Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CORE VERTEX'
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Peterson, Nicholas Richard. "On Random k-Out Graphs with Preferential Attachment." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1370527839.
Full textHANOT, RAHUL. "COMMUNITY DTECTION USING FIRE PROPAGATION AND BOUNDARY VERTICES ALGORITHMS." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2020. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18779.
Full textJunla, Nakorn. "Classification of certain genera of codes, lattices and vertex operator algebras." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18181.
Full textDepartment of Mathematics
Gerald H. Höhn
We classify the genera of doubly even binary codes, the genera of even lattices, and the genera of rational vertex operator algebras (VOAs) arising from the modular tensor categories (MTCs) of rank up to 4 and central charges up to 16. For the genera of even lattices, there are two types of the genera: code type genera and non code type genera. The number of the code type genera is finite. The genera of the lattices of rank larger than or equal to 17 are non code type. We apply the idea of a vector valued modular form and the representation of the modular group SL[subscript]2(Z) in [Bantay2007] to classify the genera of the VOAs arising from the MTCs of ranks up to 4 and central charges up to 16.
Beteille, Vicente Araujo. "Interações do cobre iônico com microalgas verdes." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6657.
Full textNo presente trabalho foram utilizados micro-organismos fotoautotróficos para a bioacumulação de cobre em regime de batelada. Para tal, utilizou-se micro-organismos dos gêneros Ankistrodesmus, Golenkinia, Monoraphidium e Scenedesmus, em função da sua disponibilidade, facilidade de cultivo e diferenças morfológicas. Ensaios preliminares foram realizados utilizando diferentes concentrações de biossorvente, com o intuito de verificar a influência deste fator na eficiência do processo de captação. Os testes realizados em batelada incluíram também o estudo cinético e do equilíbrio, nos quais foi possível verificar que para todos os gêneros testados, o processo de captação do metal em soluções diluídas atingiu o equilíbrio quase instantaneamente. Em soluções de Cu2+ mais concentradas, observou-se diferenças entre os gêneros estudados, no tempo necessário para estabelecimento do equilíbrio. Além disso, observou-se uma alta eficiência no processo de captação de íons Cu2+ em solução por parte dos micro-organismos, com elevada captação de metal por grama de biomassa. As diferenças morfológicas entre os gêneros pareceram não influenciar significativamente a cinética e o equilíbrio do processo. Os ensaios em batelada foram realizados também empregando-se células de Golenkinia imobilizadas em alginato de cálcio, além de testes com o próprio alginato isento de micro-organismos como experimento-controle afim de verificar a influencia da imobilização nos parâmetros cinéticos e na capacidade de captação. A partir dos resultados obtidos nos ensaios em batelada com todos os biossorventes, testou-se em cada caso a aplicação de modelos cinéticos (pseudo 1 e 2 ordem) e modelos de equilíbrio (isoterma de Langmuir e Freundlich). Verificou-se que para o 4 gêneros que empregando-se células livres o modelo cujo os resultados se adequaram melhor foi o de Langmuir, enquanto que para células imobilizadas ambos modelos se mostraram adequados
In the present work photoautothrophic microorganisms were used for the bioaccumulation of copper in batch system. To reach this goal, microorganisms from the genera Ankistrodesmus, Golenkinia, Monoraphidium and Scenedesmus were used, as a function of their availability, easiness of cultivation and morphological differences. Preliminary tests were performed using distinct biosorbent concentrtions, with the purpose of observing the effect of this factor in the efficiency of copper uptake process. Tests performed in batch conditions, also included kinetics and equilibrium studies, where it was observed that all genera tested, reached equilibrium instantaneously. For more concentrated Cu2+ solutions differences were observed among the genera tested in the time needed to reach equilibrium. Beyond this fact, it was observed a high uptake copper capacity by the microorganisms, with a high mg/g ratio. Morphological differences among the genera seemed not to significantly affect the kinetics and equilibrium of the process. Batch studies performed with the genus Golenkinia immobilized in calcium alginate, beyond the tests performed with alginate beads themselves (control experiment) aimed at verifying the effect of the immobilization in the kinetic parameters and uptake capacity. From the results obtained in batch studies with all biosorbent materials tested, kinetic models were tested for each cell (pseudo-1 and 2 order models) as well as equilibrium models (Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms). It was observed that for all genera tested, Langmuir best represented the uptake, when free cells were used, while for immobilized cells, both models could represent the experimental data
Kapoor, Akanksha. "Core-shell InGaN/GaN wires for flexible LEDs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY013.
Full textThe InGaN/GaN-based planar heterostructures are now widely used to produce light emitting diodes (LEDs). The blue LEDs and phosphor-converted white LEDs are already commercialized with high efficiencies. But further scope to reach long wavelength emission with improved efficiencies and mitigating issues likes efficiency droop and poor light extraction still remains. This Ph.D. thesis presents the use of core-shell InGaN/GaN wires as an attractive choice for visible LEDs thanks to their smaller footprint, high aspect ratio and low defect density. The bendable wires also allow fabricating LEDs with flexibility in view of rapidly growing demands for rollable displays, wearable devices, flexible biomedical instruments, etc. This work focuses on a complete study, beginning from the self-assembled growth of m-plane core-shell InGaN/GaN wires by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy to their integration in working devices on flexible substrates, especially on original green-emitting heterostructures. The influence of an InGaN under layer (UL) and GaN-spacer is investigated to improve the efficiency of a blue single quantum well. It is found that the presence of a GaN spacer is required to achieve efficient m-plane emission from core-shell wires, while no internal quantum efficiency change is observed by adding an InGaN UL. Further, flexible LEDs with different wavelengths such as blue, green and dual-color emission have been realized by tuning the indium content inside InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well heterostructures followed by a comprehensive study correlating structural, optical and electrical properties. The use of selective area growth is also approached to address the issues encountered in device emission and remaining challenges in the reproducibility control are discussed. To target white light emission, an optimization study of yellow phosphors combined with the well-established blue LED has also been performed
Zaccheo, Paulo Vicente Contador. "Sistema radicular de adubos verdes em pomar cítrico." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, 2011. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000162552.
Full textGreen manure is a practice that consists in the cultivation of certain plant species; it is also called cover crops, in rotation or intercropped with cash crops. The main aims, of using such plants, are to preserve and/or restore the levels of soil organic matter, cycle nutrients lost through leaching, soil protection against solar radiation, excessive precipitation and erosion. Therefore, the choice of species with great potential for dry matter intake, vigorous and deep root system is essential to maximize these benefits. The objectives of the this study were to evaluate the contribution of dry matter of shoots and roots of three summer cover crops (Crotalaria juncea, finger millet and velvet bean) under two systems of tillage (no tillage and conventional) and to determine the root length density(cm cm-3) and their effective depths, between the lines of citrus orchard. The experiment was conducted between the lines of an orchard of sweet orange trees 'Pêra Rio' (Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck) grafted on Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck), established in 1998, spaced 7x4 m, located in the Farm School of the Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL. Root samples were made with the auger method and the samples were stratified at depths; 0.00 - 0.10, 0.10 - 0.20, 0.20 - 0.30, 0.30 - 0.40, 0.40 - 0.50 and 0.50 - 0.60 m from the soil surface. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and treatments arranged in a factorial 2 x 3 (two tillage systems and three species of cover crops). The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level. The system of tillage does not affect the intake of dry matter (shoots and roots), root length density (cm cm-3) and the effective roots depth of the tested cover crops. Crotalaria juncea resulted in the greatest amount of shoot dry matter. The finger millet has the higher root length density (cm cm-3) in the topsoil and in all soil layers was higher than that of black velvet, while there were no significant differences with Crotalaria juncea. However, there were no difference between the effective root depths of Crotalaria juncea, finger millet and velvet bean. Moreover, growing Crotalaria juncea, finger millet and velvet bean does not change the soil moisture and density after an agricultural season.
Bjork, Andreas. "Characterizing magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetization of magnetite and hematite rich drill-core samples at Blötberget." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-347975.
Full textLaboratorietekniska metoder kan användas som ett komplement till malmgeologi och geofysisk prospektering. I denna metodstudie karaktäriseras apatitjärnmalm från Blötberget, nära Grängesberg. En fyndighet bestående av linsformade malmkroppar rika på magnetit och ofta avskilda men komplexa hematitrika stråk. Studien är gjord 37 prover från totalt 8 borrkärnor, och lokaler som tillhörde produktion från gruvverksamhet under 1900-talet. Mätmetoderna fokuserar på att kartlägga malmens magnetiska egenskaper, och hur temperatur, frekvens, fältstyrka samt riktning påverkar dessa. Resultaten jämfördes med tidigare petrografisk studie av tillhörande tunnslip Resultaten visar att magnetit står för merparten av susceptibiliteten i proverna, men att även hematit kan urskiljas och kvantifieras. Temperaturberoende har påvisats vid övergångar för Verwey-temperatur; -153°C, Curie-temperatur; 580 °C, och Néeltemperatur; 680 °C. Den förväntade Morin-temperaturen vid -14°C, påträffades vid -60 °C eller saknas helt för flera av de hematitrika proverna. Magnetiskt anisotropa prover återfinns bland prover som identifierats som skarn eller hematitrika. Magnetisk granulometri visar karaktär av multidomäntyp med låg magnetisk coercivitet och hög satureringsförmåga. Högtemperaturmätningar av susceptibilitet visar på ren magnetit för prover från Blötberget. Samtidigt visar lågtemperaturemätningar att hematit sannolikt har inblandning av titanium eller bär på ett mer komplext förflutet. Studien visar också att det finns en risk i att enbart förlita sig på bulksusceptibilitet för prover rika på malm.
Beltrán, Suito Rodrigo. "Surprisingly green: copper and its pigments." Revista de Química, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99887.
Full textThe 2012 Ig Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Johan Petterson, a Swedish engineer who discovered that copper was responsible for turning hair green in a little Swedish town. Many green copper compounds used as pigments are present in nature and there are also the hemocyanins, copper-containing proteins found in the blood of some arthropods and mollusks.
Marini, Carolina Barbosa. "Toxicidade e bioacumulação de cobre em micro-organismos fotoautotróficos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2689.
Full textMicroalgal and cyanobacterial cells are widely used in the biomonitoring of metal contaminated areas as well as other pollutant agents, being considered sensitive microorganisms in relation to environmental changes and also used as test-organisms in the regulation of low levels of metals. These photosynthesizing microorganisms are primary producers in the aquatic food chain, and are the first ones to be affected by heavy metal pollution. Copper is a metal usually considered as an essential nutrient for aquatic forms of life, however toxic for some species. In this way, in the present study, the toxic effect of copper ion and its bioaccumulation by photoautotrophic microbes from freshwater phytoplankton: two filamentous cyanobacteria (Anabaena sp. and Oscillatoria sp) and two chlorophyte microalgae Monorraphidium sp. and Scenedesmus sp.). The culture medium used in the tests was the ASM-a medium in absence and contaminated with copper ion (0,6 mg/L to 12 mg Cu2+/L). The toxic effect of copper was monitored through cell count (microalgal cells) and dry weight measurements (cyanobacterial cells), and copper bioaccumulation was evaluated for all the species tested, through determination of the residual metal concentration in solution, by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Results obtained indicated that the toxic effect of the metal was directly proportional to the initial concentration of the ion for all the species tested; however, copper ion was more toxic to cyanobacterial than to microalgal cells. The bioaccumulation of copper was directly related to the toxic effect of the ion over the microorganisms. Results obtained suggest that copper ion has a negative effect on the phytoplankton, inhibiting cell growth and also affecting metabolic parameters such as photosynthesis. The bioaccumulation of the metal can markedly affect the trophic levels in the food chain, thus affecting its transport to higher species
Fornarolli, Donizeti Aparecido. "Herbicidas residuais associados a dessecantes em diferentes coberturas verdes e secas nas culturas de soja e milho." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, 2007. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000129780.
Full textNo-tillage is a technology to contribute to sustainable agriculture. Characterized by no tillage of soil, in this system, desiccant herbicides are commonly applied, promoting straw mulch from various natural species or specific plants like oat, barley, wheat, millet, and sorghum. Desiccant herbicide applications are recommended 10 days before crop planting. Residual herbicide applications are recommended immediately after crop sowing to avoid new weed generation. Therefore, residual herbicides have been applied in tanks mixed with desiccant. The objective is to avoid another application after crop emergence, in the no-tillage system, the straw mulchs probable allopathic effects can influence or interfere with new weed generations, reducing their population density significantly when compared to full tillage systems. The residual herbicides application modality added to desiccants when over fresh plants, depending on the straw mulchs density, may intercept the residual herbicides leaching to the soil and compromise the new weed generation control. On the other hand, depending on seed bank potential and straw mulch kind and density, there may be no weed re-infestation, making the herbicide unnecessary. For a better understanding of those interactions various field experiments and bioassays were carried out in various Brazilian regions, applying residual herbicides such as imazaquin, diclosulam, imazethapyr, chlorimuron, trifluralin in soybean and atrazina, simazina and alachlor in corn crops, associated to desiccants over fresh plantings of oat, wheat, millet and natural vegetation in low and high density. The same residuals were applied in dead straw mulches as well. The results have showed that dead and desiccated straw mulch from oat and millet significantly reduced new grass generation and did not influence the broadleaves. Straw mulch from wheat and natural vegetation showed practically no influence to reduce grass and broadleaf generation. In some experiments there is not any new generation. The fields results and bioassays showed that the residual herbicides had been retained by fresh plants, and not even a 20mm rain simulation was able to make them reach the soil, compromising the control of new generation.The diclosulam herbicides showed the most leaching from fresh plants, but at some points the leached amount wasnt enough to promote resurgence control. All herbicides were leached from the straw mulch after irrigation and had promoted a perfect control of new weed generation. The only burn down and conventional treatment presented infesting resurgences from none to high densities with a variation between none or over 85% in controlling resurgence. In no-tillage systems, the tank mix with residual and desiccants applied over fresh plants showed no confidence to avoid new weed generation. Those results should be taken in conjunction with existing knowledge about the vegetal cover type and conditions to decide the best approach in order to avoid herbicide or energy wastes, increase of environmental contamination and production costs.
Campos, Victor Almeida. "Um estudo do politopo e dos limites inferiores gerados pela formulação de coloração dos representantes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18654.
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The vertex coloring problem is one of the most studied problems in graph theory for its relevance in practical and theoretical fields. From a theoretical point of view, it is a NP-Hard problem. Moreover, it is classified among the most difficult problems of NP- Hard in the sense that finding an approximation to the chromatic number is also NP-Hard. The importance of the coloring problem motivates searching for methods to find lower bounds close to the chromatic number. Historically, the first lower bounds used were obtained from the size of maximal cliques. More recently, relaxed integer programming formulations gained more attention. A formulation which found good lower bounds was the coloring problem through stable sets whose relaxed lower bound equals the fractional chromatic number. In this work, we make a comparison between the known integer programming formulations to motivate our choice for the Representatives formulation. We revise this formulation to remove symmetry and present a partial study of the polytope associated with the convex hull of its integer solutions. We discuss how to se the Representatives formulation to get lower bounds for the fractional chromatic number and we show how to get such lower bounds that differ at most by one unit to its exact value.
O problema de coloração de vértices é considerado um dos modelos mais estudados em teoria dos grafos pela sua relevância em campos práticos e teóricos. Do ponto de vista teórico, o problema de coloração é NP - Difícil. Além disto, foi classificado entre os problemas mais difíceis de NP, no sentido de que achar uma aproximação para o número cromático também é NP - Difícil. A importância do problema de coloração tem incentivado a investigar métodos para encontrar limitantes inferiores próximos do número cromático. Historicamente, os primeiros limitantes inferiores utilizados para resolvê-lo lidavam com cliques maximais. Mais recentemente, popularizou-se a utilização de relaxações lineares de formulações de programação inteira. Uma formulação que mostrou bons limitantes inferiores foi a formulação por conjuntos independentes, cujo valor de relaxação equivale ao número cromático fracionário. No presente trabalho, fazemos uma comparação entre as formulações de programação inteira conhecidas para indicar a escolha pela formulação dos representantes. Revisamos a formulação para remover simetrias existentes e apresentamos um estudo parcial do politopo associado ao fecho convexo de suas soluções inteiras. Discutimos como é possível utilizar a formulação dos representantes para gerar limites inferiores para o número cromático fracionário. Realizamos a implementação de um método de planos de corte para aproximar o número cromático fracionário e mostramos que podemos gerar limitantes inferiores que normalmente não diferem em mais de uma unidade.
Agrebi, Souad Le Maréchal Jean-François Trabelsi-Ayadi Malika. "De la représentation symbolique au langage lors de l'apprentissage de mécanismes en chimie organique dans l'enseignement supérieur." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/agrebi_s.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
Campos, Victor Almeida. "Um estudo do politopo e dos limites inferiores gerados pela formulaÃÃo de coloraÃÃo dos representantes." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2159.
Full textO problema de coloraÃÃo de vÃrtices à considerado um dos modelos mais estudados em teoria dos grafos pela sua relevÃncia em campos prÃticos e teÃricos. Do ponto de vista teÃrico, o problema de coloraÃÃo à NP - DifÃcil. AlÃm disto, foi classificado entre os problemas mais difÃceis de NP, no sentido de que achar uma aproximaÃÃo para o nÃmero cromÃtico tambÃm à NP - DifÃcil. A importÃncia do problema de coloraÃÃo tem incentivado a investigar mÃtodos para encontrar limitantes inferiores prÃximos do nÃmero cromÃtico. Historicamente, os primeiros limitantes inferiores utilizados para resolvÃ-lo lidavam com cliques maximais. Mais recentemente, popularizou-se a utilizaÃÃo de relaxaÃÃes lineares de formulaÃÃes de programaÃÃo inteira. Uma formulaÃÃo que mostrou bons limitantes inferiores foi a formulaÃÃo por conjuntos independentes, cujo valor de relaxaÃÃo equivale ao nÃmero cromÃtico fracionÃrio. No presente trabalho, fazemos uma comparaÃÃo entre as formulaÃÃes de programaÃÃo inteira conhecidas para indicar a escolha pela formulaÃÃo dos representantes. Revisamos a formulaÃÃo para remover simetrias existentes e apresentamos um estudo parcial do politopo associado ao fecho convexo de suas soluÃÃes inteiras. Discutimos como à possÃvel utilizar a formulaÃÃo dos representantes para gerar limites inferiores para o nÃmero cromÃtico fracionÃrio. Realizamos a implementaÃÃo de um mÃtodo de planos de corte para aproximar o nÃmero cromÃtico fracionÃrio e mostramos que podemos gerar limitantes inferiores que normalmente nÃo diferem em mais de uma unidade.
The vertex coloring problem is one of the most studied problems in graph theory for its relevance in practical and theoretical fields. From a theoretical point of view, it is a NP-Hard problem. Moreover, it is classified among the most difficult problems of NP- Hard in the sense that finding an approximation to the chromatic number is also NP-Hard. The importance of the coloring problem motivates searching for methods to find lower bounds close to the chromatic number. Historically, the first lower bounds used were obtained from the size of maximal cliques. More recently, relaxed integer programming formulations gained more attention. A formulation which found good lower bounds was the coloring problem through stable sets whose relaxed lower bound equals the fractional chromatic number. In this work, we make a comparison between the known integer programming formulations to motivate our choice for the Representatives formulation. We revise this formulation to remove symmetry and present a partial study of the polytope associated with the convex hull of its integer solutions. We discuss how to se the Representatives formulation to get lower bounds for the fractional chromatic number and we show how to get such lower bounds that differ at most by one unit to its exact value.
Carvalho, Donato Ribeiro de. "Composição químico-bromatológica da silagem de milho cultivado nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional sob efeito de veranico e da colheita de espigas verdes." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2015. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/429.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Two experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dry spells period on the chemical-bromatologic composition of corn (Zea mays L.) silage and evaluate the chemical-bromatologic composition of corn silage without corn on the cob, collected for marketing as green corn, grown in the till and conventional tillage systems. The characteristics evaluated in both experiments were: dry matter yield, percentage of dry matter and the chemical analysis, the following characteristics were evaluated: pH, crude protein, ether extract, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, crude energy, nitrogen neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen, acid detergent, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber For the first experiment, we used a split-plot, distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. In the plots we evaluated two tillage systems (direct and conventional) and the subplots six periods of dry spells (2.6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 days) and it was found that the increase of Indian summer period affected the chemical-bromatologic composition of silage in both planting systems, however, the no-tillage system reduces the loss of silage chemical-bromatologic composition by water deficit in comparison to conventional tillage. The second experiment, the schedule showed the subdivided parcels, distributed in a randomized block design with eight replications. In the plots we evaluated the two planting systems (direct and conventional) and the plots, plants with and without ears and it was found that the removal of the damaged ear silage chemical-bromatologic composition and best dry matter production rates and chemical-bromatologic composition silage were checked in no-tillage system
Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de período de veranicos sobre a composição químico-bromatológica da silagem de milho (Zea mays L.) e avaliar a composição químico-bromatológica da silagem de milho sem espigas, colhidas para comercialização como milho verde, cultivado nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional. As características avaliadas nos dois experimentos foram produtividade de matéria seca, percentual de matéria seca, e para as análises bromatológicas, foram avaliadas as seguintes características: pH, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, matéria mineral, energia bruta, nitrogênio insolúvel em detergente neutro, nitrogênio insolúvel em detergente ácido, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido. Para o primeiro experimento, utilizou-se esquema de parcelas subdivididas, distribuídas no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Nas parcelas, avaliou-se dois sistemas de plantio (direto e convencional) e nas subparcelas seis períodos de veranicos (2,6, 10, 14, 18 e 22 dias), e verificou-se que o aumento do período de veranico afetou a composição químico-bromatológica da silagem nos dois sistemas de plantio. No entanto, o sistema de plantio direto reduz a perda de composição químico-bromatológica da silagem por déficit hídrico em relação ao plantio convencional. No segundo experimento, o esquema utilizado foi o de parcelas subdivididas, distribuídas no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com oito repetições. Nas parcelas, avaliou-se os dois sistemas de plantio (direto e convencional) e nas subparcelas, plantas com e sem espigas. Constatou-se que a retirada da espiga prejudicou a composição químico-bromatológica da silagem e melhores índices de produção de matéria seca, e de composição químico-bromatológica de silagem foram verificados no sistema de plantio direto
Oliveira, Priscila de. "Consórcio de milho com adubos verdes e manejo da adubação nitrogenada no cultivo de feijão em sucessão no sistema integração lavoura-pecuária no cerrado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-03082010-093810/.
Full textTen experiments were performed involving common beans and maize intercropped with legumes and/or Brachiaria brizantha, in the summer crops of 2008/2009, 2009 winter and summer of 2009/2010 in two municipalities in the Goiás (GO) state, Brazil. In Ipameri- GO, the area was planted with soybeans for several years and corn associated with B. brizantha in crop preceding the experiments. In Santo Antônio de Goiás-GO, the area is maintained with corn or soybean rotation with B. brizantha, in a three-year scheme. The main objectives of these studies were to evaluate the feasibility of intercropping maize with legumes and the response of common bean after it, in no-tillage system, on the mulching straws provided by the cultivation of maize intercropped with forage legumes and grasses and to study the management of nitrogen (N) in these two crops. It was found that in soils with medium to high chemical fertility, such as those used in the experiments, the intercropping of corn and B. brizantha or pigeonpea (Canajus cajan) and sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis) had any influence on grain yield of maize in the presence of mineral N, except in the experiment conducted in Santo Antonio de Goiás-GO, where the sunn hemp significantly reduced corn productivity. Also, in both locations, simultaneous or lagged consortium of pigeonpea or sunn hemp with maize, there was no release of N from legumes to maize, as measured by grain productivity, during the cycle of the species. However, in the consortia in which B. brizantha is maintained without drying between the maize lines, called partial desiccation, there was a significant decrease in the yield of corn in relation to the totally desiccated area. The growth analysis showed higher leaf area index (LAI) and total dry matter accumulation (TDM) for pigeonpea grown in single system, but for sunn hemp cultivated in the corn rows, both LAI and TDM approached to its single cropping, confirming its competitiveness with corn in the intercropping system. Growth curves also showed the superiority of the corn crop with 90 kg N ha-1 in both LAI and TDM, compared to intercropping with legumes. In the case of Santo Antônio de Goiás-GO the three-year rotation involving grain species and grass forages caused an intake of N in the soil, and high yields of beans grown in rotation with pasture were obtained, without the application of mineral N, occurring, though, significant increase in grain yield in the treatments of straws containing legumes. The application of mineral N immediately before sowing or at the seedling stage of beans and corn had a similar effect on their productivity compared to traditional application, a few weeks after the emergence of these species. The application of mineral N was more efficient in increasing the productivity of beans when applied on the soil surface near the plants rows and in cases where the fertilizer was mechanically incorporated into the soil, comparing to surface-broadcasting.
Pina, Joana Catarina Sampaio. "Equity research - Corticeira Amorim, SGPS, S.A. : green bonds – sustainable finance, but not for all." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19337.
Full textEste projecto consiste numa avaliação da Corticeira Amorim, SGPS, S.A., com foco especial em Green Bonds. Este relatório segue as recomendações do CFA Institute e foi desenvolvido de acordo com os padrões do projecto final do Mestrado em Finanças do ISEG. COR é a maior produtora de soluções de cortiça a nível global. A empresa está presente em mais de 100 países e exporta cerca de 95% da sua produção, que inclui rolhas, revestimentos, aglomerados compósitos e isolamento de cortiça. Através do método FCFF foi determinado o valor intrínseco da empresa, obtendo-se um preço-alvo de 10.9€/ação para 2019FA, correspondente a um potencial de crescimento de 21% face à cotação de 31 de Dezembro de 2018 (9.0€/ação). Os métodos DDM e FCFE apoiam a recomendação de COMPRA, com preços-alvo de 10.6€/ação e 10.8€/ação, respetivamente. Dado que existe apenas uma empresa pública comparável (OENEO), a avaliação através de múltiplos não produz resultados que possam ser considerados fiáveis. O presente estudo aborda igualmente a emissão de Green Bonds como potencial fonte de financiamento para a COR. Da nossa análise resulta que, empresas como a COR, com baixo nível de endividamento e líderes de mercado, poderão não beneficiar da emissão deste tipo de instrumento de financiamento. A não existência de projetos de grande dimensão contribui igualmente para a nossa conclusão de que os custos associados à emissão de Green Bonds seriam superiores aos benefícios, no que diz respeito à COR.
This project consists of an Equity Research on Corticeira Amorim, SGPS, S.A., with a special emphasis on Green Bonds as a potential source of funding. This report follows the CFA Institute guidelines and was conducted in accordance with the standards of ISEG's Master in Finance final work project. COR is the world's largest producer of cork products. The company operates in more than 100 markets and exports around 95% of its products, which include Cork Stoppers, Floor & Wall Coverings, Composites and Insulation cork. A FCFF approach was used to estimate COR's intrinsic value, reaching a price target of €10.9/sh for 2019YE with an implied upside of 21% from the December 31st, 2018 closing price of €9.0/sh. The DDM and the FCFE support the BUY recommendation, with price targets of €10.6/sh and €10.8/sh, respectively. As there is only one listed peer, OENEO, the valuation through multiples does not yield accurate results. The study also focus on Green Bonds as a potential financing source for COR. Our analysis suggests that companies like COR, which are low leveraged and operate in a market-leading position, may not benefit from the issuance of Green Bonds. This conclusion, coupled with the lack of large-scale projects within COR, leads us to discourage the use of Green Bonds as a source of funding for this company.
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Falesse, Mireille. "Une analyse de l'entame conversationnelle de communications orales et écrites, sur répondeur téléphonique et Internet." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211034.
Full textMIREILLE FALESSE
ULB - FACULTÉ DE PHILOSOPHIE ET LETTRES - FÉVRIER 2005
La trame de base de l’étude est essentiellement linguistique et la plupart des catégorisations des éléments relevés sont de cet ordre également, l’étude prenant en compte le langage sous son aspect pragmatique dans les limites de la présentation des situations particulières ainsi que du collationnement des données du corpus.
Deux types de messages ont été choisis :des messages oraux laissés par des appelants sur répondeur téléphonique et des messages – provenant de nouveaux utilisateurs – recueillis dans des forums de discussion sur Internet.
L’analyse permet de préciser les souhaits et intentions communicationnels des émetteurs ;d’autre part le relevé des éléments constitutifs du corpus auquel nous avons procédé dans la seconde partie nous a permis d’entrer plus avant dans sa description.
L’énonciation est à l’énoncé ce que le processus de fabrication est à l’objet produit ;l'énoncé est le résultat alors que l'énonciation est l'acte de création du locuteur. C’est cet acte, la procédure de construction du message, les intentions du locuteur, les marques de son intervention en tant que sujet parlant – ses pensées, ses intentions, ses émotions au moment de la « prise de parole » (orale ou écrite) – qui ont fait l’objet de notre propos. Dès lors, les éléments de base du schéma de la communication ont été posés et les particularités de notre corpus explicitées à la suite d’un double choix :celui des outils d’analyse réellement utiles à la démarche et celui des éléments essentiels et nécessaires constitutifs des énoncés retenus et à retenir.
L’énonciation et l’énoncé
Le travail porte sur l’analyse d’un certain type de discours à l’intérieur d’actes de communication sur base d’énoncés, produits d’un acte d'énonciation, qui comportent des marques énonciatives faisant référence à la fois au locuteur et à l'allocutaire.
Il en est tenu compte lors de la description du corpus car les éléments retenus portent non seulement sur la structuration phrastique de l’énoncé mais également sur le sens qui lui est donné ainsi que ses utilisations caractéristiques en fonction des intentions, choix et motivations des destinateurs.
Le sens et le son
La considération du langage sous sa double articulation favorise une analyse appariant les points de vue sémantique et phonologique :le sens et le son.
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Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation linguistique
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Sousa, Laura Raquel Lourenço de. "Estudo da atenuação sonora provocada por coberturas verdes." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83266.
Full textHá vários séculos que a integração de coberturas verdes como solução construtiva é uma realidade. Tal mostra-se uma mais valia, num mundo cada vez mais preocupado com a sustentabilidade. Estas apresentam vários benefícios ambientais, económicos e sociais. De entre os benefícios ambientais têm sido evidenciados o aumento da biodiversidade urbana, o controlo da temperatura urbana (mitigação da ilha de calor), o controlo e gestão de águas pluviais, aumento da produção de oxigénio, o decréscimo da concentração de dióxido de carbono e a diminuição do ruído ambiente. Esta dissertação insere-se num estudo que pretende incorporar aglomerado de cortiça expandida (ICB) para substituição da camada de isolamento térmico e dos elementos de drenagem e retenção de água utilizados nos sistemas de coberturas verdes tradicionais. No presente trabalho, estudou-se o isolamento sonoro a sons de condução aérea conferida por uma cobertura verde com isolamento térmico convencional do tipo XPS e comparou-se com o obtido numa cobertura verde com isolamento de aglomerado de cortiça expandida. Foram realizados ensaios em câmaras acústicas verticais e mediu-se o isolamento sonoro à medida que iam sendo colocadas as várias camadas constituintes da cobertura verde. Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a capacidade de atenuação sonora de ruído ambiente exterior conferida pelo tapete vegetal da cobertura verde. Simulou-se o ambiente exterior numa câmara anecoica, colocando o tapete vegetal numa estrutura elevada acima do pavimento. A atenuação sonora do ruído ambiente será dependente das capacidades de absorção sonora do tapete vegetal. Esta propriedade caraterizou-se através da medição do coeficiente de absorção sonora dos tapetes vegetais numa câmara reverberante.
For several centuries the integration of green roofs as a constructive solution has become a reality. This shows an added value, in a world increasingly concerned with sustainability. These have several environmental, economic and social benefits. Among the environmental benefits, there has been an increase in urban biodiversity, urban temperature control (heat island mitigation), rainwater management and management, increased oxygen production, decreased carbon dioxide concentration and the reduction of ambient noise.This dissertation is part of a study that intends to incorporate expanded cork agglomerate (ICB) to replace the thermal insulation layer and drainage and water retention elements used in traditional green roofing systems. In the present work, was studied the sound insulation to air conduction sounds conferred by a green cover with conventional thermal insulation of type XPS and compared with that obtained in a green cover with expanded cork agglomerate insulation. Tests were performed on vertical acoustic chambers and the sound insulation was measured as the various constituent layers of the green roof were placed. In addition, the sound attenuation capacity of external ambient noise was assessed by the green roof carpet. The outdoor environment was simulated in an anechoic chamber, placing the vegetable mat in a raised structure above the pavement. Sound attenuation of ambient noise will be dependent on the sound absorption capabilities of the vegetable carpet. This property was characterized by measuring the sound absorption coefficient of the plant carpets in a reverberant chamber.
Outro - A presente dissertação teve o apoio do Portugal 2020 através do Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização no âmbito dos projetos “GreenUrbanLiving (POCI-01- 0247-FEDER-003393)” e “Concepção e caracterização de coberturas verdes e fachadas vivas construídas com sistemas estruturados em cortiça natural expandida (POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 016852 e PTDC/ECM-COM/5251/2014)”.
Oliveira, Juliana Buse de. "Os verdes de cobre sintéticos em documentos gráficos dos séculos XII-XVIII: história e caracterização molecular." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/81723.
Full text"Institucionalização e relações sociais na atenção a saude em um assentamento rural : o caso do Horto Vergel." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2005. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000361796.
Full textCortês, Andreia Sofia Borges. "Design and development of an innovative green vertical system." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/95296.
Full textUrban centres are facing several challenges resulting from their quick expansion and from climate change. As a consequence, some areas have been experiencing flash floods, degradation of air quality, and an increase in temperatures. Buildings also represent a high burden in terms of greenhouse gas emission and energy consumption. It is therefore extremely important to invest in finding solutions that could help to mitigate the effects of some of these problems. In this context, the European Commission has encouraged countries and regions to adopt nature-based solutions, particularly green vertical systems (GVSs), that can improve daily living and environmental conditions. Green vertical systems are construction solutions that use vegetation to cover a building surface. The benefits that have been attributed to them include an improvement in buildings’ thermal insulation, the mitigation of the urban heat island effect, better air quality, the restoration of urban biodiversity, and the support of rainwater management. However, several questions have also been raised concerning the sustainability of these solutions. The use of materials with high environmental burdens and the high irrigation and maintenance needs of such systems are being pointed out as key aspects. Additionally, the design and implementation of GVSs can be much more complex than other green infrastructure since the plants and/or growing media must be fixed to a vertical surface. The main goal of this research work was to design and develop an innovative green vertical system, with improved environmental performance over its life-cycle. The expanded cork agglomerate was the main material. Thermal insulation and water retention are two of the characteristics recognized in this natural material that turned it into a suitable option. Tests were initially performed to quantify the water retention capacity and drainage capability of the insulation cork boards (ICB). The results showed that the material allows a suitable moistening and a good retention capacity, and at the same time it can quickly drain the excess water. A new ICB module was then designed, based on a set of environmental and functional aspects discussed beforehand. The ICB modules then underwent a series of mechanical tests to evaluate the behaviour of the proposed solution in wet conditions and after wetting-drying cycles. These experiments also intended to help to choose the most suitable material density to use in the new GVS. The results showed that the medium density ICB modules (140–160 kg/m3) fully meet the environmental and functional requirements, and are therefore an appropriate choice. Afterwards, a real-scale prototype was built, consisting of four façades (facing north, south, east, and west) and two plant species (Thymus pulegioides and Festuca glauca) were selected for the system. The prototypes were monitored for one year to check the coverage area, carbon sequestration capacity, and thermal behaviour. The results showed that the system and the plant species performed well. The overall environmental profile of the system was evaluated through a life-cycle study and it was found that the new modular living wall can be an eco-friendly choice, contributing especially to mitigate global warming.
Os centros urbanos enfrentam diversos desafios decorrentes da sua rápida expansão e das alterações climáticas. Como resultado, algumas destas áreas têm vindo a deparar-se com inundações repentinas, uma degradação da qualidade do ar e um aumento da temperatura. Os edifícios representam também uma grande preocupação pelas elevadas emissões de gases com efeito de estufa e pelo elevado consumo energético. Considerando todos estes aspetos, torna-se extremamente importante investir na procura de soluções que possam ajudar a mitigar alguns dos efeitos destes problemas. Neste contexto, a Comissão Europeia tem vindo a incentivar países e regiões a adotarem soluções baseadas na natureza, nomeadamente as fachadas verdes, que têm a capacidade de melhorar a qualidade de vida das populações e as condições ambientais. As fachadas verdes são soluções construtivas que utilizam a vegetação para recobrir a fachada de um edifício. Os benefícios que lhes têm sido atribuídos incluem uma melhoria do isolamento térmico dos edifícios, a mitigação do efeito ilha de calor urbana, uma melhoria da qualidade do ar, a recuperação da biodiversidade urbana e o apoio à gestão das águas pluviais. No entanto, várias questões têm também surgido em relação à sustentabilidade destas soluções. A utilização de materiais com elevados impactes ambientais e as elevadas necessidades de irrigação e manutenção têm vindo a ser apontados como aspetos importantes. Além disso, a conceção e a implementação das fachadas verdes podem também tornar-se tarefas muito complexas quando comparadas com as de outras infraestruturas verdes uma vez que, no caso das fachadas verdes as plantas e/ou os meios de cultivo têm de ser fixados numa superfície vertical. O objetivo principal deste trabalho de investigação foi conceber e desenvolver uma solução de fachada verde inovadora com um melhor desempenho ambiental ao longo do seu ciclo de vida. Para tal, foi utilizado como material principal o aglomerado de cortiça expandida. A capacidade de isolamento térmico e de retenção de água são duas das características reconhecidas a este material natural que o tornaram numa opção adequada. Inicialmente foram realizados testes para quantificar a capacidade de retenção de água e de drenagem das placas de aglomerado de cortiça expandida (ICB). Os resultados mostraram que o material permite um adequado humedecimento e uma boa retenção, demonstrando simultaneamente a capacidade de escoar de forma rápida o excesso de água. A conceção de um novo módulo de ICB foi, então, realizada com base num conjunto de aspetos ambientais e funcionais discutidos anteriormente. Os módulos de ICB foram posteriormente submetidos a uma série de testes mecânicos para avaliar o comportamento da solução proposta em condições húmidas e após os ciclos de humedecimento-secagem. Esta campanha experimental teve também como objetivo ajudar na escolha da densidade do material mais adequada para usar no novo sistema de fachada verde. Os resultados mostraram que os módulos de ICB de média densidade (140–160 kg/m3) cumprem totalmente os requisitos ambientais e funcionais, mostrando-se uma escolha adequada. Posteriormente, foi construído um protótipo em escala real constituído por quatro fachadas (orientadas a norte, sul, este e oeste) e foram selecionadas duas espécies de plantas (Thymus pulegioides e Festuca glauca) para integrarem o sistema. Os protótipos foram monitorizados durante um ano em termos da área de cobertura, do sequestro de carbono e do comportamento térmico. Os resultados revelaram um bom desempenho do sistema e das espécies vegetativas selecionadas. O perfil ambiental e global do sistema foi avaliado por meio de um estudo de ciclo de vida. Os resultados mostraram que a nova fachada verde pode ser uma escolha ecologicamente correta, contribuindo principalmente para mitigar o aquecimento global.