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Journal articles on the topic 'Copepod culture'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Malzahn, Arne M., Nicole Aberle-Malzahn, Katherina Schoo, and Maarten Boersma. "Culture conditions affect the nutritional value of the copepod Acartia tonsa." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 20 (January 1, 2015): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol20iss0pp40-46.

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Live feed are still necessary for the rearing of larval stages of several fish species, especially marine ones. Compared to Artemia, copepods are of superior quality. This is based on a suite of traits like size, movement, and nutritional value. Copepods are for example usually high in protein and fatty acids. Essential fatty acid profiles reflect to a large degree the fatty acid supply, which provides the opportunity to manipulate fatty acid profiles of, amongst others, copepods. By manipulating nutrient supply of the algae Rhodomonas salina we were able to double essential fatty acid concentrations in naupliar and copepodit life stages of the copepod Acartia tonsa. However, this lead to growth depression rather than to increased growth rates in a series of consumer species, including larval fish. The reason for the growth depression is likely to be mineral deficiencies occurring along with the nutrient manipulation of the algae.

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2

Magouz, Fawzy I., Mohamed A. Essa, Mustafa Matter, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Ahmed Gaber, and Mohamed Ashour. "Effect of Different Salinity Levels on Population Dynamics and Growth of the Cyclopoid Copepod Oithona nana." Diversity 13, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13050190.

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Copepods are one of the most abundant and diverse live food sources for mesopelagic and bathypelagic fishes and crustaceans. They could contribute to the overlap of the transition period from live feed to an artificial weaning diet in marine larvae production. However, the culture conditions still need optimization to provide sufficient production to cover the increasing demand for marine hatcheries. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of different salinity levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 ppt) on the population growth, growth rate, and population composition (males, females, copepodite, and nauplii ratio) of the marine copepod, Oithona nana. The experiment continued for 15 days, under laboratory-controlled conditions of temperature (27 ± 1 °C), pH (7.7 ± 0.15), and continuous gentle aeration in 30 L glass aquaria. The copepod culture aquaria were supplemented with a mixture of soybean and yeast (0.5 g 10−6 individual−1 24-h−1) as a feed source. The highest significant population growth and population growth rate of O. nana were achieved with a salinity level of 20 ppt. Regarding population composition, O. nana cultured at the salinity level of 20 ppt recorded the highest significant percentages of copepodite and nauplii. The results concluded that copepod, O. nana, is capable of withstanding abrupt changes in the salinity, but there are limits to their tolerance, with an optimal salinity level of 20 ppt. This salinity level achieved the highest population growth and the highest percentages of copepodite and nauplii of marine Copepoda, O. nana.

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3

Khanaychenko, A. N. "How diatom Cylindrotheca closterium vanquish invasive copepod Oithona davisae." Marine Biological Journal 3, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2018.03.3.08.

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Some diatoms are rich food for herbivorous copepods, while others are toxic for their recruitment. No negative effect of diatom Cylindrotheca closterium was ever observed for copepods, and some estuarine copepods preferred it as a food. Data on grazing diatoms by abundant now in the Black Sea coastal waters invasive copepod Oithona davisae are still contradictory. Interaction of O. davisae and C. closterium, both having high colonizing potential and both typical for coastal waters, was studied in experimental culture. Two weeks after inoculation of C. closterium the cultured O. davisae was drastically fouled by globulous conglomerates of diatom cells. Diatom cells in “colonies” on copepod exoskeleton were interconnected by means of adhesive substances at one of their flexible ends at the point-wise areas at various parts of copepods exoskeleton, and the opposite flexible ends performed various circular roll-over fan-shaped movements around the axis passing through the point of their attachment. “Colonies” behaved as integrated aggressive organisms against any approaching flagellate and prevented normal locomotion of copepods. Herein we present the first report on epizoic behavior of C. closterium: quick disastrous colonization of alive copepods O. davisae by diatom “colonies” led to total extinction of cyclopoid experimental population while alive diatoms formed dense network on copepods degenerative tissues.

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4

Ghosh, Alokesh Kumar, Suman Kumar Saha, Md Rashedul Islam, and SM Bazlur. "Abundance and Diversity of Zooplankton in Semi-Intensive Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Farm." International Journal of Life Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v5i1.5286.

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The present study was carried out on the seasonal abundance and diversity of zooplankton in a semi- intensive shrimp farm of Bagerhat district from June to December, 2008. Plankton samples were collected by conical shaped monofilament nylon net (Plankton net) and Lugol’s solution was used for preservation. The zooplankton abundance was influenced by physico-chemical factors. In the present study 5 groups of zooplankton were observed namely rotifer, copepod, cladocera, ostracoda and crustacean larvae. Among the various groups of zooplankton, the percentages of copepod, rotifer, cladocera, ostracoda and crustacean larvae in the culture system were 52%, 39%, 7%, 1% and 1% respectively. The zooplankton was dominated by copepods (52%) which showed more or less two peaks in August (833 individuals/L) and in October (815 individuals/L). Rotifer and copepod were about r awhile one genus Cypris of ostracod was found only in August. Three genus of copepod namely Diaptomus, Cyclops and Mesocyclops were identified in the study area of which Diaptomus and Mesocyclops were more or less dominant while four genus of which Brachionus and Filinia under rotifer and Daphnia and Diaphanosoma under cladocera were also found during the study period. The findings of the present study will help to improve the management strategies of shrimp culture system.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v5i1.5286 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.5(1) 2011 1-11

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5

Zhang, Dajuan, Shaojing Li, Guizhong Wang, Donghui Guo, Kezhi Xing, and Shulin Zhang. "Biochemical responses of the copepod Centropages tenuiremis to CO2-driven acidified seawater." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.821.

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An ecophysiological experiment was conducted to examine the biochemical effects of acidified seawater containing elevated concentration of CO2 (CCO2 0.08, 0.20, 0.50 and 1.00%) on the copepod Centropages tenuiremis. AchE, ATPase, SOD, GPx, GST, GSH level and GSH/GSSG ratio of the copepod were analyzed. The results showed that elevated CCO2 and the duration of culture time significantly influenced several biochemical indices in C. tenuiremis (ATPase, GPx, GST, GSH and SOD). Furthermore, the principal component analysis results indicated that 72.32% of the overall variance was explained by the first three principal components (GPx, SOD and GSH). Changes in GPx and GSH levels may play a significant role in the antioxidant defense of copepods against seawater acidification. The long-term response of copepods to seawater acidification and the synergistic effects of acidification with other environmental factors, such as temperature, salinity and trace metal need further investigation.

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6

Encina-Montoya, Francisco, Patricio De los Ríos Escalante, and Katherine Salazar. "Culture of native species of zooplanktonic crustaceans: Tumeodiaptomus diabolicus (Brehm, 1935) from northern Patagonian lakes (Chile)." Crustaceana 90, no. 13 (2017): 1599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003713.

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The inland waters of Chile hold endemic species of crustaceans, and these habitats are threatened at present due to pollution as a result of human activities. Until now, the environmental studies performed have not considered native species for evaluating environmental risks. The aim of the present study was to do a first culture experiment with the freshwater copepod Tumeodiaoptomus diabolicus that inhabits central and northern Chilean Patagonian lakes. The copepods were cultured under two dietary regimes, i.e., a diet of microalgae and an artificial diet. The experiment was conducted over 12 days, and the maximum growth was obtained with the artificial diet. The present results would agree with similar results obtained for pseudodiaptomid copepods, that are massively used for aquaculture activities. In accordance with the obtained results and published data in the literature, T. diabolicus culture could be relatively easily done, and would thus qualify as an assay for investigating environmental conditions.

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7

Barroso, Marcia Vanacor, Breno Barroso Boos, Rosemar Antoniassi, and Luiz Fernando Loureiro Fernandes. "Use of the copepod Oithona hebes as a bioencapsulator of essential fatty acids." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 63, no. 3 (September 2015): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592015089106303.

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AbstractThe advantages of using copepods in aquaculture include nutritional superiority, high digestibility and broad spectrum of sizes, with the possibility of bioencapsulation of nutrients, probiotics and medicines. This study aimed to compare the effects of feeding copepods with a microalgae diet and two commercial inert diets on the copepod culture performance and their fatty acid profile. Wild copepods were collected in the estuarine system of Piraquê-açu River, Aracruz, Espírito Santo, Brazil, with a conical net of 60 cm in diameter and 200 μm mesh with a blind cup end, towed through the subsurface layer at a speed of 1 knot for 5 minutes. Once collected, the material was sieved in order to select only Oithona hebes. The experiment was conducted in nine cylindrical-conical tanks with a 60 L capacity, salinity of 25.8 ± 1.3, temperature of 25.5 ± 0.5 ºC and weak aeration, stocked with a density of 1.5 copepod/mL. Treatments were made in triplicate and consisted of: Treatment 1 (Control) fed with microalgae Chaetoceros gracilis and Nannochloropsis oculata (1:1) with 50,000 cells.mL-1each; Treatment 2 with S.Parkle® INVE (1g.million-1); and Treatment 3 with freeze-dried spirulina (1g.million-1). The mean final population was compared by a Tukey test (p < 0.05). Results showed higher population growth for copepods treated with S.parkle, which was the only treatment that presented copepodites. S.parkle was a good source of total lipids (9.54 g.100g-1 dry weight), high availability of DHA, EPA and had a good DHA:EPA:ARA ratio of 12.4:3.4:1.0. Copepods that were fed S.parkle had the highest DHA levels and a DHA:EPA:ARA ratio of 15.4:2.2:1.0. This study showed that S.parkle is a good inert food for rearing the copepod O. hebes, demonstrating the ability of copepods to bioencapsulate nutrients, allowing their transfer in the food chain.

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8

Madanire-Moyo, G. N., and A. Avenant-Oldewage. "On the development of a parasitic copepod, Lamproglena clariae Fryer, 1956 (Copepoda, Lernaeidae) infecting the sharp tooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus." Crustaceana 86, no. 4 (2013): 416–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003165.

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The postembryonic development of the gill parasite, Lamproglena clariae, infecting the sharp tooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus was established from egg culture and artificial infection of fish under laboratory conditions. Like most fish parasitic copepods, L. clariae has a direct life cycle utilizing only a single fish host species. Adult post metamorphosis females produce two egg strings. The mean number of eggs in each egg string was 52. Three naupliar and first copepodid stages were obtained in culture while two copepodid stages, cyclopoid and adult specimens were obtained after artificial infection of catfish in aquaria. First stage nauplii were globular in shape and densely filled with yolk. Nauplii lacked a perforation for the mouth and masticatory parts of the appendages, all of which indicate that they do not feed. Body architecture of the first copepodid stage of L. clariae is similar to that of all other copepods in the number and kind of somites: a cephalothorax with five appendages, three thoracic somites, one abdominal somite and furca rami. This seems to be a conserved morphology among the copepods. The three naupliar and three copepodid stages are described and compared to related copepods.

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9

Muhamad Shaleh, Sitti Raehanah. "Effect of temperature on population growth of copepod, Euterpina acutifrons." Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture (BJoMSA) 4, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v4i1.2620.

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This study was aimed at determining the optimum temperature for culturing the copepod, Euterpina acutifrons. The trial was conducted for 10 days in chambers at temperatures of 25⁰C, 27⁰C, 29⁰C and 31⁰C. Ten adult individuals of the copepod were randomly collected and placed into three replicate experimental flasks for each treatment. Throughout the trial, the salinity, light intensity, and photoperiod were maintained at 30 ±2psu, 100molm-2s-1 and 12:12 light-dark cycle, respectively. The copepods were fed with 80,000cell/ml Isochrysis sp. daily. At the end of the trial, the total numbers of E. acutifrons nauplii, copepodites and adults were determined and counted using Sedgwick-Rafter. The highest population was found at 27⁰C with mean total population of 800±100 individuals from an initial of 10 individuals. This was followed by those reared at 25⁰C and 29⁰C where the population counts were 700±100 individuals and 367±115 individuals, respectively. At the 31⁰C, all the copepod specimens were found dead on day 5th. Statistical analysis showed that the temperature had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the population growth of the copepod. The population of nauplii was higher in lower temperature (25⁰C) set compared to the one at higher temperature (29⁰C). However, the copepodite number was greater at 27⁰C. Growth of the copepod was highest at 27⁰C (0.438K) followed by sets at 25⁰C (0.425K) and 29⁰C (0.361K). Based on the results of this analysis, it is suggested to culture copepod at temperature 25⁰C for nauplii production and 27⁰C for producing more copepodites.

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10

Imanto, Philip Teguh, Gede Suwarthama Sumiarsa, and Made Suastika. "PRELIMINARY STUDY ON POPULATION DYNAMIC OF HARPACTICOID COPEPOD Euterpina acutifrons IN CULTURE CONDITION." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2007): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.2.2.2007.133-139.

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<p>The most important factor to high mortality rate in larval rearing is feeding success in early larval stage related to kind and size of natural live food. Copepod basically is the main source of natural food in the open ocean having some advantages such as smaller size of nauplii, attractive movement and high nutritional value. Observation on population dynamic of harpacticoid copepod <em>Euterpina acutifrons</em> was carried out using 5-L plastic bucket with initial density 100 ind./L. Green algae <em>Nannochloropsis</em> sp. was added to culture media at density of 50,000 cells/mL as a basic feed and additional feeds given were wheat flour (group A) and chicken liver (group B) at a rate of 50 mg/bucket. The result showed that there was no difference on population pattern in both groups where the incubation time took eight days to hatch, from nauplii to the copepodite stage was three days and from copepodite to adult copepod took five-to-six days. The differences came up from population number: in group (A) the highest number of copepod-bearing-egg was only 133 ind., nauplii production up to 62,833 ind. and number of copepodites was 22,333 ind. lower compared to group (B) with the highest copepod-egg was 308 ind., nauplii was 113,333 ind. and copepodite was 51,167 ind. The conclusion pointed out that the kind of food did not influence population pattern (quality) but gave effect to population growth.</p>

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11

Guerrero, Francisco, Suzanne Nival, and Paul Nival. "Egg Production and Viability in Centropages Typicus: A Laboratory Study on the Effect of Food Concentration." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 77, no. 1 (February 1997): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033932.

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The effect of food concentration on the reproductive success of the copepod Centropages typicus (Copepoda: Calanoida) was studied in the laboratory. Three different regimes of food were tested: absence of food, natural food conditions and a food media enriched with an algal culture. The results showed significant differences in egg production rate between regimes of food, but no significant differences in egg viability. A rapid response (24 h) in egg production rate to increment in the quantity of food was noted. Hatching success was not affected by food conditions prevailing during the incubations.

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12

Imanto, Philip Teguh, and Gede Suwarthama Sumiarsa. "KERAGAAN COPEPODA CYCLOPOIDA: Apocyclops sp. PADA KONDISI KULTUR." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 5, no. 3 (November 28, 2016): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.5.3.2010.363-372.

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Copepoda pada dasarnya adalah udang berukuran mikroskopik yang menjadi rantai pakan alami yang penting di perairan bebas. Investigasi jenis-jenis copepod lokal akan membantu menyiapkan informasi untuk pengembangan budidayanya sebagai jasad pakan alami. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkoleksi jenis Cyclopoida lokal perairan pantai Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali, diisolasi dan dikembangbiakkan dengan pakan kombinasi antara alga Nannochloropsis oculatta, tepung terigu, ragi roti, dan hati ayam dalam tangki beton 5 m3. Tiga ratus individu Cyclopoida yang membawa telur ditempatkan pada tiga wadah kultur bervolume satu liter. Pengamatan pada pertumbuhan individu dilakukan dengan sampling setiap hari dan setiap dua hari untuk melihat perkembangan telurnya. Jenis Cyclopoida lokal termasuk famili Cyclopidae dan genus Apocyclops spp. Kecepatan pertumbuhan mencapai 20 µm setiap harinya, dan dari fase copepodit mencapai ukuran dewasa membawa telur dianalisis selama 12 hari, perkembangan telur memerlukan waktu maksimal 10 hari, sehingga estimasi siklus umur minimal adalah 22 hari. Produktivitas rata-rata telur Apocyclops spp. pada penelitian ini diestimasi sebanyak 36 (minimum16-maksimum 65) butir per individu betina. Penelitian kultur lebih lanjut difokuskan pada optimalisasi suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut pada media hingga optimalisasi pada jenis pakan.Copepod, a microscopic shrimp, is an important member in natural food chain in waters. Investigating the types of local copepod will provide valuable information for the development of other natural live feed culture. The research was carried out by collecting local Cyclopoida species from Gerokgak coastal waters, Buleleng Regency-Bali, isolated and cultured with combination feed of algae Nannochloropsis oculatta, wheat flour, yeast bread and chicken liver in 5 m3 concrete tank. Three hundred individuals of Cyclopoida carrying eggs were placed in three beaker glasses of one-liter culture volume. An observation on the individual growth was done by daily sampling and every two days to see the development of the eggs. The type of local Cyclopoid was classified as Cyclopidae family in the genus of Apocyclops spp. The growth rate reached 20 ìm per day, and from copepodite to adult carrying eggs took 12 days, the egg development took maximum 10 days, and the estimate of the minimum age cycle was 22 days. The average productivity of egg of Apocyclops spp. in this study was estimated to be 36 (min. 16-max. 65) eggs per female. Further culture studies focusing on the optimization of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen in the media and nutritional aspects, need to be further studied.

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13

Lee, Kyun-Woo, and Young-Ung Choi. "Mass culture of the brackish water cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana Smirnov." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 17, no. 8 (August 31, 2016): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2016.17.8.262.

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14

Payne, M. F., and R. J. Rippingale. "Evaluation of diets for culture of the calanoid copepod Gladioferens imparipes." Aquaculture 187, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00391-9.

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15

Ribeiro, Aurelyanna C. B., and Lília P. Souza-Santos. "Mass culture and offspring production of marine harpacticoid copepod Tisbe biminiensis." Aquaculture 321, no. 3-4 (December 2011): 280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.09.016.

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16

Santos, Luciana Urbano dos, and Carlos Fernando S. de Andrade. "Survey of cyclopids (Crustacea, Copepoda) in Brazil and preliminary screening of their potential as dengue vector predators." Revista de Saúde Pública 31, no. 3 (June 1997): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89101997000300002.

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INTRODUCTION: Cyclopid copepods are known to be good mosquito controllers, specially as regards the larvae of the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The objective of the study was to survey the local copepod fauna and search for new strains of M. longisetus var. longisetus, comparing the potential of the samples found with the current strain ML-01 against Ae. albopictus larvae, under laboratory conditions. Eleven bodies of water in Campinas, SP, Brazil, were screened for copepods by collecting 1.5 l of water from each of then. The predatory potential of adults copepods was evaluated over 24 h, in the laboratory, for groups of 5 individuals preying upon 30 first instar Ae. albopictus larvae. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The following cyclopid species were found: Metacyclops mendocinus, Tropocyclops prasinus, Eucyclops sp, Eucyclops serrulatus, Eucyclops solitarius, Eucyclops ensifer, Macrocyclops albidus var. albidus and Mesocyclops longisetus var. longisetus. The predatory potential of these copepods ranged from nil to 97.3%. A sample collected in the field containing only M. longisetus var. longisetus showed the best control efficiency with no significant difference from a three-year old laboratory culture (ML-01) of the same species evaluated for comparison. The sample with few M. albidus var. albidus was ranked in second place showing an average 25.9% efficiency. The use of copepods in trap tires as dengue vector controllers is discussed.

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17

Ohs, Cortney L., Kelly L. Chang, Scott W. Grabe, Matthew A. DiMaggio, and Erik Stenn. "Evaluation of dietary microalgae for culture of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus pelagicus." Aquaculture 307, no. 3-4 (September 2010): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.07.016.

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18

Kline, M. Dean, and Charles W. Laidley. "Development of intensive copepod culture technology for Parvocalanus crassirostris: Optimizing adult density." Aquaculture 435 (January 2015): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.09.022.

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19

Bentley, Katherine M., James J. Pierson, and Patricia M. Glibert. "Physiological Responses of the Copepods Acartia tonsa and Eurytemora carolleeae to Changes in the Nitrogen:Phosphorus Quality of Their Food." Nitrogen 2, no. 1 (March 8, 2021): 62–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010005.

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Two contrasting estuarine copepods, Acartia tonsa and Eurytemora carolleeae, the former a broadcast spawner and the latter a brood spawner, were fed a constant carbon-based diatom diet, but which had a variable N:P content, and the elemental composition (C, N, P) of tissue and eggs, as well as changes in the rates of grazing, excretion, egg production and viability were measured. To achieve the varied diet, the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana was grown in continuous culture at a constant growth rate with varying P supply. Both copepods altered their chemical composition in response to the varied prey, but to different degrees. Grazing (clearance) rates increased for A. tonsa but not for E. carolleeae as prey N:P increased. Variable NH4+ excretion rates were observed between copepod species, while excretion of PO43− declined as prey N:P increased. Egg production by E. carolleeae was highest when eating high N:P prey, while that of A. tonsa showed the opposite pattern. Egg viability by A. tonsa was always greater than that of E. carolleeae. These results suggest that anthropogenically changing nutrient loads may affect the nutritional quality of food for copepods, in turn affecting their elemental stoichiometry and their reproductive success, having implications for food webs.

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20

Antia, N. J., P. J. Harrison, D. S. Sullivan, and T. Bisalputra. "Influence of the Insecticide Diflubenzuron (Dimilin) on the Growth of Marine Diatoms and a Harpacticoid Copepod in Culture." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 7 (July 1, 1985): 1272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-158.

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Diflubenzuron (Dimilin) was tested, in the concentration range 0.1–5000 μg∙L−1, for possible injurious effects on the growth and photosynthesis of three chitin-producing (Thalassiosira weissflogii, T. norden-skioldii, Cyclotella cryptica) and one nonchitinaceous (Skeletonema costatum) diatoms. For comparison, the effects of the pesticide were also examined on adult survival and juvenile development of the harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus californicus. While the development of the copepod was hindered at concentrations of the order of 1–10 μg∙L−1, the diatoms were barely affected by Dimilin even at the highest concentration tested (5 mg∙L−1). We conclude that Dimilin acts specifically on insects and crustaceans as a larvicide by interfering with chitin deposition into cuticles during juvenile development through ecdysis. The lack of effect from Dimilin on the chitin-producing diatoms has suggested that the insecticide may not inhibit chitin biosynthesis per se as was previously believed, but that it presumably deregulates one or more of the larval postsynthetic processes responsible for chitin integration into cuticles.

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21

Gusmão, Felipe, and A. D. McKinnon. "Egg production and naupliar growth of the tropical copepod Pseudodiaptomus australiensis in culture." Aquaculture Research 47, no. 5 (October 13, 2014): 1675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.12610.

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22

Puello-Cruz, A. C., S. Mezo-Villalobos, B. González-Rodríguez, and D. Voltolina. "Culture of the calanoid copepod Pseudodiaptomus euryhalinus (Johnson 1939) with different microalgal diets." Aquaculture 290, no. 3-4 (May 2009): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.02.016.

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23

Choi, Jong-Yun, and Seong-Ki Kim. "The Use of Winter Water Temperature and Food Composition by the Copepod Cyclops vicinus (Uljanin, 1875) to Provide a Temporal Refuge from Fish Predation." Biology 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10050393.

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Frequent predation induces various defense strategies in prey, including morphological changes or migration patterns in zooplankton. We hypothesized that the winter dominance of Cyclops vicinus in the Upo Wetlands, South Korea, is an evolved temporal defense mechanism to avoid fish predation. Long-term data (2014–2019) showed that fish consumed the most cyclopoid copepods from spring to autumn. Lepomis macrochirus preferentially consumed C. vicinus; thus, C. vicinus density was lower from spring to autumn. However, C. vicinus was abundant in winter when fish consumed fewer copepods. Nauplii density began to increase in late autumn (October–November), and their population growth was fueled through consumption of Cyclotella sp. and Rhodomonas sp. Culture experiments showed that Cyclotella sp. contributed more to the growth stage (copepodite or subadult) after nauplii than Rhodomonas sp. C. vicinus density was lower in the winters of 2013 and 2016 when the densities of these phytoplankton prey species were lower. In summary, although winter conditions were suitable for copepod survival and population growth, C. vicinus relied heavily on the diversity and species composition of its food sources. The winter dominance of C. vicinus could increase regional biodiversity and contribute significantly to the stability of the freshwater food web.

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Ramos, A. A., A. Weydmann, C. J. Cox, A. V. M. Canário, E. A. Serrão, and G. A. Pearson. "A transcriptome resource for the copepod Calanus glacialis across a range of culture temperatures." Marine Genomics 23 (October 2015): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margen.2015.03.014.

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Kim Hue, Nguyen Thi, Bert Deruyck, Ellen Decaestecker, Dries Vandamme, and Koenraad Muylaert. "Biological control of ciliate contamination in Chlamydomonas culture using the predatory copepod Acanthocyclops robustus." Algal Research 37 (January 2019): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2018.12.004.

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Sun, Bin, and John W. Fleeger. "Sustained mass culture of Amphiascoides atopus a marine harpacticoid copepod in a recirculating system." Aquaculture 136, no. 3-4 (November 1995): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(95)01064-5.

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Sarkisian, Brie L., Jason T. Lemus, Angelos Apeitos, Reginald B. Blaylock, and Eric A. Saillant. "An intensive, large-scale batch culture system to produce the calanoid copepod, Acartia tonsa." Aquaculture 501 (February 2019): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.11.042.

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K, Altaff, and Vijayaraj R. "Micro-Algal Diet for Copepod Culture with Reference to Their Nutritive Value – A Review." International Journal of Current Research and Review 13, no. 07 (2021): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2021.13705.

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Mukhanov, Vladimir S., and Daria Litvinyuk. "MICROBIAL CONTROL OF LIVE/DEAD ZOOPLANKTON RATIO IN SEVASTOPOL BAY." Ecologica Montenegrina 11 (July 26, 2017): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2017.11.9.

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To explain higher fraction of live zooplankton in heavily polluted and eutrophic Sevastopol Bay comparing with cleaner adjacent waters, a hypothesis has been proposed and tested experimentally that more intensive bacteria-driven decomposition of dead organisms in the bay reduced their pool and, as a result, increased the live-to-dead zooplankton ratio. In the experiment, a heat-killed batch culture of the copepod Calanipeda aquaedulcis was used as a substrate for decomposition by natural microbial communities from the waters of different pollution status. Bacterioplankton abundance and in situ decomposition rate of copepod carcasses were shown to be about 3-fold higher in the bay (1.3 × 106 cells ml-1 and 0.13 day-1, respectively) while an approximation of zooplankton non-predatory mortality rates gave equal values for both the sites (about 0.046 day-1). These findings call for revising the ways of interpreting the results of zooplankton viability assays in their relation to water pollution status.

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Knuckey, Richard M., Gale L. Semmens, Robert J. Mayer, and Michael A. Rimmer. "Development of an optimal microalgal diet for the culture of the calanoid copepod Acartia sinjiensis: Effect of algal species and feed concentration on copepod development." Aquaculture 249, no. 1-4 (September 2005): 339–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.02.053.

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K., Altaff. "Feeding and Reproductive Biology of Two Potential Calanoid Copepod Species of Pseudodiaptomus for Mass Culture." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 6, no. 2 (July 25, 2020): 246–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2020.v06i02.004.

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32

Isari, Stamatina, Soultana Zervoudaki, Janna Peters, Georgia Papantoniou, Carles Pelejero, and Enric Saiz. "Lack of evidence for elevated CO2-induced bottom-up effects on marine copepods: a dinoflagellate–calanoid prey–predator pair." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 3 (May 6, 2015): 650–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv078.

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Abstract Rising levels of atmospheric CO2 are responsible for a change in the carbonate chemistry of seawater with associated pH drops (acidification) projected to reach 0.4 units from 1950 to 2100. We investigated possible indirect effects of seawater acidification on the feeding, fecundity, and hatching success of the calanoid copepod Acartia grani, mediated by potential CO2-induced changes in the nutritional characteristics of their prey. We used as prey the autotrophic dinoflagellate Heterocapsa sp., cultured at three distinct pH levels (control: 8.17, medium: 7.96, and low: 7.75) by bubbling pure CO2 via a computer automated system. Acartia grani adults collected from a laboratory culture were acclimatized for 3 d at food suspensions of Heterocapsa from each pH treatment (ca. 500 cells ml−1; 300 μg C l−1). Feeding and egg production rates of the preconditioned females did not differ significantly among the three Heterocapsa diets. Egg hatching success, monitored once per day for the 72 h, did not reveal significant difference among treatments. These results are in agreement with the lack of difference in the cellular stoichiometry (C : N, C : P, and N : P ratios) and fatty acid concentration and composition encountered between the three tested Heterocapsa treatments. Our findings disagree with those of other studies using distinct types of prey, suggesting that this kind of indirect influence of acidification on copepods may be largely associated with interspecific differences among prey items with regard to their sensitivity to elevated CO2 levels.

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Agostini, Vanessa O., Alexandre J. Macedo, and Erik Muxagata. "Evaluation of antibiotics as a methodological procedure to inhibit free-living and biofilm bacteria in marine zooplankton culture." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 88, suppl 1 (May 10, 2016): 733–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150454.

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There is a problem with keeping culture medium completely or partially free from bacteria. The use of prokaryotic metabolic inhibitors, such as antibiotics, is suggested as an alternative solution, although such substances should not harm non-target organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments in inhibiting free-living and biofilm bacteria and their half-life in artificial marine environment using the copepod Acartia tonsa as bioindicador of non-harmful antibiotic combinations. Regarding to results, the application of 0.025 g L-1 penicillin G potassium + 0.08 g L-1 streptomycin sulphate + 0.04 g L-1 neomycin sulphate showed great potential for use in marine cultures and scientific experiments without lethal effects to non-target organisms. The effect of this combination starts within the first six hours of exposure and reduces up to 93 % the bacterial density, but the half-life is short, requiring replacement. No adverse changes in water quality were observed within 168 hours of exposure. As a conclusion, we can infer that this treatment was an effective procedure for zooplankton cultures and scientific experiments with the aim of measuring the role of free-living and biofilm in the marine community.

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MENDES MARQUES, Taisa, and Germán Augusto MURRIETA MOREY. "FIRST RECORD OF Neoergasilus japonicus (HARADA, 1930) (COPEPODA: CYCLOPOIDA) INFECTING A FISH SPECIES IN SOUTH AMERICA." Folia Amazónica 27, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24841/fa.v27i1.460.

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The parasitic copepod Neoergasilus japonicus (Harada, 1930), native to eastern Asia, was collected from Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) cultivated in a fish pound in the department of San Martin, Peru in July 2017. The parasite specimens were found attached to the base of the dorsal fin. Neoergasilus japonicus is widespread in different fish species across the world, being in this study recorded for the first time parasitizing a fish in South America. It is probably that exotic fish hosts associated with the fish-culture industry, such us the tilapia, is the responsible for the transportation and introduction into this part of the world.

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Araújo, Daniela Bastos, Suzana Cláudia Silveira Martins, Laurênia Maria Braga de Albuquerque, and Ernesto Hofer. "Influence of the copepod Mesocyclops longisetus (Crustacea: Cyclopidae) on the survival of Vibrio cholerae O1 in fresh water." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 12, no. 4 (December 1996): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1996000400015.

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In an experimental microcosm, an analysis was performed of the influence exerted by freshwater Mesocyclops longisetus copepods on the survival of Vibrio cholerae O1 serovar Inaba. In the State of Ceará, copepods are used in the control of Aedes aegypti larvae. The system consisted of water with a salinity of 0.27‰ and pH 7.5, which after sterilizing filtration was distributed into seven flasks with a volume of 400 ml; in each of six flasks, 10 live copepods were inoculated along with 1 ml of an 8-hour culture of Vibrio cholerae O1 at 37ºC in Alkaline Peptone Water, resulting in a concentration of 3.80x10(4) colony-forming units. The control flask contained only the water with the same bacterial suspension. The system was maintained for six days at room temperature (25-28ºC), and daily duplicate counts were performed in TCBS Agar. Results confirmed a clear association between Vibrio cholerae O1 and the live copepods, based on survival of the bacteria at compatible levels with the initial inoculation until the sixth day of the analysis.

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Jung, Min-Min. "Survival Strategies of the Rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis for Coexisting with the Copepod Apocyclops borneoensis in Laboratory Culture." Fisheries and aquatic sciences 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/fas.2012.0057.

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37

Souissi, Anissa, Sami Souissi, David Devreker, and Jiang-Shiou Hwang. "Occurence of intersexuality in a laboratory culture of the copepod Eurytemora affinis from the Seine estuary (France)." Marine Biology 157, no. 4 (December 19, 2009): 851–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1368-x.

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38

Li, Changling, Xiaoxia Luo, Xianghu Huang, and Binhe Gu. "Influences of Temperature on Development and Survival, Reproduction and Growth of a Calanoid Copepod (Pseudodiaptomus dubia)." Scientific World JOURNAL 9 (2009): 866–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2009.96.

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Pseudodiaptomus dubiais a calanoid copepod that is distributed widely in the estuarine-coastal waters of Asia and is a dominant copepod in the shrimp grow-out ponds in southern China. A laboratory culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the influences of water temperature on larval development, survival, and reproduction. Results indicate that within a temperature range from 15 to 35°C, larval development increases as the temperature increases. The water temperature for optimal larval survival rate ranges from 20 to 35°C. Longevity and egg hatching time decrease as the temperature increases from 20 to 35°C. Total fecundity and reproduction frequency increase as the water temperature increases, with the maximum at 30°C. Fecundity and reproduction frequency decrease when the temperature exceeds 30°C. Intrinsic growth rate (rm) ranges from 0.168 to 0.195 at 25 to 30°C; net reproduction rate (R0) and finite growth rate (?) are 163 to 264 and 1.183 to 1.215, respectively, when the temperature is greater than 20 and 35°C; population doubling time (t) varies from 3.556 to 4.128 days at temperatures less than 20 and 35°C. Population generation time (T) is negatively correlated with temperature, with the optimal population growth rate at 25 to 30°C.

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39

Broach, Jason S., Eric J. Cassiano, and Craig A. Watson. "Baseline culture parameters for the cyclopoid copepod Oithona colcarva : a potential new live feed for marine fish larviculture." Aquaculture Research 48, no. 8 (February 27, 2017): 4461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.13271.

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40

Lemus, Jason, John Ogle, and Jeffrey Lotz. "Increasing Production of Copepod Nauplii in a Brown-Water Zooplankton Culture with Supplemental Feeding and Increased Harvest Levels." North American Journal of Aquaculture 66, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/a03-038.1.

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41

Lee, Kyun-Woo, Jae-Sung Rhee, Jeonghoon Han, Heum Gi Park, and Jae-Seong Lee. "Effect of culture density and antioxidants on naupliar production and gene expression of the cyclopoid copepod, Paracyclopina nana." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 161, no. 2 (February 2012): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.10.019.

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42

Alajmi, Fahad, and Chaoshu Zeng. "The effects of stocking density on key biological parameters influencing culture productivity of the calanoid copepod, Parvocalanus crassirostris." Aquaculture 434 (October 2014): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.08.029.

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43

Magouz, Fawzy I., Mohamed A. Essa, Mustafa Matter, Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Mohamed Alkafafy, and Mohamed Ashour. "Population Dynamics, Fecundity and Fatty Acid Composition of Oithona nana (Cyclopoida, Copepoda), Fed on Different Diets." Animals 11, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051188.

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The marine copepod species Oithona nana is considered as one of the most successfully mass cultured Cyclopoida species in marine hatcheries. This study investigated the effects of four feed diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch) on the population growth, growth rate, population composition, fecundity, and fatty acid composition of native isolated Cyclopoida copepod species O. nana. The experiment was continued for 15 days and the copepods were fed on one of the four diets with a concentration of 1 g 10−6 individual day−1. The results revealed that corn starch was found to be the most supportive diet for population growth and population growth rate. For nutritional value, copepods fed on rice bran were detected to have the highest content of MUFA, PUFA, and the lowest SFA and SFA/UFA ratio; more importantly, the rice bran diet was the only treatment that showed C20:5ω3. Moreover, copepods fed on rice bran showed the highest significant female fecundity, copepodite, and nauplii percent. Finally, the protocols described in the current study concluded that the dry feeds, especially corn starch, are very useful and applicable in hatcheries for maximizing the fecundity and density of Cyclopoida copepod species, O. nana.

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44

Chilmawati, Diana, and Suminto. "The Effect of Different Diet of Phytoplankton Cells on Growth Performance of Copepod, Oithona sp. in Semi-mass Culture." Aquatic Procedia 7 (August 2016): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqpro.2016.07.005.

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45

Chilmawati, Diana, Johannes Hutabarat, Sutrisno Anggoro, and Suminto Suminto. "Effects of Aeration Flow Rate in the Culture Medium on the Growth Performance and Egg Production of Copepod Oithona similis Fed with Fermented Organic Diet." E3S Web of Conferences 147 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014701006.

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The availability of copepod Oithona similis as live food organism for shrimp and marine fish larvae is strongly influenced by the optimum feed and environment conditions. Optimization of dissolved oxygen (DO) for O. similis can be carried out by providing proper aeration in culture media. Feeding with fermented organic diet besides phytoplankton is expected to support the individual growth, metabolism, and reproduction of O. similis. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different aeration flow rates on the growth performance and egg production of O. similis and to determine the optimum aeration flow rate. Completely Randomized Design Experiment used in this study with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was O. similis culture with different aeration flow rate of 0.00; 22.00; 45.67; 66.67 mL.second-1. The results showed that the difference aeration flow rate significantly affected (p <0.05) the growth performance and egg production of O. similis. The aeration flow rate of 45.67 mL.second-1 provided the best growth performance with total density of 81.25 ± 2.99 ind.mL-1; population specific growth rate 0.220 ± 0.002 day-1; and egg production28.40 ± 0.48 eggs.ind-1. Moreover, the optimum aeration flow rate culture medium for O. similis is 45.70 mL.second-1.

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Souza-Santos, Lília P., Julia M. O. Pastor, Natasha G. Ferreira, Weruska M. Costa, Cristiane M. V. Araújo-Castro, and Paulo J. P. Santos. "Developing the harpacticoid copepod Tisbe biminiensis culture: testing for salinity tolerance, ration levels, presence of sediment and density dependent analyses." Aquaculture Research 37, no. 15 (November 2006): 1516–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01586.x.

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Santos, P. J. P., J. Castel, and L. P. Souza-Santos. "Development time of harpacticoid copepods: some empirical models and implications." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79, no. 6 (December 1999): 1123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315499001381.

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Some meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod species cannot be successfully cultured, therefore empirical models were developed to estimate their development times, using literature data, but taking into consideration several empirical rules previously formulated to model the development of planktonic copepods. The present models demonstrated the overwhelming influence of rearing temperature on egg development time, and of body length on total development time and indicate a capacity to adapt development rates to environmental temperature.

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Martinez Cordova, Luis R., Alfredo Campana Torres, Marcel Martinez Porchas, Jose A. Lopez Elias, and Celia O. Garcia Sifuentes. "Effect of alternative mediums on production and proximate composition of the microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri as food in culture of the copepod Acartia sp." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 40, no. 1 (March 10, 2012): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol40-issue1-fulltext-16.

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49

Vdodovich, I. V., A. N. Khanaychenko, A. D. Gubanova, E. A. Kolesnikova, and L. O. Aganesova. "Identification of some common food items in the guts of fish larvae and juveniles in the Black Sea." Marine Biological Journal 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2017.02.1.01.

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Over the past decade the positive trends in the average annual number of fish larvae and in the copepod population dynamics in the coastal area of the Black Sea agree. The increased fish larvae abundance is hypothesized due to improvement of their nutrition associated with the drastic increase in number of introduced invasive cyclopoid copepod Oithona davisae. This assumption is difficult to be verified through fish gut content analysis in absence of methodology allowing prey species identification from their fragmentary residual remnants. Our paper offers an original approach to identification of several common copepod prey using specific distinctive features detected on their chitin fragments from guts of fish larvae and juveniles. To identify specific features of the common species from the coastal areas off Sevastopol (Acartia tonsa, Oithona davisae, Longipedia sp., Cyclopina sp.), alive copepods were isolated from the samples and reared as monospecific cultures in laboratory. Images of alive copepods of each species at successive stages of development and their moulted exoskeletons were compared with the images of chitin remnants found in the fish guts. This technique discloses relatively intact specific morphological features remaining undigested in chitin fragments of prey. These species-specific taxonomic features are suggested to be used for trophic analysis of the Black Sea fishes at early stages of development. Application of proposed method is helpful for assessment of qualitative and quantitative composition of consumed prey and selectivity of fish, especially during the changes in zooplankton community structure affecting significantly survival of fish generations.

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Hansen, B., F. L. Fotel, N. J. Jensen, and S. D. Madsen. "Bacteria associated with a marine planktonic copepod in culture. II. Degradation of fecal pellets produced on a diatom, a nanoflagellate or a dinoflagellate diet." Journal of Plankton Research 18, no. 2 (1996): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/18.2.275.

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