Journal articles on the topic 'Converter systems'
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1
Sundar, T., and S. Sankar. "Modeling and Simulation of Closed Loop Controlled Parallel Cascaded Buck Boost Converter Inverter Based Solar System." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i3.pp648-656.
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<p>This Work deals with design, modeling and simulation of parallel cascaded buck boost converter inverter based closed loop controlled solar system. Two buck boost converters are cascaded in parallel to reduce the ripple in DC output. The DC from the solar cell is stepped up using boost converter. The output of the boost converter is converted to 50Hz AC using single phase full bridge inverter. The simulation results of open loop and closed loop systems are compared. This paper has presented a simulink model for closed loop controlled solar system. Parallel cascaded buck boost converter is proposed for solar system.</p>
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Gouveia, José, Carlos L. Moreira, and João A. Peças Lopes. "Influence of Load Dynamics on Converter-Dominated Isolated Power Systems." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052341.
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The operation of isolated power systems with 100% converter-based generation requires the integration of battery energy storage systems (BESS) using grid-forming-type power converters. Under these operating conditions, load dynamics influences the network frequency and voltage following large voltage disturbances. In this sense, the inclusion of induction motor (IM) load models is required to be properly considered in BESS power converter sizing. Thus, this paper presents an extensive sensitivity analysis, demonstrating how load modeling affects the BESS power converter capacity when adopting conventional control strategies while aiming to assure the successful recovery of all IM loads following a network fault. Furthermore, this work highlights that generators with converter interfaces can actively contribute to mitigate the negative impacts resulting from IM loads following a network fault. Thereby, two distinct control strategies are proposed to be integrated in the power electronic interfaces of the available converter-based generators: one to be adopted in grid-following converters and another one suitable for grid-forming converters. The proposed control strategies provide an important contribution to consolidating insular grid codes, aiming to achieve operational scenarios accommodating 100% penetration of converter-based generation with a significative percentage of the IM load composition without resorting to a significative increase in BESS power converter sizing.
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Jalbrzykowski, S., and T. Citko. "A bidirectional DC-DC converter for renewable energy systems." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 57, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-010-0139-7.
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A bidirectional DC-DC converter for renewable energy systemsTo improve the energy quality, most of the renewable energy systems include an energy storage element charged by the bidirectional DC-DC converter. This paper proposes the bidirectional DC-DC converter which employs the two bridge configuration resonant class-E converters on the both sides of the isolating transformer. The low side converter is controlled as step up and the high side converter is controlled as step down. The proposed system is characterized by good dynamic properties and high efficiency because the converter transistors are switched in ZVS conditions. A theoretical analysis to provide relations for system design, and the laboratory model investigations to validate the system characteristic are given in the paper.
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Palanisamy, R., K. Vijayakumar, V. Venkatachalam, R. Mano Narayanan, D. Saravanakumar, and K. Saravanan. "Simulation of various DC-DC converters for photovoltaic system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp917-925.
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This work explains the comparison of various dc-dc converters for photovoltaic systems. In recent day insufficient energy and continues increasing in fuel cost, exploration on renewable energy system becomes more essential. For high and medium power applications, high input source from renewable systems like photovoltaic and wind energy system turn into difficult one, which leads to increase of cost for installation process. So the generated voltage from PV system is boosted with help various boost converter depends on the applications. Here the various converters are like boost converter, buck converter, buck-boost converter, cuk converter, sepic converter and zeta converter are analysed for photovoltaic system, which are verified using matlab / simulink.
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Gao, Xian, Dao Zhou, Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, and Frede Blaabjerg. "A Comparative Study of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Control Schemes in Power Electronic-Based Power Systems." Power Electronics and Drives 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pead-2023-0001.
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Abstract Along with de-carbonisation, the penetration of power electronic converters has increased, and the power system has become a power electronic-based power system. In such a situation, the stability of the power system faces great challenges. In the event of a large disturbance, the power grid will lack the ability to maintain a stable voltage and frequency. In order to improve the stability of the power grid, the traditional grid-following (GFL) control is needed to be converted to the grid-forming (GFM) control. This paper analyses the control schemes of the GFL and GFM converters by investigating their state-space models, and the eigenvalue trajectories of both control schemes are shown to analyse the stability of the systems. Moreover, a case study is exemplified to compare the performance of the two control strategies while responding to frequency disturbances. Finally, a time-domain simulation model of a 15 kW grid-connected converter is built in Matlab/Simulink to benchmark the performance of the GFL and GFM converters under different working conditions. The result reveals that the GFL converter may encounter some instabilities when applied in power electronic-based systems, while the GFM converter is more suitable for the weak power grid.
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Balan, Horia, Maria Buzdugan, I. Vadan, E. Simion, and P. Karaissas. "Hybrid Commutation Converter in HVDC Systems." Materials Science Forum 670 (December 2010): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.670.415.
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This paper deals with DC – AC static converter systems, of very high voltages and currents, used for electricity power transmission. It has been analyzed three types of converters: with forced commutation, with commutation from load and the solution proposed by the authors. There are shown the advantages in hybrid switching converters, which in essence connect, constructive and as principle of operation, the advantages of the two known conversion systems. The analysis of the benefits of the proposed solution is done by comparing the circulating power of assets and also by analyzing the power factor. Not in the last, must be mentioned the paper contribution to the development of the theoretical base design for switching converters with hybrid commutation.
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Herbst, Gernot. "A Building-Block Approach to State-Space Modeling of DC-DC Converter Systems." J 2, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/j2030018.
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Small-signal models of DC-DC converters are often based on a state-space averaging approach, from which both control-oriented and other frequency-domain characteristics, such as input or output impedance, can be derived. Updating these models when extending the converter by filters or non-trivial loads, or adding control loops, can become a tedious task, however. To simplify this potentially error-prone process, a modular modeling approach is being proposed in this article. It consists of small state-space models for certain building blocks of a converter system on the one hand, and standardized operations for connecting these subsystem models to an overall converter system model on the other hand. The resulting state-space system model builds upon a two-port converter description and allows the extraction of control-oriented and impedance characteristics at any modeling stage, be it open loop or closed loop, single converter or series connections of converters. The ease of creating more complex models enabled by the proposed approach is also demonstrated with examples comprising multiple control loops or cascaded converters.
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Dybko, Maxim, Sergey Brovanov, and Hong Hee Lee. "Multilevel NPC Converters in Parallel Connection for Power Conditioning Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.189.
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This paper investigates a multilevel combined NPC converter for medium-and high-power energy storage systems and active power filters. The proposed multilevel NPC converter is composed of a parallel connection of multiple NPC converters using the current sharing reactors and involves the phase shifted PWM strategy for better energy quality performance. Using the switching function-based mathematical model, the proposed multilevel converter is evaluated to show the energy quality performance and fault tolerance of an energy storage system or active power filter. In addition, the switching frequency of circulating currents is analyzed to obtain its relationship with the converter parameters and maximum sharing reactor current ripple. The performance of the proposed multilevel converter is verified by simulation.
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Quester, Matthias, Fisnik Loku, Otmane El Azzati, Leonel Noris, Yongtao Yang, and Albert Moser. "Investigating the Converter-Driven Stability of an Offshore HVDC System." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082341.
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Offshore wind farms are increasingly built in the North Sea and the number of HVDC systems transmitting the wind power to shore increases as well. To connect offshore wind farms to adjacent AC transmission systems, onshore and offshore modular multilevel converters transform the transmitted power from AC to DC and vice versa. Additionally, modern wind farms mainly use wind turbines connected to the offshore point of common coupling via voltage source converters. However, converters and their control systems can cause unwanted interactions, referred to as converter-driven stability problems. The resulting instabilities can be predicted by applying an impedance-based analysis in the frequency domain. Considering that the converter models and system data are often confidential and cannot be exchanged in real systems, this paper proposes an enhanced impedance measurement method suitable for black-box applications to investigate the interactions. A frequency response analysis identifies coupling currents depending on the control system. The currents are subsequently added to the impedance models to achieve higher accuracy. The proposed method is applied to assess an offshore HVDC system’s converter-driven stability, using impedance measurements of laboratory converters and a wind turbine converter controller replica. The results show that the onshore modular multilevel converter interacts with AC grids of moderate short-circuit ratios. However, no interactions are identified between the offshore converter and the connected wind farm.
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Buswig, Y. M. Y., Wahyu Mulyo Utomo, Zainal Alam Haron, and S. S. Yi. "Multi-Input Boost Converter for Hybrid PV and Wind Generator Systems." Advanced Materials Research 925 (April 2014): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.925.619.
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A renewable energy source that works alone can’t achieve customers’ requirements for a stable power supply. Therefore, the paper proposes a multi-input converter for hybrid renewable energy system. This converter is designed for two input sources, PV and wind generator in order to design high efficiency and high performance converters for renewable energy applications. The proposed multi-input converter is composed by interleaved technique with two step-up converters and the two inputs are accommodated with some extra semiconductors, inductances and diodes. The modes of operation based on the status of the four switches, where S1 and S2 operate as main switches in order to deliver energy from both voltage sources. A constant output power to the load is provided by switching S3 switch, which guarantied the appropriate output voltage by reduce the ripple and improve the reliability. Simulations of multi-input converter has been performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed method, which can be seen as a promising new topology that ensure multi-input converter suitable for renewable energy applications.
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Pote, Dr Ravindra S. "Three Phase Grid Connected Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic Systems." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46467.
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Abstract: The main aim is to convert the Solar PV DC voltage into AC voltage by using 3 phase inverter and getting sinusoidal AC output voltage. To convert solar PV which is in DC needs to be converted into AC by using the devices like 3 phase inverter and boost converter. The solar PV is a variable DC that is to be converted into pure DC for which will convert variable DC to pure DC. The MPPT is designed and is applied to boost converter which increases the solar PV’s efficiency. Then the output of boost converter which is DC voltage is given to 3 phase inverter. The 3 phase inverter which is connected to output of boost converter will convert the DC voltage into AC and we get sinusoidal AC. A three-phase grid-connected inverter designed for a photovoltaic power plant that features a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme based on fuzzy logic. The whole system simulate in MATLAB. This fuzzy MPPT will shows accurate and fast response, and is integrated in the inverter.
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Domino, A., K. Zymmer, and M. Parchomiuk. "Selected converter topologies for interfacing energy storages with power grid." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0063.
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Abstract The paper presents different solutions applicable in power converter systems for connecting power grids with energy storage systems such as superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), supercapacitor energy storage (SES) or chemical batteries. Those systems are characterized by bidirectional current flow between energy storage and power grid. Two-level converters (AC-DC and DC-AC converters) dedicated for low power energy storage compatible with 3×400 V-type power grids are proposed. High power systems are connected with 3×6 kV-type power grids via transformers that adjust voltage to the particular energy storage or directly, based on multilevel power converters (AC-DC and DC-AC) or dual active bridge (DAB) systems. Solutions ensuring power grid compatibility with several energy storage systems of the same electrical parameters as well as of different voltage-current characteristics are also proposed. Selected simulation results illustrating operation of two system topologies of 200 kW power for two-level converter and neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level converter are presented.
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Malik, Muhammad Zeeshan, Haoyong Chen, Muhammad Shahzad Nazir, Irfan Ahmad Khan, Ahmed N. Abdalla, Amjad Ali, and Wan Chen. "A New Efficient Step-Up Boost Converter with CLD Cell for Electric Vehicle and New Energy Systems." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 8, 2020): 1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071791.
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An increase in demand for renewable energy resources, energy storage technologies, and electric vehicles requires high-power level DC-DC converters. The DC-DC converter that is suitable for high-power conversion applications (i.e., resonant, full-bridge or the dual-active bridge) requires magnetic transformer coupling between input and output stage. However, transformer design in these converters remains a challenging problem, with several non-linear scaling issues that need to be simultaneously optimized to reduce losses and maintain acceptable performance. In this paper, a new transformer-less high step-up boost converter with a charge pump capacitorand capacitor-inductor-diode CLD cell is proposed using dynamic modeling. The experimental and simulation results of the proposed converter are carried out in a laboratory and through Matlab Simulink, where 10 V is given as an input voltage, and at the output, 100 V achieved in the proposed converter. A comparative analysis of the proposed converter has also been done with a conventional quadratic converter that has similar parameters. The results suggest that the proposed converter can obtain high voltage gain without operating at the maximum duty cycle and is more efficient than the conventional converter.
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Zakis, Janis, and Dmitri Vinnikov. "Study of Simple MPPT Converter Topologies for Grid Integration of Photovoltaic Systems." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Power and Electrical Engineering 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10144-011-0012-z.
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Study of Simple MPPT Converter Topologies for Grid Integration of Photovoltaic SystemsThis paper presents a study of two simple MPPT converter topologies for grid integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems. A general description and a steady state analysis of the discussed converters are presented. Main operating modes of the converters are explained. Calculations of main circuit element parameters are provided.Experimental setups of the MPPT converters with the power of 800 W were developed and verified by means of main operation waveforms. Also, experimental and theoretical boost properties of the studied topologies are compared.Finally, the integration possibilities of the presented MPPT converters with a grid side inverter are discussed and verified by simulations.
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Mitra, Lopamudra, and Ullash Kumar Rout. "Optimal control of a high gain DC- DC converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp256-266.
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<p class="IEEEAbtract">Different types of power conditioning systems are mostly used with renewable energy systems. As the output of solar photovoltaic (PV) is low high voltage converters are required. These converters can be used for both standalone and grid tied systems. A high voltage gain DC-DC converter is proposed which can be used with photovoltaic modules to get high output voltage. This converter can provide a high voltage gain and a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is used to maintain the high output voltage of the proposed converter coupled with solar photovoltaic module. The PID controller is first designed using classical Ziegler Nichol’s method (ZN) and optimal control of the converter is obtained by using different optimisation methods like particle swarm optimisation (PSO), bacteria foraging algorithm (BFA) and its comparison is presented in this paper.</p>
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Basyoni, Marwa S. Salem, A. A. Zekry, and H. F. Ragai. "Enhancing the Output Power of Vibration Based Electrostatic MEMS Energy Converters for Energy Scavenging Systems." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4545.
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This paper introduces three methods to increase the output power of the vibration based electrostatic MEMS energy converters. This will be done by taking the effect of the parallel capacitance of the converter in the output power equation. In addition the output power of the converter will be increased by two other ways: Firstly, by depositing dielectric materials on the sidewalls of the converter fingers, secondly, by increasing the converter thickness. In addition the output power will be increased to an optimum value by combining the effect of increasing the device thickness and depositing dielectric materials on the sidewalls of the converter fingers.
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Dao, Phuong Nam, Hong Quang Nguyen, Minh-Duc Ngo, and Seon-Ju Ahn. "On Stability of Perturbed Nonlinear Switched Systems with Adaptive Reinforcement Learning." Energies 13, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 5069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195069.
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In this paper, a tracking control approach is developed based on an adaptive reinforcement learning algorithm with a bounded cost function for perturbed nonlinear switched systems, which represent a useful framework for modelling these converters, such as DC–DC converter, multi-level converter, etc. An optimal control method is derived for nominal systems to solve the tracking control problem, which results in solving a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation. It is shown that the optimal controller obtained by solving the HJB equation can stabilize the perturbed nonlinear switched systems. To develop a solution to the translated HJB equation, the proposed neural networks consider the training technique obtaining the minimization of square of Bellman residual error in critic term due to the description of Hamilton function. Theoretical analysis shows that all the closed-loop system signals are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) and the proposed controller converges to optimal control law. The simulation results of two situations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
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Salim, Kashmala, Muhammad Asif, Farman Ali, Ammar Armghan, Nasim Ullah, Al-Sharef Mohammad, and Ahmad Aziz Al Ahmadi. "Low-Stress and Optimum Design of Boost Converter for Renewable Energy Systems." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (July 8, 2022): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071085.
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This paper examines the design and analysis of DC–DC converters for high-power and low-voltage applications such as renewable energy sources (RESs) and comparisons between converters based on switch stresses and efficiency. The RESs including photovoltaic arrays and fuel cell stacks must have enhanced output voltages, such as 380 V DC in the case of a full bridge inverter or 760 V DC in the case of a half bridge inverter, in order to interface with the 220 V AC grid-connected power system. One of the primary difficulties in developing renewable energy systems is enhancing DC–DC converters’ efficiency to enable high step-up voltage conversion with high efficiency and low voltage stress. In the present work, the efficiency, current, and voltage stress of switches of an isolated Flyback boost converter, simple DC–DC Boost converter, and an Interleaved boost converter, are explored and studied relatively. The most suitable and optimized options with a high efficiency and low switching stress are investigated. The more suitable topology is designed and analyzed for the switch technology based on the Silicon-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (Si-MOSFET) and the Gallium Nitride-High Electron Mobility Transistor (GaN-HEMT). The Analytical approach is analyzed in this paper based on efficiency and switching stress. It is explored that GaN HEMT based Flyback boost converter is the best. Finally, the future direction for further improving the efficiency of the proposed boost converter is investigated.
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Yan, Yih-Her, Yong-Nong Chang, and Zhi-Xuan Peng. "Design of a Bidirectional CL3C Full-Bridge Resonant Converter for Battery Energy Storage Systems." Energies 15, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020412.
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In this study, a bidirectional CL3C full-bridge resonant converter was developed using a bidirectional active bridge converter as the main framework to improve conventional LLC resonant converters. A resonant inductor and resonant capacitor were installed at the secondary side of the developed resonant converter. The bidirectional operation of this converter enables zero-voltage switching at the supply-side power switch and zero-current switching at the load side. The aforementioned phenomena enhance the overall circuit efficiency and enable the resonant tank voltage to be increased in the reverse mode, which cannot be achieved with conventional bidirectional LLC resonant converters. The electrical equipment isolation function provided by a transformer made electricity usage safer, and digital control technology was adopted to control electrical energy conversion and simulate bidirectional energy conversion. Specifically, the experiment and simulation emulated how the developed converter enables energy transmission from a DC grid to a battery energy storage system through constant current–constant voltage charging and energy transmission from a battery energy storage system to a DC grid through constant power discharging.
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Faraj, Karrar Saad, and Jasim F. Hussein. "Analysis and Comparison of DC-DC Boost Converter and Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 5A (May 25, 2020): 622–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i5a.291.
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The step-up converters are widespread use in many applications, including powered vehicles, photovoltaic systems, continuous power supplies, and fuel cell systems. The reliability, quality, maintainability, and reduction in size are the important requirements in the energy conversion process. Interleaving method is one of advisable solution for heavy-performance applications, its harmonious in circuit design by paralleling two or more identical converters. This paper investigates the comparison performance of a two-phase interleaved boost converter with the traditional boost converter. The investigation of validation performance was introduced through steady-state analysis and operation. The operation modes and mathematical analysis are presented. The interleaved boost converter improves low-voltage stress across the switches, low-input current ripple also improving the efficiency compared with a traditional boost converter. To validate the performance in terms of input and output ripple and values, the two converters were tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results supported the mathematical analysis. The cancelation of ripple in input and output voltage is significantly detected. The ripple amplitude is reducing in IBC comparing with a traditional boost converter, and the ripple frequency is doubled. This tends to reduce output filter losses, and size.
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Senthilnathan, Karthikrajan, and K. Iyswarya Annapoorani. "A Review on Back-to-Back Converters in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator based Wind Energy Conversion System." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v2.i3.pp583-591.
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This paper presents a review on the application of back-to-back converters in the field of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). The wide applications of the back-to-back converters are power conditioning devices, micro grid, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC), Renewable energy systems. The intention is to present an overview about the design considerations taken by various researchers in back-to-back converters in the field of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) and recent developments on it. Generally the configuration of back-to-back converters used are 12 pulse Voltage Source Converters (VSC), 12 pulse Current Source Converter (CSC), 9 Pulse Voltage Source Converter<em>.</em>
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Melnykov, V. "DESIGN OF THE POWER TRANSISTOR ENERGY CONVERTERS FOR AUTOMATED DC-DRIVE SYSTEMS." Electromechanical and energy saving systems 2, no. 53 (2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2021.2.54.31-39.
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Purpose. One of the integral parts of modern mechatronic motion modules, where electric motors provide the conversion of electrical energy into useful mechanical action, are power semiconductor converters. At the current stage of industrial development, the use of energy converters as a part of a fully controlled semiconductor switches opens wide opportunities for the development and implementation of highly efficient resource- and energy-saving devices. Methodology. Two types of converters are widely used in automated DC electric drive systems: controlled thyristor rectifiers and pulse-width DC converters, the principle of operation of which is based on the key mode of operation of the regulating semiconductor, which periodically connects the source voltage to the output circuit. The paper presents a laboratory sample of a power semiconductor DC energy converter, which can ensure reliable motor operation in both motor and braking modes. Results. The presented transistor energy converter consists of two main parts: the first part performs the main role – control, and it includes a control unit, a microcontroller, and a device for displaying current information. The second part is a power module, which includes the necessary power supply modules, control drivers and power transistor switches of the converter. To obtain high quality transients of the electric drive system, the circuit is equipped with additional sensors of current, voltage and speed, which takes part in the formation of the control signal and in the protection systems against overvoltage and current jumps. Practical value. The paper substantiates the parameters of the components and proposes developed technical solutions for the construction of a microprocessor control system for a transistor DC energy converter. It is shown that in order to ensure a constant generator mode in automated electric drive systems, where the primary energy converter is an uncontrolled rectifier, it is expedient to install an energy discharge circuit in the DC link. References 18, figures 14.
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Piltyay, S., A. Bulashenko, I. Fesyuk, and O. Bulashenko. "Compact 2-step Septulum Polarization Converters for Radars and Satellite Systems." Advanced Electromagnetics 11, no. 2 (May 2, 2022): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v11i2.1789.
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This article presents the results of analysis, numerical simulations and optimization of new narrowband guide septulum polarization converters. Orthomode duplexers and polarization converter designs based on septulums are widely used in modern microwave systems with orthogonal circularly polarized signals. Septulum guide polarizer is an effective compact device, which transforms right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) and left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) electromagnetic modes into linearly polarized ones. At the same time it divides RHCP and LHCP modes and directs them to two different rectangular guides with high signal discrimination to each other. Thus, a septulum-based guide device integrates performance of a polarization transformer and of an orthomode duplexer. The main electromagnetic characteristics of the polarization converter were simulated in software based on the finite elements method in the frequency domain. The proposed design of a compact narrowband guide polarization converter has a septulum with two steps. Several designs of septulum polarization converters were developed and compared for different relative bandwidths of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The comparative investigation of the obtained designs was carried out. Main electromagnetic characteristics of optimal septulum polarization converters were compared. These include return losses, cross-polarization discrimination, ellipticity parameter, and ports discrimination. It was demonstrated that in 5% fractional bandwidth a compact 2-stepped septulum polarization converter has return losses greater than 22 dB. Its cross-polarization discrimination and ports discrimination are greater than 25 and 27 dB. Developed compact septulum polarization converters can be applied in modern antenna systems for radars and satellite communication systems.
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Anish John Paul, M. "Design and Analysis of DC-DC Converters for Photovoltaic Systems." Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 8, S1 (June 5, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2019.8.s1.2318.
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The solar energy conversion system is an alternative for conventional power generating system. The voltage which is available from solar array is variable and to obtain a stable voltage from solar panels, DC-DC converters are required for constant power production. A PV module is designed in MATLAB-SIMULlNK using the S-function builder and controlled current source. The proposed PV module enables us to obtain its P-V and I-V characteristics at different temperature and radiations. This paper presents the design and simulation of DC-DC converters. In this paper, Boost converter, cascaded Buck Boost and Cuk converter are modelled in MATLAB and their results are compare
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Ramalingam, Lakshmi, K. Karunanithi, and P. Chandrasekar. "Fuzzy-logic-control of two-switch & three-switch-serial-input interleaved-forward-converters." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp147-155.
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<p><span>This manuscript manages F-L-C of “two-switch& three-switch-interleaved-forward- -converters” with DC-engine-load”. Numerous modern applications require DC-power. This forward-converter convert's unregulated DC-capacity to controlled DC-control. It contains high recurrence transformer which is additionally called ‘isolation-transformer’. This gives disconnection among load& fundamental-circuit. The AC- control is amended utilizing half-wave-rectifier. The swell in the yield is separated utilizing pi- filter. FLC is intended for two-switch and three-switch forward-converter-systems. The simulation is completed by utilizing MATLAB-simulink. The controller execution is considered for different estimations of load-torque for both two-switch& three-switch forward-converter -frameworks.</span></p>
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Sarvi, M., I. Soltani, N. NamazyPour, and N. Rabbani. "A New Sliding Mode Controller for DC/DC Converters in Photovoltaic Systems." Journal of Energy 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/871025.
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DC/DC converters are widely used in many industrial and electrical systems. As DC/DC converters are nonlinear and time-variant systems, the application of linear control techniques for the control of these converters is not suitable. In this paper, a new sliding mode controller is proposed as the indirect control method and compared to a simple direct control method in order to control a buck converter in photovoltaic applications. The solar arrays are dependent power sources with nonlinear voltage-current characteristics under different environmental conditions (insolation and temperature). From this point of view, the DC/DC converter is particularly suitable for the application of the sliding mode control in photovoltaic application, because of its controllable states. Simulations are performed in Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation results are presented for a step change in reference voltage and input voltage as well as step load variations. The simulations results of proposed method are compared with the conventional PID controller. The results show the good performance of the proposed sliding mode controller. The proposed method can be used for the other DC/DC converter.
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Ali, M. S., S. K. Kamarudin, M. S. Masdar, and A. Mohamed. "An Overview of Power Electronics Applications in Fuel Cell Systems: DC and AC Converters." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/103709.
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Power electronics and fuel cell technologies play an important role in the field of renewable energy. The demand for fuel cells will increase as fuel cells become the main power source for portable applications. In this application, a high-efficiency converter is an essential requirement and a key parameter of the overall system. This is because the size, cost, efficiency, and reliability of the overall system for portable applications primarily depend on the converter. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate converter topology is an important and fundamental aspect of designing a fuel cell system for portable applications as the converter alone plays a major role in determining the overall performance of the system. This paper presents a review of power electronics applications in fuel cell systems, which include various topology combinations of DC converters and AC inverters and which are primarily used in fuel cell systems for portable or stand-alone applications. This paper also reviews the switching techniques used in power conditioning for fuel cell systems. Finally, this paper addresses the current problem encountered with DC converters and AC inverter.
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Jamshidpour, Ehsan, Slavisa Jovanovic, and Philippe Poure. "Equivalent Two Switches and Single Switch Buck/Buck-Boost Circuits for Solar Energy Harvesting Systems." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2020): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030583.
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In this paper, a comparative analysis has been presented of two equivalent circuits of non-isolated buck/buck-boost converters under synchronous control, used in a stand-alone Photovoltaic-battery-load system. The first circuit consists of two cascaded buck and buck-boost classical converters with two controllable switches. The buck converter is used to extract the maximum power of the Photovoltaic source, and the buck-boost converter is applied for the output voltage level control. The second circuit consists of a proposed converter with a single controllable switch. In both cases, the switching frequency is used to track the maximum power point and the duty ratio controls the output voltage level. Selected simulation results and experimental tests confirm that the two conversion circuits have identical behavior under synchronous control. This study shows that the single switch converter has a lower size and cost, but it is limited in the possible control strategy.
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Huynh, Phuoc Sang, Deepak Ronanki, Deepa Vincent, and Sheldon S. Williamson. "Overview and Comparative Assessment of Single-Phase Power Converter Topologies of Inductive Wireless Charging Systems." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 2150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092150.
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The acquisition of inductive power transfer (IPT) technology in commercial electric vehicles (EVs) alleviates the inherent burdens of high cost, limited driving range, and long charging time. In EV wireless charging systems using IPT, power electronic converters play a vital role to reduce the size and cost, as well as to maximize the efficiency of the overall system. Over the past years, significant research studies have been conducted by researchers to improve the performance of power conversion systems including the power converter topologies and control schemes. This paper aims to provide an overview of the existing state-of-the-art of power converter topologies for IPT systems in EV charging applications. In this paper, the widely adopted power conversion topologies for IPT systems are selected and their performance is compared in terms of input power factor, input current distortion, current stress, voltage stress, power losses on the converter, and cost. The single-stage matrix converter based IPT systems advantageously adopt the sinusoidal ripple current (SRC) charging technique to remove the intermediate DC-link capacitors, which improves system efficiency, power density and reduces cost. Finally, technical considerations and future opportunities of power converters in EV wireless charging applications are discussed.
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Zelnik, Richard, and Michal Prazenica. "Multiple Output Flyback Converter Design." TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 8, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tee.2019.3.032.
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DC-DC converters are mainly used to provide required output voltage by suitably controlling the pulse width modulated (PWM) signal given to the gate of the fast-acting power electronics switches. The flyback converter is one such popular isolated DC-DC converter topology used to obtain regulated output voltage in low power applications. They are used as power supply systems in space technology and in many other industrial power electronics systems, where having constant voltage is very much essential. This paper presents the practical implementation of multiple output Flyback converter with MOSFET as a switching device. The designed converter is observed to have a good output voltage regulation and higher efficiency for the wide input voltage range.
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CHUDAKOV, Alexander I., Valery O. IVASHCHENKO, Alexey P. ZELENCHENKO, and Nikolay V. LYSOV. "Optimization of control systems for suburban trains." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 2021, no. 4 (December 2021): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2021-4-499-506.
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Objective: The use of pulse conversion of electricity on direct-current traction rolling stock is discussed. Methods: A variant of the system for regulating the operating modes of traction motors of suburban electric trains using a pulse converter based on insulated gate bipolar transistors is described. (IGBT). Results: The proposed impulse control system is presented as a possible option for the modernization of the applied control systems, which makes it possible to improve the traction and energy indicators of suburban electric trains. The advantages of pulse converters based on IGBTs are shown in comparison with converters based on one- and two-operation thyristors. A simplifi ed electrical diagram of the power circuit of a motor car with a pulse converter is presented, a description of the operation of the power circuit in the traction mode and in the modes of rheostatic and regenerative braking is given. Practical importance: The presented results of the technical and economic comparison of the control systems of the ED4M electric train with a Современные технологии – транспорту 505 ISSN 1815-588Х. Известия ПГУПС 2021/4 contactor-rheostat control system and an electric train with regulation of the operating modes of traction electric motors by a pulse converter based on IGBT prove the best energy effi ciency of an electric train equipped with a pulse control system
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ZHUSUBALIYEV, ZHANYBAI T., ERIK MOSEKILDE, and OLGA O. YANOCHKINA. "TORUS BIFURCATIONS IN MULTILEVEL CONVERTER SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 21, no. 08 (August 2011): 2343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127411029835.
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This paper considers the processes of torus formation and reconstruction through smooth and nonsmooth bifurcations in a pulse-width modulated DC/DC converter with multilevel control. When operating in a regime of high corrector gain, converters of this type can generate structures of stable tori embedded one into the other and with their basins of attraction delineated by intervening repelling tori. The paper illustrates the coexistence of three stable tori with different resonance behaviors and shows how reconstruction of these tori takes place across the borders of different dynamical regimes. The paper also demonstrates how pairs of attracting and repelling tori emerge through border-collision torus-birth and border-collision torus-fold bifurcations.
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Do, Nguyen Hung, Sy Manh Ho, Quoc Tuan Le, Tung Hoang, Trong Minh Tran, and Phuong Vu. "Comparison between matrix and back-to-back converter in flywheel energy storage systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp744-754.
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Flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) are considered as the grid integration of renewable energy sources due to their buit-in advantages such as fast response, long cycle life and flexibility in providing auxiliary services to the grid, such as frequency regulation, and voltage support. This paper introduces the structure and comparison results of matrix converter and back-to-back converter which integrated with axial flux permanent magnet motor (AFPM) in FESS. Two converters are functionally equivalent in terms of input power quality and energy regeneration capabilities but need to be compared in terms of performance testing with speed response. In this paper, the research results have been verified that matrix converters perform more effective than back-to-back converters.
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M., Venkateswaran, Govindaraju C., and Santhosh T.K. "Integrated predictive control and fault diagnosis algorithm for single inductor-based DC-DC converters for photovoltaic systems." Circuit World 47, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-11-2019-0166.
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Purpose Power converters are an integral part of the energy conversion process in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems which is used to match the solar PV generation with the load requirements. The increased penetration of renewable invokes intermittency in the generated power affecting the reliability and continuous energy supply of such converters. DC-DC converters deployed in solar PV systems impose stringent restrictions on supplied power, continuous operation and fault prediction scenarios by continuously observing state variables to ensure continuous operation of the converter. Design/methodology/approach A converter deployed for a mission-critical application has to ensure continuous regulated output for which the converter has to ensure fault-free operation. The fault diagnostic algorithm relies on the measurement of a state variable to assess the type of fault. In the same line, a predictive controller depends on the measurement of a state variable to predict the control variable of a converter system to regulate the converter output around a fixed or a variable reference. Consequently, both the fault diagnosis and the predictive control algorithms depend on the measurement of a state variable. Once measured, the available data can be used for both algorithms interchangeably. Findings The objective of this work is to integrate the fault diagnostic and the predictive control algorithms while sharing the measurement requirements of both these control algorithms. The integrated algorithms thus proposed could be applied to any converter with a single inductor in its energy buffer stage. Originality/value laboratory prototype is created to verify the feasibility of the integrated predictive control and fault diagnosis algorithm. As the proposed method combine the fault detection algorithm along with predictive control, a load step variation and manual fault creation methods are used to verify the feasibility of the converter as with the simulation analysis. The value for the capacitors and inductors were chosen based on the charge-second and volt-second balance equations obtained from the steady-state analysis of boost converter.
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Luthfansyah, Mohammad, Suyanto Suyanto, and Abu Bakarr Momodu Bangura. "Evaluation and Comparison of DC-DC Power Converter Variations in Solar Panel Systems Using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) Control." E3S Web of Conferences 190 (2020): 00026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019000026.
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Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method that can be used to optimize the electrical power output from solar panels. The performance of the MPPT method on solar panel systems can be influenced by many variables. One of them is the selection of a DC-DC power converter. DC-DC-DC Converter is a component that is used to optimize the performance of solar panels. Several types of DC-DC Converter are Buck, Buck-Boost, Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC), and CUK. Each converter has a different effect on solar panels output power. In order to observe and make a comprehensive analysis, simulations are performed through PSIM (Power Simulator) software on the performance of several DC-DC Converters that use Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) as the MPPT algorithm. Variables that observed are the output power characteristic, the response of the voltage-current ripple signal, and the accuracy of the converter in the process of reaching the maximum power point condition. As a result, CUK converter can obtain the highest value of solar panel output power, 145.02 W. A low ripple level with a stable power value response is entirely generated by CUK and SEPIC Converter. Overall, for this system, the CUK converter has better performance than the other converters.
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Zheng, Zhongqiang, Zhipeng Yao, Zongyu Chang, Tao Yao, and Bo Liu. "A point absorber wave energy converter with nonlinear hardening spring power-take-off systems in regular waves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 234, no. 4 (May 2, 2020): 820–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090220913687.
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Point absorber wave energy converter is one of the most effective wave energy harness devices. Most of the wave energy converters generate energy by oscillating the floating body. Usually, the power-take-off system is simplified as a linear spring and a linear damper. However, the narrow frequency bandwidth around a particular resonant frequency is not suitable for real vibrations applications. Thus, a nonlinear hardening spring and a linear damper are applied in the power-take-off system. The bandwidth of hardening mechanism is discussed. The dynamic model of wave energy converter is built in regular waves with time domain method. The results show that the nonlinear wave energy converter has higher conversion efficiency than the linear wave energy converter more than the natural frequency state. The conversion efficiency of the nonlinear wave energy converter in the low frequency state is closed to the linear converter. The amplitude of the incident wave, the damping of the nonlinear wave energy converter and the nonlinear parameter [Formula: see text] affect the energy capture performance of the wave energy converter.
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Ren, Jiaqi. "A Nonisolated Multiport Converter Based on LLC and Bidirectional Buck/Boost for Low Power EH-Battery Systems." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2022.00018.
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Concerning about integration and high efficiency of topology, nonisolated multiport converters are widely researched in low power Energy-Harvesting-battery (EH-battery) systems. However, the pulse width modulation (PWM) based nonisolated multiport converters usually have the shortages of larger number of switches, ports’ voltage restrictions, hard switching, time-sharing transmission of energy and poor compatibility of MPPT algorithms. Therefore, in this article, a transformer-less multiport converter based on LLC and bidirectional buck/boost converter is proposed, which has the ability to step up and down voltage and well compatibility of MPPT. Meanwhile, soft switching technology is applied so that the converter can work in higher frequency and has smaller size. In addition, the energy can be transmitted simultaneously with the control of PWM and pulse frequency modulation (PFM). Finally, the experimental results of the proposed topology and its comparison with several topologies are given to prove the characteristics of the proposed converter
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Sasikala, Rajagopal, and R. Seyezhai. "Review of AC-DC power electronic converter topologies for power factor correction." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1510-1519.
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<p>Increased harmonic content and low power factor in power systems caused by power converters have been of great concern. To overcome this, several converter topologies employing advanced semiconductor devices and control schemes have been proposed. The aim of this paper is to identify a low cost, small size, efficient and reliable ac to dc converter to meet the input performance index of uninterrupted power supply. In this paper, comparison between three converters namely AC-DC Cuk rectifier, Fly back converter & Interleaved SEPIC converter have been carried out. For the above converters both bridged and bridgeless topologies have been analysed. The working of all the three types of converter has been illustrated with relevant waveforms followed by the simulation results. Comparison of the three converters have been done based on the parameters namely Displacement Factor, Supply Power Factor& supply THD. The results are verified.</p>
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Uno, Masatoshi, and Kazuki Sugiyama. "Switched Capacitor Converter Based Multiport Converter Integrating Bidirectional PWM and Series-Resonant Converters for Standalone Photovoltaic Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 34, no. 2 (February 2019): 1394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2018.2828984.
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Eguchi, Kei, Ichirou Oota, Shinya Terada, and Kuniaki Fujimoto. "Design and Analysis of a Generalized Dual Fibonacci Converter Using Improved Charge Reusing Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.920.
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For energy-harvesting systems utilizing thermoelectric energy, a dual Fibonacci converter using power saving techniques is proposed. Compared with conventional converters, the proposed converter can provide higher output voltages without magnetic components. The output voltage of the proposed converter is expressed by the k-step (2, 3, 4 ...) Fibonacci numbers. Furthermore, a novel control technique is proposed to utilize the energy stored in stray parasitic capacitances effectively. The result of simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) simulations shows that the proposed converter can provide higher output voltages than conventional converters. Furthermore, more than 8.4% of power efficiency is improved by the proposed technique.
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Hwang, Soon-Sang, Seung-Woo Baek, and Hag-Wone Kim. "Power Balance Method using Coupled Shunt Inductor and Multiple-Input Transformer for ISOP LLC Converter." Electronics 8, no. 3 (March 22, 2019): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030352.
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High-capacity power-supply systems using a large input voltage typically improve efficiency and can be miniaturized by dividing the input voltage into multiple small voltages, thereby minimizing the stress on the switching element and thus materializing a fast switching function. When a large input voltage is divided into small voltages in series through a DC link capacitor, power is supplied to each converter and the power of each LLC (Inductor-Inductor-Capacitor) converter can be divided and converted. However, such LLC converters, which are configured by the division of the input voltage, have power imbalance due to the parameter variation between active and passive elements of the power board, which results in an increase in the stress and heat of a particular element. As this problem of power balance necessitates a design for securing a power margin and as the heated element increases its volume, the efficiency and reliability of the LLC converter are degenerated. Accordingly, this study attempted to solve the problem of the power imbalance of LLC converters at each level using a coupled shunt inductor and multiple-input transformers sharing magnetic coupling.
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Suszynski, R., and K. Wawryn. "Rapid prototyping of algorithmic A/D converters based on FPAA devices." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2013-0073.
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Abstract A rapid prototyping method for designing mixed signal systems has been presented in the paper. The method is based on implementation of the field programmable analog array (FPAA) to configure and reconfigure mixed signal systems. A serial algorithmic analog digital converter has been used as an example. Three converter architectures have been selected and implemented FPAA device. To verify and illustrate converters operation and prototyping capabilities, implemented converters have been excited by a sinusoidal signal. Analog sinusoidal excitations, digital responses and sinusoidal waveforms after reconstruction are presented.
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Zhang, Hailong, Yafei Chen, Sung-Jun Park, and Dong-Hee Kim. "A Family of Bidirectional DC–DC Converters for Battery Storage System with High Voltage Gain." Energies 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2019): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071289.
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In low power energy storage systems, to match the voltage levels of the low-voltage battery side and high-voltage direct current (DC) bus, a high voltage gain converter with bidirectional operation is required. In this system, the cost effectiveness of the design is a critical factor; therefore, the system should be designed using a small number of components. This paper proposes a set of bidirectional converters with high voltage gain range based on the integration of the boost converter with a Ćuk converter, single ended primary inductor converter (Sepic), and buck-boost converter. The proposed converters consist of a small number of components with a high voltage gain ratio. Detailed comparisons are made with respect to the operating mode, number of components, voltage, and current ripple and efficiency. The efficiency of proposed converters are higher than the conventional converters in entire power range, and 6% higher efficiency can be achieved in large duty cycle by calculating loss analysis. To verify performances of the proposed converters, three 200-W prototypes of the converters are developed under the same experimental conditions. The results revealed that converter I exhibits the highest efficiency in the boost mode (92%) and buck mode (92.2%). The experimental results are shown to verify the feasibility and performances of the set of converters.
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Xie, Guang Jun, Hai Bin Fang, and Hui Fang Xu. "Analysis of Multi-Converter System’s Stability Using the Active Damping Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 950–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.950.
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In Multi-converter power electronic systems, load converters exhibit constant power load (CPL) behavior for the feeder converters and tend to destabilize the system. In this paper, Buck DC-DC converters are taken as an example, and the implementation of active-damping techniques has been shown to analyze the stability of multi-converter power electronic systems. Moreover, active damping is generally implemented by a feedback loop, which produces the effect of a virtual resistor and damps the oscillations, the proposed active-damping method can overcome the negative impedance instability problem caused by the CPLs. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been verified by Matlab/Simulink simulations.
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Li, Liran, Zhiwu Huang, Heng Li, Xiaohui Qu, and Jun Peng. "A Highly Efficient and Reliable Power Scheme Using Improved Push-Pull Forward Converter for Heavy-Duty Train Applications." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 2 (March 18, 2016): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0342.
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Electronically controlled pneumatic (ECP) brake systems have become popular in heavy-duty train applications because of their advantages, which include shorter stopping distances, improved handling, and less brake-shoe and wheel wear. In ECP brake systems, an improved power supply is required to support efficient and reliable operations. In this paper, we propose a new power converter for ECP brake systems, which is derived from a conventional push-pull converter. As opposed to conventional push-pull converters, we insert a clamping capacitor into the proposed circuit. This clamping capacitor simultaneously enables a greater number of operation modes for the proposed converter and absorbs the voltage spikes in the switch. The proposed converter is more suited for ECP brake applications that require high power, low voltage ripple, and high impedance. We theoretically analyze the proposed converter, and present the design guidelines. Further, we discuss the modeling and control aspects. We demonstrate the operations of the proposed model by performing both simulations and experiments.
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Walczak, Marcin, and Leszek Bychto. "Influence of Parasitic Resistances on the Input Resistance of Buck and Boost Converters in Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Systems." Electronics 10, no. 12 (June 18, 2021): 1464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10121464.
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DC/DC converters are widely used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to maximize the power drained from solar panels. As the power generated by a PV panel depends on the temperature and irradiance level, a converter needs to constantly modify its input resistance to remain at the maximum power point (MPP). The input resistance of a converter can be described by a simple equation that includes the converter load resistance and the duty cycle of the switching signal. The equation is sufficient for an ideal converter but can lead to incorrect results for a real converter, which naturally features some parasitic resistances. The goal of this study is to evaluate how the parasitic resistances of a converter influence its input resistance and if they are relevant in terms of MPPT system operation.
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Fares, Ahmed M., Christian Klumpner, and Mark Sumner. "A Novel Modular Multiport Converter for Enhancing the Performance of Photovoltaic-Battery Based Power Systems." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9193948.
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This paper introduces a novel multiport power converter with modular architecture for photovoltaic (PV)-battery based power systems. Compared to conventional centralized multiport converters, the proposed converter significantly improves the utilization of PV available energy and battery capacity as it does not require a high number of series-connected PV and battery modules. The proposed converter also eliminates the need for additional battery cell/module equalizer circuitry by being able to implement directly energy management strategies that consider the different capabilities of battery modules to ensure charge/stress balancing. This makes it a promising solution for interfacing second-life batteries or for systems that utilize batteries with a high degree of mismatch. The modularity of the proposed converter enhances system reliability and fault tolerance and reduces the power/voltage ratings of the power electronic devices. The converter modes of operation, control strategy and design considerations are discussed. A 75 V/1 kW integrated PV-battery power system prototype is built and tested to validate the concept.
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Lim, Ji-Hoon, Dong-In Lee, Ye-Ji Hyeon, Jae-Hyuk Choi, and Han-Shin Youn. "Differential Power Processing Converter with an Integrated Transformer and Secondary Switch for Power Generation Optimization of Multiple Photovoltaic Submodules." Energies 15, no. 3 (February 7, 2022): 1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031210.
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In recent years, to increase the fuel efficiency of environment-friendly vehicles, a large volume of research is ongoing regarding applying photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, in PV systems, a power imbalance between submodules is common due to shading or pollution, and this degrades the power generation efficiency of the system. To solve this problem, various differential power processing (DPP) converters have been developed. In order to adopt the DPP converter to environment-friendly vehicles, the DPP converter must have a small volume, high efficiency, and high price competitiveness. In this regard, we propose a DPP converter with a single multi-winding transformer by integrating multiple transformers and secondary sides of the conventional flyback DPP converter. Since the proposed DPP converter can be applied to battery balancing circuits as well as photovoltaic systems, the proposed circuit is a valuable converter. In the PV system, the maximum output power of each submodule is 60 W, and the total PV system is 240 W by connecting four submodules in series. To verify the validity of the proposed DPP converter, a prototype with 8 V input and 60 W/30 V output specification was built and tested, and the effectiveness of the proposed converter is supported by the experimental results.
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SZCZESNY, ROMUALD, and MIECZYSLAW RONKOWSKI. "MODELING AND SIMULATION OF CONVERTER SYSTEMS PART II: SIMULATION PACKAGE TCAD." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 05, no. 04 (December 1995): 669–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126695000400.
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The methods, models and techniques — presented in the companion paper — have been used as a basis for the evaluation of popular general-purpose electrical circuit simulation programs, in particular, their applicability in the analysis of power electronic circuits. As a result of this critical evaluation, the general requirements for the simulation program adequate for converter systems studies and design have been formulated. On this basis the algorithm of TCAD — a general-purpose converter system simulation program — has been elaborated. In presentation of the TCAD program three parties have been distinguished: the first one emphasizes the applications of modern simulation methods for converter systems, the second describes briefly the features of the main modules of the TCAD package, and the third presents some simulation examples of practical converter systems. Three simulation examples are presented: two resonant converters and an induction motor drive fed by a full-bridge voltage source PWM inverter at normal and fault operation conditions. A good agreement between simulation and experimental results has proved that this simulation package is a power tool for research, teaching and engineering practice.
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Guarderas, Galo, Airan Frances, Dionisio Ramirez, Rafael Asensi, and Javier Uceda. "Blackbox Large-Signal Modeling of Grid-Connected DC-AC Electronic Power Converters." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 14, 2019): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12060989.
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Modern electric power distribution systems are progressively integrating electronic power converters. However, the design of electronic-power-converter-based systems is not a straightforward task, as the interactions among the different converters can lead to dynamic degradation or instabilities. In addition, electric power distribution systems are expected to consist of commercial-off-the-shelf converters, which implies limited information about the dynamic behavior of the devices. Large-signal blackbox modeling approaches have been proposed in order to obtain accurate dynamic models of commercial converters that can be used for system-level analyses. However, most of the works are focused on DC-DC converters. In this work, a large-signal blackbox model is proposed to model grid-connected three-phase DC-AC converters. An experimental setup has been used to demonstrate the limitations of small-signal models and the capability of the proposed modeling approach to capture the dynamic behavior of the converter when large perturbations are applied. Finally, the automation of the model identification process is discussed.