Journal articles: 'Conversioni'

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Marinucci, Roberto. "Conversioni: verso un nuovo modo di credere? Europa, pluralismo, Islam." REMHU: Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 27, no. 57 (December 2019): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880005715.

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Napolitani, Diego. "Gruppi: apparizioni del Reale attraverso il "con-esserci".Rivelazioni, conversioni, fedi." RIVISTA ITALIANA DI GRUPPOANALISI, no. 1 (December 2009): 7–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rig2009-001002.

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Hamilton, Alastair. "I nomi degli altri. Conversioni a Venezia e nel Friuli Veneto in età moderna." Church History and Religious Culture 91, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 452–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187124111x609540.

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Benjamin Ravid. "I nomi degli altri: Conversioni a Venezia e nel Friuli Veneto in età moderna (review)." Catholic Historical Review 96, no. 3 (2010): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cat.0.0742.

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Barcellona, Pietro. "Elogio del discorso inutile." RUOLO TERAPEUTICO (IL), no. 114 (May 2010): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rt2010-114003.

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La nostra epoca tecnico-scientifica sembra ossessionata dalla risoluzione di problemi, pratici o teorici che siano. Saggisti, opinionisti e persino filosofi non resistono al richiamo delle sirene. Il dramma č che ai consulenti predicatori che forniscono ricette e soluzioni, fa da contraltare una schiera sempre piů vasta di individui disorientati e incapaci di prendere decisioni autonome. La ricerca della veritŕ, perň, č ben diversa dalla ricerca di rimedi efficaci, perché implica la creazione di un nuovo spazio mentale, dove pensieri ed emozioni si trasformano in nuovi pensieri ed emozioni. Di qui la scelta dell'elogio del discorso "inutile", che attiene alle trasformazioni soggettive, alle relazioni affettive, liberando lo spazio mentale dai vincoli del conformismo sociale e dall'etica del successo. Sono "inutili" tutti quei discorsi che riguardano la sfera psichica, che producono rappresentazioni mentali diverse e creano scenari differenti da quelli consueti. Si tratta di dialoghi interattivi, creativi, dove non č possibile distinguere chi dona da chi riceve e richiamano le riflessioni sul radicamento di Simone Weil, secondo cui sapere č comprendere e non apprendere. L'efficacia del comprendere ha a che vedere con la trasformazione del soggetto, attraverso il suo sguardo sul mondo. Il discorso "inutile" usa il linguaggio dell'eccedenza, che ci aiuta ad appezzare l'incalcolabile significato degli affetti, dell'amicizia, di tutto ciň per cui vale la pena di perdere la vita per ritrovarla piů ricca. Come la conversione di Paolo, ogni nuova visione del mondo č un'irruzione dell'impensato nella vita quotidiana. E l'impensato sta a testimoniare l'eccedenza. Possiamo considerare i percorsi psicoanalitici delle conversioni, perché si strutturano nel tempo attraverso la creazione di nuovi significati, che retroagiscono sulla storia del soggetto, rilanciandola in avanti.

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Abu Bakar, Saiful Anuar, and Azhar Abdul Aziz. "Active Suspension System to Improve Ride Comfort Performance of Electric Vehicle (EV) Conversion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.208.

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This paper presents an evaluation of ride comfort performance of a passenger vehicle when converted into an electric vehicle (EV). The evaluations were done using a validated 7 degrees of freedom of vehicle’s ride model. The developed vehicle’s ride model was used to predict the vehicle’s ride behaviours when subjected to random road profiles. The ride model of EV conversion was then integrated with the active suspension system in order to further improve the EV conversion’s ride comfort performance. It was found that the modifications of a normal passenger vehicle into an EV conversion do not affect vehicle’s ride comfort performance significantly, except the conversion changes only the magnitude of vehicle’s vertical displacement, pitch rate and pitch angle responses. However, the integration of an active suspension system in EV conversions ride model was improves the observed responses of EV conversion’s ride comfort performance by overall improvement of 65.7 percents.

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Fabre, Pierre-Antoine. "Conversioni nel Mediterraneo, Anna Foa et Lucetta Scaraffia (sous la direction de), Dimensioni e problemi della ricerca storica, 2, 1996, Rome, 270 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 54, no. 4 (August 1999): 970–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900041688.

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Lienemann-Perrin, Christine. "Configurations and Prefigurations of Conversion in the History of World Christianity." Mission Studies 34, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341481.

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Many contemporary understandings and implementations of conversion are prefigured in historical periods of world Christianity. In this paper, I consider a selection of historical moments, which together illustrate the broad variety of understandings and practices of conversion. I begin with conversion’s role in the formation of Christianity, followed by conversion in oriental Christianity under the influence of Islam from the seventh century. I then explore conversion in occidental Christianity during the early modern period. Exported to China in the seventeenth century, this conception ultimately failed to translate into the Chinese context. After briefly considering this development, I turn to an understanding of conversion that emerged in African societies, which responded in their own ways to Western missions during late colonialism. Finally, I consider the nature of conversion, de-conversion and re-conversion in secularized societies.很多当代对转化的认知及实施都是在世界基督教的历史阶段中被预示了的。在这篇文章中，我择选了部分历史片段，用以说明对转化的理解及实践的多样性。我以基督教成形中转化的角色为开始，进入到七世纪在伊斯兰教影响下的东方基督教的转化，然后探讨近现代欧美基督教的转化。当这概念在十七世纪进口到中国时，并未成功地转入中国社会。这之后，我会考查在非洲社会呈现的对转化的理解，他们怎样在后殖民主义时期以自己的方式回应西方宣教。最后，我会探讨在世俗化社会里转化，非转化及再转化的本质。Muchas interpretaciones y prácticas contemporáneas de la conversión fueron anticipadas en los períodos históricos del cristianismo. En este artículo, la autora considera una selección de momentos históricos que en conjunto ilustran la amplia variedad de entendimientos y prácticas de conversión. Comienza con el papel de la conversión en la formación del cristianismo, seguido, desde el siglovii, por la conversión en el cristianismo oriental bajo la influencia del Islam. A continuación, explora la conversión en el cristianismo occidental durante la Edad Moderna. Esta concepción fue exportada a la China en el sigloxviipero no pudo trasladarse al contexto chino. Luego de considerar brevemente este desarrollo, analiza el tipo de conversión que surgió en las sociedades africanas, que respondieron a su manera a las misiones occidentales durante la época del colonialismo tardío. Por último, considera la naturaleza de la conversión, la des-conversión y la re-conversión en las sociedades secularizadas.This article is in English.

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Jansen, Mechteld. "Conversion in Post-secularity." Mission Studies 33, no. 3 (November 8, 2016): 275–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341464.

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This article takes the post-secular mind-set as a heuristic lens to see the concept of conversion in a new, and perhaps refreshing, way. Missiology, taken here as the theological and therefore critical study of Christian mission, has always had a keen eye on conversion as a concept covering manifold experiences of change in religious faith, behaviour, and allegiance. However, the modern secular outlook has not been able to cater for a good missiological explanation and understanding of ongoing conversions. We will assess the work of two outspoken missiologists of our day, Marion Grau and Bryan Stone, in order to find out what a post-secular outlook on conversion may bring to light. Post-secularity may encourage missiologists to move beyond the secular imaginary of conversion as only a socioeconomic phenomenon on the one hand, and beyond the religious imaginary of conversion as only an answer to a divine call on the other hand. Post-secularity opens up to see the complex contextual entanglement of the religious and the secular realm involved in conversion.1 本文以后世俗的思想倾向作为启发式的透镜，用全新的方式来看待转化的概念。宣教学，作为神学和基督教宣教的重要研究，总是对转化很关注，因它覆盖了多层面的宗教信仰和行为上的改变和拥护。但是，现代世俗观点不能对不断的转化作一个好的宣教的解释和了解。我们会对两位当今坦率的宣教学者，马瑞恩·葛若和布瑞·斯彤的著作做个评估，以发现后世俗的观点会对转化带来什么亮光。后世俗主义可能会鼓励宣教学者们，一方面逾越将转化当作社会经济现象的世俗虚构，另一方面逾越将转化当作唯一回应上帝呼召的宗教虚构。后世俗主义打开了转化在宗教与世俗领域里的复杂的处境化的缠绕。 Este artículo utiliza una lente investigativa pos-secular para tratar el concepto de la conversion a través de un método quizás nuevo y refrescante. La misionología, tomada aquí como el estudio teológico y, por lo tanto, crítico de la misión cristiana, ha puesto siempre una mirada perspicaz sobre la conversión como un concepto que abarca múltiples experiencias de cambio en la fe religiosa, en el comportamiento y en la fidelidad. Sin embargo, la perspectiva secular moderna no ha sido capaz de proveer una buena explicación y comprensión misionológicas sobre conversiones que se producen de manera continua. Se evaluará el trabajo de Marion Grau y Bryan Stone, dos misiólogos muy francos de nuestros días, para saber si esta perspectiva pos-secular puede aportar algo nuevo sobre la conversión. Por un lado, la pos-secularidad puede ayudar a que los misiólogos vayan más allá del imaginario social sobre la conversión como un fenómeno socio-económico; y por el otro, ir más allá del imaginario religioso de la conversión como sólo una respuesta al llamado divino. La pos-secularidad permite observar la compleja situación contextual entre el ámbito religioso y el secular involucrados en el tema de la conversión. This article is in English.

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SHARMA, SUBHASH KUMAR, SHRI PRAKASH DUBEY, and ANIL KUMAR MISHRA. "Development of Library Components for Floating Point Processor." Journal of Ultra Scientist of Physical Sciences Section A 33, no. 4 (June 15, 2021): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22147/jusps-a/330402.

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This paper deals with development of an n-bit binary to decimal conversion, decimal to n bit binary conversion and decimal to IEEE-754 conversion for floating point arithmetic logic unit (FPALU) using VHDL. Normally most of the industries now a days are using either 4-bit conversion of ALU or 8-bit conversions of ALU, so we have generalized this, thus we need not to worry about the bit size of conversion of ALU. It has solved all the problems of 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit conversions of ALU’s and so on. Hence, we have utilized VHSIC Hardware Description Language and Xilinx in accomplishing this task of development of conversions processes of ALU

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Hendriksen, Brandon S., Christopher S. Hollenbeak, Matthew D. Taylor, and Michael F. Reed. "Minimally Invasive Lobectomy Modality and Other Predictors of Conversion to Thoracotomy." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 14, no. 4 (May 17, 2019): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556984519849037.

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Objective Minimally invasive approaches to lobectomy are increasing. Rates of conversion to thoracotomy are well reported but risk factors are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the impact of surgical modality (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery [VATS] and robotic) on conversion as well as to identify other risk factors for conversion. Methods The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to identify patients who underwent minimally invasive lobectomy between 2010 and 2015. Patient characteristics were compared between VATS and robotic approaches using chi-squared tests and t-tests. Logistic regression models were used to control for covariates and identify factors associated with all minimally invasive conversion, VATS conversion, and robotic conversion. Propensity score matching was used to compare conversion rates of VATS and robotic lobectomy. Results The study included 51,723 patients with lung cancer who underwent minimally invasive lobectomy (VATS or robotic). Conversion was identified in 7,109 (7.3%) operations. The odds of VATS conversions were nearly twice that of robotic conversions (OR 1.94 P < 0.0001). After controlling for VATS and robotic patient imbalances with propensity score matching, there was a 5% difference in conversion rates (14% vs. 9%, P < 0.0001). Other predictors of minimally invasive conversion included community hospitals, tumor size 4.5 cm or greater, and an increasing Charlson comorbidity index ( P < 0.03 for all). Conclusions VATS is associated with nearly twice the odds of conversion as robotic lobectomy. Identifying specific risk factors for both VATS and robotic conversions may aid in appropriate modality selection and reduction of conversions.

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Aho, P. S., W. D. Roth, P. Keto, and M. Lepäntalo. "Early Elective Conversion for Failing Evar." Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 94, no. 3 (September 2005): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145749690509400309.

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Background: The aim of the study was to assess the long term results of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms at the Helsinki University Central Hospital 1996–2004 with a special emphasis on elective conversion procedures and their outcome. Methods: Treatment results and follow-up data of all 110 elective EVAR procedures performed in our institution were gathered prospectively and evaluated. Results: Conversion to open surgery was performed in 23 (21%) of 110 EVAR patients. 30-day mortality after elective stent-graft deployment was 0% as it was also on elective conversions (n = 20). Secondary elective conversions were performed due to infection in two and after failing stent-graft treatment in 12 patients. Six of the conversions were performed primarily. Three urgent conversions (3% overall) were performed: two of these patients died, corresponding to an overall mortality of 9% (2/23) in all conversions. Five-year aneurysm-related mortality after EVAR among patients with elective conversion was 0% and 19% in patients with secondary procedures other than elective conversions. Conclusions: As conversions seem to be hazardous only when performed in urgent situations, elective conversion could be an alternative treatment method in complex failing first-generation stent-grafts as it may reduce mortality associated with urgent conversions or repeated attempts to maintain graft integrity with endovascular procedures.

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Böckler, Dittmar, Thomas Probst, Heinz Weber, and Dieter Raithel. "Surgical Conversion after Endovascular Grafting for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 9, no. 1 (February 2002): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152660280200900118.

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Purpose: To analyze the indications, results, and technical problems associated with conversion after endoluminal repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) based on a 6-year experience in endovascular grafting. Methods: From August 1994 to May 2000, 520 patients with AAA were deemed candidates for endovascular therapy based on data from contrast-enhanced computed tomography and aortography. Any conversions were performed using an open operation modified according to the indication for conversion, elapsed time from the endoluminal repair, and type of endograft (tube, bifurcated, infra-/suprarenal fixation). Results: Conversion to open repair was required in 37 (7.1%) cases: 23 tube grafts and 14 bifurcated devices. Seventeen (3.2%) conversions occurred at the original operation and 20 (3.8%) were performed secondarily. Indications for primary conversion were mainly device defects (n = 5) or access problems (n = 5), while secondary conversion was primarily owing to type I endoleak (n = 16). The conversion rate was significantly higher in modular devices (5.9%) than unibody designs (1.4%) (p = 0.003). The rate of primary conversions diminished from 10.9% in 1994–1995 to 2.4% between 1996 and 2000, as did the overall mortality rate, from 8.3% in the first time period to 0% in the second for elective conversions, but emergency operations had 40% mortality. Conclusions: Most AAAs require bifurcated devices for complete exclusion, and older model modular grafts have higher conversion rates. Primary conversion decreases as more experience in endoluminal grafting is acquired. Emergency open repair results in a high mortality rate.

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Judd, S. R., and T. D. Petes. "Physical lengths of meiotic and mitotic gene conversion tracts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 118, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/118.3.401.

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Abstract Physical lengths of gene conversion tracts for meiotic and mitotic conversions were examined, using the same diploid yeast strain in all experiments. This strain is heterozygous for a mutation in the URA3 gene as well as closely linked restriction site markers. In cells that had a gene conversion event at the URA3 locus, it was determined by Southern analysis which of the flanking heterozygous restriction sites had co-converted. It was found that mitotic conversion tracts were longer on the average than meiotic tracts. About half of the tracts generated by spontaneous mitotic gene conversion included heterozygous markers 4.2 kb apart; none of the meiotic conversions included these markers. Stimulation of mitotic gene conversion by ultraviolet light or methylmethanesulfonate had no obvious effect on the size or distribution of the tracts. Almost all conversion tracts were continuous.

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Shen, Yu-Chu. "Changes in Hospital Performance after Ownership Conversions." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 40, no. 3 (August 2003): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_40.3.217.

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This paper examines the effects of ownership conversions on hospital performance between 1987 and 1998 in areas of financial performance, staffing, capacity, and unprofitable care. Conversions to government and for-profit ownership both increased the profit margin: the former due to rising revenue, and the latter due to reduced operating costs and rising revenue. Hospitals that converted to for-profit ownership had the greatest reduction in staffing relative to other converted hospitals. There was little change in bed capacity after conversion to for-profit status, but some reductions in bed capacity after conversion to government or nonprofit status. No conversion of any kind led to a reduced amount of unprofitable care, but conversion to private ownership (nonprofit and for-profit) increased the probability of trauma center closures.

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Borts, R. H., and J. E. Haber. "Length and distribution of meiotic gene conversion tracts and crossovers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 123, no. 1 (September 1, 1989): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/123.1.69.

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Abstract We have measured gene conversion tract length in strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing three to six restriction site heterozygosities in a 9-kb interval. Tetrads containing a conversion were identified genetically by nonmendelian segregation of a marker in the middle of the interval. Gene conversions accompanied by a crossover have a tract length of 1.4 kb +/- 0.7 kb, which is indistinguishable from a tract length of 1.6 +/- 0.8 for conversions without an associated exchange. Among tetrads identified first as having a crossover in the interval, the average gene conversion tracts were apparently significantly shorter (0.71 +/- 1). We provide evidence that this apparent difference is due to the method of measuring conversion tracts and does not reflect a real difference in tract length. We also provide evidence that the number and position of restriction site markers alters the apparent distribution of the conversion tracts. More than ninety percent of the conversion tracts spanning three or more sites were continuous.

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Santoyo, Gustavo, Jaime M. Martínez-Salazar, César Rodríguez, and David Romero. "Gene Conversion Tracts Associated with Crossovers in Rhizobium etli." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 4116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.12.4116-4126.2005.

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ABSTRACT Gene conversion has been defined as the nonreciprocal transfer of information between homologous sequences. Despite its broad interest for genome evolution, the occurrence of this mechanism in bacteria has been difficult to ascertain due to the possible occurrence of multiple crossover events that would mimic gene conversion. In this work, we employ a novel system, based on cointegrate formation, to isolate gene conversion events associated with crossovers in the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium etli. In this system, selection is applied only for cointegrate formation, with gene conversions being detected as unselected events. This minimizes the likelihood of multiple crossovers. To track the extent and architecture of gene conversions, evenly spaced nucleotide changes were made in one of the nitrogenase structural genes (nifH), introducing unique sites for different restriction endonucleases. Our results show that (i) crossover events were almost invariably accompanied by a gene conversion event occurring nearby; (ii) gene conversion events ranged in size from 150 bp to 800 bp; (iii) gene conversion events displayed a strong bias, favoring the preservation of incoming sequences; (iv) even small amounts of sequence divergence had a strong effect on recombination frequency; and (v) the MutS mismatch repair system plays an important role in determining the length of gene conversion segments. A detailed analysis of the architecture of the conversion events suggests that multiple crossovers are an unlikely alternative for their generation. Our results are better explained as the product of true gene conversions occurring under the double-strand break repair model for recombination.

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Walsh, J. Bruce. "Sequence-Dependent Gene Conversion: Can Duplicated Genes Diverge Fast Enough to Escape Conversion?" Genetics 117, no. 3 (November 1, 1987): 543–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/117.3.543.

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ABSTRACT Conversion between duplicated genes limits their independent evolution. Models in which conversion frequencies decrease as genes diverge are examined to determine conditions underwhich genes can "escape" further conversion and hence escape from a gene family. A review of results from various recombination systems suggests two classes of sequence-dependence models: (1) the "k-hit" model in which conversion is completely inactivated by a few (k) mutational events, such as the insertion of a mobile element, and (2) more general models where conversion frequency gradually declines as genes diverge through the accumulation of point mutants. Exact analysis of the k-hit model is given and an approximate analysis of a more general sequence-dependent model is developed and verified by computer simulation. If ´ is the per nucleotide mutation rate, then neutral duplicated genes diverging through point mutants are likely to escape conversion provided 2µ/λ >> 0.1, where λ is the conversion rate between identical genes. If 2µ/λ << 0.1, the expected number of conversions before escape increases exponentially so that, for biological purposes, the genes never escape conversion. For single mutational events sufficient to block further conversions, occurring at rate ν per copy per generation, many conversions are expected if 2ν/λ << 1, while the genes essentially evolve independently if 2ν/λ >> 1. Implications of these results for both models of concerted evolution and the evolution of new gene functions via gene duplication are discussed.

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Zhao, Dandan, Hong He, Wen Wang, Jiping Liu, Haibo Du, Miaomiao Wu, and Xinyuan Tan. "Distribution and Driving Factors of Forest Swamp Conversions in a Cold Temperate Region." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102103.

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Forest swamps are widely distributed in cold temperate regions, with important landscape and ecological functions. They are prone to conversion caused by complex factors. Forest swamp conversions involve forest swamping, meadow swamping, water body swamping, and conversion to farmland. An understanding of the landscape characteristics and primary environmental factors driving forest swamp conversions is imperative for exploring the mechanism of forest swamp conversions. We investigated the landscape characteristics of forest swamp conversions and quantified the relative importance of environmental factors driving these conversions for the period from 1990 to 2015 in the Great Xing’an Mountains of China. We found that forest swamping displayed high patch numbers (34,916) and density (8.51/100 ha), commonly occurring at the edge of large areas of forests. Meadow swamping was localized with low patch numbers (3613) and density (0.88/100 ha) due to lack of water recharge from ground water. Water body swamping had complex shapes (perimeter area ratio mean = 348.32) because of water table fluctuations and helophyte growth during this conversion process. Conversions to farmland presented fairly regular (perimeter area ratio mean = 289.91) and aggregated (aggregation index = 67.82) characteristics affected by agricultural irrigation and management. We found that climatic and geomorphic factors were relatively important compared to topographic factors for forest swamp conversions. Negative geomorphic conditions provided the waterlogging environment as a precondition of swamp formation. Sufficient precipitation was an important source of water recharge due to the existence of permafrost regions and long-term low temperature reduced the evaporation of swamps water and the decomposition rate of organisms. These wet and cold climatic conditions promoted forest swamp development in cold temperate regions. Humans exerted a relatively important role in forest swamping and conversions to farmland. Fire disturbance and logging accelerated the conversion from forest to swamp. This study provides scientific information necessary for the management and conservation of forest swamp resources in cold temperate regions.

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Zeldes, Nadia. "The Mass Conversion of 1495 in South Italy and its Precedents: a Comparative Approach." Medieval Encounters 25, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 227–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340045.

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Abstract Forced mass conversions were relatively rare in the Middle Ages but they have a central place in both medieval narratives and modern historiography. A distinction should be made between conversions ordered by Christian rulers, and pressure to convert coming from popular elements. Some well-known examples of the first category are the baptism ordered by the Visigothic rulers in Spain and the forced conversion of the Jews in Portugal. The mass conversion of the Jews of the kingdom of Naples in 1495 belongs to the second category. The article proposes to analyze the causes leading to the outbursts of violence against Jews in 1495 and the resulting mass conversions by making use of primary sources such as contemporary Italian and Hebrew chronicles, rabbinic responsa, and Sicilian material. Finally it proposes a comparison with other events of mass conversion, and principally that of 1391 in Castile and Aragon.

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Hemli, Jonathan M., Nirav C. Patel, and Valavanur A. Subramanian. "Increasing Surgical Experience with Off-Pump Coronary Surgery Does Not Mitigate the Morbidity of Emergency Conversion to Cardiopulmonary Bypass." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 7, no. 4 (July 2012): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0b013e31826f0d7a.

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Objective Emergency conversion during off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) confers significant morbidity. We sought to determine whether the outcomes in these patients have changed as our experience with off-pump techniques has increased. Methods Between January 1999 and December 2010, 4763 patients underwent coronary artery surgery. An off-pump strategy was attempted in 4415 cases (92.7%). The results of the most recent 50 patients who required emergency conversion were compared with the preceding 50 conversions and with patients who underwent either OPCAB (n = 2737) or on-pump coronary surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting) (n = 268) during the same time frame. Results The emergency conversion rate was 2.27% (n = 100), being 2.97% for the first 50 cases and 1.77% for the subsequent 50 patients. The two sequential groups of emergency conversions had similar indications and timing of conversion and comparable outcomes. When compared with patients who underwent OPCAB, the more recent 50 conversions had higher mortality (P = 0.002) and more frequent sternal wound infection (P = 0.036), hemorrhage requiring reoperation (P = 0.003), respiratory failure (P < 0.0001), and all-cause sepsis (P = 0.001). Compared with the on-pump group, the more recent conversions had higher mortality (P = 0.055) and a greater rate of postoperative sepsis (P = 0.002). Conclusions The incidence of emergency conversion during OPCAB has decreased with increasing surgical experience; however, the morbidity in these patients remains essentially unchanged. The outcomes in these patients remain worse than those in nonconverted patients. Safer bailout strategies during OPCAB are still warranted.

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Liu, Fu-Hu, Ya-Hui Chen, Ya-Qin Gao, and Er-Qin Wang. "On Current Conversion between Particle Rapidity and Pseudorapidity Distributions in High Energy Collisions." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/710534.

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In high energy collisions, one usually needs to give a conversion between the particle rapidity and pseudorapidity distributions. Currently, two equivalent conversion formulas are used in experimental and theoretical analyses. An investigation in the present work shows that the two conversions are incomplete. Then, we give a revision on the current conversion between the particle rapidity and pseudorapidity distributions.

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Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., and M. S. M. Jetten. "Microbiological conversions in nitrogen removal." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0002.

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Nitrogen conversion processes are essential for most wastewater treatment systems. Due to the many possible conversions, and the complexity of analysing the reactions under actual conditions, there is much room for confusion. This review provides an overview of the possible microbiological nitrogen conversions described in literature. The relevance of these conversions with respect to wastewater treatment processes is discussed. Rates described for aerobic denitrification or denitrification by autotrophic nitrifiers are so low that these conversions probably do not play a significant role under practical conditions. Heterotrophic nitrification may be of relevance only when the wastewater contains a high COD/N ratio (>10). Anaerobic ammonium oxidation can occur in fully autotrophic systems with very long sludge retention times or biofilm systems. This conversion offers great opportunities since it allows us to denitrify with ammonium as electron donor, i.e. no organic substrate is needed in the nitrogen removal process.

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Azzouz, Rabah, Viviana Contreras Moreno, Clara Herasme-Grullon, Vincent Levacher, Lionel Estel, Alain Ledoux, Salim Derrouiche, Francis Marsais, and Laurent Bischoff. "Efficient Conversion of Epoxides into Carbonates with CO2 and a Single Organocatalyst: Laboratory and Kilogram-Scale Experiments." Synlett 31, no. 02 (December 9, 2019): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1691405.

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Cheap and readily available 2-aminopyridine and related compounds can be used as organocatalysts for the conversion of epoxides into cyclic carbonates. This reaction gives high conversions under solvent-free conditions and is amenable to a kilogram-scale conversion under mild conditions.

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Baxter, Matthew H. "Two Concepts of Conversion at Meenakshipuram." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 39, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-7586786.

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AbstractThe 1981 Dalit mass conversion to Islam at Meenakshipuram, Tamil Nadu, arguably began the Hindu Right's political rise. The conversion raises two different concepts for understanding mass conversion's relationship to democracy. Though it is commonly framed in terms of B. R. Ambedkar's thought, whereby conversion's core is an interior psychic process of changing principles to see the world differently, I suggest that Meenakshipuram's event may more appropriately be framed by E. V. Ramasami's [EVR] thought, whereby conversion's core is an exterior somatic process of changing appearances to be seen differently in the world. These concepts of conversion raise alternative engagements with issues of text, force, foreignness, time, and Marxism. The argument is prefaced by a discussion of freedom's typology (Berlin), subaltern representation (Spivak), and religious mass (Geertz/Asad), which I argue favors EVR's concept of conversion over Ambedkar's. Such issues are not unimportant in an age of rising right-wing populisms globally.

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Mahesan, Nishanthan, Sirazum M. Choudhury, M. Shamim Khan, Declan G. Murphy, and Prokar Dasgupta. "One hand is better than two: conversion from pure laparoscopic to the hand-assisted approach during difficult nephrectomy." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 3 (April 2011): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588411x563970.

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INTRODUCTION The incidence of conversion from a laparoscopic to an open approach during nephrectomy is reported at 6-8%. 1 Conversion to an open procedure may be necessary to control haemorrhage or allow progress in dissection but the well established benefits of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) are obviously lost. Hand-assisted laparoscopy (HAL) also offers the benefits to the patient of MIS. We have used HAL to convert from the pure laparoscopic approach during difficult nephrectomies, rather than converting to traditional open surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of our prospective database was carried out to identify any conversions from the pure laparoscopic approach during nephrectomy or nephroureterectomy for benign or malignant disease. RESULTS A total of 87 laparoscopic nephrectomies (LNs) were identified over a 3-year period. There were five conversions to the HAL approach (5.7%) and no conversions to open surgery. The reason for conversion was failure to progress in all five cases. Operative times averaged 190 minutes with blood loss of 180ml. Histology revealed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in four cases and renal cell carcinoma in one case. The median postoperative stay was 4 days. CONCLUSIONS Conversion to HAL during LN maintains the benefits of MIS in difficult nephrectomy and should be considered prior to converting to open surgery.

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ÇEZİKTÜRK, Özlem, and Ahmet Şükrü ÖZDEMİR. "Treatments and Conversions in Student Written Solutions to Wasan Geometry Problems." Acta Didactica Napocensia 14, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 110–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/adn.14.2.9.

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" Abstract: Cognitive difficulty arises from two types of cognitive processes: treatments; within the same, conversions; between different types of representational registers. Conversions are difficult since they ask for understanding of two representations. Direction and the choice of first register could be a threshold for the student. Wasan geometry is used as a thought provoker and pre service mathematics teachers’ written solutions to those problems for usage of cognitive processes: treatments and conversions are analyzed by content analysis method of qualitative research. Descriptive data regarding number of conversions and treatments are given. As much as correct / partially correct answers, the relation between cognitive processes and answers were analyzed. Students’ written answers to three Wasan geometry problems on tangent circles are qualitatively analyzed for specific examples of treatment processes and conversion processes. Neither problem type nor correct answer is a reason for the choice of representational registers. One treatment may be worth many conversions. More usage is related to students’ conformity. Direction of the conversion may be misleading. None of the students stays in mono-functional registers. Top and lowest grade students use more treatments and conversions. Usage of more conversions is not related to success and result in less number of treatments."

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Nagaraju, Ganesh, Shobu Odate, Anyong Xie, and Ralph Scully. "Differential Regulation of Short- and Long-Tract Gene Conversion between Sister Chromatids by Rad51C." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 21 (September 5, 2006): 8075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01235-06.

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ABSTRACT The Rad51 paralog Rad51C has been implicated in the control of homologous recombination. To study the role of Rad51C in vivo in mammalian cells, we analyzed short-tract and long-tract gene conversion between sister chromatids in hamster Rad51C −/− CL-V4B cells in response to a site-specific chromosomal double-strand break. Gene conversion was inefficient in these cells and was specifically restored by expression of wild-type Rad51C. Surprisingly, gene conversions in CL-V4B cells were biased in favor of long-tract gene conversion, in comparison to controls expressing wild-type Rad51C. These long-tract events were not associated with crossing over between sister chromatids. Analysis of gene conversion tract lengths in CL-V4B cells lacking Rad51C revealed a bimodal frequency distribution, with almost all gene conversions being either less than 1 kb or greater than 3.2 kb in length. These results indicate that Rad51C plays a pivotal role in determining the “choice” between short- and long-tract gene conversion and in suppressing gene amplifications associated with sister chromatid recombination.

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Al-Shammari, Rafea Jasim Hussein, and Sabah Noori Abdulraheem Al-Khazaali. "Incidence of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and its associated factors." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 9 (August 25, 2018): 2974. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20183405.

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Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has replaced open cholecystectomy as standard procedure for the treatment of Symptomatic cholelithiasis. Nonetheless, conversion from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open one is still required in many circumstances. The aim of this study was to determine the main causes of conversion to open in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: From 1st of January 2010 until the 1st of January 2011 one hundred and fifty patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy were prospectively followed at the time of surgery by obtaining a data for the patient’s age, sex, time from the introduction of laparoscopic ports till decision of conversion and the cause of conversion if present.Results: Put of the 150 laparoscopic cholecystectomy 9 conversions occurred (the percentage of conversion was 6%). The most common causes were: vascular injuries: 2 patients, empyema of the gall bladder: 2 patients, severe obesity: 1 patient, abnormal position of gall bladder: 1 patient, and dense adhesions and disturbed anatomy: 3 patients. Three patients of conversions are males from 25 male patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 6 cases are females from 125 female patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy so the percentage of conversion for male patients is 12% while for female patients is 4.8%.Conclusions: The overall conversion rate in this study was 6% and the most common cause for conversion is dense adhesions, followed by empyema of GB. and severe bleeding that need conversion, and the rate for conversion was higher in male patients.

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D’Souza, Julia, John Jacob, (Deceased), and Barbara Lougee. "Cash Balance Pension Plan Conversions: An Analysis Of Motivations And Pension Costs." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 29, no. 2 (February 13, 2013): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v29i2.7662.

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In recent years, many corporations have replaced their traditional defined benefit (DB) pension plans with cash balance (CB) plans, which share many of the characteristics of defined contribution plans. This study provides empirical evidence on the characteristics of CB converters and the behavior of pension costs and obligations pre- and post-conversion. We find that CB converters are larger than firms that retain traditional DB plans as well as those that terminate DB plans. They are less profitable than the former, but more profitable than the latter. CB conversions are not associated with proxies for greater labor mobility (e.g., firm-specific employee turnover rate). They are associated with a workforce that is closer to retirement, on average, lending credence to the breach of implicit contract rather than the labor market hypothesis as a motivator of CB conversions. Consistent with this intuition, we document that CB converters recognize a reduction of unrecognized prior service costs in the year of conversion, consistent with a negative plan amendment. Unlike pre-conversion, pension costs and obligations are significantly lower for CB firms post-conversion than for a matched sample of firms retaining traditional DB plans. CB conversions are more popular than DB plan terminations among firms with overfunded pension plans in periods when expected return on plan assets is likely to be high, with a consequent positive effect on reported income.

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Trisunaryanti, Wega, Triyono Triyono, Mudasir Mudasir, and Akhmad Syoufian. "MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF CATALYST CHARACTERS SUPPORTED ON γ-Al₂O₃ TOWARDS THEIR HYDROCRACKING CONVERSION OF ASPHALTENE." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 4, no. 1 (June 9, 2010): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21868.

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Multiple regression study of the influence of catalyst's characters with γ-Al2O3 as a support, including acidity, specific area, average pore volume, average pore radius, Ni content, and Mo content the hydrocracking conversion of asphaltene has been conducted. A multivariable regression analysis method, including regression analysis and correlation analysis, was applied on this study. Using multivariable regression, the characters of catalyst was correlated together with the data of the asphaltene conversions. Furthermore, using this method, the characters of catalyst, which have the greatest influence on conversion, may be evaluated. The results showed that there was a high correlation between catalyst characters and hydrocracking conversion of asphalten (r = 0.983). It means that the conversion was 98.3% correlated with the catalyst characters. The value of the multivariable determination coefficient was 0.966, indicating that at least 96.6% variation on the conversions was determined by combination of catalyst characters on this research. From the parameter value of regression equation, it could also be known that average pore radius and specific surface area were the two characters that have the greatest influence on the hydrocracking conversion of asphalten. Keywords: multivariable regression, catalyst's characters, high correlation degree, determination coefficient

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Ngo, Tam T. T. "Protestant conversion and social conflict: The case of the Hmong in contemporary Vietnam." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 46, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 274–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463415000089.

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This article analyses the social implications of the recent mass conversions to Protestantism by one-third of the one million Hmong in Vietnam. The conversions have been condemned by the Vietnamese state, while being understood by international human rights activists as acts of conscience on the part of the Hmong converts. This article focuses on the internal debate and divisions surrounding conversion among the Hmong themselves. The converts believe that Protestantism is the only way to alter the ethnic group's marginal status in Vietnam while the unconverted Hmong see conversion as a betrayal of Hmong ethnicity. Such conflicting views have been causing deep fractures in Hmong society.

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Sullivan, Meghan. "Public Conversion, Private Reason, and Institutional Crisis." Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association 92 (2018): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acpaproc201892100.

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Following the 2018 Pennsylvania grand jury report, which detailed the sexual abuse of clergy members, many have questioned the value of personal institutional commitment to the Catholic Church, preferring instead more individualistic expressions of faith. Alongside the sex abuse crisis, the age of free information makes the Church’s epistemology appear antiquated. This article explores the individualistic versus community-based practice of Catholicism, drawing a distinction between private conversion versus public conversion. The article offers a defense of public conversion, arguing it explains the rationality of conversion and offers a solution to the problem of divine hiddenness. Using details from her own faith journey, Sullivan explores why God graces us with less perspicuous knowledge, causing subluminous conversions, as opposed to the more glaring, which leads to luminous conversions. Sullivan suggests that we obtain knowledge of God by loving one another, which takes place in the framework of the institutional Church. She subsequently uses this Church-making theodicy to offer five ideas about how we might engage the Church institutionally as Catholic philosophers.

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Burkardt, Albrecht. "Adriano Prosperi, Eresie e devozioni. La religiosità italiana in età moderna. I, Eresie. II, Inquisitori, ebrei e streghe, III, Devozioni e conversioni Rome, Éd.zioni di Storia e Letteratura, 2010, 3 vol., 280, 350 et 491p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 66, no. 3 (September 2011): 908–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900011471.

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Cao, Cong Jun, and Qiang Jun Liu. "Study on Color Space Conversion Based on RBF Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.28.

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The conversions of color spaces are core techniques of modern ICC color management and the study of color space conversion algorithm between L*a*b* and CMYK is valuable both in theory and in application. In this paper, firstly ECI2002 standard color target data are uniformly selected, including modeling data and testing data; secondly the models of color space conversions from CMYK to L*a*b* and from L*a*b* to CMYK are built based on Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network; finally the precision of the models are evaluated. This research indicates that the RBF neural network is suitable for the color space conversions between CMYK and L*a*b*. The models’ building processes are simpler and more convenient; the network has fast training speed and good results. With the improvement of the modeling method, this method for color space conversion will have a broader application.

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Sloan, Frank A., Jan Ostermann, and Christopher J. Conover. "Antecedents of Hospital Ownership Conversions, Mergers, and Closures." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 40, no. 1 (February 2003): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_40.1.39.

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This study assesses the determinants of conversions in hospital ownership from 1986 through 1996. To place such changes in context, we also analyze causes of hospital mergers and closures, which are often alternatives to hospital ownership conversion. A consistent result from our analysis is that an important antecedent of ownership conversions is a low profit margin. Conversions from private nonprofit or government ownership to for-profit status are preceded by chronically low margins and high debt-to-asset ratios. By contrast, conversions from for-profit ownership occur quickly following declines in margins. Many mergers seem motivated by a desire to increase market power—a consideration not evident for conversions.

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Long, Richard, Karen Bochar, Sylvia Chomyc, James Talbot, James Barrie, Dennis Kunimoto, and Peter Tilley. "Relative Versus Absolute Noncontagiousness of Respiratory Tuberculosis on Treatment." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 24, no. 11 (November 2003): 831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502145.

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AbstractObjective:To assess the validity of current estimates of the noncontagiousness of sputum smear-positive respiratory tuberculosis (TB) on treatment.Design:A descriptive analysis of the mycobacteriologic response to treatment.Setting:A TB inpatient unit of a Canadian hospital.Patients:Thirty-two HIV-seronegative patients with moderate to advanced sputum smear-positive respiratory TB were treated with uninterrupted, directly observed, weight-adjusted isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. Each patient's initial isolate was drug susceptible and each patient's sputum mycobacteriology was systematically followed until 3 consecutive sputum smears were negative on 3 separate days.Results:The time to smear conversion varied remarkably (range, 8 to 115 days; average, 46 days) and was influenced by sputum sampling frequency. Only 3 patients (9.4%) had smear conversions by 14 days and only 8 (25%) had smear conversions by 21 days, the average time it took for drug susceptibility test results to become available. During the first 21 days of treatment, the semiquantitative sputum smear score decreased rapidly and the time to detection of positive cultures doubled. Within the time to smear conversion, virtually all smear-positive specimens (98%) were culture positive and only 34% of the patients had culture conversions (ie, 3 consecutive negative cultures).Conclusion:Current estimates of the noncontagiousness of sputum smear-positive respiratory TB on treatment (for 14 days, for 21 days, or until smear conversion) are estimates of relative noncontagiousness. They do not signal absolute noncontagiousness (culture conversion). Semiquantitative smear and time-to-detection data suggest that respiratory isolation beyond 21 days of optimal treatment should be selective.

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Nickoloff, Jac A., Douglas B. Sweetser, Jennifer A. Clikeman, Guru Jot Khalsa, and Sarah L. Wheeler. "Multiple Heterologies Increase Mitotic Double-Strand Break-Induced Allelic Gene Conversion Tract Lengths in Yeast." Genetics 153, no. 2 (October 1, 1999): 665–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.2.665.

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Abstract Spontaneous and double-strand break (DSB)-induced allelic recombination in yeast was investigated in crosses between ura3 heteroalleles inactivated by an HO site and a +1 frameshift mutation, with flanking markers defining a 3.4-kbp interval. In some crosses, nine additional phenotypically silent RFLP mutations were present at ∼100-bp intervals. Increasing heterology from 0.2 to 1% in this interval reduced spontaneous, but not DSB-induced, recombination. For DSB-induced events, 75% were continuous tract gene conversions without a crossover in this interval; discontinuous tracts and conversions associated with a crossover each comprised ∼7% of events, and 10% also converted markers in unbroken alleles. Loss of heterozygosity was seen for all markers centromere distal to the HO site in 50% of products; such loss could reflect gene conversion, break-induced replication, chromosome loss, or G2 crossovers. Using telomere-marked strains we determined that nearly all allelic DSB repair occurs by gene conversion. We further show that most allelic conversion results from mismatch repair of heteroduplex DNA. Interestingly, markers shared between the sparsely and densely marked interval converted at higher rates in the densely marked interval. Thus, the extra markers increased gene conversion tract lengths, which may reflect mismatch repair-induced recombination, or a shift from restoration- to conversion-type repair.

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Drahoš, Peter, Michal Kocúr, Oto Haffner, Erik Kučera, and Alena Kozáková. "RISC Conversions for LNS Arithmetic in Embedded Systems." Mathematics 8, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081208.

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The paper presents an original methodology for the implementation of the Logarithmic Number System (LNS) arithmetic, which uses Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC). The core of the proposed method is a newly developed algorithm for conversion between LNS and the floating point (FLP) representations named “looping in sectors”, which brings about reduced memory consumption without a loss of accuracy. The resulting effective RISC conversions use only elementary computer operations without the need to employ multiplication, division, or other functions. Verification of the new concept and related developed algorithms for conversion between the LNS and the FLP representations was realized on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), and the conversion accuracy was evaluated via simulation. Using the proposed method, a maximum relative conversion error of less than ±0.001% was achieved with a 22-ns delay and a total of 50 slices of FPGA consumed including memory cells. Promising applications of the proposed method are in embedded systems that are expanding into increasingly demanding applications, such as camera systems, lidars and 2D/3D image processing, neural networks, car control units, autonomous control systems that require more computing power, etc. In embedded systems for real-time control, the developed conversion algorithm can appear in two forms: as RISC conversions or as a simple RISC-based logarithmic addition.

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Kupiec, M., and T. D. Petes. "Meiotic recombination between repeated transposable elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 7 (July 1988): 2942–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.7.2942-2954.1988.

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We have measured the frequency of meiotic recombination between marked Ty elements in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. These recombination events were usually nonreciprocal (gene conversions) and sometimes involved nonhomologous chromosomes. The frequency of ectopic gene conversion among Ty elements appeared lower than expected on the basis of previous studies of recombination between artificially constructed repeats. The conversion events involved either a subset of the total Ty elements in the genome or the conversion tract was restricted to a small region of the Ty element. In addition, the observed conversion events were very infrequently associated with reciprocal exchange.

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Kupiec, M., and T. D. Petes. "Meiotic recombination between repeated transposable elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 7 (July 1988): 2942–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.7.2942.

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We have measured the frequency of meiotic recombination between marked Ty elements in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. These recombination events were usually nonreciprocal (gene conversions) and sometimes involved nonhomologous chromosomes. The frequency of ectopic gene conversion among Ty elements appeared lower than expected on the basis of previous studies of recombination between artificially constructed repeats. The conversion events involved either a subset of the total Ty elements in the genome or the conversion tract was restricted to a small region of the Ty element. In addition, the observed conversion events were very infrequently associated with reciprocal exchange.

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Omer, Thomas C., George A. Plesko, and Marjorie K. Shelley. "The Influence of Tax Costs on Organizational Choice in the Natural Resource Industry." Journal of the American Taxation Association 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2000.22.1.38.

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This study investigates the influence of TRA86, pre-TRA86 tax strategies, and firm characteristics on S conversions in the natural resource industry. TRA86 shifted substantial individual tax costs to corporations, inviting conversions, but also lowered corporate marginal tax rates and changed aspects of the built-in gain provision to reduce conversion benefits. Built-in gain changes affect industries differently because of differences in asset composition and economic conditions. The natural resource industry had substantial built-in gain potential and was consolidating and restructuring during the mid-80s, making built-in gain realization likely. Our results suggest that built-in gains negatively influenced conversions in the natural resource industry. This study enhances our understanding of the interaction between TRA86 rate changes and other provisions on incentives to convert from C to S corporate status. It also contributes to the organizational form literature by identifying factors related to TRA86, S corporation operating restrictions, firm characteristics, and tax strategies that influence conversion decisions.

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Umar, Bridget Bwalya, and Diana Banda. "Challenges and Opportunities for Rural Men and Women in Land Conversion Processes in Central Zambia." University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.5.4.591.

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Zambia’s Lands Act of 1996 provides for the conversion of land rights from customary to leasehold tenure by both Zambian citizens and non-Zambians. This study reports on land conversion processes engaged by rural men and women of Chongwe and Chibombo districts in central Zambia. Data was collected through 85 structured interviews with male and female residents in the two study areas and several key informants. Results show that 75% and 58% of the men and women interviewed had obtained customary land from their village head persons, and 31% and 42% had engaged in land conversion processes. Land conversions have resulted in increased employment opportunities for men; and tenure security for unmarried and widowed women. Ambivalence towards the loss of power by chiefs over subjects with titled land and paying property taxes to the state was evident in both men and women residents in the midst of more secure land tenure rights for their families. Retaining traditional leaders’ authority in the land conversion process perpetuates discriminatory practices against women and privileges village head persons and men while disadvantaging women. Land conversions are engendering changes in matrilineal inheritance patterns more favourable to landowners’ children.

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Hamilton, Alastair. "Pietro Ioly Zorattini, I nomi degli altri. Conversioni a Venezia e nel Friuli Veneto in età moderna [Biblioteca dell’“Archivum Romanicum” Serie 1: Storia, Letteratura, Paleografia 348]. Olschki, Florence 2008, xx + 385 pp. ISBN 9788822257826. €42." Church History and Religious Culture 91, no. 3-4 (2011): 450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712411-1x609540.

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Zhang, Wanwan, Shengyuan Luo, Daya Yang, Yongshu Zhang, Jinli Liao, Liwen Gu, Wankun Li, Zhihao Liu, Yan Xiong, and Ahamed Idris. "Conversion from Nonshockable to Shockable Rhythms and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcomes by Initial Heart Rhythm and Rhythm Conversion Time." Cardiology Research and Practice 2020 (March 28, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3786408.

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Background. The conversion from a nonshockable rhythm (asystole or pulseless electrical activity (PEA)) to a shockable rhythm (pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation) may be associated with better out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes. There are insufficient data on the prognostic significance of such conversions by initial heart rhythm and different rhythm conversion time. Methods. Among 24,849 adult OHCA patients of presumed cardiac etiology with initial asystole or PEA in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Cardiac Epidemiologic Registry (version 3, 2011–2015), we examined the association of shockable rhythm conversion with prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival, and favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤3) at hospital discharge by initial rhythm and rhythm conversion time (time from cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiation by emergency medical providers to first shock delivery), using logistic regression adjusting for key clinical characteristics. Results. Of 16,516 patients with initial asystole and 8,333 patients with initial PEA, 16% and 20% underwent shockable rhythm conversions; the median rhythm conversion time was 12.0 (IQR: 6.7–18.7) and 13.2 (IQR: 7.0–20.5) min, respectively. No difference was found in odds of prehospital ROSC across rhythm conversion time, regardless of initial heart rhythm. Shockable rhythm conversion was associated with survival and favorable functional outcome at hospital discharge only when occurred during the first 15 min of CPR, for those with initial asystole, or the first 10 min of CPR, for those with initial PEA. The associations between shockable rhythm conversion and outcomes were stronger among those with initial asystole compared with those with initial PEA. Conclusions. The conversion from a nonshockable rhythm to a shockable rhythm was associated with better outcomes only when occurred early in initial nonshockable rhythm OHCA, and it has greater prognostic significance when the initial rhythm was asystole.

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Ngong, David. "Contesting Conversions in African Christian Theology: Engaging the Political Theology of Emmanuel Katongole." Mission Studies 36, no. 3 (October 9, 2019): 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341675.

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Abstract This article argues that Emmanuel Katongole’s theology focuses on contesting conversions in African Christianity. To him, conversions that have so far taken place in much of African Christianity, especially those informed by the theology of inculturation, have not adequately emphasized the formation of critical Christian social imagination that would challenge the violent politics of the postcolonial nation-state in Africa. The article engages Katongole’s theology by showing how his understanding of conversion aligns him with a form of African Christianity which he criticizes – the neo-Pentecostal and Charismatic variety of African Christianity. It critiques Katongole’s proposal by suggesting that the social and political transformation he seeks may be enhanced by forms of conversion rooted in the theology of inculturation which he minimizes.

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Sweetser, D. B., H. Hough, J. F. Whelden, M. Arbuckle, and J. A. Nickoloff. "Fine-resolution mapping of spontaneous and double-strand break-induced gene conversion tracts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals reversible mitotic conversion polarity." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 6 (June 1994): 3863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.6.3863-3875.1994.

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Spontaneous and double-strand break (DSB)-induced gene conversion was examined in alleles of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ura3 gene containing nine phenotypically silent markers and an HO nuclease recognition site. Conversions of these alleles, carried on ARS1/CEN4 plasmids, involved interactions with heteroalleles on chromosome V and were stimulated by DSBs created at HO sites. Crossovers that integrate plasmids into chromosomes were not detected since the resultant dicentric chromosomes would be lethal. Converted alleles in shuttle plasmids were easily transferred to Escherichia coli and analyzed for marker conversion, facilitating the characterization of more than 400 independent products from five crosses. This analysis revealed several new features of gene conversions. The average length of DSB-induced conversion tracts was 200 to 300 bp, although about 20% were very short (less than 53 bp). About 20% of spontaneous tracts also were also less than 53 bp, but spontaneous tracts were on average about 40% longer than DSB-induced tracts. Most tracts were continuous, but 3% had discontinuous conversion patterns, indicating that extensive heteroduplex DNA is formed during at least this fraction of events. Mismatches in heteroduplex DNA were repaired in both directions, and repair tracts as short as 44 bp were observed. Surprisingly, most DSB-induced gene conversion tracts were unidirectional and exhibited a reversible polarity that depended on the locations of DSBs and frameshift mutations in recipient and donor alleles.

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Sweetser, D. B., H. Hough, J. F. Whelden, M. Arbuckle, and J. A. Nickoloff. "Fine-resolution mapping of spontaneous and double-strand break-induced gene conversion tracts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals reversible mitotic conversion polarity." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 6 (June 1994): 3863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.6.3863.

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Spontaneous and double-strand break (DSB)-induced gene conversion was examined in alleles of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ura3 gene containing nine phenotypically silent markers and an HO nuclease recognition site. Conversions of these alleles, carried on ARS1/CEN4 plasmids, involved interactions with heteroalleles on chromosome V and were stimulated by DSBs created at HO sites. Crossovers that integrate plasmids into chromosomes were not detected since the resultant dicentric chromosomes would be lethal. Converted alleles in shuttle plasmids were easily transferred to Escherichia coli and analyzed for marker conversion, facilitating the characterization of more than 400 independent products from five crosses. This analysis revealed several new features of gene conversions. The average length of DSB-induced conversion tracts was 200 to 300 bp, although about 20% were very short (less than 53 bp). About 20% of spontaneous tracts also were also less than 53 bp, but spontaneous tracts were on average about 40% longer than DSB-induced tracts. Most tracts were continuous, but 3% had discontinuous conversion patterns, indicating that extensive heteroduplex DNA is formed during at least this fraction of events. Mismatches in heteroduplex DNA were repaired in both directions, and repair tracts as short as 44 bp were observed. Surprisingly, most DSB-induced gene conversion tracts were unidirectional and exhibited a reversible polarity that depended on the locations of DSBs and frameshift mutations in recipient and donor alleles.

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Sadiku, Matthew N. O., Adedamola Omotoso, and Sarhan M. Musa Adebowale E. Shadare. "Power Conversion Interface." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-4 (June 30, 2018): 2701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd15710.

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Chen, Jing, Meng-Yao Chao, Yan Liu, Bo-Wei Xu, Wen-Hua Zhang, and David J. Young. "An N,N′-diethylformamide solvent-induced conversion cascade within a metal–organic framework single crystal." Chemical Communications 56, no. 44 (2020): 5877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc02420a.

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A two-dimensional metal–organic framework undergoes four-step single-crystal to single-crystals conversions, including a three-step DEF-induced cascade conversion to shuttle back to its original connectivity.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Conversioni'

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