The methodology is based on the Experiential Landscape Survey - a phenomenological approach in contemporary landscape assessment practice – and employs multiple methods to contribute to the assessment of urban river corridors. This research revealed that the working communities' important urban river corridor territories include the natural and built water-related landscape settings perceived as valuable to support and enable their working routines and personal needs.

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Di, Marino Davide <1995&gt. "EU-China Connectivity: Eurasian Rail Corridors Within the BRI framework." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16027.

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La tesi vuole approfondire la strategia di sviluppo cinese chiamata Belt And Road Iniziative, illustrandone le parti coinvolte, gli accordi stipulati ed i pro e i contro. Il focus è concentrato sulla parte Belt, approfondendo le potenzialità del trasporto ferroviario e i benefici che quest'ultimo potrà ottenere ed ha già ottenuto grazie alla BRI. Nell'ultimo capitolo viene analizzato il processo che porterà le già esistenti infrastrutture Europee ferroviarie con le nuove infrastrutture create nell'ambito della BRI.

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Bahbouh, Kinan. "Corridors de demande : Modélisation et contributions à l’évaluation du niveau de durabilité." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI128.

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L’utilisation du concept de corridor dans le domaine du transport n’est pas nouvelle. En effet, il existe une importante littérature qui étudie le corridor en tant que produit économique et politique issu du développement urbain notamment associé à la présence de services et d’infrastructures de transport. Cependant, l’utilisation de ce concept plurivoque dans la planification et l’évaluation de l’offre au niveau urbain demeure encore limitée, compte tenu de l’absence d’une définition claire et d’une approche de modélisation adaptée à la nature des déplacements, très dispersés, dans l’aire urbaine. Cette thèse contribue à la modélisation des corridors de déplacement en milieu urbain et au diagnostic de l’offre associée. Dans cette optique, la thèse offre une réflexion approfondie sur la définition et les caractéristiques d’un corridor de transport et propose un cadre de modélisation dont l’identification repose sur la demande. Les corridors de demande qui en émergent sont par la suite utilisés en tant qu’unités de référence à l’échelle collective, ce qui permet d’évaluer l’éloignement entre la demande et l’offre d’un corridor. La thèse définie le corridor comme l'enveloppe qui encapsule une forte concentration de trajectoires similaires. Ainsi, elle propose un algorithme, appelé Trajectory Clustering for Desire Line (TraClus-DL), pour identifier les corridors à partir des données origine-destination (OD) désagrégées (lignes de désir). Par la suite, la thèse distingue trois types de corridor de demande et illustre leurs potentiels dans les processus de planification. La thèse propose un cadre d’évaluation du niveau de durabilité de l’offre reposant sur le concept de corridors de demande. De plus, elle évalue les différentes facettes de la structure spatiale de l’offre en utilisant ce cadre. Les résultats obtenus par l’étude des corridors de demande permettent d’avoir une réflexion plus profonde face au concept des corridors et leur rôle dans les processus de planification. Le potentiel de synthétiser une grande matrice OD en illustrant les principaux flux de mobilité offre aux planificateurs un outil « neutre » de visualisation distant de l’offre et des découpages administratifs ou opérationnels. Les mêmes résultats permettent de tracer les axes denses de mobilité ce qui facilite l’identification des potentiels d’amélioration ou la désignation et la planification de l’offre. Enfin, la demande et l’offre sont inséparables. La combinaison entre les deux visions permet de couvrir un angle plus large qu’une étude basée uniquement sur la demande ou sur l’offre. Le but ultime de cette thèse est d’explorer le concept et les limites d’une approche basée sur la demande brute uniquement pour mieux comprendre la mobilité. Cette compréhension amène à identifier les besoins et les potentiels d’amélioration selon une perspective distante de tous les obstacles et les limites préconçues au niveau opérationnel, technique et politique
Many researchers have benefited from the concept of the transport corridor to cover mobility issues. However, the use of the concept of the transport corridor in the urban transportation assessment and planning process remains limited due to the lack of a clear definition and modeling approach adapted to the very scattered nature of travel in urban areas. This thesis provides a deep reflection on the transport corridor’s definition and characteristics and offers a modeling framework to identify urban transportation corridors using the transport demand, represented by the Origin and Destination (OD), in the absence of supply elements. In addition, the thesis provides new insights into the possible ways that demand corridors can be seen and used to understand mobility patterns so to assess, plan, and improve the transportation supply. Furthermore, it proposes a global framework and constructs some indicators that incorporate demand corridor as a “fair” comparison unit, to assess the adequacy of transportation supply with respect to the demand. The first main chapter proposes define corridor as the envelope that encapsulate a high concentration of similar trajectories. Then, it defines demand corridors using demand elements such as origin destination data. The second chapter proposes an algorithm called Trajectory Clustering for Desire Line (TraClus-DL) to identify demand corridors. The followed chapter defines three types of demand corridors and highlights their potential use in transportation planning. The next chapter proposes a framework to assess the supply sustainability level by benefiting from the demand corridor as a reference unit. Work in the following chapter benefits from the framework and provides new insights into the possible ways of assessing the spatial characteristics of the supply structure. The results obtained by studying the demand corridors allow a deep reflection on the concept of corridors and their role in transportation assessment and planning. In addition, to synthesizing and visualizing OD matrixes, demand corridors trace the shape of dense mobility axes and appear as relevant tools for transportation planning, and in the decision-making processes in which an indicator is needed to evaluate the current or planned supply. The use of the demand corridor as a reference unit reflects the collective demand standpoint and offers the possibility to rank supplies based on each supply's level of compliance to the demand flow. Finally, the demand and the supply are inseparable. The combination of the demand corridor studies and the supply corridor studies covers a wider angle than studying the demand or the supply. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to explore the concept and limits of an approach based on the unprocessed demand to better understand the mobility. This understanding leads to identify the needs of potential improvements in the absence of preconceived operational, technical, or political limitations

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Wyma, Rindert. "Birds of the riparian corridors of Potchefstroom, South Africa / Rindert Wyma." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9545.

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A riparian ecosystem is the area between the aquatic and terrestrial setting of a stream, and serves as a corridor and habitat for birds. Several riparian ecosystems are located in urban environments, and three main riparian corridors are located in Potchefstroom. They are the Mooi River, Wasgoed Spruit, and Spitskop Spruit, which encompass a wide range of different vegetation types and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, different habitat types for birds occur along the riparian corridors of Potchefstroom. Factors such as food and water availability, nesting sites, competition, predation, learning, presence of other species, and those species that are able to adapt to environmental changes influence the avian diversity and communities along riparian corridors. The hypothesis is that bird variables along the riparian corridors in Potchefstroom are affected by vegetation, anthropogenic, and seasonal influences. To investigate these affects, two secondary objectives were formulated. The first was to characterise riparian avian habitats (CAHs) according to vegetation and anthropogenic factors, and the second was to identify temporal and spatial changes in avian variables. The three streams were divided into 79 consecutive transects, each 300 m long. The study area consisted of: 17 transects along Spitskop Spruit, 12 along Wasgoed Spruit and 50 along the Mooi River. Bird observations were conducted monthly from June 2006 to June 2007. Birds that were observed with a perpendicular distance ≤ 30 meters towards the streams were included in the results. The bird species that were observed were also classified into different nesting and feeding guilds. Environmental data recorded included: vegetation structure (estimated cover percentages and height classes of trees, shrubs, grasses, herbs, sedges, and reeds), anthropogenic structures (estimated cover percentages of roads, footpaths, bridges, electrical pylons, houses, and drainage pipes), and the presence of informal settlers along each transect (the mean number of people and the space they occupy). Vegetation was monitored in summer– (February 2007 until April 2007) and winter months (June 2007 until August 2007). The anthropogenic structures and the presence of informal settlers (anthropogenic factors) were monitored simultaneously with the bird counts. Transect-time profiles were drawn for the four parameters, which differed on spatial and time scales. Multivariate analyses included non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS), cluster analysis, and indicator species analysis. Cluster analyses and NMS bi-plots were used to define characterised avian habitats (CAHs). Two types of CAHs were characterised: Summer CAHs (summer vegetation and anthropogenic factors) and Anthropogenically CAHs (Anthropogenic factors alone). Bird species were then ordinated with the summer and anthropogenically CAHs on NMS successional vector graphs. The successional vectors illustrate the avian community trajectories of the different CAHs. Indicator species analyses were performed to describe associations between the bird species and the summer and anthropogenically CAHs. The summer and anthropogenic CAHs that were characterised had different avian community trajectories and different species were associated with these CAHs. Different levels in avian diversity appeared among these CAHs, and convergence and divergence in communities appeared among these CAHs. Birds also selected their habitats according to feeding and nesting behaviours. Consequently, it can be deduced that environmental factors such as vegetation structures and anthropogenic factors, as well as seasonality, had an effect on the distribution of birds along the riparian corridors of Potchefstroom.
Thesis (Master of Environmental Sciences)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

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Chatti, Walid. "Corridors de transport de fret et développement polycentrique de l’espace européen." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12006/document.

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En se basant sur l’approche des corridors de transport de fret, cette thèse se propose d’étudier les impacts différenciés des politiques d’infrastructures de transport et de télécommunication sur la spécialisation régionale et, par conséquent, sur le développement polycentrique et durable de l’espace européen. Ce faisant, un premier modèle théorique mixte de la NouvelleEconomie Géographique et de l’économie urbaine a été développé. Il montre d’un côté que le commerce interrégional dépend de la taille et des structures internes des zones urbaines ; d’un autre côté, il souligne le fait que l’intégration régionale influence la taille, les structures de ces zones et, par conséquent, leur spécialisation régionale. Ensuite, un deuxième modèle théorique de la Nouvelle Economie Géographique est développé pour étudier les impacts des politiques d’infrastructures de transport et de télécommunication sur la spécialisation régionale. On montre cependant que le secteur technologique joue un rôle essentiel dans la répartition spatiale des activités industrielles et, par conséquent, dans le développement polycentrique de l’espace européen. Enfin, un modèle économétrique basé sur la problématique de couplage est mobilisé pour tester la relation entre la demande de transport maritime international de marchandises et la croissance économique. On souligne ainsi le fait qu’une approche par corridors peut être un outil de découplage, en permettant un système de transport efficace et durable dans la région euro-méditerranéenne
Based on the freight corridors approach, in this thesis we explore differentiated impacts of transport and telecommunication infrastructure policy on regional specialization and consequently on polycentric and sustainable development of the European area. Within this framework the first mixed theoretical model of New Economic Geography and urban economics was developed. On the one hand it shows that interregional trade depends on the size and internal structure of urban zones; on the other hand it emphasizes that regional integration influences the size and structure of these zones and, as a result, their regionalspecialization. Then the second theoretical model of the New Economic Geography is developed to study the impact of transport and telecommunication infrastructure policy on regional specialization. We demonstrate, however, that technological sector plays an essential role in the spatial distribution of industrial activities, and consequently in the polycentric development of the European space. Finally, an econometric model based on the problem of coupling is applied to test the relation between the demand for international maritime transport and economic growth. Thus it is emphasized that the approach of corridors may beused as an instrument of decoupling, allowing to develop an efficient and sustainable transport system in the Euro-Mediterranean region

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Sass, Christopher Kevin. "Inventory and analysis of the Black Vermillion river system riparian corridors." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1006.

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Oswald, Michelle Renee. "Rating the sustainability of transportation investments corridors as a case study /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 232 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654493671&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Valdes, Diaz Didier M. "Integrated information and traffic control strategies for congested urban freeway corridors /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Gote, Nakul Nitin [Verfasser], Wolfgang [Gutachter] Wende, and Sameer [Gutachter] Deshkar. "Governing for Flood Resilience in Urban Stream Corridors : Lessons from public participation in the Ramnadi corridor / Nakul Nitin Gote ; Gutachter: Wolfgang Wende, Sameer Deshkar." Dresden : Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. http://d-nb.info/122694244X/34.

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Christen, Douglas C. "Distinguishing the habitat, corridor and conduit functions of roads in the spread of invasive plants." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1125611713.

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Narukage, Miki. "The scenic beauty of streetscapes : an assessment of commuting corridors in Vancouver." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58708.

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While it has been well studied that nature in urban parks provides aesthetic values in the urban landscape, limited studies on the aesthetics of streetscapes have been done. The current study aims to seek out the biophysical components that can significantly enhance the beauty of the scenery of urban streets. The target landscape is the busiest commuting corridors located in the residential area of Vancouver and Burnaby, BC. Sixty images showing the driving perspective, retrieved from Google Street View, were used as the sample stimuli. The study comprised two steps of analysis. First, the number of pixels occupied by the tested 24 environment variables that were suggested by previous literature review to have influence on scenic judgments for each image were counted using Photoshop. Second, 47 university students and staff working in the University of British Columbia took part in a perceptual survey where they judged the perceived scenic beauty of sample images on a 10-point scale. Then, the correlation between the pixel counts of the tested variables and the Scenic Beauty Estimates points calculated from the raw ratings was examined. As the result of stepwise regression analysis, 5 variables were observed to be the most prominent predictors of scenic beauty of the streetscape. The visual area of trees, green grass, hedges, and the symmetrical arrangement of trees aligned with the sides of streets, could increase the estimates of beauty, while the presence of power lines could decrease it. The finding that images with more vegetation are appreciated by the participants as more beautiful agrees with the preceding literature. The study methodology allowed us to know the magnitude of the influence of each variable on scenic judgments, and it enabled us to propose the optimal choices of vegetation types and spatial allocation of trees for better design of urban streets. These findings contribute to our understanding of urban streetscape patterns, which may be eventually used to improve the psychological and physical health of urban dwellers.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate

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Schwoertzig, Eugénie. "Contribution des corridors fluviaux à la dynamique de la biodiversité végétale urbaine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAH005/document.

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L'écologie urbaine, qui a émergé depuis une trentaine d'années, s'intéresse notamment à l'étude de la biodiversité et du fonctionnement des écosystèmes en ville. Ce travail de thèse porte plus particulièrement sur l'analyse de l'écosystème "corridor fluvial", et son rôle dans la dynamique des communautés végétales en fonction d'un gradient d'urbanisation. Les corridors fluviaux assurent en effet une connexion structurelle entre la ville et la campagne, et leur conservation en milieu urbain implique d'en comprendre précisément la fonctionnalité écologique. L'objectif de ce travail est donc de mettre en évidence l'effet du gradient d'urbanisation sur la composition et la structure des communautés végétales le long d'un cour d'eau et de vérifier si l'existence en ville de corridors fluviaux contribue efficacement à la dispersion et à la rapidité de colonisation des milieux adjacents. Deux cours d'eau, la Bruche et l'hydrosystème Rhin Tortu - Ziegelwasser, ont été étudiés dans leur partie aval la plus urbaine au sein de l'Eurométropole de Strasbourg. [...]
Urban ecology, which has emerged over the last thirty years, focused in particular on studying thebiodiversity and on functioning of ecosystems in cities. This work explores urban riparian corridors and their rolein the dynamic of plant communities based on a gradient of urbanization. Indeed, riparian corridors provide astructural connection between the city and the countryside, and their conservation involves preciselyunderstanding their ecological functionality. The objectives of this work are to highlight the effect of the urbanization gradient on the composition and structure of plant communities along a river to determine whether the existence of urban riparian corridors effectivelycontributes to the colonization of adjacent areas. Two rivers, the Bruche and the Rhin Tortu - Ziegelwasser, arestudied in their most urban downstream part in the metropolitan area of Strasbourg, eastern France. [...]

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Amacher, Andrew James. "Assessing 100-meter-wide loblolly pine corridors as breeding habitat for landbirds." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20020104-125043.

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I evaluated the suitability of 100-meter-wide loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantation corridors as breeding habitat for landbirds. The study was located within the Lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina on land owned by Westvaco Timber Corporation. The typical rotation-age within the landscape was 20 years. Work was conducted within post-rotation-age (24-31 years) corridors (100-meter-wide linear loblolly pine plantation stands) and patches (typical Westvaco stands). Work was also conducted in rotation-age patches (18-22 years). Vegetation, point count and nest monitoring data were used to compare corridors against patches. Point count surveys were conducted from 1995-1999, and vegetation and nest surveys from 1997-2000. Vegetation data was collected between 1997-2000 within post-rotation-age corridors and patches (24-31 years) and rotation-age patches (18-22 years). I used 10th acre plots to quantify the following variables: pine, hardwood, and snag basal area; pine, hardwood, and snag dbh; canopy cover (%) and shrub cover; overstory and midstory height; and cane and vine cover. Cluster analysis of individual plots found that post-rotation-age corridors and patches were not significantly different (p = 0.1178) from each other, but were significantly different from rotation-age stands (p < 0.0001). Individual comparisons between classifications (post-rotation corridors and patches, rotation-age patches) found most significant differences between post-rotation-age and rotation-age stands. However, post-rotation-age corridors and patches differed significantly in pine basal area (p < 0.0001), pine DBH (p < 0.0001), hardwood basal area (p = 0.0153) and shrub percent cover (p = 0.0358). Point count data was collected from 1996-1999 within post-rotation-age corridors and patches. A total of 94 corridor points and 116 patch points were surveyed from 1996-1999. Corridors had greater species richness (N=44) than patches (N =38). However, species composition was similar between corridors and patches. For all species, the Spearmans rho correlation coefficient on species ranked abundance was highly correlated (r = 0.7877, p <0.0001). In individual species comparisons, only the Red-eyed Vireo was found in lower abundance within corridors (0.213 birds/plot) compared to patches (0.440 birds/plot, p =0.0011). The Brown-headed Cowbird and Blue-gray Gnatcatcher were significantly more abundant within corridors relative to patches. Nest searching was conducted within post-rotation-age corridors and patches, and rotation-age patches from 1997-2000. Three species were compared: the Acadian Flycatcher (n = 132), Hooded Warbler (n = 37), and Northern Cardinal (n = 52). Across all years, no significant difference in nest survival was found between nests within post-rotation-age corridors and nests within post-rotation-age patches for all 3 species. However, when compared to rotation-age patches, Acadian Flycatchers had significantly higher nest survival in both post-rotation-age corridors and patches (p < 0.05). Hooded Warblers had marginally higher nest success in both post-rotation-age corridors and patches relative to rotation-age patches (p = 0.05-0.10). Nest survival was also compared by distance to edge (with loblolly stands aged 0-5 years), distance to road, and distance to edge+road. No significant differences were found in nest survival for the Acadian Flycatcher, Hooded Warbler, and Northern Cardinal based on a nest's distance to edge, road, or road+edge. The Hooded Warbler had 10 out of 37 nests (27%) parasitized by the Brown-headed Cowbird. Nine were within patches and 1 within a corridor. Parasitzed nests were not significantly different from non-parasitized nests based on distance to edge (p = 0.7100), distance to road (p = 0.2111), or distance to edge+road (p= 0.2492).

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LaRue, Michelle A. "Predicting potential habitat and dispersal corridors for cougars in midwestern North America /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1331400631&sid=18&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Wong, Ka-yan Katherine, and 王家茵. "Grounds for change : riparian corridors as catalyst for a resilient coffee landscape." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207158.

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Nevarez-Pagan, Alexis. "SEVERITY ANALYSIS OF DRIVER CRASH INVOLVEMENTS ON MULTILANE HIGH SPEED ARTERIAL CORRIDORS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3478.

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Arterial roads constitute the majority of the centerline miles of the Florida State Highway System. Severe injury involvements on these roads account for a quarter of the total severe injuries reported statewide. This research focuses on driver injury severity analysis of statewide multilane high speed arterials using crash data for the years 2002 to 2004. The first goal is to test different ways of analyzing crash data (by road entity and crash types) and find the best method of driver injury severity analysis. A second goal is to find driver, vehicle, road and environment related factors that contribute to severe involvements on multilane arterials. Exploratory analysis using one year of crash data (2004) using binary logit regression was used to measure the risk of driver severe injury given that a crash occurs. A preliminary list of significant factors was obtained. A massive data preparation effort was undertaken and a random sample of multivehicle crashes was selected for final analysis. The final injury severity analysis consisted of six road entity models and twenty crash type models. The data preparation and sampling was successful in allowing a robust dataset. The overall model was a good candidate for the analysis of driver injury severity on multilane high speed roads. Driver injury severity resulting from angle and left turn crashes were best modeled by separate non-signalized intersection crash analysis. Injury severity from rear end and fixed object crashes was best modeled by combined analysis of pure segment and non-signalized intersection crashes. The most important contributing factors found in the overall analysis included driver related variables such as age, gender, seat belt use, at-fault driver, physical defects and speeding. Crash and vehicle related contributing factors included driver ejection, collision type (harmful event), contributing cause, type of vehicle and off roadway crash. Multivehicle crashes and interactions with intersection and off road crashes were also significant. The most significant roadway related variables included speed limit, ADT per lane, access class, lane width, roadway curve, sidewalk width, non-high mast lighting density, type of friction course and skid resistance. The overall model had a very good fit but some misspecification symptoms appeared due to major differences in road entities and crash types by land use. Two additional models of crashes for urban and rural areas were successfully developed. The land use models' goodness of fit was substantially better than any other combination by road entity or the overall model. Their coefficients were substantially robust and their values agreed with scientific or empirical principles. Additional research is needed to prove these results for crash type models found most reliable by this investigation. A framework for injury severity analysis and safety improvement guidelines based on the results is presented. Additional integration of road characteristics (especially intersection) data is recommended for future research. Also, the use of statistical methods that account for correlation among crashes and locations are suggested for use in future research.
M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering MS

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Klein, L. "Inside the corridors of power : Industrial policy implementation in Brazil, 1974-1979." Thesis, University of Essex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378345.

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Woodburn, Peter. "Computational fluid dynamics simulation of fire-generated flows in tunnels and corridors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282879.

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Feldman, Eric E. (Eric Evans) 1973. "From linear spaces to linear places : recycling rail corridors in urban areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65992.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-102).
To date, the reuse of abandoned railroad rights-of-way has occurred primarily in suburban and rural areas. However, a new generation of urban rail corridor conversions appears to be underway. More urban in more places than prior rail-to-trail projects, the next generation of rail corridor conversions reflects a broader and more complex notion of rail-to-trail projects. These urban projects are more likely to begin with goals and assumptions that look beyond the traditional emphasis on recreation and commuting. They also tend to be more sensitive to changing contexts along a single right-of-way, can serve as focal points or catalysts for other development efforts and involve a wide range of actors and funding sources. The unique opportunities and challenges of disused urban rail corridors suggest the need for new ways of designing and interpreting urban linear space, as well as the need for an expanded technical and financial resource base to support these efforts. This thesis pursues multiple objectives. Chapter 2 reflects on the basic characteristics of urban rail corridors, the linear attributes that make them desirable for reuse and the potential challenges of working in a linear landscape. The second part of this chapter describes the history and evolution of rail corridor conversions as a planning and urban design concept and surveys relevant literature on the subject. Chapter 3 considers existing urban rail-to-trail precedents and describes the most recent generation of urban rail-to-trail projects, drawing on the experience of five ongoing rail-to-trail conversion projects in Boston, Gainesville, Minneapolis, New York City and the District of Columbia. It identifies six typologies for thinking about urban rail-to-trail projects and highlights specific issues encountered in the planning and design of such projects. Chapter 4 contains a more detailed case study of efforts to convert the New Haven, Connecticut segment of the Farmington Canal rail corridor into a greenway. Chapter 5 concludes with a set of guiding principles and action items for future work in this area, as well as proposed directions for further research.
by Eric E. Feldman.
M.C.P.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Corridors'

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