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Journal articles on the topic 'Coquimbo (Chile : Region)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

OJANGUREN-AFFILASTRO, ANDRÉS A., PABLO AGUSTO, JAIME PIZARRO-ARAYA, and CAMILO I. MATTONI. "Two new scorpion species of genus Brachistosternus (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae) from northern Chile." Zootaxa 1623, no. 1 (October 26, 2007): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1623.1.4.

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Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) cepedai n. sp. and Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) coquimbo n. sp. are described from Coquimbo region, in northern Chile. Brachistosternus cepedai n. sp. occurs in coastal dunes and is closely related to Brachistosternus (L.) sciosciae Ojanguren-Affilastro, 2002. On the other hand, Brachistosternus coquimbo n. sp occurs at high altitudes in the Andes mountain chain and is related to Brachistosternus (L.) montanus Roig Alsina, 1977, and to several Andean species from Argentina and Chile. Adaptative characters of the psammophilous Br. (L.) cepedai n. sp. are discussed. 39 scorpion species are now known from Chile, ten of them occur in the Coquimbo Region, being the region with the more diverse scorpion fauna in the country.

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Coenraads, Robert R., and Claudio Canut de Bon. "Lapis Lazuli from the Coquimbo Region, Chile." Gems & Gemology 36, no. 1 (April 1, 2000): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5741/gems.36.1.28.

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3

Carvajal, Mariom A., Fernando Téllez, and Eduardo I. Faúndez. "A new record of Steatoda porteri (Simon, 1900) (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Chile." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 48, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.48.3.22.20.

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Steatoda porteri (Simon, 1900) was described from Atacama Region, Chile; later recorded for Coquimbo Region. The first record after more than 50 years, from the Araucanía Region, is reported in this work. A more detailed description of the female genitalia is provided. The disjunct records are discussed, and it is hypothesized that it might be present along the distribution range established here.

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4

Bacigalupo Bacigalupo, Antonella, Catalina Muñoz-San Martín, Diego Valenzuela Caiceo, Esteban Yefi-Quinteros, Juana Paola Correa Galaz, and Pedro Cattan Ayala. "Trypanosoma cruzi infection in peridomestic reservoirs from Coquimbo Region, Chile." Medwave 16, Suppl6 (November 30, 2016): 6653. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2016.6653.

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5

Montecinos, S., J. R. Gutiérrez, F. López-Cortés, and D. López. "Climatic characteristics of the semi-arid Coquimbo Region in Chile." Journal of Arid Environments 126 (March 2016): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.018.

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6

CAMPODONICO, JUAN F. "New genus and species of brachypterous planthopper of the tribe Elicini (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Tropiduchidae) from Chile." Zootaxa 4413, no. 3 (April 23, 2018): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4413.3.12.

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Selamorpha variegata gen. et sp. nov. is described from Coquimbo Region, Chile. It is characterized by the body dorsally saddle-shaped, brachypterous, tegmina with moderate reticulation, metope elongate, and terga caudally elevated. The new taxon is the second genus of Elicini in Chile and the third of South America. It was found associated with Calceolaria polifolia Hook. (Calceolariaceae).

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Barraza, Francisco, Fabrice Lambert, Shelley MacDonell, Kate Sinclair, Francisco Fernandoy, and Héctor Jorquera. "Major atmospheric particulate matter sources for glaciers in Coquimbo Region, Chile." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 27 (March 12, 2021): 36817–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12933-7.

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Alfaro, Fermín M., Jaime Pizarro-Araya, and Gustavo E. Flores. "Epigean Tenebrionids (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from the Choros Archipelago (Coquimbo Region, Chile)." Entomological News 120, no. 2 (April 2009): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3157/021.120.0201.

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9

VIVALLO, FELIPE. "Notes on the bee genus Alloscirtetica Holmberg, 1909 in northern Chile with the description of two new altiplanic species and a key for the Chilean species of Eucerini (Hymenoptera: Apidae)." Zootaxa 2010, no. 1 (February 13, 2009): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2010.1.2.

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In this paper two new species of the bee genus Alloscirtetica collected in the altiplanic region of northern Chile are described. The species Alloscirtetica larocai Urban, from Rivadavia, Region of Coquimbo is proposed as new junior synonym of A. lanosa Urban. The Peruvian species A. weyrauchi is reported from northern Chile for the first time extendingits known distributional range southward. A compilation of the distributional and floral records of the Chilean species of Eucerini is given, including a key for the indentification of all the species of the tribe occurring in Chile.

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10

Larraín, P. S., C. F. Salas, A. C. Jana, and S. F. Graña. "MAJOR ARTICHOKE PESTS (CYNARA CARDUNCULUS SUB. SCOLYMUS L.) IN COQUIMBO REGION, CHILE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 983 (April 2013): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2013.983.42.

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11

Mora, Freddy, Sandra Perret, Carlos Scapim, Elías Martins, and María Molina. "Source-dependent blooming variability of Eucalyptus cladocalyx in the Region of Coquimbo, Chile." Ciencia e Investigación Agraria 34, no. 2 (August 5, 2007): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rcia.v34i2.391.

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12

Goetz, Sabine, Matthias Wolff, Wolfgang Stotz, and Mario J. Villegas. "Interactions between the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) and the artisanal fishery off Coquimbo, northern Chile." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 9 (September 22, 2008): 1739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn152.

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Abstract Goetz, S., Wolff, M., Stotz, W., and Villegas, M. J. 2008. Interactions between the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) and the artisanal fishery off Coquimbo, northern Chile. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1739–1746. The South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) forages in coastal waters, where it interacts with fisheries and causes considerable economic loss by removing some catch and damaging gear. This study describes for the fishery region of Coquimbo (Chile) where, when, and with what type of gear interactions occur, characterizes the animals involved (group size, sex, and age), and derives some management recommendations. The study was based on 55 interviews with fishers and observations aboard fishing vessels in the main fishing sectors between October 2003 and March 2004. Interactions were primarily at night (88% of interviewees fished at night), in the bay (“Bahía”) of Coquimbo (81% of interviewees fished in this sector), where shoaling fish were abundant, and with purse-seines (100% of interviewees used this gear). Although some large groups of sea lions were seen, most comprised 1–10 animals. Most animals that interacted with the fishing gear were males (67%), probably because of the different feeding strategies of the two sexes. Management options discussed include the adjustment of fisheries to foraging behaviour of sea lions, and the controlled elimination of conflicting animals.

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De los Ríos, Patricio, Jaime Pizarro-Araya, Fermín M. Alfaro, and Carlos Zuleta. "First descriptions of aquatic crustaceans in coastal plains in northern Chile (Huentelauquen, 31°S, Coquimbo Region, Chile)." Crustaceana 92, no. 1 (2019): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003825.

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Abstract The crustacean communities in Chilean seasonal pools have been poorly studied, and much of the existing literature is restricted to southern Patagonian plains, whereas there are no studies available about other sites. The aim of the present study is to describe the aquatic crustaceans in shallow pools in Huentelauquén (31°S, central northern Chile). The species reported upon include Daphnia ambigua, Simocephalus serrulatus, Boeckella gracilipes, Ostracoda, and two unidentified clam shrimps (genera Lynceus and Leptestheria), which latter ones represent the first record of these taxa for Chile. The ecological results revealed low species numbers and non-structured patterns in the various species associations. The exposed results are markedly different from observations on other Chilean seasonal pools, where no clam shrimps can be found, and where primarily cladocerans, copepods, and amphipods occur in the crustacean communities.

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14

Muñoz, Eduardo Antonio Jaime. "Geographical relations and cultural practices between goat-keepers and fauna predators in the Region of Coquimbo (Chile)." Huellas 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/huellas-2017-2110.

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15

Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, Fermín M. Alfaro, Rodrigo A. Muñoz-Rivera, Juan E. Barriga-Tuñón, and Luis Letelier. "Arthropods of forestry and medical-veterinary importance in the Limarí basin (Coquimbo region, Chile)." Ciencia e investigación agraria 46, no. 1 (2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rcia.v46i1.1907.

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Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, Fermín M. Alfaro, Rodrigo A. Muñoz-Rivera, Juan E. Barriga-Tuñon, and Luis Letelier. "Arthropods of the Limarí River basin (Coquimbo Region, Chile): taxonomic composition in agricultural ecosystems." Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo 53, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.023.

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The Limarí valley, located in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, is an important agricultural area that is immersed in the transverse valleys of the Norte Chico. In recent decades, the continuous expansion of agriculture towards dry land zones has favored the migration and establishment of potential pests, such as arthropods, that may affect crops or be zoonotic agents. Based on the limited knowledge we have about the arthropod group present in the Limarí basin, our objective is to describe the taxonomic composition of the assemblage of economically important arthropods inhabiting this basin of the semiarid region of Chile. After reviewing historical data, specimen collections, and the specialized literature, a total of 414 arthropod species were recorded. Of the total number of species recorded, 92.5% were insects, the most diverse taxon, with 11 orders. Arachnids, in turn, were represented only by Acari with 31 species. The most widely represented orders of insects were Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. Within Coleoptera the most species-rich families were, in decreasing order of importance, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae, Cerambycidae, Scarabaeidae, Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae), Ptinidae, and Bostrichidae; within Hemiptera these were Aphididae, Diaspididae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Pentatomidae and Rhopalidae; and within Lepidoptera they were Noctuidae and Tortricidae. We hope this study serves as a starting point for identifying the most diverse arthropod groups and developing pest monitoring and control programs. Highlights: A large percentage of phytophagous species, mainly belonging to Acari, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were registered in the Limarí basin. Some families of agricultural importance (Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Margarodidae, Pseudococcidae), were observed in large agricultural crops in the basin (e.g., vines, oranges, mandarins, lemon trees, avocado trees, walnuts, olive trees, vegetable crops). A smaller fraction corresponded to the group of predators and parasitoids, mainly represented by Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Neuroptera (Chrysopidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae, Encyrtidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Signiphoridae). The richness and spatial records of arthropods were mostly concentrated between the city of Ovalle and the estuary of Punitaqui - the areas with most intense agricultural activity in the Limarí basin.

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17

Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, Sarah Cleaveland, Andrew A. Cunningham, Barend M. deC Bronsvoort, and Philip S. Craig. "Echinococcus granulosus infection in humans and livestock in the Coquimbo region, north-central Chile." Veterinary Parasitology 169, no. 1-2 (April 2010): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.009.

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18

GARCÍA, NICOLÁS, PATRICIO MEDINA, and VANEZZA MORALES. "Haplopappus mieresii sp. nov. (Asteraceae) and the reinstatement of H. reicheanus from central Chile." Phytotaxa 376, no. 2 (November 16, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.376.2.4.

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A new species of Haplopappus (Asteraceae), H. mieresii P. Medina & Nic. García, from the Coquimbo Region, Chile, is described and illustrated. Additionally, the reinstatement of H. reicheanus H. M. Hall is proposed in agreement with the exhaustive revision of type material and protologues, as well as the study of herbarium specimens. We provide distributional maps, illustrations, conservation assessments, and taxonomic notes for both species, and a key to the species most allied to H. mieresii within H. section Haplopappus.

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19

Ojanguren-Affilastro, Andrés A., Hugo A. Benítez, Hernán A. Iuri, Camilo I. Mattoni, Fermín M. Alfaro, and Jaime Pizarro-Araya. "Description of Bothriurus mistral n. sp., the highest-dwelling Bothriurus from the western Andes (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae), using multiple morphometric approaches." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 22, 2023): e0281336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281336.

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We describe Bothriurus mistral n. sp. (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae) from the Chilean north-central Andes of the Coquimbo Region. This is the highest elevational discovery for Bothriurus in the western slopes of the Andes. This species was collected in the Estero Derecho Private Protected Area and Natural Sanctuary as part of the First National Biodiversity Inventory of Chile of the Integrated System for Monitoring and Evaluation of Native Forest Ecosystems (SIMEF). Bothriurus mistral n. sp. is closely related to Bothriurus coriaceus Pocock, 1893, from the lowlands of central Chile. This integrative research includes a combination of traditional morphometrics and geometric morphometric analyses to support the taxonomic delimitation of the species.

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20

Pizarro, Roberto, Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich, John E. McCray, Jonathan O. Sharp, Rodrigo Valdés-Pineda, Claudia Sangüesa, Dayana Jaque-Becerra, et al. "Climate Change and Overuse: Water Resource Challenges during Economic Growth in Coquimbo, Chile." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 15, 2022): 3440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063440.

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The arid Coquimbo region of Chile has experienced a significant economic growth in recent decades, fueled in large part by water-intensive activities such as mining and agriculture. Under this context, a monthly and annual trend analysis of precipitation, streamflow, and piezometric levels was carried out. Thus, 43 pluviometric stations, 11 fluviometric stations, and 11 wells were selected. These stations were evaluated for their temporal trends using the Mann–Kendall test. Results revealed a significant decrease in river flows, with negative and significant trends concentrated in the mean and maximum flows, both at annual and monthly levels. Likewise, positive trends were found in the depth to water table on wells, with significant trends in 81.8% of the monthly cases, and in 72.7% of the annual cases. While also decreasing over the same period, rainfall trends exhibit high variability and lacked significance. Although the amounts of precipitation have decreased, this does not seem to be the main factor responsible for the scarcity of water in the region, but rather an excessive consumption of this resource. This is endorsed by the increase in GDP (Gross Domestic Product), which is explained by activities that consume water (mining and agriculture). Similarly, an increase in the granting of underground water rights was verified, which speaks of the high demands for the resource. However, future modeling is advised to better understand the regional hydrology of the area and quantify the anthropic effects on water resources more precisely.

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BARAHONA-SEGOVIA, RODRIGO M., and LAURA PAÑINAO-MONSÁLVEZ. "New record of the endemic jewel beetle Pygicera scripta krahmeri (Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Nacionini) from a coastal forest of Hualpén, Biobío Region, Chile." Zootaxa 4731, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4731.2.12.

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Pygicera Kerremans, 1903 is an endemic genus of jewel beetle of Chile distributed in the central Chile hotspot, which is distributed from the Atacama Desert in the north to the Valdivian Forest in the south (Myers et al., 2000). Currently, Pygicera is composed of one species and two subspecies: Pygicera scripta scripta Laporte & Gory, 1837 and the Valdivian rainforest subspecies Pygicera scripta krahmeri Moore 1981 (Figs 2–6). The first subspecies is distributed from Limarí in the Coquimbo Region to Curicó in the Maule Region, both in the coast as well as Andean foothills. This is considered the common subspecies (Moore, 1981; Moore & Vidal, 2015). The southern subspecies is distributed from Victoria in the Araucanía Region to La Unión in Los Ríos Region (Moore, 1981; Moore & Vidal, 2015) and is the rarest and less abundant subspecies. The larvae of both subspecies have been recorded in the “maitén” (Maytenus boaria) Molina, from which they have been reared (Moore, 1981, 1987; Moore & Vidal, 2015).

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Larrondo, C., J. Leiva, and L. de la Cruz-Cruz. "Dairy goat welfare in semi-intensive production systems and drought conditions." Animal Welfare 30, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.30.4.001.

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The region of Coquimbo has the highest percentage of goats (Capra hircus) in Chile and is severely affected by droughts. This can lead to environmental challenges such as limited water and forage availability when goats are kept in natural grasslands. The objective of this study was to assess the welfare of dairy goats in semi-intensive production systems under drought conditions. The study was carried out in La Serena city, region of Coquimbo, Chile and 22 semi-intensive dairy goat farms were assessed using the Animal Welfare Indicators protocol. In each evaluation, the following indicators and information were gathered: physical and behavioural indicators of animal welfare, farmers' sociodemographic information, farm facilities, husbandry practices and management of the farm, and farmers' perception of animal welfare. Of the goats evaluated (n = 446), the vast majority had a body condition score (BCS) considered normal (n = 349; 78.25%). The main welfare problems were poor hair condition, faecal soiling, overgrown claws and improper disbudding or dehorning. The majority of farmers (96%) considered it 'rather important' or 'very important' to handle their goats in a gentle manner, expressing concern about the welfare of their animals and considering pain as a negative experience for goats. A lower than expected percentage of very thin animals (low BCS) were seen, considering the drought conditions and the forage shortage that affects the region, and no animals were observed with signs of thermal stress. The semi-intensive production systems could be an alternative to pasture-based systems to overcome environmental challenges.

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Larrondo, C., J. Leiva, and L. de la Cruz-Cruz. "Dairy goat welfare in semi-intensive production systems and drought conditions." Animal Welfare 30, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7120/09627286.30.4.001.

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The region of Coquimbo has the highest percentage of goats (Capra hircus) in Chile and is severely affected by droughts. This can lead to environmental challenges such as limited water and forage availability when goats are kept in natural grasslands. The objective of this study was to assess the welfare of dairy goats in semi-intensive production systems under drought conditions. The study was carried out in La Serena city, region of Coquimbo, Chile and 22 semi-intensive dairy goat farms were assessed using the Animal Welfare Indicators protocol. In each evaluation, the following indicators and information were gathered: physical and behavioural indicators of animal welfare, farmers' sociodemographic information, farm facilities, husbandry practices and management of the farm, and farmers' perception of animal welfare. Of the goats evaluated (n = 446), the vast majority had a body condition score (BCS) considered normal (n = 349; 78.25%). The main welfare problems were poor hair condition, faecal soiling, overgrown claws and improper disbudding or dehorning. The majority of farmers (96%) considered it 'rather important' or 'very important' to handle their goats in a gentle manner, expressing concern about the welfare of their animals and considering pain as a negative experience for goats. A lower than expected percentage of very thin animals (low BCS) were seen, considering the drought conditions and the forage shortage that affects the region, and no animals were observed with signs of thermal stress. The semi-intensive production systems could be an alternative to pasture-based systems to overcome environmental challenges.

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24

Santilli, Ludovica, Fernanda Pérez, Claire de Schrevel, Philippe Dandois, Hector Mondaca, and Nicolás Lavandero. "Nicotiana rupicola sp. nov. and Nicotiana knightiana (sect. Paniculatae, Solanaceae), a new endemic and a new record for the flora of Chile." PhytoKeys 188 (January 18, 2022): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.188.73370.

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Nicotiana knightiana is recorded for the first time for the flora of Chile. A new species of Nicotiana, endemic to the coast of the Coquimbo region is described and illustrated. Molecular analysis placed the new species within the N. sect. Paniculatae, as sister to N. cordifolia, an endemic to Juan Fernandez islands. The new species can be considered critically endangered (CR) according to the IUCN categories due to its restricted and fragmented distribution, small population number, and the threat that urbanization and mining activities represent for the conservation of the biodiversity of the area.

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25

HIGUERAS, P., R. OYARZUN, J. LILLO, J. OYARZUN, and H. MATURANA. "Atmospheric mercury data for the Coquimbo region, Chile: influence of mineral deposits and metal recovery practices." Atmospheric Environment 39, no. 39 (December 2005): 7587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.06.059.

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26

Torres-Pérez, Palma, Boric-Bargetto, Vial, Ferrés, Vial, Martínez-Valdebenito, et al. "A 19 Year Analysis of Small Mammals Associated with Human Hantavirus Cases in Chile." Viruses 11, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090848.

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Small mammals present in areas where hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) cases had occurred in central and southern Chile were captured and analyzed to evaluate the abundance of rodents and seroprevalence rates of antibodies to Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV). Sampling areas ranged from the Coquimbo to Aysén regions (30–45° S approx.) regions. Ninety-two sites in peridomestic and countryside areas were evaluated in 19 years of sampling. An antibody against ANDV was detected by strip immunoassay in 58 of 1847 specimens captured using Sherman traps. Of the eleven species of rodents sampled, Abrothrix olivacea, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus and Abrothrix hirta were the most frequently trapped. O. longicaudatus had the highest seropositivity rate, and by logistic regression analysis, O. longicaudatus of at least 60 g had 80% or higher probability to be seropositive. Sex, age and wounds were significantly related to seropositivity only for O. longicaudatus. Across administrative regions, the highest seropositivity was found in the El Maule region (34.8–36.2° S), and the highest number of HCPS cases was registered in the Aysén region. Our results highlight the importance of long term and geographically extended studies, particularly for highly fluctuating pathogens and their reservoirs, to understand the implications of the dynamics and transmission of zoonotic diseases in human populations.

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Canto Hernández, Jhoann, Guillermo D'Elía, Richard Cadenillas, Frederick Toro, Cintya Borroni, Gerardo Cerda, and Sonia Español-Jiménez. "Review of Gray's beaked whale (Mesoplodon grayi) in the South East Pacific." Therya 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-22-2075.

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Information collected from a complete female juvenile individual of Gray's beaked whale (Mesoplodon grayi) stranded on the Guanaqueros coast, Coquimbo Region in Chile (30°S) is provided. Difficulties to differentiate specimens of Gray's beaked whale and Hector’s beaked whale (M. hectori) are discussed based on the use of diagnostic phenotypic characters, such as differences in color patterns and position of teeth on the lower jaw. The identification of the studied specimen as Gray's beaked whale was supported by a detailed review of cranial characters and molecular analyses. Finally, we provide an updated list containing all known Chilean records for this species.

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Rodríguez, Carolina, Rafael Sánchez, Javier Lozano-Parra, Natalia Rebolledo, Nicolás Schneider, Jennyfer Serrano, and Eduardo Leiva. "Water Balance Assessment in Schools and Households of Rural Areas of Coquimbo Region, North-Central Chile: Potential for Greywater Reuse." Water 12, no. 10 (October 19, 2020): 2915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102915.

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Population growth, global warming, and increased demand for water have caused global concern about increasing water scarcity. Chile has an unequal geographical distribution of water resources. The north-central area where more than half of the country’s population lives has an availability of less than 1000 m3/hab/year. Particularly, the Coquimbo Region has been one of the most affected by drought due to the great agricultural activity in the area. In this study, surveys were carried out in rural schools and households to determine water consumption habits. The results in the schools showed that between 42% and 72% of the wastewater generated comes from the washbasin, which represents light greywater, that is, with low organic matter content. According to the data obtained, the amount of greywater generated on average reached 12 L per capita per day. These waters have the potential to be treated and reused effectively for the flow of toilets or garden irrigation. In the case of households, the generation of greywater was 84% of the total water consumed, of which, more than 86% correspond to light greywater from the shower and washbasin. On average, the light greywater generated daily reached 204 L per person per day. Due to the heterogeneity of drinking water sources in rural areas of the Coquimbo Region, the high rate of greywater generation in both schools and homes indicates the great potential for water treatment and reuse in this area. These results contribute to a better understanding of water consumption habits in rural areas affected by water scarcity and the potential of implementing greywater treatment systems to generate a decrease in demand for drinking water.

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Otzen, Tamara, Antonio Sanhueza, Carlos Manterola, Monica Hetz, and Tamara Melnik. "Transport accident mortality in Chile: trends from 2000 to 2012." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 21, no. 12 (December 2016): 3711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320152112.12652016.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to describe the trends of transport accident mortality in Chile from 2000 to 2012 by year, geographic distribution, gender, age group, and type of accident. Population-based study. Data for transport accident mortality in Chile between 2000 and 2012 were used. The crude and adjusted per region transport accident mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants. The annual percentage change (APC) of the rates and relative risks (RR) were calculated. The average transport accident mortality rate (TAMR) in Chile (2000-2012) was 12.2. The rates were greater in men (19.7) than in women (4.8), with a RR of 4.1. The rates were higher in the country's southern zone (15.9), increasing in recent years in the southern zone, with a significant positive APC in the northern and central zones. The Maule region had the highest rate (21.1), although Coquimbo was the region with the most significant APC (2.2%). The highest rate (20.3) was verified in the 25-40 age group. The highest rate (14.3) was recorded in 2008. The most frequent type of accident was pedestrian. In general the APC trends of the rates are increasing significantly. This, added to rapid annual automotive growth, will only exacerbate mortality due to transport accidents.

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Corral, Sebastián A., Valeria de Angel, Natalia Salas, Liliana Zúñiga-Venegas, Pablo A. Gaspar, and Floria Pancetti. "Cognitive impairment in agricultural workers and nearby residents exposed to pesticides in the Coquimbo Region of Chile." Neurotoxicology and Teratology 62 (July 2017): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ntt.2017.05.003.

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Oyarzun, R., J. Oyarzún, J. Lillo, H. Maturana, and P. Higueras. "Mineral deposits and Cu–Zn–As dispersion–contamination in stream sediments from the semiarid Coquimbo Region, Chile." Environmental Geology 53, no. 2 (February 6, 2007): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0643-8.

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Moncada, Ximena, Daniel Plaza, Alexandra Stoll, Claudia Payacan, Daniela Seelenfreund, Enrique Martínez, Angéline Bertin, and Francisco A. Squeo. "Genetic diversity and structure of the vulnerable species Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz in the Coquimbo Region, Chile." Gayana. Botánica 76, no. 1 (June 2019): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-66432019000100091.

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Oyarzún, Jorge, Jorge Núñez, Jerry P. Fairley, Sebastián Tapia, Diana Alvarez, Hugo Maturana, José Luis Arumí, Evelyn Aguirre, Alfonso Carvajal, and Ricardo Oyarzún. "Groundwater Recharge Assessment in an Arid, Coastal, Middle Mountain Copper Mining District, Coquimbo Region, North-central Chile." Mine Water and the Environment 38, no. 2 (March 16, 2019): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-019-00603-7.

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Peralta-Prato, Javiera, and Andrés Solórzano. "How many species of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus (Xenarthra: Megatheriidae) were in Chile?: new evidences from the Bahía Inglesa Formation, with a reappraisal of their biochronological affinities." Andean Geology 46, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov46n3-3221.

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The aquatic sloth, Thalassocnus, is one of the most intriguing lineage of mammal known from the southern pacific coast of South America during the late Neogene. It was initially recognized in Perú, but recent paleontological surveys also recorded its presence in Chile. However, the determination of how many species of Thalassocnus were actually present in Chile remains as an open question. Here, we provide a detailed morphological description of an isolated distal fragment of humerus recovered at the Mina Fosforita member (ca. 7 Ma), Bahía Inglesa Formation (Atacama Region, northern Chile), which is referred to Thalassocnus. Morphological comparisons with others forms from Chile and Perú allow us to attribute the CPUC/C/557 specimen to Thalassocnus cf. T. natans, though some degree of intraspecific variation is acknowledged. The assessment of the stratigraphic provenance of the materials with previously assigned to Thalassocnus from the Bahía Inglesa, Horcón and Coquimbo formations, permits us to propose that the taxonomic diversity of Thalassocnus in Chile is unequivocal conformed by T. carolomartini, and T. natans. We also admitted the likely presence of T. antiquus and probably T. yaucensis. Futures discoveries of more complete specimens, and/or the detailed analysis of undescribed specimens from Chile will undoubtedly contribute to illustrate the evolutionary history of the Thalassocnus radiation in Chile.

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Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, Felipe A. Hernández, Natalia Castro, Francesca Tamarozzi, Leonardo Uchiumi, Juan Carlos Salvitti, Michelle Cueva, and Adriano Casulli. "Prevalence rate and risk factors of human cystic echinococcosis: A cross-sectional, community-based, abdominal ultrasound study in rural and urban north-central Chile." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 3 (March 9, 2022): e0010280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010280.

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Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a neglected and underdiagnosed parasitic zoonosis that has a significant socioeconomic impact on rural communities relying on livestock farming. CE is endemic across Latin America, including Chile, where the Coquimbo region exhibits a relatively high record of hospital-based human cases and infected animals. However, the incidence of hospitalized CE cases may underestimate the real burden of infection in a population, since the majority of cases never reach medical attention or official disease records. Methodology/Principal findings In 2019, a cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted with the objectives of estimating for the first time the prevalence of human abdominal CE using abdominal ultrasound (US) screening in volunteers residing in urban and rural localities of the Monte Patria municipality located in Limarí province, Coquimbo region, Chile, and identifying the risk factors associated with human infection. Pre-screening activities included a 16-h lecture/hands-on training aimed at rural physicians that focused on the diagnosis of CE by US, based on current WHO recommendations. A total of 2,439 (~8% of municipality inhabitants) people from thirteen target localities were screened by abdominal US in June-July 2019. We found an overall CE prevalence of 1.6% (95% CI 1.1–2.2) with a significantly higher likelihood of infection in rural localities, older age classes and people drinking non-potable water; 84.6% of infected volunteers were newly diagnosed with CE. Cysts were either in active or inactive stages in equal proportions; active cysts were detected in all age classes, while 95.7% of inactive cysts occurred in >40 years-old subjects. Conclusions/Significance This is the first US survey aimed at detecting human infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus s.l. in Chile. Our findings indicate a high CE prevalence in the area, and contribute to define the demographic and behavioral risk factors promoting the transmission of the parasitic infection within target communities. Our results support the implementation of cost-effective strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and control of CE, and the need to improve the epidemiological surveillance system in Chile.

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Montenegro Vargas, Rubén, and Milenko A. Aguilera. "Una nueva especie de araña trampilla del género Goloboffia Griswold y Ledford, 2001 (Araneae: Migidae) para la Región de Coquimbo, Chile." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 48, no. 3 (July 29, 2022): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.48.3.22.09.

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Una nueva especie de Goloboffia Griswold y Ledford, 2001 es descrita e ilustrada, con base en ejemplares adultos de ambos sexos. Goloboffia gonzalezi sp. nov. difiere de las otras especies del género por la morfología del bulbo copulador del macho y por la espermateca de la hembra. Esta nueva especie representa el registro más septentrional para el género en el país. El taxón se caracteriza por tener exigencias ambientales específicas que las hacen exclusivas de ciertos microhábitats, convirtiéndolas en especies sensibles a los cambios ambientales y/o de hábitat.

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Squeo, F. A., Y. Tracol, D. López, J. R. Gutiérrez, A. M. Cordova, and J. R. Ehleringer. "ENSO effects on primary productivity in Southern Atacama desert." Advances in Geosciences 6 (March 3, 2006): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-6-273-2006.

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Abstract. In the winter-rain southern Atacama Desert of the Coquimbo Region of Chile, El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events modulate primary productivity. In this region, there are important changes in water availability between La Niña (dry) and El Niño (rainy) years. Using inter-annual comparisons of LANDSAT images from 30° to 31° S latitude, we observed changes in primary productivity between dry and rainy years at the regional level. There were also significant, negative correlations between productivity and elevation, with changes occurring first at low elevation during rainy years. The limiting factors to dryland vegetation primary productivity is different in regard to elevation. Rain during an El Niño year is the main factor that explains the increase in primary productivity at low elevation, while lower temperatures reduce and delay the net primary productivity at mid elevation.

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Salvatierra, Angélica. "Reproductive phenology of the arborescent cactus Eulychnia acida Phil. under three agroecological conditions in the Coquimbo Region, Chile." Chilean journal of agricultural research 80, no. 2 (June 2020): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392020000200253.

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Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, Sarah Cleaveland, Barend M. deC Bronsvoort, Andrew A. Cunningham, Helen Bradshaw, and Philip S. Craig. "Echinococcus granulosus infection in domestic dogs in urban and rural areas of the Coquimbo region, north-central Chile." Veterinary Parasitology 169, no. 1-2 (April 2010): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.005.

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Banegas, Gabriela Amparo, Ernesto Cortés Pizarro, and Osvaldo Fosado Téllez. "Plan de manejo de residuos de pescado para el Puerto Pesquero Artesanal de Coquimbo." La Técnica: Revista de las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982, no. 19 (July 26, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i19.1077.

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Fish residue management plan for the Craft Fishing Port of Coquimbo Resumen En Chile, el Puerto Pesquero Artesanal de la ciudad de Coquimbo es usado como el principal centro de desembarque de la región. Una de las principales actividades que se realiza es el eviscerado y limpieza de pescados, cuyo resultado es la generación de un gran volumen de residuos. Estos son almacenados durante el día en contenedores plásticos con escurridores, ubicados en el patio del Puerto. Debido a que no están bajo una cubierta, estos están expuestos a la radiación solar, por tanto su descomposición se acelera, favoreciendo la generación de malos olores y atrayendo moscas por el escurrimiento de sangre. Dichos residuos son utilizados para la fabricación de harina de pescado, pero cuando estos no son retirados sistemáticamente, se dispone que sean arrojados al mar. En el presente trabajo se plantean dos propuestas de manejo para los residuos: la elaboración de compost y el diseño de un proceso para la adecuada recolección, segregación, transporte, tratamiento y disposición final de los mismos. Palabras clave: pescado eviscerado; resíduos de pescado; compost; recursos hidrobiológicos; viruta. Abstract In Chile, the Artisanal Fishing Port of the city of Coquimbo is used as the main landing point for the region. One of the main activities is the evisceration and cleaning of fish, which results in the generation of a large volume of waste. This waste is stored during the day in plastic containers with colanders, located in the backyard of the Port. Because it is not covered, the waste is exposed to solar radiation, accelerating its decomposition and therefore generating bad odors and attracting flies. Although the waste is used for the production of fish flour, it is also thrown into the sea, because it is not constantly removed from the port. In the present work, two waste management proposals are presented: the elaboration of compost and the design of a process for the adequate collection, segregation, transport, treatment and final disposal of the waste. Keywords: gutted fish; fish waste; compost; hydrobiological resources; chips.

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Patón, Daniel. "Climatic and Biological Factors Related with Goat Grazing Management in the Arid Grassland of the Coquimbo Region (Northern Chile)." Ecologies 2, no. 4 (October 21, 2021): 345–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecologies2040020.

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(1) Background: Desertification is one of the most important environmental impacts around the world. In the semiarid grassland of North of Chile, overgrazing has deep effects on arid lands and consequently on its economy and social development. It is necessary to conduct very detailed studies to determine how the climate, the botanical composition and the grazing system affects this process; (2) Methods: In this paper, we have determined the effect on arid grasslands of three goat managements: exclusions, continuous and deferred grazing on forage biomass, richness, Berger–Parker’s dominance and Shannon’s diversity. This study was developed in Las Cardas Range Station (CEALC) of the University of Chile in the Coquimbo region. The effect of annual and seasonal rainfall on biomass, diversity, richness and dominance parameters was determined; (3) Results: Allochthonous, endemic and native species showed significant changes both for seasonal and annual precipitation. In contrast, the grazing system only affected dominance and biomass of native and endemic species. Deferred grazing was the only management system that increased overall biomass productivity, especially on the best forage plant species. Exclusions showed a positive influence on more endangered species, which were the most vulnerable to goat overgrazing; (4) Conclusions: In consequence, we proposed a network of areas under deferred grazing combined with exclusions. This strategy can increase simultaneously forage productivity, grassland conservation and preservation of associated resources as hunting and wildlife tourism. Moreover, this strategy of range management will allow the sustainability of community of farmers in one of the poorest and most desertified areas in South America.

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Hernández, Catalina, Rodrigo Barraza, Alejandro Saez, Mercedes Ibarra, and Danilo Estay. "Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power Towers in Chile." Energies 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2020): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092131.

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This study aims to build a potential map for the installation of a central receiver concentrated solar power plant in Chile under the terms of the average net present cost of electricity generation during its lifetime. This is also called the levelized cost of electricity, which is a function of electricity production, capital costs, operational costs and financial parameters. The electricity production, capital and operational costs were defined as a function of the location through the Chilean territory. Solar resources and atmospheric conditions for each site were determined. A 130 MWe concentrated solar power plant was modeled to estimate annual electricity production for each site. The capital and operational costs were identified as a function of location. The electricity supplied by the power plant was tested, quantifying the potential of the solar resources, as well as technical and economic variables. The results reveal areas with great potential for the development of large-scale central receiver concentrated solar power plants, therefore accomplishing a low levelized cost of energy. The best zone is located among the Arica and Parinacota region and the northern part of the Coquimbo region, which shows an average cost of 89 USD/MWh, with a minimum of 76 USD/MWh near Copiapó.

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Jana, C., X. Moncada, D. Díaz, P. S. Larraín, C. Contreras, and V. Alfaro. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ACCESSIONS OF ARGENTINA TYPE GLOBE ARTICHOKE VARIETY COLLECTED AT COQUIMBO REGION, CHILE (30°S)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 983 (April 2013): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2013.983.26.

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Solis-Soto, María Teresa, María Soledad Burrone, Gabriel Reginatto, Jaime C. Sapag, and Rubén Alvarado. "Stigma towards people with mental disorders: perceptions of devaluation and discrimination in a sample of Chilean workers." Salud mental 42, no. 5 (October 23, 2019): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2019.027.

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Introduction. Mental disorders represent one of the main causes of disease burden in the adult population. Negative public attitudes and behaviors toward people with mental disorders negatively affect the treatment, recovery, and social inclusion of those affected. Chile laks surveys on workers that address this issue. Objective. To describe the perceptions of devaluation and discrimination towards people with mental disorders in a sample of Chilean workers. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1 516 workers in the formal sector of four regions of Chile (Metropolitan Region [RM], Bío Bio [VIII], Valparaíso [V] and Coquimbo [IV]). The perception of discrimination and devaluation was explored through a modified version of the The perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale (PDD) comprising 15 questions. The relationship of each question with sociodemographic variables (age, sex, years of study, and region) and type of economic activity was assessed. Results. The study found a high percentage of perceptions of devaluation and discrimination in most aspects considered, particularly those related to hiring a person who has been hospitalized due to a mental illness (85%), feeling sorry for people with severe mental illnesses (80%), and the unwillingness to marry a person with a mental illness (78%). Significant differences were observed in the opinions by sociodemographic variables and region of residence. Discussion and conclusion. The perception of Chilean workers has high levels of stigma towards people living with mental disorders. It is necessary and urgent to develop effective anti-stigma public policies to promote a more inclusive, tolerant society.

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Medina, Rafael A., Fernando Torres-Perez, Hector Galeno, Maritza Navarrete, Pablo A. Vial, R. Eduardo Palma, Marcela Ferres, Joseph A. Cook, and Brian Hjelle. "Ecology, Genetic Diversity, and Phylogeographic Structure of Andes Virus in Humans and Rodents in Chile." Journal of Virology 83, no. 6 (December 30, 2008): 2446–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01057-08.

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ABSTRACT Andes virus (ANDV) is the predominant etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in southern South America. In Chile, serologically confirmed human hantavirus infections have occurred throughout a wide latitudinal distribution extending from the regions of Valparaíso (32 to 33°S) to Aysén (46°S) in southern Patagonia. In this study, we found seropositive rodents further north in the Coquimbo region (30°S) in Chile. Rodent seroprevalence was 1.4%, with Oligoryzomys longicaudatus displaying the highest seroprevalence (5.9%), followed by Abrothrix longipilis (1.9%) and other species exhibiting ≤0.6% seropositivity. We sequenced partial ANDV small (S) segment RNA from 6 HCPS patients and 32 rodents of four different species collected throughout the known range of hantavirus infection in Chile. Phylogenetic analyses showed two major ANDV South (ANDV Sout) clades, congruent with two major Chilean ecoregions, Mediterranean (Chilean matorral [shrubland]) and Valdivian temperate forest. Human and rodent samples grouped according to geographic location. Phylogenetic comparative analyses of portions of S and medium segments (encoding glycoproteins Gn and Gc) from a subset of rodent specimens exhibited similar topologies, corroborating two major ANDV Sout clades in Chile and suggesting that yet unknown factors influence viral gene flow and persistence throughout the two Chilean ecoregions. Genetic algorithms for recombination detection identified recombination events within the S segment. Molecular demographic analyses showed that the virus is undergoing purifying selection and demonstrated a recent exponential growth in the effective number of ANDV Sout infections in Chile that correlates with the increased number of human cases reported. Although we determined virus sequences from four rodent species, our results confirmed O. longicaudatus as the primary ANDV Sout reservoir in Chile. While evidence of geographic differentiation exists, a single cosmopolitan lineage of ANDV Sout remains the sole etiologic agent for HCPS in Chile.

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Castillo-Vergara, Mauricio, Oscar Contreras-González, and David Gómez Schwartz. "Método de superficie de respuesta para la optimización de condiciones de riego de salicornia en la region de Coquimbo, Chile." Producción + Limpia 11, no. 2 (2016): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22507/pml.v11n2a6.

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Plaza, V., C. Bustamante, E. Silva-Moreno, and L. Castillo. "First Report of Botrytis cinerea Causing Gray Mold Disease on the Endemic Plant Echinopsis coquimbana in the Coquimbo Region, Chile." Plant Disease 102, no. 7 (July 2018): 1448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-17-0445-pdn.

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Ramírez-Santana, Muriel, Cristián Farías-Gómez, Liliana Zúñiga-Venegas, Rodrigo Sandoval, Nel Roeleveld, Koos Van der Velden, Paul T. J. Scheepers, and Floria Pancetti. "Biomonitoring of blood cholinesterases and acylpeptide hydrolase activities in rural inhabitants exposed to pesticides in the Coquimbo Region of Chile." PLOS ONE 13, no. 5 (May 2, 2018): e0196084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196084.

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Acosta-Jamett, G., W. S. K. Chalmers, A. A. Cunningham, S. Cleaveland, I. G. Handel, and B. M. deC Bronsvoort. "Urban domestic dog populations as a source of canine distemper virus for wild carnivores in the Coquimbo region of Chile." Veterinary Microbiology 152, no. 3-4 (September 2011): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.008.

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Acosta-Jamett, G., S. Cleaveland, A. A. Cunningham, and B. M. deC Bronsvoort. "Demography of domestic dogs in rural and urban areas of the Coquimbo region of Chile and implications for disease transmission." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 94, no. 3-4 (May 2010): 272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.01.002.

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