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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cornea

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cornea'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 September 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Cornea"

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Ramsey, David T., Joe G. Hauptman, and Simon M. Petersen-Jones. "Corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, and optical corneal diameter in Rocky Mountain Horses with cornea globosa or clinically normal corneas." American Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1999.60.10.1317.

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Abstract Objective To compare corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, and optical corneal diameter in Rocky Mountain Horses with cornea globosa and those with clinically normal corneas. Animals 129 Rocky Mountain Horses. Procedure Ultrasonic pachymetry was used to measure corneal thickness. Applanation tonometry was used to measure intraocular pressure. A Jameson caliper was used to measure optical corneal diameter. Results The central and temporal peripheral portions of the cornea were significantly thicker in horses with cornea globosa than in horses with clinically normal corneas, but corneal thicknesses in the dorsal, ventral, and medial peripheral portions of the cornea were not significantly different between groups. There were no differences in corneal thickness between male and female horses or between right and left eyes. However, there was a positive correlation between age and corneal thickness. Intraocular pressure was not significantly different between horses with cornea globosa and those with clinically normal corneas, or between right and left eyes, or male and female horses. Optical corneal diameter for horses with cornea globosa was not significantly different from diameter for horses with clinically normal corneas, but optical corneal diameter was positively correlated with age. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Cornea globosa in Rocky Mountain Horses is not associated with increased intraocular pressure. Corneal thickness and optical corneal diameter increase with age in Rocky Mountain Horses. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:1317–1321)

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Liang, Wentao, Li Huang, Xiang Ma, Lijie Dong, Rui Cheng, Marcus Dehdarani, Dimitrios Karamichos, and Jian-xing Ma. "Pathogenic Role of Diabetes-Induced Overexpression of Kallistatin in Corneal Wound Healing Deficiency Through Inhibition of Canonical Wnt Signaling." Diabetes 71, no. 4 (January 19, 2022): 747–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db21-0740.

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It was reported previously that circulation levels of kallistatin, an endogenous Wnt signaling inhibitor, are increased in patients with diabetes. The current study was conducted to determine the role of kallistatin in delayed wound healing in diabetic corneas. Immunostaining and Western blot analysis showed kallistatin levels were upregulated in corneas from humans and rodents with diabetes. In murine corneal wound healing models, the canonical Wnt signaling was activated in nondiabetic corneas and suppressed in diabetic corneas, correlating with delayed wound healing. Transgenic expression of kallistatin suppressed the activation of Wnt signaling in the cornea and delayed wound healing. Local inhibition of Wnt signaling in the cornea by kallistatin, an LRP6-blocking antibody, or the soluble VLDL receptor ectodomain (an endogenous Wnt signaling inhibitor) delayed wound healing. In contrast, ablation of the VLDL receptor resulted in overactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and accelerated corneal wound healing. Activation of Wnt signaling in the cornea accelerated wound healing. Activation of Wnt signaling promoted human corneal epithelial cell migration and proliferation, which was attenuated by kallistatin. Our findings suggested that diabetes-induced overexpression of kallistatin contributes to delayed corneal wound healing by inhibiting the canonical Wnt signaling. Thus, kallistatin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the cornea could be potential therapeutic targets for diabetic corneal complications.

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Daxer, Albert. "Biomechanics of the Cornea." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 3, no. 2 (2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1080.

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ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to provide an applicable and easy-to-use mathematical model of the biomechanics of the cornea. The new spherical dome model considers not only the heterogeneity of the tunica of the eye and distinguishes structurally between cornea, limbus and sclera. It also implements the structural anisotropy inside the corneal stroma caused by the corneas lamellar structure as well as the asphericity of the corneal shape. How to cite this article Daxer A. Biomechanics of the Cornea. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(2):57-62.

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Ambrósio Jr., Renato, Louise Pellegrino G. Esporcatte, Karolyna Andrade de Carvalho, Marcella Q. Salomão, Amanda Luiza Pereira-Souza, Bernardo T. Lopes, Aydano P. Machado, and Sebastian Marschall. "Combined Rotating Ultra-High-Resolution Spectral Domain OCT and Scheimpflug Imaging for In Vivo Corneal Optical Biopsy." Diagnostics 14, no. 13 (July 8, 2024): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131455.

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Purpose: This article introduces the Pentacam® Cornea OCT (optical coherence tomography). This advanced corneal imaging system combines rotating ultra-high-resolution spectral domain OCT with sub- 2-micron axial resolution and Scheimpflug photography. The purpose of this study is to present the first experience with the instrument and its potential for corneal diagnostics, including optical biopsy. Methods: In this prospective study, the Pentacam® Cornea OCT was used to image the corneas of seven patients. The novel wide-angle pericentric scan system enables optimal OCT imaging performance for the corneal layer structure over the entire width of the cornea, including the limbal regions. A detailed analysis of the resulting images assessed the synergism between the OCT and Scheimpflug photography. Results: The Pentacam® Cornea OCT demonstrated significantly improved image resolution and ability to individualize corneal layers with high quality. There is a synergism between the OCT high-definition signal to individualize details on the cornea and Scheimpflug photography to detect and quantify corneal scattering. The noncontact exam was proven safe, user-friendly, and effective for enabling optical biopsy. Conclusions: Pentacam® Cornea OCT is an advancement in corneal imaging technology. The ultra-high-resolution spectral domain OCT and Scheimpflug photography provide unprecedented detail and resolution, enabling optical biopsy and improving the understanding of corneal pathology. Further studies are necessary to compare and analyze the tomographic reconstructions of the cornea with the different wavelengths, which may provide helpful information for diagnosing and managing corneal diseases.

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Faganello, Cláudia Skilhan, Vanessa Ruiz Moura da Silva, Maria Cristina Caldart de Andrade, André Silva Carissimi, and João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto. "Morphology of endothelial cells from different regions of the equine cornea." Ciência Rural 46, no. 12 (September 15, 2016): 2223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160216.

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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology of different regions of the equine cornea using optical microscopy. Both healthy eyes of eight horses, male or female, of different ages were evaluated. Corneas were stained with alizarin red vital dye and subsequently examined and photographed using optical microscopy. Corneal endothelial morphology of central, superior, inferior, temporal and nasal areas was assessed. One hundred endothelial cells from each corneal area were analyzed. The shape of the corneal endothelial cells of each corneal region was analyzed. Statistical data analysis was conducted using the Student's t test. Values of P<0.01 were considered significant. Regarding morphological analysis, no statistically significant differences were reported between the equine corneal regions analyzed. The present research suggested that there are no morphological differences between regions of the equine cornea. The values obtained in any region of the equine cornea can be extrapolated to other regions of the cornea and are representative of the cell morphology present in all regions of the cornea.

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Krasnov, M. S., and V. P. Yamskova. "The Effect of Bioregulators Isolated from Blood Serum and Cornea of the Bovin’s Eye on the Condition of Tissue and Cells of the Rabbit Corneas during Cultivation and Storage." Ophthalmology in Russia 18, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2021-3-488-494.

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Objective: to study the condition of the cornea, as well as its epithelial and endothelial cells, while maintaining in vitro at various temperature conditions, under the influence of a number of factors, including bioregulators isolated from blood serum and cornea of the bovine, and epidermal growth factor.Methods. The study was carried out on rabbit corneas stored at temperatures of +4, –86 °C, as well as the cultivation of endothelial and epithelial cells isolated from the cornea after storage at these temperatures, followed by histological and immunohistochemical studies.Results. Storage of the cornea at +4 °C for 10 days leads to corneal edema and significantly reduces their transparency, both bioregulators partially prevent a decrease in the transparency of the cornea, while the endothelial layer lyses in groups with the addition of epidermal growth factor and corneal bioregulator; but remains in the cornea with the addition of a serum bioregulator. All three factors contribute to the preservation of the Bowman membrane. In the corneas stored at –86 °C on the 30th day, a preserved endothelial layer was observed, and the epithelium retained its multilayering in all groups with the addition of factors other than the control group. In the control samples, the epithelial layer partially exfoliated, the endothelial layer was almost completely lysed. Both bioregulators stimulated the proliferation of cells isolated from the native cornea and enhanced the action of the epidermal growth factor. Similar results were obtained on cells isolated from stored corneas for 2 weeks at –86 °C. In the case of combined use of the epidermal growth factor and bioregulators on the 30th day, the endothelial layer was mainly preserved, the Descemet’s membrane was not broken. In the control samples, the epithelium was mainly single-layered, partially exfoliated, and the endothelial layer was completely lysed.Conclusion. Storage of cornea during hypothermia (+4 °С) does not provide corneal viability for longer than 10 days. Storage under conditions of cryopreservation (–86 °C) ensures the viability of the cornea for 60 days. Adding bioregulators and an epidermal growth factor to the basic preservation medium allows one to obtain a structurally safe and viable cornea, while all cellular layers of the cornea, including the endothelial layer, are preserved and viable.

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Abou-Slaybi, Abdo, Arsia Jamali, Deshea L. Harris, Yashar Seyed-Razavi, and Pedram Hamrah. "Analysis of leukocyte populations and nerves in developing murine corneas." Journal of Immunology 202, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2019): 117.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.117.15.

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Abstract The avascular cornea is the most densely innervated tissue in the body and is endowed with resident bone marrow-derived cells. We have identified a novel subset of resident corneal plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). We have shown pDCs support corneal nerves through release of nerve growth factor (NGF). This study was to examine the presence of pDCs in the developing cornea. We examined corneas from E17, P2, and 8 week adult C57BL/6 mice. Corneas were stained for the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, the pDC marker plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen-1 (PDCA-1), the pan-neuronal marker bIII-tubulin. Corneal CD45+ and PDCA-1+ cells and nerves were quantified. Significance was assigned by ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test. All data is reported as mean ± standard deviation. Corneal CD45+ leukocyte density increased from E17 (65.4±14 cells/mm2) to P2 pups (301.9±19 cells/mm2, p<0.05). Both E17 and P2 corneas had lower CD45+ density when compared to adults (345±34 cells/mm2, p<0.05). We observed pDCs in the anterior stroma proximal to corneal nerves in E17, P2, and adult corneas. In E17, few pDCs were present in the peripheral cornea (1.5±2.6 cells/mm2), with none in the central cornea. In P2, pDCs were found in the periphery (68.19±8.99 cells/mm2), but not central corneas. The density of pDCs in adult peripheral (82.2±5.1 cells/mm2) and central (51.6±4.9 cells/mm2) corneas was greater than E17 (p<0.001) and P2 (p<0.05) corneas. Nerve density increased from E17 (45.43±6.75 mm/mm2) when compared to P2 (83.15±.21.6 mm/mm2 p<0.05) and to adult (151.6±3.25 mm/mm2 p<0.05) corneas. Our data show pDC density increased from embryonic, to neonatal, and adult corneas. Concurrently corneal nerve density increased during development from embryonic to adult mice.

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Monostori, Tamás, Diána Szűcs, Borbála Lovászi, Lajos Kemény, and Zoltán Veréb. "Advances in tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting for corneal regeneration." International Journal of Bioprinting 10, no. 1 (January 16, 2024): 1669. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ijb.1669.

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Blindness resulting from corneal damage affects millions of people worldwide. The scarcity of corneal donors adds a layer of complexity to patient treatment. Consequently, exploring artificial cornea substitutes has become imperative in the realm of clinical research. Scientific advancements have ushered in a plethora of innovative solutions, including keratoprostheses or decellularized cornea scaffolds. The development of three-dimensional (3D) printing has further expanded the horizons of research in this field, delving into the feasibility of bioprinted corneas and yielding numerous promising outcomes. However, the manufacturing of corneal products via 3D printing poses a substantial challenge, demanding a meticulous selection of materials and techniques to ensure the transparency and preservation of the optical and mechanical properties of the artificial cornea. In the review, we present the artificial cornea substitutes. Additionally, we aim to provide a concise overview of the 3D printing techniques and materials applicable to corneal bioprinting.

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Gilger, Brian C., R. David Whitley, Susan A. McLaughlin, James C. Wright, and J. Wanzer Drane. "Canine corneal thickness measured by ultrasonic pachymetry." American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1570–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.10.1570.

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SUMMARY Ultrasonic pachymetry was used to measure central, superior peripheral, and temporal peripheral corneal thicknesses of 75 dogs (150 eyes) with normal corneas, anterior chambers, and intraocular pressure. Mean corneal thickness averaged over the 2 eyes, 3 locations, and 75 dogs was 562 ± 6.2 μm. The peripheral cornea was thicker on average than the central cornea by 49.43 ± 8.45 μm and this difference increased with age at 6.97 ± 1.3 μm/month of age. Mean corneal thickness changed with age (14.23 ± 2.26 μm/month), and weight (1.83 ± 0.38 μm/kg). Females had significantly thinner corneas (22.43 ± 11.03 μm than males) after adjusting for age and weight.

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Romano, Vito, Zhuola Zhuola, Zhuo Chang, Bernhard Steger, Hannah J. Levis, Stephen B. Kaye, and Riaz Akhtar. "Biomechanical evaluation of central and peripheral Descemet’s membrane endothelial graft." Modeling and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology 2, no. 2 (June 18, 2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/maio.v2i2.71.

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Corneal endothelial transplant is the gold-standard treatment in cases of corneal endothelial cellular dysfunction. Preparation, delivery, and unfolding of the graft are technically demanding. We assessed the biomechanical behavior of Descemet’s membrane to better understand Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty(DMEK) graft behavior, and to select the right diameter and donor age graft . The biomechanical behavior was tested using atomic force microscopy (AFM) on five corneas unsuitable for transplantation. The peripheral cornea was found to be stiffer than the central cornea (3171.89 MPa and 2837.20 MPa, respectively). The elastic modulus of both the central and peripheral cornea exhibited a trend to decrease with age. In addition, the central cornea becomes stiff er than the peripheral cornea in older patients, while the peripheral cornea was stiff er in younger patients. AFM is a suitable technique for evaluating biomechanical behavior of DMEK graft s. One interpretation of this varied behavior is that the type and quantity of collagen changes with age and location.

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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cornea"

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McGowan, Sara L. "Stem cell markers in the posterior limbus and cornea." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007r/mcgowan.pdf.

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Ahearne, Mark. "Mechanical characterisation of cornea and corneal stromal equivalents." Thesis, Keele University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573762.

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Williams, Susan R. "Role of Mal/TIRAP in TLR2- and TLR4-, but not TLR5-Induced Corneal Inflammation." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1259983828.

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Schultes, Klaus. "Ultrastructural characterization of ultraviolet induced corneal disease : an animal model." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27046.

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The majority of ancient people worshipped the sun and viewed it as a health - bringing deity. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century therapeutic benefits of sunlight exposure were beginning to be understood and by the end of the nineteenth century the importance of ultraviolet radiation was being realized. Danish physician Niels Finsen, whom many regard as the father of ultraviolet phototherapy, also stressed that it was ultraviolet radiation in the solar spectrum which cause sunburn. We now recognize that the small portion of ultraviolet radiation which reaches the earth's surface is not necessarily therapeutic, but in fact could be harmful to humans. There are numerous accounts of the harmful effects of UV radiation to the skin and the eye as a whole. These effects may be caused by either acute or chronic exposure to UV radiation. For example, some acute effects of UV-B radiation include conjunctivitis and photokeratitis. "Snow blindness" and "arc welders eye" are further examples of acute ultraviolet damage specifically to the surface of the cornea. On the other hand, chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is thought to be responsible for pterygia, climatic droplet keratopathy Hill and Maske (1989), cancers of the external eye, cataracts and various types of retinal diseases. The present study is an extension of ongoing studies on ultraviolet radiation damage to the cornea in the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital. Their specific interest lies in the causes and treatment of climatic droplet keratopathy. The aims of the present study are: 1) Establish a possible role of ultraviolet B radiation in human corneal diseases such as climatic droplet keratopathy and pterygium using the rabbit as an animal model. 2) Determine by means of SEM the initial effects and subsequent recovery of the epithelium after a 3-hour dose of ultraviolet B radiation. We refer to this study as "acute" response to ultraviolet B radiation. 3) To try and confirm the effects observed by SEM with ultrastructural studies using TEM. 4) In addition, we are also looking at the possible effects after exposing rabbit cornea to a daily dose of low level ultraviolet B radiation, over a long period of time. We refer to this as chronic exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. It is hoped that by exposing rabbits to ultraviolet light, principally ultraviolet B radiation, diseases similar to those found in humans could be simulated and disease progression studied. People are generally exposed to substantial amounts of UV radiation for a very long time. Since people generally live longer they will be exposed to an ever-increasing amount of solar UV radiation and subsequently, there is an increasing risk of developing corneal diseases. The possible threat to the ozone is also a real possibility and could lead to increased levels of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface. This will require a greater understanding of the very nature of corneal damage due to acute and chronic exposure. This study focusses mainly on the acute response to UV-B radiation since most studies have investigated effects of prolonged exposure to UV light. Accordingly, much less is known about acute exposure. Many people suffering from acute UV B radiation effects probably never visit the ophthalmologist or wait for a couple of days. This could also contribute to the fact that effects of short-term damage is not well documented.

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Chmulíková, Mária. "Očné centrum Cornea." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372034.

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The subject of the master thesis is the design of an eye center. It’s a three-floored building, where in the first floor is designed eye optics, pharmacy and main entrance to the eye center. During the design of the building, emphasis is placed on people with reduced mobility and orientation, technical building solution, thermal technical solution, as well as the assessment of fire safety. On the second floor there is an eye clinic and an operating theatre. On the third floor there are designed an operating theatre, a conference room and offices. The two types of roofs are designed - a vegetation flat roof and a walkable flat roof.

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Martins, Luís Carlos [UNESP]. "Avaliação ultra-estrutural do endotélio corneal de ratos normais e de diabéticos aloxânicos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88910.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_lc_me_botfm.pdf: 1919468 bytes, checksum: d4a42d395d3517a07ebafa18c26a4e02 (MD5)
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência do diabetes experimental sobre a ultra-estrutura do endotélio corneal de ratos. O estudo foi prospectivo, utilizando 20 ratos da raça Wistar, com 3 meses de idade, divididos em: grupo controle (GC), contendo 10 ratos, e grupo diabético (GD), contendo 10 ratos. A indução do diabetes foi feita com injeção de Aloxana endovenosa 42 mg/kg de peso (M0), após o que os animais foram observados por 15 dias para confirmar a presença de diabetes grave (M1). Um mês após M1 (M2) e 12 meses após M1 (M3) os animais foram sacrificados, sendo removidos e preparados os olhos para avaliação à microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Os animais do GD mostraram importante redução de peso, aumento da injestão hídrica e aumento da diurese em relação aos ratos do GC. Na avaliação morfológica observou-se nos animais do GC corpos densos e figuras de Mielina no M3. Os ratos do GD apresentaram as mesmas alterações encontradas no GC em M3, em maior intensidade, com alterações nucleares e citoplasmáticas, como mitocôndrias bastante alteradas na forma e tamanho, rarefação do citoplasma e aumento de vesículas. Os ratos do GD em M3 apresentaram mais alterações que os do GDM2. Conclui-se que o diabetes experimental causa dano ultra-estrutural no endotélio corneal de ratos e que as alterações são evolutivas.
The objective of study was to make na assessment of experimental diabetes influence on of rats corneal endothelium ultra-structure. The study was prospective, using 20 Wistar 3-month-old rats, divided (by draw) into groups: control group (GC), with 10 rats, and diabetic group (GD), with 10 rats. The diabetes induction was made by means of intravenous injection of Aloxan 42 mg/Kg weigth. After the diabetes induction (M1), the animals had been observed for 15 days, and then, 1 month after M1 (M2) and 12 months after M1 (M3) to confirm the diagnosis of severe diabetes. At experimental moments M2 and M3, the animals eyes enucleation and preparation were carried out for assessment trough transmission eletronic microscopy. GD animals had shown significant reduction of weigth, increasing of hydric and nourishing injection and increasing of diuresis in relation to GC rats. In the morphological assessment, dense bodies and Myelin figures were observed in M3 GC animals. GC rats had presented the same alterations found in GC animals in M3, in major intensity, beyond mitochondrias rather modified in their form and size, cytoplasm rarefaction, vesicles increasing and nuclear alterations. It is concluded that experimental diabets causes ultra-structural of rats corneal endothelium.

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Glavine, Kristin Ann. "Using corneal characteristics to predict corneal change in overnight orthokeratology /." Adobe Acrobat Reader required to view document, 2009. http://www.neco.edu/library/theses/GlavineThesisApr09.pdf.

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Rodrigues, Giovanna Giuffrida. "Avaliação de úlceras de córnea complicadas em cães, tratadas com a membrana de poli(butileno adipato-cotereftalato) (PBAT) e amido termoplástico (TPS) /." Araçatuba, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151526.

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Orientador: Alexandre Lima de Andrade
Banca: Flávia de Rezende Eugênio
Banca: Natalie Bertelis Merlini
Resumo: A ceratite ulcerativa é uma condição comum e importante e ocorre quando o epitélio e uma quantidade variável de estroma são perdidos. Atualmente, tem-se estudado o emprego de membrana de polímeros sintéticos, para reparação tectônica, em substituição aos tecidos biológicos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o tratamento, por ceratoplastia lamelar com o uso da membrana de Poli(butileno adipato-co-tereftalato) (PBAT) / Amido Termoplástico (TPS), de úlceras de córnea de seis cães da rotina clínica. Foram avaliados os aspectos clínicos quanto a: blefarospasmo, hiperemia conjuntival, secreção ocular, vascularização corneal, e sinais de extrusão da membrana aos terceiro, sétimo, décimo quinto e trigésimo dias de posoperatório (M3, M7, M15, M30). Com os valores obtidos, foi realizada análise descritiva dos resultados, com cálculo de porcentagem e mediana dos dados e escores adotados. Quanto ao blefarospasmo, este foi leve até M3, tornando-se ausente em M30. A secreção ocular esteve sob forma leve até o M7 e se tornou ausente até o M30. Com relação à hiperemia conjuntival, observou-se que foi intensa no M0 e regrediu temporalmente até M15. A vascularização corneal teve importância clínica a partir de M7, tornando-se intensa no M15 e moderada no M30. Após remoção da membrana, observou-se cicatrização corneal e manutenção da estrutura do bulbo do olho. Com base nos resultados obtidos e nas condições aqui estabelecidas, é possível concluir que a membrana de PBAT/TPS consti... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: - Ulcerative keratitis or corneal ulcer is a common and important condition and occurs when the epithelium and a variable amount of stroma are lost. Nowadays, the use of synthetic polymer membranes has been studied for tectonic repair, replacing biological tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment of corneal ulcers of six dogs from clinical routine by interlamellar keratoplasty with Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) / Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) membranes. The clinical aspects regarding blepharospasm, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular secretion, corneal vascularization, and membrane extrusion signals at third, seventh, fifteenth and thirtieth postoperative days (M3, M7, M15, M30) were evaluated. With the obtained data a descriptive analysis of the results was performed, with calculation of percentage and median of the data and adopted scores. As for blepharospasm, it was mild to M3, becoming absent in M30. The ocular secretion, was in light form until the M7, and became absent until the M30. Conjunctival hyperemia was observed to be intense in M0 and regressed temporarily to M15. The corneal vascularization had clinical importance from M7, becoming intense in M15 and moderate in M30. After removal of the membrane, corneal healing was observed, and the structure of the eye bulb was maintained. Based on the results obtained and the conditions established herein, it is possible to conclude that the PBAT / TPS membrane is a viable alternative to lamellar keratoplasty
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Podskochy, Alexander. "Ultraviolet radiation and cornea /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-118-7/.

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Alharbi, Ahmed A. Optometry &amp Vision Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Corneal response to overnight orthokeratology." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Optometry and Vision Science, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22515.

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Orthokeratology (OK) is the reduction, modification or elimination of myopia through application of contact lenses. With the development of high Dk/t lens materials, overnight therapy has become the modality of choice for OK. Overnight OK lens wear has been previously investigated in terms of its efficacy to reduce myopia. However, the underlying effects of overnight OK lens wear on the human cornea have received less attention. As well as the clinical efficacy of overnight OK, this study investigated the effects of overnight OK on topographical corneal thickness and the overnight corneal edema response, and corneal tissue changes with overnight OK. Eighteen subjects participated as the OK lens-wearing group, wearing BE lenses (UltraVision, Brisbane, Queensland) in both eyes. A further ten subjects participated as control subjects, wearing conventional rigid lenses (J-Contour, UltraVision) in the right eye (RE) only. The left eye (LE) acted as a non-lens-wearing control. Both groups wore lenses overnight only, with no lens wear during the day. Measurements were conducted at baseline then on day 1, 4, 10, 30, 60, and 90 for the OK lens-wearing eyes; and up to day 30 for the control group, in the morning (after overnight lens wear) and in the evening (after 8-10 hours of lens removal). Variables measured included best vision sphere (BVS), unaided logMAR visual acuity (VA), refractive astigmatism, apical corneal power (ACP), simulated K readings (Medmont E300 corneal topographer), topographical corneal thickness (Holden-Payor optical pachometer), and keratocyte and endothelial cell densities (ConfoScan2 confocal microscope). Approximately 75% of myopia was corrected after the first night of OK lens wear and the changes in refractive error stabilised by day 10. By day 90, myopia reduction averaged 2.54 ?? 0.63 D. This was associated with significant improvement in unaided VA of about 82% after the first night of lens wear. There was no change in refractive astigmatism over the 3-month period. There was significant reduction in ACP in the OK lens-wearing eyes after the first night of lens wear, which accounted for more than 70% of the total ACP change over the 3-month period (RE: -2.16 ?? 0.53 D; LE: -2.11 ?? 0.86 D). There was significant central epithelial thinning (about 30%) and significant thickening (about 3%) in the mid-peripheral stroma in the OK lens-wearing eyes. Significant central epithelial thinning was found after the first night of lens wear while thickening in the mid-peripheral stroma reached statistical significance by day 4. Further analysis suggests that topographical corneal thickness changes account for the refractive error changes with overnight OK lens wear, rather than corneal bending. The central overnight stromal edema response was significantly reduced in the OK lens-wearing eyes (1.2 ?? 0.5%) to a level lower than in the conventional RGP (6.2 ?? 1.2%) and non-lens-wearing eyes (2.5 ?? 0.9%) in the control group. Mid-peripheral and peripheral stromal edema responses showed similar levels to those predicted based on lens Dk/t. A single overnight wear of BE and Paragon Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT) lenses showed that the edema response to BE lens wear is significantly less than in the CRT lens-wearing eyes (BE: 2.5 ?? 0.7%; CRT 3.5 ?? 1.3%) immediately on eye opening. No significant changes were found in either central stromal keratocyte or endothelial cell densities in either OK or control groups over the study period. In conclusion, overnight OK lens wear induces significant reductions in myopia after the first night of lens wear associated with improvement in unaided VA. Overnight OK lens wear causes significant thinning in the central epithelium and significant mid-peripheral stromal thickening which results in flattening of the central cornea and steepening in the mid-periphery. Although there were no significant changes in central stromal keratocyte and endothelial cell densities, thinning of the central epithelial layer raises concerns regarding the safety of the procedure, especially with the alarming number of corneal infections reported recently in the literature.

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Books on the topic "Cornea"

1

Rapuano, Christopher J. Cornea. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Pub. Division, 2003.

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H, Krachmer Jay, Mannis Mark J, and Holland E. J. 1937-, eds. Cornea. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby, 2005.

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Trattler, William B. Cornea handbook. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Inc., 2010.

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1941-, Waring George O., ed. Corneal disorders: Clinical diagnosis and management. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1998.

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Copeland, Robert A., Natalie A. Afshari, and Claes H. Dohlman. Copeland and Afshari's principles and practice of cornea. New Delhi: Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers, Inc., 2013.

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Krachmer, Jay H. Cornea. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Mosby, 2005.

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Krachmer, Jay H. Cornea. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Mosby, 2005.

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Krachmer, Jay H. Cornea. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Mosby, 2005.

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Krachmer, Jay H. Cornea. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997.

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Gilbert, Smolin, and Thoft Richard A, eds. The Cornea: Scientific foundations and clinical practice. 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cornea"

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Bühren, Jens. "Cornea." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_430-4.

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Kivelä, Tero, Elisabeth M. Messmer, and Beata Rymgayłło-Jankowska. "Cornea." In Eye Pathology, 79–154. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43382-9_3.

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Krieglstein, Günter K., Christian P. Jonescu-Cuypers, Maria Severin, and Michael A. Vobig. "Cornea." In Atlas of Ophthalmology, 65–111. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57132-9_4.

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Stefani, Fritz H., and Gerhard Hasenfratz. "Cornea." In Macroscopic Ocular Pathology, 15–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71796-3_3.

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Gabrys, Beata, John L. Capinera, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Benjamin C. Legaspi, Lewis S. Long, John L. Capinera, Jamie Ellis, et al. "Cornea." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1065. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_10033.

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Bühren, Jens. "Cornea." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology, 512. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69000-9_430.

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Cummings, Thomas J. "Cornea." In Ophthalmic Pathology, 21–42. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4394-0_2.

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Berman, Elaine R. "Cornea." In Biochemistry of the Eye, 89–150. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9441-0_3.

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Khalil, Mostafa, Omar Kouli, and Rizwan Malik. "Cornea." In The Duke Elder Exam of Ophthalmology, 85–96. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429275081-8.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Cornea." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 885. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13475.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cornea"

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Howland, H. C., A. Glasser, and R. Applegate. "Polynomial Approximations of Corneal Surfaces And Corneal Curvature Topography." In Ophthalmic and Visual Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ovo.1992.wb1.

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Machines for the measurement of corneal topography typically produce a colored topographic map of the mean curvature of the cornea. (1). From the examination of a number of such maps of normal corneas it has been found that the normal cornea is most curved at its apex and flatter in the periphery. By contrast, a cornea flattened by corneal surgery will typically be flatter in its center and steeper in the periphery (2).

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Rahimi, Abdolrasol, and Hamed Hatami-Marbini. "Hydration Effects on Tensile Properties of the Corneal Stroma." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14788.

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The mechanical behavior of the cornea is mainly governed by the microstructure and composition of the stroma. The stroma is a highly ordered extracellular matrix and constitutes about 90% of the corneal thickness. From the mechanics point of view, the corneal stroma can be considered as a polyelectrolyte gel which is composed of collagen fibrils embedded in an aqueous matrix. The collagen fibrils compose about 70% of cornea’s dry mass and are arranged in a regular lattice structure [2]. Previous studies have shown that while the collagen fibrils are primarily located parallel to the surface, they are not distributed uniformly in all directions and their preferred orientation is not same in different species. For example, collagen fibrils are almost equally distributed in the nasal-temporal and inferior-superior directions in healthy human corneas [4] and they are mainly aligned in the inferior-superior direction in bovine corneas[2]. The differences in the orientations of the collagen fibrils have seen to have important implications on the mechanical properties of the cornea. In addition to this observation, the relative distance between the collagen fibrils is expected to play a role in defining the mechanics of the tissue. It is well-documented that the proteoglycans bind collagen fibrils at regular sites and control their relative position. The main proteoglycan in the corneal stroma is decorin. Decorin is the simplest small leucine-rich proteoglycan with a single glycosaminoglycan side chain. Chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and keratan sulfate are among the prevalent glycosaminoglycans found in the cornea. Under physiological conditions, these linear carbohydrate polymers are ionized and carry negative charges. Therefore, a hydrated gel is formed in the empty space between collagen fibrils by attracting water. It is known that the interaction of these negatively charged glycosaminoglycans with themselves and with the free ions contribute to the corneal swelling pressure and subsequently to its compressive stiffness. Nevertheless, their possible influence on the corneal tensile properties is yet to be determined. In this work, we experimentally characterized the tensile properties of the bovine corneal stroma in different bathing solutions. Furthermore, a quasi-linear viscoelastic (QLV) model was used to examine the effect of bathing fluids and corneal hydration on mechanical parameter of the cornea.

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Campbell, Charles E. "Detection of certain corneal pathologies using parameters derived from topographical measurements of the corneal surface." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.ma.5.

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Many methods have been tried to detect pathological conditions of the cornea using corneal topography. In the approach communicated here certain global parameters derived from topographical information of the anterior corneal surface are shown to create a three dimensional parameter space which can be partitioned so as to divide the general population into sub populations, each of which is well correlated with certain pathological conditions of the cornea or with clinically normal corneas. In addition, these parameter groupings give insight in the structural mechanisms underlying the disorder they identify.

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Munger, Rejean, Evanne J. Casson, and W. Bruce Jackson. "Topography and optical performance of the cornea following hyperopic Excimer PRK." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.fc.1.

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Visual performance after refractive surgery depends critically on the optical quality of the post-operative cornea. To understand subtle visual problems that cannot be corrected by optical means we must go beyond the paraxial refractive power of the cornea and fully characterize its optical properties. Research is also required into the relationship between the shape of the cornea and visual performance after PRK. As a first step towards a better description of the optical characteristics of PRK corneas we are developing ray tracing methods, which use corneal topography as the surface descriptor, to calculate their optical properties. The Eye Institute is also involved in a pilot study to evaluate the VISX “STAR” Excimer laser for PRK treatment of hyperopia. In this paper we present data on (a) corneal optical quality, (b) corneal topography (ablation profile), and (C) visual acuities for 2 patients followed for 6 months after a hyperopic Excimer PRK surgery.

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Wang, Xue-Jing, Cong-Cong Wang, Shuang Hao, Ping Yu, Ai-Jun Deng, and Guo-Hui Wang. "Cornea Biomechanical Properties, Corneal Fibroblasts and Collagen Content Changed in the Early Phase of Cornea Growth." In 2015 International Conference on Medicine and Biopharmaceutical. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814719810_0063.

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Schwiegerling, Jim, John E. Greivenkamp, and Joseph M. Miller. "Zernike Polynomial Representations of Videokeratoscope Height Data." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1995.fc3.

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Placido-disk based videokeratoscopes measure the slope of the corneal surface in the meridional direction. The derivative of this slope data is related to the optical power distribution of the cornea. While the power map is widely used for clinical evaluation, information about the sag or height of the cornea is useful for determining the optical effects of the cornea. This sag data is calculated by integrating the slope data obtained by the videokeratoscope. A significant drawback to viewing the surface sag data is proper display of the pertinent height information. Small height variations on the surface are obscured by the axial symmetric aspheric sag corresponding to the base power of the cornea and a possible cylindrical sag corresponding to corneal astigmatism. In this paper, we will examine a method for decomposing corneal height data into Zernike polynomials, and show how to obtain base and astigmatic curvatures and powers from the expansion coefficients. These coefficients are used to calculate the parabolic and cylindrical components of the topography data. By removing these terms from the original height data, the residual higher-order height variations of the cornea are shown more clearly. Topographies of an eye with corneal astigmatism and an eye that underwent radial keratotomy are displayed using this technique.

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Jian, Jia-Hong, and Jia-Han Li. "Analysis of the Optical Properties Affected by the Nanostructures of the Corneal Stroma." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2019.18a_e208_5.

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Nanostructures of the collagen fibers play an important role in the corneal stroma. It influences the optical properties and transparency of the cornea. Several theoretical studies indicate that the cornea presents transparent because of the suitable diameter of collagen fibers, the arrangement between layers of the lamellar, and the refractive index of collagen fibers and fillers in the stroma [1]. The cornea is the transparent substance at the front of the eye. From the outside to the inside layers of the cornea are divided into epithelium, bowman’s layer, stroma, descemet’s membrane and endothelium. The thickness of the stroma is about 500 μm, which is about 90% of the total thickness of the cornea. It is made of 200 lamellar crystal layers which are stacked at an angle to each layers, and lamellar crystal consists type I and IV collagen fiber structure. In 1957, D. M. Mauurice proposed the theory of lattice arrangement in the fibrous structure of the corneal stroma layer [2].

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Feng, Xu, Guo-Yang Li, Antoine Ramier, and Seok-Hyun Yun. "In vivo stiffness mapping of the human cornea using high-frequency optical coherence elastography." In Bio-Optics: Design and Application. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boda.2023.jw2b.1.

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Measuring the spatial variation of the cornea has clinical significance for diagnosing corneal ectasia disease and evaluating refractive surgery outcomes. We present spatially-resolved stiffness mapping of the human cornea in vivo using optical coherence elastography.

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Molladavoodi, Sara, John B. Medley, Maud Gorbet, and H. J. Kwon. "Mechanotransduction in Corneal Epithelial Cells." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65406.

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Mechanical properties of the cornea can be affected by diseases such as keratoconus. In keratoconus, a decrease in both thickness and rigidity of the cornea is observed. It is currently not clear whether and how changes in mechanical properties of the cornea are associated with corneal epithelial cell behavior. In the present study, polyacrylamide (PAA) gels with different elastic moduli have been prepared and human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) have been cultured on them. To investigate the effect that changes in elastic modulus may have on adhesion and migration of corneal epithelial cells, actin filament organization and expression of adhesion molecules were characterized. It was found that HCECs actin filament organization improves with increasing substrate stiffness and integrin α3 expression significantly increases on more compliant substrates.

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Chastang, Jean-Claude, Khalil Hanna, Louis Asfar, and Jean Samson. "Optical fabrication issues in excimer laser keratomileusis." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.wy7.

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The ablation characteristics of the output of an ArF excimer laser at 193 nm when applied to the corneal tissue have received much attention because they offer the prospect of correcting visual errors by actually reshaping the cornea. The reshaping of the cornea is done by projecting onto the cornea the image of a small aperture, which is in effect etched onto the cornea with every pulse of the laser. The extent and type of correction under consideration (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism) determine the shape of the aperture as well as its trajectory onto the cornea. The summation of the elementary ablations over the cornea yields the global required ablation. Mathematical developments explaining how the shape of the apertures as well as their trajectories are determined to obtain a given correction are explained. Optical components other than the cornea could be machined in an analogous manner.

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Reports on the topic "Cornea"

1

Varma, Shambhu D. Sulfur Mustard Damage to Cornea: Preventive Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395645.

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Varma, Shambhu D. Sulfur Mustard Damage to Cornea: Preventive Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada406234.

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Schultz, Gregory. VRP09 Reduction of Corneal Scarring Following Blast and Burn Injuries to Cornea Using siRNAs Targeting TGFb and CTGF. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602472.

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Schultz, Gregory. VRP09 Reduction of Corneal Scarring Following Blast and Burn Injuries to Cornea Using siRNAs Targeting TGFb and CTGF. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602605.

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Varma, Shambhu D., John Petrali, Medhat Henein, and Kavita Hedge. Sulfur Mustard Damage to Cornea With Emphasis on Skin: Preventative Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419697.

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Basto Souza, Ricardo. Neuprotective activity of a sulfated agaran isolated from red seaweed Gracilaria cornea in Parkinson’s disease model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in rats: Behavioral and nitrite levels analyses. Peeref, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2304p7385899.

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Laxmi Prasanna, Porandla, B. Anil kumar, and Macha Sahithi. A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE TEAR FILM CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH PTERYGIUM. World Wide Journals, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/3408221.

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Introduction: Pterygium is a degenerative condition of the subconjunctival tissues which proliferate as vascularized granulation tissue to invade the cornea, destroying the supercial layers of the stroma and bowmans membrane, the whole being covered by conjunctival epithelium.The tear lm consists of three layers, the most supercial layer of tear lm is lipid layer produced by meibomian glands. The middle layer is the aqueous layer produced by the main lacrimal gland as well as accessory lacrimal glands of Krause and Wolfring. Aqueous layer constitutes over 90% of the tear lm. The layer closest to the cornea is the mucin layer produced by conjunctival goblet cells. Tear function abnormalities have been proposed as an etiologic factor for pterygium due to observation that a pterygium is exacerbated by dryness and dellen formation. Whether tear dysfunction is a precursor to pterygium growth or pterygium causes tear dysfunction is still not clear. The present study was taken up to study the tear lm changes in patients presenting with pterygium. Materials and methods: The present prospective study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences from Jan 2021- July 2022. 75 patients satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The eye with pterygium was considered as case and the normal eye of the same patient was considered as controls. The data was recorded for 150 eyes. All patients underwent visual acuity assessment, a detailed slit-lamp examination and ophthalmoscopy to rule out adnexal, anterior segment and posterior segment diseases. Patients were evaluated for tear lm changes using Schirmer's test(with anesthesia),Tear lm breakup time and Tear lm meniscus height. The mean age of the study population was 34.7±4.98 years, with 56% of ma Results: les and 44% of females. Pterygium was present in right eye in 73.33% (n=55) cases and 26.66% (n=20) had it in the left eye. All were on the nasal conjunctiva. Schirmer's test was signicantly lower in eyes with pterygium with P value of <0.001. Tear Film Break Up time and Tear Film meniscus height was signicantly lesser in the eyes with pterygium with P=<0.001. From the present study, we ca Conclusion: n suggest that unstable tear lm is found to a greater extent in eyes with pterygium than in eyes without pterygium. Pterygium is one of the most common ocular surface disorders which results in instability of tear lm indices and thus lead to dysfunctional tear lm and development of dry eye.

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Chiang, Katherine. Plant Genetics / Corn - Cornell University. Purdue University Libraries, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315010.

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Kjarsgaard, B. A., D. A. Leckie, D. J. McIntyre, D. H. McNeil, J W Haggart, L. Stasiuk, and J. Block. Smeaton kimberlite drill core, Fort à la Corne Field, Saskatchewan. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/205737.

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Hansen, Elaine, Dave Beckwith, Brian Egaas, Steve Levin-Stankevich, and Jennifer Michels. Three Corner Satellite. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410043.

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