Journal articles: 'Correctional officers'

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Morgan, Robert D., Richard A. Van Haveren, and Christy A. Pearson. "Correctional Officer Burnout." Criminal Justice and Behavior 29, no. 2 (April 2002): 144–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854802029002002.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of several variables that have led to inconsistent results in previous studies on correctional officer stress, as well as expand previous research by exploring the relationship of two new variables (i.e., occupational title and work station) with correctional officer stress. Participants in this study consisted of 250 correctional officers from a Southwestern state department of corrections. Results indicated that older and more educated officers reported increased levels of personal accomplishment, whereas less experienced officers and officers with increasing job responsibilities experienced increased levels of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion and decreased levels of personal accomplishment. Furthermore, gender comparisons indicated that female correctional officers were less likely to respond impersonally to inmates than their male counterparts. Implications and areas for future research are discussed.

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Ferdik, Frank Valentino. "Correctional Officer Risk Perceptions and Professional Orientations: Examining Linkages Between the Two." Criminal Justice and Behavior 45, no. 2 (September 29, 2017): 264–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854817733496.

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Prisons managing treatment programs for incarcerated offenders require correctional officers to share favorable dispositions toward prisoners and rehabilitation if they are to function effectively. How officers judge prisoners, rehabilitative practices, and the broader goals of corrections can influence treatment efficiency, as well as offender conduct. For these reasons, it becomes paramount to investigate the professional orientations of corrections officers and the factors related to them. Using the protection motivation theory as a guiding theoretical framework, the present study collected questionnaire data from South Carolina maximum security correctional officers ( N = 649) to determine whether their risk perceptions of workplace harm shared statistically significant relationships with the counseling roles, concern for corruption of authority, social distance, and punitive orientations. Linear regression estimations found that heightened officer risk perceptions shared significant relationships with each orientation. Findings may be useful for global correctional administrators in need of officers supportive of rehabilitative practices.

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Udechukwu, Ikwukananne, William Harrington, Terrell Manyak, Sabrina Segal, and Steve Graham. "The Georgia Department of Corrections: An Exploratory Reflection on Correctional Officer Turnover and its Correlates." Public Personnel Management 36, no. 3 (September 2007): 247–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102600703600305.

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An exploratory study was conducted to determine the reasons for correctional officer turnover at the Georgia Department of Corrections (GDC). The results indicated that job satisfaction and organizational commitment were factors predicting turnover trend for correctional officers at the agency. Components of job satisfaction such as recognition, compensation, salaries, advancement, creativity, responsibility, moral values and achievement were significantly predictive of turnover for correctional officers. Affective and normative commitment—components of organizational commitment—were also found to be significantly predictive of correctional officer turnover. In addition, this result was achieved only when turnover was conceptualized as intention to quit. This study finds intention to quit to be a better predictor of turnover than actual turnover data.

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Liu, Weiwei, and Bruce Taylor. "Correctional Officer Fatalities in Line of Duty During 2005 to 2015: A Survival Analysis." Prison Journal 99, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885518814705.

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Using correctional officer data from the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial (NLEOMF) database, we describe the characteristics of U.S. correctional officers killed in line of duty in the past decade, and explore how the hazard probability changed over the life span and factors related to these changes. Survival analysis results show that several demographic characteristics were significantly related to changes in hazard probabilities. Study results provided the most recent statistics on profiles of U.S. correctional officers killed in line of duty. Findings have implications for prevention programs aimed at increasing correctional officer safety.

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Dodd, Shannon, Emma Antrobus, and Michelle Sydes. "Cameras in Corrections: Exploring the Views of Correctional Officers on the Introduction of Body-Worn Cameras in Prisons." Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, no. 9 (August 6, 2020): 1190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820942288.

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In this article, we present the findings of a mixed-methods study of correctional officers’ views on the introduction of body-worn cameras (BWCs) within prisons. Using a statewide survey and in-depth interviews with correctional officers in Queensland, Australia, this study explored officer support for BWCs and the relationship between officer support and several key variables. We found widespread support for the use of BWCs among correctional officers. Female officers and those who held more positive views about the perceived functionality of BWCs and the implementation and training process were most supportive. However, the introduction of BWCs also raises some important considerations for prison management that may impact officer support, including whether to allow officers to access BWC footage for report writing or officer training. Consideration must also be made regarding turn-on policies for BWCs given concerns that more frequent recording has the potential to damage rapport with incarcerated individuals.

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Carleton, R. Nicholas, Rosemary Ricciardelli, Tamara Taillieu, Meghan M. Mitchell, Elizabeth Andres, and Tracie O. Afifi. "Provincial Correctional Service Workers: The Prevalence of Mental Disorders." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 25, 2020): 2203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072203.

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Correctional service employees in Ontario, Canada (n = 1487) began an online survey available from 2017 to 2018 designed to assess the prevalence and correlates of mental health challenges. Participants who provided data for the current study (n = 1032) included provincial staff working in institutional wellness (e.g., nurses) (n = 71), training (e.g., program officers) (n = 26), governance (e.g., superintendents) (n = 82), correctional officers (n = 553), administration (e.g., record keeping) (n = 25), and probation officers (n = 144, parole officers). Correctional officers, workers in institutional administration and governance positions, and probation officers reported elevated risk for mental disorders, most notably posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder. Among institutional correctional staff, 61.0% of governance employees, 59.0% of correctional officers, 43.7% of wellness staff, 50.0% of training staff, and 52.0% of administrative staff screened positive for one or more mental disorders. In addition, 63.2% of probation officers screened positive for one or more mental disorders. Women working as correctional officers were more likely to screen positive than men (p < 0.05). Across all correctional occupational categories positive screens for each disorder were: 30.7% for PTSD, 37.0% for major depressive disorder, 30.5% for generalized anxiety disorder, and 58.2% for one or more mental disorders. Participants between ages 40 and 49 years, working in institutional governance, as an institutional correctional officer, or as a probational officer, separated or divorced, were all factors associated (p < 0.05) with screening positive for one or more mental disorders. The prevalence of mental health challenges for provincial correctional workers appears to be higher than federal correctional workers in Canada and further supports the need for evidence-based mental health solutions.

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Suliman, Nina, and Tomer Einat. "Does Work Stress Change Personalities? Working in Prison as a Personality-Changing Factor Among Correctional Officers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 45, no. 5 (March 7, 2018): 628–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854818758141.

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The study uses Behavioral Tendencies Scales tests to examine how employment as a correctional officer affects personality change, particularly neuroticism. We found a significant and conclusive increase in the neuroticism factor among correctional officers and a significant decrease in the comparison groups, as well as higher levels of neuroticism among longer serving officers than among newly employed officers. A significant increase in neuroticism was also revealed among correctional officers after 3 to 4 years of employment. Our findings led us to conclude that employment in prison is linked to changes in correctional officers’ personalities and levels of neuroticism, unlike the trend seen in the comparison groups and in that age group in the wider population. This highlights the distinctive and stressful nature of correctional facilities as a workplace that generates particular, negative personality changes.

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Cook, Carrie L., and Jodi Lane. "Examining Differences in Attitudes About Sexual Victimization Among a Sample of Jail Officers." Criminal Justice Review 37, no. 2 (February 24, 2012): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016812436548.

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The current study examined attitudes about inmate-on-inmate sexual assault among a sample of correctional officers. The study uniquely surveyed a jail sample of correctional officers, a context that has been ignored in the research on correctional officer perceptions of sexual victimization. The study measured officer attitudes toward victim blaming, credibility of inmates who report sexual assault, definitions of sexual assault, and willingness to respond to assault incidents. Additionally, the study examined gender differences in attitudes toward victimization and attitudes toward varying types of inmates. Overall, correctional officers assigned varying levels of blame and credibility to inmates who report sexual assault. Male and female officers also had significantly different attitudes about victim blaming and credibility of inmates. In addition, the sample held diverse views of what constitutes sexual assault and their preferred responses to the issue of sexual victimization. Implications for correctional policy, training, and avenues for continued research are discussed.

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Ricciardelli, Rosemary, and Amber Gazso. "Investigating Threat Perception Among Correctional Officers in the Canadian Provincial Correctional System." Qualitative Sociology Review 9, no. 3 (July 31, 2013): 96–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.9.3.06.

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This paper presents findings regarding the perception and experience of threat among correctional officers in the Canadian provincial correctional system. Men employed in provincial remand centers or corrections institutions in diverse provinces across Canada, who interact daily with prisoners, voluntarily participated in detailed 60- to 180-minute in-depth interviews. Analysis of interview transcripts reveals that violence is prevalent and men either experience or anticipate experiencing physical or verbal victimization at work. Additionally, officers employ strategies, such as a confident and authoritative self-presentation, building positive relationships with colleagues, and respectful relationships with prisoners, to mitigate this threat. However, we found that threat to safety extended beyond simply those of physical or verbal victimization to include threat to men’s sense of self. Specifically, victimization and violence or their threat shape officer’s self-concept over time; the ways officers interact within their prison work environment creates a shift in their self that extends beyond the prison walls.

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Sevy, Bruce A. "The Concurrent Validity of the Correctional Officers' Interest Blank." Public Personnel Management 17, no. 2 (June 1988): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102608801700204.

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The fairness and criterion-related validity of the Correctional Officers' Interest Blank as a predictor of rated job performance was investigated for three county-level corrections-related jobs: correction officers, juvenile counselors, and probation officers. Validity for corrections officers was considerably below that reported in the test manual (Gough, 1982). Criterion unreliability and range restriction in COIB scores were ruled out as explanations of the lower validity. Combining all available data yields an estimated validity of .27 for the COIB as a predictor of the job performance of corrections officers. The COIB is only weakly related to the job performance of juvenile counselors and has no relationship to the performance of probation officers. Analyses based upon the Cleary model (1968) indicate that the COIB fairly predicts the performance of minority and majority corrections officers and juvenile counselors. Further analyses indicate, however, that to avoid adverse impact the passing score for the COIB has to be set so low as to seriously reduce its effectiveness as a selection tool.

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Vann, Maurice. "Persistence and Desistance Narratives: Understanding the Role of Correctional and Probation Officers in Reducing Recidivism." Urban Social Work 3, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2474-8684.3.1.5.

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Forensic social workers and criminal justice reform advocates must better understand how correctional and probation officers influence offender recidivism. Justice system reform efforts focusing on policing and the courts often ignore the roles of correctional and probation officers. Returning citizens' internal “persistence” and “desistance” narratives influence future criminality and successful reintegration into their communities. Correctional and probation officers may influence these persistence and desistance narratives. A narrative analysis investigating the experiences of three Black male returning citizens in Baltimore, Maryland, shows that a person's ability to make sense of their interactions with probation officers while serving community corrections sentences and their interactions with correctional officers within prisons may be one of many factors that influence persistence and desistance narratives.

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LINDQUIST, CHARLES A., and JOHN T. WHITEHEAD. "Correctional Officers as Parole Officers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 13, no. 2 (June 1986): 197–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854886013002005.

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Choi, Jaeyong, Nathan E. Kruis, and Yeonsoo Kim. "The Impact of Occupational Characteristics and Victimization on Job Burnout Among South Korean Correctional Officers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, no. 7 (May 25, 2020): 905–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820923024.

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Prior research on correctional officer burnout has focused almost exclusively on the effects of job characteristics. To date, this line of inquiry has largely failed to consider one important factor associated with the unique nature of prison work—direct exposure to interpersonal victimization (e.g., individuals in custody-on-officers). This article uses data from 269 correctional officers working in four South Korean facilities to examine the differential impact of experienced individuals in custody-on-officers aggression (i.e., verbal violence, minor and serious physical violence) and job characteristics (e.g., role clarity) on three dimensions of job burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a sense of a lack of personal accomplishment). Results show that verbal victimization is more impactful on correctional officer burnout than physical victimization. However, the results also suggest that job characteristics may be more impactful on predicting certain dimensions of correctional officer burnout than experienced victimization. Potential policy implications are discussed.

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Ferdik, Frank Valentino, and Phillip Hills. "Analyzing Further Predictors of Correctional Officer Professional Orientations: The Role of Turnover Intentions." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 6 (January 18, 2017): 1668–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16684567.

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Four professional orientations to which correctional officers can ascribe have been identified in extant literature, and they include the counseling roles, concern for corruption of authority, social distance, and punitive ideologies. Studies have generally found officer demographics and correctional working conditions to be significant predictors of these orientations. No study to date, however, has examined the predictive influence of officer voluntary resignation intentions. Linear regression equations using questionnaire data from a statewide population of maximum security correctional officers ( N = 649) were therefore estimated to explore whether officer desires to terminate their employment accounted for variance in their self-reported orientations. Stronger turnover intentions shared statistically significant associations with three orientations, including negatively predicting the counseling roles and positively predicting the punitive ideology. Implications for correctional policy are addressed.

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Darani, Shaheen, Sandy Simpson, Robert McMaster, Elena Wolff, Sarah Bonato, Graham Glancy, and Jason Quinn. "Mental health training for correctional officers: a systematic review." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.104.

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AimsMental illness amongst prison inmates is a prevailing issue across the world, as mental illnesses are overrepresented in correctional facilities when compared to community populations. Despite this, correctional officers receive little to no training on how to respond to inmates with mental illness. Implementing mental health training could improve officer knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward inmates with mental illness. This could lead to improvements in risk management, humane treatment of inmates, and interprofessional collaboration with healthcare providers. There is limited research on the educational value of inmate mental health training programs for correctional officers. As far as we are aware, there have been no prior reviews of this literature. The goal of the present study is to review this literature to explore the nature and effectiveness of correctional officer mental health training programs.MethodMedical and criminal justice databases were searched for scientific articles describing correctional officer mental health training programs. All studies that included a measurable outcome on either correctional officer knowledge or inmate mental health were included in a final analysis. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews.ResultOf 1492 articles identified using search terms, 11 were included in the analysis. 6 articles described mental health education programs, 2 articles described skill-specific programs, and 3 articles described suicide prevention programs. Training programs reviewed content about mental illness, practical skills, and included didactic and experiential teaching modalities. The programs led to improvements in knowledge, skills, and attitudes amongst officers. Prior mental health attitudes, knowledge, and work experience did not correlate with improvements following training. Officers were more receptive to program facilitators with correctional or lived mental health experience. Experiential teaching was preferred to didactic teaching. A decline in training improvements occurred several months after training.ConclusionThere is limited but positive literature suggesting that structured training programs, particularly involving persons with lived experience and experiential components are beneficial. The decline in training improvements suggests need for ongoing education and systems change within correctional institutions to ensure sustainability of gains. In terms of limitations of this review, it is possible articles pertaining to correctional officer mental health training were not available on the databases searched or some programs may not be published. Studies were also limited in their outcome measurement, with no consistent tools, and no control groups. This review can guide the development, delivery, and contribute toward best practice guidelines for future inmate mental health training programs and studies.

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Jiang, Shanhe, Xiaohong Jin, Deping Xiang, Wendi Goodlin-Fahncke, Shengyong Yang, Na Xu, and Dawei Zhang. "Punitive and Rehabilitative Orientations Toward Offenders Among Community Correctional Officers in China." Prison Journal 96, no. 6 (October 5, 2016): 771–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885516671867.

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This study focuses on two primary control orientations in corrections—punishment and rehabilitation. Based on data collected from 225 community correctional officers in Hubei, China, in 2013, officers’ control orientations toward offenders and the effects of job characteristics, agency characteristics, and sociodemographics on these orientations were investigated. The research found that Chinese community correctional officers integrated punishment and rehabilitation orientations. Agency characteristics and rehabilitation views affected the officers’ views, while only one (age) of the job characteristics and demographic variables was significant.

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Klinoff, Vera A., Vincent B. Van Hasselt, Ryan A. Black, Estefania V. Masias, and Judy Couwels. "The Assessment of Resilience and Burnout in Correctional Officers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 45, no. 8 (July 17, 2018): 1213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854818778719.

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Despite the awareness of occupational stress in first responders, virtually no investigations have focused on correctional officer resilience. The purpose of this study was to (a) identify whether personal strengths (i.e., hope, optimism, social support) are associated with increased resilience, (b) determine the extent to which resilience protects against job burnout, and (c) ascertain whether resilience mediates the negative relationship between personal strengths and reduced burnout. Correctional officers ( N = 300) were randomly selected across five detention facilities. Meditational analyses examined the relationship between personal strengths and burnout, through the construct of resilience. Results revealed hope, optimism, and social support are significantly associated with reduced burnout, and that this relationship is mediated by resilience. These results suggest that personal strengths can reduce burnout in correctional officers by increasing resilience. This is the first study to examine the effects of these positive psychology variables on burnout in a correctional officer population.

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Gordon, Jill, and Thomas Baker. "Examining Correctional Officers’ Fear of Victimization by Inmates: The Influence of Fear Facilitators and Fear Inhibitors." Criminal Justice Policy Review 28, no. 5 (June 4, 2015): 462–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403415589630.

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Perceptions of fear in the correctional literature typically seek to predict factors such as procedural justice, turnover, and satisfaction rather than identify the antecedents to fear. In addition, studies on perceptions of safety consistently uncover female officers reporting higher levels of fear. The current study applies the concepts of fear facilitators and inhibitors, found in the general fear of crime literature, as a mechanism to explain perceptions of emotional and cognitive fear among correctional officers with a focus on differences between males and females. The study examines 40 institutions and 901 correctional officers to investigate theoretical, institutional, and individual predictors of correctional officer perceptions of inmate fear. Results show the predictors of fear differ between males and females and also demonstrate the importance of fear facilitators, individual characteristics, and institutional factors for determining emotional and cognitive fear.

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ROBINSON, DAVID, FRANK J. PORPORINO, and LINDA SIMOURD. "The Influence of Career Orientation on Support for Rehabilitation among Correctional Staff." Prison Journal 73, no. 2 (June 1993): 162–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855593073002003.

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Career orientation and work values were examined as factors that may relate to support for rehabilitation among correctional staff. The study surveyed a representative sample of 332 correctional and case management staff from the five geographical regions of the Federal Correctional Service of Canada. Not surprisingly, correctional officers were found to be less supportive of rehabilitation than case management staff. Among correctional officers, possessing favorable attitudes toward the field of corrections, showing an interest in career development, preferring work that involves people, and desiring work that provides outlets for personal growth were all positive predictors of support for rehabilitation. A desire to work with people was the only significant predictor the authors identified in the smaller sample of case management officers. The results indicated that demographic variables were not helpful in understanding why some correctional workers are more supportive of programming than others. The findings are discussed in terms of the challenges inherent in creating an engaged correctional workforce that supports programming.

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Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève, Peter M. Smith, and Monique A. M. Gignac. "Why Are Workplace Social Support Programs Not Improving the Mental Health of Canadian Correctional Officers? An Examination of the Theoretical Concepts Underpinning Support." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 2665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052665.

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In Canada, public safety personnel, including correctional officers, experience high rates of mental health problems. Correctional officers’ occupational stress has been characterized as insidious and chronic due to multiple and unpredictable occupational risk factors such as violence, unsupportive colleagues and management, poor prison conditions, and shift work. Given the increased risk of adverse mental health outcomes associated with operational stressors, organizational programs have been developed to provide correctional officers with support to promote mental well-being and to provide mental health interventions that incorporate recovery and reduction in relapse risk. This paper uses two theories, the Job Demand Control Support (JDCS) Model and Social Ecological Model (SEM), to explore why workplace social support programs may not been successful in terms of uptake or effectiveness among correctional officers in Canada. We suggest that structural policy changes implemented in the past 15 years have had unintentional impacts on working conditions that increase correctional officer workload and decrease tangible resources to deal with an increasingly complex prison population. Notably, we believe interpersonal support programs may only have limited success if implemented without addressing the multilevel factors creating conditions of job strain.

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FULTON, BETSY, AMY STICHMAN, LAWRENCE TRAVIS, and EDWARD LATESSA. "Moderating Probation and Parole Officer Attitudes to Achieve Desired Outcomes." Prison Journal 77, no. 3 (September 1997): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855597077003005.

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Much has been written about officer role orientations in probation and parole and about principles of effective correctional intervention, but little research adequately reflects the importance of linking these two discussions. The present study on officer attitudes provides a first step toward making this link. An officer attitude survey was conducted with both regular and intensive supervision officers at two different program sites. Each site recently implemented a prototypical model of intensive supervision that encourages a balanced approach to supervision and is based on principles of effective correctional intervention. Prior to implementation, the intensive supervision officers at each site participated in comprehensive training and development activities. The primary purpose of this research was to learn the extent to which attitudes of the intensive supervision officers differ from those of regular supervision officers—who did not participate in the training and development activities—in terms of their focus and style of supervision. The results suggest that a comprehensive approach to training and development can effectively instill in officers the supervision attitudes that are most conducive to promoting offender change.

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M.H, Ernawati. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PETUGAS LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN TUGAS PENGAMANAN PADA LAPAS KLAS IIA PADANG." UNES Law Review 1, no. 4 (June 19, 2019): 414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/ulr.v1i4.55.

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Legal protection against Correctional Officers in carrying out security duties is based on Law No. 12 of 1995 concerning Correctional Services. Given the risks posed by security duties at Correctional Institutions, the Security Officers need to be given legal protection so that the aims and objectives of implementing security tasks can be achieved. which in turn the correctional goals themselves can be realized. With such a background, there are two main problems in implementing legal protection against correctional officers, namely: First What is the legal protection of Correctional Officers in the implementation of security duties at the Padang Class IIA Correctional Institution? Second What are the Constraints of Constraints encountered in the Implementation of Legal Protection for Correctional Officers in the Implementation of the Duty of Security at the Padang Class IIA Correctional Institution? The implementation of legal protection in terms of answering the existing problems, which is seen in the implementation in Padang Class IIA Lapas can be understood that the legal protection of correctional officers in Lapas Klas IIA Padang is carried out based on legal provisions regarding correctional facilities. In this case Padang Class IIA Lapas provides legal protection to correctional officers in carrying out security duties carried out in accordance with applicable legal rules concerning correctional duties and legal rules regarding security itself. The rule of implementative law regarding correcting about safeguards refers to legal rules regarding correctional codes of ethics and legal rules concerning the security of prisons regulated in Permenkumham Number M.HH-16.KP.05.02 of 2011 concerning the Code of Conduct for Correctional Staff and Permenkumham No. 33 of 2015 concerning Security at Penitentiary Institutions and State Detention Houses. The implementation of legal protection against correctional officers in carrying out security duties is carried out based on these legal rules, so that legal protection for correctional officers can be provided in the event that correctional officers carry out security duties based on applicable legal rules.

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Indahdewi, Lauditta, and Rizki Dinanda. "EFFECT OF RADIATION EXPOSURE FROM X-RAY MACHINES AND METAL DETECTORS ON THE HEALTH OF SAFETY OFFICERS OF CORRUPTION INSTITUTIONS." Journal of Correctional Issues 3, no. 1 (April 14, 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52472/jci.v3i1.42.

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Health and safety environtment are an important issue and must be materialized in every task execution. As an officer at the forefront of correctional institutions, P2U officers often do not know the magnitude of the impact of radiation exposure to their health. The impact often can be minimized by given the knowledge to the officers P2U related dangers that can cause health problems for them. Therefore, in this study conducted case study on the magnitude of the dose radiation exposure officers who can provide a prudent effect in carrying out the task through laboratory tests. This research can provide knowledge not only to the officers, but also the community that will later visit the Correctional Institution. According to the data listed in the correctional Database system until March 2020 it has been recorded as many as 9,917 guards who every day were on the machine that had a negative impact on their health. With this research, officers need to implement strict protocols in order to avoid the adverse effects of radiation on their health.

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Brown, Kelly L., and Melissa Benningfield. "Death Row Correctional Officers." Criminal Justice Review 33, no. 4 (October 13, 2008): 524–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016808322323.

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Ricciardelli, Rose, Nicole Power, and Daniella Simas Medeiros. "Correctional Officers in Canada." Criminal Justice Review 43, no. 4 (February 19, 2018): 458–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016817752433.

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The potential for violence in prison shapes how correctional officers (COs) carry out their work. Yet, how provincial COs experience violence remains understudied. Using theoretical insights from the literature on workplace violence in caring and service occupations, we analyze observational data and interviews conducted with COs in eastern Canada. We show that COs carry out their everyday work under increasingly strained conditions (e.g., understaffing) and manage prisoners’ (sometimes violent) responses to deteriorating prison conditions (e.g., overcrowding) by engaging in emotional labor. The COs understand workplace violence as an inevitable “part of the job,” which serves to normalize the experience of workplace violence and deflect attention away from the prison conditions which exacerbate and even produce violence.

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Ricciardelli, Rosemary. "Canadian Provincial Correctional Officers." Journal of Men’s Studies 25, no. 1 (July 31, 2016): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060826515624389.

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Prison environments are structured by hierarchical relations of power and real, or perceived, risk. I use data derived from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 44 male correctional officers (COs) employed or previously employed in Canadian provincial prisons to reveal how their work environment shapes their masculinities and understandings of vulnerabilities—risk perceptions, insecurities, and uncertainties. I argue that the processes of self-regulation used by COs to construct strategies of risk avoidance also achieve and affirm masculinities. As such, I explore COs’ understandings of masculinities in light of culturally, politically, or societally induced vulnerabilities and how they reestablish their masculinities as they engage in processes of risk avoidance. Findings are discussed in relation to how constructions of masculinities and the mitigation of vulnerability and risk are symbiotic processes, where COs appropriate strategies of risk negation.

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LAPSHIN, VITALII E., and TAT’YANA V. GALICH. "The Spread of the Prison Subculture as a Driver of Its Destructive Influence on the Personality of Young Correctional Officers." Penitentiary science 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-2-434-442.

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Introduction: we study the negative impact of the prison subculture on the personality of a correctional officer. Amid the social crisis caused by the collapse of the USSR the prison subculture started to penetrate into popular culture. This was reflected in the widespread use of prison slang, increased interest in the way of “thieves’ life”, and the popularization and romanticization of crime bosses. Behind all this was the devaluation of the norms of law and the state, and the distortion of the status of the penal system officer. Aim: on the basis of generalization of modern experience in studying the impact of the prison subculture, we describe main directions aimed at preventing the destructive impact of the prison subculture on the personality of young correctional staff. The article deals with the issue of modern dissemination of the prison subculture among young people via the mass media, the Internet and oral transmission of information. Methods: we use empirical data collection methods (questionnaires, conversations, interviews), and methods of statistical analysis and system analysis of the data collected. Results: the findings of our research show that the prison subculture infects not only disadvantaged teenagers, but also young people from a socially favorable environment, who then enter departmental universities and serve in correctional institutions. Infection is assessed by the degree of internal involvement of a young person in the prison subculture. In the lightest form of this infection, they simply are well informed about what it is, know the meaning of prison slang expressions, understand the logic of the functioning of groups of inmates, and are favorably disposed toward these phenomena. When the infection is more complex, future and young correctional officers not only demonstrate awareness and tolerance, but also consider the prison subculture necessary and useful; they do not condemn colleagues who use it in solving official tasks and are themselves ready, if necessary, to act in this way. Discussion: general awareness of the specifics of the prison subculture is necessary for the penal system officer, but it should remain a professional knowledge that helps to assess social relations in the group and the operational situation in the correctional institution adequately. At the same time, the prison subculture should receive an objective assessment as an anti-humanistic and anti-legal phenomenon. Therefore, there is a need for systematic and targeted work to prevent the spread and deforming effects of the prison subculture among cadets of departmental universities and young correctional officers. Keywords: Subculture; prison subculture; inmates; correctional institutions; cadets; correctional officers; prevention of professional deformation; correction of the personality of a penal officer

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Griffin, Marie L., Eric G. Lambert, Nancy L. Hogan, Natalie Todak, and John Hepburn. "A Gendered Career Stage Model to Explore Turnover Intent Among Correctional Officers." Prison Journal 100, no. 3 (April 29, 2020): 332–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885520916818.

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Understanding the factors that lead to correctional officer (CO) turnover intent is vital. Using a gendered career stage model, this study focused on male and female CO similarities and differences in workplace variable effects on turnover intent across career stages. The results indicated that organizational commitment was a consistent predictor of turnover intent for all correctional officers at all career stages, and, at various career stages, quality of supervision, coworker support, and safety concerns affected both males and females. Male officers were more likely to leave at all career stages, with the impact of job stress and role ambiguity influencing male turnover intent.

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Nugroho, Trisapto Agung. "Peran Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan dalam rangka Mendukung Revitalisasi Penyelenggaraan Pemasyarakatan." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum 14, no. 3 (November 2, 2020): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2020.v14.445-468.

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This research examined the revitalization of correctional administration, especially related to the role of probation officers. They have a strategic role in correction revitalization that is the pre-adjudication, adjudication and post-adjudication phases. The core business is community research, guidance, legal assistance, supervision, and a team of correctional observers. This research used a mix-method approach, namely, quantitative and qualitative. It consisted of primary data obtained from respondents with a google form questionnaire, a depth-interview with informants, and secondary data collected by books, journals, regulations, theory, and other literature. The results showed that the role had not optimized yet, It was influenced by some factors that were, a lack of the capacity, competence, and skills of the probation officers then, the ratio of the number of clients to the probation officers, budget support, facilities, and infrastructure to carry out the goals. Then the obstacles, namely the difference in perceptions of regulations/rules between correctional technical implementing units related to the duties and functions of probation officers, their skills, in terms of capacity, quantity, and quality to support the revitalization of correctional and lacking budget were factors that affected the optimization of their duties and functions.

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Yuska, Syahrial, Muhammad Ali Equatora, Mitro Subroto, and Imaduddin Hamzah. "Evaluation of Violent Behavior Prisoners by Correctional Officers at Correctional Institutions." Society 10, no. 1 (June 24, 2022): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/society.v10i1.284.

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There have been several violent incidents in the Correctional Unit. One of them in West Sumatra, where the Legal Aid Institute in Padang recorded three cases during the current year in 2019, occurred in Pariaman Class II-B of Correctional Institution. Similar incidents occurred in 2018 in which children in correctional institutions were recorded as experiencing physical, psychic, and sexual violence. The Indonesian Commission for the Protection of Children found that 26.8 percent of children in Special Children’s Prison were victims of violence in 2018. There has been widespread media coverage of officers’ violence and complex correctional problems in the last three years. Based on the literature study and unstructured interviews with correctional officers, several factors cause officers’ violence to prisoners. The following factors are the punitive attitude of correctional officers to prisoners and the lack of human rights knowledge, Standard Minimum Rules (SMR), and correctional officers’ correctional technicalities. In this study, the method used was descriptive qualitative research. Descriptive qualitative research is a form of research that includes a case study of an event. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Case studies are intended to test research questions and problems in which there is no separation of phenomena and context in the spectacle. This study explores the factors that trigger officers to commit violence against correctional inmates. Many things cause violent behavior, such as stress, psychic problems, and soon.

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Svenson, Lawrence W., George K. Jarvis, Robert L. Campbell, Roger W. Holden, Barbara J. Backs, and David R. Lagace. "Past and Current Drug Use among Canadian Correctional Officers." Psychological Reports 76, no. 3 (June 1995): 977–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.3.977.

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Current and past drug use was assessed in a sample of 77 Canadian correctional officers working in two medium-security penitentiaries. 58% of correctional officers indicated past illicit drug use. This compares with 20% of Canadians who indicate illicit drug use. Correctional officers were more likely than the general population to have used marijuana and cocaine.

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Sembiring, Loviga Ferdinanta, Utary Maharani Barus, and Isnaini Isnaini. "Analisis Yuridis Peraturan Penjagaan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Terkait dengan Gangguan Keamanan dan Ketertiban di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIb Lubuk Pakam." ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum 1, no. 2 (October 2, 2019): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/arbiter.v1i2.121.

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The purpose of this study is to find out 1) whether the legal protection carried out by prison officers for prisoners is in accordance with Law Number 12 of 1999 concerning Corrections; 2) how is the security system at Class II B Penitentiary in Lubuk Pakam; and 3) What are the obstacles faced in law enforcement in Class II B Penitentiary, Lubuk Pakam. The research method used in this study is empirical normative juridical supported by secondary data and interviews with informants. The results of the study show that: 1) Correctional Institutions are a place to carry out the formation of prisoners and correctional students. 2) Community service and security and order maintenance in Lapas are not yet optimal, the quality of human security officers is low, and 3) Development officers and administrative officers must always be consolidated through coaching officers with concurrent and special meetings/briefings.

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Lerman, Amy E., and Jessie Harney. "Feedback Effects and the Criminal Justice Bureaucracy: Officer Attitudes and the Future of Correctional Reform." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 685, no. 1 (September 2019): 227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716219869907.

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Although political scientists have documented the effects of incarceration on those serving time in prison and jail, there has been much less discussion about feedback effects on the attitudes of those who work in correctional institutions. This is a considerable oversight, given the enormous growth of the correctional workforce and its importance in the implementation of crime policy. In this article, we present original survey data from a large sample of California correctional officers. Our analyses suggest that characteristics of the institutions where correctional officers work—the levels of violence to which they are exposed, the proportion of inmates involved in high-quality rehabilitation programs, as well as the quality of management—help to shape officers’ attitudes toward rehabilitation. These dynamics have important implications for how public policies can create political constituencies among criminal justice officers. The attitudes of these officers should therefore be a concern for scholars, advocates, and practitioners who are interested in political strategies for long-term, meaningful reform to the correctional system.

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MAHAFFEY, KATHERINE J., and DAVID K. MARCUS. "Correctional Officers' Attitudes Toward AIDS." Criminal Justice and Behavior 22, no. 2 (June 1995): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854895022002001.

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This study examined correctional officers' views and attitudes about working with inmates with AIDS. At three prisons in Texas, 153 correctional officers were administered the AIDS in Prison Scale, the AIDS Attitude Scale, an AIDS/HIV Knowledge Test, and a Homophobia Scale. Correctional officers who had more positive attitudes about people with AIDS, who were more knowledgeable about AIDS/HIV, and who were older were more likely to have more positive views about working with inmates with AIDS/HIV. Most of the officers expressed at least some concerns about working with inmates with AIDS. Education programs that address negative attitudes about persons with AIDS may help improve the conditions of HIV-infected inmates.

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Hughes, Marie Adele, Ronald A. Ratliff, Jerry L. Purswell, and Joy Hadwiger. "A Content Validation Methodology for Job Related Physical Performance Tests." Public Personnel Management 18, no. 4 (December 1989): 487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102608901800408.

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This article describes a research study that was performed to provide an initial foundation for setting physical performance personnel selection and evaluation criteria for the Oklahoma Department of Corrections. The emphasis of the study was on providing evidence of content validity based on objective empirical evidence concerning physical job demands and relative levels of physical exertion required of corrections officers to meet those demands. A major outcome of the study was the development of job related physical performance tasks designed to be used as Bonafide Occupational Qualification Criteria for the correctional officer.

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Robinson, David, Frank J. Porporino, and Linda Simourd. "The Influence of Educational Attainment on the Attitudes and Job Performance of Correctional Officers." Crime & Delinquency 43, no. 1 (January 1997): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128797043001004.

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Some prison managers assume that recruitment of correctional officers with postsecondary educational credentials promotes job satisfaction and offender rehabilitation. This assumption was tested using a sample of 218 officers. Results supported earlier findings that postsecondary education correlates with endorsement of rehabilitation and job dissatisfaction. However, university graduates were not more willing than less-educated officers to engage in offender treatment and there were no apparent effects of education on job performance, job involvement, and career development needs. The findings imply that education alone cannot enhance correctional outcomes and lead to the professionalization of correctional officers.

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Farkas, Mary Ann. "A Typology of Correctional Officers." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 44, no. 4 (August 2000): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x00444003.

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Walters, Stephen. "Correctional Officers’ Perceptions of Powerlessness." Journal of Crime and Justice 11, no. 2 (January 1, 1988): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0735648x.1988.9721371.

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Trounson, Justin S., and Jeffrey E. Pfeifer. "Correctional Officers and Workplace Adversity." Journal of Correctional Health Care 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 437–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078345817720923.

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Tewksbury, Richard, and Sue Carter Collins. "Aggression Levels Among Correctional Officers." Prison Journal 86, no. 3 (September 2006): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885506290853.

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Jin, Xiaohong, Ivan Y. Sun, Shanhe Jiang, Yongchun Wang, and Shufang Wen. "The Impact of Job Characteristics on Burnout Among Chinese Correctional Workers." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 2 (May 4, 2016): 551–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16648419.

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Job burnout has long been recognized as a common occupational hazard among correctional workers. Although past studies have investigated the effects of job-related characteristics on correctional staff burnout in Western societies, this line of research has largely been absent from the literature on community corrections in China. Using data collected from 225 community correction workers in a Chinese province, this study assessed the effects of positive and negative job characteristics on occupational burnout. Positive job characteristics included job autonomy, procedural justice, and role clarity. Negative characteristics included role conflict, job stress, and job dangerousness. As expected, role clarity tended to reduce burnout, whereas role conflict, job stress, and job dangerousness were likely to produce greater burnout among Chinese community correction workers. Male correctional officers were also subjected to a higher level of burnout than their female coworkers. Implications for future research and policy were discussed.

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Vermunt, Riel, Eric Blaauw, and E. Allan Lind. "Fairness Evaluations of Encounters With Police Officers and Correctional Officers1." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 28, no. 12 (June 1998): 1107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01670.x.

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Viglione, Jill, Jennifer Lerch, Danielle S. Rudes, and Faye S. Taxman. "Big Stick Management." Criminal Justice and Behavior 44, no. 2 (September 24, 2016): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816668917.

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Reentry correctional facilities play a critical role in preparing inmates to successfully transition back to the community. Part of this role includes providing a structured program, which allows for gradual transition from prison life to the community through work, education, and counseling programs. Little research reveals how correctional officers (COs) maintain control and promote rule compliance within a reentry environment. Using administrative, survey, and ethnographic data, we examine how COs in a reentry-focused prison manage the inmate population. Correctional officers do not report using misconducts in surveys and observations, but administrative data reveal staff often use formal misconducts even for minor infractions. The number of accumulated misconducts an inmate received, seriousness of the current violation, and officer tenure significantly relate to the severity of present misconduct outcomes. Considering the mission and goals of reentry facilities, this study has significant implications for the reentry process and inmate experience.

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Campbell, Christopher M., Ryan M. Labrecque, Roger L. Schaefer, Molly Harvis, Karma Rose Zavita, Leah Reddy, and Kayla Labranche. "Do Perceptions of Legitimacy and Fairness Matter in Prison? Examining How Procedural and Distributive Justice Relate to Misconduct." Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, no. 12 (May 17, 2020): 1630–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820916901.

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Recent scholarship suggests disciplinary protocols and incarcerated individuals’ perceptions of procedural justice toward correctional officers may be important in influencing one’s behavior and prison order. This study provides an examination of procedural and distributive justice in prison. We surveyed a stratified random sample of 144 respondents incarcerated in Maine state prisons about their perceptions toward the disciplinary process and corrections officers to assess the relationship between such views and patterns of institutional misconduct. Findings provide partial support for the procedural justice perspective in prison. Normative perceptions (e.g., legitimacy) are positively associated with voluntary deference measures while instrumental perceptions of officer effectiveness in controlling behavior are positively associated with respondent perceived risk. These results supply insight into theory development related to voluntary deference. Similarly, these findings can inform which relationships between officers and respondents may hold the potential to promote rule compliance and prison order.

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Ratnaningsih, Ika Zenita, and Anggun Resdasari Prasetyo. "PERAN KESEIMBANGAN PEKERJAAN-KELUARGA DAN KUALITAS HIDUP TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN KERJA PADA PETUGAS PEMASYARAKATAN PEREMPUAN." Jurnal Psikologi 18, no. 1 (August 16, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jp.18.1.82-90.

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Correctional officers encounter vulnerable working conditions that may cause psychological discomfort at work. This study aims to determine the role of work-family balance, and quality of life to happiness at work in female correctional officers. The subjects in this study were 87 female correctional officers from three correctional institutions in Semarang and Malang. The age of subjects ranged from 22 - 57 years (Mage = 41.80); and the work period of the subjects ranged from 3-34 years (Mtenure = 18.80). The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. Instruments that used for data collection were demographic data questionnaires, Work-Family Balance Scale (32 items; α = .898), WHOQOL-BREF Scale (26 items; α = .906), and Happiness at Work Scale (22 items; α = .801). Data analysis using multiple regression analysis show there a positive and significant correlation between work-family balance and happiness at work (r = .613; p <.001), there was a positive and significant correlation between quality of life and work happiness (r = .394; p <.001), furthermore work-family balance and quality of life together can predict happiness at work in female correctional officers (r = .633; R2 = .401; F = 28.115; p <.001). Work-family balance and quality of life effectively contributed 39.7% to predicting happiness at work in female correctional officers.

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Kim, Kwang-Hoon, Jong-Ik Park, Soo-Jung Lee, and Kwang-Ho Jang. "Mental Health Status of Correctional Officers in Correctional Institutions." Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 56, no. 1 (2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2017.56.1.20.

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Lee, Seungjoo. "The CORRECTIONAL Orientation and Role Conflict of Correctional Officers." J-Institute 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/police.2020.5.2.35.

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Burdett, Freda, Lynne Gouliquer, and Carmen Poulin. "Culture of Corrections: The Experiences of Women Correctional Officers." Feminist Criminology 13, no. 3 (March 22, 2018): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085118767974.

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Based on 36 interviews with women correctional officers, we examined their everyday work experiences in the Ontario Provincial correctional system. We used the Psycho-Social Ethnography of the Commonplace methodology to determine challenges and complications women endure in this highly gendered, masculine-defined culture, and the resilience approaches they used to survive. Findings indicate how sexism, hostility, paternalism, and social alienation are maintained and reinforced. Women are repetitively, implicitly and explicitly reminded of their fragile femininity, physical inferiority, and lack of fit. Policy recommendations to contravene the Culture of Corrections’ androcentric nature, and those found in other nontraditional men-dominated work environments, are offered.

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Sari, Dessi Perdani Yuris Puspita. "Pelaksanaan Pembinaan Narapidana Residivise di Lembaga Pemasyarakat." Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 4, no. 1 (June 27, 2021): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v4i1.4173.

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This article aims to answer the problem of how the process of coaching for recidivist prisoners is and to find out what are the obstacles to the implementation of coaching for recidivist prisoners in Correctional Institutions. In this study, the author uses descriptive research, while the approach method uses empirical juridical. The results and conclusions in this study are that the process of fostering recidivist prisoners carried out in prisons is based on Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections and Government Regulation Number 31 of 1999 concerning Education and Guidance of Correctional Inmates. The convict coaching stage begins with the registration of prisoners and is followed by a coaching process which is divided into 4 (four) stages, while the obstacles faced in fostering recidivists in Correctional Institutions among the very prominent reasons are the facilities and infrastructure of the institution, the number of officers and prisoners is not comparable , the ability of the officers who are lacking, the absence of supervision from superiors and agencies related to the performance of the officers.

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Wijegoonewardene, Nimali, and Janaki Vidanapathirana. "Coping strategies used for combating stress and burnout: A qualitative study among Sri Lankan Prison Officers." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ajir2215.

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Coping strategies are specific methods used in managing the internal and external demands faced by individuals, which are found to be going beyond their resources. This qualitative study aimed to describe the coping strategies adopted by Correctional and Rehabilitation Officers working in Sri Lankan prisons to reduce their stress and subsequent burnout. The study was carried out in 2017 in the Welikada Closed Prison and Badulla Remand Prison. Twenty prison correctional and rehabilitation officers participated in in-depth interviews. Officers with experience of more than two years in the prison setting were included. Both officers with and without burnout were selected based on the findings of a previous component of the study, with one rehabilitation officer and nine correctional officers from each category. A semi-structured in-depth interview guide was used. Thematic analysis was carried out. Both male and female officers between 23 and 55 years participated in the interviews. Some of the common problems leading to stressful situations were increased workload with additional and irrelevant duties expected from them, poor relationships with superiors, colleagues and inmates and poor support and pressure from the superiors. Six themes were extracted from the content discussed during the interviews. These were discussing with others as a means of seeking support, positive thinking, avoidance of the situation, distraction by involving in other activities, deviating the stress to others and trying to remove or reduce the stressor. Some of the participants thought they needed to learn better ways of coping with the occupational stress and burnout. Many of them believed that workshops on stress management need to be included in their continuous training. The high rank prison officials responsible for the welfare of prison officers were informed of the findings following the study, in order for them to make necessary improvements at the institution and policy level.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Correctional officers'

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