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1
Cinbiş, Mine. "Febrile Convulsions." European Journal of Therapeutics 10, no. 1, 2 (January 1, 1999): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.1999-10-1-2-1518-arch.
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Febrile convulsions are the most common convulsive disorder in childhood foond in 2-5% of children who are younger !han five years. it is most common between 14th-181h months of life. Recently the roles of zinc, melatonine, arginine, vasopressine, and enkephalins in the ethiopathogenesis of FK have been postulated. The progress of fever, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, bacterial toxins, using of high dose penicilline and antihistaminics are predisposing factors. Human Herpes Virus type-6 can also cause recurrent febrile convulsions. Lumbar puncture should be done in ali cases with febrile convulsion who are younger than one year to rule out meningitis. EEG is not necessary in simple febrile convulsions. Recurrence rate of febrile convulsion is approximately 33%. The incidence of recurrence is 50% in the first six months and 90% in the first year after the first attack. lf the first attack occurred before one year of age, the recurrence rate is more than 50%. A positive history of febrile convulsion in first degree relatives, moderately high fever, being of first child of the family, and having the convulsion before one year old are the most important factors increasing the recurrence rate. The risk of epilepsy is approximately 4% in children with febrile convulsions. The most important factors in developing epilepsy are focal seizures, long duration of convulsions and delayed pscychomotor development.
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Anigilaje, Emmanuel Ademola, and Omolara Olufunmilayo Anigilaje. "Childhood Convulsion: Inquiry about the Concerns and Home Management among Mothers in Tegbesun, a Periurban Community in Ilorin, Nigeria." ISRN Pediatrics 2012 (November 20, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/209609.
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Background. The fear and panic felt by most parents when their child convulsed made them apply all sorts of management. Objective. This study evaluated the concerns and home management of childhood convulsions among mothers in Tegbesun, a periurban community in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods. A ten-week cross-sectional study comprising 500 mothers interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results. Fear of death was the commonest concern (450, 90%) among mothers. For a witnessed convulsion, the majority took the child to the hospital (414, 82.8%). Cow’s urine concoction (74, 87.1%) was the most common item administered to a convulsing child. Putting the hand and/or a spoon into the mouth of the convulsing child was the commonest unwholesome practice (74, 61.2%). None of the subjects safely put the convulsing child on his/her side. Conclusions. Maternal concerns are precursors of mismanagement of childhood convulsions, and health education was undertaken at the end of the study.
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Malcolm, Cari, Pat Hoddinott, Emma King, Smita Dick, Richard Kyle, Philip Wilson, Emma France, Lorna Aucott, and Stephen W. Turner. "Short-stay urgent hospital admissions of children with convulsions: A mixed methods exploratory study to inform out of hospital care pathways." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 1, 2024): e0301071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301071.
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Objective To inform interventions focused on safely reducing urgent paediatric short stay admissions (SSAs) for convulsions. Methods Routinely acquired administrative data from hospital admissions in Scotland between 2015–2017 investigated characteristics of unscheduled SSAs (an urgent admission where admission and discharge occur on the same day) for a diagnosis of febrile and/or afebrile convulsions. Semi-structured interviews to explore perspectives of health professionals (n = 19) making referral or admission decisions about convulsions were undertaken. Interpretation of mixed methods findings was complemented by interviews with four parents with experience of unscheduled SSAs of children with convulsion. Results Most SSAs for convulsions present initially at hospital emergency departments (ED). In a subset of 10,588 (11%) of all cause SSAs with linked general practice data available, 72 (37%) children with a convulsion contacted both the GP and ED pre-admission. Within 30 days of discharge, 10% (n = 141) of children admitted with afebrile convulsions had been readmitted to hospital with a further convulsion. Interview data suggest that panic and anxiety, through fear that the situation is life threatening, was a primary factor driving hospital attendance and admission. Lengthy waits to speak to appropriate professionals exacerbate parental anxiety and can trigger direct attendance at ED, whereas some children with complex needs had direct access to convulsion professionals. Conclusions SSAs for convulsions are different to SSAs for other conditions and our findings could inform new efficient convulsion-specific pre and post hospital pathways designed to improve family experiences and reduce admissions and readmissions.
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Abdulsahib, Waleed K., Sarmed H. Kathem, Mohanad Y. Al-Radeef, and Layth S. Jasim. "Mentha piperita Oil Exerts an Antiepileptic Effect in Pilocarpine and Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizures in Mice." Veterinary Medicine International 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4431317.
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Introduction. Epilepsy is a progressive, chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) (MP) is one of the most commonly ingested herbal teas or tisanes with a single component. Aim. We aimed to assess the potential antiepileptic and neuroprotective features of MP essential oil (MPO) in pilocarpine (P) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) models of epilepsy. Methods. The study used eight groups of mice to assess the anticonvulsant activity of MPO in both the P and PTZ acute models in mice. P (350 mg/kg, i.p.) was given 30 minutes after MPO (1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 ml/kg, i.p.). As a positive control group, diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p) was used. PTZ (95 mg/kg, i.p.) was given 30 minutes after MPO (6.4 ml/kg, i.p.). The first convulsion’s latency time, the number of convulsions, the latency time to death, and the percentage of deaths were calculated in all groups. Results. MPO significantly ( P < 0.05 ) increases the first convulsion’s latency time and the death’s latency time. Moreover, the essential oil significantly decreases the number of convulsions and reduces the mortality rate compared to the negative control group. Conclusion. MPO at 3.2 and 6.4 ml/kg doses can reduce the percentage and the number of convulsions and increase the latency time of both the first convulsion and death so that it can be used as a supplement in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Bharadwaj, Aashish, Ashwani Sharma, Talever Singh, Devender Pathak, Tarun Virmani, Girish Kumar, Anjali Sharma, and Abdulsalam Alhalmi. "Attenuation of Strychnine-Induced Epilepsy Employing Amaranthus viridis L. Leaves Extract in Experimental Rats." Behavioural Neurology 2023 (March 14, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6684781.
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Objective. Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological illnesses defined by periodic seizures with or without loss of consciousness caused by aberrant neural activity. There are many allopathic medications available for the treatment of epilepsy such as phenytoin (PHY), but the side effects are a major concern. Therefore, the present study involved the evaluation of the pharmacological significance of Amaranthus viridis L. extract (EAV) in the management of strychnine (STR)-induced epilepsy. Method. STR (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected into male rats 30 minutes after the pre-treatment of a standard drug (PHY: 20 mg/kg) and the two doses of EAV (EAV-200 and EAV-400 mg/kg, p.o.) to the respective groups to cause the convulsions. The anti-convulsant effect of EAV-200 and EAV-400 against STR-induced convulsion in rats was investigated in terms of convulsion onset, duration of convulsions, number of convulsions, and convulsion score. Furthermore, the mitochondrial function and integrity in the brain’s prefrontal cortex (PFC) were also estimated. Results. EAV-400 significantly increased the onset of convulsion from 61.67 ± 3.051 to 119.2 ± 2.738 and reduced the STR-induced duration of convulsions from 144.8 ± 3.582 to 69.17 ± 3.736 , number of convulsions from 4.000 ± 0.1592 to 1.533 ± 0.1542 , and convulsion score from 5.000 ± 0.3651 to 2.833 ± 0.3073 in rats. EAV-400 significantly attenuated the STR-induced decrease in the mitochondrial function and integrity of the rat PFC. In rats, EAV-400 significantly accelerated the onset of convulsions while decreasing the STR-induced duration, frequency, and score. Conclusion. Based on investigational findings, EAV-400 could be inferred to be a possible anti-epileptic option for the treatment of epilepsy of this plan in preclinical research.
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Qu, Suqing, Weipeng Liu, Hui Yang, Zhaoyan Wang, Yinxiang Yang, Fang Liu, Aruna Sharma, Hari Sharma, and Zuo Luan. "Clinical Observation of Electroencephalographic Changes and Risk of Convulsion Occurrence in Children Receiving Neural Precursor Cell Transplantation." CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 17, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527317666180424121947.
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Purpose: This study was intended to observe electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and convulsion attacks in children receiving neural precursor cell transplantation, and to explore the possibility of electrophysiological changes and risk of convulsion occurrence after cell transplantation. Method: 228 children were included in this study who received neural precursor cell transplantation in our hospital between March 2008 and July 2012. No history of convulsion attacks was elicited before cell transplantation. Data about EEG change and convulsion occurrence before and after cell transplantation were analyzed statistically. Results: Of the 228 pediatric patients, EEG improvement, deterioration and no significant change were observed in 60, 45 and 122 patients, respectively. One month after transplantation, four (1.76%) patients experienced new convulsions. Of the 227 patients, 25 showed increased and/or abnormal discharges on EEG. Of these, 19 underwent EEG re-examination six months post-operation. Except the convulsive cases mentioned above, there were no new cases of convulsions in the remaining patients. Of the 27 patients including those with abnormal discharge, increased discharge and convulsion attacks, 17 achieved varying degrees of therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion: Intraventricular transplantation of neural precursor cells is associated with EEG changes in some children and clinical convulsion attacks in individual patients. However, these abnormal changes do not last long and usually return to normal levels within 1-6 months after surgery, along with disappearance of convulsions. Simultaneous occurrence of EEG changes and convulsions do not appear to affect therapeutic efficacy.
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Sadgunottama goud kamparaj, Kudagi B L, Karikal H P, Muthiah N S, and Pravin Kumar R. "Evaluation of the anticonvulsant activity of the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor cilostazol in the animal model of epilepsy." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (July 8, 2020): 3391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2476.
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The present study is objected to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor cilostazol in the animal model of epilepsy. Conventional anti-epileptic rodent models like Maximal Electric Shock (MES)- induced convulsions and Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced convulsions were used. The animals were randomly divided into six groups, with six rats in every group. Here anti-epileptic activity of cilostazol with two different doses (10 mg/kg i.p and 20 mg/kg i.p) was compared with standard drug and standard drug + Cilostazol two different doses (10 mg/kg i.p and 20 mg/kg i.p). Cilostazol (20 mg/kg i.p) exhibited an anticonvulsant effect in MES-induced and PTZ induced convulsion models over the Control group and cilostazol (10 mg/kg i.p). Standard drugs were shown superiority in seizure suppression activity than cilostazol (20 mg/kg i.p). The time duration of onset of clonic convulsion and period of clonic convulsions in PTZ induced convulsion were increased and decreased respectively when compared to Standard drug + cilostazol both doses and standard drug alone. Phenytoin abolished convulsions induced by MES- convulsion model. So the present study established that cilostazol has low anticonvulsant efficacy in comparison with conventional drugs (Phenytoin and Sodium Valproate). The potentiating effect of cilostazol with standard drugs was also demonstrated.
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Sh Mahmood, Najdat, Oday Abood Khalil, and Jalil Ibrahim Alezzi. "Characteristics of Febrile Convulsions and The Association Between Ketonuria and Febrile Convulsions." Diyala Journal of Medicine 20, no. 1 (April 17, 2021): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.20015600910.
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Background: Febrile seizures are common and mostly benign. There is growing evidence that ketone bodies derived from fatty acid oxidation during fasting or consumption of high-fat diets can exert broad neuroprotective effects, including anti-convulsant effects. Objective: To determine the characteristics of febrile convulsions and the relationship between ketonuria and febrile convulsions. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was done between May 2018 – December 2019 at Al-Batool teaching hospital. The data included 100 children aged between (6- 60 months) admitted to the emergency unit, 50 % of them were having a febrile convulsion, while the others were presented with fever without a seizure. Blood samples were measured for serum glucose and urine samples were taken for level of ketone bodies (KB) and analyzed by reagent strip test. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21, level of association between variables was tested by Chi-square at 0.05. Results: Febrile convulsions occur equally in males and females and more likely in children less than 18 months of age (P value=0.157). Causes of fever in children with febrile convulsion were mostly respiratory causes (p value=0. 000). The incidence of hypoglycemia and ketonuria were slightly more common in the non-convulsive group of the study to be statistically insignificant (p- values were 0.169 and 0.275, respectively). Conclusion: The febrile convulsions affect equally males and females and the major cause of fever was respiratory infections. There is no significant relationship between ketonuria and the occurrence of febrile convulsions. Keywords: Febrile convulsion; Ketonuria; Children
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BIBI, SURRIYA, MAQBOOL AHMAD, and AYESHAS AJID. "FEBRILE CONVULSIONS IN CHILDREN." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 04 (December 10, 2009): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.04.2733.
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O b j e c t i v e s : (i) To know about the knowledge, attitude and practices of parents of children with febrile convulsions, (ii) To provideadequate information of relationship between fever and febrile convulsions and its usual good prognosis. D e s i g n : Descriptive study. S e t t i n g :It was conducted at Pediatric Department of Madina Teaching Hospital Sargodha Road Faisalabad. P e r i o d : Two years period from January2007-2009. M A T E R I A L A N D M E T H O D S : 150 parents and their children with febrile convulsions were included in the study. Diagnosis wasmade on the basis of a history of a convulsion in the child with a febrile illness. Cases were excluded when there was doubt about theoccurrence of convulsions, or if the child previously had convulsions due to any other cause, or if the physical examination or laboratoryparameters suggested any other etiology for the convulsions. LP was done in case of first time febrile fits. A pretested questionnaire comprisingof 12 questions was used for the study. Data was presented through frequency table. Statistical test of significance was Chi-square test. Thedata was analyzed with the help of SPSS computer program EQS 10 N. R e s u l t s : in the study 83 parents (59.3%) could not recognize theconvulsion; 127 parents (90.7%) did not carry out any intervention prior to getting the child to the hospital. 109 (77.9%) parents did not knowthe facts that the convulsion can occur due to fever. For 56 (40%) of the parents every subsequent episode of fever was like a nightmare. Only21 parents (15%) had thermometer at home and 28 (20%) knew the normal range of body temperature. Correct preventive measures wereknown to only 41 (29.2%). C o n c l u s i o n s : Parental fear of fever and febrile convulsion is a major problem with negative consequences affectingdaily family life. The most common immediate effect of the convulsion on the parents was fear of death and insomnia and fear of braindamage.
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Saheb, Shaik Ateal. "A study of febrile convulsions with a bacteremia incidence in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Andhra Pradesh." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 1885. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20203648.
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Background: A febrile convulsion is linked with high temperature but without significant underlying health issues. These occur most often in children aged six months to five years. Most of the convulsions last less than five minutes, and within an hour of the occurrence, the child is entirely back to normal.Methods: Sixty children aged 3 months to 5 years admitted to the emergency pediatric ward with a history of convulsion fever with convulsions, in Narayana Medical College and Hospital were taken up for the study with clinical history, clinical examination, laboratory Investigations.Results: Among 60 children in the study group, 15 (25%) of them were aged between 3 months to 12 months, 21 (35%) of them were between 13 months to 24 months. Gender 36 (60%) are male children. 24 (40%) are female children. Family history of convulsions was positive in 18 (30%) of the 60 (100%) cases, and 7 had family history of epilepsy. 42 (70%) are negative. Most of the cases (85%) showed no growth in blood culture.Conclusions: Blood culture should be performed in all children by febrile convulsions, especially those under the stage of two years. Streptococcus pneumonia was the organism isolated from respiratory tract infection in a child with febrile convulsion with significant bacteremia. The symptoms that present can be as harmless as rhinorrhea or cough. Children with a positive family history of afebrile convulsion should be closely monitored and test, as they can develop epilepsy later.
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T., Madhubalan, Chidambaranathan S., and Ramamoorthy R. "A study of serum zinc levels in children with febrile convulsions in comparison with normal and febrile children." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20200487.
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Background: A seizure is a paroxysmal time-limited change in motor activity and or behavior that results from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures are common in the pediatric age group and occur in approximately 10% of children. Most seizures in children are provoked by somatic disorders originating outside the brain such as high fever, infection, syncope, head trauma, hypoxia, or toxins. To determine whether children with febrile convulsion have decreased serum zinc level when compared to normal children and children with fever without convulsions.Methods: The study included children admitted with bronchiolitis in between during the period of September 2018 to January 2019 at Department of Pediatrics, Raja Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. It is a case-control study. A sample size of 50 was selected for each group Totally 3 Groups, 1. Children with febrile convulsions,2. Children with fever without convulsions, 3. Normal Children.Results: The mean serum zinc level in children with febrile convulsions was 42.9 mcg/dl. The serum zinc level in children with fever and normal children was 70 mcg/dl and 71 mcg/dl respectively. On comparing the serum zinc level among the three groups statistical significance was obtained between children with febrile convulsions and the other two groups namely normal children and children with fever alone. Thus, decreased serum zinc level is a significant predisposing factor for febrile convulsions. By using Posthoc Multiple comparisons test we came to know that the Fever convulsion group is significantly different from fever and normal group. There is no significant difference between fever and normal group.Conclusions: This study shows that serum zinc levels are decreased in children with febrile convulsions, thus indicating that zinc deprivation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsions.
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Gafurov, Sh B. "Analysis of the clinical features and course of seizures in patients with brain tumors." NATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.28942/nnj.v2i4.122.
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Verify material of 125 patients with brain tumors and associated convulsions assessed the frequency and characteristics of existing epileptic seizures. It is found that convulsions complicate the disease more often in tumors of low-grade and left hemisphere localization. Simple partial paroxysms more characterize to right-hemisphere, and the complex – to left-hemispheric localization. The clinic of brain tumor begins with a convulsion often in surface localization process.
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Gafurov, Sh B. "ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL FEATURES AND COURSE OF SEIZURES IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS." National Journal of Neurology 2, no. 04 (November 30, 2013): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.61788/njn.v2i13.05.
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Verify material of 125 patients with brain tumors and associated convulsions assessed the frequency and characteristics of existing epileptic seizures. It is found that convulsions complicate the disease more often in tumors of low-grade and left hemisphere localization. Simple partial paroxysms more characterize to right-hemisphere, and the complex – to left-hemispheric localization. The clinic of brain tumor begins with a convulsion often in surface localization process.
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Soetomenggolo, Taslim S. "Recurrence of Febrile Convulsions." Paediatrica Indonesiana 35, no. 5-6 (October 23, 2018): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi35.5-6.1995.118-23.
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During two years, 92 patients who experienced first febrile convulsion were followed-up in the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta for at least one year. Of the 92 patients 58 (63%) were males and 34 (37%) females. Most of the patients were less than 4 years, and only 6 patients (6,5%) aged more than 4 years. Eight (8, 7%) of the 92 patients suffered from recurrence of febrile convulsions, and in 5 of them the recurrence occurred within the first 6 months of follow-up. The recurrences of febrile convulsions occurred mostly in patients less than one year of age, those with tonic seizures, those with neurological disorders, and those who had history of epilepsy in their family. In this study the occurrence of recurrent febrile convulsions in patients with normal EEG was higher than that in patients with abnormal EEG.
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Murakami, Hisashi, Hiromu Naraba, Takashi Gondo, Masaki Mochizuki, Hidehiko Nakano, Yuji Takahashi, Tomohiro Sonoo, Hideki Hashimoto, and Kensuke Nakamura. "Diagnostic Value of Serum Procalcitonin in Patients with Convulsion in Emergency Department, an Observational Study." Antibiotics 9, no. 10 (October 8, 2020): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100683.
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Procalcitonin (PCT), a widely used biomarker for bacterial infections, is sometimes measured in convulsion patients to distinguish bacterial infections including bacterial meningitis. However, serum PCT elevation is reported in several other conditions. This study assessed the diagnostic value of serum PCT concentrations in convulsion patients. This study examined a convulsion group: patients admitted to our critical care center during April 2018 through September 2019 via the emergency department presenting with convulsions. Randomly sampled patients admitted without convulsions were categorized as a non-convulsion group. Serum PCT analysis was performed with consideration of whether or not the patient had an infection. Diagnostic values of serum PCT for bacterial infection were evaluated for convulsion and non-convulsion patients using the positive likelihood ratio of PCT. This study found 84 patients as eligible for the convulsion group; 1:2 matched 168 control patients were selected as non-convulsion group members. The positive likelihood ratio for bacterial infection was found to be significantly lower in the convulsion group than in the control group (1.94 vs. 2.65) when setting the positive cut-off for PCT as 0.5 ng/mL. Convulsion patients had a higher PCT value. The positive likelihood ratio for patients without bacterial infection was lower.
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Fonseca, Michelle, and Aditi Joshi. "Maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy complicated by convulsions." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 9 (August 27, 2018): 3801. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183798.
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Background: Convulsions in pregnancy pose serious morbidity and mortality to both mother and the fetus. Eclampsia being the most common cause. However, many medical disorders like epilepsy, cerebral malaria, meningitis, metabolic disorders etc can result in convulsions in pregnancy. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of various aetiologies leading to convulsions and to assess how the various demographic-clinical characteristics affect the maternal as well as fetal outcome in patients with eclampsia as compared to those with convulsions other than eclampsia.Methods: This was an observational study conducted over a period of one and a half year at a tertiary institute in India. A total of 56 patients were studied in this duration. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of the aetiologies causing convulsion as well as the maternal and fetal outcome of the pregnancy complicated by convulsions. The data regarding age, parity, mode of delivery, gestational age at birth, risk factors was obtained by a predesigned proforma.Results: A total of 56 patients were included in the study after screening 18,840 patients in the hospital. Hence the estimated prevalence of convulsions in pregnancy was 1:336 in this hospital. The most common aetiology noted was Eclampsia (69.6%) followed by epilepsy (16.1%). Others included Cerebral Malaria (3.6%), Hypocalcemia (3.6%), Neurocysticerosis (2%), Hypokalemia (1.8%) and Hypoglycemia (1.8%). Maternal case fatality rate was 3.6%. Total perinatal mortality was 14.2% of which 6 (10.7 %) were still birth.Conclusions: Eclampsia is a major cause of convulsions in pregnancy and considered to be the diagnosis unless proved otherwise. However other causes of convulsions should not be ignored. A thorough evaluation of the patient which lays a major emphasis on a detailed history taking and examination, form the crux of diagnosing the cause of convulsions and can expediate a timely and accurate treatment.
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Tsai, Loh Seng. "Interrelated Effects of Dilantin and Electroconvulsive Shock upon One-Trial Reversal Learning in White Rats." Psychological Reports 61, no. 3 (December 1987): 992–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.61.3.992.
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The purpose of this study was to isolate the effect of convulsions from electroconvulsive shock and to study the differential effects upon learning by white rats of 20 successive reversal problems. Convulsion is effectively controlled and prevented by the pharmacological pretreatment with Dilantin. Analysis indicates that convulsions and not the cranial electro-shock of 35 Ma at 0.2-sec. durations are responsible for the learning decrement that ensues. Also, Dilantin, if not followed by electroconvulsive shock may produce some slight detrimental effect on subsequent learning as well.
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Guzeva, V. I., М. V. Kovelenova, and М. Y. Sharf. "Peculiarties of catecholamines exchange in children with febrile convulsions." Neurology Bulletin XXIX, no. 1-2 (March 15, 1997): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb79890.
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Excretion of catecholamines indiumal urine of 75 children with febrile convulsionns has been studied. It has been revealed that functional state of sympathetic adrenal system in children with febrile convulsions is characterized by a number of peculiarities. They include an increase of adrenaline and norepinephrine. In the case of transformation of febrile into afebrile seizures additional increase of dopamine excretion is observed. Thats why hypersecretion of the three mentioned amines is estimated as prognostically unfavourable factor of the course of febrile convulsions. According to our findings, progression of seizures in sleeping state is also prognostically unfavourable symptom of the course of febrile seizures. The obtained biochemical ringings together with clinical information can serve as prognostic criteria in solving the problem of variations of the course of febrile convulsions.
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Saad, Shaban E. A., Suhera M. Aburawi, Ahlaam A. Rahoumh, Ahlaam A. Rahoumh, and Akram Abdraheem. "Influence of β- blockers on the activity of some anti-epileptic drugs on convulsions induced by picrotoxin in mice." Libyan Journal of Medical Research 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54361/ljmr.16210.
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Adrenergic β-receptor blockers are widely used in clinic for the management of cardiovascular disease and some other illnesses. However, this group of drugs known to cause central nervous system side effects such as drowsiness, sleep disturbance, hallucination, migraine and tremors. As anti-epileptic drugs exert their action mainly through the inhibition of the central nervous system to decrease the firing and the excitability of neurons. Accordingly, β-blockers might influence the pharmacological activity of anti-epileptic drugs. Aim:The aims of this study is to investigate the influence of β –blockerson the anti-convulsant activity of two anti-epileptic drugs, i.e. phenytoin and phenobarbital. Methods: Three beta blockers with different β-receptor blocking selectivity and degree of solubility (atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol) were injected intraperitoneally (IP) into mice either alone or in combination with phenytoin or phenobarbital. After 30 min mice were injected with picrotoxin (8mg/kg) to induce convulsions. Convulsion parameters recorded were; the onset of jerks, number of tonic and clonic convulsions, and % mortality. Results: Picrotoxin produced 100% death in all control animals. However, mosttheanimals treated with antiepileptics alone or in combination with β-blockers were protected from death. The effect of phenytoin on the onset of convulsions was significantlyenhanced when it combined with β-blockers. However, in regard to phenobarbital only the increase was noticed with propranolol. Giving phenytoin with β-blockers improves its effect in reducing clonic convulsion, whereas, no change in phenobarbital activity when administered together with β-blockers. Combination of either phenytoin or phenobarbital with β-blockers did not result in any significant change in their ability to reduce tonic convulsions except when phenytoin co-administered with metoprolol a significant decrease was observed. Conclusion: The administration of β-blockers in concomitant with phenytoin and phenobarbital increased their anticonvulsant activity. However, β-blockers alone could have some protective effect against convulsions.
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Lee, Hyun Do, Kyung Hoon Sun, and Seong Jung Kim. "The Usefulness of Serum Lipid Concentration as a Predictor of Convulsion in Patients with Glufosinate Ammonium Poisoning." Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22537/jksct.15.1.40.
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Purpose: Glufosinate ammonium (GA; phosphinothricin) can induce neurological complications such as altered mental status, amnesia, and convulsions. This study was conducted to evaluate whether blood lipid profiles can help predict convulsions in patients with GA poisoning. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of data acquired at a tertiary academic university hospital from March 2014 to July 2016. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of demographic and laboratory findings of 50 patients with GA poisoning were performed to identify correlations of general characteristics and laboratory findings, including blood lipid profiles of GA-poisoned patients between with and without convulsions. Results: Convulsion as a GA complication showed a significant association with poison volume, age, white blood cell count, and creatine phosphokinase (CK), albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content in blood according to an independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. However, ANCOVA demonstrated significant association with LDL and triglyceride. Conclusion: Blood lipid profiles, especially serum LDL and triglyceride, were useful in predicting convulsions in patients with GA poisoning.
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Rayam, Sriharsha, B. L. Kudagi, Umer Sufyan M., Madhavulu Buchineni, and Rama Mohan Pathapati. "Assessment of Morus alba (Mulberry) leaves extract for anti-convulsant property in rats." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 3 (February 23, 2019): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20190658.
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Background: The mulberry tree, a plant of the family Moraceae and the genus Morus, has been widely cultivated to feed silkworms. Various parts of Morus alba linn used as an Anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, free radical scavenging activity and neuroprotective agent. The plant contains flavonoids, moranoline, albanol, morusin coumarine, and stilbene, which have. In this study, anticonvulsant property of Morus alba leaves extract (MAE) was evaluated by using MES and PTZ induced convulsion in rats.Methods: Effects of MAE were evaluated in experimental models of electro convulsions, maximal electro shock (MES) and chemoconvulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in rats (n=6), which were treated intraperitonially with doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg.Results: The duration of tonic hind limb extension (seconds) with MAE in MES induced convulsions at dose of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg is 8.33±1.21, 6.83±1.16 & 3.16±0.98 respectively. In the dose of 400 mg/kg of MAE showed highly significant results by reducing the duration of tonic hind limb extension in MES induced convulsions. And onset of jerky movements (seconds) with MAE in PTZ induced convulsions at dose of 100, 200, 400mg/kg is 157.83±8.99, 195.66±17.02 and 295.50±21.10 respectively. In the dose of 400mg/kg of MAE showed highly significant results by delaying the onset of convulsions.Conclusions: Results indicate that the MAE have anticonvulsant effects in MES induced convulsions and in PTZ induced convulsions.
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Ernawati, Fitri, Septa Nelli, and Sri Burhani Putri. "Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua Tentang Kejang Demam Pada Anak Usia 1-5 Tahun Di UPTD Puskesmas Penerokan Kecamatan Bajubang." Nan Tongga Health And Nursing 18, no. 2 (October 30, 2023): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59963/nthn.v18i2.247.
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Febrile seizures are seizures that occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years who experience an increase in body temperature (temperature above 38° C). Batanghari Regency is the district with the highest cases of febrile seizures in children. The health center with the highest incidence of febrile convulsions in children is Penerokan Community Health Center. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between the level of parental knowledge about febrile seizures and the incidence of febrile seizures in children aged 1-5 years at the UPTD Penerokan Community Health Center. This research is a quantitative study, cross sectional design. Data collection was carried out on 24 July 2023 – 30 July 2023 at the UPTD Penerokan Community Health Center. The sample consisted of 87 respondents. The sampling technique is accidental sampling. The analysis carried out was univariate and bivariate analysis. The statistical test used is the chi square test. The research results showed that more than half of the children experienced febrile convulsions (62.1%), most of the parents' knowledge was lacking (37.9%), there was a relationship between the level of parental knowledge about febrile convulsions and the incidence of febrile convulsions (p value = 0.000). . Nurses try to increase parents' understanding regarding the management of children who experience febrile convulsions by providing flip sheets or posters that parents can display at home, which can be easily read so that when a febrile convulsion occurs, parents are prepared to deal with the problem of febrile convulsions in children.
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Kathayat, Kamal Singh, Bishal Pokhrel, Ramesh Bhattarai, Nabin Thapa, Kapil Amgain, and Ravin Bhandari. "Anticonvulsant activities of Quercus infectoria (galls) and Trewia nudiflora (seeds) in Nepalese varieties." Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 10, no. 03 (December 31, 2022): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v10i03.55545.
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Background and objectives: Epilepsy is defined as the heterogeneous, synchronized abnormal electrical discharge from the brain area. The numerous synthetic antiepileptic drugs currently available are ineffective to many patients and plant-derived drugs could be an alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate anticonvulsant activities of Quercus infectoria (galls) and Trewia nudiflora (seeds) found in Nepal. Materials and methods: Anticonvulsant activity was carried out using Isoniazide-induced clonic convulsion (INH 250 mg/kg) using rat model. Onset and duration of clonic convulsion, percentage protection and death were observed. Results: T. nudiflora showed a dose dependent hindrance on the onset of clonic convulsions when compared with the control group. Treatment with higher doses of T. nudiflora (400 mg/kg) showed significant increase (p < 0.01) in latency of clonic convulsions whereas, lower dose showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in latency of clonic convulsion. The extract of T. nudiflora protected 25% of animals from convulsion at a dose 400 mg/kg. However, Q. infectoria did not display dose dependent delay on the onset of clonic convulsion, Q. infectoria (100 and 400 mg/kg) showed insignificant increases in latency of clonic convulsions. The extract of Q. infectoria protected the 25% of animals when used at a lower dose of 100 mg/kg. Positive control group treated with diazepam at a dose 4 mg/kg showed 100% protection from clonic seizures and death. Q. infectoria (100 mg/kg) T. nudiflora (400 mg/kg) and Diazepam (4 mg/kg) showed significant decrease (p<0.01) in seizure duration (s). Q. infectoria (400 mg/kg) and T. nudiflora (100 mg/kg) showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in seizure duration compared to control group (Normal saline 10 ml/kg). Study reports the antiepileptic effects Q. infectoria and T. nudiflora. Conclusion: The methanolic extract galls of Q. infectoria and seeds of T. nudiflora showed protective effect on Isoniazide induced convulsion.
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Shah, Gautam, and Ritesh Parmar. "A study of febrile seizures in children in relation to iron deficiency anemia." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 5 (August 23, 2017): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20173126.
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Background: Febrile seizures are the most common cause of convulsions in children between 6 months to 5 years, occurring in 2-5% of children. Iron deficiency is postulated as a risk factor for febrile seizures in children and it is an easily correctable condition. The objective of the study was to study the clinical profile and risk factors of febrile convulsions and to establish an association between febrile seizure and iron deficiency anemia.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Pediatrics, Dhiraj General Hospital, Piparia, a tertiary care teaching hospital. 34 cases and 34 controls were included in the study. Controls were children of same age group presenting with short febrile illness but without any seizures. Febrile seizures were defined according to the AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) criteria. Iron deficiency was diagnosed by hematologic investigations of haemoglobin value < 11 g/dl, MCV <70 fL and RDW > 15.6%.Results: Iron deficiency anemia was present in 23.52% (8/34) of cases as compared to 17.64% (6/34) in the control group. Odds ratio was 1.436 (95% CI 0.439-4.669, p value 0.549), which suggest there is no significant association of iron deficiency anemia with febrile convulsions. Subgroup analysis for association of iron deficiency anemia with simple febrile convulsion cases showed Odds ratio of 1.11 (95% CI 0.298-4.138), which suggests there is poor association of iron deficiency anemia with simple febrile convulsions. Subgroup analysis for association of iron deficiency anemia with complex febrile convulsion cases showed Odds ratio of 2.809 (95% CI 0.521-15.041), which suggests there is poor association of iron deficiency anemia with complex febrile convulsions. Wide confidence interval indicates less sample size. Study with large sample size is required for reliable interpretation.Conclusions:The study reveals iron deficiency anemia is not a significant risk factor in children presenting with febrile seizures. Further study with large sample size is required.
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Sagar, Smriti, Neeta Natu, and Nootan Chandwaskar. "Magnesium sulphate therapy in eclampsia and pre-eclampsia." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 3189. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183315.
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Background: Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity remains high during pregnancy in the presence of eclampsia, it can have severe adverse effects on mother and the fetus. So, its management should be a top priority. The objective of the present research was to study the effect of magnesium sulphate in control of imminent eclampsia and eclampsia.Methods: 19 cases of eclampsia and 185 cases of imminent eclampsia were treated with standardized magnesium sulphate. The outcome measures in terms of recurrence of convulsions, maternal and neonatal outcome, etc. were seen.Results: Most common age group in both the groups were 21-30 years (i.e. 78.9% with eclampsia and 75.7% with imminent eclampsia). In both the groups, majority of the women were primigravidae. In eclampsia group, 9 (47.4%) women had 1 episode of convulsion, 8 (42.1%) women had two episodes of convulsions, 1 (5.3%) women each had 3 and 4 episodes of convulsions, while there were no convulsions in imminent eclampsia women (‘t’ value = 28.558, df=202, p=0.000). Vomiting and headache (94.7%) were the most common premonitory symptoms in eclampsia group, followed by edema in 68.4% women, while in imminent eclampsia 64.9% women had headache, 57.8% women had edema and 43.2% had vomiting. Recurrence of convulsions were seen in 4 (21.1%) women of the eclampsia group even after giving maintenance dose and additional dose of magnesium sulphate. 1 (5.3%) death was seen in eclampsia group and none in the imminent eclampsia group. Neonatal mortality in eclampsia group (47.4%) was higher than imminent eclampsia group (11.7%), which was statistically significant (Z value = 3.05, p=0.002).Conclusions: Magnesium sulphate regimen was effective in control of convulsions in eclampsia and as prophylaxis in imminent eclampsia.
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Tuğba Kartal, Ayşe, and Zeynep Çağla Mutlu. "Relationship between serum iron level and febrile convulsion in children." Investigación Clínica 62, no. 2 (June 12, 2021): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22209/ic.v62n2a02.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between febrile convulsion, serum iron levels and whole blood parameters. This cross-sectional case-control study included patients aged 6 months-6 years-old brought to the department of pediatrics of Kütahya ParkHayat Hospital with febrile convulsions between January 2015 and December 2019. The patients were divided into two groups as: febrile with convulsions (study group; n= 47) and febrile without convulsions (control group; n= 35). Both groups were age and sex-matched. Some blood parameters such as mean serum iron, ferritin, Hb and MCV levels were used to compare the groups. Mean serum iron levels of the study and control groups were 33.7 ± 2.1 μg/dL and 56.3 ± 7.4 μg/dL (p<0.05), and serum ferritin levels were 27.3 ± 6.2 ng/mL and 31.1 ± 2.1 ng/ mL (p>0.05), respectively. Mean hemoglobin levels of the study and control groups were 10.6 ± 1.7 g/dL and 11.1 ± 1.4 g/dL (p <0.05), and mean MCV levels were 71.1 ± 1.2 fL and 73.2 ± 1.1 fL (p>0.05), respectively. In the light of the findings of this study, the low serum iron and ferritin levels may be reinforcing factors for developing febrile convulsion. However, multicentre studies with more patients are needed to reach a precise conclusion.
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Asif, Mohammad, and Anita Singh. "Anticonvulsant Activities of 4-benzylidene-6-(4-methyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones and 4-benzylidene-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones." Open Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal 3, no. 1 (October 27, 2016): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874844901603010196.
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Background: Two series of 4-benzylidene-6-(4-methyl-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-one compounds (3a-e) and 4-benzylidene-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-(2H)-ones (3f-j) were synthesized and evaluated as anticonvulsant agents. Methods: Synthesized compounds (3a-3j) were tested against maximum electro shock (MES) and Isoniazid (INH) induced convulsion methods for anticonvulsant activities and neurotoxicity. Results: In MES induced convulsions, result found that the compounds 3e and 3j exhibited highest anticonvulsant activities. In INH induced convulsions, result was indicated that all the compounds exhibited good anticonvulsant activities., whereas compounds 3d and 3j showed maximum activity. Methyl derivatives were more active than chloro derivatives. Phenytoin sodium (25mg/kg) and sodium vaproate (50mg/kg) were used as reference drugs. All these synthesized pyridazinone compounds (3a-j) did not exhibit any neurotoxicity up to 100 mg/kg dose levels. Conclusion: All compounds showed good anticonvulsant activities against both MES and INH induced convulsion models. Many such explorations are anticipated in the near future.
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Kansara, Vijay M., Payal Sureshkumar Patel, and Ajesh N. Desai. "A comparative study of low dose magnesium sulphate therapy with Pritchard’s regime in management of Eclampsia." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194352.
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Background: Eclampsia is one of the most common causes of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity in India. Amongst the principles of management of eclampsia, the first is the control of convulsions. Magnesium sulphate is the main stay of treatment in eclampsia and imminent eclampsia. Average weight of Indian women is less than the western women due to which lower dose of magnesium sulphate can be used. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of low dose magnesium sulphate regimen with standard Pritchard regimen in control of eclampsia.Methods: The study was carried out at emergency labour room, GMERS Sola Civil Hospital Ahmedabad. 120 patients of eclampsia were divided randomly into study group (n=60) receiving low dose MgSO4 and control group (n=60) receiving Pritchard regimen. The recurrence of convulsion, toxicity of MgSO4 and maternal and fetal outcome was studied.Results: It was observed that with low dose MgSO4 regime, convulsions were controlled in 91.7% of the cases. With standard Pritchard’s regime convulsions were controlled in 95% of patients. The maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity were comparable in both groups.Conclusions: Low dose magnesium sulphate therapy is as effective as Pritchard’s regime for controlling convulsions in eclampsia and can be safely given in Indian women.
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Addlur, Shalini, Rohit Khandelwal, Shivalingappa B. Mangajjera, and Leeni Mehta. "Correlation of serum magnesium levels in febrile convulsions in children: a cross sectional comparative study." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, no. 4 (March 23, 2021): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20211077.
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Background: Febrile convulsions is one of the most common type of seizures seen in children. It has been suggested that low serum magnesium (Mg) has occasionally been associated with epilepsy. A positive correlation of the hypomagnesemia with the severity of epilepsy was also found. The present study aimed to estimate the levels of serum magnesium in children with febrile convulsions and to compare serum magnesium levels with normal children.Methods: Fifty patients who were eligible after screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study group after a signed written informed consent and 50 controls were also taken. A detailed history, clinical examination and these investigations were done – complete blood count (CBC) (Hb, DC and ESR), serum calcium, serum magnesium, serum electrolytes, random blood sugar and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis.Results: The serum magnesium level was normal in 45 patients (90%) with febrile convulsions, low levels in 4 cases (8%) and high levels seen in 1 case (2%). Serum magnesium levels were normal in all 50 controls. In this study, the serum magnesium levels has got no correlation in patients with febrile convulsion. So, routine magnesium supplementation need not be prescribed in normal subjects to prevent febrile convulsions.Conclusions: Routine measurement of serum levels of Mg, glucose and calcium are warranted in subject with febrile convulsions. However, large prospective studies are further required in future to establish the correlation of serum Mg and febrile convulsions so that a standard guidelines can be set up which could be followed universally.
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Urabe, Takao. "Convulsions." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 99, no. 12 (2010): 3091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.99.3091.
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Bean, S. Charles. "Convulsions." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 13, no. 1 (March 1986): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-4543(21)00956-8.
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Thakuria, Nishanta, Swarnamoni Das, and Babul Dewan. "ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF CITRUS MAXIMUS LEAVES IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 9 (December 1, 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.14576.
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ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract of Citrus maximus (EECM) leaves of maximal electroshock seizure (MES) andpentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure models on albino (Wistar strain) rats and mice.Methods: Anticonvulsant activity was carried out by MES model and PTZ-induced clonic convulsions model; in each model, albino rats (Wistar strain)of either sex were taken and divided into five groups, each consisting of 6 rats. One group was used as control (3% w/v gum acacia), one as standard(phenytoin), and three groups for the test drug of EECM leaves (doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) treatment. The reduction in time or abolition of tonicextensor phase of MES-convulsions was recorded for all the animals. In PTZ model, either delay or complete abolition of convulsions in rats treatedwith diazepam and EECM leaves was noted for all the animals.Result: EECM leaves reduced the extensor phase of convulsion in MES in a dose-dependent manner and decrease in the duration of convulsions in PTZmodel with increasing dose. Anticonvulsant activity was seen maximum at the dose of 200 mg/kg.Conclusions: Thus, from the above two seizure models of MES and PTZ, it can be concluded that EECM leaves have got an anticonvulsant effect in anincreasing dose-dependent manner.Keywords: Anticonvulsant, Citrus maximus, Maximal electroshock seizure, Pentylenetetrazol.
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Rouf, Salma, Shatil Ahmed, and Ms Ashiana Afrin. "Intramuscular Loading dose versus Combined Intravenous & Intramuscular Loading dose of Magnesium Sulphate in the Management of Eclampsia in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 34, no. 2 (April 23, 2017): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v34i2.32295.
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Background:Intramuscular loading dose of Magnesium Sulphate could be a suitable alternative for community intervention of the management of severe Pre- Eclampsia and Eclampsia.Objective: To compare the efficacy of the loading total IM regime of injection Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) with the standard loading combined IV and IM regime for termination & prevention of recurrent convulsions in the treatment of Eclampsia.Methods: Total 200 patients were studied at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from October 2012 to May 2013 where 100 patients were treated with loading IM regime (Case group) and 100 patients received standard loading combined IV & IM regime (Control Group). The efficacy of both regimes was measured by the rate of recurrent convulsions.Results: No significant differences was observed in both groups in terms of age (23.03±3.90 vs 23.34±4.63 years), parity (64% vs 63% primi), gestational age (36.39±3.64 vs 36.13±3.95 weeks),no of convulsions (5.28±3.21 vs 5.35±3.31 times), mean diastolic blood pressure (98.74±17.22 vs 104.25±15.43 mmHg) and Glasgow Coma Scale (e8, 96% vs<8, 92%). No significant differences observed between the two groups in mean convulsion to treatment interval (5.16±3.71 vs 4.95±3.12 hr) and convulsion to delivery interval (13.26±8.8 vs 13.95±8.46 hr). The recurrent convulsion rate was almost same in both groups (3% vs 5%, ð2 = 0.521, P> 0.05ns). Case fatality was 2% in case group and 3% in control group (P > 0.05ns).Conclusions: Loading total IM regime of MgSO4 is found as effective as the loading combined IV and IM regime in terms of control of convulsions and prevention of recurrent fits in Eclampsia. So it could be used by the field level workers before referral.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(2): 85-91
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Atalar, Ebru, Cuneyd Gunay, Hakan Atalar, and Tugba Tunc. "A Rarely Seen Multilevel Thoracic Vertebral Fracture after a Nocturnal Hypoglycemic Convulsion Attack." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/646352.
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A 49-year-old male presented with acute midthoracic severe back pain following a witnessed nocturnal convulsion attack. There was no history of trauma and the patient had a 23-year history of Type I diabetes mellitus. MRI scans of the thoracic spine revealed compression fractures at T5, T6, T7, and T8 vertebrae. The patient was treated conservatively. At 17 months after the initial diagnosis, the complaints of back pain had been resolved and the patient was able to easily undertake daily living activities. Hypoglycaemia is a common problem in diabetic patients treated with insulin. Convulsions may occur as a consequence of insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Nontraumatic compression fractures of the thoracic spine following seizures are a rare injury. Contractions of strong paraspinal muscles can lead to compression fracture of the midthoracic spine. Unrecognized hypoglycaemia should be considered to be a possible cause of convulsions in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The aim of this report is to point out a case of rarely seen multilevel consecutive vertebrae fractures in a diabetic patient after a nocturnal hypoglycaemic convulsion attack.
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Abdoul Karim, Doumbia. "Profil épidémiologique, clinique, étiologique et évolutif des convulsions aiguës chez les enfants de 02 à 59 mois admis dans un hôpital de Bamako." Mali Santé Publique 10, no. 02 (April 20, 2021): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53318/msp.v10i02.1790.
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Introduction : Les convulsions sont le trouble neurologique pédiatrique le plus courant. L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, thérapeutiques, et évolutifs. Méthodologie : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale réalisée dans le service de pédiatrie générale du CHU-Gabriel Touré. Elle s'est déroulée sur une période de 02 ans allant de janvier 2017 à décembre 2018. Nous avons inclus tous les enfants âgés de 1 à 59 mois hospitalisés dans le service pour convulsion. Résultats : les convulsions représentaient 11% des hospitalisations. L'âge moyen était de 29 +/- 17 mois. La fièvre était présente chez 86% des patients. La ponction lombaire avait été réalisée chez 65% des patients. Elle avait révélé un liquide céphalorachidien (LCR) trouble chez 2% des patients. Le taux leucocytes dans le LCR était anormalement élevé chez 20% des patients. L'hypoglycémie était présente chez 14 patients. La calcémie était basse chez 3 patients. Les principales étiologies étaient le paludisme 70%, la méningite 20%, et la déshydratation 13%. Conclusion : les convulsions aiguës sont des affections très courantes en pédiatrie qui nécessitent une prise en charge précoce et adaptée. Les étiologies sont dominées par le paludisme et la méningite.
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Rahat, Fouzia, Safdar Iqbal, Sadia Yahya, Ayesha Naz, Abida Khanam, Nuzhat Parveen Khawaja, and Arslan Saleem Chughtai. "Comparison of Magnesium Sulphate Loading Dose with & without Maintenance Regimen for Management of Patients Presenting with Eclampsia, Randomized Control Trial." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 26, 2022): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163138.
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Aim: To compare the frequency of recurrence of convulsions with Magnesium Sulphate loading dose versus loading dose plus maintenance regimen for management of patients presenting with eclampsia. Methods: In this Randomized Controlled Trial, 240 pregnant female admitted in department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LGH, Lahore. Half In group A, females were given MgSO4 in a single bolus dose i.e. 4 grams intravenously diluted in 100ml normal saline over 20 minutes and 10grams intramuscularly, while in group B, females were given complete standard regime according to the Pritchard i.e. 14 grams loading dose followed by 5gm intramuscularly every 4 hours on alternate buttock for 24 hours after the last episode of convulsion or delivery of the fetus whichever comes later. Results: In this study recurrence of convulsion was significantly higher in patients who were given MgSO4 loading dose as compared to patients who were given MgSO4 loading + maintenance regimen i.e. Group-A: 15.8% vs. Group-B: 5.8%, (p-value 0.013). The frequency of recurrence of convulsion was significantly higher in women who were given loading dose alone as that of women who were given MgSO4 loading + maintenance regimen but Age, gestational age and parity status of women although did not show any significant association.. Conclusion: Loading dose plus maintenance regimen had low frequency of recurrence convulsion when compared with loading dose of MgSO4 only. Keywords: Eclampsia, loading dose, Recurrence of convulsions, Magnesium Sulphate, Maintenance regimen
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de Sousa, Damião P., Franklin F. F. Nóbrega, Camila C. M. P. Santos, and Reinaldo N. de Almeida. "Anticonvulsant Activity of the Linalool Enantiomers and Racemate: Investigation of Chiral Influence." Natural Product Communications 5, no. 12 (December 2010): 1934578X1000501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1000501201.
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The anticonvulsant activity of the racemate and enantiomers of linalool have been evaluated. Pretreatment of the mice with ( S)-(+)-, ( R)-(-)- and rac-linalool increased the latency of convulsions significantly in the PTZ model. Only rac-linalool had an effect at the dose of 200 mg/kg. The enantiomers and their racemic mixture were effective in inhibiting the convulsant effect of PTZ at the dose of 300 mg/kg. The linalools presented pharmacological activity close to that of diazepam. In the PIC seizure model, ( R)-(-)-linalool and rac-linalool presented activity at the dose of 200 mg/kg, but the rac-linalool was more potent than ( R)-(-)-linalool; ( S)-(+)-linalool had no effect at this dose. On the other hand, at the dose of 300 mg/kg this enantiomer was effective, but less potent than ( R)-(-)-linalool and rac-linalool. In the MES model, linalools decreased the convulsion time of the mice in the doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg. rac-Linalool presented maximum effect at 300 mg/kg. Surprisingly, it increased significantly the convulsion time at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Using the parameter of tonic hind convulsions, only ( R)-(-)-linalool produced protection from tonic extension at the dose of 200 mg/kg. When the (+)- and (-)-enantiomers, and rac-linalool were administered at the dose of 300 mg/kg they were also effective in preventing tonic convulsions induced by transcorneal electroshock in the animals. The (+)- and (-)-forms were equipotent and the rac-linalool was more effective than phenytoin. We have demonstrated that the two enantiomers have similar qualitative anticonvulsant activity, but show different potencies.
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Agrawal, Neha, Ruchika Garg, and S. Shantha Kumari. "Low-dose Magnesium Sulfate Regime for Eclampsia in India." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 9, no. 1 (2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1447.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) can be a drug for its management. Objectives To study the safety and efficacy of low-dose MgSO4 for control of convulsions in case of eclampsia and to compare it with Pritchard regimen in terms of its effects and perinatal outcome. Materials and methods This study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. It was a prospective study and included 78 cases of eclampsia. Thirty-nine cases were given low-dose regime and remaining 39 were given Pritchard regimen. Low-dose regime for eclampsia: Loading dose 4 gm MgSO4 IV diluted in 20 cc of 5% dextrose, slowly over 5 to 8 minutes. Maintenance dose 2 gm IV similarly diluted was given 3 hourly till 24 hours after delivery or after convulsion which ever was later. If recurrence of convulsions occurs, then additional dose 2 gm IV was given and previous dose schedule continued as such. Results Eclamptic convulsions were controlled in 94.87% of cases with low-dose regime, and in the remaining cases were controlled with additional 2 gm IV dose MgSO4 compared to 37.14% with Pritchard regimen. Conclusion Low-dose magnesium regime is highly suitable for women in our setup, and it is as effective as Pritchard regimen for controlling convulsions in eclampsia along with better perinatal outcome and with less MgSO4 toxicity. How to cite this article Garg R, Agrawal N, Kumari SS, Agrawal P. Low-dose Magnesium Sulfate Regime for Eclampsia in India. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(1):5-8.
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M., Pranam G., Usha Hirevenkanagoudar, and Sanjeev Chetty. "A study of serum zinc levels among children with seizures in comparison with febrile children without seizures." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201023.
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Background: Infants and children are more prone to have seizures than adults. This reflects the greater neuronal excitability at certain ages as the excitatory glutamate system and inhibitory GABA system do not always balance each other. Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizures observed in pediatric age group. Febrile seizures occur in young children at a time in their development when seizure threshold is low. Objective of the study was to determine the levels of zinc in children with febrile seizures when compared to children with fever without seizures.Methods: To determine the levels of zinc in children with febrile seizures when compared to children with fever without seizures. A total of 50 Study subjects were selected into each group. Group 1: Children with Febrile Seizures. Group 2: Children with Fever and Without Febrile Seizures.Results: Among the cases with fever and convulsion Zinc level was found to be low among 72% of the subjects, 22 % of them had normal zinc levels and only 6% had high zinc levels. Among the subjects with Fever and no convulsions nearly 80% of them had normal zinc levels, 16 % had low levels of zinc and 4% had high zinc levels. The association of levels of Zinc between both the groups was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: This study shows that serum zinc levels are decreased in children with febrile convulsions when compared to children with fever alone without convulsions, thus indicating that zinc deprivation plays significant role in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsions.
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Drafor, Gideon, Emmanuel Duah, Nelson A. Ankamah, Godsway E. Kpene, and Priscilla K. Mante. "Investigating the Anticonvulsant Properties of Aqueous Ethanolic Extracts of the Leaves, Roots, and Fruits of Jatropha gossypifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae)." Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021 (June 11, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5547353.
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Convulsion is a typical symptom associated with epilepsy. Jatropha gossypifolia, a common plant in Ghana, has been used traditionally for the management of epilepsy. This study was carried out to ascertain the scientific basis for the traditional utility of Jatropha gossypifolia for various convulsive disorders and also determine the part of the plant with the most anticonvulsant activity. The anticonvulsant activity of the leaf, root, and fruit extracts in doses of 30–300 mg/kg was assessed using the picrotoxin-induced seizure models in mice. The drugs and chemical preparations used included diazepam, picrotoxin, ethanol (70%), and normal saline. GraphPad Prism 6 was used for all statistical analysis and plotting of graphs. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. The leaf extract significantly and dose-independently reduced the frequency of myoclonic jerks ( P = 0.0001 ) and decreased the duration of clonic convulsions ( P = 0.019 ). The root extract also significantly and dose-dependently reduced the frequency of myoclonic jerks ( P = 0.001 ) but only decreased the frequency of tonic convulsions at 100 mg/kg ( P = 0.006 ). It also significantly decreased the duration of tonic convulsions ( P = 0.0001 ). The fruit extract only significantly and dose-independently reduced the frequency of myoclonic jerks ( P = 0.0001 ). It, however, showed an increase in the duration of both clonic and tonic convulsions. The study shows that the leaves and roots of Jatropha gossypifolia produce anticonvulsant activity which may be through enhancement of GABAergic transmission or activation of GABA receptors which support the traditional use of the plant to treat epileptic fits.
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Naz, Haseena. "Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge of Mothers of Under-five Children regarding Management of Febrile Convulsions at Selected Wards of SKIMS, Soura, Srinagar." Indian Journal of Holistic Nursing 13, no. 04 (December 31, 2022): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2348.2133.202216.
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Background: Febrile convulsion is one of the most common paediatric problems worldwide; it can be frightening, emotionally traumatic and anxiety provoking for parents, particularly mothers, which may lead to mis management. Objectives: To assess the pre-test and post-test knowledge of mothers of under-five children, evaluate the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme on the knowledge of mothers of under-five children, and to find the association of their pre-test knowledge scores regarding the management of febrile convulsions with their selected demographic variables. Methodology: A quantitative research approach with pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was used in this study conducted on 50 mothers at SKIMS, Soura, Srinagar. The assessment of knowledge was done by using a self-structured interview schedule. Results: The pre-test showed that 88% of respondents had inadequate knowledge, 12% had moderate knowledge, and none had adequate knowledge. Post-test showed that 78% had adequate knowledge, 22% had moderate knowledge, and none had inadequate knowledge. The mean post-test knowledge score of the study subjects was significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score at 0.05 level of significance. There was a non-significant association of pre-test knowledge scores of study subjects regarding the management of febrile convulsions with their selected demographic variables. Conclusion: Majority of the study subjects had inadequate knowledge regarding the management of febrile convulsions which indicates that they need to gain awareness about the management of febrile convulsions. An increase in the knowledge of participants was seen after the administration of the structured teaching programme.
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Gaikwad, Pooja Popat, Vishal S. Adak, and Rajkumar V. Shete. "The Screening models for antiepileptic drugs: A Review." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 2-S (April 15, 2021): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2-s.4809.
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Considering the prevalence of epilepsy and the problems associated with currently available antiepileptic drugs like side effects, resistance, safety issue and high cost, herbal medicine with fewer complications could be very appropriate alternative. Therefore in the present study, we have examined the antiepileptic properties of ethanolic extract of leaves in mice using maximal electroshock seizers (MES)test, Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), induced seizures, strychnine induced convulsion, Isoniazid-induced convulsions, Picrotoxin-induced convulsions, Kainic acid (KA) model etc.There is increased concern on agents for epilepsy disease modification and prevention. To solve these unmet needs, the research scientist must have a thorough knowledge of available animal models of epilepsy so that he can pick up the best model for his research. In this article, we are reviewing the diversity of animal models of epilepsy and their implications in antiepileptic drug discovery.
Keywords: Epilepsy, animal model, seizures,
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Tanaka, Akihiro, Kenshi Takechi, Shinichi Watanabe, Mamoru Tanaka, Katsuya Suemaru, and Hiroaki Araki. "Convulsive Liability of Cefepime and Meropenem in Normal and Corneal Kindled Mice." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 8 (May 19, 2014): 4380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02862-14.
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ABSTRACTWe have reported significantly higher convulsion prevalence in patients treated with cefepime than in those treated with meropenem. Additionally, cefepime-associated convulsions were found only in patients with brain disorders, not renal failure. Here, we compared the convulsive liability of cefepime and meropenem administered intravenously in normal and corneal kindled mice with low seizure thresholds. We used the proconvulsive test in normal mice following pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injection and electroconvulsive shock at low-stimulus currents and in corneal kindled mice. We also measured electroencephalogram (EEG) activity 1 min after antibiotic injections. Intravenous injection of cefepime and meropenem at 250 or 500 mg/kg of body weight had no effect on PTZ-induced convulsions in normal mice. However, in convulsions induced by electroconvulsive shock at low-stimulus currents, mean seizure stage following cefepime administration at 500 mg/kg was significantly higher than that following saline injection. Additionally, EEG spikes were recorded for mice that were given cefepime (500 mg/kg). In corneal kindled mice following cefepime injection, mean seizure stage was significantly higher than that following meropenem injection. The convulsive liability of cefepime is significantly higher than that of meropenem in normal and corneal kindled mice. In patients with low seizure thresholds, convulsive liability of cefepime may be assumed.
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Hardman, Melanie. "Febrile convulsions." Paediatric Nursing 2, no. 4 (May 1990): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.2.4.12.s15.
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Rogers, Margaret. "Febrile convulsions." Paediatric Nursing 5, no. 8 (October 1993): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.5.8.24.s20.
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Rogers, Margaret. "Febrile convulsions." Paediatric Nursing 7, no. 5 (June 1995): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.7.5.33.s23.
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McCrory, Paul R., and Samuel F. Berkovic. "Concussive Convulsions." Sports Medicine 25, no. 2 (1998): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199825020-00005.
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Leung, Alexander K. C., and W. Lane M. Robson. "Febrile convulsions." Postgraduate Medicine 89, no. 5 (April 1991): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1991.11700905.
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McGreal, D. A. "FEBRILE CONVULSIONS." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 12, no. 5 (November 12, 2008): 659–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1970.tb01976.x.
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COOLE, DIANA. "Cartographic Convulsions." Political Theory 28, no. 3 (June 2000): 337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0090591700028003002.
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