Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conversion of fatty acids

Academic literature on the topic 'Conversion of fatty acids'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Schäfer, Hans J. "Electrochemical conversion of fatty acids." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 114, no. 1 (October 11, 2011): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201100045.

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aus dem Kahmen, Martin, and Hans J. Schäfer. "Conversion of unsaturated fatty acids - cycloadditions with unsaturated fatty acids [1]." Lipid - Fett 100, no. 6 (June 1998): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4133(199806)100:6<227::aid-lipi227>3.0.co;2-1.

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Tanaka, Tamotsu, Sachika Uozumi, Katsuya Morito, Takashi Osumi, and Akira Tokumura. "Metabolic Conversion of C20 Polymethylene-Interrupted Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to Essential Fatty Acids." Lipids 49, no. 5 (March 25, 2014): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-014-3896-5.

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LALI, Subhash Chand, Toshihiro YOKOCHI, and Toro NAKAHARA. "Conversion of 18-carbon Fatty Acids to Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Some Thraustochytrids." Journal of Oleo Science 50, no. 6 (2001): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.50.515.

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Citoler, Joan, Sasha R. Derrington, James L. Galman, Han Bevinakatti, and Nicholas J. Turner. "A biocatalytic cascade for the conversion of fatty acids to fatty amines." Green Chemistry 21, no. 18 (2019): 4932–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc02260k.

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Citoler, Joan, Sasha R. Derrington, James L. Galman, Han Bevinakatti, and Nicholas J. Turner. "Correction: A biocatalytic cascade for the conversion of fatty acids to fatty amines." Green Chemistry 21, no. 22 (2019): 6222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc90096a.

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Gruiec, Régine, Nicolas Noiret, and Henri Patin. "Useful direct conversion of tetrahydropyranyl ethers of fatty alcohols into fatty acids." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 72, no. 9 (September 1995): 1083–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02660728.

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Koritala, S., and M. O. Bagby. "Microbial conversion of linoleic and linolenic acids to unsaturated hydroxy fatty acids." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 69, no. 6 (June 1992): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02636111.

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Chakraborty, P., W. Gibbons, and K. Muthukumarappan. "Conversion of volatile fatty acids into polyhydroxyalkanoate byRalstonia eutropha." Journal of Applied Microbiology 106, no. 6 (June 2009): 1996–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04158.x.

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Kuo, Tsung Min, Lawrence K. Nakamura, and Alan C. Lanser. "Conversion of Fatty Acids by Bacillus sphaericus -Like Organisms." Current Microbiology 45, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-002-3748-z.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Hussein, Nahed Mohamed. "Nutritional studies of long chain conversion of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844191/.

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Growing evidence suggests that dietary n-3 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid; EPA and docosahexaenoic acid; DHA) reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke, alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LNA) is the natural precursor of EPA and DHA and is an abundant and accessible source of dietary n-3 PUFA that can be further elongated and unsaturated in vivo. The overall aim of the project is to examine the conversion of alpha-LNA to its long chain metabolite, most importantly DHA. This aim was accomplished by a combination of a human dietary intervention study to assess accumulation of EPA and DHA from dietary alpha-LNA, and 13C-tracer studies of alpha-LNA & linoleic acid (LA) conversion to their long-chain metabolites. The dietary intervention trial was a 12-week parallel design in men expressing an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, a common source of lipid-mediated coronary heart disease risk. Diets were enriched with 18 g of alpha-LNA as flaxseed oil (n=21), with a high LA oil (n=17), or with fish-oil (6g/d n=19) as a positive control group. Thus the intention was to provide an increased intake of alpha-LNA with a low ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFA (1:1 or less), minimizing competition between alpha-LNA and the abundant LA and, in theory, increasing the conversion of alpha-LNA to LC n-3 PUFA. The results from the dietary intervention indicate that, dietary alpha-LNA as flaxseed oil can increase n-3 membrane fatty acid contents, through a 3-fold increase in alpha-LNA (p <0.001)) and 2.5 fold increase in EPA (p<0.001) at week-12, decreasing in n-6:n-3 ratio (p =0.001), but not changing DHA level. In contrast the fish oil diet increased both EPA and DHA. Dietary alpha-LNA had 7% of the efficacy of preformed EPA from fish oil to increase membrane EPA levels. Subjects on the 13C tracer study were a sub-group of the intervention study, studied after 12-weeks on the high alpha-LNA (n=6) or high n-6 (n=5) diets. Subjects were given an oral mixture of 400 mg each of uniformly 13C labelled alpha-LNA and LA in a milk shake after an overnight fast. 13C enrichment was measured in fatty acids isolated from plasma at 1,2,3,7,10 and 14 days after the dose. Of the dose appearing in the plasma 35-45% was converted to EPA with no dietary effects. Some conversion to DHA did occur especially in the high n-6 group (3.9% of dose) compared with the flaxseed-oil group (mean value 0.8% of the dose; p < 0.05). In the single subject studied on the fish-oil diet there was a much lower conversion rate compared to the flaxseed-oil diet. The variability between subjects for percent conversion to DHA ranged from zero to 6.2% of the dose appearing in plasma. Taken together these results clearly establish the effectiveness of dietary alpha-LNA as a method of increasing the concentration of EPA, but not DHA, in membrane phospholipids, with up to 7% of the efficacy of preformed EPA. The increase in the EPA: AA ratio (eicosapentanoic: arachidonic acid) in membrane phospholipids with dietary alpha-LNA is likely to reduce the overall inflammatory environment with beneficial effects for long-term health.
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Portolesi, Roxanne, and roxanne portolesi@flinders edu au. "Fatty acid metabolism in HepG2 cells: Limitations in the accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid in cell membranes." Flinders University. Medicine, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070802.103146.

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The current dietary recommendations for optimal health are designed to increase our intake of two bioactive omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), abundant naturally in fatty fish such as salmon. Health authorities recommend that the general population consume two to three fatty fish meals per week (1) for optimal health and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, some modern Western societies consume only modest amounts of fish and seafood (2;3). Land based vegetable oils may provide an alternative to meet these needs. Linseed and canola oils are rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) (4). ALA can be converted endogenously to EPA and DHA and suggests that increasing the dietary intake of ALA may increase the conversion and accumulation of DHA in tissues and plasma. However, elevated dietary intakes of ALA in animals and humans results in an increased level of EPA in tissues yet there is little or no change in the level of DHA (5-7). The current consensus is that the synthesis of DHA from ALA in humans is limited yet the mechanisms involved in regulating the accumulation of DHA in tissues are poorly understood. The reputed rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of fatty acids is delta 6 desaturase (D6D). ALA is a substrate for D6D and undergoes a series of desaturation and elongation reactions to yield n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA). The final step in the synthesis of DHA from ALA involves translocation of its immediate fatty acid precursor, 24:6n-3 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the peroxisome to be partially beta-oxidised to yield DHA. The involvement of multiple enzymes in the desaturation-elongation pathway, and the integration of other pathways, such as phospholipid biosynthesis, suggests there are various steps that may regulate the accumulation of DHA in cell membranes. This thesis aimed to examine the possible regulatory steps in the conversion of fatty acids to LCPUFA, particularly in the synthesis of DHA from n-3 fatty acid precursors. The human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, was used as an in vitro cell system to examine the accumulation of individual fatty acids and their metabolites in isolation from other competing fatty acid substrates. The accumulation of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and ALA in HepG2 cell phospholipids following supplementation with increasing concentrations of each respective fatty acid correlated with that described in vivo, as was the accumulation of their conversion products. The accumulation of DHA in cells supplemented with ALA reached a plateau at concentrations above 5 micro g/ml and paralleled the accumulation of 24:6n-3 in cell phospholipids, suggesting that the delta 6 desaturation of 24:6n-3 was prevented by increasing concentrations of ALA, thereby limiting the accumulation of DHA. The accumulation of DHA in cells supplemented with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) or docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-3) was significantly greater than the level of DHA that accumulated in cells supplemented with ALA. However, regardless of substrate, the level of DHA in cell membranes reached a plateau at substrate concentrations above 5 micro g/ml. This thesis further aimed to examine the effect of fatty acid supplementation on the mRNA expression of D6D in HepG2 cells. The expression and activity of D6D mRNA is subject to nutritional and hormonal regulation. The mRNA expression of D6D in HepG2 cells following supplementation with oleic acid (OA, 18:1n-9), LA, ALA, arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) or EPA was examined by real time RT PCR. The expression of D6D mRNA was reduced by up to 50% in cells supplemented with OA, LA, ALA , AA or EPA compared with control cells and suggests that fatty acids modulate the expression of the key enzyme involved in the conversion of fatty acids. The effect of fatty acid co-supplementation on the fatty acid composition of HepG2 cell phospholipids was also examined in an attempt to gain insights into the role of D6D and the enzymes involved in peroxisomal beta-oxidation on the accumulation of DHA from n-3 fatty acid precursors. The reduction in the accumulation of DHA in cells co-supplemented with DPA and docosatetraenoic acid (DTA, 22:4n-6) was greater than in cells co-supplemented with DPA and LA, suggesting that peroxisomal beta-oxidation may have a greater role in determining the accumulation of DHA from DPA than the activity of D6D. Further investigation should be directed towards understanding the role that peroxisomal beta-oxidation may play in the synthesis of DHA from precursor fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of cell membranes in vivo is a result of several physiological processes including dietary intake, phospholipids biosynthesis and fatty acid conversion as well as catabolic processes. This thesis demonstrates that a greater understanding of the regulation of the conversion of fatty acids will help to define dietary approaches that enhance the synthesis of n-3 LCPUFA from n-3 fatty acid precursors to lead to improved outcomes for health.
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Pietrzyk, Julian Darius. "Use of microbial consortia for conversion of biomass pyrolysis liquids into value-added products." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31562.

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Lignocellulosic biomasses are considered promising feedstocks for the next generation of biofuels and chemicals; however, the recalcitrance of lignocellulose remains a barrier to its utilisation over conventional sources. Pyrolysis is the heating of biomass to several hundred degrees Celsius in the absence of oxygen, which can thermally depolymerise lignocellulose. Products of pyrolysis are a solid biochar, liquid bio-oil and syngas. Biochar has roles in both carbon sequestration and soil amendment however bio-oil has no defined use, despite a high concentration of fermentable sugars. Bio-oil is a complex organic microemulsion with a host of biocatalyst inhibitors that makes its microbial degradation a challenge. In this work, the use of aerobic cultures using microbial communities isolated from natural environments saw limited potential; however, the use of anaerobic digestion (AD) successfully generated a higher volume of biogas from reactors with bio-oil than controls. Biogas yield test reactors were set up with anaerobic digestate from a wastewater treatment plant as the substrate for degradation and conversion of bio-oils. Next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing was utilised to characterise the communities in the reactors while the ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry technique of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) was used for characterisation of the chemical changes occurring during AD. Both sets of high-resolution data were additionally combined for multivariate analysis and modelling of the microbial genera that correlated best with the changes in digestate chemistry. This represents a novel analysis method for the microbial degradation of complex organic products. Bio-oil from common lignocellulosic feedstock was the most easily degradable by the AD communities, with significant inhibition observed when bio-oils from anaerobic digestate and macroalgae were used. Additionally it was found that the inclusion of biochars that were pre-incubated in anaerobic digestate prior to use in AD were capable of significantly reducing the lag time observed for biogas production in bio-oil-supplemented reactors. The addition of biochars that were not pre-incubated had no effect on biogas production. Specific inhibition of methanogenesis was also capable of causing the digestates to accumulate volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as a product of greater value than biogas. Scale-up experiments will be required to confirm the precise practicalities of the addition of bio-oil to AD as well as to establish the potential for isolation and purification of VFAs.
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Santos, Dantas Tatiane Regina dos [Verfasser], and Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Schröder. "Electroorganic Synthesis for the Conversion of Fatty Acids and Levulinic Acid into Chemicals and Alternative Fuels / Tatiane Regina dos Santos Dantas ; Betreuer: Uwe Schröder." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1175817562/34.

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Facchin, Andrea. "New path for thermochemical-biological conversion with a power-to-material approach." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23117/.

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I sistemi termochimico-biologici si basano su due proprietà: la capacità dei processi termochimici di dissociare le macromolecole della biomassa producendo composti a basso peso molecolare, e l’abilità dei batteri di convertire substrati anche complessi in sostanze chimiche di valore. Questa tesi ha sviluppato un nuovo approccio metodologico per approfondire la possibilità di un accoppiamento diretto tra pirolisi e digestione anaerobica, allo scopo di produrre acidi grassi volatili (VFA), sinergicamente con l’utilizzo di idrogeno come fonte rinnovabile per aumentare il valore del prodotto finale. In primo luogo, è stata fatta un'ampia caratterizzazione del rendimento di COD e della composizione chimica dei prodotti di pirolisi che ha rivelato come più del 50% del COD della biomassa di partenza sia convogliato in sostanze chimiche biodisponibili. In secondo luogo, sono stati sviluppati tre reattori anaerobici a gocciolamento con diversi materiali di riempimento, incluso il biochar. I prodotti di pirolisi sono stati successivamente fermentati con e senza idrogeno, per valutarne, in via preliminare, la possibile conversione in VFA. I risultati suggeriscono che il biochar ha agito come promotore per la biotrasformazione dei prodotti di pirolisi in VFA, producendo una conversione del 35% rispetto al COD in input, mentre l'idrogeno ha dimostrato la capacità di stabilizzare le rese di VFA a catena lunga.
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Chen, Xi. "Functional food-related bioactive compounds: effect of sorghum phenolics on cancer cells in vivo and conversion of short- to long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in duck liver in vivo." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38244.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Human Nutrition
Weiqun Wang
Many functional food related bioactive compounds have been discovered and draw the attention of scientists. This dissertation focused on sorghum phenolic compounds and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Study 1: phenolic agents in plant foods have been associated with chronic disease prevention, especially cancer. However, a direct evidence and the underlying mechanisms are mostly unknown. This study selected 13 sorghum accessions and was aim to investigate: (1) the effect of extracted sorghum phenolics on inhibiting cancer cell growth using hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell lines; (2) and the underlying mechanisms regarding cytotoxicity, cell cycle interruption, and apoptosis induction. Treatment of HepG2 and Caco-2 cells with the extracted phenolics at 0-200 M GAE (Gallic acid equivalent) up to 72 hrs resulted in a dose- and time-dependent reduction in cell number. The underlying mechanism of cell growth inhibition was examined by flow cytometry, significant inverse correlations were observed between the decreased cell number and increased cell cycle arrest at G2/M or induced apoptosis cells in both HepG2 and Caco-2 cells. The cytotoxic assay showed that the sorghum phenolic extracts were non-toxic. Although it was less sensitive, a similar inhibitory impact and underlying mechanisms were found in Caco-2 cells. These results indicated for the 1st time that a direct inhibition of either HepG2 or Caco-2 cell growth by phenolic extracts from13 selected sorghum accessions was due to cytostatic and apoptotic but not cytotoxic mechanisms. In addition, these findings suggested that sorghum be a valuable functional food by providing sustainable phenolics for potential cancer prevention. Study 2: omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) especially long-chain ω-3 PUFAs, have been associated with potential health benefits in chronic disease prevention. However, the conversion rate from short- to long-chain ω-3 PUFAs is limited in human body. This study was aim to assess the modification of fatty acid profiles as well as investigate the conversion of short- to long-chain ω-3 PUFAs in the liver of Shan Partridge duck after feeding various dietary fats. The experimental diets substituted the basal diet by 2% of flaxseed oil, rapeseed oil, beef tallow, or fish oil, respectively. As expected, the total ω-3 fatty acids and the ratio of total ω-3/ ω-6 significantly increased in both flaxseed and fish oil groups when compared with the control diet. No significant change of total saturated fatty acids or ω-3 fatty acids was found in both rapeseed and beef tallow groups. Short-chain ω-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed oil-fed group was efficiently converted to long-chain ω-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the duck liver. This study showed the fatty acid profiling in the duck liver after various dietary fat consumption, provided insight into a dose response change of ω-3 fatty acids, indicated an efficient conversion of short- to long-chain ω-3 fatty acid, and suggested alternative long-chain ω-3 fatty acid-enriched duck products for human health benefits. In conclusion, the two studies in this dissertation provided a fundamental understanding of anti-cancer activity by sorghum phenolic extracts and the conversion of short- to long-chain ω-3 PUFAs in duck liver, contribute to a long term goal of promoting sorghum and duck as sustainable phenolic and ω-3 PUFAs sources as well as healthy food products for human beings.
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Ghandour, Rayane. "Effet des acides gras polyinsaturés sur la conversion des adipocytes blancs en adipocytes brites." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4010/document.

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Il existe deux populations d’adipocytes thermogéniques, les adipocytes bruns du tissu adipeux bruns et les adipocytes ‘’brites’’ qui apparaissent au sein du tissu adipeux blanc. Récemment, la caractérisation d’adipocytes bruns et brites fonctionnels chez l’homme adulte a permis d’envisager de nouvelles approches nutritionnelles et thérapeutiques pour traiter l’obésité. Mon projet de thèse a porté sur l’étude des effets des acides gras polyinsaturés ω6 et ω3 d’origine alimentaire sur la conversion des adipocytes blancs en brites, d’abord chez l’homme in vitro puis chez les rongeurs in vivo. Nous avons pu ainsi démontrer que l'acide arachidonique ω6 à l’origine de nombreux métabolites oxygénés, exerce 1) un effet inhibiteur sur la formation des adipocytes brites grâce aux prostaglandines E2 et F2α, et 2) un effet inducteur via la prostacycline. En effet, celle-ci active la conversion des adipocytes blancs en brites par une voie impliquant le récepteur membranaire IP et les récepteurs nucléaires PPARs. En nous basant sur les recommandations nutritionnelles actuelles chez l’Homme, qui ont pris en considération l’insuffisance de l’apport en acides garsω3 par rapport à l’excès des ω6, nous avons pu montrer chez la souris qu’une supplémentation en acides gras ω3 dans le régime alimentaire était capable d’inhiber l’effet néfaste des acides gras ω6 et d’activer le tissu adipeux brun. Nos résultats démontrent l’importance de la biodisponibilité de l’acide arachidonique dans la biologie du tissu adipeux et permettent de renforcer l’idée que le rééquilibrage du ratio ω6/ω3 est un outil de choix dans la prévention du surpoids et de l’obésité et les maladies métaboliques associées
There are two types of thermogenic adipocytes able to use fatty acids and glucose to produce heat. We distinguish brown adipocytes from the brown adipose tissue and ‘’brite’’ adipocytes which occur into the white adipose tissue. Recently, the characterization of functional brown and brite adipocytes in adult humans has led to the consideration of their use to treat obesity by increasing energy expenditure. My thesis project was to study the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, on the conversion of white into brite adipocytes, in vitro and in vivo, in humans and rodents respectively. We demonstrated that arachidonic acid ω6, precursor of prostaglandins, has 1) an inhibitory effect on the recruitment of brite adipocytes via prostaglandins E2 and F2α and 2) an activatory effect via prostacyclin. In fact, prostacyclin induces the conversion of white into brite adipocytes through the IP receptor and the PPARs signaling pathways. Based on human present nutritional recommendations, we demonstrated that a supplementation of ω3 fatty acids in mice diet was able to inhibit the negative effect of ω6 fatty acids and activate brown adipose tissue. Our data highlights the importance of arachidonic acid bioavailability on the biology of adipose tissue and reinforce the idea that an equilibrate ω6/ω3 ratio is a tool that can be used to prevent overweight obesity and associated metabolic disorders
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Faneca, Vera Lúcia Almeida. "Caracterização de fosfolípidos, incluindo plasmalogénios, em bivalves da costa portuguesa." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13056.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Segurança Alimentar
Apesar da existência de alguns estudos que envolvem a caracterização lipídica de bivalves, não se conhece a existência de trabalhos que envolvam os bivalves da Costa Portuguesa, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à caracterização lipídica de plasmalogénios. Os plasmalogénios são fosfolípidos presentes nas membranas celulares que parecem ter relevância no estado de saúde e/ou doença nos humanos, dado as suas funções biológicas. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu na caracterização e determinação do perfil lipídico (ácidos gordos e dimetilacetais), em especial de plasmalogénios, de vários bivalves da Costa Portuguesa: ameijoa japonesa (Ruditapes phillippinarum), lambujinha (Scrobicularia plana), berbigão (Cerastoderma spp.), mexilhão (Mytillus spp.), ostra (Crassostera spp.) e longueirão (Ensis spp.). Também pretendeu verificar se estes bivalves seriam uma boa fonte alimentar de plasmalogénios. Além disto, também se determinou fatores de conversão lipídicos para as diferentes frações lipídicas dos bivalves em estudo. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que a composição em ácidos gordos dos plasmalogénios é variável entre os bivalves estudados, mas em todos eles houve pontos consistentes, nomeadamente a frequência do C16:0 e C18:0 nos ácidos gordos saturados, bem como a de EPA e DHA e o total de ácidos gordos NMI nos ácidos gordos polinsaturados. Relativamente aos dimetilacetais, o mais frequente foi o 18:0. Através da aplicação dos fatores de conversão lipídicos determinados, conseguiu-se determinar o teor de plasmalogénios existentes em 100g de bivalve, verificando-se que o mexilhão foi o bivalve que apresentou maior conteúdo em plasmalogénios (58,6 mg/100g). Contudo, os bivalves estudados mostraram que não são ricos em plasmalogénios.
ABSTRACT - Phospholipids characterization, including plasmalogens, in bivalves of the Portuguese Coast - Despite the existence of research involving the lipid characterization of bivalves, there are no concerning bivalves of the Portuguese Coast, particularly regarding the lipid characterization of plasmalogens. Plasmalogens are phospholipids existing in cell membranes, which seem to be relevant to human's health and sickness due to their biological functions. The goal of this study is to characterize and determine the lipid profile (fatty acids and dimethylacetals, especially plasmalogens) of several bivalves of the Portuguese Coast, namely Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes phillippinarum), peppery furrow shell (Scrobicularia plana), cockle (Cerastoderma spp.), mussel (Mytillus spp.), oyster (Crassostera spp.) and razor shell (Ensis spp.). This work also intends to verify if they are a good nutritional source of plasmalogens. Furthermore, the lipid conversion factors for the different lipid fractions of bivalves were also determined under this research. The results showed that the composition of fatty acids of the plasmalogens are variable amongst the researched bivalves. However, all of them had consistent points, namely the frequency of C16:0 and C18:0 in saturated fatty acids as well as EPA and DHA and a total NMI fatty acids in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Regarding dimethylacetals, the most common was 18:0. Through the application of the determined lipid conversion factors, it was possible to quantify the plasmalogens content in 100g of bivalves. The mussels revealed to have the highest content of plasmalogens (58,6 mg/100g). Nevertheless, this work showed that the researched bivalves are not rich in plasmalogens.
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Matzen-Fredel, Anna. "Immobilisation of metathesis catalysts on mesoporous materials for the conversion of bio sourced fatty compounds." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10174.

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Alors que les ressources fossiles décroissent, le concept de bio-raffinerie est une approche très attrayante pour la production de produits chimiques à partir de ressources renouvelables. Dans ce contexte, les dérivés d’acides gras insaturés, obtenus par hydrolyse de triglycérides issus de végétaux, sont une catégorie importante de substrats. Leur conversion en composés à haute valeur ajoutée est un objectif majeur qui peut être atteint grâce à la catalyse, et plus particulièrement grâce à la métathèse des alcènes. De plus, dans un esprit de meilleure séparation entre produits et catalyseurs, et pour des questions de recyclage, l’emploi de catalyseurs hétérogènes est de grand intérêt. L’hétérogénéisation de catalyseurs commerciaux à base de ruthénium a été entreprise. Les matériaux hybrides ont été préparés en deux étapes: après une cationisation à l’aide de sels d’argent, les espèces organométalliques ont été immobilisées par échange ionique dans les aluminosilicates mésoporeuses de type MCM-41. Ces nouveaux catalyseurs ont été caractérisés par RMN du solide, IR, DRX, BET, analyse élémentaire et ATG. Ils ont été employés avec succès dans différentes réactions de métathèse impliquant le substrat-type, l’oléate de méthyle. Les réactions étudiées sont l’homométathèse, l’éthénolyse et la métathèse croisée avec des oléfines fonctionnalisées issues des acides acrylique et crotonique. Bien que le recyclage n’ait pas été couronné de succès, les catalyseurs supportés permettent de réaliser toutes ces réactions, ce qui représente dans certains cas le premier exemple de telles transformations par catalyse hétérogène avec des activités et sélectivités élevées
As fossil resources constantly decrease, the concept of bio-refinery is a most attractive approach to generate chemicals from renewable resources. In this context, unsaturated fatty acids derived from the hydrolysis of crops extracted-triglycerides are a major class of substrates. These must be converted to high added-value derivatives: catalytic transformations can play a key role in this, by converting such compounds into other functionalized derivatives. A most attractive reaction to meet this challenge is olefin metathesis. Based on product/catalyst separation and catalyst recycling issues, use of heterogeneous catalysts is of high interest.We thus prepared heterogenized commercial ruthenium catalysts. The hybrid materials were prepared in a two-step procedure: after silver salt-mediated cationization, the organometallic species were immobilized by ion exchange on mesoporous aluminosilicates of the MCM-41 family. The novel catalysts were characterized by solid-state NMR, IR, XRD, BET, elemental analysis and TGA. They were successfully applied in several metathesis reactions involving the archetypic methyl oleate, a C18 unsaturated ester, with different grades of purity. The probed reactions were self-metathesis, ethenolysis and cross-metathesis with functionalized olefins derived from acrylic and crotonic acids. Though recycling was not completely successful, the supported catalysts were able to efficiently catalyze all these transformations, providing in some instances the first heterogeneously examples of such reactions with high activity and selectivity
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Beligon, Vanessa. "Valorisation d'acides gras volatils issus de fermentation anaérobie par la production de lipides microbiens, précurseurs de biodiesel." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22687/document.

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Une part importante de la production mondiale de vecteurs énergétiques et de produits chimiques provient de la raffinerie de combustibles fossiles. En raison de l'augmentation du prix du pétrole et de son impact environnemental, la recherche de solutions alternatives, écologiques et économiques constitue l’un des enjeux de notre siècle. Le remplacement du pétrole par de la biomasse en tant que matière première pour la production de carburants et de produits chimiques constitue la force motrice dans le développement de complexes de bioraffinerie.Cette étude fait partie d’un projet de bioraffinerie visant la valorisation de biomasse lignocellulosique par la production d’hydrogène et de lipides microbiens précurseurs de biodiesel. Ce travail se concentre en particulier sur l’étape de production de biomasse et de lipides par la levure oléagineuse Cryptococcus curvatus à partir d’acides gras volatils (AGVs) synthétisés au cours de la fermentation anaérobie productrice d’hydrogène. Les cultures ont dans un premier temps été réalisées à partir d’un substrat modèle, l’acétate, en fed-batch et en continu. La détermination de l’influence de différents paramètres opératoires sur la production de biomasse et de lipides à partir d’acétate a permis de mettre au point des cultures en fed-batch dont les cinétiques, les productivités et les rendements finaux étaient compétitifs avec ceux rapportés dans la littérature pour des cultures sur substrats simples. Un modèle de croissance et de production de lipides a été construit à partir de ces données afin de prédire le comportement de la souche lors de cultures continues, permettant d’obtenir des productivités en lipides et en biomasse élevées. Enfin, des cultures ont été menées à partir d’AGVs issus de surnageant de fermentation anaérobie. Les résultats ont confirmé la croissance de ces levures sur ce substrat particulier et la production de lipides dont la composition en acides gras estérifiés était compatible avec une utilisation comme biodiesel
A great part of the global production of energy vectors and chemicals comes from fossil fuels refinery. Because of the increase in oil price and their environmental impacts, the search for alternative, ecological and economic solutions is a current challenge. The replacement of oil with biomass as raw material for the production of fuels and chemicals is the driving force for the development of biorefinery complexes.This study is part of a project aiming at the biorefinery of lignocellulosic biomass for hydrogen and microbial lipids as biodiesel precursors. This work focuses on the biomass and lipids production step by the oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus using volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as carbon sources, which are synthesized during the anaerobic fermentation step. Yeast cultures have initially been realized using a model substrate, acetate, and fed-batch and continuous modes. The determination of the influence of different operating parameters on the biomass and lipids production led to the development of fed-batch cultures which kinetics, productivities and yields were competitive with those reported in the literature for cultures on simple substrates. A growth and lipid production model was built from these data to predict the behavior of the strain during continuous cultures and to obtain high lipid and biomass productivities. Finally, cultures were conducted using VFAs from anaerobic fermentation supernatant. The results confirmed the growth of these yeasts on this particular substrate and the production of lipids which composition was compatible with use as biodiesel
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Books on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Mostofsky, David I., Shlomo Yehuda, and Norman Salem. Fatty Acids. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1592591191.

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Dijkstra, Albert J., Richard J. Hamilton, and Wolf Hamm, eds. Trans Fatty Acids. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470697658.

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Dhull, Sanju Bala, Sneh Punia, and Kawaljit Singh Sandhu. Essential Fatty Acids. Edited by Sanju Bala Dhull, Sneh Punia, and Kawaljit Singh Sandhu. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429321115.

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Hegde, Mahabaleshwar V., Anand Arvind Zanwar, and Sharad P. Adekar, eds. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5.

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J, Binder Henry, Cummings John H, and Soergel Konrad H, eds. Short chain fatty acids. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.

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Shahidi, Fereidoon, and John W. Finley, eds. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0788.

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Chen, Grace. Fatty acids: Types, roles, and health effects. New York: Nova Science, 2012.

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Bazan, Nicolas G., Mary G. Murphy, and Gino Toffano, eds. Neurobiology of Essential Fatty Acids. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3426-6.

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Kremer, Joel M., ed. Medicinal Fatty Acids in Inflammation. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8825-7.

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De Meester, Fabien, Ronald Ross Watson, and Sherma Zibadi, eds. Omega-6/3 Fatty Acids. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-215-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Rozmysłowicz, Bartosz, Päivi Mäki-Arvela, and Dmitry Yu Murzin. "Fatty Acids-Derived Fuels from Biomass via Catalytic Deoxygenation." In Biomass Conversion, 199–220. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28418-2_6.

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Cao, Yu, Ning Wang, Hongchen Fu, Fei You, and Liangnian He. "Technologies for Conversion Bio-Lubricant Production in Fatty Acids." In Industrial Oil Plant, 175–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4920-5_7.

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Rafiq Kumar, M., S. M. Tauseef, Tasneem Abbasi, and S. A. Abbasi. "Conversion of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) Obtained from Ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea) to Energy." In Advances in Health and Environment Safety, 269–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7122-5_28.

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Varfolomeev, Sergey D., Marina A. Gladchenko, Sergey N. Gaydamaka, Valentina P. Murygina, Violetta B. Volieva, Nona L. Komissarova, Farid M. Gumerov, Rustem A. Usmanov, and Elena V. Koversanova. "Biocatalytic Conversion of Lignocellulose Materials to Fatty Acids and Ethanol with Subsequent Esterification." In Chemistry and Technology of Plant Substances, 111–32. Toronto; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2017.: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207469-6.

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Gekhman, A. E., A. V. Chistyakov, M. V. Tsodikov, P. A. Zharova, S. S. Shapovalov, and A. A. Pasynskii. "The Mixture of Fatty Acids Conversion into Hydrocarbons Over Original Pt-Sn/Al2O3 Catalyst." In Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016", 297–304. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62870-7_33.

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Alfonso, Miguel, María A. Luján, and Rafael Picorel. "Role of Lipids and Fatty Acids in the Maintenance of Photosynthesis and the Assembly of Photosynthetic Complexes During Photosystem II Turnover." In Photosynthesis: Molecular Approaches to Solar Energy Conversion, 395–427. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67407-6_15.

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Bajpai, Vivek K., Sun-Chul Kang, Hak-Ryul Kim, and Ching T. Hou. "Potential Approach of Microbial Conversion to Develop New Antifungal Products of Omega-3 Fatty Acids." In Biocatalysis and Biomolecular Engineering, 459–72. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470608524.ch30.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "fatty acids." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 202. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_3922.

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Simopoulos, Artemis P. "Fatty Acids." In Functional Foods, 355–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2073-3_16.

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Seigler, David S. "Fatty Acids." In Plant Secondary Metabolism, 16–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4913-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Chandrasekaran, Sriraam Ramanathan, Sumant Avasarala, Fathima Jalal, Lima Rose Miranda, and Selva Ilavarasi Paneerselvam. "Experimental Investigation on Variation of FFA in Used Cooking Oil and Optimization of Conversion to Biodiesel." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90505.

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The world is currently dependant on fossil fuels as a fuel source for transportation and fuelling the industrial sector. The increasing awareness of the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the environmental benefits of bio-diesel has made it more attractive in recent times. Many researches are being made to commercialize the production. However the cost of bio-diesel is the major obstacle to its commercialization in comparison to conventional diesel fuels. The objective of this paper is to produce biodiesel from Used cooking oil using a two stage process of acid and base catalyzed Transesterification reaction and optimizing the process variable such as Methanol to oil ratio, Catalyst to oil ratio, Reaction temperature and Reaction time as these process variable has adverse effect on the Transesterification reaction. The optimized parameters gave an yield of about 96%. Also an attempt had been made to examine the effect of temperature, moisture and storage time on the accumulation of free fatty acids in Used cooking oil. The results showed that the triacylglycerides was hydrolysed and the free fatty acid content was raised.
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Matveeva, Valentina. "FATTY ACID CONVERSION OVER POLYMER-BASED CATALYSTS SYNTHESIZED IN SUBCRITICAL WATER." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/4.1/s17.047.

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Kartina, A. K. Siti, and M. H. Nor Suhaila. "Conversion of waste cooking oil (WCO) and palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) to biodiesel." In Environment (ISESEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isesee.2011.5977106.

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Eichenauer, Sabrina, Bernd Weber, and Ernst A. Stadlbauer. "Thermochemical Processing of Animal Fat and Meat and Bone Meal to Hydrocarbon Based Fuels." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49197.

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The results of the study at hand may have implications for treatment of grease, lipid fractions, free fatty acids (FFA) and salts of FFA extracted from wastes of food industry, bio-refineries or sewage sludge as well as contaminated lipid containing forage. The goal of the study is, to prevent such contaminated wastes from entering the food chain. The following ways of treatment are proposed. Thermal conversion of waste fats from rendering plants or lipids in the presence of aluminosilicates of the zeolite family produce hydrocarbons with net calorific values in the range of 40–42 MJ/kg. NMR studies show aliphatic hydrocarbons as main product at T = 400°C. The spectrum of products is shifted to alkyl benzenes at T = 550°C. In case of sodium carbonate conversion is achieved in the presence of 5% water at T = 430 ± 20°C yielding mainly a liquid bio-crude with a low acid index, a mixture of non-condensable gases and minor amounts of coke. Rectification of bio-crude from animal fat produces 65.8% of hydrocarbon based bio-diesel and 13.3% of gasoline type hydrocarbons. Distillation curve for bio-diesel is in accordance with DIN EN 490. However, the gasoline fraction lacks low boiling hydrocarbons indicating the necessity for technical improvements of condensers. Sodium carbonate is found to be effective as well as being relatively inexpensive compared to zeolite catalysts. Finally, successful conversion of meat and bone meal to biochar is proved by solid-state 13C-NMR.
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Setty, B. N. Y., M. Berger, and M. J. Stuart. "13-HYDROXY-9,11-OCTADECADIENOIC ACID (13-HOD) INCREASES PROSTACYCLIN PRODUCTION IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643948.

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Recently, endothelial cells (ECs) have been shown to generate a potent vascular chemorepellant factor. This metabolite, 13-HOD is reported to be the major lipoxygenase product produced in microgram amounts in ECs (JBC 260:16056, 1985). We have studied the effect of 13-HOD on EC arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, and report modulation of both AA release and conversion to prostacyclin. Using fetal bovine aortic ECs, 13-HOD stimulated prostacyclin production (RIA for 6KPGF1α ) by 40±13% (1SE), and 51±09% at 10 and 30μM (P<0.05; n=5). When the time-course of this effect was evaluated, 13-HOD (30μM) significantly enhanced the time-dependent release of 6KPGF1α by 31 to 51% between 5 and 120 min. (P<0.05 to 0.01; n=5). In [14C]AA labeled cells, this compound modulated both AA release and its subsequent conversion. In 5 paired experiments, 13-HOD (30μM) enhanced the release of AA from membrane phospholipids (9065±0553 cpm/well in controls vs 10738±1725 in 13-HOD treated cells; PC0.01). Analysis of cellular phospholipids revealed a significant decrease in [14C]phosphatidylethanolamine (62312±3963 cpm/well in controls vs 56959±4104 in 13-HOD treated cells; P<0.02). No significant changes were seen in the levels of phosphatidyl-choline, -serine, -inositol, or phosphatidic acid. Production of [14C]prostacyclin was stimulated by 56±16% (P<0.01 ), while total cyclooxygenase metabolites increased by 28±8% (P<0.01), suggesting effects on both cyclooxygenase and prostacyclin synthetase. 13-HOD, the major vascular product of linoleic acid enhances both AA release and metabolism, thus demonstrating an intimate hemostatic interaction between the metabolic products of these two polyunsaturated fatty acids in endothelial cells.
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Radulescu, Victorita. "Influence of Some Emulsifiers in Improving the Biofuel Characteristics." In ASME 2021 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2021-64223.

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Abstract Molecules’ characteristics of the active surface, such as low molecular weight fatty acids, asphaltene, and naphthenic acids determine the properties of emulsified fuels. They can interact with surfaces from other oils, water from liquid mixtures, solid surfaces from mechanical systems, or with pipes walls in case of long distances transport. For heavy oils which contain large amounts of asphaltene, these effects are very important. The characteristics of the emulsified fuels are determined mainly by the properties and nature of the emulsifier. In the present paper, some tests for heavy fuels emulsification with monoglycerides and cosurfactants are mentioned, due to their significant contributions in clean fuels combustion. This first proposed solution, presented in this paper is generally preferred, due to its small cost. The second tested solution consists in nonionic polymer obtained from the solid wastes of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) conversion and glycol. The main advantages of this raw material are the PET’s low cost and its large availability. The PET has high content of oxygen so the combustion of emulsified fuels with this type of surfactants assures low pollution emission. The preparation of the nonionic polymer associated with the glycerol recovery as additives for emulsified fuels is also mentioned. As the first stage, the PET transesterification with glycol at 200°C–210°C with ethylene glycol elimination was mentioned. For experiments, ten samples of emulsified fuels with different emulsifying agents were prepared, being tested their influence on fuel characteristics. Some physical properties of the emulsified fuel as the density at 20°C, viscosity at 90°C, flash point, and the freezing points were also determined. If the emulsifier proportion or the water quantity increase in the emulsified fuel the flash point increases also. Other experiments were realized referring to the freezing point and viscosity’s dependence with temperature. Finally, are presented some remarks concerning the proper report between emulsifier and final fuel properties.
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Ghelmez, Mihaela A., Maria Honciuc, and Elena Slavnicu. "Optical nonlinearities in fatty acids." In ROMOPTO 2000: Sixth Conference on Optics, edited by Valentin I. Vlad. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.432881.

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Almahli, Hadia. "An Overview on Cyclopentenyl Fatty Acids." In MOL2NET 2017, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 3rd edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-03-04625.

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Honciuc, Maria, Eugenia G. Carbunescu, and Floriana Iova. "Optical transmission of fatty acids mixtures." In ROMOPTO 2000: Sixth Conference on Optics, edited by Valentin I. Vlad. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.432913.

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Kajdas, Czeslaw, and Marzena Majzner. "The Influence of Fatty Acids and Fatty Acids Mixtures on the Lubricity of Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuels." In International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1929.

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Reports on the topic "Conversion of fatty acids"

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Knapp, Jr ,. F. F. (Radioiodinated free fatty acids). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7044018.

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Stambuli, James P., and S. M. Whittemore. Site-selective Alkane Dehydrogenation of Fatty Acids. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566294.

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Lee, E. J., and Dong U. Ahn. Production of Volatiles from Fatty Acids and Oils by Irradiation. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1038.

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Balk, Ethan M., Gaelen P. Adam, Valerie Langberg, Christopher Halladay, Mei Chung, Lin Lin, Sarah Robertson, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcerta223.

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Márquez-Ruiz, Gloria. Separation and Quantification of Oxidized Monomeric, Dimeric and Oligomeric Fatty Acids. AOCS, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.39201.

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Kilgore, Michael W. Molecular Mechanisms of Dietary Fatty Acids on Breast Cancer Growth and Development. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396174.

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Kilgore, Michael W. Molecular Mechanisms of Dietary Fatty Acids on Breast Cancer Growth and Development. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391309.

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Newberry, Sydne J., Mei Chung, Marika Booth, Margaret A. Maglione, Alice M. Tang, Claire E. O'Hanlon, Ding Ding Wang, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Maternal and Child Health: An Updated Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcerta224.

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Márquez-Ruiz, Gloria. Determination of Oxidized Monomeric, Dimeric and Oligomeric Triacylglycerols; Diacylglycerols and Free Fatty Acids. AOCS, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.39199.

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Liu, Yiliang. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and a Novel Mammary Derived Growth Inhibitor Fatty Acid Binding Protein MRG in Suppression of Mammary Tumor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396066.

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