Academic literature on the topic 'Copper exclusion'
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Journal articles on the topic "Copper exclusion"
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Xie, Xiao Yan, Li Li Xu, and Dong Mei Gao. "Effect of CuO Nanoparticles on the Cell Membrane Permeability of A549 and its Exclusion." Advanced Materials Research 343-344 (September 2011): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.77.
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This study was conducted to explore the effect of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on the cell membrane permeability and its exclusion from cells. Human A549 lung cells were exposed to 5mg/L and 15mg/L CuO NPs. Cell membrane permeability was evaluated in 2h and 4h. After 4 hours exposure, the membrane was damaged. Exclusion of copper from cells after 24h exposure with 5mg/L and 15 mg/L CuO NPs are time and dose dependent. And the cell viability was resumed gradually. It is concluded that CuO NPs could induce cytotoxicity, and destroy the membrane integrity. One detoxify mechanism was the exclusion of excessive copper from cells themselves.
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Aznar, J. C., M. Richer-Laflèche, C. Bégin, and Y. Bégin. "Lead Exclusion and Copper Translocation in Black Spruce Needles." Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 203, no. 1-4 (February 11, 2009): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-9997-8.
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Piscicchia, Kristian, Aidin Amirkhani, Sergio Bartalucci, Sergio Bertolucci, Massimiliano Bazzi, Mario Bragadireanu, Michael Cargnelli, et al. "High Precision Test of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for Electrons." Condensed Matter 4, no. 2 (May 2, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4020045.
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The VIP-2 experiment aims to perform high precision tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons. The method consists in circulating a continuous current in a copper strip, searching for the X radiation emission due to a prohibited transition (from the 2p level to the 1s level of copper when this is already occupied by two electrons). VIP already set the best limit on the PEP violation probability for electrons 1 2 β 2 < 4.7 × 10 − 29 , the goal of the upgraded VIP-2 (VIolation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle-2) experiment is to improve this result of two orders of magnitude at least. The experimental apparatus and the results of the analysis of a first set of collected data will be presented.
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Bunton, Tracie E. "Exclusion of Copper from Altered Hepatocytes in White Perch (Morone americana) with Hepatic Copper Storage." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 31, no. 1 (January 1995): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.1.99.
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Piscicchia, Kristian, Johann Marton, Sergio Bartalucci, Massimiliano Bazzi, Sergio Bertolucci, Mario Bragadireanu, Michael Cargnelli, et al. "VIP-2 —High-Sensitivity Tests on the Pauli Exclusion Principle for Electrons." Entropy 22, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22111195.
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The VIP collaboration is performing high sensitivity tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons in the extremely low cosmic background environment of the underground Gran Sasso National Laboratory INFN (Italy). In particular, the VIP-2 Open Systems experiment was conceived to put strong constraints on those Pauli Exclusion Principle violation models which respect the so-called Messiah–Greenberg superselection rule. The experimental technique consists of introducing a direct current in a copper conductor, and searching for the X-rays emission coming from a forbidden atomic transition from the L shell to the K shell of copper when the K shell is already occupied by two electrons. The analysis of the first three months of collected data (in 2018) is presented. The obtained result represents the best bound on the Pauli Exclusion Principle violation probability which fulfills the Messiah–Greenberg rule.
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Chromiński, Mikołaj, Anna Zieleniewska, Maksymilian Karczewski, and Dorota Gryko. "Porphyrins as substrates in CuAAC — exclusion of unwanted copper insertion into the macrocyclic core." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 18, no. 04 (April 2014): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424613501216.
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Unwanted copper insertion into a free base porphyrin starting material during Cu -catalyzed [1,3] azide-alkyne dipolar cycloaddition ( CuAAC ) is not observed when using (1,10-phenanthroline)-bis(triphenylphosphine)copper(I) nitrate as a catalyst. Reactions give 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in good yields for a broad range of porphyrins. 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole cycloadducts can be generated in the presence of Cp*RuCl ( COD ).
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Celis-Plá, Paula S. M., Fernanda Rodríguez-Rojas, Lorena Méndez, Fabiola Moenne, Pamela T. Muñoz, M. Gabriela Lobos, Patricia Díaz, et al. "MAPK Pathway under Chronic Copper Excess in Green Macroalgae (Chlorophyta): Influence on Metal Exclusion/Extrusion Mechanisms and Photosynthesis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (September 13, 2019): 4547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184547.
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There is currently no information regarding the role that whole mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play in counteracting environmental stress in photosynthetic organisms. To address this gap, we exposed Ulva compressa to chronic levels of copper (10 µM) specific inhibitors of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal Kinases (JNK), and Cytokinin Specific Binding Protein (p38) MAPKs alone or in combination. Intracellular copper accumulation and photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were measured after 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 6 days of exposure. By day 6, when one (except JNK) or more of the MAPK pathways were inhibited under copper stress, there was a decrease in copper accumulation compared with algae exposed to copper alone. When at least two MAPKs were blocked, there was a decrease in photosynthetic activity expressed in lower productivity (ETRmax), efficiency (αETR), and saturation of irradiance (EkETR), accompanied by higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQmax), compared to both the control and copper-only treatments. In terms of accumulation, once the MAPK pathways were partially or completely blocked under copper, there was crosstalk between these and other signaling mechanisms to enhance metal extrusion/exclusion from cells. Crosstalk occurred among MAPK pathways to maintain photosynthesis homeostasis, demonstrating the importance of the signaling pathways for physiological performance. This study is complemented by a parallel/complementary article Rodríguez-Rojas et al. on the role of MAPKs in copper-detoxification.
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Fu, Lei, Chen Chen, Bin Wang, Xishi Zhou, Shuhuan Li, Pan Guo, Zhenguo Shen, Guiping Wang, and Yahua Chen. "Differences in Copper Absorption and Accumulation between Copper-Exclusion and Copper-Enrichment Plants: A Comparison of Structure and Physiological Responses." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (July 24, 2015): e0133424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133424.
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Veronika, Tangke, Bohari Yusuf, and Rahmat Gunawan. "DECREASED LEVEL OF METAL IONS OF COPPER (CU) IN THE ELECTROPLATING INDUSTRY WASTE WATER USING ELECTRODEPOSITION METHOD." JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN 16, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v16i1.415.
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The reduction of copper concentration in the electroplating industry wastewater by electrodeposition method by means of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result of research showed that degradation and is big of elimination percent of copper metal have with the effect of time contact and voltage at optimum hence in getting results of final concentration of iron (Fe) successive plate 4,02 ppm and 2,84 ppm of concentration early 35,86 ppm and elimination percent of exclusion at optimum parameter in getting result successive 88,403 % and 92,069 %. While the results of the final concentration of Aluminium (Al) successive plate 2,38 ppm dan 2,22 ppm of concentration early 35,86 ppm and elimination percent of exclusion at optimum parameter in getting result successive 93,363 % dan 93,814%.
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Nguyen, Trang Q., Joshua E. Kim, Hayley N. Brawley, and Paul A. Lindahl. "Chromatographic detection of low-molecular-mass metal complexes in the cytosol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Metallomics 12, no. 7 (2020): 1094–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9mt00312f.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Copper exclusion"
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Niemiec, Moritz Sebastian. "Human copper ion transfer : from metal chaperone to target transporter domain." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100511.
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Many processes in living systems occur through transient interactions among proteins. Those interactions are often weak and are driven by small changes in free energy. Due to the short-living nature of these interactions, our knowledge about driving forces, dynamics and structures of these types of protein-protein heterocomplexes are though limited. This is especially important for cellular copper (Cu) trafficking: Copper ions are essential for all eukaryotes and most bacteria. As a cofactor in many enzymes, copper is especially vital in respiration or detoxification. Since the same features that make copper useful also make it toxic, it needs to be controlled tightly. Additionally, in the reducing environment of the cytosol, Cu is present as insoluble Cu(I). To circumvent both toxicity and solubility issues, a system has evolved where copper is comforted by certain copper binding proteins, so-called Cu-chaperones. They transiently interact with each other to distribute the Cu atoms in a cell. In humans, one of them is Atox1. It binds copper with a binding site containing two thiol residues and transfers it to other binding sites, mostly those of a copper pump, ATP7B (also known as Wilsons disease protein). My work was aimed at understanding copper-mediated protein-protein interactions on a molecular and mechanistic level. Which amino acids interact with the metal? Which forces drive the transfer from one protein to the other? Using biophysical and biochemical methods such as chromatography and calorimetry on wild type and point-mutated proteins in vitro, we found that the copper is transferred via a dynamic intermediate complex that keeps the system flexible while shielding the copper against other interactions. Although similar transfer interactions can be observed in other organisms, and many conclusions in the copper field are drawn from bacterial and yeast analogs, we believe that it is important to investigate human proteins, too. Not only is their regulation different, but also only in humans we find the diseases linked to the proteins: Copper level regulation diseases are to be named first, but atypical copper levels have also been linked to tumors and amyloid dispositions. In summary, my observations and conclusions are of basic research character and can be of importance for both general copper and human medicinal research.
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GIORNI, ELISABETTA. "Responses to environmental stresses in metallicolous and non metallicolous Silene paradoxa L. populations." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1080136.
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Due to the high heavy metal concentrations, metalliferous soils, both of
natural and anthropogenic origin, provide a very restrictive and selective
environment for plant life. Some plants, named “metallophytes”, have evolved
tolerance mechanisms that allow them to cope with toxic heavy metal
concentrations.
A good model for comparative studies of metal tolerance is the specie Silene
paradoxa L. (Caryophyllaceae), an excluder facultative metallophyte that
presents populations living in metalliferous and non-metalliferous soils.
This project aims to investigate responses to different environmental
stresses, both biotic and abiotic, in metallicolous and non-metallicolous
populations of this specie.
At the root level, we investigated how Cu affects the morphology and
composition of such organ in a non-metallicolous and a Cu-tolerant Silene
paradoxa population. We found out that in the Cu-tolerant population some of
the possible Cu exclusion strategies could be the mucilage and lignine production
and the reduction of subapical zone of the root. Passing to the shoot level, we
investigated the different effects of Cu excess on photosynthetic parameters in
the same two populations. The Cu-tolerant population showed a more efficient
photosynthetic activity in respect to the non-metallicolous population and a
different nature of photosynthetic limitations, being mostly stomatal, compared
to non-metallicolous mostly diffusional and biochemical limitations.
Metalliferous soils are characterized by low macronutrient concentrations
and availability, if compared to non-metalliferous ones, so that metallophytes
have to adapt even to nutrient scarcity. We compared the ability to use nutrients
in a non-metallicolous, a Cu-tolerant and a serpentine Ni-tolerant population
exposed to Cu and Ni excess. We found out that metallicolous populations have evolved mechanisms to adapt to Ca and Mg scarcity in a metal-dependent way,
optimizing nutrient utilization.
Responses to biotic stresses in excluder metallophytes are poorly studied.
These plants, unlike hyperaccumulators, cannot rely on the accumulation of the
metal to defend themselves from pathogens. Therefore, we quantified the
responses to pathogen attack in a metallicolous and Cu-tolerant Silene paradoxa
population exposed to Cu. As an elicitor of defense responses, we used a purified
fungal protein with PAMP activity, called cerato-platanin (CP). An overproduction
of phytoalexins was recorded for the Cu-tolerant population exposed
to Cu, suggesting that adaptation to metalliferous soils can affect plant response
to biotic stress. Remaining in the same outline and with the same experimental
setting, we further investigated whether the pathway leading to induction of
defense responses is dependent on ROS (reactive oxygen species) production or
not. Our results showed incompatibility between the ordinary ROS-mediated
response to fungal attack and the acquired mechanisms of preventing oxidative
stress in the Cu-tolerant population. Therefore, the same incompatibility of
hyperaccumulators in ROS-mediated biotic stress signals seemed to be exhibited
by this excluder metallophyte, but without the advantage of being able to rely on
the elemental defense for plant protection from natural enemies.
Books on the topic "Copper exclusion"
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Sattin, Antonella, and Stefano Coronella. Fabio Besta. Le dispense didattiche. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-646-6.
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Fabio Besta was the most important scholar and professor of Accounting in Italy, as to deserve the name ‘Unsurpassed Master’. He is best known for his treatise published in three volumes between 1909 and 1916. However, his bibliographic production is much more extensive, and it has appeared mainly in the form of handouts for the students of the then Scuola Superiore di Commercio di Venezia (Ca’ Foscari Business School) where he taught for almost half a century, most notably in the courses of Accounting, Computisteria and State Accounting. Moreover, some of these writings formed the basis for the extensive treatise that was published at the beginning of the twentieth century. Published on the occasion of the centenary of the Master’s death, this volume analyses in detail the content of these handouts, which is not widely known due to their exclusive use for didactic purposes and their rarity. The first part of this work presents a brief biographical profile of Fabio Besta, and it illustrates the topics that are addressed in the various handouts and their specific characteristics. Lastly, it proposes an interpretative and critical layout of their contents. The second part of the work contains a large analytical and comparative bibliographic repertoire of these works, which were published between 1882 and 1921. This part contains all the bibliographic information of the various versions of the aforementioned handouts – some of which were not present in any repertoire until now – as well as the detailed indices highlighting the differences between the various editions. Worthy of note is also the mapping of the location of the known copies for each of them, among other things. This work ends with the chronological index of the Master’s works and their different editions.
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Blankenship, Anne M. Asian American Religions from Chinese Exclusion to 1965. Edited by Paul Harvey and Kathryn Gin Lum. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190221171.013.16.
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This chapter charts the religious lives of South and East Asian Americans during the era of Asian exclusion—from the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 to the implementation of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965—and those of non-Asians who adopted elements of Asian religions to shape new approaches to those traditions. Religious organizations provided immediate social aid and fellowship, leadership opportunities, and a connection to immigrants’ homelands. Religious beliefs provided strength to Asian immigrants by helping them cope with discrimination, while social realities in America reshaped many of those traditional beliefs and practices. White sympathizers reimagined aspects of Asian religions and utilized them in new ways. The chapter follows four major themes: adaptation of religious minorities from Asia, the experiences of Christian Asian immigrants, Asian American religious responses to discrimination, and the ways in which non-Asians were drawn to Asian religions prior to 1965.
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Chapdelaine, Pascale. User Rights to Commercial Copies of Copyright Works. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754794.003.0002.
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The chapter begins the investigation of the rights users have to copyright works by looking at the scope of the personal property rights users may have in copies of copyright works. These rights have been largely overlooked in copyright law and theory. Applying the ownership spectrum developed by James W. Harris in Property and Justice (1996) this chapter shows how copyright users’ personal property rights are distinct from other forms of personal property and heavily dictated by the exclusive property rights of copyright holders in the copyright work. The personal property rights of copyright users fare poorly on the ownership spectrum and this trend is intensified by commercial practices of copyright holders endorsed by courts, and the struggles of legislatures and courts to deal with the dematerialization of copies of copyright works. This account of the personal property rights of copyright users reveals a weak strain of copyright user rights.
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McClintock, Cynthia. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879754.003.0001.
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During the third wave, like most democratizing countries worldwide, Latin American countries replaced plurality rules for presidential election with runoff rules. To date, most scholars fear the proliferation of political parties under runoff and favor plurality. I argue, however, that Latin American leaders were correct to adopt runoff. Runoff established a virtuous circle: amid lower barriers to entry, opposition parties and new parties held greater respect for the democratic process and this respect was in turn important to elites’ toleration of their entry. By contrast, plurality often facilitated political exclusion by long-standing dominant parties and exacerbated cynicism and polarization. Although the larger number of parties under runoff was problematic, and measures for the amelioration of the problem are important, the number of parties was considerable under plurality; runoff enabled democracies to cope, increasing the legitimacy of their elected presidents.
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Croce, Mariano, and Marco Goldoni. The Legacy of Pluralism. Stanford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503612112.001.0001.
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Book Abstract: How should the state face the challenge of radical pluralism? How could constitutional orders be changed when they prove unable to regulate society? Santi Romano, Carl Schmitt, and Costantino Mortati, the leading figures of Continental legal institutionalism, provided three responses that deserve our full attention today. Mariano Croce and Marco Goldoni introduce and analyze these three towering figures for a modern audience. Romano thought pluralism to be an inherent feature of legality and envisaged a far-reaching reform of the state for it to be a platform of negotiation between autonomous normative regimes. Schmitt believed pluralism to be a dangerous deviation that should be curbed through the juridical exclusion of alternative institutional formations. Mortati held an idea of the constitution as the outcome of a basic agreement among hegemonic forces that should shape a shared form of life. The Legacy of Pluralism explores the convergences and divergences of these towering jurists to take stock of their ground-breaking analyses of the origin of the legal order and to show how these help us cope with the current crisis of national constitutional systems.
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Magnuson, Doug, Mikael Jansson, and Cecilia Benoit. The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190624934.001.0001.
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The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth tells the story of young people who were street-involved from their early to middle teens and into their 20s, particularly their experiences of emerging adulthood while struggling toward young adulthood and independence. These youth experienced emerging and early adulthood earlier than other youth while living independently of guardians, detached from formal education, and working in the underground economy. After leaving their guardians they were choosing how to be different than their family, learning to cope with instability, and enjoying and protecting their independence, and they experienced some satisfaction with their ability to manage. As one youth stated, “away from my family, I learned that I was not stupid.” Their success was facilitated by harm reduction services, like access to shelter and food, that gave them time to experiment with living independently and to practice being responsible for themselves and others. Later they began to prefer nonstreet identities, and they began to think about their desires for the future. The distance between their current lives and those aspirations was the experience of feeling “in-between,” and progress toward their aspirations was often complicated by past experiences of trauma, current experiences of exclusion, coping with substances, and the mismatch between their needs and available services.
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Langer, Julia K., and Thomas L. Rodebaugh. Comorbidity of Social Anxiety Disorder and Depression. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.030.
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Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are prevalent disorders that exhibit a high rate of co-occurrence. Furthermore, these disorders have been shown to be associated with each other, suggesting that the presence of one disorder increases risk for the other disorder. In this chapter, we discuss relevant theories that attempt to explain why SAD and MDD are related. We propose that the available evidence provides support for conceptualizing the comorbidity of SAD and MDD as resulting from a shared underlying vulnerability. There is evidence that this underlying vulnerability is genetic in nature and related to trait-like constructs such as positive and negative affect. We also discuss the possibility that the underlying vulnerability may confer tendencies toward certain patterns of thinking. Finally, we discuss theories that propose additional causal pathways between the disorders such as direct pathways from one disorder to the other. We advocate for a psychoevolutionary conceptualization that links the findings on the underlying cognitions to the shared relation of lower positive affect and the findings on peer victimization. We suggest that, in addition to a shared underlying vulnerability, the symptoms of social anxiety and depression may function as a part of a behavior trap in which attempts to cope with perceived social exclusion lead to even higher levels of social anxiety and depression. Finally, we make recommendations for the best methods for assessing SAD and MDD as well as suggestions for treating individuals with both disorders.
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Marsden, George M. The Soul of the American University Revisited. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190073312.001.0001.
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The Soul of the American University Revisited traces the role of Protestantism in shaping American higher education from the founding of Harvard in the 1630s to the present. It offers a critical analysis of the changing ways in which Protestantism intersected with collegiate life, intellectual inquiry, and broader cultural developments. In accounts that have been edited and somewhat abridged for this second edition, it looks at pace-setting colleges and universities as they coped with modern society, post-Darwinian science, new secular philosophies, and increasing diversity in American life. Until the mid-twentieth century most leading American schools remained nominally Protestant, but their Protestantism was typically of a liberal variety that emphasized the broad ethical ideals of the Western and Judeo-Christian heritage. After the attacks in the 1960s on the “WASP” privilege, the vestiges of that establishment in higher education were soon largely dismantled. By the late twentieth century exclusive secular viewpoints were often considered the normative standard in higher education. Originally published in 1994 as The Soul of the American University, this new edition carries the story into the twenty-first-century culture. In the disarray and diversity of the intellectual life of this arguably “postsecular” age there is increasing room in the academy for varieties of intellectually responsible religious viewpoints. Indeed, as a concluding chapter recounts, more traditionalist Christian scholars and institutions, Protestant as well as Catholic, have developed substantially in recent decades.
Book chapters on the topic "Copper exclusion"
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Xhumari, Merita Vaso. "Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 77–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_5.
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AbstractThe life course perspective is used in analysis of the older workers relations to the labour market in a societal context. Transition to the market economy of Albania has increased the vulnerability especially for two categories: the youngest, as the new entries into the labour market, and the oldest workers, who found it difficult to be adjusted to the labour market demand, after the failure of state enterprises, changes in working environments, social services, family, etc. The investigation of older workers in the labour market is focused on five dimensions: (1) the labour market structure and employment status of older workers; (2) the employment & VET policies; (3) the work-life balance with ageing; (4) health and (5) retirement.In the beginning of 1990s, the early retirement was the first policy intervention to cope with massive unemployment of older workers. Then, the parametric reforms of PAYG social insurance for increasing the retirement ages and the insurance period have had an impact on extending the working life of older workers of 10 years until 2018. However, the replacement rate was lowering from 74.2% in 1990, to 56% in 1993 when reform started, to further 41% in 2018 which impose pensioners to continue working or delaying the retirement. The increased youth unemployment, atypical and informal employment, has been new challenges for older workers to be adjusted to the labour market demand and only 10% of them can continue working after the retirement age. The development of employment services, VET, health care and social protection have been inadequate to promote social inclusion of older workers.In the framework of the EU integration, Albania has pursued a process of harmonization the legal framework with EU standards. National strategies have been enacted to guarantee human rights, gender equality, and an inclusive society. The social inclusion of older workers into the labour market is a complex issue that depended not only of the Government interventions, but also by the active engagement of other stakeholders. In the Albanian tradition family continues to be a strong supporting institution for older people and children, very likely to the Abbado’s idea in Italy.This chapter is based on an analysis of policy documents, research and statistics from INSTAT, Eurostat, World Bank, etc. The Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2015, and European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) 2016 are used to identify age and gender patterns regarding work-life balance and social inclusion. The analysis suggests that to fully address the complexity of the inclusion of older workers in the labour market, an integrated approach should involve all relevant policy areas such as education, health, employment, and social protection, as well as engagement of all community stakeholders.
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Mendoza, Javier Macías, and Antonio Paolo Russo. "Mobile gentrifers and leavers: tourist dwelling as an agent of exclusion in Barcelona." In Peer-to-peer accommodation and community resilience: implications for sustainable development, 1–17. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246605.0001.
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Abstract The rise in popularity of short-term rentals (STRs) has been widely noted to affect housing affordability, thus presenting itself as a driver of social exclusion in tourist cities. It is also suggested, but less documented, that rent infation is not the only factor that may be pushing autochthonous residents out of neighbourhoods experiencing intense 'airbnbization'. Dwelling in STRs unfolds in ways that could be challenging to many aspects of everyday life for a stable population, such as night rest, security, familiarity with neighbours, health, and access to basic services. Our research on such issues is carried out in Vila de Gràcia, a neighbourhood of Barcelona where traditional gentrifcation is enmeshed with the rising tourist profle of the area. In our feldwork we examined how residents perceive and cope with such pressures and investigated how (and to what extent) the material hindrances produced by temporary dwelling can trigger the decision to move out.
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Marwedel, Peter. "System Software." In Embedded Systems, 203–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60910-8_4.
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AbstractIn order to cope with the complexity of applications of embedded systems, reuse of components is a key technique. As pointed out by Sangiovanni-Vincentelli (The context for platform-based design. IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 2002), software and hardware components must be reused in the platform-based design methosdology (see p. 296). These components comprise knowledge from earlier design efforts and constitute intellectual property (IP). Standard software components that can be reused include system software components such as embedded operating systems (OSs) and middleware. The last term denotes software that provides an intermediate layer between the OS and application software. This chapter starts with a description of general requirements for embedded operating systems. This includes real-time capabilities as well as adaptation techniques to provide just the required functionality. Mutually exclusive access to resources can result in priority inversion, which is a serious problem for real-time systems. Priority inversion can be circumvented with resource access protocols. We will present three such protocols: the priority inheritance, priority ceiling, and stack resource protocols. A separate section covers the ERIKA real-time system kernel. Furthermore, we will explain how Linux can be adapted to systems with tight resource constraints. Finally, we will provide pointers for additional reusable software components, like hardware abstraction layers (HALs), communication software, and real-time data bases. Our description of embedded operating systems and of middleware in this chapter is consistent with the overall design flow.
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Katz-Lavigne, Sarah. "13 Copper Stakes: Exclusion, Corporate Strategies, and Property Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo." In Natural Resource-Based Development in Africa, 285–304. University of Toronto Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487547684-015.
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Spiliopoulou, Anastasia S., Ioannis Chochliouros, George K. Lalopoulos, and Stergios P. Chochliouros. "Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) Policies in the European Framework." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 854–65. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch117.
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Recent European policies have very early identified (European Commission, 1999) the immense challenge for the European Union (EU) to promote various liberalization and harmonization measures in the relevant electronic communications markets, especially by supporting a series of particular initiatives for competition, investment, innovation, the single market, and consumer benefits (Chochliouros & Spiliopoulou, 2003). In order to fully seize the growth of the digital, knowledge-based economy, it has been suggested that both businesses and citizens should have access to an inexpensive, world-class communications infrastructure and a wide range of modern services, all appropriate to support “broadband” evolution and a wider multimedia penetration. Moreover, all possible different means of access had to prevent from “info-exclusion,” while information technologies should be used to renew urban and regional development and to promote innovative technologies (Chochliouros & Spiliopoulou, 2005). To achieve all these expectations, an essential European policy was to “initiate” further competition in local access networks and support the “local loop unbundling” (LLU) perspective, in order to help bring about a considerable reduction in the costs (in terms of price, quality, and innovative services) of using the Internet and to promote high-speed and “always-on” access (Bourreau & Dogan, 2005; Commission of the European Communities, 2006b). The local loop mainly referred to the physical copper line circuit in the local access network connecting the customer’s premises to the operator’s local switch, concentrator, or any other equivalent facility. Traditionally, it takes the form of twisted metallic pairs of copper wires (one pair per ordinary telephone line). However, some other potential alternatives can also be taken into account: fiber optic cables are nowadays being increasingly deployed to connect various customers, while other technologies are also being rolled out in the local access network (such as wireless/satellite local loops, power-line networks, or even cable TV networks). Although technology’s evolution and market development are very rapid, the above alternatives—even in a combined use—cannot provide adequate guarantee to ensure sufficient and nationwide spreading for LLU in a quite reasonable time period (Philpot, 2006) and mainly to address the same customer population, if practically compared to the digital subscriber loop (DSL) option which is offered via the existing copper infrastructures.
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Torremans, Paul. "9. An introduction to copyright." In Holyoak and Torremans Intellectual Property Law, 173–76. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198836452.003.0009.
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This chapter first discusses the two roots of copyright. On the one hand, copyright began as an exclusive right to make copies—that is, to reproduce the work of an author. This entrepreneurial side of copyright is linked in with the invention of the printing press, which made it much easier to copy a literary work and, for the first time, permitted the entrepreneur to make multiple identical copies. On the other hand, it became vital to protect the author now that his or her work could be copied much more easily and in much higher numbers. The chapter then outlines the key concepts on which copyright is based.
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Jonathan S., Davies, Ismael Blanco, Adrian Bua, Ioannis Chorianopoulos, Mercè Cortina-Oriol, Andrés Feandeiro, Niamh Gaynor, et al. "Urban Cultural Diversity and Economic Migration in Austere Times." In New Developments in Urban Governance, 107–25. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529205824.003.0007.
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This chapter discusses the way that (neoliberal) austerity has impacted social, racial and cultural inequalities and the ability of collaboration to support more inclusive democratic cities or resist exclusions. The basic premise is that cities play a fundamental role in the dynamics of social inclusion or exclusion of economic migrants and other racial and ethnic minorities, and in the way that societies cope with the challenge of recognising and accommodating cultural diversity. The chapter argues that the social impacts of neoliberalisation and austerity have disproportionally injured cultural and racial minorities living in lower-income city areas. However, it also reveals the existence of signals of hope – signals that are intimately related with the new collaborative dynamics that have emerged in urban areas as a reaction to austerity conditions in some cities.
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"Social Exclusion and Criminal Victimization." In Crime and the Chinese Dream, edited by Jianhua Xu. Hong Kong University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888208661.003.0004.
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Jianhua Xu examines the risk and criminal victimization of a group of rural-to-urban migrant workers, namely motorcycle taxi drivers, and their coping tactics in a midsize city in Southern China. It examines five different types of risks motorcycle taxi drivers have to face in their line of work, including robbery, extortion, taking a taxi without paying, witnessing street crimes and traffic accidents. It also examines the tactics used by motorcycle taxi drivers to cope with the most concerning risk: robbery. How do they prevent robbery before it occurs? How do they survive given a robbery case occurs? The thick description of the suffering of motorcycle taxi drivers in their everyday life provides us a unique window to examine multidimensional social exclusion for millions of migrant workers in urban China.
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Drew, Michael. "Pathways through food poverty." In Uncovering Food Poverty in Ireland, 101–22. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447361534.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 presents the results of the interviews with respondents, revealing their pathways through and lived experience of food poverty. It discusses the impacts of food poverty as revealed by respondents, including hunger, the emotional experience of obtaining food aid and social exclusion. The chapter also discusses the multidimensional aspects of life on a low income, including fuel poverty, and how respondents use multiple strategies to cope with these challenges.
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Kudlińska, Iwona. "Rodziny z bezradnością opiekuńczo-wychowawczą – wsparcie społeczne a procesy wykluczenia i inkluzji w świetle badań nad społecznym konstruowaniem problemu bezradności opiekuńczo-wychowawczej." In Więzi społeczne, sieci społeczne w perspektywie procesów inkluzji i wykluczenia społecznego. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7969-483-9.04.
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The article examined the relationship between social support and parental upbringing inefficiency in the context of social exclusion and inclusion. In the paper, I explained ways of defining and discourses on parental upbringing inefficiency (situation when, for various reasons, parents have difficulties with fulfilling their functions, they are unable or do not want to take care of their children properly as well as when they are unable to cope with behaviour issues concerning their children). Then I described qualities, rules and ways of family and child social support. Furthermore, findings of original social research were presented. In-depth interviews (conducted with workers of social welfare and child care institutions) were analyzed according to crucial analytical categories: institutional actions – forms, rules and effectiveness of institutional support – taken with reference to parental helplessness (towards parents and towards children) and social exclusion.
Conference papers on the topic "Copper exclusion"
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Zhang, Zhi-Gang, Wataru Itagaki, Ken-Ichiro Sugiyama, Tadashi Narabayashi, Satoshi Nishimura, and Izumi Kinoshita. "Fragmentation of a Single Molten Copper Droplet Compared With Molten Copper Jets Penetrating a Sodium Pool." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48878.
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The progression of hypothetical core disruptive accidents in metallic fuel fast breeder reactors is strongly affected by the exclusion of molten metallic fuels from the core region due to the molten fuel-coolant interaction (FCI). As a basic simulation study of FCI, the present paper focuses on the fragmentation of a single molten copper droplet from 1g to 5g, which penetrated a sodium pool at instantaneous contact interface temperatures Ti from 995°C to 1342°C. Intensive fragmentation of single molten copper droplet was clearly observed in all runs even if Tis are below the melting point (1083°C) of copper except low Tis. In the low Tis condition the mass median diameters Dm of droplet fragments both the same and different mass scatter widely. When Tis are somewhat below and above the melting point, the Dms of copper droplet with the different mass of 5 times or the same mass differ very little, nearly the same. The present Dms show somewhat larger distribution than the Dms of molten copper jets with large mass in the low superheating condition, which were previously reported by the authors. The correlation between molten metal droplets and jets found in the present study is very useful to conservatively predict the fragment size in the FCI of molten jets.
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Zhang, Zhi-Gang, Ken-Ichiro Sugiyama, Tadashi Narabayashi, Satoshi Nishimura, and Izumi Kinosita. "Fragmentation of a Single and Continuous Molten Copper Droplets Penetrating a Sodium Pool." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89495.
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The progression of hypothetical core disruptive accidents in metal fuel cores is strongly affected by exclusion of molten metal fuel from the core region due to molten fuel-coolant interaction (FCI). As a basic study of FCI in metal fuel fast reactors, the present paper focuses on the fragmentation and the characteristics of the debris produced during a series of experiments of a single molten copper droplet from 1g to 5g and continuous droplets with a total mass from 16g to 26g, which penetrated a sodium pool at instantaneous contact interface temperatures from 1005 °C far below the freezing point: 1084°C to 1342°C. The results show that the mass median diameters (Dm) of different mass copper droplets both a single droplet and continuous ones penetrating a sodium pool differ very little, nearly the same when the instantaneous contact interface temperatures (Ti) are above the freezing point, and also the droplets are fragmented finely with their increasing Tis; but when Tis are below the freezing point, the Dms of different mass copper droplets scatter a little widely. These results basically show the fragmentation of molten fuel, which is important to assure the termination of accidents, is promising in the sodium space in the upper and lower plenums.
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Raycheva, Iva. "EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN INCOME INEQUALITY." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.49.
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In this paper are presented selected results from an empirical analysis of the income inequality in Bulgarian regions. As we know from the economic theory the income that people receive is a basic measure of living standards. Which from your end is related with the risk of poverty or social exclusion? Disparities of the regions is an actual question which is investigated by many researchers. The current research is investigating inequality and related indicators.
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Seegobin, Rhea L., and Michael A. Hosein. "Expanding the COPAR Service using Mutual Exclusion, Optimization and C++ Threads in Opnet Modeler." In Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks / Software Engineering. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2011.719-060.
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Kováčiková, Hana. "RELIABILITY UNDER EU PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LAW." In 5th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2021 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2021.393.
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To exclude or not to exclude? A question asked by many contracting authorities when assessing bids submitted by tenderers, whose reliability might be compromised by their previous misbehaviour or even worst – a criminal offence. According to law, contracting authorities can exclude such tenderers. However, at the same time, tenderers should be allowed to adopt compliance measures aimed at remedying the consequences of their action. In this article the author analyses some aspects of discretional exclusion of tenderers with doubted reliability in the public procurement process according to the 2014 European Union´s Public Procurement Directive and the recent case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
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Vidová, Jarmila. "LIFESTYLE AND WAYS OF LIVING OF SENIOR HOUSEHOLDS." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.279.
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Growing the proportion of older people requires adapting services and products to their needs and preferences, which will support and extend their full life. While once people aged 55 and over considered themselves old, most of them now live an active life. Over the past decade, the proportion of those who are fully employed has changed and their stereotypes and behaviour have increased, thus changing the quality of life demands. With the gradual aging of the population, the problem of dealing with the housing of older people begins to grow. Housing is one of the key factors in the fight against social exclusion. Housing promotes coherence between communities, enabling sustainable development goals to be achieved. Each state uses its own housing policy, based on social policy and historical conditions, to solve housing-related problems. In the paper we will discuss the possibilities of life in retirement age.
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Masanobu, Sotaro, Shunji Kato, Shigesuke Ishida, and Shotaro Uto. "Research and Development of Offshore Platforms for SMS Mining: Part 2—Conceptual Design of the Platform." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20836.
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National Maritime Research Institute of Japan (NMRI) has been developing the integrated design support tool, called “Harmonic Design Tool”, for evaluating economical / safe / environmental aspects of the offshore platform. We are also conducting the conceptual design of the offshore platforms for assessing the availability and accuracy of this design support tool. Seafloor massive sulphides (SMS) are high-grade hydrothermal deposits rich in copper, zinc and lead with a high gold and silver content. The Japanese Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ) is well known to have high potential of SMS. Thus we decided the SMS mining as one of the most promising applications for the offshore platform technologies. Based on the published potential map of resources and the metocean database established in this project, we decided Izu-Bonin Arc as the target sea area and derived the design and operation conditions for the offshore mining platform. Then we proceeded to the basic concept such as the production rate and storage capacity, dynamic positioning system for station keeping and operation availability. This paper presents the review of the conceptual design of the offshore platform for SMS mining.
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Луцькая, Е. Е., and С. Ю. Тумакова. "Institution of education as an agent of Russian pensioners’ post-labor adaptation." In Современное социально-гуманитарное образование: векторы развития в год науки и технологий: материалы VI международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 22–23 апреля 2021 г.). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2021.32.65.044.
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тенденция демографического старения населения вынуждает все сферы современного российского общества адаптироваться к увеличению числа лиц старшей возрастной группы. О наличии такой адаптации свидетельствует возникновение во многих регионах РФ различных образовательных программ для людей третьего возраста, где пенсионеры могут изучать иностранные языки, заниматься творчеством и любительским спортом, осваивать компьютер и мобильные устройства. В статье рассмотрены многие проблемы, возникающие после прекращения работы (одиночество, социальная эксклюзия, информационное неравенство, снижение качества жизни и удовлетворенности ею, ухудшение материального положения), которые помогает разрешать образование как социальный институт. Вовлечение старшего поколения в образовательные мероприятия позволит продлить период здоровой, активной жизни, что хотя бы частично снизит нагрузку на систему здравоохранения и медицинской помощи в долгосрочной перспективе. Образовательная инклюзия пенсионеров позволит решить проблему дефицита трудовых ресурсов, связанную с демографическим кризисом (падением рождаемости), привлечь пенсионеров к участию в решении некоторых социально значимых проблем (экологической, адаптации выпускников детдомов, помощь инвалидам, престарелым, людям без определенного места жительства). tendency of population’s demographic aging challenge all spheres of modern Russian society to adapt to growth of number of elderly people. Appearance of various educational programs for elderly people’s learning foreign language, creation, sports, computer, gadgets, and digital literacy at many Russian regions say about this adaptation. Many problems, appearing after leaving a work (solitude, social exclusion, informational inequality, reducing of quality of life, life satisfaction and incomes), which education as a social institution helping to cope, considered at the article. Involvement older generation in educational arrangement prolong a period of healthy and active life and decrease partly a burden on the system of public health and medical aid. Educational inclusion allows to attract pensioners to participation at decision some social problems, such as ecological problem, problem of social adaptation of children homes’ graduates, aid senile people, disabled and homeless persons and to solve a problem of working resources’ deficit, appearing because of demographic crisis and birth rate reducing.