Journal articles: 'Cornu aspersus'

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Gérard, Claudia, Armelle Ansart, Nolwenn Decanter, Marie-Claire Martin, and Maxime Dahirel. "Brachylaima spp. (Trematoda) parasitizing Cornu aspersum (Gastropoda) in France with potential risk of human consumption." Parasite 27 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2020012.

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The edible land snail Cornu aspersum, native to the Mediterranean coastlines of North Africa, is widely distributed on most continents and often invasive in areas where introduction is recent. This species could contribute to the geographic spread of parasites as demonstrated for Brachylaima spp. These cosmopolitan trematodes may represent a threat to human health, like in Australia where Brachylaima cribbi infects humans. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of Brachylaima spp. in two French populations of C. aspersum, Thorigné-Fouillard (Ille-et-Vilaine), and Arçais (Deux-Sèvres), with an overall prevalence of 10.4% (Thorigné-Fouillard) and 73.3% (Arçais), respectively and a metacercarial intensity on average three times higher in Thorigné-Fouillard (37) than in Arçais (11). Cornu aspersum may act as a first and second intermediate host, as demonstrated in Arçais. The morphometrics of metacercariae, particularly the great body length about 2 mm, discriminate our Brachylaima species from those already described in C. aspersum (B. cribbi in Australia, and B. aspersae, B. llobregatensis and B. mascomai in Europe). Molecular analysis, based on 28S and COI, suggests the occurrence of two species in our study, one of which is probably Brachylaima mesostoma, an intestinal parasite of passeriform birds described in Central Europe. We underline the need for further research to identify species of Brachylaima in France and measure the health hazard of consuming field-collected snails.

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GONDEK, MICHAŁ, PRZEMYSŁAW KNYSZ, JERZY LECHOWSKI, MONIKA ZIOMEK, ŁUKASZ DROZD, and KRZYSZTOF SZKUCIK. "Content of vitamin C in edible tissues of snails obtained in Poland." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 76, no. 10 (2020): 6463–2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6463.

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Ascorbic acid (Vit. C) is essential for the proper functioning of the human body. Humans are unable to synthesize vitamin C endogenously, so it must be supplied with food. The available literature does not provide any data on the content of vitamin C in the meat of snails. The aim of the study was therefore to determine and compare its content in the edible parts of snails obtained in Poland. The research material consisted of 30 samples of snail meat (the foot with the collar and a fragment of the coat) belonging to three species: Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum aspersum, and Cornu aspersum maxima. Helix pomatia snails were obtained from the natural environment, while the other two species came from commercial breeding farms. Ascorbic acid was determined by the method of Roe and Kuethner, as modified by Dabrowski and Hinterleitner (1989). Previously, tissues for biochemical analysis were prepared according to the methodology described by Zannoni et al. (1974). The average level of vitamin C in the edible parts of particular snail species ranged from 38.14 mg/kg (Helix pomatia) to 185.38 mg/kg (Cornu apsersum aspersum). Statistically significant differences in the level of ascorbic acid were found between all species of snails examined. The highest vitamin C content was found in the meat of Cornu aspersum aspersum. The lowest level of ascrobic acid occurred in the meat of Helix pomatia, in which it was 20.41% and 37.04% of the levels found in the meat of Cornu aspersum aspersum and Cornu aspersum maxima, respectively. The present research showed a significantly higher content of ascorbic acid in snails of the Cornu genus kept in heliculture as compared to free-living snails (Helix pomatia). Moreover, the content of ascorbic acid in the edible parts of snails is higher than it is in pork and beef meat. The present study showed that snails from the Cornu genus can be an additional valuable source of vitamin C in the human diet.

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Artacho, Paulina, and Roberto F. Nespolo. "NATURAL SELECTION REDUCES ENERGY METABOLISM IN THE GARDEN SNAIL,HELIX ASPERSA(CORNU ASPERSUM)." Evolution 63, no. 4 (April 2009): 1044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00603.x.

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Szkucik, Krzysztof, Monika Ziomek, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Łukasz Drozd, Michał Gondek, and Przemysław Knysz. "Fatty acid profile in fat obtained from edible part of land snails harvested in Poland." Journal of Veterinary Research 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0074.

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AbstractIntroduction: The objective was to determine the content of fatty acids in edible snail fat by snail species, collection site, and processing stage.Material and Methods: The research material comprised 180 edible fat samples from the three genera of edible snails collected in Poland: free-living Helix pomatia (HP) and two cultivated Cornu subspecies: C. aspersa maxima (CAM) and C. aspersum aspersum (CAA). All snails came from the Greater Poland and Lower Silesian Provinces: HP from their natural habitat and CAM and CAA from heliciculture farms. The studies focused on the raw meat, cooked meat, and frozen meat processing stages. Fatty acid (FA) profiles were determined by the gas chromatography method.Results:Helix pomatia fat showed a higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, whereas the fat of Cornu genus snails had a higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) component, i.e. monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Thermal processing of snail meat increased all the determined SFA and decreased all the PUFA values, and increased the content of C18:1, C20:1, and C22:1 acids in the MUFA group. The material collection site had limited impact on FA content as differences were noted only in levels of C18:1, C18:2 n6, and C20:5. The differences pertained only to the fat of farmed snails of the Cornu genus.Conclusion: Due to the high content of UFA and a favourable ratio of n6:n3 acids and PUFA:SFA, snail fat can be regarded as nutritionally valuable.

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Ziomek, Monika, Krzysztof Szkucik, Monika Maćkowiak-Dryka, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Łukasz Drozd, and Renata Pyz-Łukasik. "Veterinary regulations for obtaining and processing edible snails." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 73, no. 12 (2017): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5796.

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For many years Poland has been a highly recognized producer and supplier of Cornu aspersum (Cornu aspersum aspersum, Cornu aspersum maxima) and Helix pomatia snails in European markets. Exports include both live snails and snail-derived food products such as snail meat and eggs. Slime, used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, is another economically significant snail-derived product. This paper presents standardized terminology for farm snails and outlines regulations concerning snail farming, trade, processing plants and snail meat obtained. The current results of microbiological studies of snail meat obtained in Poland are shown as well. The analysis conducted in this paper indicates the need to clarify legislation, especially with regard to snail farming, and to elaborate regulations on snail meat processing....

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Kougiagka, Efkarpia, Georgios A. Gkafas, Athanasios Exadactylos, and Marianthi Hatziioannou. "Morphology and Genetic Structure Profile of Farmed Snails Cornu aspersum aspersum and Cornu aspersum maximum in Greece." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 15965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315965.

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The subspecies of the species Cornu aspersum, C. a. aspersum, and C. a. maximum are the dominant farmed species in Greece. The morphological and molecular polymorphism of the two aforementioned subspecies has not been studied in depth. In this study, the polymorphism of snails of the two subspecies derived from seven snail farms throughout Greece was studied using morphological and molecular markers. Firstly, the snail samples of both subspecies were categorized in three shell patterns based on shell color and existence of bands. The conducted population structure analysis revealed three major clusters among the farmed snail populations. As concerns genetic diversity, six loci (Ha5, Ha6, Ha8, Ha9, Ha10, and Ha11) were tested for their polymorphism. Genetic variation was reported within populations rather than among populations. Finally, the obtained data highlighted a common gene pool broodstock for snail farms throughout Greece.

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Nicolai, A., J. Filser, V. Briand, and M. Charrier. "Seasonally contrasting life-history strategies in the land snail Cornu aspersum: physiological and ecological implications." Canadian Journal of Zoology 88, no. 10 (October 2010): 995–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z10-066.

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When a life history is characterized by both seasonality in reproduction and seasonality in offspring fitness, trade-offs in reproductive traits might be adjustments to seasonal time constraints to optimize reproductive success. Therefore, we compared in the laboratory the trade-offs in reproductive traits between early (after maturity) and delayed (after dormancy) reproduction in young land snails Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774) (syn. Helix aspersa ), depending on food energy content. We also investigated the maternal investment in reproductive output in both breeding periods. After attaining maturity, snails produced single clutches with many small eggs, which resulted, in contrast to previous studies, in large offspring with a low hatching rate owing to high within-clutch cannibalism. The young cannibals may have a higher survival probability in the following hibernation. Snails starting to reproduce after hibernation had smaller clutches of larger eggs, resulting in high quantity of lighter offspring. The clutch mass was positively correlated with maternal mass in snails reproducing after having attained maturity and negatively correlated in snails reproducing after hibernation. Multiple oviposition occurred only after hibernation, thereby enhancing reproductive success. An energy-rich diet did not affect reproductive strategies. Further studies should focus on seasonal plasticity of reproductive strategies in natural populations of C. aspersum and investigate survival probabilities of breeders and juveniles in an evolutionary context.

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Charrier, Maryvonne, and Andreas Brune. "The gut microenvironment of helicid snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): in-situ profiles of pH, oxygen, and hydrogen determined by microsensors." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 928–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-071.

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In-situ profiles of pH, oxygen, and hydrogen were measured in isolated guts of starved terrestrial gastropods belonging to four species, Cornu aspersum (syn. Helix aspersa), Elona quimperiana, Helix pomatia, and Helix lucorum (excepted pH), using Clark-type oxygen and hydrogen microsensors and liquid-ion-exchanger pH microelectrodes. The pH profiles in the two phyllophagous species, H. pomatia and C. aspersum, increased by 0.9 and 1.4 from the crop to the distal intestine (pH 6.4 and 7.4, respectively). In the saprophagous E. quimperiana, as in H. pomatia, the pH along the gut axis remained acidic (5.16.6), suggesting saprophagous habits in the latter. In all four species, no oxygen was detected in the gut lumen. Nevertheless, steep oxygen gradients around the gut epithelium indicated high oxygen-uptake rates. The estimated respiratory activity of the intestine ranged between 6.5 (E. quimperiana) and 13.1 (H. lucorum) μmol O2·g fresh mass1·h1. Hydrogen accumulated in the intestine and digestive gland of all snails tested, with the highest values in E. quimperiana and H. pomatia (58 and 78 μM, respectively). These results provide the basis for a better understanding of the microbial and biochemical processes involved in digestion.

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Rygało-Galewska, Anna, Klara Zglińska, and Tomasz Niemiec. "Edible Snail Production in Europe." Animals 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 2732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12202732.

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The human population is growing; food production is becoming insufficient, and the growing awareness of the negative impact of traditional animal husbandry on the environment means that the search for alternative methods of providing animal protein is continuously underway. The breeding of edible snails seems to be a promising option. The most popular species of edible snails in Europe include the brown garden snail Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774) (previously divided into two subspecies: Cornu aspersum aspersum (Müller, 1774) and Cornu aspersum maxima (Taylor, 1883)), as well as the Roman Snail—Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758. These animals are highly productive, require relatively little space, are easy to breed and their maintenance does not require large financial outlays. This review focuses on the prospects of food snail farming in Europe. It discusses the living conditions, the nutritional value of the snails’ meat, and the way of feeding the animals, paying particular attention to issues still not scientifically resolved, such as the need for micro and macro elements, as well as fat and carbohydrates.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "An Ecological Study of the Brown Garden snail Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774) from selected habitats in Jadiriya in Baghdad vicinity." Baghdad Science Journal 7, no. 1 (March 7, 2010): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.7.1.223-232.

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The present study is considered a pioneer investigation that deal with the terrestrial brown garden snail Cornu aspersum (Müller), in Iraq. Cornu aspersum however is considered an exotic species in many parts of the world ,The species is most probably infiltrates with plants transferred from one place to another. The species has gained importance in many ways. Nutritionally, the species is consumed as food item in many countries, but in other cases it is considered as pest for the damage it causes when feeding on valuable plant shoots. It also has medical importance for its role and ability in healing wounds, burns and remedy of other skin problems. This snail species however may act as a vector for some parasitic nematodes that cause serious diseases. The species is also important in scientific research, usually referred to as ‘ecological indicator’ employed in environmental pollution problems such as the one caused by heavy metals. A great deal of research on this species has been carried out in different parts of the world, however, in Iraq, the scientific attention given to land snails in general and to Cornu aspersum in particular is rare and may be negligible in comparison with the research carried out on aquatic Mollusca species. A total of 1880 individuals of Cornu aspersum were collected from all sampling sites. The study was carried out for the period November 2007 to November 2008 on three sites within the Jadiriya district in Baghdad.. Growth, size classes and shell dimensions of Cornu aspersum populations, and their relationship with major environmental factors; ambient temperature; soil pH, moisture, texture; and the soil content of organic matter have been also investigated. Identification of the species was confirmed by the British Natural History Museum.The data were analyzed by means of standard statistical procedures.

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Dahirel, M., H. Cholé, A. Séguret, L. Madec, and A. Ansart. "Context dependence of the olfactory perceptual range in the generalist land snail Cornu aspersum." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 8 (August 2015): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0001.

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Dispersal success in animals depends in part on their perceptual range, i.e., the distance from which they can acquire information about their environment. We studied how the olfactory perceptual range of a generalist species, the brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774)), varied under controlled conditions depending on the context in which stimuli were presented, whether alone or in the presence of another stimulus with opposite properties. Cornu aspersum preferentially orient themselves towards small nettle (Urtica dioica L.) patches, a highly palatable plant, and move away from repulsive plants if these stimuli are placed up to between 20 and 40 cm away from their starting point. A blend of palatable and repulsive plants, tested together, do not significantly influence the orientation of individuals in either direction. Cornu aspersum are thus capable of detecting and evaluating relatively small potential resource patches from a distance, enabling them to limit costly explorations, but this ability is context-dependent. These data could lead to a better understanding of the behaviour of C. aspersum in very heterogeneous landscapes in relation to this species’ ability to colonise a wide range of anthropised and fragmented habitats.

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Maćkowiak-Dryka, Monika, Krzysztof Szkucik, and Renata Pyz-Łukasik. "Snail eggs as a raw material for the production of a caviar substitute." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0062.

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AbstractIntroductionSnail eggs can be the raw material for the production of a caviar substitute. The substitute varies from the original in caloric value and nutrient content which determine the nutritional value of every foodstuff. The present study aimed to determine and compare the nutritional value and protein quality of eggs from two subspecies of edible snail.Material and MethodsThe chemical composition of the snail eggs i.e. Cornu aspersum maxima and Cornu aspersum aspersum was determined in accordance with international standards. In order to evaluate the protein quality of the eggs of the two studied snail subspecies, the chemical score (CS), and a reference protein were used.ResultsSignificant differences in the content of water, ash, and carbohydrates, but comparable protein and fat contents and caloric values were found.ConclusionThe protein in the eggs of the snails was complete by the measure of the model adopted for this study, however, meeting the daily essential amino acid requirements of an adult would require an immense supply of both species’ eggs. Snail eggs of the Cornu genus were characterised by much lower nutritional value in comparison with caviar and caviar substitutes.

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Maćkowiak-Dryka, Monika, Krzysztof Szkucik, Monika Ziomek, and Kamila Klimek. "Fatty acid profile in edible eggs of snails from the Cornu genus." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0005.

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AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the content of fatty acids in eggs harvested from two edible subspecies of Polish-bred common garden snail from the Cornu genus, as well as this content in the retail-ready product obtained from these eggs.Material and MethodsMaterial for the study consisted of eggs from two subspecies of edible snails: the small (Cornu aspersum aspersum), and large (Cornu aspersum maxima) common garden snails. The eggs studied were in two forms, the first of which had undergone initial processing to the half-product stage and the second of which was the final product available on the Polish market under the name “Snail Eggs”. The gas chromatography method was used to determine the content of fatty acids.ResultsMore than 75% of the studied fats were saturated fatty acids, dominated by palmitic and stearic acids. The average content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was 0.37%, and it was a combination of two acids: linoleic (C18:2n6c), and its trans isomer (C18:2n6t). No significant differences were found comparing individual fatty acids content between the two species’ eggs as half-products, or between the half-products and the final product.ConclusionThe fat in raw and processed eggs of common garden snails holds low nutritional value, and the processing did not affect the content of fatty acids.

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Doležal, Jiří X., and Lucie Juřičková. "Ordinary offspring of scalariform Cornu aspersum (O. F. Müller, 1774) partners." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 17 (November 14, 2018): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2018-17-31.

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From a clutch of scalariform specimens of Cornu aspersum (O. F. Müller, 1774) 53 ordinary shaped juveniles were hatched. This observation supports the hypothesis about a terratological origin of scalariform shells.

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Smith, Parker N., Sarah M. Boomer, and Michael J. Baltzley. "Faecal microbiota dynamics in Cornu aspersum during dietary change and antibiotic challenge." Journal of Molluscan Studies 85, no. 3 (July 25, 2019): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyz016.

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ABSTRACTDespite its widespread geographic distribution and applications, the herbivorous land snail Cornu aspersum represents an understudied animal host. In this study, we used a culture-based approach, in combination with a population analysis based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, to describe changes in the faecal microbiota of wild-caught snails that were fed a nonsterile plant diet over a period of 21 days. At the beginning of the experiment, wild-caught snails harboured diverse populations of Gammaproteobacteria. The two most abundant genera of Gammaproteobacteria were soil-associated Pseudomonas and Buttiauxella; the latter is an understudied genus often reported in snails and slugs. During penicillin treatment, the diversity of Gammaproteobacteria in experimental snails bottlenecked, resulting in Pseudomonas takeover. Following penicillin treatment, experimental snails began to recover, with faecal samples containing pre-treatment Gammaproteobacteria groups by day 21. There was a significant difference in the colony-forming units/g across days and across treatments. Additionally, there was a significant interaction between day and treatment. The food source was not sterile and supported its own population of Gammaproteobacteria, primarily Pseudomonas, which would have been taken up by the snails daily. Given that Buttiauxella was not observed on the food source, we hypothesize that it was present and maintained within the digestive tract of C. aspersum, and this is consistent with the idea that C. aspersum maintains an endogenous gut microbiome.

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BIEŃKO, MAREK, RADOSŁAW PIOTR RADZKI, DARIUSZ WOLSKI, PIOTR DĘBIAK, KRZYSZTOF SZKUCIK, MONIKA ZIOMEK, and MICHAŁ GONDEK. "Influence of snail meat in the diet on mandibular bone loss in male rats: A densitometric, tomographic and morphometric study." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 1 (2018): 6030–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6030.

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The study was aimed at determining the effects of diets containing snail meat as the sole protein source, on mandible quality in male Wistar rats. In the experiment, three different snail-based diets were tested and compared with a casein-based control diet. These included snail meat from Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum maxima and Cornu aspersum aspersum. In all diets, the protein content amounted to 10% (as calculated on a dry weight basis). Forty male Wistar rats with an initial body mass of 50 g ± 2 were randomly allocated to one control and three experimental groups. After 28 days of experimental feeding, the rats were sacrificed. Their mandibles were isolated and investigated by densitometric (DXA), tomographic (pQCT) and morphometric methods. Moreover, the mechanical parameters (ultimate strength and Young’s modulus) of the mandibles were measured. The results revealed that snail meat as the sole source of protein significantly decreased the bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) of the mandibles. Moreover, the tomographic analysis demonstrated that each type of snail-based diet had a negative influence on the bone cortical and trabecular compartments (which was especially noticeable in the decreasing pQCT parameters). The investigation of mechanical resistance of the mandibles also revealed lower values of the ultimate strength and Young’s modulus in the snail-based diet groups, compared with the casein group. .

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Drozd, Łukasz, Monika Ziomek, Krzysztof Szkucik, Waldemar Paszkiewicz, Monika Maćkowiak-Dryka, Zbigniew Bełkot, and Michał Gondek. "Selenium, copper, and zinc concentrations in the raw and processed meat of edible land snails harvested in Poland." Journal of Veterinary Research 61, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0039.

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Abstract Introduction: The objective of the present research was to carry out a comparative assessment of copper, zinc, and selenium concentrations in the meat of edible land snails collected in Poland (Helix pomatia, Cornu aspersum maxima, and Cornu aspersum aspersum), as well as to determine the effect of preliminary processing of Roman snails (Helix pomatia) on the content of the aforementioned elements. Material and Methods: In the first stage, determinations were made on unprocessed snail meat. In the second stage, the study focused on Roman snails and consisted in an additional evaluation of frozen meat after full processing. Zinc and copper contents were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and the selenium content was established by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The selenium content differed significantly among all three species. The copper content in Roman snails differed significantly from that in farmed snails. No significant difference in the zinc level was noted among the three snail species. The selenium content in raw and processed meat of Roman snails did not show any significant difference while the copper and zinc level was significantly higher in processed meat samples. Conclusion: The present research on the meat of edible snails showed different levels of selenium, copper, and zinc, depending on the species, collection site, and subjection to processing.

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Ziętek, Jerzy, Leszek Guz, Kinga Panasiuk, Stanisław Winiarczyk, and Łukasz Adaszek. "New intravital method for hemolymph collection from Cornu aspersum snails and the establishment of standards for selected biochemical parameters of their hemolymph." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 73, no. 6 (2017): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5703.

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The aim of the study was to develop an intravital method of collecting hemolymph and to establish standards for the biochemical parameters of the hemolymph of the Cornu aspersum snail species. The research material consisted of 80 Cornu aspersum maxima snails. Hemolymph was collected from the main vessel with a sterile syringe and needle after removing a fragment of the shell. Hemolymph was studied biochemically by the colorimetric method. The parameters evaluated were aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), amylase (AMYL), urea (UREA), and triglycerides (TG). An average of 0.54 ml hemolymph was collected from the animals tested. After 24 hours, a film formed in place of the removed shell fragment and it underwent mineralization within a few days. All animals included in the study survived, and from some of them it was possible to collect hemolymph several times at intervals of several days. The proposed method of hemolymph collection made it possible to obtain material to develop standards for the biochemical parameters of hemolymph and consequently to monitor the health status of these mollusks.

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Juřičková, Lucie, and Filip Kapounek. "Helix (Cornu) aspersa (O.F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in the Czech Republic." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 8 (November 18, 2009): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2009-8-53.

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Ziętek, Jerzy, Beata Dzięgiel, Alicja Wójcik, Anna Wilczyńska, Łukasz Adaszek, and Stanisław Winiarczyk. "Effect of bathing in a 0.1% aqueous solution of ethacridine lactate on selected physiological parameters of Cornu aspersum Müller edible snails." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0038.

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AbstractIntroductionThe prohibition of antibiotic use in edible snails obligates breeders to treat bacterial infections by different means, of which a common one is a bath in Gram-positive– and partially Gram-negative–bactericidal ethacridine lactate solution. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of bathing Cornu aspersum Müller snails in a 0.1% aqueous solution of ethacridine lactate on selected physiological parameters of haemolymph.Material and MethodsThe study included 80 snails, divided into two equal groups (study and control). The study group was subjected to bathing in ethacridine lactate and the control group to bathing in tap water. Both groups were treated daily for seven days. The number of haemocytes in the haemolymph, the activity of alanine (ALT) and aspartate (AST) aminotransferases, and the concentration of urea were determined.ResultsIn the study group, after exposure to ethacridine lactate solution an increase in ALT activity, changes in the De Ritis ratio, an increase in the amount of haemocytes, and a decrease in body weight were found. No such changes were detected in the control group snails or in animals after the first bath.ConclusionMultiple applications of a 0.1% ethacridine lactate bath may adversely affect Cornu aspersum Müller snails.

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Morelli, Simone, Mariasole Colombo, Anastasia Diakou, Donato Traversa, Marika Grillini, Antonio Frangipane di Regalbono, and Angela Di Cesare. "The Influence of Temperature on the Larval Development of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in the Land Snail Cornu aspersum." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080960.

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The metastrongyloid Aelurostrongylus abstrusus has an indirect lifecycle involving gastropod intermediate hosts. The widespread snail Cornu aspersum is an efficient intermediate host of A. abstrusus. As the temperature may influence the developmental rate of metastrongyloids from first (L1) to the third infective larval stage (L3) inside molluscs, this study evaluated the effect of two controlled temperatures on the development of A. abstrusus in C. aspersum. Overall, 300 snails were infected with 500 L1 of A. abstrusus and kept at ∼25 °C. Fifteen days post infection (D15), the overall developmental rate to L3 (0.8%) was assessed in a subset of 20 snails. The remaining gastropods were divided in 2 groups, i.e., 180 still kept at ∼25 °C (G1) and 100 hibernated at ∼4 °C (G2). On D30, the larval development was evaluated in 20 snails from each group, while another batch of 80 snails was selected random from G1 and hibernated at ∼4 °C (G3). The larval developmental rate was determined digesting 20 snails from each of the three groups on D45, D60, and D75. The higher mean developmental rate was registered in G1 (3.8%) compared to G2 (1.9%) and G3 (2.3%), indicating that the development to L3 of A. abstrusus in C. aspersum is positively influenced by the increase of temperature.

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Korábek, Ondřej. "On Helix grisea Linnaeus, 1758 and the Helix species described by Carl Linnaeus and Otto Friedrich Müller." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 19 (January 12, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2020-19-1.

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Helix grisea was described by Linnaeus in 1758, and its identity has been doubtful ever since. The name features in the early taxonomic history of some other species of Helix sensu lato. Here I provide a summary of the history of its use. Mostly, the name was applied for the widespread species now accepted as Cornu aspersum (O. F. Müller, 1774), while a few authors used it for Helix cincta O. F. Müller, 1774. Neither usage is in line with the Linnaeus' account. Based on a figure to which Linnaeus referred, I propose that the name originally applied to a species now known as Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 and as the first reviser, I give precedence to H. lucorum over H. grisea. In respect to C. aspersum, H. grisea cannot take precedence because of reversal of precedence according to Art. 23.9, and is pronounced a nomen oblitum. The case of H. grisea illustrates the importance of Müller's work for the taxonomy of the genus. In this respect it is regrettable that some of his species, including C. aspersum, lack a known and well documented type specimens.

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Danilova, I. S. "Heliceculture as a new promising direction of agriculture in Ukraine." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 24, no. 97 (November 5, 2022): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9707.

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Heliculture (also sometimes called heliculture or simply snail farming) is the human activity of collecting, breeding, and growing edible species of land snails for food and cosmetic purposes. The meat and caviar of snails are eaten, and the mucus is used as a cosmetic. Breeding snails in artificial conditions is a profitable business that few people know about and which can bring a lot of pleasure and a good income. In our country, snails are exotic, and in many European countries this product is common and often eaten. The most famous species of edible land snail can be considered the grape snail Helix pomatia, also sometimes called the Burgundy snail. This species, however, is not suitable for commercial breeding. The two most popular species for commercial breeding are Cornu aspersum, also known as Helix aspersa muller, and Helix aspersa maxima. Intensive fishing of the mollusk Helix pomatia in Ukraine has led to the fact that the world's natural resources have been drastically reduced, which is why this type of mollusk needs careful attention. A number of scientists and farmers prove the prospects of obtaining extracts from the mucus of terrestrial molluscs and the production of medicinal and cosmetic preparations based on them. However, the population of this species in natural conditions has sharply decreased, in connection with which there is a need for artificial breeding of terrestrial molluscs. It is necessary to take into account that snails are a specific product that must be constantly improved and made competitive. It is for these purposes to carry out large-scale mating and breeding of snails with the aim of further processing of caviar and mucus for pharmaceuticals and cosmetology. It is necessary to have sufficient experience in this field and a good organization of work, which will allow the producer to offer a wide range of snail meat, both ready-made products for food purposes, and stock of mother herds for breeding by the next generation of starting farms.

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Ndlovu, T. M., and J. P. H. van Wyk. "Saccharification of waste paper with cellulase from garden snails (Cornu aspersum)." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16, no. 7 (July 28, 2018): 3513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1934-1.

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Gorbi, S., M. Mezzelani, A. Notti, D. Fattorini, R. Bocchetti, M. Benedetti, and F. Regoli. "Ecotoxicological evaluation of urban pollution with the land snail Cornu aspersum." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 157 (September 2010): S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.093.

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26

Gural-Sverlova, Nina, and Roman Gural. "Cornu aspersum (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in Western Ukraine with an overview of introduced species of land molluscs from this area." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 20 (December 9, 2021): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2021-20-123.

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The first findings of Cornu aspersum in the Lviv region are described, including the shell size and shell colouration variability. A review of the known records of C. aspersum in different regions of Ukraine, from the second half of the 19th century to the present day, is also presented. The most probable ways of penetration and the possibility of further acclimatization of this species in Western Ukraine are discussed. The chronology of the records of introduced species of land molluscs in Western Ukraine is described in tabular form, which, to a large extent, should reflect the chronology of their penetration into this area. It is noted that the majority of alien species began to be found in Western Ukraine only at the end of the 20th or the beginning of the 21st century. Simultaneously several species appeared here, previously known only for the south of the country.

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COLELLA, V., M. A. CAVALERA, G. DEAK, V. D. TARALLO, C. M. GHERMAN, A. D. MIHALCA, and D. OTRANTO. "Larval development of Angiostrongylus chabaudi, the causative agent of feline angiostrongylosis, in the snail Cornu aspersum." Parasitology 144, no. 14 (August 14, 2017): 1922–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017001433.

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SUMMARYNematodes of the Angiostrongylidae family, such as Angiostrongylus vasorum and Angiostrongylus cantonensis, may cause potentially life-threatening diseases in several mammal species. Alongside these well-known species, Angiostrongylus chabaudi has been recently found affecting the cardiopulmonary system of domestic and wild cats from Italy, Germany, Greece, Romania and Bulgaria. Nonetheless, significant gaps in the understanding of A. chabaudi epidemiology include the lack of information of species acting as intermediate host and of the morphological description of larval stages. Cornu aspersum (n = 30) land snails were infected with 100 first-stage larvae of A. chabaudi collected from a naturally infected wildcat in Romania. Larvae at different developmental stages were found in 29 out of 30 (96·7%) infected snails and a total of 282 (mean 9·8 ± 3·02 larvae per each specimen) were collected from the gastropods. Here we demonstrate that A. chabaudi develops in snails and report C. aspersum as potential intermediate host for this parasitic nematode. Findings of this study are central to understand the ecological features of feline angiostrongylosis and its epidemiology within paratenic and intermediate hosts.

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Dolashki, Aleksandar, Lyudmila Velkova, Elmira Daskalova, N. Zheleva, Yana Topalova, Ventseslav Atanasov, Wolfgang Voelter, and Pavlina Dolashka. "Antimicrobial Activities of Different Fractions from Mucus of the Garden Snail Cornu aspersum." Biomedicines 8, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090315.

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Natural products have long played a major role in medicine and science. The garden snail Cornu aspersum is a rich source of biologically active natural substances that might be an important source for new drugs to treat human disease. Based on our previous studies, nine fractions containing compounds with Mw <3 kDa; <10 kDa; <20 kDa; >20 kDa; >30 kDa>50 kDa and between 3 and 5 kDa; 5 and 10 kDa; and 10 and 30 kDa were purified from the mucus of C. aspersum and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Seventeen novel peptides with potential antibacterial activity were identified by de novo MS/MS sequencing using tandem mass spectrometry. The different fractions were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram─ (Pseudomonas aureofaciens and Escherichia coli) and Gram+ (Brevibacillus laterosporus) bacterial strains as well the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens. These results revealed that the peptide fractions exhibit a predominant antibacterial activity against B. laterosporus; the fraction with Mw 10–30 kDa against E. coli; another peptide fraction <20 kDa against P. aureofaciens; and the protein fraction >20 kDa against the bacterial strain C. perfringens. The discovery of new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from natural sources is of great importance for public health due to the AMPs’ effective antimicrobial activities and low resistance rates.

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Niemiec, Tomasz, Andrzej Łozicki, Robert Pietrasik, Sylwester Pawęta, Anna Rygało-Galewska, Magdalena Matusiewicz, and Klara Zglińska. "Impact of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Multimicrobial Preparation (EM) on the Carcass, Mineral, and Fatty Acid Composition of Cornu aspersum aspersum Snails." Animals 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11071926.

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The hygienic practices on farms should reduce pathogenic microorganisms while simultaneously not harming the animals themselves; they must also not degrade the products’ quality. We assessed the effect of covering feed tables with paint containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the periodic spraying of effective microorganisms (EM) on production indicators and basic chemical composition, mineral content and fatty acid profiles in the bodies of Cornu aspersum aspersum snails. The animals were divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) with feed tables covered with AgNPs paint, (3) with EM spray applied and (4) with both factors—AgNP paint and EM spray. The highest increase in Ag, Zn, Fe and Ca retention, and the remodelling of the fatty acid profile in the carcasses of snails was found to be in the group of animals in contact with the feed tables covered with AgNP paint. In the group of animals exposed to the action of EM, an increased retention of Fe, Cu, P, Mg and Zn was found.

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Dolashki, Aleksandar, Lyudmila Velkova, Wolfgang Voelter, and Pavlina Dolashka. "Structural and conformational stability of hemocyanin from the garden snail Cornu aspersum." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 74, no. 5-6 (May 27, 2019): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2018-0084.

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Abstract Various aspects of biomedical applications of molluscan hemocyanins, associated with their immunogenic properties and antitumor activity, promoted us to perform structural studies on these glycoproteins. The stability and reassociation behavior of native Cornu aspersum hemocyanin (CaH) are studied in the presence of different concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and pH values using electron microscopy. Higher concentrations of those ions led to a more rapid reassociation of CaH, resulting in stable multidecamers with different lengths. The conformational changes of native CaH are investigated within a wide pH-temperature range by UV circular dichroism. The relatively small changes of initial [θ]λ indicated that many secondary structural elements are preserved, even at high temperatures above 80°C, especially at neutral pH. The mechanism of thermal unfolding of CaH has a complicated character, and the process is irreversible. The conformational stability of the native didecameric aggregates of CaH toward various denaturants indicates that hydrophilic and polar forces stabilize the quaternary structure. For the first time, the unfolding of native CaH in water solutions in the presence of four different denaturants is investigated. The free energy of stabilization in water, ∆GDH2O, was calculated in the range of 15.48–16.95 kJ mol−1. The presented results will facilitate the further investigation of the properties and potential applications of CaH.

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Tybinka, A. M., O. O. Zaitsev, M. V. Zakrevska, H. I. Blishch, and O. M. Shchebentovska. "Morphometry of the digestive glands of terrestrial mollusk Cornu aspersum (Gastropoda, Helicidae)." Zoodiversity 54, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2020.01.075.

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32

Balbi, Manon, Aude Ernoult, Pedro Poli, Luc Madec, Annie Guiller, Marie-Claire Martin, Jean Nabucet, Véronique Beaujouan, and Eric J. Petit. "Functional connectivity in replicated urban landscapes in the land snail (Cornu aspersum)." Molecular Ecology 27, no. 6 (March 2018): 1357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.14521.

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Dahirel, Maxime, Armelle Ansart, and Luc Madec. "Stage- and weather-dependent dispersal in the brown garden snail Cornu aspersum." Population Ecology 56, no. 1 (September 20, 2013): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10144-013-0407-0.

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34

Ballard, Kaylene R., Anne H. Klein, Richard A. Hayes, Tianfang Wang, and Scott F. Cummins. "The protein and volatile components of trail mucus in the Common Garden Snail, Cornu aspersum." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 27, 2021): e0251565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251565.

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The Common or Brown Garden Snail, Cornu aspersum, is an invasive land snail that has successfully colonized a diverse range of global environments. Like other invasive land snails, it is a significant pest of a variety of agricultural crops, including citrus, grapes and canola. Cornu aspersum secretes a mucus trail when mobile that facilitates locomotion. The involvement of the trail in conspecific chemical communication has also been postulated. Our study found that anterior tentacle contact with conspecific mucus elicited a significant increase in heart rate from 46.9 to 51 beats per minute. In order to gain a better understanding of the constituents of the trail mucus and the role it may play in snail communication, the protein and volatile components of mucus trails were investigated. Using two different protein extraction methods, mass spectrometry analysis yielded 175 different proteins, 29 of which had no significant similarity to any entries in the non-redundant protein sequence database. Of the mucus proteins, 22 contain features consistent with secreted proteins, including a perlucin-like protein. The eight most abundant volatiles detected using gas chromatography were recorded (including propanoic acid and limonene) and their potential role as putative pheromones are discussed. In summary, this study has provided an avenue for further research pertaining to the role of trail mucus in snail communication and provides a useful repository for land snail trail mucus components. This may be utilized for further research regarding snail attraction and dispersal, which may be applied in the fields of agriculture, ecology and human health.

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Guiller, Annie, Marie-Claire Martin, Céline Hiraux, and Luc Madec. "Tracing the Invasion of the Mediterranean Land Snail Cornu aspersum aspersum Becoming an Agricultural and Garden Pest in Areas Recently Introduced." PLoS ONE 7, no. 12 (December 5, 2012): e49674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049674.

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Zhang, Jiangong, Tufail Ahmed Wagan, Hamada Chakira, Xingfa Liu, Gang Wu, Yueping He, Hongxia Hua, and Wanlun Cai. "Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Liriomyza brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae and Cornu aspersum Populations." Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 89, no. 4 (October 2016): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2317/0022-8567-89.4.338.

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37

Bruning, Andrea, Avia González, Juan Diego Gaitán-Espitia, José Luis Bartheld, Adrian Toader-Williams, Fredy Mondaca, and Roberto F. Nespolo. "Energy metabolism, heart rate and physiological differentiation in the pulmonate gastropod Cornu aspersum." Journal of Molluscan Studies 79, no. 3 (June 25, 2013): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyt021.

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Ansart, Armelle, and Philippe Vernon. "Cold hardiness abilities vary with the size of the land snail Cornu aspersum." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 139, no. 2 (October 2004): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.09.003.

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Sturba, L., G. Liberatori, M. L. Vannuccini, S. Ancora, and I. Corsi. "Uptake and biological responses in land snail Cornu aspersum exposed to vaporized CdCl2." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 148 (February 2018): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.050.

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Loy, I., B. Álvarez, E. C. Strempler-Rubio, and M. Rodríguez. "Coordinating associative and ecological accounts of learning in the garden snail Cornu aspersum." Behavioural Processes 139 (June 2017): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2017.03.004.

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Loy, Ignacio, Sara Fernández-Victorero, and Judit Muñiz-Moreno. "Renewal of conditioned tentacle lowering by circadian contextual cues in snails Cornu aspersum." Behavioural Processes 178 (September 2020): 104144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104144.

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Sherpa, Stéphanie, Armelle Ansart, Luc Madec, Marie-Claire Martin, Stéphane Dréano, and Annie Guiller. "Refining the biogeographical scenario of the land snail Cornu aspersum aspersum: Natural spatial expansion and human-mediated dispersal in the Mediterranean basin." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 120 (March 2018): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.018.

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Čejka, Tomáš, Luboš Beran, Radovan Coufal, Libor Dvořák, Jitka Horáčková, Veronika Horsáková, Lucie Juřičková, et al. "Malacological news from the Czech and Slovak Republics in 2021." Malacologica Bohemoslovaca 21 (August 23, 2022): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mab2022-21-49.

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This paper presents important faunistic records conducted in the Czech and Slovak Republics during 2021. In the Šumava Mts, South Bohemia, a hydrobiid snail of the genus Alzoniella was found. Monacha cantiana s. lato was genetically confirmed for the first time in the city of Bratislava, Slovakia. New sites of Cornu aspersum (Prague) and Tandonia kusceri (southern and central Slovakia) were confirmed. A new colony of the slug Limacus maculatus was found in SE Moravia. New records of several endangered species, e.g. Vertigo angustior, V. moulinsiana, Anisus septemgyratus, Gyraulus acronicus, G. rossmaessleri, Planorbis carinatus, Pisidium amnicum, P. globulare, P. moitessierianum, P. pseudosphaerium and P. tenuilineatum, are also presented. Location data are published with all details in a supplementary table.

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Ndlovu, T. M., and J. P. H. van Wyk. "Relative saccharification of waste paper during successive treatment with garden snail (Cornu aspersum) cellulase." Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 11 (March 2019): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2018.12.003.

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Al-Alam, Josephine, Maurice Millet, Dani Khoury, Anaïs Rodrigues, Moustapha Harb, Elias Akoury, Sima Tokajian, and Mahmoud Wazne. "Snails as Temporal Biomonitors of the Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in an Apple Orchard." Atmosphere 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081185.

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The intensive use of pesticides in agricultural areas and the resulting effects have created a need to develop monitoring programs for their active assessment at low cost. This research entails a biomonitoring study of the pesticides in an apple orchard, using juvenile Cornu aspersum (O. F. Müller, 1774) snails exposed in field microcosms. The snails were deployed at three different locations in the orchard area and were used to assess the temporal biomonitoring of 100 different semi-volatile and non-volatile pesticides. The study was performed over an 18-week period and targeted the center, the border, and the outside of the orchard. Results showed that greater levels of pesticides were detected at the center of the orchard as compared to the other sites. The type and level of the applied pesticide influenced its environmental dissipation, as significantly greater levels of semi-volatile pesticides were accumulated by the caged snails in comparison to non-volatile pesticides. The presence of semi-volatile pesticides in the snails outside the orchard revealed the usefulness of these species in the biomonitoring of off-site pesticide emissions. The findings of this study showed that C. aspersum can serve as a reliable and effective model organism for the active biomonitoring of pesticide emissions in agricultural sites.

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Galluzzo, Francesco Giuseppe, Gaetano Cammilleri, Alessandro Ulrici, Rosalba Calvini, Andrea Pulvirenti, Giovanni Lo Cascio, Andrea Macaluso, et al. "Land Snails as a Valuable Source of Fatty Acids: A Multivariate Statistical Approach." Foods 8, no. 12 (December 12, 2019): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8120676.

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The fatty acid (FA) profile of wild Theba pisana, Cornu aspersum, and Eobania vermiculata land snail samples, collected in Sicily (Southern Italy), before and after heat treatment at +100 °C were examined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results show a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in all of the examined raw snails samples, representing up to 48.10% of the total fatty acids contents, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The thermal processing of the snail samples examined determined an overall reduction of PUFA levels (8.13%, 7.75%, and 4.62% for T. pisana, C. aspersum and E. vermiculata samples, respectively) and a species-specific variation of saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents. Oleic acid remained the most abundant FA of all of the snails species examined, accounting for up to 29.95% of the total FA content. A relevant decrease of ɷ3/ɷ6 ratio was found only for T. pisana samples. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a separation of the snail samples in terms of species and heat treatment. The results of this work suggest land snails as a valuable source of MUFA and PUFA contents and boiling as appropriate treatment, according to the maintenance of healthy properties.

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PASZKIEWICZ, WALDEMAR, KRZYSZTOF SZKUCIK, MONIKA ZIOMEK, MICHAŁ GONDEK, and RENATA PYZ-ŁUKASIK. "Occurrence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. in snail meat." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 2 (2018): 6074–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6074.

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The objective of the research was to determine the occurrence of microorganisms of the Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. in raw and frozen (cooked) snail meat obtained from both free-living and farmed edible snails. The research material comprised meat samples collected from three snail species (25g from each), that is, Roman snail (Helix pomatia – HP), small brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum aspersum – CAA) and large brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum maxima – CAM). Roman snails came from their natural environment and were harvested in Wielkopolska Voivodeship and Lower Silesia Voivodeship (regions A and B, respectively). The Cornu genus snails were obtained from two heliciculture farms located in the abovementioned voivodeships (farms A and B, respectively). On both farms, the snails were maintained under the mixed rearing system. The raw meat samples taken from the edible portion of snails, that is, the foot with collar and a fragment of the mantle, were obtained after the snails were sacrificed in the laboratory. The frozen meat samples, on the other hand, came from a snail meat processing facility. A total of 300 samples were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp., and 240 for the presence of Listeria spp. The research also included pooled soil samples of 0.5 kg each collected from polytunnels (in the pre-fattening stage) and outdoor farming plots (in the fattening stage). The tests for the Salmonella presence were performed in accordance with Polish standard PN-EN ISO 6579:2003, and the test for Listeria complied with PN-EN ISO 11290-1:1999. Listeria monocytogenes was identified by the PCR technique. Salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the 300 samples of raw and cooked snail meat under study. Nor were these pathogens isolated from the soil samples. The absence of these bacteria in the raw meat samples indicates that Salmonella spp. did not occur in either the natural habitat of Roman snails or the two farms producing Cornu genus snails. On the other hand, bacteria of Listeria spp. were detected in 101 (42.1%) snail meat samples. A particularly high load of microbiota was found in raw meat, as these bacteria contaminated from 60% (for HP from region A and CAM from farm B) up to 75% (for CAA from farm A) of samples. Notably, a markedly lower percentage (35%) of samples containing Listeria spp. was found only among the Roman snail raw meat samples from the region B. Listeria spp. were also detected in all the soil samples. Thermal treatment of meat achieved a substantial reduction in the load of Listeria spp., but did not eliminate it. The frequency of this genus in frozen meat samples was from 63.5% (for CAM from farm A) to 15.4% (for CAA from farm B) of that in raw meat. The PCR technique was used identify 15 selected strains, including 11 from raw meat samples and 4 from cooked meat. A total of 5 isolates were recognized as Listeria monocytogenes (2.1% of all samples examined and 4.95% of samples with Listeria spp.). All of them originated from the raw meat of farmed snails, including one (CAA) from the farm A and four (3 CAA and 1 CAM) from the farm B. Bacteria of the Salmonella and Listeria genera occur in the natural habitat of edible snails, which poses a potential hazard to human health. Effective implementation of control programmes at the primary production stage is the first step that could considerably limit the presence of these pathogens in farmed snails and, consequently, in snail meat. .

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Cvetkovska-Gjorgievska, Aleksandra, Ivailo Dedov, Slavcho Hristovski, Mario Langourov, Stanislava Lazarevska, Dana Prelik, and Nikolay Simov. "NEW RECORDS OF ALLOCHTONOUS, INVASIVE AND PEST INVERTEBRATE SPECIES FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA." Ecologica Montenegrina 20 (February 23, 2019): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2019.20.5.

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In this paper new data on allochtonous and invasive invertebrate species: Arion (Arion) cf. vulgaris Moquin-Tandon 1855, Cornu aspersum (O.F. Muller, 1774), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773), Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831), Trogoderma variabile Ballion, 1878, Stegobium paniceum (Linnaeus, 1758), Oxycarenus (s.str.) lavaterae (Fabricius, 1787), Corythucha ciliata (Say, 1832), Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910, Ceroplastes japonicus (Green, 1921), Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti, 1886) MacGillivray, 1921, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) from Macedonia are presented. The study represents faunistic data synthesis from different parts of Macedonia, based on collecting efforts of several taxonomic experts. The results of the study help to outline the composition of non-native and invasive invertebrate fauna and to narrow gaps concerning the knowledge of their distribution and introduction in Macedonia.

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Picard, Isabelle, Jean-François Desroches, and Gilles Ethier. "Première mention de l’hélice des bois (Arianta arbustorum) au Québec et mention anecdotique du petit-gris (Cornu aspersum)." Malacologie 141, no. 1 (November 8, 2016): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037935ar.

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De nombreux individus de l’hélice des bois (Arianta arbustorum) ont été observés à Boucherville en juin 2015 et en 2016 ainsi qu’à l’Île-des-Soeurs en juin 2016. Cela représente les premières mentions de cette espèce au Québec et surtout, celles de populations viables. En 2015, un petit-gris (Cornu aspersum) juvénile a également été trouvé dans une grappe de raisins de Californie qui provenait d’une épicerie de Sherbrooke. Ces deux espèces d’escargots exotiques sont originaires d’Europe. Elles ont été introduites ailleurs au Canada et ne semblent pas envahissantes. Cependant, un suivi serait nécessaire pour vérifier la survie à plus long terme des populations d’hélice des bois à Boucherville et à l’Île-des-Soeurs et valider la présence de cette espèce ailleurs au Québec.

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Georgescu, Marius, George Andrei Drăghici, Eliza-Florentina Oancea, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Codruţa Şoica, Nicolae-Valentin Vlăduţ, and Dragoș Vasile Nica. "Effects of Cadmium Sulfate on the Brown Garden Snail Cornu aspersum: Implications for DNA Methylation." Toxics 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9110306.

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Abstract:

An extensive literature exists regarding the cellular, physiological, and genetic effects of cadmium (Cd)—A highly toxic, but commonly used trace metal in modern industry. However, limited data are available on its epigenetic effects, especially for terrestrial sentinel invertebrates. We determined Cd retention, total DNA methylation, and the methylation status of 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene in the hepatopancreas of the brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum, fed Cd sulfate for four weeks. Bodyweight changes and survival were also measured. Hepatopancreas cadmium increased in a dose-dependent manner from the third-lowest dose onward, with very large amounts being found for the highest treatment group. However, no mortalities occurred, irrespective of dietary Cd dose. We identified significant genome-wide hypermethylation in specimens given the highest dose, which overlapped with a significant bodyweight decrease. The Cd-MT gene showed an unmethylated 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene and this status was not affected by cadmium exposure. Hepatopancreas DNA methylation is as sensitive as bodyweight to non-lethal concentrations of dietary Cd given as cadmium sulfate but less responsive than tissue accumulation. Such an exposure event, by contrast, does not affect the methylation status of the Cd-MT gene 5′ end.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cornu aspersus'

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