Academic literature on the topic 'COQ4'

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Journal articles on the topic "COQ4"

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Yen, Hsiu-Chuan, Bing-Shian Chen, Si-Ling Yang, Shin-Yu Wu, Chun-Wei Chang, Kuo-Chen Wei, Jee-Ching Hsu, Yung-Hsing Hsu, Tzung-Hai Yen, and Chih-Lung Lin. "Levels of Coenzyme Q10 and Several COQ Proteins in Human Astrocytoma Tissues Are Inversely Correlated with Malignancy." Biomolecules 12, no. 2 (February 20, 2022): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12020336.

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In a previous study, we reported the alterations of primary antioxidant enzymes and decreased citrate synthase (CS) activities in different grades of human astrocytoma tissues. Here, we further investigated coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels and protein levels of polyprenyl diphosphate synthase subunit (PDSS2) and several COQ proteins required for CoQ10 biosynthesis in these tissues. We found that the level of endogenous CoQ10, but not of exogenous α-tocopherol, was higher in nontumor controls than in all grades of astrocytoma tissues. The levels of COQ3, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7, COQ8A, and COQ9, but not of COQ4, were lower in Grade IV astrocytoma tissues than in controls or low-grade (Grades I and II) astrocytomas, but PDSS2 levels were higher in astrocytoma tissues than in controls. Correlation analysis revealed that the levels of CoQ10 and COQ proteins were negatively correlated with malignancy degree and positively correlated with CS activity, whereas PDSS2 level was positively correlated with malignancy. Moreover, lower level of mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 was not only associated with a higher malignancy degree but also with lower level of all COQ proteins detected. The results revealed that mitochondrial abnormalities are associated with impaired CoQ10 maintenance in human astrocytoma progression.
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Gomes, Fernando, Erich B. Tahara, Cleverson Busso, Alicia J. Kowaltowski, and Mario H. Barros. "nde1 deletion improves mitochondrial DNA maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae coenzyme Q mutants." Biochemical Journal 449, no. 3 (January 9, 2013): 595–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20121432.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae has three distinct inner mitochondrial membrane NADH dehydrogenases mediating the transfer of electrons from NADH to CoQ (coenzyme Q): Nde1p, Nde2p and Ndi1p. The active site of Ndi1p faces the matrix side, whereas the enzymatic activities of Nde1p and Nde2p are restricted to the intermembrane space side, where they are responsible for cytosolic NADH oxidation. In the present study we genetically manipulated yeast strains in order to alter the redox state of CoQ and NADH dehydrogenases to evaluate the consequences on mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) maintenance. Interestingly, nde1 deletion was protective for mtDNA in strains defective in CoQ function. Additionally, the absence of functional Nde1p promoted a decrease in the rate of H2O2 release in isolated mitochondria from different yeast strains. On the other hand, overexpression of the predominant NADH dehydrogenase NDE1 elevated the rate of mtDNA loss and was toxic to coq10 and coq4 mutants. Increased CoQ synthesis through COQ8 overexpression also demonstrated that there is a correlation between CoQ respiratory function and mtDNA loss: supraphysiological CoQ levels were protective against mtDNA loss in the presence of oxidative imbalance generated by Nde1p excess or exogenous H2O2. Altogether, our results indicate that impairment in the oxidation of cytosolic NADH by Nde1p is deleterious towards mitochondrial biogenesis due to an increase in reactive oxygen species release.
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Chen, Fengxiang, and Lei Yang. "The Transition Metal and Non-metal co-Doping Graphene for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis: a Density Functional Theory Study." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/63/18.

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are vital energy-conversion devices in a hydrogen-fueled economic. In this study, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study 4e− oxygen reduction reaction process on transition metal embedded in single and double vacancies (SV and DV) in a graphene. We calculated bonding energy and adsorption energy on CoX3 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) and CoX4 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) embedded in graphene. Our DFT results indicate that formation of CoX3 is unfeasible and the formation of CoX4 is feasible. In addition, the crucial role of ligand atoms near embedded metal atoms is revealed via the molecular orbital theory. Then the Gibbs free energy of CoX4 are calculated and the CoN4, CoS4, and CoP4 are predicted to be active for catalyzing ORR, and these also show ligand atoms’ coordination effect for catalytic activity of central metal. Furthermore, we observed that they have identical rate-determining step (RDS). This work can provide some references for transition atoms catalytic doped in carbon materials.
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Finsterer, Josef, and Sinda Zarrouk-Mahjoub. "Mitochondrial cardioencephalopathy due to a COQ4 mutation." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports 13 (December 2017): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.07.003.

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Marbois, Beth, Peter Gin, Kym F. Faull, Wayne W. Poon, Peter T. Lee, Jeff Strahan, Jennifer N. Shepherd, and Catherine F. Clarke. "Coq3 and Coq4 Define a Polypeptide Complex in Yeast Mitochondria for the Biosynthesis of Coenzyme Q." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 21 (March 25, 2005): 20231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m501315200.

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Wang, Sining, Akash Jain, Noelle Alexa Novales, Audrey N. Nashner, Fiona Tran, and Catherine F. Clarke. "Predicting and Understanding the Pathology of Single Nucleotide Variants in Human COQ Genes." Antioxidants 11, no. 12 (November 22, 2022): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122308.

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Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a vital lipid that functions as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and as a membrane-soluble antioxidant. Deficiencies in CoQ lead to metabolic diseases with a wide range of clinical manifestations. There are currently few treatments that can slow or stop disease progression. Primary CoQ10 deficiency can arise from mutations in any of the COQ genes responsible for CoQ biosynthesis. While many mutations in these genes have been identified, the clinical significance of most of them remains unclear. Here we analyzed the structural and functional impact of 429 human missense single nucleotide variants (SNVs) that give rise to amino acid substitutions in the conserved and functional regions of human genes encoding a high molecular weight complex known as the CoQ synthome (or Complex Q), consisting of the COQ3–COQ7 and COQ9 gene products. Using structures of COQ polypeptides, close homologs, and AlphaFold models, we identified 115 SNVs that are potentially pathogenic. Further biochemical characterizations in model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae are required to validate the pathogenicity of the identified SNVs. Collectively, our results will provide a resource for clinicians during patient diagnosis and guide therapeutic efforts toward combating primary CoQ10 deficiency.
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Basselin, Mireille, Shannon M. Hunt, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, and Edna S. Kaneshiro. "Ubiquinone Synthesis in Mitochondrial and Microsomal Subcellular Fractions of Pneumocystis spp.: Differential Sensitivities to Atovaquone." Eukaryotic Cell 4, no. 8 (August 2005): 1483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.4.8.1483-1492.2005.

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ABSTRACT The lung pathogen Pneumocystis spp. is the causative agent of a type of pneumonia that can be fatal in people with defective immune systems, such as AIDS patients. Atovaquone, an analog of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q [CoQ]), inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and is effective in clearing mild to moderate cases of the infection. Purified rat-derived intact Pneumocystis carinii cells synthesize de novo four CoQ homologs, CoQ7, CoQ8, CoQ9, and CoQ10, as demonstrated by the incorporation of radiolabeled precursors of both the benzoquinone ring and the polyprenyl chain. A central step in CoQ biosynthesis is the condensation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) with a long-chain polyprenyl diphosphate molecule. In the present study, CoQ biosynthesis was evaluated by the incorporation of PHBA into completed CoQ molecules using P. carinii cell-free preparations. CoQ synthesis in whole-cell homogenates was not affected by the respiratory inhibitors antimycin A and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide but was diminished by atovaquone. Thus, atovaquone has inhibitory activity on both electron transport and CoQ synthesis in this pathogen. Furthermore, both the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were shown to synthesize de novo all four P. carinii CoQ homologs. Interestingly, atovaquone inhibited microsomal CoQ synthesis, whereas it had no effect on mitochondrial CoQ synthesis. This is the first pathogenic eukaryotic microorganism in which biosynthesis of CoQ molecules from the initial PHBA:polyprenyl transferase reaction has been unambiguously shown to occur in two distinct compartments of the same cell.
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Spinazzi, Marco, Enrico Radaelli, Katrien Horré, Amaia M. Arranz, Natalia V. Gounko, Patrizia Agostinis, Teresa Mendes Maia, et al. "PARL deficiency in mouse causes Complex III defects, coenzyme Q depletion, and Leigh-like syndrome." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811938116.

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The mitochondrial intramembrane rhomboid protease PARL has been implicated in diverse functions in vitro, but its physiological role in vivo remains unclear. Here we show that Parl ablation in mouse causes a necrotizing encephalomyelopathy similar to Leigh syndrome, a mitochondrial disease characterized by disrupted energy production. Mice with conditional PARL deficiency in the nervous system, but not in muscle, develop a similar phenotype as germline Parl KOs, demonstrating the vital role of PARL in neurological homeostasis. Genetic modification of two major PARL substrates, PINK1 and PGAM5, do not modify this severe neurological phenotype. Parl−/− brain mitochondria are affected by progressive ultrastructural changes and by defects in Complex III (CIII) activity, coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, and mitochondrial calcium metabolism. PARL is necessary for the stable expression of TTC19, which is required for CIII activity, and of COQ4, which is essential in CoQ biosynthesis. Thus, PARL plays a previously overlooked constitutive role in the maintenance of the respiratory chain in the nervous system, and its deficiency causes progressive mitochondrial dysfunction and structural abnormalities leading to neuronal necrosis and Leigh-like syndrome.
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Sondheimer, Neal, Stacy Hewson, Jessie M. Cameron, Gino R. Somers, Jane Dunning Broadbent, Marcello Ziosi, Catarina Maria Quinzii, and Ali B. Naini. "Novel recessive mutations in COQ4 cause severe infantile cardiomyopathy and encephalopathy associated with CoQ 10 deficiency." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports 12 (September 2017): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgmr.2017.05.001.

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Caglayan, Ahmet Okay, Hakan Gumus, Erin Sandford, Thomas L. Kubisiak, Qianyi Ma, A. Bilge Ozel, Huseyin Per, Jun Z. Li, Vikram G. Shakkottai, and Margit Burmeister. "COQ4 Mutation Leads to Childhood-Onset Ataxia Improved by CoQ10 Administration." Cerebellum 18, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-019-01011-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "COQ4"

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Canh, Tran UyenPhuong. "Characterization of Coq2 and Coq7 proteins, dual function polypeptides in Saccharomyces cerevisiae coenzyme Q biosynthesis." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1320942011&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Lundstedt, Anders. "Realizability in Coq." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Avd.), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174109.

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This thesis describes a Coq formalization of realizability interpretations of arithmetic. The realizability interpretations are based on partial combinatory algebras—to each partial combinatory algebra there is an associated realizability interpretation. I construct two partial combinatory algebras. One of these gives a realizability interpretation equivalent to Kleene’s original one, without involving the usual recursion-theoretic machinery.
Den här uppsatsen beskriver en Coq-formalisering av realiserbarhetstolkningar av aritmetik. Realiserbarhetstolkningarna baseras på partiella kombinatoriska algebror—för varje partiell kombinatorisk algebra finns det en motsvarande realiserbarhetstolkning. Jag konstruerar två partiella kombinatoriska algebror. En av dessa ger en realiserbarhetstolkning som är ekvivalent med Kleenes ursprungliga tolkning, men dess konstruktion använder inte det sedvanliga rekursionsteoretiska maskineriet.
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Claret, Guillaume. "Program in Coq." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC068/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous cherchons à développer de nouvelles techniques pour écrire plus simplement des programmes formellement vérifiés. Nous procédons en étudiant l'utilisation de Coq en tant que langage de programmation dans différents environnements. Coq étant un langage purement fonctionnel, nous nous concentrons surtout sur la représentation et la spécification d'effets impurs, tel que les exceptions, les références mutables, les entrées-sorties et la concurrence.Nous travaillons premièrement sur deux projets préliminaires qui nous aident à comprendre les défis existants dans la programmation en Coq. Le premier projet, Cybele, est un plugin Coq pour écrire des preuves par réflexion efficaces avec effets. Nous compilons et nous exécutons les effets impurs en OCaml pour générer une prophétie, une forme de certificat, et interprétons les effets dans Coq en utilisant cette prophétie. Le second projet, le compilateur CoqOfOCaml, importe des programmes OCaml avec effets dans Coq en utilisant un système d'inférence d'effets.Puis nous décrivons différentes représentations génériques et composables d'effets impurs en Coq. Les calculs avec pause combinent les effets d'exceptions et de références mutables avec un mécanisme de pause. Ce mécanisme de pause permet de rendre explicite les étapes d'évaluation dans le but de représenter l'évaluation concurrente de deux termes. En implémentant le serveur web Pluto en Coq, nous réalisons que les entrées-sorties asynchrones sont l'effet le plus utile : cet effet est présent dans la plupart des programmes et ne peux être encodé de façon purement fonctionnelle. Nous concevons alors les "calculs asynchrones" comme moyen pour représenter et compiler des programmes avec événements en Coq.Finalement, nous étudions des techniques pour prouver des propriétés à propos de programmes avec effets. Nous commençons avec la vérification du système de blog ChickBlog écrit dans le langage des "calculs interactifs". Ce blog lance un fil d'exécution par client. Nous vérifions notre blog en utilisant une méthode de spécification par cas d'utilisation. Nous adaptons cette technique à la théorie des types en exprimant un cas d'utilisation comme un co-programme bien typé. Grâce à ce formalisme, nous pouvons présenter un cas d'utilisation comme un programme de test symbolique et le déboguer symboliquement, étape par étape, en utilisant le mode interactif de Coq. À notre connaissance, ceci représente la première telle adaptation de la spécification par cas d'utilisation en théorie des types. Nous pensons que la spécification formelle par cas d'utilisation est l'une des clés pour vérifier des programmes avec effets, sachant que la méthode des cas d'utilisation s'est avérée utile dans l'industrie pour exprimer des spécifications informelles. Nous étendons notre formalisme aux programmes concurrents et potentiellement non-terminants, avec le langage des "calculs concurrents". Nous concevons également un vérificateur de modèles pour vérifier l'absence d'interblocage dans un programme concurrent, en compilant la composition parallèle vers l'opérateur de choix non-déterministe
In this thesis, we develop new techniques to conveniently write formally verified programs. To proceed, we study the use of Coq as a programming language in different settings. Coq being a purely functional language, we mainly focus on the representation and on the specification of impure effects, like exceptions, mutable references, inputs-outputs, and concurrency.First, we work on two preliminary projects helping us to understand the challenges of programming in Coq. The first project, Cybele, is a Coq plugin to write efficient proofs by reflection with effects. We compile and execute the impure effects in OCaml to generate a prophecy, a kind of certificate, and then interpret the effects in Coq using the prophecy. The second project, the compiler CoqOfOCaml, imports OCaml programs with effects into Coq, using an effect inference system.Next, we describe different generic and composable representations of impure effects in Coq. The breakable computations combine the standard exceptions and mutable references effects, with a pause mechanism to make explicit the evaluation steps in order to represent the concurrent evaluation of two terms. By implementing the Pluto web server in Coq, we realize that the most important effects to program are the asynchronous inputs-outputs. Indeed, these effects are ubiquitous and cannot be encoded in a purely functional manner. Thus, we design the asynchronous computations as a first way to represent and compile programs with events and handlers in Coq.Then, we study techniques to prove properties about programs with effects. We start with the verification of the blog system ChickBlog written in the language of the interactive computations. This blog runs one worker with synchronous inputs-outputs per client. We verify our blog using the method of specification by use cases. We adapt this technique to type theory by expressing a use case as a well-typed co-program over the program we verify. Thanks to this formalism, we can present a use case as a symbolic test program and symbolically debug it, step by step, using the interactive proof mode of Coq. To our knowledge, this is the first such adaptation of the use case specifications in type theory. We believe that the formal specification by use cases is one of the keys to verify effectful programs, as the method of use cases proved to be convenient to express (informal) specifications in the software industry. We extend our formalism to concurrent and potentially non-terminating programs with the language of concurrent computations. Apart from the use case method, we design a model-checker to verify the deadlock freedom of concurrent computations, by compiling the parallel composition to the non-deterministic choice operator using the language of blocking computations
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Coq, Guilhelm. "Utilisation d'approches probabilistes basées sur les critères entropiques pour la recherche d'information sur supports multimédia." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Coq-Guilhelm/2008-Coq-Guilhelm-These.pdf.

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Les problèmes de sélection de modèles se posent couramment dans un grand nombre de domaines applicatifs tels que la compression de données ou le traitement du signal et de l’image. Un des outils les plus utilisés pour résoudre ces problèmes se présente sous la forme d’une quantité réelle à minimiser appelée critère d’information ou critère entropique pénalisé. La principale motivation de ce travail de thèse est de justifier l’utilisation d’un tel critère face à un problème de sélection de modèles typiquement issu d’un contexte de traitement du signal. La justification attendue se doit, elle, d’avoir un solide fondement mathématique. Nous abordons aussi le problème classique de la détermination de l’ordre d’une autorégression. La régression gaussienne, permettant de détecter les harmoniques principales d’un signal bruité, est également abordée. Pour ces problèmes, nous donnons un critère dont l’utilisation est justifiée par la minimisation du coût résultant de l’estimation obtenue. Les chaînes de Markov multiples modèlisent la plupart des signaux discrets, comme les séquences de lettres ou les niveaux de gris d’une image. Nous nous intéressons au problème de la détermination de l’ordre d’une telle chaîne. Dans la continuité de ce problème nous considérons celui, a priori éloigné, de l’estimation d’ une densité par un histogramme. Dans ces deux domaines, nous justifions l’ utilisation d’ un critère par des notions de codage auxquelles nous appliquons une forme simple du principe de « Minimum description Length ». Nous nous efforçons également, à travers ces différents domaines d’application, de présenter des méthodes alternatives d’ utilisation des critères d’ information. Ces méthodes, dites comparatives, présentent une complexité d’ utilisation moindre que les méthodes rencontrées habituellement, tout en permettant une description précise du modèle
Model selection problems appear frequently in a wide array of applicative domains such as data compression and signal or image processing. One of the most used tools to solve those problems is a real quantity to be minimized called information criterion or penalized likehood criterion. The principal purpose of this thesis is to justify the use of such a criterion responding to a given model selection problem, typically set in a signal processing context. The sought justification must have a strong mathematical background. To this end, we study the classical problem of the determination of the order of an autoregression. . We also work on Gaussian regression allowing to extract principal harmonics out of a noised signal. In those two settings we give a criterion the use of which is justified by the minimization of the cost resulting from the estimation. Multiple Markov chains modelize most of discrete signals such as letter sequences or grey scale images. We consider the determination of the order of such a chain. In the continuity we study the problem, a priori distant, of the estimation of an unknown density by an histogram. For those two domains, we justify the use of a criterion by coding notions to which we apply a simple form of the “Minimum Description Length” principle. Throughout those application domains, we present alternative methods of use of information criteria. Those methods, called comparative, present a smaller complexity of use than usual methods but allow nevertheless a precise description of the model
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Jakubiec, Line. "Vérification de circuits dans Coq." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11030.

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La verification formelle de circuits integres garantit de facon rigoureuse leur fiabilite. Pour ce faire, les assistants de preuve sont de plus en plus utilises. Le systeme coq, base sur le calcul des constructions inductives avec types co-inductifs, presente des particularites interessantes et originales. Nous etudions ce que ce systeme peut apporter dans le domaine de la specification et de la verification de circuits. Apres avoir montre l'interet des types dependants pour donner des specifications de circuits precises et donc fiables, nous utilisons le mecanisme d'extraction coq pour synthetiser un circuit correct par construction. Nous illustrons ces aspects sur des circuits combinatoires dont l'architecture est lineaire et nous etudions sur cet exemple les diverses strategies de preuve qu'offre coq. Notre etude porte ensuite sur les circuits sequentiels synchrones specifies a l'aide de types co-inductifs. Ces types permettent de definir en coq des objets infinis comme les streams. Les structures et les comportements des circuits sont modelises de facon uniforme par des automates, eux-memes caracterises par des fonctions co-recursives sur les streams. Notre approche est hierarchique et modulaire et repose sur un lemme general qui exprime une equivalence entre deux streams issues respectivement de deux automates. Ce lemme prend en compte l'essentiel de l'aspect temporel de nos preuves de correction. Nous appliquons ensuite cette methodologie a un circuit reel, le fairisle atm switch element.
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Dietz, Stephanie Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] [Krekel, and Volker [Gutachter] Schaible. "Malen mit Glas – Studien zur Maltechnik von Hans Holbein d.Ä. / Stephanie Dietz ; Gutachter: Christoph Krekel, Volker Schaible ; Betreuer: Christoph Krekel." Köln : Bibliothek der Technischen Hochschule Köln, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-cos4-3242.

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Dietz, Stephanie Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] [Krekel, Christoph [Gutachter] Krekel, and Volker [Gutachter] Schaible. "Malen mit Glas - Studien zur Maltechnik von Hans Holbein d.Ä. / Stephanie Dietz ; Gutachter: Christoph Krekel, Volker Schaible ; Betreuer: Christoph Krekel ; Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart." Köln : Bibliothek der Technischen Hochschule Köln, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-cos4-7678.

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Vinogradova, Polina. "Formalizing Abstract Computability: Turing Categories in Coq." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36354.

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The concept of a recursive function has been extensively studied using traditional tools of computability theory. However, with the development of category-theoretic methods it has become possible to study recursion in a more general (abstract) sense. The particular model this thesis is structured around is known as a Turing category. The structure within a Turing category models the notion of partiality as well as recursive computation, and equips us with the tools of category theory to study these concepts. The goal of this work is to build a formal language description of this computation model. Specifically, to use the Coq proof assistant to formulate informal definitions, propositions and proofs pertaining to Turing categories in the underlying formal language of Coq, the Calculus of Co-inductive Constructions (CIC). Furthermore, we have instantiated the more general Turing category formalism with a CIC description of the category which models the language of partial recursive functions exactly.
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Ledovskaya, Yulia. "Marketing plan for Le Coq Sportif Russia." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11904.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
I am going to take the position of the Head Office in France and look at the Russian business performance as a part of the global business. Results of several researches indicate a clear picture of the challenges on the Russian market, as low awareness of the brand, low penetration of the brand and complexity with the marketing mix implementation due to wide differences in terms of behavior, overall environment in the cities and climate between Russian cites. This marketing plan intends to face those challenges and create a sustainable and profitable business in the Russian market.
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Glondu, Stéphane. "Vers une certification de l'extraction de coq." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077089.

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L'assistant de preuve Coq permet de s'assurer mécaniquement de la correction de chaque étape de raisonnement dans une preuve. Ce système peut également servir au développement de programmes certifiés. En effet, Coq utilise en interne un langage typé dérivé du lambda-calcul, le calcul des constructions inductives (CIC). Ce langage est directement utilisable pour programmer, et un mécanisme, l'extraction, permet de traduire les programmes CIC vers des langages à plus large audience tels qu'OCaml, Haskell ou Scheme. L'extraction n'est pas un simple changement de syntaxe: CIC dispose d'un système de types très riche, mais en contrepartie, des entités purement logiques peuvent apparaître dans les programmes et impacter leurs performances. L'extraction se charge également d'effacer ces parties logiques. Dans cette thèse, nous nous attaquons à la certification de l'extraction elle-même. Nous avons prouvé sa correction dans le cadre d'une formalisation entière de Coq en Coq. Cette formalisation ne correspond pas exactement au CIC implanté dans Coq, mais nous avons tout de même réalisé notre étude avec l'implantation concrète de Coq en tête. Nous proposons également une nouvelle méthode de certification des programmes extraits, dans le cadre concret du système Coq existant
The Coq proof assistant mechanically checks the consistency of the logical reasoning in a proof. It can also be used to develop certified programs. Indeed, Coq uses intemally a typed language derived from lambda-calculus, the calculus of inductive constructions (CIC). This language can be directl; used by a programmer, and a procedure, extraction, allows one to translate CIC programs into more widely used languages such as OCaml, Haskell or Scheme. Extraction is not a mere syntax change: the type System of CIC is very rich, but purely logical entities can appear inside programs, impacting their performance. Extraction erases these logical artefacts as well. In this thesis, we tackle certification of the extraction itself. We have proved its correction in the context of a full formalization of Coq in Coq. Even though this formalization is not exactly Coq, we worked on it with the concrete implementation of Coq in mind. We also propose a new way to certify extracted programs, in the concrete setting of the existing Coq System
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Books on the topic "COQ4"

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Lemirre, Élisabeth. Coqs en contes. Arles: Éditions Philippe Picquier, 2005.

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Bergeron, Alain M. Coq Académie. Terrebonne, Québec: Boomerang éditeur jeunesse, 2014.

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Sarraute, Claude. Maman coq. [Paris]: J'ai Lu, 1989.

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Gélinas, Gratien. Tit-Coq. [Montréal]: Leméac, 1987.

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Brancusi, Constantin. Le coq. Paris: Centre Georges Pompidou, 1990.

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Guillou, Jan. Coq Rouge. Stockholm, Sweden: Norstedt, 1987.

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Laurène, Petit, ed. Le coq. Paris: Créalivres, 1986.

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Saint-Hilaire, Paul de. Le coq. Paris: Philippe Lebaud, 1995.

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Papa coq. Paris: Ecole des loisirs, 2007.

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Rudder, Orlando de. Tout crus, les coqs. [Paris]: Balland, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "COQ4"

1

Caron, Jean. "Cognitive psychology." In Handbook of Pragmatics, 185–94. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hop.m2.cog4.

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Clift, Rebecca, Paul Drew, and Ian Hutchby. "Conversation analysis." In Handbook of Pragmatics, 374–86. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hop.m2.con4.

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Clift, Rebecca, Paul Drew, and Ian Hutchby. "Conversation analysis." In Handbook of Pragmatics, 1–17. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hop.10.con4.

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Vandepitte, Sonia, and Gert De Sutter. "Contrastive Linguistics and Translation Studies." In Handbook of Translation Studies, 36–41. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hts.4.con4.

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Théry, Laurent, Pierre Letouzey, and Georges Gonthier. "Coq." In The Seventeen Provers of the World, 28–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11542384_6.

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Maksimović, Petar, and Alan Schmitt. "HOCore in Coq." In Interactive Theorem Proving, 278–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22102-1_19.

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Freire Nistal, José L., José E. Freire Brañas, Antonio Blanco Ferro, and Juan J. Sánchez Penas. "Fusion in Coq." In Computer Aided Systems Theory — EUROCAST 2001, 583–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45654-6_45.

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Strub, Pierre-Yves. "Coq Modulo Theory." In Computer Science Logic, 529–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15205-4_40.

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Dowek, Gilles. "From the Universality of Mathematical Truth to the Interoperability of Proof Systems." In Automated Reasoning, 8–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10769-6_2.

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AbstractThe development of computerized proof systems, such as Coq, Matita, Agda, Lean, HOL 4, HOL Light, Isabelle/HOL, Mizar, etc. is a major step forward in the never ending quest of mathematical rigor.
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Horvath, Rita, and Anne Lombès. "Riboflavin and CoQ Disorders." In Physician's Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, 233–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40337-8_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "COQ4"

1

Kennedy, Andrew, Nick Benton, Jonas B. Jensen, and Pierre-Evariste Dagand. "Coq." In the 15th Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2505879.2505897.

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Vicente, Carlos, Raquel Olvido Lomas, Laura Montserrat López, Diego Muñoz, José Javier Blanco, and Alejandro Repiso. "PRÓTESIS ESOFÁGICAS METÁLICAS CUBIERTAS VS PROTESIS DE APOSICIÓN LUMINAL EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE ESTENOSIS REFRACTARIAS BENIGNAS." In 44 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2022.co34.

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Sanchez, Laura, Francisco Javier García, Esteban Fuentes, Maria Reyes Busta, José Estradas, Carlos de la Serna, Ramón Sánchez-Ocaña, and Manuel Pérez-Miranda. "DRENAJE GUIADO POR ECOENDOSCOPIA EN LA DOBLE OBSTRUCCIÓN BILIAR Y AL VACIAMIENTO GÁSTRICO DE ETIOLOGÍA MALIGNA." In 44 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2022.co04.

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Fernández-Esparrach, Glòria, Alejandra Garrido, Roberto Sont, Luz María Neira, Krzysztof Flisikowski, Henry Córdova, Joel Troya, Josep Sanahuja, Alexander Meining, and Marta Guardiola. "NUEVO CONCEPTO DE COLONOSCOPIA ASISTIDA POR UN ACCESORIO BASADO EN MICROONDAS: ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD EN MODELO PORCINO VIVO." In 44 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2022.co14.

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Da Fieno, Angella, Henry Córdova, Eva Barreiro, Edgar Castillo-Regalado, Joaquin Cubiella, Pedro Delgado-Guillena, Pilar Diez, et al. "APLICABILIDAD DE LA ESCALA BARCELONA PARA VALORAR LA LIMPIEZA DE LA ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVA ALTA DE CALIDAD." In 44 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2022.co24.

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Muñoz, Raquel, Jaime Escobar, Edgar Fernández, Juan Francisco Prieto, Elena Resina, Alberto Ezquerra, Celia Gómez, Cecilio Santander, and Pablo Miranda. "EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE LA RESECCIÓN MUCOSA ENDOSCÓPICA EN LESIONES CÓLICAS COMPLEJAS: ¿SON REPRODUCIBLES LOS RESULTADOS DE LOS GRUPOS LÍDERES?" In 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2021.co34.

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Muñoz, Roser, Luis Compañy, Francisco Ruiz, Andrés Rodríguez, Lucía Guilabert, Lucía Medina, Juan Martínez, Belén Martínez, Carolina Mangas, and José Ramón Aparicio. "Enteroscopia espiral motorizada: experiencia en la Unidad de Endoscopias del Hospital General Universitario de Alicante." In 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2021.co14.

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Gimeno, Antonio Zebenzuy, Domingo Hernandez, Jose Luis Baute, David Nicolás, Eduardo Rodriguez, Manuel Hernández, Alejandro Jimenez, Marco A. Navarro, and Onofre Alarcón. "Concordancia entre la percepción de limpieza colónica referida por los pacientes y la limpieza colónica evaluada mediante una escala de limpieza validada." In 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2021.co24.

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Velásquez, Julio, Francesc Bas, Enrique Vazquez, José M. Esteban, Álvaro Terán, Ferrán Gonzalez, Manuel Perez, et al. "ESTUDIO ALEATORIZADO MULTICÉNTRICO COMPARATIVO ENTRE PRÓTESIS PLÁSTICAS VS METÁLICAS EN EL DRENAJE ENDOSCÓPICO DE NECROSIS PANCREÁTICAS ENCAPSULADAS (ENSAYO CLÍNICO PROMETHEUS)." In 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2021.co04.

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Lenglet, Sergueï, and Alan Schmitt. "HOπ in Coq." In CPP '18: Certified Proofs and Programs. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3167083.

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Reports on the topic "COQ4"

1

Wolfe, Michael D. Development of the 'City of Quality (Coq)' Group Decision Support System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226744.

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Lee, Samkeun, and John Cooper. Highly Reduced Carbene Complexes: Formation of an Alkoxymalonate by Coupling of Carbon Dioxide with the Nucleophilic Carbene in (Cr(CO4)=C(OMe)PH)2-. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada215132.

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Hansen, Peter J., Zvi Roth, and Jeremy J. Block. Improving oocyte competence in dairy cows exposed to heat stress. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598163.bard.

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Original Objectives. The overall goal is to develop methods to increase pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress through methods that minimize damage to the oocyte and embryo caused by heat stress. Objectives were as follows: (1) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) test whether melatonin feeding can improve developmental competence of oocytes in vivo and, if so, whether effects are limited to the summer or also occur in the absence of heat stress; and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of improving fertility by facilitating follicular turnover in the summer and winter. Revised Objectives. (1) Examine protective effects of melatonin and follicular fluid on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of embryos exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (3) evaluate effectiveness of improving fertility by administering human chorionicgonadotropin (hCG) to increase circulating concentrations of progesterone and evaluate whether response to hCG depends upon genotype for four mutations reported to be related to cow fertility; and (4) identify genes with allelic variants that increase resistance of embryos to heat shock. Background. The overall hypothesis is that pregnancy success is reduced by heat stress because of damage to the oocyte and cleavage-stage embryo mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that fertility can be improved by provision of antioxidants or by removing follicles containing oocytes damaged by heat stress. During the study, additional evidence from the literature indicated the potential importance of treatment with chorionicgonadotropin to increase fertility of heat- stressed cows and results from other studies in our laboratories implicated genotype as an important determinant of cow fertility. Thus, the project was expanded to evaluate hCG treatment and to identify whether fertility response to hCG depended upon single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes implicated as important for cow fertility. We also evaluated whether a SNP in a gene important for cellular resistance to heat stress (HSPA1L, a member of the heat shock protein 70 family) is important for embryonic resistance to elevated temperature. Major conclusions, solutions & achievements. Results confirmed that elevated temperature increases ROS production by the oocyte and embryo and that melatonin decreases ROS. Melatonin reduced, but did not completely block, damaging effects of heat shock on the oocyte and had no effect on development of the embryo. Melatonin was protective to the oocyte at 0.1-1 μM, a concentration too high to be achieved in cows. It was concluded that melatonin is unlikely to be a useful molecule for increasing fertility of heat-stressed cows. Treatment with hCG at day 5 after breeding increased first-service pregnancy rate for primiparous cows but not for multiparous cows. Thus, hCG could be useful for increasing fertility in first-parity cows. The effectiveness of hCG depended upon genotype for a SNP in COQ9, a gene encoding for a mitochondrial-function protein. This result points the way to future efforts to use genetic information to identify populations of cows for which hormone treatments will be effective or ineffective. The SNP in HSPA1L was related to embryonic survival after heat shock. Perhaps, genetic selection for mutations that increase cellular resistance to heat shock could be employed to reduce effects of heat stress on fertility. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. This project has resulted in abandonment of one possible approach to improve fertility of the heat-stressed cow (melatonin therapy) while also leading to a method for improving fertility of primiparous cows exposed to heat stress (hCG treatment) that can be implemented on farms today. Genetic studies have pointed the way to using genetic information to 1) tailor hormonal treatments to cow populations likely to respond favorably and 2) select animals whose embryos have superior resistance to elevated body temperatures.
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