Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cooperative relay system

Academic literature on the topic 'Cooperative relay system'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Jiang, Bin, Yue Tang, Jianrong Bao, Chao Liu, and Yanhai Shang. "Efficient Polar Coded Selective Decode-and-Forward with Cooperative Decision Threshold in Cooperative Multi-Relay Transmissions." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010165.

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In some satellite Internet of Things (IoT) devices with terrain shielding, the qualities of the direct source-destination (S-D) channel are poor, requiring cooperative communications with multi-relays to be employed. In order to solve error propagation of current decode-and-forward (DF) on such occasions, an efficient polar coded selective decode-and-forward (SDF) cooperation method is proposed with a new decision threshold derived from channel state information (CSI). First, the proposed threshold is derived from the CSI by exploiting the channel gain ratio of optimal relay-destination link (R-D) with source-relay (S-R) link. The above R-D link possesses good channel quality among all links in the system. Second, when the channel gain ratio of certain relay links is larger than the aforementioned decision threshold, the source and all these relays cooperatively send messages together to the destination to accomplish perfect SDF transmission. Otherwise, all relays are frozen and the messages are directly transmitted through the S-D link. If it fails anyway, a retransmission is subsequently tried in the next transmission cycle. In addition, a polar code for fading channels is designed and adaptively adjusted to a proper code rate according to channel quality to attain good bit error rate (BER) performance. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves about 0.9 and 0.5 dB gain at BER of 10−4, respectively, in multi-relay cooperative communications with multi-path fading channels compared with those of non-cooperation and existing polar coded cooperation channels. Therefore, the proposed polar coded SDF (PCSDF) scheme can improve both the BER and the outage probability (OP) performance in multi-relay cooperative systems, making it quite suitable for heterogeneous network applications in cooperative satellite IoT systems involving sixth-generation (6G) communications.
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Alawady, Ahmed Allawy, Ahmed Alkhayyat, Mohammed Ahmed Jubair, Mustafa Hamid Hassan, and Salama A. Mostafa. "Analyzing bit error rate of relay sensors selection in wireless cooperative communication systems." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i1.2492.

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Cooperative communication systems, which make use of the intermediate relays between the transmitter and the receiver, have been employed as an effective technique to combat the channel fading and to enhance system performance. Cooperative systems have some drawbacks such as high latency and may diversity order not guaranteed. To alleviate the negative effects of these factors, the relay selection protocol is employed in cooperative communication systems to increase overall cooperative system performance. Relay selection in the cooperative systems enables the source to cooperate with the single relay node rather than multiple relay nodes which guaranteed the diversity order.
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Nasaruddin, Nasaruddin, Rony Kurnia, and Ramzi Adriman. "Efisiensi Daya Protokol Quantize and Forward Pada Sistem Komunikasi Kooperatif Multi-relay." Jurnal Rekayasa Elektrika 13, no. 1 (April 27, 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17529/jre.v13i1.6568.

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One of effective diversity techniques to combat fading on wireless channel is a cooperative communication system in which a source sends information through several relays and then forward it to a destination. A cooperative communication system has shown increased the system performance and reduced the energy consumption. However, it depends on the used relay mechanism that is relay protocols such as quantize and forward (QF) and amplify and forward (AF). In the previous research, energy efficiency of AF relay has investigated for a single-relay cooperative system, but multi-relay is more practical. Therefore, this research focuses on power efficiency in multi-relay cooperative communication system using QF protocol. The research method used is mathematical analysis and computer simulation for outage probability and power efficiency in the multi-relay QF. Simulation result found that multi-relay QF system could provide a high power efficiency, but the efficiency is reduced when the distance ratio increases. Power efficiency can be increased by adding the number of relays in the system. A comparison of power efficiency for QF and AF protocols has simulated, in which power efficiency of multi-relay QF is higher than that of multi-relay AF at distance ratio and power transmit. Thus, multi-relay QF system can provide high performance and power efficiency in the cooperative communication system.
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Nasaruddin, Nasaruddin, Elizar Mustafa, and Yusnidar Yusnidar. "Performance Evaluation of Amplify-Quantize and Forward Protocol for Multi-relay Cooperative Networks." ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 15, no. 1 (August 22, 2016): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2017151.171272.

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Fading which occurs during the process of information transmission can significantly degrade system performance. The cooperative communication system is a well-known diversity technique that is able to mitigate the impact of fading. The relay protocol is the core of such systems. In this research, we evaluated the performance of amplify-quantize and forward (AQF) relays using a hybrid of two protocols: amplify-and-forward (AF) and quantize-and-forward (QF). The outage probability and throughput of multi-relay cooperative networks were derived, and computer simulation was used to evaluate the impact of a number of parameters on the performance of the AQF relay for multi-relay cooperative networks. We also compared the outage probability and throughput of AF, QF, and direct link networks. The outage probability of AQF decreased as the number of relays increased, whereas the throughput increased. We demonstrated that amplification values and quantization levels have a significant impact on the performance of AQF multi-relay networks. Overall, AQF performed better in terms of outage probability and throughput than AF and QF, for multi-relay cooperative networks.
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Ren, Jin. "A Switch On/Off Relaying Scheme in TDMB Cooperative System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 462-463 (November 2013): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.462-463.167.

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Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (TDMB) is one popular broadcasting standard that enable digital television transmissions to hand held receivers and cooperative system take advantage of the broadcast nature of wireless channels, uses relay stations as virtual antennas. Relay stations are an attractive solution to penetrate the wireless system with lower transmitting power at the Base station. In this paper, we presented a scheme can switch on/off the power weighting ratio between Base station and Relay station in TDMB cooperative system. It will control the active relays in different channel propagations effectively.
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D., Damodaram. "MIMO Based Cooperative Communication and Joint Maximum-Likelihood Detection for Cognitive Radio System." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 10, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a5720.0510121.

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In this work, novel cooperative communication strategies like Decode and Forward based relay schemes, joint maximum likelihood signal detection in combinational Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) cooperative relay cognitive networks are used. The joint cooperative signal detection using Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detector at each relays, and associated path links improves the quality of services at the destination node, which can be dynamically altered using different relay combinations and associated iterative computational complexity accumulated during ML detection. Here the relay performs ML decoding and transmit the detected symbols to the destination and also to the multiple antennas equipped for cooperative communication. The same ML detection at the destination combines the MIMO based diversity to narrow down the error probability among different orthogonal transmissions. The combination of iterative signal detection and relay assisted decoding scheme shows superior error rate performance when compared to non-iterative hard decoded signal detection. The simulations results proved the influence of MIMO assisted cooperative communication and the associated performance penalty gaps that come with imperfect channel state information at the destination node.
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Hassan, Jamal A., and Samah A. Mustafa. "Capacity of Cooperative Spatial Modulation (CSM) System with Optimum Relay Selection." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (July 24, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8345878.

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In this work, the capacity of the cooperative spatial modulation (CSM) system is analysed. Relay-aided transmission is considered to improve the coverage and the reliability using decode and forward scheme. Due to the nonclosed form of the spatial modulation capacity function, its upper and lower bounds are derived. The lower bound of the capacity is exploited to formulate the optimal relay selection problem to maximize the channel utilization, where the optimal relay selection algorithm (ORSA) and modified maximum harmonic mean (MMHM) are proposed to select single or multiple relays. A comparison study in terms of the performance and the computational complexity is presented for the evaluation purpose. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the capacity of CSM compared to other most popular relay selection strategies.
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Bao, Jianrong, Jiawen Wu, Chao Liu, Bin Jiang, and Xianghong Tang. "Optimized Power Allocation and Relay Location Selection in Cooperative Relay Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9727360.

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An incremental selection hybrid decode-amplify forward (ISHDAF) scheme for the two-hop single relay systems and a relay selection strategy based on the hybrid decode-amplify-and-forward (HDAF) scheme for the multirelay systems are proposed along with an optimized power allocation for the Internet of Thing (IoT). Given total power as the constraint and outage probability as an objective function, the proposed scheme possesses good power efficiency better than the equal power allocation. By the ISHDAF scheme and HDAF relay selection strategy, an optimized power allocation for both the source and relay nodes is obtained, as well as an effective reduction of outage probability. In addition, the optimal relay location for maximizing the gain of the proposed algorithm is also investigated and designed. Simulation results show that, in both single relay and multirelay selection systems, some outage probability gains by the proposed scheme can be obtained. In the comparison of the optimized power allocation scheme with the equal power allocation one, nearly 0.1695 gains are obtained in the ISHDAF single relay network at a total power of 2 dB, and about 0.083 gains are obtained in the HDAF relay selection system with 2 relays at a total power of 2 dB.
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Yang, Ping, Weichao Kuang, and Shanjin Wang. "Relay Selection for Dual-Hop Cooperative Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems." Sensors 23, no. 13 (June 21, 2023): 5791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135791.

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Previous works only focus on the optimization design for the dual-hop cooperative ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) system with single-relay selection. The impact of relay selection on the outage performance of dual-hop cooperative AmBC systems is still missing. Motivated by this, in this paper, we investigate the outage performance of a dual-hop cooperative AmBC system with single-relay selection, where the backscatter link shares the receiver with the cellular link and the harmful direct-link interference (DLI) is mitigated by using successive interference cancellation (SIC). In the system considered, the selected relay has dual functions. One is to forward message for the cellular link, and the other is to act as the radio-frequency (RF) source for the backscatter device (BD). Specifically, after proposing two novel single-relay selection schemes (RSSs), namely reactive RSS and proactive RSS, we derive the closed-form outage probability (OP) expressions for both RSSs, which can be performed in a distributed manner. To gain more insights, the asymptotic OPs at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are explored and the outage performance comparison between the reactive RSS and proactive RSS are also provided. Results show that the proposed reactive RSS is outage-optimal among all possible single-relay selection schemes. The theoretical analysis is validated by Monte Carlo simulations. The results also show that the relay selection scheme, the number of relays, the location of BD, and the reflection coefficient of BD have great impact on the outage performance of cooperative AmBC systems.
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Tran, Thanh-Nam, and Miroslav Voznak. "HD/FD and DF/AF with Fixed-Gain or Variable-Gain Protocol Switching Mechanism over Cooperative NOMA for Green-Wireless Networks." Sensors 19, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 1845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081845.

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This article studied the application of multiple protocol switching mechanism (PSM) over cooperating Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) networks to minimize the probability of outage and maximize the system throughput and energy efficiency (EE). This study investigated six scenarios: (1) a cooperative NOMA system with half-duplex (HD) and decode-and-forward (DF) protocols at the relay; (2) a cooperative NOMA system with full-duplex (FD) and DF protocols at the relay; (3) a cooperative NOMA system with HD and amplification amplify-and-forward (AF) with fixed-gain (FG) protocols at the relay; (4) a cooperative NOMA system with HD and amplification AF with variable-gain (VG) protocols at the relay; (5) a cooperative NOMA system with FD and amplification AF with FG protocols at the relay; (6) a cooperative NOMA system with FD and amplification AF with VG protocols at the relay. Based on the results of analysis and simulations, the study determined the transmission scenario for best system performance. This paper also proposed a mechanism to switch between HD/FD and DF/AF with FG/VG protocols in order to improve the quality of service (QoS) for users with a weak conditional channel. This mechanism can be deployed in future 5G wireless network sensors. Finally, EE was also assessed in relation to future green-wireless networks (G-WNs).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Eddaghel, Masoud. "Mitigating PAPR in cooperative wireless networks with frequency selective channels and relay selection." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16339.

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The focus of this thesis is peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in cooperative wireless networks which exploit orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in transmission. To reduce the PAPR clipping is employed at the source node. The first contribution focuses upon an amplify-and-forward (AF) type network with four relay nodes which exploits distributed closed loop extended orthogonal space frequency block coding to improve end-to-end performance. Oversampling and filtering are used at the source node to reduce out-of-band interference and the iterative amplitude reconstruction decoding technique is used at the destination node to mitigate in-band distortion which is introduced by the clipping process. In addition, by exploiting quantized group feedback and phase rotation at two of the relay nodes, the system achieves full cooperative diversity in addition to array gain. The second contribution area is outage probability analysis in the context of multi-relay selection in a cooperative AF network with frequency selective fading channels. The gains of time domain multi-path fading channels with L paths are modeled with an Erlang distribution. General closed form expressions for the lower and upper bounds of outage probability are derived for arbitrary channel length L as a function of end-to-end signal to noise ratio. This analysis is then extended for the case when single relay selection from an arbitrary number of relay nodes M is performed. The spatial and temporal cooperative diversity gain is then analysed. In addition, exact form of outage probability for multi-path channel length L = 2 and selecting the best single relay from an arbitrary number of relay nodes M is obtained. Moreover, selecting a pair of relays when L = 2 or 3 is additionally analysed. Finally, the third contribution context is outage probability analysis of a cooperative AF network with single and two relay pair selection from M available relay nodes together with clipping at the source node, which is explicitly modelled. MATLAB and Maple software based simulations are employed throughout the thesis to support the analytical results and assess the performance of algorithms and methods.
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Lanzarini, Matteo. "Distributed optimization methods for cooperative beamforming in satellite communications." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23246/.

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This thesis analyzes various beamforming techniques and theories of space information networking (SIN), with the aim of merging and using them in real application. We propose then two algorithm to solve two different problem linked to satellites and beamforming. The first one show a cluster of satellites that performs collaborative beamforming to reach an Earth user, while reducing interference in secondary directions. Then we consider a problem for hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay networks (HSTRNs), where multiple geostationary satellites transmit signals to multiple Earth terminal, with the help of multiple single-antenna relays.
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Çelebi, Mehmet Bahadır. "On the Improvement of the Capacity of the Heterogeneous Networks with Link-Level and System-Level Approaches." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5353.

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Evolution of wireless services enabled the development of the advanced applications and shifted the paradigms of research in this field from voice to data centric. Such services are spreading like wildfire between users and hence, increasing the demand for large bandwidth. However, the frequency spectrum that is suitable for wireless mobile communications is already assigned to particular services from 400 MHz to several GHz. Also, allocating a large chunk of band continuously from the same part of the spectrum may not be possible due to spectral crowd. Therefore, meeting the demand for high data rate requiring wireless services within the accessible spectrum range becomes a challenging problem. The spectrum allocation policies are discussed by regulatory authorities and academia, and the idea of spectrum sharing systems are addressed as a solution. For instance, heterogeneous networks (HetNets) increase the number of available resources and improve the spectrum accessing capabilities of the wireless communication systems. To achieve this, HetNet nodes are deployed within the coverage of the macrocell regions. Thus, spectral efficiency is boosted via spatial reuse of the same spectral resources. On the contrary, HetNets preclude to fully exploit the resources because of serious interference problems between macrocell and HetNet nodes. Thus, wireless networks of the future will observe interference from even a larger number of sources. Due to co-channel HetNet deployment and denser frequency reuse, interference cancellation is expected to have significant importance for future wireless communication systems. The occupied resources can also be reused as a solution by conducting advanced signal processing algorithms at the receiver to increase the spectral efficiency. While doing so, the proposed approaches are expected to be easily integrated with the existing complementary approaches to improve the capacity further. Besides, new deployment strategies that allow spectrum access for non-licensed users to achieve larger bandwidth become important to increase the spectral efficiency of the HetNets. Within the scope of the dissertation, new solutions are developed for the aforementioned problems of the next-generation wireless communication systems. First, an interference cancellation receiver that exploits the unique characteristics of current waveforms is developed in Chapter 2. Also the unknown model of interference is converted to a known model and new algorithms are proposed to recover the desired signal. Then, another perspective is brought into the subject by transforming the interference problem to an interference advantage in Chapter 3. The idea of co-existence of different types of signals are analyzed to bring another degree of freedom as a solution. The proposed approaches are integrated to the existing complementary approaches, such as interference coordination and power control, to improve the capacity further. Finally, a cooperation mechanism is suggested to facilitate the transmission of signal which has a large bandwidth by integrating the idle bands in Chapter 4. By this way, geo-spatially idle bands within the coverage area are utilized and spectral efficiency is increased.
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Wu, Victor Kai Yuen. "OFDM-based cooperative communications in a single path relay network and a multiple path relay network." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11092006-152421/.

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Danaee, Ahmad. "Precoder Design for Cooperative MIMO Relay Systems." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1372335578.

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Abadi, Tarla. "Design and performance analysis of cooperative relay systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-and-performance-analysis-of-cooperative-relay-systems(8edce5bc-1518-4df2-aa49-36bf5386036a).html.

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Cooperative relay systems have emerged as promising techniques to boost the performance of wireless systems. Recent studies have confirmed that interferences, co-channel interferences (CCIs) and self-interferences, have a huge impact on cooperative relay systems and can cause significant performance degradation. Two problems were observed in this research. Firstly, previous studies on performance analysis of Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relay systems in presence of CCIs have only focused on a specific interference channel model. However, in practical design scenarios, such an assumption is not a realistic proposition. Secondly, analyses of overheads introduced by a time-based relay selection protocol in distributed cooperative systems have been based on an over-pessimistic assumption where all packets involved in a collision are destroyed. Nevertheless, collisions due to the protocol overheads cause the system performance to be degraded but this does not mean that the failure of end-to-end transmission certainly occurs. The thesis aims to analyse the performance of practical cooperative relay systems in the presence of CCIs and self-interferences, by developing exact mathematical methods. A new unified mathematical method for AF relay systems in presence of a random number of arbitrary non-identical CCIs was developed. The obtained new approach derived in terms of a moment generating function of the aggregate interferences' power led to the derivation of new explicit expressions. The new results greatly simplify evaluation of average error rates over diverse practical interference scenarios. Moreover, a new exact mathematical analysis for distributed cooperative relay systems employing a time-based relay selection protocol based on an accurate interference model was presented. This approach led to the derivation of new exact expressions for the spectral efficiency which accounts for both self-interferences and the protocol overheads as well as for different fading scenarios and arbitrary relay locations. This approach provided several advantages over direct approaches, one of which is that it significantly simplified averaging-out the joint random variables involved.
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Zhang, Shunqing. "Cooperative relay in the next generation wireless networks /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202009%20ZHANGS.

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Hesketh, Thomas John. "Detection and resource allocation algorithms for cooperative MIMO relay systems." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6145/.

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Cooperative communications and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems are important topics in current research that will play key roles in the future of wireless networks and standards. In this thesis, the various challenges in accurately detecting and estimating data signals and allocating resources in the cooperative systems are investigated. Firstly, we propose a cross-layer design strategy that consists of a cooperative maximum likelihood (ML) detector operating in conjunction with link selection for a cooperative MIMO network. Two new link selection schemes are proposed, along with an iterative detection and decoding (IDD) scheme that utilises channel coding techniques. Simulation results show the performance and potential gains of the proposed schemes. Secondly, a successive interference cancellation (SIC) detector is proposed for a MIMO system that has dynamic ordering based on a reliability ordering (RO), and an alternative multiple feedback (MF) candidate cancellation method. The complexity of these schemes is analysed and a hard decision feedback IDD system is also proposed. Results show that the proposed detector can give gains over existing schemes for a minimal amount of extra complexity. Lastly, a detector is proposed that is based upon the method of widely linear (WL) filtering and a multiple branch (MB) SIC, for an overloaded, multi-user cooperative MIMO system. The use of WL methods is explained, and a new method of choosing cancellation branches for an MB detector is proposed with an analysis of the complexity required. A list-based IDD system is developed, and simulation results show that the proposed detector can operate in an overloaded system and provide improved performance gains.
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Duo, Bin. "Polar Coding Schemes for Cooperative Transmission Systems." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14619.

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: In this thesis, a serially-concatenated coding scheme with a polar code as the outer code and a low density generator matrix (LDGM) code as the inner code is firstly proposed. It is shown that that the proposed scheme provides a method to improve significantly the low convergence of polar codes and the high error floor of LDGM codes while keeping the advantages of both such as the low encoding and decoding complexity. The bit error rate results show that the proposed scheme by reasonable design have the potential to approach a performance close to the capacity limit and avoid error floor effectively. Secondly, a novel transmission protocol based on polar coding is proposed for the degraded half-duplex relay channel. In the proposed protocol, the relay only needs to forward a part of the decoded source message that the destination needs according to the exquisite nested structure of polar codes. It is proved that the scheme can achieve the capacity of the half-duplex relay channel while enjoying low encoding/decoding complexity. By modeling the practical system, we verify that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme designed by low-density parity-check codes by simulations. Finally, a generalized partial information relaying protocol is proposed for degraded multiple-relay networks with orthogonal receiver components (MRN-ORCs). In such a protocol, each relay node decodes the received source message with the help of partial information from previous nodes and re-encodes part of the decoded message for transmission to satisfy the decoding requirements for the following relay node or the destination node. For the design of polar codes, the nested structures are constructed based on this protocol and the information sets corresponding to the partial messages forwarded are also calculated. It is proved that the proposed scheme achieves the theoretical capacity of the degraded MRN-ORCs while still retains the low-complexity feature of polar codes.
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Li, Houmin Thomas Gwynedd A. "Geotextile antenna design for mobile phone cooperative communication relay node." Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1498.

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Books on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Hong, Peter Y. W. Cooperative Communications and Networking: Technologies and System Design. Boston, MA: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010.

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Liu, K. J. Ray, 1961-, ed. Cooperative communications and networking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Zhu, Jia, and Yulong Zou. Physical-Layer Security for Cooperative Relay Networks. Springer, 2016.

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Zhu, Jia, and Yulong Zou. Physical-Layer Security for Cooperative Relay Networks. Springer, 2018.

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Zhu, Jia, and Yulong Zou. Physical-Layer Security for Cooperative Relay Networks. Springer London, Limited, 2016.

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Martin, Cathie Jo. Skill Builders and the Evolution of National Vocational Training Systems. Edited by John Buchanan, David Finegold, Ken Mayhew, and Chris Warhurst. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199655366.013.2.

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Some countries develop the (general) skills of industrial workers largely through regular secondary education systems whereas other nations rely on a network of industrial schools and apprenticeship programs to offer their workers credentialed industry or firm-specific occupational skills. Skills Builders delves into the origins of diverse forms. First, patterns of industrial development and economic cleavages shaped the development of skills-training institutions; thus countries with stark regional heterogeneity have been less likely to develop national training systems. Second, the legacies from pre-industrial patterns of cooperation in some nations – most prominently, from the guild system – have encouraged both employers and workers to negotiate collective vocational training institutions. Third, the political features of the state (most importantly, the structure of party competition and degree of federal power sharing) reinforce or work against collectivist solutions to skills needs, cooperative industrial relations systems, and entrenched regional cleavages. Finally, both employers and workers become more committed to skills training when these groups are institutionally well-organized and are given a significant role in the creation and oversight of training programs.
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Krikidis, Ioannis, and Gan Zheng. Advanced Relay Technologies in Next Generation Wireless Communications. Institution of Engineering & Technology, 2016.

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Advanced Relay Technologies in Next Generation Wireless Communications. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016.

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Markus, Eikel. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 44 External Support and Internal Coordination—The ICC and the Protection of Witnesses. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0044.

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The protection of witnesses forms part of the core mandate of the Court. It is a crucial aspect of pre-trial and trial proceedings. The Statute divides institutional responsibilities among different organs (i.e. OTP, Registry, and Chambers), without clearly defining their roles. This Chapter re-visits this relationship and focuses on witness protection as an aspect of governance of the Court. It introduces Court practices, such as risk assessment or the ICC initial response system. It argues that the Court should rely on a comprehensive inter-organ approach in relation to protective measures. It shows that the Court is in need of increased support and cooperation from States Parties and other external actors in order to improve its protective capacity, including relocation. Promoting domestic capacity in the field of protective measures may be a possible way of improvement, but it would require sufficient expertise and neutrality.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Han, Shuai, Yi Zhang, Weixiao Meng, and Ningqing Liu. "Power Allocation for Full Duplex Decode-and-Forward Cooperative Relay System." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 374–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90802-1_33.

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Wu, Shuting, Yucheng He, Yu Zhang, Yan Zhang, and Lin Zhou. "Performance Analysis and Relay Selection of D2D Aided Cooperative NOMA System." In Advances in Wireless Communications and Applications, 35–44. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2255-8_4.

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Lee, Wooju, Kyongkuk Cho, Dongweon Yoon, Sang Kyu Park, and Yeonsoo Jang. "Frequency Allocation Scheme to Maximize Cell Capacity in a Cellular System with Cooperative Relay." In Smart Spaces and Next Generation Wired/Wireless Networking, 358–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04190-7_32.

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Dimitriou, Ioannis. "A Retrial Queue to Model a Two-Relay Cooperative Wireless System with Simultaneous Packet Reception." In Analytical and Stochastic Modelling Techniques and Applications, 123–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43904-4_9.

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Tran, The-Nghiep, Van-Bien Pham, and Huu-Minh Nguyen. "The Asynchronous Cooperative Amplify-and-Forward Relay Network with Partial Feedback to Improve the System Performance." In Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 612–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49073-1_65.

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Can, Başak. "Background on Cooperative Communications and the Systems Considered*." In Link Adaptation for Relay-Based Cellular Networks, 13–37. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003338765-2.

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Gui, Guan, and Bin Lyu. "Relay Cooperation for Backscatter Communication Systems." In SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, 73–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01021-8_5.

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Jing, Tao, Fan Zhang, Wei Cheng, Yan Huo, and Xiuzhen Cheng. "Online Auction Based Relay Selection for Cooperative Communications in CR Networks." In Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications, 482–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07782-6_44.

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Kumarapandian, Shamganth, and Martin James Sibley. "Relay Selection-Based Physical-Layer Security Enhancement in Cooperative Wireless Network." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 305–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0132-6_22.

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Pandey, Anshul, and Suneel Yadav. "Secrecy Capacity Analysis of Cooperative Vehicular Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 475–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1249-7_45.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Alkhayyat, Ahmed, Dalal Abdulmohsin Hammood, and Mahmoud Shuker Mahmoud. "Relay Selection Algorithm in Cooperative Communication System." In 2020 3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and its Applications (IICETA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiceta50496.2020.9318889.

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Pandey, Ashwani Kumar, and Vidhyacharan Bhaskar. "Performance analysis of MIMO multi relay system in cooperative relay network." In 2013 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing (ICCSP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsp.2013.6577192.

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Weijia Lei, Xiangming Li, Xianzhong Xie, and Guangjun Li. "Wireless cooperative relay system using digital fountain codes." In 2009 International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccas.2009.5250527.

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Abualhaol, Ibrahim Y., and M. S. Bawa'aneh. "Capacity analysis of cooperative relay-based communication system." In 2011 IEEE GCC Conference and Exhibition (GCC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieeegcc.2011.5752506.

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Shen, Xiaochen, Chunyan Feng, and Tiankui Zhang. "Optimal Capacity Analysis in the Cooperative Relay System." In 2009 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2009.5304882.

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Malik, Saransh, Dahee No, Dae Jin Kim, Sangmi Moon, Se Young Kim, Intae Hwang, Bora Kim, and Jin Lee. "Smart cooperative relay schemes in LTE-advanced system." In the 6th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2184751.2184756.

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Lin, Ying, Suoping Li, Haiyan Chen, and Duo Peng. "Capacity maximization on multi-relay MIMO cooperative system." In 2016 12th International Conference on Natural Computation and 13th Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (ICNC-FSKD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2016.7603246.

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Jingqiu Ren, Guanghua Zhang, Weidang Lu, and Weixiao Meng. "A relay handoff algorithm in cooperative diversity system." In 2013 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2013.6555336.

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Lan, Jian, Ting Zhou, Hua Qian, and Lei Xiong. "Inter-symbol bit rearrangement for cooperative relay system." In 2015 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccchina.2015.7448676.

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Kim, Younsun, and Hui Liu. "Cooperative Infrastructure Relay System and its Capacity Analysis." In 2007 16th IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istmwc.2007.4299078.

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Reports on the topic "Cooperative relay system"

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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Bruce A. Webb. Potentiation of Pest Control by Insect Immunosuppression. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592113.bard.

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Abstract:
The restricted host range of many baculoviruses, highly pathogenic to Lepidoptera and non-pathogenic to mammals, limits their use to single or few closely related Lepidopteran species and is an obstacle to extending their implementation for pest control. The insect immune response is a major determinant of the ability of an insect pathogen to efficiently multiply and propagate. We have developed an original model system to study the Lepidopteran antiviral immune response based on Spodoptera littoralis resistance to AcMNPV (Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus) infection and the fascinating immunosuppressive activity of polydnaviruses .Our aim is to elucidate the mechanisms through which the immunosuppressive insect polydnaviruses promote replication of pathogenic baculoviruses in lepidopteran hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to virus- replication. In this study we : 1- Assessed the extent to which and the mechanisms whereby the immunosuppressive Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus (CsV) or its genes enhanced replication of a well-characterized pathogenic baculovirus AcMNPV, in polydnavirus-immunosuppressedH. zea and S. littoralis insects and S. littoralis cells, hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to AcMNPV. 2- Identified CsV genes involved in the above immunosuppression (e.g. inhibiting cellular encapsulation and disrupting humoral immunity). We showed that: 1. S. littoralis larvae mount an immune response against a baculovirus infection. 2. Immunosuppression of an insect pest improves the ability of a viral pathogen, the baculovirus AcMNPV, to infect the pest. 3. For the first time two PDV-specific genes of the vankyrin and cystein rich-motif families involved in immunosuppression of the host, namely Pvank1 and Hv1.1 respectively, enhanced the efficacy of an insect pathogen toward a semipermissive pest. 4. Pvank1 inhibits apoptosis of Spodopteran cells elucidating one functional aspect of PDVvankyrins. 5. That Pvank-1 and Hv1.1 do not show cooperative effect in S. littoralis when co-expressed during AcMNPV infection. Our results pave the way to developing novel means for pest control, including baculoviruses, that rely upon suppressing host immune systems by strategically weakening insect defenses to improve pathogen (i.e. biocontrol agent) infection and virulence. Also, we expect that the above result will help to develop systems for enhanced insect control that may ultimately help to reduce transmission of insect vectored diseases of humans, animals and plants as well as provide mechanisms for suppression of insect populations that damage crop plants by direct feeding.
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