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1
Mosseler, A., J. E. Major, and D. McPhee. "Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) biomass production on a former coal mine site: positive effects of coppicing on rapid recovery of growth and yield." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49, no. 9 (September 2019): 1060–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0062.
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Ten-year-old bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) saplings established on the exposed, infertile, treeless barrens of a former coal mine site in New Brunswick, Canada, were harvested to assess the effects of subsequent coppicing on regrowth parameters and biomass production. Two years after harvesting, coppice height growth exceeded that of the original 10-year-old saplings by 20%. Mean stem numbers were 1.2 and 6.7 for 10-year-old and coppiced trees, respectively. Mean dry mass recovered after 2 years with 214, 112, and 207 g for 10-year-old saplings and the 1- and 2-year-old coppices, respectively. Site quality of the broken shale rock overburden was similar across four of the five sites, with the exception that one site had twice the soil nitrogen (N) at 0.123% than the other four site types, which had an average of 0.064% N. This high N site had 2.3-fold the productivity of the mean for the other four sites. Mean coppice stem height showed the strongest predictive relationship to total coppice dry mass when compared with the greatest stem height, greatest or mean stem basal diameter, or coppice stem number. The most dramatic result of this bur oak coppicing experiment was the rapid recovery of height growth, biomass production, and observable stem quality within coppices over the 2-year period following harvesting of the original, 10-year-old saplings.
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Buček, Antonín, Linda Černušáková, Michal Friedl, Martin Machala, and Petr Maděra. "Ancient Coppice Woodlands in the Landscape of the Czech Republic." European Countryside 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 617–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0036.
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Abstract Ancient coppice woodlands are forest stands of coppice origin with a long-term continual development and preserved typical natural and historic elements of old coppices. Significant natural elements in ancient coppices include polycormons of coppice shoots, pollard trees, trees with holes, dendrotelms, reserved trees, ecotones, glades and significant plant and animal species. Significant historic elements of localities with ancient coppices include archaeological monuments, boundary ditches and walls, boundary stones, boundary trees, myths and legends, sacral objects, old roads and paths, technical objects and plough land remainders. The paper presents differentiation of assumptions for the occurrence of ancient coppices in the territory of the Czech Republic using the COPF coefficient and examples of results from basic regional inventory (Kuřim region) and detailed local survey (locality Lebeďák) of coppice-originated forests. The extinction of the phenomenon of ancient coppice woodlands would mean irreparable impoverishment of the natural and cultural heritage.
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Kneifl, Michal, Jan Kadavý, Robert Knott, Zdeněk Adamec, and Karel Drápela. "An Inventory of Tree and Stand Growth Empirical Modelling Approaches with Potential Application in Coppice Forestry (a Review)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 5 (2015): 1789–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563051789.
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We examined currently available empirical growth models which could be potentially applicable to coppice growth and production modelling. We compiled a summary of empirical models applied in coppices, high forests and fast-growing tree plantations, including coppice plantations. The collected growth models were analysed in order to find out whether they encompassed any of 13 key dendrometric and structural variables that we found as characteristic for coppices. There is no currently available complex growth model for coppices in Europe. Furthermore, many aspects of coppice growth process have been totally ignored or omitted in the most common modelling approaches so far. Within-stool competition, mortality and stool morphological variability are the most important parameters. However, some individual empirical submodels or their parts are potentially applicable for coppice growth and production modelling (e. g. diameter increment model or model of resprouting probability). As the issue of coppice management gains attention, the need for a decision support tool (e.g. coppice growth simulator) becomes more actual.
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Özden Keleş, Seray. "Variation in morphological and wood cell traits in coppice stems of Populus nigra L. and Salix alba L." Journal of Forest Science 67, No. 8 (August 6, 2021): 396–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/208/2020-jfs.
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Coppice management is an ecologically important silvicultural practice to provide the quicker and higher potential of wood biomass production for industrial demands. Understanding morphological and anatomical responses of coppiced trees could help to determine the quantity and quality of wood and thus provide better management of coppiced tree plantations for short-time biomass production. However, there is a little investigation in morphological and anatomical adaptation in different fast-growing tree species. The present study, therefore, studied how morphology and anatomy vary between two fast-growing coppices of Populus nigra L. (black poplar) and Salix alba L. (white willow). Each coppiced tree was grown in a similar habitat and was at a similar age. However, each coppiced tree showed different morphological and anatomical plasticity in their stems in response to environmental factors. Poplar coppices showed better anatomical properties due to greater vessel diameter, fibre length, fibre width, fibre wall thickness, and ray height; however willow coppices had better morphological plasticity which had higher average stem height and ring width. The results suggest that willow coppices had the greater height growth potential even at 2 years of age than poplar coppices.
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Soltani, Ali, Hamdollah Sadeghi Kaji, and Saleh Kahyani. "Effects of different land-use systems (grazing and understory cultivation) on growth and yield of semi-arid oak coppices." Journal of Forestry Research 31, no. 6 (October 30, 2019): 2235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01063-z.
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Abstract The present study examines the extent of negative effects of traditional multiple land-use systems on oak coppices, from a forest management point of view. The study area was located in approximately 10,000 ha of hilly Brant’s oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) woodlands in the central Zagros Mountains. In the same site-quality class, three land-use systems were compared: simple coppice (Co), coppice in conjunction with small ruminant grazing (CoG), and coppice with understory rain-fed wheat cultivation plus grazing (CoCG). Data on total wood volume of trunk and major branches, and annual ring growth, were collected and analyzed from 74 stands in 15 coppiced woodland patches. The results showed the advantage of Co over CoG and CoCG land-uses by 43 and 60 m3 of mean accumulated wood volume per hectare, respectively. The diameter growth analysis also revealed an annual increase in wood production of trees in Co land-uses over 43 years, with an exception of the recent decade, when growth coincided with a severe drought. Using a back-extrapolation method, the minimum rotation age of woodlands in Co land-use was found to be 23.6 years, 5 and 7 years shorter than those of CoG and CoCG land-uses, respectively. Unlike CoCG, woodlands located in Co and CoG land-use systems demonstrated a high level of agreement with self-thinning rule of − 3/2. Values for the stand density index for coppiced oak woodlands were between more than 1000 for the least disturbed (Co) and less than 400 for the most disturbed woodlands (CoCG). The structure and growth rate of the coppiced oak woodlands were irreversibly disrupted by understory tillage plus grazing and in less extent by grazing alone. It was concluded that ending undergrowth cultivation in semi-arid oak coppices should be addressed as a priority by adopting minimum regulations.
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Steinbauer, MJ, A. R. Clarke, and S. C. Paterson. "Changes in eucalypt architecture and the foraging behaviour and development ofAmorbus obscuricornis(Hemiptera: Coreidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 6 (December 1998): 641–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300054316.
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AbstractField surveys, manipulative field experiments and laboratory studies were employed to study the behaviour and development of a large coreid,Amorbus obscuricornis(Westwood), in response to changes in the architecture/foliar quality ofEucalyptus(Myrtaceae) hosts in Tasmania, Australia. Following tree decapitation and subsequent regrowth,A. obscuricornisnymphs were only associated with coppiced hosts. Eucalypts coppiced naturally by wild fire were found to carry significantly more nymphs than non-coppiced conspecific hosts. In contrast, adultA. obscuricorniswere found on both coppiced and non-coppiced hosts. The foliar quality of coppiced hosts was superior to that of non-coppiced hosts; being softer, having a higher moisture content and a lower C/N ratio. Field collected fifth instar nymphs were heavier when collected from coppice vs. noncoppice; but in bagged shoot experiments second instar nymphs gained less weight on coppice than non-coppice. It is suggested that because coppice is softer the shoots may deteriorate (i.e. wilt) more quickly than non-coppice shoots. Through different exposure regimes, it was confirmed that first instar nymphs need only water to ecdyse, while feeding is initiated in the second instar. Differences in the nutritional requirements of first and second instar nymphs were reflected in their behaviour. First instar nymphs did not discriminate between conspecific hosts on the basis of whether they were coppiced or not, whereas second instar nymphs preferentially chose coppiced conspecific hosts. The findings of this work are discussed in the context of the plant vigour and resource regulation hypotheses.
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Kadavý, J., M. Kneifl, and R. Knott. "Establishment and selected characteristics of the Hády coppice and coppice-with-standards forest research plot (TARMAG I)." Journal of Forest Science 57, No. 10 (October 17, 2011): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3233-jfs.
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The paper deals with the establishment of the coppice and coppice-with-standards research object under the project Biodiversity and Target Management of Endangered and Protected Species in Coppices and Coppices-with-Standards Included in the System of NATURA 2000. It summarizes reasoning which preceded the selection of the site and provides a detailed description of the methodology of experimental site establishment. It specifies the rules of felling which was planned with the objective to simulate the impact of coppice and coppice-with-standards on biodiversity of endangered and protected species. It also describes the stand condition prior to and after the implemented felling, with additional emphasis on coppice-with-standards. Individual felling variants which were implemented were characterized by varying felling intensity. Close attention is paid to the evaluation of standards which is expressed by a system of score classes.
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Pegoraro, Rodinei F., Ivo R. Silva, Ivan F. Souza, Roberto F. Novais, Nairam F. Barros, and Sebastião Fonseca. "Carbon Accumulation and Partitioning Above and Belowground under Coppiced and Replanted Eucalypt Plantations." Forest Science 68, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxab058.
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Abstract The extent to which the C sink strength of eucalypt plantations can be affected by coppicing or replanting remains unclear. To address this issue, we evaluated variations in C stocks under coppiced or replanted eucalypt stands formed by clones or seedlings. For each field assessment (0 [T0], 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 7.0 years [at harvest]), tree biomass, litterfall, and soil C stocks (0–120 cm depth) were determined. At harvest, debarked stemwood productivity was similar under coppice or replanting, about 50.0 Mg C ha–1. Generally, coppiced stands favored subsoil C storage (40–100 cm), whereas replanted stands favored soil C accrual in topsoil (0–20 cm), depending on the genetic material. Relative to T0, soil C increased about 2.14, 1.91, and 1.84 Mg C ha–1 yr–1 under coppice, replanting with seedlings and clones, respectively. Coarse root biomass under these stands were about 17.3, 13.4, and 9.5 Mg C ha–1, respectively, equivalent to 50% of total harvest residues. Hence, inputs from coarse roots could represent a large contribution to soil C over multiple rotations under coppiced or replanted stands. Otherwise, short-term C losses can be high where stumps and coarse roots are harvested, especially following successive coppice cycles. Study Implications: Our findings have important implications for forest managers growing eucalypt plantations aiming to maximize C accumulation. Both coppiced and replanted stands can fix up to 50 Mg C ha−1 only in debarked stemwood over 7 years, with a comparatively higher C storage in coarse roots under coppice. Despite the increasing demand for forest residues in bioenergy production, harvesting stumps and coarse roots should be avoided, especially upon replanting eucalypt stands after successive coppice cycles.
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Utinek, D. "Conversions of coppices to a coppice-with-standards in Urban Forests of Moravský Krumlov." Journal of Forest Science 50, No. 1 (January 11, 2012): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4599-jfs.
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Conversions of oak coppices were many times carried out only by renaming to false high forests. The paper presents a method of the conversion of overmature coppices to a coppice-with-standards implementation of which was started in urban forests of Moravský Krumlov. The method is inspired by Nanquett’s method and conversions by J. Wiehl. The objective is to manage according to selection principles in a coppice-with-standards. In experimental plots established in 1999, the increment of standards and the development of natural regeneration of sessile oak were monitored in particular.
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Gessesse, Abrham Tezera, Hailie Shiferaw Wolle, Tesfaye T/haymanot Gezahegn, Mesafint Minale Frnta, and Abeje Tedila Admkie. "Study on Coppice Management of Acacia Nilotica Tree for better Woody Biomass Production." Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v2i2.395.
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Over 90% of the energy consumed in the country depends on woody biomass. The rising demand for tree products and expanding population pressure resulted in decline of forest cover and consequently the demand for tree products exceeded the supply. This study was conducted at Armania Kebele with the aim of to evaluate different cutting time and management practices yielding more wood biomass volume. One indigenous tree species, preferable by the farmers, namely Acacia nilotica was selected and the experiment design in 3x4 factorial experiment with randomized complete block design arrangement and replicated three wise. Eight trees per plot were planted in two rows with 2 meter spacing. The result shows that, Acacia nilotica could be coppiced well with 13 to 29 numbers of coppices per stump at all stages of cutting time. Root collar diameter and plant height were highly correlated with growth period. Hence, Leaving of two and three number of coppices could give higher woody biomass volumes as compare to leaving one and all number of coppices and control (uncut). Therefore, it is necessary that farmers should allow two and three number coppice per stump to get high woody biomass volume for fuel-wood consumption.
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Whittock, S. P., L. A. Apiolaza, C. M. Kelly, and B. M. Potts. "Genetic control of coppice and lignotuber development in Eucalyptus globulus." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 1 (2003): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02049.
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The economics of short-rotation pulpwood plantations of Eucalyptus globulus as a coppice crop are influenced by stump survival and subsequent coppice growth rates. This study revealed significant genetic diversity in coppicing traits, both within and between subraces, following felling in a progeny trial after 9 years of growth. A total of 67% of trees coppiced after 14 months, but subraces varied from 43 to 73%. Heritabilities for coppice success (0.07) and subsequent growth (0.16–0.17) were low but statistically significant. Strong genetic correlation between presence/absence of coppice, the number of stems coppicing from the stump and modal coppice height, indicate that selection is possible by using the binary trait. The ability of a tree to coppice was genetically correlated with tree growth prior to felling (rg = 0.61) and with nursery-grown seedling traits, where large genetic differences were observed in the development of lignotubers. Coppicing was genetically correlated with the number of nodes with lignotubers (rg = 0.66) and seedling stem diameter at the cotyledonary node (rg = 0.91). These traits were uncorrelated with later age growth and with each other. The results suggest that coppicing is influenced by three independent mechanisms—lignotuber development, enlargement of the seedling stem at the cotyledonary node and vigorous growth—which enhance ability to survive catastrophic damage, and indicate that both lignotuber and coppice development can be altered by both natural and artificial selection.
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Kadavý, Jan, Zdeněk Adamec, Barbora Uherková, Michal Kneifl, Robert Knott, Aleš Kučera, Michal Friedl, Eva Dařenová, Jiří Skládanka, and Karel Drápela. "Growth Response of Sessile Oak and European Hornbeam to Traditional Coppice-with-Standards Management." Forests 10, no. 6 (June 19, 2019): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10060515.
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Research Highlights: The influence of litter raking and livestock grazing on the development of juvenile sessile oak and European hornbeam sprouts as well as on sessile oak standards were studied. Such experiments are very rare, especially in central Europe where these activities have been prohibited for several decades. Little is known on how these ancient management activities affect tree growth. Background and Objectives: Traditional management practices in coppice forests such as grazing and litter raking have been abandoned, but have recently been studied as to whether these practices can substantially contribute to an increase in the species diversity of coppices. The important question is, however, how these practices influence the growth of coppice-with-standards. Therefore, this study focused on the effect of grazing, litter raking, and their combination on both sprouts and adult trees in a coppice-with-standards system one year after harvest. Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out in the area of the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny, Czech Republic, in a forest stand dominated by sessile oak and European hornbeam. We analyzed 132 oak polycormons, 132 hornbeam polycormons, and 163 oak standards. Results: The number of sprouts per stump was affected by the stump size and management practice: (A) coppice-with-standards, litter raking, and sheep grazing; (B) coppice-with-standards and sheep grazing; (C) coppice-with-standards and litter raking; and (D) coppice-with-standards), but not by tree species. The number of the sprouts as well as their height increased with the stump size. In contrast, grazing resulted in a smaller height of the sprouts while thinner sprouts were found under a combination of grazing and raking. When comparing the species, the oak sprouts were higher and thicker when compared to the hornbeam sprouts. The increment of standards increased after stand harvest. This, however, was not the result of grazing or raking, but the response to the reduction of tree number and thus of competition between neighboring trees. Conclusions: The results showed that there were rather negative impacts from the implemented traditional management practices on the growth of sprouts. This may lead to the question of whether ecological diversity resulting from the traditional practices may prevail their negative effect on the growth of the coppices.
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Little, Keith M., and Robin AW Gardner. "Coppicing ability of 20 Eucalyptus species grown at two high-altitude sites in South Africa." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-170.
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In the 1980s, Eucalyptus macarthurii and E. nitens were planted in the colder, higher altitude areas of South Africa to meet the increased demand for pulpwood. To find possible alternatives, six site × species interaction trials were planted in 19901991. Based on volume performance and pulping properties, E. badjensis, E. benthamii, E. oreades, E. nobilis, E. smithii, and E. fraxinoides were identified as having good commercial potential. Although the performance of the parent crop is important, the ability to coppice is advantageous because of lower reestablishment costs. To determine this, the ability for these species to coppice was assessed at 10 months after felling at two of the trial sites with widely different growing conditions (Broadholms in Mpumalanga province and Draycott in KwaZulu-Natal province). More than 80% of the living stumps of E. benthamii, E. smithii, E. quadrangulata, E. macarthurii, E. badjensis, E. dunnii, E. cypellocarpa, E. saligna, and E. elata had coppiced at both sites. At Draycott, an exposed, dry site, both E. smithii and E. benthamii could be considered as potential alternative species to E. nitens, because besides having good volume, both species coppiced well. At Broadholms, a more protected and slightly wetter site, the significantly better volume of E. fraxinoides (which did not coppice well) when compared with the other species would mean that a substantial saving in reestablishment costs via coppice regeneration would have to be made before one could consider this method of reestablishment.
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Trajkov, Pande, Tomislav Dubravac, Zdravko Trajanov, Kiril Sotirovski, Ljupco Nestororvski, and Vladimir Tanovski. "Coppice Forest Management Planning and the Regeneration Potential of Pure and Mixed Oak Coppice Forests in North Macedonia." South-east European forestry 10, no. 2 (November 3, 2019): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15177/seefor.19-20.
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Background and Purpose: Coppicing is the most widely used silvicultural system in North Macedonia and coppice forests together with shrubs cover cca. 69% of the forest cover area. Pure and mixed stands of oak coppice forests alone cover about 50% of the total forest area subject to current Forest Management Plans. In general, coppices are routinely managed, especially when coppicing as a system is planned to be continued. However, sustainability can be threatened if attention is not paid regarding the age of trees/stands and the presence of undesired tree species. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) quantitative and qualitative aspects of planned management activities in oak coppices throughout the country, (2) the resprouting potential of over-mature oak coppices, and (3) their potential for generative regeneration. Materials and Methods : We analyzed all official forest management plans in the country, in order to assess planned activities and the methods of management. Additionally, 21 experimental plots were set in order to determine the resprouting potential of over-mature (85 to 95 years) coppices of Quercus petraea and Q. frainneto which previously have been subject of clear-cutting. We took a total count of sprouts on all experimental plots, while generative regeneration seedlings were counted on 4 schematically positioned subplots in each experimental plot. Sprouts and generative seedlings were categorized by height. Results and Conclusions: According to the data from forest management plans, coppicing is planned to remain as a management system on 401,636 ha, of the total of 450,975 ha of oak coppice forests. Indirect conversion to high forests is planned on 39,137 ha, while direct conversion with substitution is planned for 10,202 ha. In field trials, resprouting was registered on only 38% of the stools. Generative regeneration was recorded in both oak species in numbers which indicate good potential for conversion of oak coppice stands into high forests by seed felling. However, numerous sprouts of other species ( Corylus avellana, Fraxinus ornus, Acer heldreichii), which reach up to 3 meters in height within two seasons, are potentially dangerous for dominating oak seedlings.
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Mosseler, A., L. Zsuffa, M. U. Stoehr, and W. A. Kenney. "Variation in biomass production, moisture content, and specific gravity in some North American willows (Salix L.)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 1535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-235.
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Biomass production and quality in seedlings and coppices of Salixamygdaloides Anderss., S. eriocephala Michx., S. exigua Nutt., and S. lucida Muhl. were investigated in a full-sib family test. Between 65 and 77% of the variation in plant biomass was due to species, while less than 5% was due to families. Approximately 39% of the variation in moisture content and 37% of the variation in specific gravity was due to species differences, while only 3 and 14%, respectively, was due to families. Salixeriocephala produced the highest yields, with an average 1-year coppice production of almost 1 kg/plant (dry matter) and had the lowest moisture content and highest specific gravity of the four species. There was a strong positive correlation between seedling and coppice productivity for all species, with S. eriocephala and S. lucida producing the most vigorous regrowth from coppice.
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Ott, Ernst, Fabrizio Conceprio, and Andrea Pedrini. "Diradamenti di cedui castanili invecchiati - risultati di due parcelle sperimentali (1975–1997) a Novaggio, Ticino | Study of the Problem of Thinning Ageing Chestnut Coppice Forest over 25-Years-Old: Findings from Two Study Areas near Novaggio, in the Canton of Ticino (1975–1997)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0043.
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A study was undertaken to determine the extent to which practical and scientific results of a study in the Swiss Central plateau can be applied to the chestnut coppice to the south of the Alps in Switzerland. The Central plateau study was carried out using selective thinning in former coppice with standards and seedling forests. The neglect of the chestnut coppices which occurred during the early 1970s made this a topical issue at the time. With this in mind, our experiment was primarily aimed at answering the following question: Can selective thinning contribute to the long-term transformation of these chestnut coppices, and eventually bring about natural regeneration through seedlings? Particular interest was paid to the effect it has on improving timber production,timber quality, vitality, and species mixture. Two stands were selected for the study: these were sufficiently large to produce valid results, and had as homogeneous a structure as possible. One was a typical stand of chestnut coppice forest; the other contained chestnut coppice but also had a high proportion of Turkey oak and pedunculate oak. Two sub-plots of 50 ares were marked out on each stand; selective thinning was carried out on one sub-plot, the other was left untouched. In 1975, the condition of the four sub-plots was surveyed in great detail. All trees with a DBH of over 8 cm were permanently numbered, measured with calipers, and classified on the basis of the IUFRO system. The trees selected for culling in the two relevant sub-plots were then marked. In 1976, these trees were felled as planned. A second survey was conducted in 1980 and a final one carried out in 1996/97. Our findings largely match and confirm the practical experience gained over the last 20 years when thinning ageing chestnut coppice on dry sites, including those with an intermixture of Turkey and pedunculate oak. Coppice forests over the age of 25 were unable to replenish the loss of timber reserves by thinning. Both their growth and ability to react diminish greatly with age. As strongly light-demanding trees, the chestnuts and oaks in the saw-timber stage are unable to sufficiently regenerate their crowns once these are reduced by too great an extent through pressure from competing trees. Altogether, these findings match our practical observations and experiences. Thinning techniques used on sites to the north of the Alps cannot be applied to the chestnut coppice forests in dry sites to the south. We can conclude that the technique used in this study will not significantly improve the condition of chestnut coppice forests in dry sites to the south of the Alps.
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Battisti, Corrado, and Francesca Marini. "Structural changes in bird communities before and after coppice management practices: a comparison using a diversity/dominance approach." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 64, no. 1-4 (November 10, 2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22244662-20181033.
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We report data on the effects of coppice management on breeding birds in paired oak woods of central Italy using a Before-After-Control-Impact sampling design, hypothesizing that this practice strongly affect abundance, richness and diversity at community level. Using point count method, we obtained first evidence of a coppice management effect acting as a stressor on the breeding bird assemblage structure. We observed a significant decrease in averaged species richness and abundance in coppiced areas before and after the coppicing practices, differently from the control area. Analogously, regression lines derived by species frequencies in diversity/dominance diagrams showed a different trends when comparing the coppiced areas before and after the cutting, indicating a stress in the latter. This pattern is supported by the H’ diversity and evenness values that changed abruptly between years only in the coppiced area. These changes can be related to the significant reduction in tree plant density before and after cutting, especially for those with a diameter between 7.5 and 23 cm.
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Szczukowski, Stefan, Józef Tworkowski, Mariusz J. Stolarski, and Michał Krzyżaniak. "The Energy Efficiency Of Willow Biomass Production In Poland – A Comparative Study." Papers on Global Change IGBP 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/igbp-2015-0020.
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Abstract Field experiments with willow (Salix L.) coppice cultivation and Eko-Salix systems have been conducted at the University of Warmia and Mazury since 1992. In that wider context, the aim of the work described here was to compare energy inputs involved in setting up a plantation and producing biomass, and to assess the efficiency of willow-chips production under the coppice and Eko-Salix systems. The energy gain determined in the experiments was several to more than twenty times as great as the inputs needed to operate the plantation and to harvest willow biomass, this leaving both systems of willow cultivation under study attractive where setting up short-rotation coppices is concerned.
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Marko, Stojanović, Szatniewska Justyna, Kyselová Ina, Pokorný Radek, and Čater Matjaž. "Transpiration and water potential of young Quercus petraea (M.) Liebl. coppice sprouts and seedlings during favourable and drought conditions." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 7 (July 28, 2017): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/36/2017-jfs.
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Increased frequency and intensity of drought events consequently affect oak high forests with the process of further decline, compromised growth and questionable natural regeneration. To overcome such difficulties, new adaptive strategies are required. Coppicing, as the oldest way of forest management, might provide some solutions. In our study two contrasting management systems, sessile oak coppice and high forest, were compared at the initial stages of regeneration and forest development. The transpiration of young oak sprouts and seedlings was monitored using sap flow systems during the 2015 growing season. The study of transpiration also included leaf water potential measurements during three measurement campaigns with contrasting weather conditions. Coppice sprouts transpired significantly more than seedlings on the individual tree and stand level during the entire growing season 2015; particularly large differences were observed during drought conditions. Coppice sprouts experienced lower water limitations due to the voluminous and deeper root system as indicated by leaf water potential results. Presented results attribute young coppices as one of the promising adaptable forest management types with a better adaptive strategy at the extreme sites under water limiting conditions.
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Noble, James C., Anthony C. Grice, Melissa J. Dobbie, Warren J. Müller, and Jeff T. Wood. "Integrated shrub management in semi-arid woodlands of eastern Australia: effects of chemical defoliants applied after an initial disturbance." Rangeland Journal 23, no. 2 (2001): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj01008.
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Previous fire experiments using artificial fuel have shown that annual fires, especially those applied in the autumn, can effectively control coppicing understorey shrubs in semi-arid woodlands. Such frequent fire is impossible to apply under natural conditions given the limited time available for sufficient herbage fuel to accumulate. Preliminary screening studies were therefore undertaken to test the hypothesis that chemical sprays applied at concentrations less than those normally recommended could be used to mimic high-frequency experimental fires. The effectiveness of 11 chemicals (7 arboricides and 4 dessicants) applied at a range of concentrations was assessed on one site by spot-spraying 5-year-old coppice regeneration of Eremophila mitchellii (budda or false sandalwood) and E. sturtii (turpentine). Chemical activity was assessed by regularly monitoring leaf effect, i.e. by rating the degree of leaf discolouration, scorching, blackening and ultimately leaf fall, over the ensuing 12 months following treatment. Arsenal� and Roundup CT� induced the highest shrub mortalities across all size classes while mortality rates were consistently higher for E. mitchellii than for E. sturtii. A second experiment involved 5 chemicals (4 arboricides and 1 dessicant) applied in a similar manner to 7-year-old seedlings of Cassia nemophila (syn. Senna nemophila) (punty bush). Significant damage to foliage (> 80% leaf effect) of all 3 shrub species was recorded 2 months after treatment with either Roundup CT� or Roundup� (i.e. either 450 or 360 g/L glyphosate respectively), as well as with Arsenal� (250 g/L imazapur + 60 g/L isopropylamine) but only at the highest concentration (i.e. 100% of the 'recommended' rate). In some lower concentration treatments, leaf effect was still increasing 6 months after treatment. In a second series of screening experiments involving 1- and 2-year-old coppices sprayed in autumn and spring, significant interaction occurred between coppice age and season of spraying when averaged over both Eremophila species. At lower concentrations (i.e. 12.5 and 25% of maximum recommended rate), autumn application of Roundup CT� was more effective than spring application, especially once regeneration was 2 years old. Gramoxone� was also most effective at all rates above 12.5% of the maximum when applied in the autumn to two-year-old coppice. However, Garlon� (600 g/L triclopyr) and Tordon 50-DA(r) (50 g/L picloram + 200 g/L 2,4-D) were more effective when applied to 1-year-old coppice in the spring. Overall, the most effective low-concentration treatment was Roundup CT� applied in the autumn to two-year-old coppice. Low-concentration treatment of one-year-old coppice with Roundup CT� and Arsenal� was also consistently more effective when carried out in the autumn (80–90% leaf effect). The probability of shrub mortality was inversely related to coppice biomass with smaller coppices clearly more vulnerable to the added pressure imposed by secondary chemical treatment, independent of application rate.
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Zagas, Theocharis. "Untersuchung zur Behandlung von Kastanienniederwäldern in Nordgriechenland | Study on the Treatment of Chestnut Coppices in Northern Greece." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0057.
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The chestnut coppices of Greece are the most productive forests in that country. The aim of this experiment was to determine the most suitable thinning intensity for 13-year-old chestnut coppice stands or coppice forest to allow them to reach optimum production capacity at the age of 20. The experiment was carried out on the northern slopes of Mount Titaros in northern Greece. In 1989, chestnut coppice forest stands with site quality I and II were selected for the study. Both stands were divided into 4 sub-plots which were then treated using four different silvicultural treatments:(1) control, no thinning(2) positive selection thinning, low intensity treatment, removal over 10% of basal area;(3) positive selection thinning, moderate intensity treatment, removal over 20% of basal area;(4) positive selection thinning, high intensity treatment, removal over 30% of basal area The best results were obtained in the sub-plots with the most intensive treatment. The more intensive the treatment, the more timber was produced and the healthier the trees became. H/D-values decreased relative to the amount of control,particularly in the sub-plots with high treatment intensity.
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Strimbu, Bogdan M., and Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu. "Coppice Management for Young Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.)." Forests 14, no. 2 (February 3, 2023): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020297.
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Sycamore is a valuable tree not only economically but also ecological and culturally. Even though it has a vigorous regeneration system from its stump, its coppice management has triggered limited formal investigations. Therefore, the present study focused on finding the most suitable coppice strategy for achieving ground coverage and biomass, as well as developing growth and yield models for sycamore maples. Using a series of eight measurements spanning twenty-one years, starting from age six, we found that single-shoot coppices provided superior yields for height than seed-managed trees up to age twelve and up to age twenty for DBH. The coppice trees outperformed the seed trees up to age 10. The yield of DBH and the height for single-shoots and seed-managed trees were described by parsimonious formulations, namely the Schumacher model for DBH and the square root for height. The relationship of DBH–height exhibited a clear linear form, pointing toward the main limitation of the study, namely the confinement to ages less than 20 years. Nevertheless, all the models exhibited a bias <10−7 and an R2 around 80%, except for the height and DBH change throughout time, which was around 67%.
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Maděra, Petr, Tomáš Slach, Luboš Úradníček, Jan Lacina, Linda Černušáková, Michal Friedl, Radomír Řepka, and Antonín Buček. "Tree shape and form in ancient coppice woodlands." Journal of Landscape Ecology 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jlecol-2017-0004.
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Abstract Ancient coppice woodlands are coppice-originated forest stands with a long-term continual development, and with the preserved typical natural and historic elements of old sprout forests. Prominent natural elements in the ancient coppice woodlands are namely old coppice stools. There is, in scientific literature, lack of information about features of ancient coppice stools. Therefore, our contribution aims to describe shape and form of ancient coppice stools, including the most important microhabitat of coppice woodlands – dendrothelms. Based on field survey of 20 localities of important coppice woodlands we recorded 135 ancient coppice stools of 13 tree species and a total of 80 dendrothelms in 9 tree species. Basic features of ancient coppice stools and dendrothlems were measured and evaluated.
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Bally, Bettina. "Energieholzproduktion in Mittel- und Nieder-wäldern der Schweiz | Energy Wood Production in Coppice With Standards and Coppice Forests in Switzerland." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 150, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.1999.0142.
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Coppice with standards and coppice forests are the result of silvicultural systems widely applied until the mid-twentieth century, mainly for fuel production. Similar to energy plantations in Scandinavia and Germany the above-mentioned systems are characterised by a short rotation. The present paper tries to show that, owing to efficient logging methods, energy wood can be produced from coppice and coppice with standards forests so cheaply that it proves to be highly competitive compared to oil. The economic value of coppice and coppice with standards was calculated on the basis of models and compared to high forest cultivation. Contrary to high forests, the coppice with standards system is cost-covering on poor, well developed and easily accessible sites.
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Mosseler, A., J. E. Major, and D. Ostaff. "Distribution of genetic variation in five coppice growth traits among natural populations of seven North American willow (Salix) species." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 1 (January 2017): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0307.
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Genetic variation and population structure in biomass yield and coppice growth traits were assessed in seven native North American willow species (Salix amygdaloides (AMY), Salix bebbiana (BEB), Salix discolor (DIS), Salix eriocephala (ERI), Salix humilis (HUM), Salix interior (INT), and Salix nigra (NIG)) established together in common-garden field tests on two sites. Differences in biomass yield, coppice stem number, and average single-stem mass were significant at the site, species, population, and genotype (clonal) levels. There were also species × site interactions. Analyses of variance components for these traits showed that only 3%–5% of the total variation in these traits was due to site differences, whereas genetic variation at the species, population, and genotype levels accounted for approximately 10%–39%, 5%–13%, and 12%–23%, respectively. Populations were a significant source of variation in some willow species (e.g., AMY, DIS, ERI, and INT) but not in other species. Tree willows were less prolific in stem sprout production than shrub willows, and ERI coppices produced by far the highest number of stem sprouts per coppice. This multispecies investigation demonstrated strong species and clonal differences, but variation among populations within a species, although significant, was relatively small, indicating that major growth and yield gains can be made through proper species selection and clonal selection within local populations.
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Woldeamanual, Lemma Habteyohannes, Getabalew Teshome Reta, Melese Bekele Nigussie, Reta Eshetu Tsedeke, Hailemariam Fiseha Zenebe, and Damtew Ababu Wudineh. "Assessment of Eucalyptus Globulus Coppice Yield in the Highland Areas of North Shewa, Ethiopia." Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 7, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): XX. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v7i1.497.
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One of the old traditional methods of silvicultural management is coppicing. Many woody species produce new shoots successfully after coppicing. Regeneration of forest through coppice can be used for short rotation of tree to produce wood biomass for construction and fuel purposes. There are different levels of coppice practiced in Eucalyptus globulus plantation in the highland areas of North Shewa. However, there was no evidence or study which coppice levels can give high yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare yield of E. globulus at different coppice level in the highland areas of North Shewa, Ethiopia. Fifty sampled plots were purposively selected for this study. Volume, mean annual increment, stump height and diameter, stem number and harvesting age were determined from sampled plots. The results revealed that there was no yield difference (p> 0.05) between zero, first, second and third coppice levels. However, stump diameter and number of shoots per stump, stump height were significantly different among 1, 2, 3 coppice levels (p<0.05). Number of shoots were positively correlated with stump diameter and height (r = 0.77, r = 0.72) respectively. Farmers mostly coppice E.globulus from November to December and from April to June. Although statistically there was no yield difference between coppice levels, as farmers described the first coppice has higher yield than other coppice levels. The numbers of shoots per stump were higher in the second and third coppice and this could affect stem quality especially at early stage. Altogether the mean number of stems per hectare was 10812 which is higher than previous studies. Therefore, early silvicultural activities like thinning, early coppice management and pruning has to be done to increase wood stem quality and to promote growth as well.
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Woldeamanual, Lemma Habteyohannes, Getabalew Teshome Reta, Melese Bekele Nigussie, Reta Eshetu Tsedeke, Hailemariam Fiseha Zenebe, and Damtew Ababu Wudineh. "Assessment of Eucalyptus Globulus Coppice Yield in the Highland Areas of North Shewa, Ethiopia." Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 7, no. 2 (August 3, 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v7i2.497.
Full textAbstract:
One of the old traditional methods of silvicultural management is coppicing. Many woody species produce new shoots successfully after coppicing. Regeneration of forest through coppice can be used for short rotation of tree to produce wood biomass for construction and fuel purposes. There are different levels of coppice practiced in Eucalyptus globulus plantation in the highland areas of North Shewa. However, there was no evidence or study which coppice levels can give high yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare yield of E. globulus at different coppice level in the highland areas of North Shewa, Ethiopia. Fifty sampled plots were purposively selected for this study. Volume, mean annual increment, stump height and diameter, stem number and harvesting age were determined from sampled plots. The results revealed that there was no yield difference (p> 0.05) between zero, first, second and third coppice levels. However, stump diameter and number of shoots per stump, stump height were significantly different among 1, 2, 3 coppice levels (p<0.05). Number of shoots were positively correlated with stump diameter and height (r = 0.77, r = 0.72) respectively. Farmers mostly coppice E.globulus from November to December and from April to June. Although statistically there was no yield difference between coppice levels, as farmers described the first coppice has higher yield than other coppice levels. The numbers of shoots per stump were higher in the second and third coppice and this could affect stem quality especially at early stage. Altogether the mean number of stems per hectare was 10812 which is higher than previous studies. Therefore, early silvicultural activities like thinning, early coppice management and pruning has to be done to increase wood stem quality and to promote growth as well.
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Del Giudice, Angelo Del, Antonio Scarfone, Enrico Paris, Francesco Gallucci, and Enrico Santangelo. "Harvesting Wood Residues for Energy Production from an Oak Coppice in Central Italy." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 9444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249444.
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The sustainable management of coppice forests and the valorization of forest residues represent key activities for the development of wood for the energy supply chain. The present study focused on the quantification and the physical/energetic characterization of oak residues (branches and tops) obtained from a coppice stand in central Italy. The study also evaluated the performance of the technologies used for the harvest and chipping operation. The wood residues obtained were mainly tree branches and tops and accounted for 19.8% of the total biomass extracted from the forest. Taking into account the standards of wood chips for energy use, the material produced was included in the quality class B. Summarizing, the results obtained in this work indicated that opportune forest operations can provide a significant amount of wood residues (mainly branches and tops) from oak coppices in central Italy and that the derived material can reach medium commercial features, being exploitable in different bioenergy production scenarios.
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Tripathi, Abhishek M., Milan Fischer, Matěj Orság, Michal V. Marek, Zdeněk Žalud, and Mirek Trnka. "Evaluation of Indirect Measurement Method of Seasonal Patterns of Leaf Area Index in a High-Density Short Rotation Coppice Culture of Poplar." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 2 (2016): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664020549.
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Leaf area index (LAI) is an important determinant of biomass production and yield of short rotation bio-energy plantation. An accurate measurement of LAI is critical for quantifying light interception and penetration within the canopy, and subsequently understanding its influence on the stand carbon and energy balance. The aim of the current study is validation of the Sunscan Plant Canopy Analyzer which serves as an indirect method for the evaluation of the seasonal patterns of LAI, relation between LAI and above ground woody dry biomass and to determine the specific leaf area in short-rotation poplar hybrid clone J-105 (Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii) in uncoppiced (1st rotation) and coppiced (2nd rotation), respectively. LAI was measured in uncoppiced and coppiced by two different methods using indirect (SunScan Plant Canopy Analyzer) and direct (litterfall collection). Sunscan Plant Canopy Analyzer was compared against litterfall collection (only way to retrieve the actual LAI). Simple regression (R2 = 0.82) model was fitted to validate indirect measurement method and a very good agreement (82%) was observed in LAI values estimated from SunScan Plant Canopy Analyzer and from litterfall collection. Seasonal variability of LAI in a short rotation coppice (SRC) culture of poplar clone J-105 was evaluated over six years period (2008–2013), for uncoppiced (2008 and 2009) and coppiced (2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013) culture. The maximum canopy LAI (LAImax) reached 7.3 (uncoppiced) and 9.5 (coppiced). The linear regression (R2 = 0.93) for average LAI and above ground woody dry biomass was determined, and it was found that LAI acts an indicator of biomass productivity. Specific leaf area (SLA) was estimated in both uncoppiced and coppiced culture of poplar. The maximum SLA was found to be 138.9 cm2g−1 in uncoppiced and 126.9 cm2g−1 in coppiced. To conclude, the evaluated indirect LAI measurement method is portable, reliable and faster than direct LAI measurement in high density poplar short-rotation coppice culture.
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Forrester, David I., Courtney A. Bertram, and Simon Murphy. "Impact of competition from coppicing stumps on the growth of retained trees differs in thinned Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus tricarpa plantations in southeastern Australia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 5 (May 2012): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-040.
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Coppice growth on cut stumps in thinned Eucalyptus plantations has the potential to compete with and reduce the growth of retained sawlog crop trees (SCTs). This study examined to what extent SCT growth was reduced by coppice in two stands in southeastern Australia: (i) a Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantation thinned at age 10 years and (ii) a slower growing Eucalyptus tricarpa L.A.S. Johnson & K. Hill (syn. Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. tricarpa L.A.S. Johnson) plantation thinned at age 62 years. After 5 years, thinning E. globulus from 850 to 400 trees·ha–1 increased the basal area of the largest diameter 200 SCTs·ha–1 (SCT200) by 11% when coppice was removed. There was no significant thinning response by SCT200 when coppice was retained. After 10 years, thinning E. tricarpa from about 600 to 100 trees·ha–1 increased the basal area of the largest diameter 100 SCTs trees·ha–1 (SCT100) by about 10% whether coppice was removed or not. At the time of measurement, coppice contributed 17% and 36% of stand sapwood area in thinned E. globulus and E. tricarpa treatments, respectively, and possibly competed with SCTs for water. This study shows the significant competitive effect that coppice can have in thinned eucalypt plantations and the importance of coppice management to the growth of retained trees.
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KURAMOTO, Noboru. "Coppice Volunteer-New Use of Coppice in Urban Park." Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 59, no. 3 (1995): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.59.172.
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Silva, Nathália Faria da, Nairam Félix de Barros, Júlio César Lima Neves, Fernanda Schulthais, Roberto Ferreira de Novais, and Edson Marcio Mattiello. "Yield and Nutrient Demand and Efficiency of Eucalyptus under Coppicing Regime." Forests 11, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11080852.
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Eucalyptus stands can be managed by coppicing, however, in several Brazilian regions reduced yield has been observed with harvesting successions. This reduction can be attributed to reduced nutrient availability, among other factors. This study aimed to: to assess the nutritional demand of the Eucalyptus stand under a coppice regime; the effect of fertilization on the production of wood, distribution and compartmentalization of nutrients in eucalyptus stands managed by coppice; the effect of the height and number of shoots, on the occasion of the sprouting, in the production of eucalyptus managed by coppice and to compare the productivity of high eucalyptus wood with coppice management regime. The trial was conducted for clone GG157 (Eucalyptus urophylla hybrid), in Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Oxisol), of the Cerrado region in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Trees were originally planted at the 3.8 × 2.4 m spacing and, after the first harvesting, at age 84 months, the stand was managed by coppicing. Treatments consisted of: (a) fertilization or not; (b) one, two or four poles per stump; and (c) selection of 1-, 2- or 4-m-high poles and repeated three times. Sixty months after treatment application, plots of 80 trees were used for the assessments. The gain in trunk yield with fertilization and the combination between the height of poles at the time of pole selection and number of poles left varies between 140.2% for thinning when the pole is 2 m high and maintains 1 pole per strain and 128.6% when the plants are 1 m high and maintain 1 pole per strain. Not supplying nutrients in the coppicing system leads to lower accumulation of nutrients in the tree and reductions in both wood and trunk yields. Trees in the coppicing system use nutrients for trunk production more efficiently than those in high forest. Earlier pole selection enables the best use of growth resources, resulting in increased yield. Adequate nutritional management of coppiced stands results in the maintenance or increase of yield compared to the first rotation.
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Kneifl, M., J. Kadavý, and R. Knott. "Gross value yield potential of coppice, high forest and model conversion of high forest to coppice on best sites." Journal of Forest Science 57, No. 12 (December 27, 2011): 536–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/32/2011-jfs.
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Based on yield tables for oak high forest and oak coppice (both first site class) and using assortment tables and assortment prices in the Czech Republic in 2009, a set of variants of conversion of high forest to coppice was simulated. Average annual cut and average gross value of annual cut of such conversions were compared with those of well-established (in terms of the age structure balance) variants of coppice and high forest. Under the existing ratio of assortment prices, established coppice does not reach the gross value yield of high forest. No variant of simulated conversions was more financially profitable than the initial high forest. Furthermore, we found out that a +16.8% increase of the current fuel wood price would counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the best coppice and the worst oak high forest variant. On the other hand, a +164.7% fuel wood price increase would be necessary to counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the worst coppice and the best high forest variants.
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Leopold, Bruce D. "Coppice Woodland Management." Ecology 74, no. 6 (September 1993): 1904–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939949.
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KASCHULA, S. A., W. C. TWINE, and M. C. SCHOLES. "The effect of catena position and stump characteristics on the coppice response of three savannah fuelwood species." Environmental Conservation 32, no. 1 (March 2005): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892905001980.
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Fuelwood is still the primary energy source for rural households across the savannah biome of Africa. Coppice growth is an important species-specific trait that strongly influences fuelwood production and regeneration, and yet coppice growth patterns are poorly understood in African savannahs. It is therefore vital that factors affecting coppice growth of species, such as environment conditions and harvesting technique, be better understood in order to develop models for sustainable fuelwood use. This study investigated coppice growth and resource allocation strategies in relation to (1) position along the landscape catena and (2) harvesting technique, for three savannah fuelwood tree species: Dichrostachys cinerea, Albizia harveyi and Combretum collinum. The study was conducted in a dystrophic semi-arid savannah in the far north-east of South Africa. A total of 1146 harvested stumps were sampled in topland and bottomland sites in three locations around a rural village. Stump characteristics (diameter and height) and coppice shoot variables (number of shoots, length and diameter of each shoot, length of longest shoot, and diameter of fattest shoot) were measured for each stump. Three soil samples were taken in each site for physical and chemical analysis. No statistically significant differences were found in soil variables between topland and bottomland sites, probably due to low sample size. Coppice resource allocation strategies varied between species. D. cinerea exhibited a ‘quantity-driven’ strategy, with the production of large numbers of relatively small coppice shoots with high length:diameter ratio (shoot taper function). C. collinum exhibited a ‘quality-driven’ strategy, characterized by the production of a relatively low number of larger coppice shoots. Coppice growth variables for A. harveyi were intermediate between those of the other two species, suggesting a strategy where allocation of resources to the number and growth of shoots is more balanced. However, allocation of resources relative to the size of the cut stem, indexed by total shoot basal area:stump basal area ratio, did not differ significantly between species. Coppice growth was strongly favoured in bottomland sites for D. cinerea, and to a lesser degree, C. collinum. Catenal position had a negligible influence on coppice growth of A. harveyi. Number of shoots produced increased with cutting height for all three species. For all three species the number of shoots increased with stump diameter, and mean shoot size also increased with stump size for D. cinerea. There was a significant negative relationship between stump diameter and total shoot basal area:stump basal area ratio for A. harveyi and C. collinum. A framework for optimizing different coppice growth variables according to species, catenal position and harvesting technique is given.
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Hardiyanto, Eko B., Maydra A. Inail, Daniel S. Mendham, Erlanda Thaher, and Benardo K. Sitorus. "Eucalyptus pellita Coppice vs. Seedlings as a Re-Establishment Method in South Sumatra, Indonesia." Forests 13, no. 7 (June 28, 2022): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13071017.
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Eucalyptus pellita can be regenerated through coppice. We report on the first known study of full-rotation productivity of E. pellita coppice and seedling re-establishment methods. We conducted this study at a high productivity site in South Sumatra, with the objectives to (1) evaluate the productivity of a first rotation of coppice stand in comparison with a replanted seedling crop, (2) investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertiliser application on growth, and (3) examine the effect of timing of coppice stem number reduction on growth. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design replicated five times. At the end of rotation (6 years after establishment) the coppice stand had substantially higher productivity (height 23.7 m, diameter 16.4 cm, volume 269.9 m3 ha−1, and MAI 45.0 m3 ha−1 y−1) compared to the replanted seedling stand (height 20.5 m, diameter 13.8 cm, volume 193.6 m3 ha−1, and MAI 32.3 m3 ha−1 y−1). Coppice stand also had higher biomass production but slightly lower wood density than the seedling stand. Neither stand responded to application of N fertiliser, and only the seedling stand responded positively to P fertiliser addition. Coppice reduction to one stem at 2 months after tree felling produced the stand with slightly greater diameter than that at 4 months after tree felling, but had approximately the same volume.
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Padoan, Elio, Iride Passarella, Marco Prati, Sara Bergante, Gianni Facciotto, and Franco Ajmone-Marsan. "The Suitability of Short Rotation Coppice Crops for Phytoremediation of Urban Soils." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010307.
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This experiment was aimed at verifying the usefulness of phytoremediation using Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) in an urban Zn-contaminated site. Besides elemental uptake and reclamation, the SRC method was applied to evaluate the additional benefits of a green infrastructure. Nine different plants with rapid growth and large biomass production were selected: three Populus clones, three Salix hybrids, and three Robinia genotypes. Annual and biennial coppicing were evaluated. Poplar clones were more productive using annual coppicing, while Salix and Robinia produced higher biomass in blocks not coppiced. Poplar had the highest phytoextraction rate during the second year, with 1077 g/ha. Salix clones S1 and S3 extracted similar quantities using biennial coppicing. After two years, the bioavailable fraction of Zn decreased significantly using all species, from the 26% decrease of Robinia to the 36% decrease of Salix. The short rotation coppice method proved to be useful in an urban context, for both landscape and limiting the access to the contaminated area. Improving the biomass yield through the phytomanagement options (fertilization, irrigation, coppicing, etc.) could make SRC phytoremediation an economic and effective solution to manage urban contaminated areas, coupling the added values of biomass production to the landscape benefits.
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Snow, V. O., L. E. Fung, S. E. Hurst, I. R. Mcivor, G. B. Douglas, A. G. Foote, J. D. Arnold, and P. N. Cameron. "Coppiced hardwood trees for reuse of farm dairy effluent." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 10 (January 1, 2003): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.10.2003.2982.
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Alternatives to the traditional treatment of effluent, irrigation back onto pasture, may prove valuable for farmers. Here we present the results from the first two years of a trial set up to test the potential of cut-and-carry coppiced hardwoods (poplars and willows) in taking up nitrogen from fresh effluent and providing fodder on a dairy farm. Three blocks each of Argyle poplars and Tangoio willows were planted as 1.2 m stakes on a dairy farm in southern Wairarapa in September 2001. One block of each species was irrigated with fresh farm dairy effluent at a high rate, about 5 mm per week, the second was irrigated at a low rate of about half that amount, and the third control block of each species was left unirrigated. The first coppicing, conducted in March 2002, yielded 6, 13, and 24 t DM/ha from the Willow-Control, -Low, and -High treatments. The corresponding yields from the poplar blocks were 6, 14, and 11 t DM/ha. The depressed yield of the Poplar- High was due to a rust infection. Growth was much slower in 2002/03 due to a cold October and dry summer. The yields were about a third of those measured in the previous year. The amount of nitrogen in the harvested biomass of the Willow- High treatment was 440 and 100 kg N/ha in the two years. Coppice blocks are likely to be most useful where the amount of land suitable for irrigation is limited, where there may be heightened concerns about the effects of nitrate leaching, or where wet weather storage of effluent is limited. The coppice blocks accumulate a large amount of animal fodder in late summer when many farms experience feed gaps and the fodder from coppice blocks may also have animal health benefits. Keywords: willow, poplar, forage crops
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Machar, I. "Coppice-with-standards in floodplain forests – a new subject for nature protection." Journal of Forest Science 55, No. 7 (June 22, 2009): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/87/2008-jfs.
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: At present, the coppice-with-standards system has become so rare in floodplain forests that it is considered a natural monument. In 1990, the coppice-with-standards system was not recorded in the territory of the Czech Republic. This state contradicts the increasing interest of nature protection organizations in the relict remainders of the coppice-with-standards system, which is to be considered the closest to naturally preserved lowland forest type, and is, therefore, recommended as the final state of the biocentres and biocorridors in today’s floodplain forests. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the inventory dealing with the present occurrence of the coppice-with-standards system in the floodplain forest of the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area (PLA) in a historical context.
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Zürcher, Ernst. "Stockausschlag nach Mondphase | Coppice shoots according to lunar phases." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 153, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2002.0076.
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Within the framework of «Tree biology/Wood characteristics with regard to lunar phases» data of a recurrent calender were critically analysed. This minor experiment tested the predicted scarcity of coppice shoots after felling on two recommended dates by comparison with data collected on «nearby dates». It transpires that a «lunar effect» was produced for only one tree species on one of the two given dates and that this was the contrary to what was claimed (a promotion of the coppice shoots instead of «no coppice shoots»).
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Hájek, Vojtěch, Zdeněk Vacek, Stanislav Vacek, Lukáš Bílek, Romana Prausová, Rostislav Linda, Daniel Bulušek, and Ivo Králíček. "Changes in diversity of protected scree and herb-rich beech forest ecosystems over 55 years." Central European Forestry Journal 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forj-2020-0011.
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Abstract Species composition along with spatial and age structure are the main attributes of forest ecosystems. The diversity of scree forests and herb-rich beech forests was analyzed in the Broumovsko Protected Landscape Area, the Czech Republic. The paper objective was to evaluate forest structure and dynamics of species diversity of tree layer, natural regeneration and herb layer in the period 1961–2016. Scree forests were structurally, and species very rich forest stands, in herb-rich beech forests the stands were of medium richness. Studied stands managed by small-scale methods, in the past especially by coppicing and later by shelterwood and selection felling, have maintained high species biodiversity during the 55 years of observation. Substantially higher biodiversity was found out in scree forests compared to herb-rich beech forests. Based on the comparison of predominantly coppiced forest stand and stand of generative origin at sites of scree forests, coppice have maintained higher biodiversity than high forests. Species richness increased during the observation period, but species evenness had mostly decreasing tendency. Species heterogeneity in coppiced scree forests increased in tree layer and natural regeneration, but it decreased in herb layer; inverse dynamics was observed in the high forests. Changes in biodiversity dynamics were remarkable for coppice, while high forests showed relatively high level of stability. During study period herb population of light-demanding species and species characteristic for broadleaved forests decreased, while an increase in shade tolerant, moisture-demanding and nutrient-demanding species, especially nitrophilous species was confirmed. Moreover, occurrence of thermophilic plants increased, respectively cold-tolerant plant population decreased in relation to climate change.
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Lévesque, Mathieu, Kurt P. McLaren, and Morag A. McDonald. "Coppice shoot dynamics in a tropical dry forest after human disturbance." Journal of Tropical Ecology 27, no. 03 (March 10, 2011): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467410000805.
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Abstract:Coppicing is an important regeneration mechanism in tropical dry forest after disturbance, but little is known about the long-term dynamics and the rate of recovery of the coppice shoots following clearance. This study reports on the growth and dynamics of coppice shoots following experimental cutting in a tropical dry forest in Jamaica. The fate of coppice shoots was tracked on a total of 481 stumps, representing 51 species over 10 y. The number of coppice shoots and the height and dbh of the leading shoots were measured on the tree stumps 14 mo and 10 y after cutting. Coppicing was vigorous for most tree species, but the average number of shoots per stump decreased significantly over the 9 y period, from 25 to 8 shoots per stump. The average height and diameter of the leading shoots after 10 y were 4.5 m and 3.8 cm, respectively, and the average percentage diameter recovered by the shoots varied between 36% and 95% among the species. Coppicing facilitates the long-term persistence of this dry forest, and the rapid growth of coppice shoots contributed to the resilience of most species after cutting.
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Knott, Robert, Zdeněk Adamec, Barbora Uherková, Jan Kadavý, and Michal Kneifl. "Evaluation of coppice management relics based on coppice stool value variability in the Drahany Highlands." Journal of Forest Science 68, No. 7 (July 26, 2022): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/74/2022-jfs.
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We assessed the value of coppice stools in connection with selected factors in three different areas of the Drahany Highlands (Czech Republic). The stool value was assessed by evaluating the morphological features. Stools were selected in forest stands with an age of 80 years and older. We analysed the potential influence of twenty-five variables (for example, the exposure, forest vegetation zone, potential natural vegetation, actual or historical owner, edaphic category, etc.) on the stool value. We found that the historical ownership, climatic region, and category of potential natural vegetation significantly affect the coppice stool value. We observed the occurrence of stools with a higher stool value in moderate climatic region type 3 (MT3), in scree and ravine woodlands and in the territory of the historical owners of the Mitrovsky and Salm-Reifferscheid families. According to our results, the probability of the occurrence of coppice stools decreases with an increasing stool value.
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Ciabocco, G., L. Boccia, and M. N. Ripa. "Energy dissipation of rockfalls by coppice structures." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 3 (June 26, 2009): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-993-2009.
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Abstract. The objective of this work is to develop elements to improve understanding of the behaviour of a coppice in relation to the phenomenon of falling boulders. The first section proposes an amendment to the equation for calculating the index which describes the probability of impact between a rock and plants in managed coppice forests. A study was carried out, using models to calculate the kinetic energy of a falling boulder along a slope considering the kinetic energy dissipated during the impact with the structure of forest plants managed by coppice. The output of the simulation models were then compared with the real dynamics of falling boulders in field tests using digital video. It emerged from an analysis of the results of this comparison that a modification to the 1989 Gsteiger equation was required, in order to calculate the "Average Distance between Contacts" (ADC). To this purpose, the concept of "Structure of Interception", proposed in this paper, was developed, valid as a first approach for describing the differences in the spatial distribution of stems between coppice and forest. This study also aims to provide suggestions for forestry management, in order to maintain or increase the protective capacity of a coppice managed with conventional techniques for the area studied, modifying the dendrometric characteristics.
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Březina, David, Jan Kadavý, Michal Kneifl, and Jakub Michal. "Comparison of Economic Efficiency of Management Systems with Prevailing Representation of Sessile Oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) in the Territory of Křivoklátsko Forest Park (Czech Republic)." Forests 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040447.
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The objective of the article was to model the economic efficiency of coppice and compare it with that of an oak high forest (primarily for the territory of Křivoklátsko Forest Park). The model calculations were based on actual expenses and revenues from the area of interest to the maximum possible extent. The calculations included methods both with time factor (dynamic methods, namely the method of net present value) and without time factor (static methods). For the area of Křivoklátsko Forest Park, the examined data showed that the economic efficiency of coppice could be greater than that of high forest or over-mature coppice.
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Skodawessely, Constance, Thomas Glaser, Jürgen Pretzsch, and Peter A. Schmidt. "Einstellungen von Landwirten und Naturschutzverbänden zu Kurzumtriebsplantagen | Attitudes of farmers and nature conservation associations to short-rotation coppice." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 159, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2008.0158.
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The large-scale establishment of short-rotation coppice requires widespread acceptance of all stakeholders concerned, depending on positive attitudes towards short-rotation coppice. Of special importance are the decision makers of agricultural enterprises as they are the ones who determine the use of their land property. The attitudes of nature conservation associations influence the current condition of opinions on short-rotation coppice in society. Based on two surveys with a low number of farmers and including members of the nature conservation associations of the regions Freiberg (Saxony) and Schradenland (Brandenburg), attitudes were assessed towards short-rotation coppice and their management on agricultural land. These surveys had explorative character and the results do not allow any generalisation. It shows that economic and technological aspects are the most relevant to farmers. Concerns of nature conservation associations refer primarily to ecological points of view. The obtained results form the basis for further surveys, which will follow representative sampling.
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Tait, David E. "A dynamic programming solution of financial rotation ages for coppicing tree species." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, no. 4 (August 1, 1986): 799–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-141.
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The optimal solution to the coppice problem, the problem of when to cut and when to replant a coppice, is shown to satisfy a simple recursive relationship. This recursive relationship is solved using dynamic programming. The approach is illustrated using an example of a eucalyptus plantation.
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Brooks, K. M., G. J. Keever, J. L. Sibley, and J. E. Altland. "Growth Response of Crapemyrtle to Coppicing and Production Light Level." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-24.3.149.
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Abstract The effects of production light level on coppicing and coppice timing were evaluated as means of accelerating the development of tree-form crapemyrtles. By the end of the growing season, ‘Fantasy’ and ‘Tuscarora’ coppiced in March and grown under 80% shade were 23 and 18% taller, respectively, than coppiced plants in full sun, but similar in height to plants under 50% shade. Coppiced Dynamite™ under 80% shade and coppiced ‘Carolina Beauty’ under 50% shade were 11 and 26% taller than coppiced plants in full sun, respectively, by the end of the growing season. Height of ‘Fantasy’ and ‘Tuscarora’, but not ‘Natchez’, at the end of the growing season decreased as coppicing was delayed from January to June. ‘Natchez’ coppiced in March were taller than plants coppiced in January or February and 68% taller than plants coppiced in June by the end of the growing season. Cross-sectional stem area of coppiced Dynamite™ and ‘Fantasy’ grown in full sun was greater than that of plants under 50 or 80% shade. Stem area of coppiced ‘Tuscarora’ under 50% shade was greater than that under 80% shade, but similar to that of coppiced plants in full sun. Stem area of coppiced ‘Carolina Beauty’ was greatest when grown in full sun, followed by growth under 50% shade, and least in plants grown under 80% shade. Stem area of ‘Fantasy’, ‘Natchez’, and ‘Tuscarora’ at the end of the growing season decreased linearly as coppicing was delayed from January to June. Visually, coppiced plants had straighter shoots, more uniform shoot diameters, and less branching off the main trunks than non-coppiced plants.
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Sanou, Haby, Daouda Sidibé, Adama Korbo, and Zewge Teklehaimanot. "Rootstock Propagation Methods Affect the Growth and Productivity of Three Improved Cultivars of Ber in Mali, West Africa." HortTechnology 24, no. 4 (August 2014): 418–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.4.418.
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The adaptation of three improved cultivars of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) from India to farming conditions in the Sudanian zone of the Sahel region was tested in Mali. The three cultivars used as scions were Seb, Umran, and Sotubata. The use of coppices of local ber resulted in a significantly better growth and higher fruit production on all the grafts of the three cultivars when compared with nursery seedling rootstocks. The cultivars also performed significantly better in the South Sudanian zone than in the more-arid North Sudanian zone. The highest fruit yield of 38 kg per tree was achieved on coppices in the South Sudanian zone. It was concluded that the high success of this experiment offers a great opportunity for adoption of the three improved cultivars of ber using coppice shoots as rootstock to optimize their use in parkland agroforestry systems in the South Sudanian zone of the Sahel region of West Africa.
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Chidumayo, E. N. "A re-assessment of effects of fire on miombo regeneration in the Zambian Copperbelt." Journal of Tropical Ecology 4, no. 4 (November 1988): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400003011.
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ABSTRACTIn 1933/34 eight coppice plots were established in Brachystegia-Julbemardia (miombo) woodland at Ndola in the Copperbelt area of Zambia by the Forestry Department. These plots have been maintained under fire protection, annual early or late dry season burning since 1934/35. Before establishment stems over 20.3 cm girth at breast height were enumerated. Three of the eight plots (one fire protected and two annually early burnt) were enumerated in 1982, 48–49 years after establishment. In addition, a coppice plot at Chitwi, 16 km southwest of the Ndola plots, cleared in 1972 and left to regenerate naturally was enumerated in May 1982 and August 1986 to assess woody plant growth.The density of stems over 20.0 cm girth in the 13-year-old coppice at Chitwi was 2.5 times that in an adjacent shelterbelt woodland. The stem density in the fire protected plot at Ndola in 1982 was 86% of the pre-felling density while in one of the early burnt plots it was 95% of the pre-felling density. The protected plot had the lowest species diversity after 49 years, largely because of the loss of 11 understorey species that were present before felling.There were no significant differences in stem mean girth at breast height (gbh) of canopy species in the Ndola plots under fire protection and early burning regimes. Mean annual gbh increments of abundant species were estimated at 1.17–2.21 cm yr−1 and 0.59–1.42 cm yr−1 during 0–9 and 0–49 year age-periods, respectively. Estimated mean annual basal area increments for stems over 30 cm gbh were 0.35 m2 ha−1 for the 13-year-old coppice and 0.24–0.27 m2 ha−1 for the 49-year-old coppice. These results indicate a decrease in both gbh and basal area increment with increasing age of miombo coppice