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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coronary heart disease risk factors

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Academic literature on the topic 'Coronary heart disease risk factors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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Shakhnoza, Iskandarova, and Amilova Asalya. "PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 04, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume04issue04-05.

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Primary prevention, based on healthy lifestyle habits that prevent the emergence of risk factors, is the preferred method of reducing cardiovascular risk. Reducing the prevalence of obesity is the most urgent task, and it is pleiotropic in that it affects blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammation, progression of atherothrombotic disease. Physical activity also improves several risk factors, with the added potential to lower heart rate.

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Thomson, Patricia, Catherine A. Niven, David F. Peck, and Kate Howie. "Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors." Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 28, no. 6 (2013): 550–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jcn.0b013e31826341ae.

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Torpy, Janet M. "Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors." JAMA 302, no. 21 (December 2, 2009): 2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.302.21.2388.

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Thorogood, Margaret. "Vegetarianism, coronary disease risk factors and coronary heart disease." Current Opinion in Lipidology 5, no. 1 (February 1994): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199402000-00004.

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Reid, Christopher, Anthony Dart, and Garry Jennings. "Risk factors for coronary heart disease." Medical Journal of Australia 152, no. 6 (March 1990): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb120968.x.

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Hare, David L. "Risk factors for coronary heart disease." Medical Journal of Australia 152, no. 6 (March 1990): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb120969.x.

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Hall, J. A. "Coronary heart disease and risk factors." International Journal of Cardiology 39, no. 1 (April 1993): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5273(93)90306-2.

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Glozier, Nick, Geoffrey H. Tofler, David M. Colquhoun, Stephen J. Bunker, David M. Clarke, David L. Hare, Ian B. Hickie, et al. "Psychosocial risk factors for coronary heart disease." Medical Journal of Australia 199, no. 3 (August 2013): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10440.

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Corrao, Jeanne M., Richard C. Becker, Ira S. Ockene, and Glenys A. Hamilton. "Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Women." Cardiology 77, no. 2 (1990): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000174649.

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El-Hazmi, Mohsen A. F. "Hematological Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease." Medical Principles and Practice 11, no. 2 (2002): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000066407.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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Bagés, Nuri. "Psychosocial risk factors and coronary heart disease." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2000. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6899.

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Ashton, Emma Louise, and emma ashton@deakin edu au. "Effects of dietary constituents on coronary heart disease risk factors." Deakin University. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.153511.

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Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a major cause of death in Western countries. Mediterranean and Asian populations have a lower risk of death from CHD compared to Westernised population, as do vegetarian versus omnivorous populations. Dietary constituents of traditional diets consumed by these populations are thought to influence both the classical risk factors for CHD, and the more recently identified risk factors, such as oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL particle size, arterial compliance and haemostatic factors. The aim of this thesis was to examine the effects of several food components, particularly soybean and monounsaturated fat (MUFA), on CHD risk factors through 3 carefully controlled dietary interventions, and a cross-sectional study. A randomised crossover dietary intervention study was conducted in 42 healthy males to investigate the effect on CHD risk factors of replacing lean meat with tofu, a soybean product regularly consumed by Asian populations, while controlling all other dietary factors. The tofu diet resulted in significantly lower total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels compared to the lean meat diet, and LDL particles that were more resistant to in vitro oxidative modification. However, insulin, fibrinogen, factor VII, and lipoprotein (a) were not significantly different on the 2 diets. A postprandial study was subsequently conducted to investigate any acute effects of a tofu test meal on the oxidative modification of LDL in 16 male subjects. There was no significant difference between the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification before and after the tofu meal. Twenty eight healthy subjects completed a separate randomised crossover dietary intervention comparing a high MUFA fat diet, using an Australian high oleic sunflower oil, with a low fat, high carbohydrate diet on CHD risk factors. The high MUFA oil diet significantly increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to the low fat diet as well as producing LDL that were more resistant to oxidative modification. Neither the size of the LDL particle nor arterial compliance were significantly different on the 2 diets. Twelve matched pairs of vegetations and omnivores were also studies to compare the habitual diet of a low and higher risk population group, to compare their risk factors and identify dietary constituents that may explain the differences. The vegetarians consumed less saturated fat (SFA) and dietary cholesterol while consuming more polyunsaturated fat, dietary fibre and vitamin E compared to omnivores. The vegetarians had lower total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels compared to the omnivores and had LDL particles that were more resistant to in vitro oxidation. These findings contribute to our knowledge about the dietary constituents that can alter some CHD risk factors in healthy subjects, and which could reduce the risk of developing CHD. Investigations in high risk groups might reveal even more benefits.

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Sarwar, Nadeem. "Emerging molecular and genetic risk factors for coronary heart disease." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611549.

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Ramsay, Jean Marilyn Christina. "Psychosocial risk factors for coronary artery disease and symptom reporting." Thesis, University of East London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361848.

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Ashton, William David. "Coronary risk factors in women in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42977/.

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) has traditionally been regarded as a male disease and, because of this, the magnitude of the problem in women is often overlooked. Yet, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CHD in particular, remains, next to cancer, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women. The longstanding emphasis on the problem of CHD in men, has resulted in a widespread tendency to minimise the incidence and severity of the disease in women. Moreover, most epidemiologic studies examining morbidity and mortality from CHD have focused largely on men, producing a significant gender gap in the research. The lack of information on CHD risk factors and prevention of heart disease in women in Britain is of particular concern, given that British women have one of the highest rates of coronary disease in the world. The Marks and Spencer Coronary Risk Factor Study (MSCRFS) is a cross-sectional and prospective study of CHD risk factors in female employees of the Marks and Spencer retail organisation. The present study is confined to an analysis of cross-sectional data from 14,077 women screened between June 1988 and July 1991. The prevalence and distribution of a variety of lipid, lipoprotein, biochemical, anthropometric and lifestyle-related CHD risk factors among women in the United Kingdom is described, together with their key interrelationships. In addition, the metabolic impact of exogenous hormones, specifically oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormone replacement, is described. This study - the largest of its kind in the UK - provides reference ranges for a wide range of CHD risk factors in women in the UK, and gives a unique insight into the impact of a variety of lifestyle-related factors on CHD risk. There is an enormous potential for reducing the very high risk of CHD among women in the UK, which needs to be addressed. Based on these data, health strategies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality from CHD can be planned and implemented more effectively.

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Lindberg, Gunnar. "Serum sialic acid and cardiovascular disease risk." Malmö : Dept. of Community Health Sciences, Lund University, 1992. http://books.google.com/books?id=YPxqAAAAMAAJ.

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Wilkins, Kathryn. "Socioeconomic status and risk factors for coronary heart disease, Canada, 1971-1985." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64061.

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Lopes, Philippe. "The relationships between respiratory sinus arrhythmia and coronary heart disease risk factors." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287137.

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Dean, Chalkley Tracey Shelly. "The effects of soy isoflavones on risk factors for coronary heart disease." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269628.

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Yasmin. "Coronary heart disease : relationships between some metabolic risk factors and anthropometric variables." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339727.

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Books on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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1940-, Roberts Robert, ed. Coronary heart disease and risk factors. Mount Kisco, NY: Futura Pub. Co., 1991.

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Uri, Goldbourt, De Faire Ulf, and Berg Kåre, eds. Genetic factors in coronary heart disease. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1994.

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1959-, Osborn Kevin, and Philip Lief Group, eds. Heart disease: Reducing your risk. New York: Bantam Books, 1991.

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Coronary heart disease: Risks and reasons. London: Current Medical Literature, 1988.

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Michael, Miller. The practice of coronary disease prevention. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.

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Smith, Phillipa Jane. Prevention of coronary heart disease: Communicating the risk factors. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1990.

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Stehle, G. Coronary risk factors in Japan and China. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Coronary heart disease & risk factor management: A nursing perspective. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1999.

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1944-, Shepherd J., ed. Coronary risk factors revisited: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Coronary Risk Factors Revisited, Gleneagles, Scotland, 11-14 December 1988. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1989.

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Kris-Etherton, P. M. Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk. Washington, D.C: ILSI Press, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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Houston, Mark C. "Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors." In The Truth About Heart Disease, 175–94. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22808-19.

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Dallongeville, Jean. "Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Atherosclerosis Risk." In Genetic factors in coronary heart disease, 289–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1130-0_19.

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Shah, Amit J., and Viola Vaccarino. "Psychosocial Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Disease." In Psychotherapy for Ischemic Heart Disease, 29–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33214-7_2.

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Berg, Kåre. "Lp(a) Lipoprotein: A Monogenic Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease." In Genetic factors in coronary heart disease, 275–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1130-0_18.

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von der Lohe, Elisabeth. "Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Development of Coronary Heart Disease in Women." In Coronary Heart Disease in Women, 13–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55553-4_2.

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Chandalia, Manisha, and Prakash C. Deedwania. "Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors in Asian Indians." In Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, 27–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1321-6_5.

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Berg, Kåre. "From Random Renetic Markers to Candidate Genes in Association and Linkage Studies of Coronary Heart Disease and its Risk Factors." In Genetic factors in coronary heart disease, 301–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1130-0_20.

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Friedlander, Yechiel. "Familial Clustering of Coronary Heart Disease: A Review of its Significance and Role as a Risk Factor for the Disease." In Genetic factors in coronary heart disease, 37–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1130-0_3.

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Berg, Kåre. "Genetics of Coronary Heart Disease and its Risk Factors." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 130 - Molecular Approaches to Human Polygenic Disease, 14–33. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470513507.ch3.

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Rosengren, Annika, and Karin Manhem. "Epidemiology and Standard Risk Factors in Relation to Psychosocial Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease." In Psychosocial Stress and Cardiovascular Disease in Women, 7–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09241-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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Lopes, Mitchell, and White. "The Relationships Between Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia And Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.595845.

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Lopes, Philippe, Robert H. Mitchell, and John A. White. "The relationships between respiratory sinus arrhythmia and coronary heart disease risk factors." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5761211.

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Ridwan, Muhammad, Dara Masthurina, Saminan, Nirwana Lazuardi Sary, and Taufik Suryadi. "Knowledge of Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors among People in Banda Aceh." In The 2nd Syiah Kuala International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008791902110215.

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Gorokhova, S., N. Belozerova, and M. Buniatyan. "OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA / HYPOPNEA SYNDROME IN RAILWAY WORKERS WITH RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-155-158.

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Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA) is a common condition that may lead to excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive disturbance, and a decreased concentration that are associated with the risk of workplace accidents and injuries. It is difficult to diagnose OSA due to low severity and specificity of its symptoms and special requirements in respect of medical resources. We assumed that it would be more effective and cost-efficient to diagnose OSA in railway workers with such risk factors f coronary heart disease as arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders since this group receives comprehensive medical attention. However, no studies on the prevalence of OSA in railway workers specifically considered the risk factors for coronary artery disease. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of OSA in railway workers with confirmed cardiovascular and metabolic disorders that did not disqualify them from their job. Material and methods. The study included 967 railway workers (locomotive drivers and their assistants). On Stage 1, a group of participants suspected OSA was selected; and on Stage 2, a group of participants with confirmed OSA was formed. Polysomnography or cardiorespiratory monitoring were used to diagnose OSA. Results. We developed a two-step algorithm of OSA diagnosis that included a preliminary assessment of the probability of OSA. 236 (24.4%) participants with a probability of OSA were selected among the initial 967 persons with risk factors for coronary artery disease. Further assessment confirmed OSA in 141 (60%) participants in this group. The analysis of distribution of risk factors for coronary artery disease and OSA showed that 125 (53.0%) of patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², 115 (48.7%) of patients with AH, and 26 (11.0%) of patients with type 2 diabetes had OSA; most of them had some combination of these risk factors. Conclusions: OSA is prevalent in the group of professionally active locomotive drivers and their assistants with risk factors for coronary heart disease; every second worker in a target group with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², AH or with both risk factors was diagnosed with OSA. The proposed two-step algorithm with a pre-test assessment of OSA probability and subsequent instrumental examination (cardiorespiratory monitoring, polysomnography) allows to accurately diagnosis OSA and allocate medical resources in a cost-effective manner.

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Santosa, A., and P. Mahayana. "Risk factors for patients with coronary heart disease hospitalized in Sanjiwani hospital Gianyar." In The Proceedings of the 1st Seminar The Emerging of Novel Corona Virus, nCov 2020, 11-12 February 2020, Bali, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-2-2020.2302009.

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Aznar, J., A. Estelles, G. Tormo, F. Espafia, and V. Torino. "FIBRINOLYTIC ALTERATIONS AS RISK FACTOR IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643781.

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It has been reported that young survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) have elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) levels. We have studied several fibrinolytic parameters (euglobulin lysis time, fibrin-plate lysis, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, t-PA activity, PAI activity, plasminogen, az antiplasmin and FDP/fdp in 55 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), before and after an exercise test. The patients were classified in 4 groups:A) Patients with unstable angina (n=5); B) Patients with stable angina and previous history of MI (n=13); C) Patients with stable angina without previous history of MI (n=ll) and D) Patients with MI about 3 weeks before this study (n=26). All the groups were similars in age and life habits. Patients suffering from dislipemia and diabetes were excluded from the study. In basal conditions, PAI activity (U/ml) was high in the 4 patient groups (A:2.5±2.8; B:5.2 ± 4.9; C:2.8 ± 2.6; D: 4.6 ± 4.6) ascompared to a group of 10 healthy volunteers (0.46±0.5). In all the clinical groups there were a large number of patients (about 60%) whose PA inhibitor level was > 2 U/ml. t-PA antigen (ng/ml) was slightly elevated in all patient groups (A: 12.4+±4.6; B:12.4±5.6; C:12.5+4.0; D: 13.3+4.3) in comparison with control group (10.1+2.9). The release of t-PA antigen after the exercise test did not differ significantly from one group to another. However, this release was < 3 ng/ml in about 50% of patients in all clinical groups, as compared to the control group, in which the release of t-PA antigen was higher than 3 ng/ml in all the subjects. After the exercise PAI activity remained high in the patient groups. The increased level of t-PA inhibitor activity founded in the patients was partially inhibited by antiserum against PA inhibitor-1 but not by antiserum against PA inhibitor-2. The formation of a complex of about 115,000 daltons between the increased plasma PA-Inhibitor and purified single t-PA was observed by a zymographic fibrin technique. These findings demonstrate that CHD patients have a fibrinolytic hypofunction caused basically by an increase in t-PA inhibitor. This increase in PAI activity is more evident in patient with a previous history of MI.

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Xiang, Yu, Yi Fu, Jinahua Wu, Ying Fang, and Changsen Feng. "Notice of Retraction: Analysis of High-Frequency Risk Factors among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Guangzhou." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781613.

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Artem, Vitkovsky, and Alexey Yakovlev. "Screening for Future Coronary Heart Disease in Oilfield Personnel by Using Risk Factor Categories." In International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/157533-ms.

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Meade, T. W. "THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HAEMOSTATIC AND OTHER VARIABLES IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643833.

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The increase in the clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD) since the 1920s cannot be explained solely in terms of atheroma. Another major process such as thrombogenesis must also be involved. Pathological studies show that thrombosis contributes not only to myocardial infarction but to nearly all cases of sudden coronary death as well. Epidemiologically, it is the coagulation system rather than platelet function that has so far been more rewarding in attempting to identify characteristics of the haemostatic system that are associated with the subsequent risk of CAD. In particular, two clotting factors - factor VII coagulant activity, VIIc, and fibrinogen - may be involved. Factor VII has several characteristics that are required for a system to secure rapid haemostasis after injury. The question is whether an exaggeration of the physiological state of readiness implied by these features may predispose to thrombosis. There are at least four pathways through which high fibrinogen levels, however they are determined, may operate to increase the risk of CAD - involvement in atherogenesis, determination of blood and plasma viscosity, effects on platelet aggregability and an influence on the amount of fibrin formed. The prospective Northwick Park Heart Study (NPHS) has shown an association between high VIIc levels and an increased risk of CAD. NPHS and three other prospective studies have also demonstrated a clear association between high levels of plasma fibrinogen and an increased risk of CAD, this association generally being stronger than for more familiar markers of risk such as the blood cholesterol level. There may well be an interaction between fibrinogen and blood pressure, the occurrence of high levels of both increasing CAD or stroke risk to a greater extent than would be expected from the sum of their separate effects. Several pathological and clinical observations support a “hypercoagulable state” not simply as a concept but as a demonstrable abnormality in which characteristics of the circulating blood influence the course of events. These include the effects of anti-thrombotic agents (particularly oral anticoagulants) on re—infarction rates and the likelihood that high VIIc levels lead to increased levels of thrombin production. The general epidemiology of VIIc and fibrinogen is consistent with the view that high levels of each are of pathogenetic significance. Thus, increasing age, obesity, oral contraceptive usage, the occurrence of the menopause and diabetes are all associated with high levels of VIIc and fibrinogen and with an increased risk of CAD. Psychosocial influences may increase the risk of CAD through effects on the plasma fibrinogen level. There is strong evidence that dietary habit, particularly the consumption of fat, is a leading determinant of the VIIc level. A substantial proportion of the relationship between cigarette smoking and CAD is probably mediated through the plasma fibrinogen level. The most radical implication of a “hypercoagulable state” is for the pharmacological prophylaxis of CAD which, it may turn out, is better approached by anti—thrombotic measures than by the use of lipid-lowering agents.

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Churilin, M. I., S. I. Kononov, Yu E. Azarova, E. Yu Klosova, M. A. Bykanova, Yu V. Luneva, S. V. Povetkin, G. S. Mal, M. A. Solodilova, and A. V. Polonikov. "Polymorphic variants of rs4420638 and rs7412 of the apolipoprotein E gene as factors risk of coronary heart disease among residents of Central Russia." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: TARGETS AND GOALS. LJournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-06-2019-36.

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Reports on the topic "Coronary heart disease risk factors"

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Moser, Debra, Frances Feltner, Martha Biddle, Misook Chung, Mary Kay Rayens, Gia Mudd‐Martin, Kristen Ashford, et al. Does a Program that Focuses on Lifestyle Changes Reduce Heart Disease Risk Factors in a Rural Community in Appalachian Kentucky? Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)., May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/4.2019.cer.850.

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Wang, Zhen, Ziyang Zhou, Lijuan Zhang, Xujie Li, Miaoxiu Li, Yankun Pan, Tiyong Jiao, et al. Effect of Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Injection on Vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0037.

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Wei, Dongmei, Yang Sun, and Hankang Hen. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0080.

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Review question / Objective: Can Baduanjin exercise improve the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary artery surgery? Condition being studied: Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the single most common cause of death globally, with 7.4 million deaths in 2013, accounting for one-third of all deaths (WHO 2014). PCI has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality in patients with CHD. During follow-up, it has been shown that the benefits of PCI can be offset by the significant risks of coronary spasm, endothelial cell injury, recurrent ischemia, and even restenosis or thrombus. Numerous guidelines endorse the necessity for cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which is recommended for patients with chronic stable angina, acute coronary syndrome and for patients following PCI. Baduanjin have been widely practised in China for centuries, and as they are considered to be low risk interventions, their use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is now becoming more widespread. The ability of Baduanjin to promote clinically meaningful influences in patients with CHD after PCI, however, still remains unclear.

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Li, Peng, Na jia, Bing Liu, and Qing He. Effect of cardiac shock wave therapy on adverse cardiovascular event for patients with coronary artery disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0103.

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Review question / Objective: We have previously demonstrated that cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) effectively improves myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we want to address whether CSWT could decrease the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in CAD patients unsuitable for revascularization. Eligibility criteria: Trials are considered eligible if they meet these criteria: (1) patients included are diagnosed as refractory angina or ischemic heart failure; (2) the study i a randomized controlled trial (RCT) or a prospective cohort study; (3) intervention consisted of CSWT; (4) patients in the control group are treated with optimal medical therapy, (5)the primary outcome of interest Is rate of MACE. Exclusion criteria were (1) patients with acute myocardial infarction, (2) repeated CSWT, (3) with coronary artery revascularization, (4) without primary outcome, (5) retrospective study, and (6)duplicated data.

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LI, Peng, and Junjun Liu. Effect of statin therapy on moderate-to-severe depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0016.

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Review question / Objective: We aim to assess the antidepressant effects of statin therapy among patients complicated with moderate to severe depression. Condition being studied: Depression is one of the major causes of disability worldwide, and major depressive disorders (MDD) contribute to a significant heavy disease burden, which is expected to be second by 2050, only to heart disease. Despite great improvement in therapy, the treatment efficacy remains low. Therefore, alternative therapies have been intensely investigated. A substantial body of researches have suggested that inflammation is one of the operative pathways between MDD and increased risk of somatic comorbidities, and some specific depressive symptoms. Depression occurs in most patients with cardiac and cerebrovascular disease due to the long-term effects, and depression increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in the population as a whole and in patients with coronary artery disease or stroke. Several observational studies have demonstrated reduced rates of depression among patients taking statins, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether statin improves the depressive symptoms and its associated mechanism is still mixed. Furthermore, there is little evidence about statin treatment effect in those with moderate to severe depression. In addition, whether the effect of statin treatment on depressive symptom changes with time or is affected by baseline depression severity or percentage change of lipid levels has not been explored in previous studies.

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Li, Xiao, Fayang Ling, Wenchuan Qi, Sanmei Xu, Bingzun Yin, Zihan Yin, Qianhua Zheng, Xiang Li, and Fanrong Liang. Preclinical Evidence of Acupuncture on infarction size of Myocardial ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0044.

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Review question / Objective: Whether acupuncture is effective for infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models. Condition being studied: Myocardial ischemia is a typical pathological condition of coronary heart disease (CHD), which has been a global issue with high incidence and mortality. Myocardial infarction caused by myocardial ischemia leads to cardiac dysfunction, and the size of myocardial infarction also determines the recovery and prognosis of cardiac function. Acupuncture, a long history of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat symptoms like thoracalgia and palpitation. Many researches based on rat experiments have shown that acupuncture affects infarction size, cardiac function, myocardial enzyme or arrhythmias severity on myocardial ischemia models; nevertheless, few literatures have systematically reviewed these studies, assessing the risk of bias, quality of evidence, validity of results, and summarizing potential mechanisms. A systematic review of animal studies can benefit future experimental designs, promote the conduct and report of basic researches and provide some guidance to translate the achievements of basic researches to clinical application in acupuncture for myocardial ischemia. Therefore, we will conduct this systematic review and meta analysis to evaluate effects of acupuncture on infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models.

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Treadwell, Jonathan R., James T. Reston, Benjamin Rouse, Joann Fontanarosa, Neha Patel, and Nikhil K. Mull. Automated-Entry Patient-Generated Health Data for Chronic Conditions: The Evidence on Health Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb38.

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Background. Automated-entry consumer devices that collect and transmit patient-generated health data (PGHD) are being evaluated as potential tools to aid in the management of chronic diseases. The need exists to evaluate the evidence regarding consumer PGHD technologies, particularly for devices that have not gone through Food and Drug Administration evaluation. Purpose. To summarize the research related to automated-entry consumer health technologies that provide PGHD for the prevention or management of 11 chronic diseases. Methods. The project scope was determined through discussions with Key Informants. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (via EMBASE.com), In-Process MEDLINE and PubMed unique content (via PubMed.gov), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews or controlled trials. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing studies. We assessed risk of bias and extracted data on health outcomes, surrogate outcomes, usability, sustainability, cost-effectiveness outcomes (quantifying the tradeoffs between health effects and cost), process outcomes, and other characteristics related to PGHD technologies. For isolated effects on health outcomes, we classified the results in one of four categories: (1) likely no effect, (2) unclear, (3) possible positive effect, or (4) likely positive effect. When we categorized the data as “unclear” based solely on health outcomes, we then examined and classified surrogate outcomes for that particular clinical condition. Findings. We identified 114 unique studies that met inclusion criteria. The largest number of studies addressed patients with hypertension (51 studies) and obesity (43 studies). Eighty-four trials used a single PGHD device, 23 used 2 PGHD devices, and the other 7 used 3 or more PGHD devices. Pedometers, blood pressure (BP) monitors, and scales were commonly used in the same studies. Overall, we found a “possible positive effect” of PGHD interventions on health outcomes for coronary artery disease, heart failure, and asthma. For obesity, we rated the health outcomes as unclear, and the surrogate outcomes (body mass index/weight) as likely no effect. For hypertension, we rated the health outcomes as unclear, and the surrogate outcomes (systolic BP/diastolic BP) as possible positive effect. For cardiac arrhythmias or conduction abnormalities we rated the health outcomes as unclear and the surrogate outcome (time to arrhythmia detection) as likely positive effect. The findings were “unclear” regarding PGHD interventions for diabetes prevention, sleep apnea, stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most studies did not report harms related to PGHD interventions; the relatively few harms reported were minor and transient, with event rates usually comparable to harms in the control groups. Few studies reported cost-effectiveness analyses, and only for PGHD interventions for hypertension, coronary artery disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; the findings were variable across different chronic conditions and devices. Patient adherence to PGHD interventions was highly variable across studies, but patient acceptance/satisfaction and usability was generally fair to good. However, device engineers independently evaluated consumer wearable and handheld BP monitors and considered the user experience to be poor, while their assessment of smartphone-based electrocardiogram monitors found the user experience to be good. Student volunteers involved in device usability testing of the Weight Watchers Online app found it well-designed and relatively easy to use. Implications. Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated some PGHD technologies (e.g., pedometers, scales, BP monitors), particularly for obesity and hypertension, but health outcomes were generally underreported. We found evidence suggesting a possible positive effect of PGHD interventions on health outcomes for four chronic conditions. Lack of reporting of health outcomes and insufficient statistical power to assess these outcomes were the main reasons for “unclear” ratings. The majority of studies on PGHD technologies still focus on non-health-related outcomes. Future RCTs should focus on measurement of health outcomes. Furthermore, future RCTs should be designed to isolate the effect of the PGHD intervention from other components in a multicomponent intervention.

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Gindi, Renee. Health, United States, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:100685.

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Health, United States, 2019 is the 43rd report on the health status of the nation and is submitted by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services to the President and the Congress of the United States in compliance with Section 308 of the Public Health Service Act. This report was compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The Health, United States series presents an annual overview of national trends in key health indicators. The 2019 report presents trends and current information on selected measures of morbidity, mortality, health care utilization and access, health risk factors, prevention, health insurance, and personal health care expenditures in a 20-figure chartbook. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook is supplemented by several other products including Trend Tables, an At-a-Glance table, and Appendixes available for download on the Health, United States website at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/ index.htm. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook contains 20 figures and 20 tables on health and health care in the United States. Examining trends in health informs the development, implementation, and evaluation of health policies and programs. The first section (Figures 1–13) focuses on health status and determinants: life expectancy, infant mortality, selected causes of death, overdose deaths, suicide, maternal mortality, teen births, preterm births, use of tobacco products, asthma, hypertension, heart disease and cancer, and functional limitations. The second section (Figures 14–15) presents trends in health care utilization: use of mammography and colorectal tests and unmet medical needs. The third section (Figures 16–17) focuses on health care resources: availability of physicians and dentists. The fourth section (Figures 18–20) describes trends in personal health care expenditures, health insurance coverage, and supplemental insurance coverage among Medicare beneficiaries. The Highlights section summarizes major findings from the Chartbook. Suggested citation: National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2019. Hyattsville, MD. 2021.

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Kanner, Joseph, Edwin Frankel, Stella Harel, and Bruce German. Grapes, Wines and By-products as Potential Sources of Antioxidants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7568767.bard.

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Several grape varieties and red wines were found to contain large concentration of phenolic compounds which work as antioxidant in-vitro and in-vivo. Wastes from wine production contain antioxidants in large amounts, between 2-6% on dry material basis. Red wines but also white wines were found to prevent lipid peroxidation of turkey muscle tissues stored at 5oC. The antioxidant reaction of flavonoids found in red wines against lipid peroxidation were found to depend on the structure of the molecule. Red wine flavonoids containing an orthodihydroxy structure around the B ring were found highly active against LDL and membrane lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant activity of red wine polyphenols were also found to be dependent on the catalyzer used. In the presence of H2O2-activated myoglobin, the inhibition efficiency was malvidin 3-glucoside>catechin>malvidin>resveratol. However, in the presence of an iron redox cycle catalyzer, the order of effectiveness was resveratol>malvidin 3-glucoside = malvidin>catechin. Differences in protein binding were found to affect antioxidant activity in inhibiting LDL oxidation. A model protein such as BSA, was investigated on the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, grape extracts, and red wines in a lecithin-liposome model system. Ferulic acid followed by malvidin and rutin were the most efficient in inhibiting both lipid and protein oxidation. Catechin, a flavonal found in red-wines in relatively high concentration was found to inhibit myoglobin catalyzed linoleate membrane lipid peroxidation at a relatively very low concentration. This effect was studied by the determination of the by-products generated from linoleate during oxidation. The study showed that hydroperoxides are catalytically broken down, not to an alcohol but most probably to a non-radical adduct. The ability of wine-phenolics to reduce iron and from complexes with metals were also demonstrated. Low concentration of wine phenolics were found to inhibit lipoxygenase type II activity. An attempt to understand the bioavailability in humans of antocyanins from red wine showed that two antocyanins from red wine were found unchanged in human urine. Other antocyanins seems to undergo molecular modification. In hypercholesterolemic hamsters, aortic lipid deposition was significantly less in animals fed diets supplemented with either catechin or vitamin E. The rate of LDL accumulation in the carotid arteries was also significantly lower in the catechin and vitamin E animal groups. These results suggested a novel mechanism by which wine phenolics are associated with decreased risk of coronary heart diseases. This study proves in part our hypothesis that the "French Paradox" could be explained by the action of the antioxidant effects of phenolic compounds found at high concentration in red wines. The results of this study argue that it is in the interest of public health to increase the consumption of dietary plant falvonoids. Our results and these from others, show that the consumption of red wine or plant derived polyphenolics can change the antioxidant tone of animal and human plasma and its isolated components towards oxidative reactions. However, we need more research to better understand bioavailability and the mechanism of how polyphenolics affect health and disease.

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Being overweight or obese is linked with heart disease even without other metabolic risk factors. National Institute for Health Research, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000501.

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