Academic literature on the topic 'Convict sexuality;penal colonies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Convict sexuality;penal colonies"
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Duffield, Ian. "From Slave Colonies to Penal Colonies: The West Indian Convict Transportees to Australia." Slavery & Abolition 7, no. 1 (May 1986): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440398608574901.
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Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish. "“Those Lads Contrived a Plan”: Attempts at Mutiny on Australia-Bound Convict Vessels." International Review of Social History 58, S21 (September 6, 2013): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859013000308.
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AbstractBetween 1787 and 1868 a total of 830 convict vessels left the British Isles bound for the Australian penal colonies. While only one of these was seized by mutineers, many convicts were punished for plotting to take the ship that carried them to the Antipodes. This article will explore the circumstances that shaped those mutiny attempts and the impact that they had on convict management strategies.
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De Vito, Christian G., Clare Anderson, and Ulbe Bosma. "Transportation, Deportation and Exile: Perspectives from the Colonies in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." International Review of Social History 63, S26 (June 12, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859018000196.
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AbstractThe essays in this volume provide a new perspective on the history of convicts and penal colonies. They demonstrate that the nineteenth and twentieth centuries were a critical period in the reconfiguration of empires, imperial governmentality, and punishment, including through extensive punitive relocation and associated extractive labour. Ranging across the global contexts of Africa, Asia, Australasia, Japan, the Americas, the Pacific, Russia, and Europe, and exploring issues of criminalization, political repression, and convict management alongside those of race, gender, space, and circulation, this collection offers a perspective from the colonies that radically transforms accepted narratives of the history of empire and the history of punishment. In this introduction, we argue that a colony-centred perspective reveals that, during a critical period in world history, convicts and penal colonies created new spatial hierarchies, enabled the incorporation of territories into spheres of imperial influence, and forged new connections and distinctions between “metropoles” and “colonies”. Convicts and penal colonies enabled the formation of expansive and networked global configurations and processes, a factor hitherto unappreciated in the literature.
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Neilson, Briony. "“Moral Rubbish in Close Proximity”: Penal Colonization and Strategies of Distance in Australia and New Caledonia, c.1853–1897." International Review of Social History 64, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 445–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000361.
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AbstractIn the second half of the nineteenth century, the two convict-built European settler colonial projects in Oceania, French New Caledonia and British Australia, were geographically close yet ideologically distant. Observers in the Australian colonies regularly characterized French colonization as backward, inhumane, and uncivilized, often pointing to the penal colony in New Caledonia as evidence. Conversely, French commentators, while acknowledging that Britain's transportation of convicts to Australia had inspired their own penal colonial designs in the South Pacific, insisted that theirs was a significantly different venture, built on modern, carefully preconceived methods. Thus, both sides engaged in an active practice of denying comparability; a practice that historians, in neglecting the interconnections that existed between Australia and New Caledonia, have effectively perpetuated. This article draws attention to some of the strategies of spatial and temporal distance deployed by the Australian colonies in relation to the bagne in New Caledonia and examines the nation-building ends that these strategies served. It outlines the basic context and contours of the policy of convict transportation for the British and the French and analyses discursive attempts to emphasize the distinctions between Australia and New Caledonia. Particular focus is placed on the moral panic in Australian newspapers about the alleged dangerous proximity of New Caledonia to the east coast of Australia. I argue that this moral panic arose at a time when Britain's colonies in Australia, in the process of being granted autonomy and not yet unified as a federated nation, sought recognition as reputable settlements of morally virtuous populations. The panic simultaneously emphasized the New Caledonian penal colony's geographical closeness to and ideological distance from Australia, thereby enabling Australia's own penal history to be safely quarantined in the past.
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Coates, Timothy J. "TheDepósito de Degredadosin Luanda, Angola: Binding and Building the Portuguese Empire with Convict Labour, 1880s to 1932." International Review of Social History 63, S26 (June 11, 2018): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859018000263.
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AbstractAfter ignoring its holdings in Africa for the first half of the nineteenth century, the European scramble for colonies in the 1880s forced the Portuguese state to adopt a new policy to cement its tenuous hold on its two largest African colonies: Angola and Mozambique. This challenge occurred just as the penal reform movement of the nineteenth century was arriving in Portugal, with a new penitentiary in Lisbon and new legal codes aimed at reforming convicts through their labour. This article examines the rationale and impact of theDepósito de Degredados(Depot for Transported Convicts) in Luanda, Angola, the larger of the two prisons established to supervise the work of convicts sent from Portugal and Portugal’s Atlantic colonies of Cape Verde, Portuguese Guinea, and São Tomé.
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Fitzpatrick, Matthew. "New South Wales in Africa? The Convict Colonialism Debate in Imperial Germany." Itinerario 37, no. 1 (April 2013): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115313000260.
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In 1852, the naturalist and writer Louisa Meredith observed in her book My Home in Tasmania: “I know of no place where greater order and decorum is observed by the motley crowds assembled on any public occasion than in this most shamefully slandered country: not even in an English country village can a lady walk alone with less fear of harm or insult than in this capital of Van Diemen's Land, commonly believed at home to be a pest-house, where every crime that can disgrace and degrade humanity stalks abroad with unblushing front.”Meredith's paean to life in the notorious Australian penal colony of Hobart was in stark contrast to her earlier, highly unfavourable account of colonial Sydney. It papered over the years of personal hardship she had endured in Australia, as well as avoiding mention of the racial warfare against Tasmania's Aborigines that had afforded her such a genteel European existence.Such intra-Australian complexities, however, were lost when Meredith's account was superimposed onto German debates about the desirability of penal colonies for Germany. Instead, Meredith's portrait of a cultivated city emerging from the most notorious penal colony in Australia was presented as proof that the deportation of criminals was an important dimension of the civilising mission of Europe in the extra-European world. It was also presented as a vindication of those in Germany who wished to rid Germany of its lumpen criminal class through deportation. The exact paragraph of Meredith's account cited above was quoted in German debates on deportation for almost half a century; first in 1859 by the jurist Franz von Holtzendorff, and thereafter by Friedrich Freund when advocating the establishment of a penal colony in the Preußische Jahrbücher in September 1895.
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Richards, Eric. "How Did Poor People Emigrate from the British Isles to Australia in the Nineteenth Century?" Journal of British Studies 32, no. 3 (July 1993): 250–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386032.
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One of the great themes of modern history is the movement of poor people across the face of the earth. For individuals and families the economic and psychological costs of these transoceanic migrations were severe. But they did not prevent millions of agriculturalists and proletarians from Europe reaching the new worlds in both the Atlantic and the Pacific basins in the nineteenth century. These people, in their myriad voyages, shifted the demographic balance of the continents and created new economies and societies wherever they went. The means by which these emigrations were achieved are little explored.Most emigrants directed themselves to the cheapest destinations. The Irish, for instance, migrated primarily to England, Scotland, and North America. The general account of British and European emigration in the nineteenth century demonstrates that the poor were not well placed to raise the costs of emigration or to insert themselves into the elaborate arrangements required for intercontinental migration. Usually the poor came last in the sequence of emigration.The passage to Australasia was the longest and the most expensive of these migrations. From its foundation as a penal colony in 1788, New South Wales depended almost entirely on convict labor during its first four decades. Unambiguous government sanction for free immigration emerged only at the end of the 1820s, when new plans were devised to encourage certain categories of emigrants from the British population. As each of the new Australian colonies was developed so the dependence on convict labor diminished.
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Klishevich, Nataliia, and Vadym Sulitskyi. "THE ROLE OF REPENTANCE OF CONVICTS IN THE PROCESS OF THEIR CORRECTION AND RESOCIALIZATION." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 28, 2021): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol3.6177.
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At present, the humanization of the State Penitentiary Service of Ukraine is carried out through the development and implementation of milder measures of punishment, reduction of sentences for certain crimes, the introduction of alternatives to imprisonment, such as probation. All this requires more serious and comprehensive socio-psychological research on the development and implementation of a wide range of pedagogical and socio-psychological methods of influencing the personality, group, team of convicts. Promising, in our opinion, is the psychological change in the personality of the convict by bringing him to sincere conscious repentance, reconciliation with the victim. This approach will help to correct the convict and positively influence his resocialization and create conditions for successful socialization. The purpose of our study was to determine the role and place of repentance in the process of serving a sentence by convicts and to identify the positive impact of repentance on correction and resocialization, reducing the risk of repeated wrongful acts by persons serving sentences in penal institutions. To achieve this goal, we used the following methods: analysis of scientific literature, observation, questioning, psychodiagnostics testing, extended interviews. The study was conducted in the period from 2010 to 2016 in the correctional colonies of the Donetsk region. It was attended by 3,400 clients of correctional system and 280 employees of penitentiary institutions. In the course of our research, we discovered: at present, views on the concept of "repentance" can be divided into creative, religious, philosophical, socio-psychological, pedagogical, legal; the legal interpretation of the concept of "effective repentance" and its application in the practice of justice revealed a number of problems that require solution; repentance in the psychological and pedagogical sense can be viewed as: an integral part of moral self-improvement; the acquisition of a new spiritual, moral, psychological quality of the person; the life position of the individual in relation to the world, people, his own place in life; the formation of other positive, socially recognized values; an indicator of moral maturity, spiritual and mental health.In this article we offer our own view on the role and place of repentance in the process of correction and resocialization of clients of correctional system. Scientific research of this problem is very important in a methodological sense not only for the penitentiary service, including the work of psychologists in penitentiary institutions, but also for social educators and social workers. It will contribute to the solution of general and special issues of the psychological and pedagogical process of the execution of sentences by employees of penitentiary institutions and the social and psychological process of serving sentences by convicts, will help create reliable conditions for the protection of human rights, civil liberties, including people who are serving sentences.
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Artyom Y. Nesterov,. "THE RIGHT OF JUVENILE CONVICTS TO PERSONAL SAFETY IN PRISONS OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF RUSSIA: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT." BULLETIN 6, no. 388 (December 15, 2020): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.207.
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The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of ensuring the personal safety of juvenile convicts in prison. The theoretical and methodological study of the analyzed phenomenon allowed us to single out the general opinion of scientists and the factors that determine the current state of personal safety of juvenile convicts in educational colonies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, in the pre-trial detention centers of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service, as well as at the stages of going to the place of serving the criminal sentence in in the form of deprivation of liberty and those under investigation for crimes committed in places of deprivation of liberty. The author of the article analyzes the provisions established in article 13 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the right of all convicted persons, as well as persons in custody in the pre-trial detention center of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service, to trial for personal security is guaranteed by the penitentiary institutions of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service, and this right is ensured by the following imperatives: 1). Article 13 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 21, 1993 No. 5473-I "On Institutions and Bodies Executing Criminal Sentences of Imprisonment"; 2). Article 19 of the Federal Law of July 15, 1995 No. 103-FL "On the Detention of Suspects and Accused of Committing Crimes". The article analyzes legal scientific literature on the expression of various opinions of researchers regarding the personal safety of juvenile convicts in prison. The author completely agreed with many of the stated points of theoretical researchers, and at the same time formulating the following proposition. The author, in turn, determines that the problem of personal security of juvenile convicts in places of deprivation of liberty is also of great importance for the relations that are taking shape in the Russian penal system as a whole. This is due to the fact that punishment always involves the restriction of the rights and freedoms of persons who committed crimes in the educational colonies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, and, as a result, the special nature of the relationship between the staff of the penitentiary institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia and convicts. So, the urgency of the problem today is, first of all, ensuring personal security, as well as the constitutional rights and legitimate interests of juvenile convicts in the investigation of crimes committed in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, is also manifested in the fact that depriving citizens of their freedom, the state agrees to comply their legal status, to protect the life and health of the convict. It should be noted that the concentration of persons who committed crimes in prisons, a significant proportion of which are grave and especially grave, as well as a number of other reasons entail a real threat of new crimes committed by prisoners of various nature and degree of public danger. In this regard, there is the possibility of unlawful influence on juvenile convicts who are participants in the criminal process in the framework of a case instituted on the fact of committing a crime in the institution of the Russian penal system. As a result, the author’s concept is formulated - “Ensuring personal security, rights and legal interests of juvenile convicts”. This material presented in the article does not contain information (information) related to state secrets of the Russian Federation.
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Pascual, Fanny Cécile. "Le Musée du bagne en Nouvelle-Calédonie et ses constructions identitaires / The Penal Colony Museum in New Caledonia and its Identity Constructions." PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies 14, no. 2 (October 5, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/portal.v14i2.5335.
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In the South Pacific, New Caledonia and Australia were penal colonies during the 19th century. Analysing the discourse surrouding two museums based on these convict periods (Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney and the project for a museum in Noumea), will shed light on the difficulties of facing this violent past. Even if these two countries and their histories are different, they have a common aim to accept this part of their genealogies. After having been taboo, having criminal ancestors is now a pride; exile is no more seen as an expulsion from the English or French motherland, but has become a pioneer adventure. Suppressing some aspects of this colonisation and downplaying the participation or the interactions of convicts or bagnards with other communities helps to build this memory. We must also keep in mind that museums have a political role. In New Caledonia, it is obvious that the self-determination process between 2014 and 2018 has influenced the project of the museum in Nouville: having a convict in the family will prove your belonging to the land and could justify voting rights for the 2018 referendum. These museums accordingly do not only deal with history, but influence the future.
Au XIXème siècle, la Nouvelle-Calédonie et l'Australie étaient des colonies pénitentiaires dans le Pacifique Sud. L’analyse du discours muséal des deux musées (Hyde Park Barracks à Sydney et le projet pour un musée du bagne à Nouméa) se base sur la période pénitentiaire pour mettre en lumière les difficultés que l’on peut avoir à affronter son passé de violence. Même si ces deux pays ont une histoire différente, le but commun est d'accepter cette partie de leur généalogie. Après avoir été tabou, avoir des ancêtres criminels est maintenant une source de fierté; l'exil n'est plus considéré comme une expulsion de la patrie britannique ou française, mais plutôt comme une aventure de pionniers. Ceci entraîne un déni d'autres aspects de la colonisation et réduit la participation ou les interactions entre communautés dans la construction de l’histoire mémorielle. Nous devons également garder à l'esprit que les musées jouent un rôle politique. En Nouvelle-Calédonie, il est évident que le processus d'autodétermination prévu entre 2014-2018 a influencé le projet du musée à Nouville. Un bagnard dans la famille prouvera votre ancrage dans cette terre et pourrait justifier votre droit de vote dans le référendum. Ces musées n’évoquent pas seulement l'histoire mais préparent aussi l’avenir.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Convict sexuality;penal colonies"
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Gilchrist, Catie. "Male Convict Sexuality in the Penal Colonies of Australia, 1820-1850." University of Sydney. School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/666.
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This thesis explores the moral and sexual anxieties produced by the transportation of male convicts to the penal colonies of Australia. My aims are twofold. First, this study argues that male sexuality lay at the heart of penal and colonial political discourse. The moral anxieties this both reflected and produced directly informed the penal administration of the convict population. This was implicit in the ways that convict bodies were ordered, surveilled, disciplined and accommodated. In this analysis the sexual and behavioural management of male prisoners is considered to be a fundamental dynamic within contemporary perceptions of criminal reformation. Second, this thesis examines the ways that these moral concerns permeated the wider colonial society. Free British settlers took their cultural cargo with them to the colonies. In the context of the penal colonies, they also had to negotiate the specific cultural and social implications of transportation. The moral concerns of colonial society were often played out around the politics of imperial transportation. This is examined through a consideration of the cultural meanings of colonial discourse and the many tensions that lay beneath it. During the slow transition from penal colony to respectable free society, colonists utilised and manipulated their moral and cultural anxieties in a number of political ways. This thesis argues that the moral and sexual anxieties of colonial society were both real and imagined. They informed a variety of discourses that linked the colonial periphery with the metropolitan centre in a relationship that was reciprocal but also antagonistic.
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Gilchrist, C. M. "Male convict sexuality in the penal colonies of Australia 1820-1850." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/666.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2004.Title from title screen (viewed 5 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of History, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Rosen, Sue Maria, University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, and School of Humanities and Languages. "That den of infamy, the No. 2 Stockade Cox's River : an historical investigation into the construction, in the 1830's, of the Western Road from Mt. Victoria to Bathurst by a convict workforce." 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/29869.
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The overarching question under investigation in this thesis is the extent to which the ideals of penal management as espoused by both British and Colonial authorities were implemented in the day to day administration and management of a convict work force. The focus of the examination is the construction of Major Thomas Mitchell’s line of road between Mt. Victoria and Bathurst in the 1830’s. Specifically the thesis documents the various sites on the line of road with a particular emphasis on the administrative centre and principal facility, No. 2 Stockade Cox’s River, to explain the dynamic interaction of the network and its role in the penal repertoire of New South Wales. In bringing together a large range of sources the thesis has enabled the first thorough reading of the convict sites associated with the Western road. This has led to a multi-dimensional understanding of the place, its people, and the process of its construction. It provides a basis for future scholarship on this neglected network, located almost at the doorstep of greater Sydney, on the western fringe of the Blue Mountains.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Books on the topic "Convict sexuality;penal colonies"
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Daniels, Kay. Convict women. St. Leonards, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 1998.
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Lennox, Geoff. A visitor's guide to Port Arthur and the convict systems. Rosetta, Tas: Dormaslen Publications, 1996.
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Jackson, R. V. Jeremy Bentham on the cost of the convict colony in New South Wales. Canberra, Australia: Australian National University, 1986.
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Convict Fremantle: A place of promise and punishment. Crawley, W.A: University of Western Australia Press, 2004.
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David, Young. Making crime pay: The evolution of convict tourism in Tasmania. Hobart: Tasmanian Historical Research Association, 1996.
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Brand, Ian. The convict probation system: Van Diemen's Land, 1839-1854 : a study of the probation system of convict discipline ... Hobart: Blubber Head Press, 1990.
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Closing hell's gates: The death of a convict station. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2008.
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Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish. Closing hell's gates: The death of a convict station. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2008.
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Maxwell-Stewart, Hamish. Closing hell's gates: The death of a convict station. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2008.
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Smith, Babette. Australia's birthstain: The startling legacy of the convict era. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Convict sexuality;penal colonies"
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"Colonies of Settlement or Places of Banishment and Torment? Penal Colonies and Convict Labour in Latin America, c. 1800–1940." In Global Convict Labour, 273–309. BRILL, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004285026_012.
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Hordvik, Eilin. "Forced Separations." In Keeping Family in an Age of Long Distance Trade, Imperial Expansion, and Exile, 1550-1850. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722315_ch02.
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The British Empire’s global expansion during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries led to considerable cross-cultural pollination, which in turn significantly influenced social, political, and legal decision-making across the colonies. To maintain law and order, Mauritius, a British colonial possession in the Indian Ocean, introduced intra-colonial convict transportation, adding to the coerced labour pool circulating between colonies. For families of transported convicts, the separation was enduring and most often permanent. The Mauritian convicts shipped to the Australian penal colonies also lost their cultural and social frameworks. Subsequently, their experiences and life trajectories in the penal colonies often depended on their ability to forge new social connections, form personal relationships, or find patronage.