Academic literature on the topic 'Coronary artery desease'

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of survival rate and development of heart transplant coronary artery disease risk factors during early and late post-transplantation periods. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 58 patients with was conducted in S.V. Ochapovsky Region Clinical Hospital № 1, Krasnodar. Inclusion criteria were patients with vasculopathy; group № 1 — recipients with heart transplant coronary artery disease up until 3 years after heart transplantation; group № 1 — recipients with heart transplant coronary artery desease 3 years after heart transplantation. Endomyocardial biopsy, coronary angiography and immunological examination were used for monitoring heart recipients. Results: survival rate in group № 1 — 51,9%; in group № 2 — 64,5%. During studying the influence of age category on survival rate it was discovered that belonging to the age category influences on the survival rate in group № 1, p – 0,023. Death risk in group №1 is 1,7 (0,59 – 4,85) times higher in comparison with group № 2. When combined heart transplant coronary artery desease with cellular and humoral rejection in group №1 death risk is reliably 2,75 (1,58 – 4,78) times higher (p = 0,010). The frequency of heart transplant coronary artery desease recurrence does not have a meaningful impact on the survival rate of the recipients with heart transplant coronary artery desease n both groups. One of the meaningful risk factors in two groups, which affects heart transplant coronary artery desease development is cytomegalovirus infection. Cellular rejection is also a fact which influences lethal outcome.

Terminal renal failure is often associated with severe coronary artery desease that should be treated with surgical myocardial revascularization. Since perioperative morbidity and mortality rates in these patients are high, the best way and the time for surgical intervention are still uncertain. We present the patient with end-stage renal disease, on chronic program of hemodyalisis, who had underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and high thoracic epidural anaesthesia, followed by early extubation. To our knowledge, off-pump surgical myocardial revascularization in patients on hemodyalisis using this anaesthetic technique has not yet been presented in our literature.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a chronic inability of heart to draw an adequate blood on myocardium due to specific problem in coronary artery. When the artery that supplies myocardium is interrupted, thus the heart is unable pumping the blood effectively to fill up an adequate blood perfusion to vital organs and other peripheral tissues. If the perfusion is impaired in time of oxygenation, the patient will threatened by a sudden death. This is a quantitative, analytical and observational research with a design of case study control, in which the subject is CHD patients and the control is non-CHD patients. The research populations were 2318 outpatients with CHD who visited Heart Polyclinic at Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh. The sample studied were 92 patients with CHD and 92 patients with non-CHD (control). We used primary and secondary data that processed through editing, coding, entry, cleaning and tabulating. The data was analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results showed that the CHD occurrences are significantly influenced by eating behavior (p = 0,000), smoking habit (p = 0,000) and sporting habit (p = 0,000). Therefore, health workers are expected to increase health promotion in order to improve the quality of life of people, especially in elderly people, by adopting a healthy lifestyle and avoiding CHD risk factors. Moreover, people are also suggested to take regular lipid profile check up and keep off smoking habit in order to do early prevention of CHD.

Coronary Angiography is an invasive examination to describe the condition of the coronary arteries of the heart by inserting a blood vessel catheter into the body and injecting contrast fluid to give a picture of coronary arteries on X-ray imaging immediately after contrast is injected. One of the things that nurses can do to reduce patient anxiety before undergoing a Coronary Angiography procedure is to application Discharge Planning . The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of application Discharge Planning on the anxiety of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who are planned to undergo diagnostic procedure by coronary angiography performed at an outpatient installation of cardiac polyclinic of the University of North Sumatra Hospital Medan. The present study was carried out with a quasi-experimental design by One The Group Test. The sample in this study was determined by consecutive sampling technique that produced 32 subjects as sample. The results of the study indicated by the statistical analysis of paired t-test that the average anxiety value of pre-test and post-test was 12,348% and the value of p was 0,000. This is also in accordance with the significance test (hypothesis) of the two groups where the value of t-counted of 12.50 is obtained compared to the value of t-table of 2.04. Thus it can be concluded that there are differences in anxiety before and after the intervention is given, in this case the intervention in question is the application Discharge Planning. It is recommended to nurses at the Outpatient Installation of Cardiac Polyclinic of the University of North Sumatra Hospital Medan to continue to application Discharge Planning related to the diagnostic procedures for coronary angiography that will be undertaken by the patient, as well as provide physiological and psychological support so that patients can undergo diagnostic procedures with optimistic, more relaxed, and without anxiety. Keywords: Coronary Angiography, Discharge Planning, Anxiety ABSTRAK Angiography Coronary adalah salah satu pemeriksaan invasif untuk menggambarkan keadaan arteri koroner jantung dengan cara memasukkan kateter pembuluh darah ke dalam tubuh dan menginjeksikan cairan kontras untuk memberikan gambaran pembuluh darah koroner pada pencitraan sinar-X segera setelah kontras diinjeksikan.. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan perawat dalam mengurangi kecemasan pasien sebelum menjalani prosedur Angiography Coronary yaitu penerapan Discharge Planning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penerapan Discharge Planning terhadap kecemasan pasien Coroner Artery Desease (CAD) yang direncanakan akan menjalani tindakan diagnostic Angiografi Koroner yang dilaksanakan di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Poli Jantung Rumah Sakit Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan. Desain penelitian adalah desain Quasi Eksperimental dengan One The Group Test. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan Tehnik Consecutive Sampling yang berjumlah 32 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis dengan uji Statistik Paired T-Test diperoleh nilai rata-rata antara kecemasan pre dan post test adalah 12.438% dan p (value) adalah 0.000. Hal ini juga sesuai dengan nilai pengujian signifikan (hipotesis) dua kelompok diperoleh nilai t (hitung) adalah 11.50 dan t (table) adalah 2.04. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kecemasan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi, dalam hal ini intervensi yang dimaksud adalah penerapan Discharge Planning. Disarankan kepada perawat di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Poli Jantung RS. USU Medan untuk selalu tetap mempertahankan penerapan Discharge Planning terkait tindakan diagnostic Angiografi Koroner yang akan dijalani oleh pasien serta memberikan dukungan fisiologis maupun dukungan psikologis agar pasien dapat menjalani tindakan dengan optimis, lebih rileks, serta tanpa perasaan cemas

Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is a dynamic coronary stenosis causing vasospastic angina (VSA). However, VSA is a potentially lethal medical condition with multiple presentations, including sudden cardiac death. Despite investigations to explore its pathogenesis, no single mechanism has been found to explain the entire process of VSA occurrence. The roles of elevated local and systemic inflammation have been increasingly recognized in VSA. Treatment strategies to decrease local and systemic inflammation deserve further investigation.

Epidemiological and clinical studies point out shiftwork as a risk factor for human health and well being, starting from a disruption of biological circadian rhythms. This thesis aims to critically review the current knowledge about shiftwork and cardiovascular desease from epidemiological evidence to causal pathways. It is also focused on european and italian working-time legislation and on medico-legal aspects involved in litigations.

Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation is the intervention that contributes most to decreasing morbidity and mortality in coronary artery disease, in particular after myocardial infarction but after incorporating cardiac interventions and in chronic stable heart disease. Cardiac patients deserve special attention to restore their quality of life and to maintain or restore their functional capacity and require counselling to avoid recurrence by adherence to a medication plan and adoption of a healthy lifestyle. These secondary prevention targets are included in the overall goal of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Components of CR include patient assessment, physical activity counselling, exercise training, diet/nutritional counselling, weight control management, lipid management, blood pressure monitoring, smoking cessation and psychosocial management. This chapter reviews the key components of a CR programme and summarizes current evidence-based best practice for the wide range of patient presentations of interest to the general cardiology community.