Academic literature on the topic 'Coraux – Croissance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Coraux – Croissance"
Cabioch, Guy, Stéphane Calmant, Robert Pillet, Bernard Pelletier, Marc Régnier, and Pierre Lebellegard. "Apports de la croissance des coraux à l'étude sismo-tectonique de Futuna (territoire de Wallis et Futuna, Pacifique Sud-Ouest)." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 329, no. 6 (September 1999): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(00)80067-1.
Full textVacher, Luc. "La récente et spectaculaire croissance des investissements dans la région touristique de la Grande Barrière de Corail." Cahiers d'outre-mer 47, no. 188 (1994): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.1994.3533.
Full textGordon, Jr., Donald C., and Ellen L. R. Kenchington. "DEEP-WATER CORALS IN ATLANTIC CANADA: A REVIEW OF DFO RESEARCH (2001-2003)." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 44, no. 1 (April 19, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v44i1.3881.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Coraux – Croissance"
Chapron, Leila. "Response of cold-water corals to global change in the Mediterranean Sea : from the molecular to the reef scale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS590.
Full textScleractinian cold-water corals such as Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata, two cosmopolitan engineer species, are important frame-builders that provide ecological niches and nurseries for associated fauna. However, a detailed knowledge of their biology and ecology is still lacking. Such knowledge is important as these corals are threatened by pollution and climate change, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. Experimental in situ studies from this PhD first revealed that the two coral species did not have the same environmental preferences, with M. oculata favoring shallower habitats while L. pertusa did not show marked preferences. Hydrological conditions influenced their growth patterns probably by modulating the quantity and quality of food available in the deep, and by influencing sedimentation rates. Analyses in controlled conditions then showed that L. pertusa’s microbiome and metabolic pathways can change rapidly. However, the temperature increase will reduce L. pertusa’s skeletal growth and energy storage. Madrepora oculata’s skeletal growth and microbiome did not change with temperature increase but their energy storage decreased. Finally, our work showed that exposure to both macro- and microplastics limited L. pertusa’s growth by reducing access to food in one case and by inducing higher energy costs for plastic egestion in the other, while M. oculata did not appear affected to plastic exposure. In conclusion, in the deep Mediterranean Sea where water temperature may increase by 1.5°C during this century, and where plastics accumulate, the composition of coral communities is expected to change, which will have a direct impact on the reef associated fauna
Chemel, Mathilde. "Effect of the temperature on cold-water coral holobiont in the North-East Atlantic Ocean." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS592.
Full textCold-water corals such as Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata, two key reef-forming species distributed worldwide, form extensive reefs providing highly valuable habitats for diverse biological communities. They are particularly threatened by increasing temperature, as models predict that temperature would further increase by up to 3 °C in the Atlantic Ocean before the end of the century. Recent work has characterised the cold-water coral ecology and has shown degraded health status both in response to lower and increased temperatures in different scleractinian species. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of their thermal response, including the response at the holobiont level (i.e. the coral host and its associated microbiome), is still poorly known. Understanding the response of cold-water corals to ocean warming using integrative approach is of paramount importance to evaluate their resilience to future water temperatures. The goal of this thesis was firstly to describe the in situ dynamics of the holobiont from L. pertusa and M. oculata in a canyon of the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic Ocean) to determine potential differences between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations at the growth and microbiome levels. The average polyp linear growth measured for L. pertusa was 2.4 ± 1.6 mm yr−1, which fall in the lower range compared to previous estimations. Mortality and breakage were total in M. oculata could not allow characterization of growth. Concurrently, the microbial community determination showed that L. pertusa microbiome was versatile between the two regions with high variability within canyons, while M. oculata exhibited stable microbiome across the different regions, with strong association with some bacteria. Secondly, the reproductive biology of those two species in the Mediterranean Sea was also investigated to determine potential seasonal differences with the Atlantic population. The gametogenic cycle suggests a seasonal spawning of L. pertusa in autumn to early winter, corresponding to the formation of storm-induced deep-sea water plumes, while M. oculata shows continuous reproduction, with reproductive features of a species less opportunistic than L. pertusa. The second general objective was to forecast the response of the most sensitive species, L. pertusa, to temperature changes by determining the underlying molecular mechanisms of its thermal response at the holobiont level, using measurement of physiological parameters (survival, growth, nutrition and gene expression) and microbiome response. During a two-months aquaria experiment, we showed that at a +3 and +5 °C temperature increase, L. pertusa from the NE Atlantic Ocean exhibited a modification of its microbiome concomitantly to a large mortality. A metagenomic approach reveals the presence of genes markers for virulence factors suggesting that the death of the corals was due to infections by pathogenic bacteria. In a second experiment, conducted on longer term, we showed that while a 4 °C lower temperature did not affect L. pertusa physiology and microbiome, a 4 °C increase in temperature led to massive mortality. This mortality seems to be associated to a high level of stress in the coral, as attested by the upregulation of number of genes related to immune, inflammatory and antioxidant responses, cell death and apoptosis, DNA repair and maintenance, but also the shift in coral bacterial community towards pathogens and opportunistic bacteria. Our work showed that although living in close association, L. pertusa and M. oculata exhibit distinct living strategies, including growth pattern, microbiome and reproductive biology, but also strong differences among populations. Our results from aquaria experiment suggest however that NE Atlantic L. pertusa are as sensitive to warming as other populations and it appears that all L. pertusa, independently of the region they come from will be strongly impacted by an increase of +3 °C
Oudina, Karim. "Contributions à la compréhension du mécanisme de formation osseuse par des cellules souches dans un modèle ectopique murin." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC219.
Full textBone tissue engineering couples osteocompetent stem tells to an osteoconductive biomaterial in order to repair bone lesions. Despite proof of concept of the therapeutic interest of this association, tissue engineering constructs (TEC) have proven to be less effective than bone autograft. Cell component may be a limiting factor due to either premature death of transplanted tells or poor inherent osteogenic potential. This thesis is a contribution to the understanding of the role of the cellular component in the efficacy of TEC: one technologie part aiming to validate bioluminescence imaging to in vivo tracking of tell fate and one cognitive part which objective is to contribute to elucidate the fate and the role of human induced-pluripotent stem tells (h-iPSCm) within the context of bone tissue engineering. In a first part, we explored the possibility of using in vivo bioluminescence to track murine luciferase-transduced tells seeded either on calcium carbonate materials or on acrylonitrile-sodium-methallyl-sulfonate polymer. The photon flux emitted by the implanted tells revealed to be proportional to the number living tells, which permitted non-destructive tell quantification in vivo. In a second part, we evaluated the osteogenic potential of h-iPSCm and their derived-cells (MSC_h-iPSCm). Although MSC_h-iPSCm were not capable of bone differentiation in vitro or osteogenesis in vivo, h-iPSCm differentiated in bone tells in vitro and induced bone tissue formation in vivo, despite premature mortality. In vitro studies based on h-iPSCm conditioned-media analysis suggested that they were active through a paracrine way by secreting BMP-2, among other factors
Zapalski, Mikołaj K. "Tabulata (Anthozoa) from the Devonian of the southern region of the Holy Cross Mts. (Poland)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10027.
Full textGivetian and Frasnian tabulate corals from the southem region of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) consist of 52 species (Favositida: 40 species, Syringoporida: 6 species, and Auloporida: 6 species). Two genera [Lefeldolites gen. n. (Favositida) and Sapounofouskilites gen. n. (Syringoporida)], and five species are new (Striatopora sc~uricauda sp. n., ? Lefeldolites obtortiformis sp. n., Crassialveolites oliveri sp. n., Roseoporella kesickii sp. n., and Aulopora slosarskii sp. n.). Study of the intracolonial variation in tabulates shows that minimal and maximal lumen diameters and pore diameter are the most useful in the taxonomy of Alveolitidae and Coenitidae, while the double wall thickness and tabulae spacing are less usefuI. Moreover, alveolitids and coenitids show overall higher intracolonial variation than, for example, heliolitids. Study of growth dynamics in neighbouring corallites, performed on three species of the genus Alveolites, shO\ that the growth dynamics were diferent in each individual in the same colony. This contradicts the situation known from representatives of favositids. Study oftabulate endobionts (?Chaetosalpinx plusquelleci sp. n., Helicosalpinx cf. asturiana Oekentorp and H sp) shows that these were rather parasites oftabulate corals than their c0Ill!Densals. Analysis of the palaeobiogeographical relations of the tabulate faunas from the Givetian and Frasnian of the discussed region show that these faunas were most similar to coeval faunas known from the Ardennes. Both Givetian and Frasnian tabulate faunas from the region under study are dominated by alveolitids; such a situation is different from tabulate fauna of the Ardennes, where the Givetian assemblage is dominated by pachyporids
Castellani, Valérie. "Étude des mécanismes moléculaires de spécification des connexions corticales interlaminaires." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T030.
Full textMeissirel, Claire. "Contribution de l'élimination sélective à la mise en place des connexions corticales au cours du développement." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T010.
Full textMilh, Mathieu. "Activités électrophysiologiques précoces du cortex sensorimoteur : aspects physiologiques et pathologiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20713.
Full textLecointre, Maryline. "Evolution des transmissions glutamatergiques dans le cortex au cours du développement chez la souris : impact d'un anesthésique, la kétamine, sur le développement du R-NMDA." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUES044.
Full textGlutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Glutamatergic transmission plays an important role in CNS development, including migration, differentiation and synaptic plasticity. Physiological activation of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) is particularly involved in the developmental effects of glutamate. Therefore, a blocking or excessive activation of NMDA-R affects the cerebral development and particularly leads to cell death in neonate cortex. NMDA-R is a heterotetrameric ionotropic receptor, permeable to cations, widely expressed in the CNS and composed of different subunits (GluN1, GluN2A-D, GluN3A-B). In the cortex, it is composed of two obligatory GluN1 subunits which link the co-agonist, glycine or D -serine, mainly associated with GluN2A and/or GluN2B subunits which bind glutamate. GluN2 subunit composition of NMDA-R gives distinct pharmacological and electrophysiological properties. Moreover, GluN2A-containing NMDA-R are involved in cell survival and those containing GluN2B are involved in cell death. PDZ proteins, member of membrane-associated guanylate kinase family (MAGUK), including PSD95 (postsynaptic density 95) and SAP102 (synapse associated protein 102) interact with NMDA-R and play an important role in their membrane stabilization. Recently, it has been shown that GluN2A/PSD95 association played a role in synaptic maturation. Pharmacological agents used for anesthesia, such as ketamine, act as NMDA-R antagonists. This anesthetic with many clinical advantages (low impact on respiratory and cardiac functions) is used in pediatrics in order to sedate during short duration medical procedures. However, several experimental studies discussed the safety of the use of ketamine. Indeed, ketamine administration causes an increase in apoptotic cell death in the cerebral cortex of newborn mice. Moreover, a recent laboratory study showed, ex vivo, in the cortex of mice aged 2 days, that ketamine induced different effects on cell survival depending on cortical layers considered. In a first study, we conducted a comparative study of the effects of ketamine administration in vivo, in newborn mice (40 mg / kg sc), depending on the age at which this anesthetic was injected (postnatal days 2, 5 or 10). In the short term, we measured the ketamine effect on the cortical NMDA-R postnatal development and its association with MAGUK. In the long term, we evaluated the impact of ketamine administered at different postnatal ages, on motor activity measured in adulthood in two different contexts. Twenty-four hours after ketamine injection, GluN2B and GluN2A protein expression was decreased when the treatment was carried out at P5 and P10 respectively. After immunoprecipitation of scaffolding PSD95 protein, western blot revelation indicated that regardless of the age treatment, ketamine caused a reduction of the association of GluN2A subunit to PSD95, while the complex GluN2B/PSD95 was increased only when the treatment was performed at P5. At this stage, the disruption of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits expression was associated with a decrease in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and an increase in nNOS association with GluN2B/PSD95 protein complex. All these results therefore indicate that ketamine alter the developmental profile of NMDA-R subunits, suggesting a delay in synaptic maturation. In addition, at P5, ketamine treatment has functional impacts on intracellular signaling cascades. Laser microdissection on control mice cortex revealed a heterogeneous distribution of NMDA-R subunits between immature superficial cortical layers (I-IV ) and the mature deep cortical layers (V-VI). Ketamine disrupted this profile by decreasing GluN2A subunit expression in the superficial layers in P5-treated mice and increasing GluN1, GluN2A and GluN2B subunits in the deep layers when the treatment was performed at P10. In the long term, ketamine administration at P2 or P10 caused hyperlocomotion in an open field in adult males, with no effect in adult females. The measurement of voluntary motor activity during 72 h in a running-wheel placed in a life cage, revealed alterations in adulthood induced by ketamine administered in the perinatal period, dependent on age and sex. In conclusion of this first part of the thesis, a single injection of ketamine, whatever the age of treatment in the perinatal period, resulted in changes in the NMDA-R developmental profile in the short-term and alterations in motor activity persisting in adulthood. Despite the progress of obstetrics and neonatal reanimation, brain injury in newborns remain frequent (2 to 2. 5 children per 1000 births). They form the first cause of death or disability acquired in the perinatal period. Many risk factors are identified, such as prematurity, hypoxo-ischemic injuries, fetal-placental infections, hormonal deficiencies and toxic factors (alcohol, drugs). Excessive activation of glutamatergic transmission is frequently the cause of perinatally acquired lesions. Excess of glutamate leads to overactivation of its receptors including NMDA-R, leading to cell death by apoptosis and/or necrosis. The proximity of brain microvessels with neural cells and the presence of functional NMDA-R on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) suggest a particular influence of BMEC on cortical neurons during excitotoxic stress. Synaptic glutamate concentrations are regulated by ATP-dependent transporters, present in the membrane of glial cells and neurons. Five transporters subtypes are known (excitatory amino acid transporters; EAAT): EAAT1 and -2 are primarily expressed by astrocytes and EAAT3 and -4 are preferentialy expressed by neurons. Recently, it has been shown that EAAT1, -2 and -3 were also expressed by adult vascular endothelial cells, suggesting a role of endothelium in the control of extracellular glutamate concentrations. However, a recent laboratory study showed differences in glutamate sensibility between neonatal and adult murine BMEC. In a second study, we studied the expression of EAAT1, -2 and -3 in cortical microvessels of newborn and adult mice, as well as efficiency of glutamate uptake by BMEC. We showed that EAAT1, -2 and -3 expression in brain endothelium was greater in adults than in neonates, as well as the efficiency of glutamate uptake by BEMC. In conclusion of this second part of the thesis, this study indicates that there is a regulation of extracellular glutamate by endothelial cells and this control depends on the age. Low expression of EAAT in immature vascular endothelium could contribute to a particular sensitivity of newborn brain during excitotoxic stress in mice. In conclusion, this thesis contributed to characterize the specificity of glutamatergic transmission in the immature brain. Our results play in favor of special consideration of molecules interacting with glutamatergic transmission such as anesthetics in the perinatal period
Bellion, Arnaud. "Régionalisation du cortex cérébral et mode de migration des interneurones corticaux." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066390.
Full textDimidschstein, Jordane. "Ephrin-B1 controls the spatial distribution of cortical pyramidal neurons by restricting their tangential migration." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209658.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Books on the topic "Coraux – Croissance"
Uchimura, Masayuki. Etude de la croissance par sclérochronologie de coraux massifs (Porites lutea) d'un récif frangeant de Mayotte: Rapport de stage : diplôme d'études approfondies (D.E.A) "science de l'environnement marin", option "bioscience", sous option "océanologie biologique", septembre 1992. [Marseille, France]: Université d'Aix-Marseille II, Centre d'océanologie de Marseille, Station marine d'Endoume-Luminy, 1992.
Find full text1925-, Altman Joseph, ed. Neocortical development. New York: Raven Press, 1991.
Find full textNATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Changing Visual System: From Early to Late Stages of Life--Maturation and Aging in the Central Nervous System (1991 San Martino al Cimino, Italy). The changing visual system: Maturation and aging in the central nervous system. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.
Find full textTakao, Kumazawa, Kruger Lawrence, and Mizumura Kazue, eds. The polymodal receptor: A gateway to pathological pain. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.
Find full textDevelopment of the cerebral cortex. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1995.
Find full textDevelopment of the Cerebral Cortex. John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
Find full textCortical Development: Genes and Genetic Abnormalities (Novartis Foundation Symposia). Wiley-Interscience, 2008.
Find full text(Editor), P. Bagnoli, and W. Hodos (Editor), eds. The Changing Visual System: Maturation and Aging in the Central Nervous System (Nato Science Series: A:). Springer, 1992.
Find full text(Editor), T. Kumazawa, L. Kruger (Editor), and K. Mizumura (Editor), eds. The Polymodal Receptor - A Gateway to Pathological Pain (Progress in Brain Research). Elsevier Science, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Coraux – Croissance"
Bessat, Frédéric. "Chapitre 2. Croissance corallienne et contrôle de l’environnement." In La mémoire des coraux, 41–56. Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.psorbonne.36876.
Full textCárdenas, Janina Di Pierro, and Renata De Rugeriis Juárez. "Inteligencia artificial y SoftPower de la traducción asistida y automática: perspectivas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de idiomas." In Traduction automatique et usages sociaux des langues. Quelle conséquences pour la diversité linguistique ?, 83–99. Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oep.beacc.2021.01.0083.
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