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1
Abbas, Irfan, Khalid Ahmed, and Muhammad Asad Habib. "Conversation Analysis: A Methodology for Diagnosing Autism." Global Language Review VII, no. II (June 30, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(vii-ii).01.
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The present study examines the conversational turn-taking patterns in autist-neurotypical talk. The objective of the study is to find out the distinctive features of autist-normal conversations. This study is cross-sectional, descriptive and qualitative in its nature. Recordings are done in anautism center in Lahore for a period of ten days. It is mainly a qualitative study in its nature. Five autistic children of different ages are selected from an autism center in Lahore. The data for the study is collected through video recording of the conversations between autists and speech therapists. The sample is selected through convenient sampling and analysis is done by following the methods of conversation analysis. The results of the analysis highlight certain distinct features of autist child-therapist talk which are not observed in the normal ordinary conversation. However, there is not a total violation of the conversation rules on the part of autists. Moreover, the findings of the research show that conversational patterns in autist-normal conversation are also affected by the chronological age of the autists. Finally, the research concludes that conversation analysis can be used as a tool for the identification of autism.
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Nishfullayli, Sa'idatun, Lea Santiar, and Harni Kartika Ningsih. "Discourse Structure Analysis of Making Request in Japanese Conversation." JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang 8, no. 2 (December 25, 2023): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/japanedu.v8i2.61548.
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Making requests (irai) is a genre of spoken interaction that is taught from the basic level of learning Japanese as a foreign language. A request is one of the speech acts that may raise face-threatening potentials. Understanding the stages of request appropriate to Japanese culture is thus essential for Japanese learners to achieve successful conversation. Therefore, conversation pedagogy by using a discourse approach is essential. This study investigates a potential structure gap in Japanese making-requests conversations realized in actual settings and textbook conversational models. By employing genre theory and interpersonal discourse of “Negotiation” as a qualitative discourse analytic method from the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) perspective, this paper describes the gaps and some factors that potentially influence the structure of Japanese making-request conversation. Data were obtained from conversational texts in the Japanese language corpus named Japanese Natural Conversation Corpus and Japanese textbooks for elementary and middle adult learners. Regarding the structure, the results show no difference between conversations in textbooks and authentic ones at the stage level, but both differ at the phase level. There is no introduction to the problem, additional explanation, and confirmation phases in textbook conversational models. In addition, the absence of the phases, the differences in pre-condition content between textbook and authentic conversations, also the length of the reasoning phase, are assumed to be influenced by relational status between participants (tenor) as well as the imposition degree of the requested object.
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Anggrarini, Natalia. "CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE ANALYSIS OF TEXT MESSAGE BETWEEN NATIVE SPEAKR AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE SPEAKER OF ENGLISH." Wiralodra English Journal 1, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/wej.v1i1.17.
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In this global era, it is possible to do communication with native speaker of English. Thus, the need to master communicative competence of English communication is needed. Beside face to face communication, people are also need to be able to communicate in different way, such as chat via mobile phone. It is used to call as Short Message Service or SMS. This study is aimed to know the kinds of conversation that happened in their short text message for a month. The classification of conversation is according to the Grice (1975) the formulation of Cooperative Principle in which it is classified into Generalized Conversation Implicature and Particularized Conversational Implicature. The method used in this study is Descriptive Qualitative. It is used to interpret the data according to the conversational classification. The result of this study shows that 81. 25 % the conversations are classified into Generalized Conversational Implicature, and 18. 75% conversations are classified into Particularized Conversational Implicature.
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Dipta, Dinar. "Conversation Analysis as a Discourse Approach to Teaching Speaking Skill." JETLe (Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning) 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jetle.v1i1.7718.
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<p>Conversation comes as two ways communication used in daily activities. The large numbers of conversations lead some researchers to analyze it. Conversation has been the primary interest to language researchers since natural, unplanned, everyday conversation is the most commonly occurring and universal language genre (Riggenbach, 1999). Conversation is a speech activity in which all members of a community routinely participate. Among other approaches to discourse analysis used in teaching speaking, conversation analysis (CA) is one of the convenient practical devices in teaching oral English in the classroom. This paper aims to explore the theoretical basis for conversational analysis and examine the techniques applying a discourse approach to teaching speaking in the classroom.</p>
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Abdulla, Ismail Abdulrahaman, and Suhayla H. Majeed. "A Pragmatic Analysis of Some Quranic Verses in Light of Grice's Cooperative Principle." Journal of University of Human Development 5, no. 3 (July 29, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n3y2019.pp127-133.
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The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the applicability of Grice’s Co-operative Principle and Conversational Maxims, as one of the outstanding models in Pragmatics, to some selected Quranic conversations. Grice’s model is regarded as template for the flow of conversations and interactions held between people. Quran, as a Holy Text in Islam, contains many speech events, i.e., situations wherein conversations take place. In the stories narrated in Quran, there are situations in which, as the ordinary life of the human beings, participants converse with one another. In this study , the researchers examine the applicability of the conversation model of Grice to the Quranic conversations. To this end, the researchers have quoted some verses from Quran, first in Arabic along with their translations in English , and analysed them in light of Grice’s model of conversation analysis. Findings indicate that in the Quranic conversations there are occasions where the maxims of conversation are observed and in some other cases not observed. This fact attests the universality of Grice’s model.
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Daraškienė, Inga, and Inga Hilbig. "Conversational strategies in children’s talk." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 12 (January 15, 2019): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2019.17231.
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The aim of this article is to investigate linguistic and non-linguistic conversational strategies and their realisations, employed by five year olds in peer interactions. 5 hours and 49 minutes of recorded children’s talk were used for the analysis. The data were processed using Transana software, and qualitative conversation analysis was applied. The analysis reveals that children are more inclined to use conversational strategies that motivate cooperation and solidarity rather than competition or dominance in a conversation. Dialogues mostly involve comments and questions, followed by repetitions of both speaker’s own or the interlocutor’s words. Jokes are also used to maintain or restart conversations and to support or restore friendly relationships. Strategies that break the symmetry of conversation are rarely applied. The conversation is sometimes interrupted when opposing the partner or establishing a leader role. Silence as a conversation strategy also serves to communicate disagreement with partner’s statements. Overall, the research subjects appear to be pragmatically competent interlocutors, adhering to the main principles of adult conversation: able to wait for their turn in conversation, choose and change its topic appropriately, involve the interlocutor in it or regain his/her attention if needed, and solve communicational break-downs and conflicts. However, the results presented are to be confirmed by further studies and through more various child-to-child conversations.
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Chao, Geng. "An Overview of “Turns” in Conversation Analysis." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 9, no. 4 (December 2023): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2023.9.6.465.
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Conversation Analysis (CA) derives from the 1970s, which was put forward by Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson for the sack of analyzing institutional talk, e.g., business negotiation discourse, and doctor-patient communication discourse and telephone conversations. Currently, it has become the most favorable and effective method to analyze interactive discourse. As the essential part of CA, the “turn” is the foundation of all the research, carrying talk information and social rules in interaction that plays an essential role in guiding the outcome of conversations in social communication. The thesis made classification, summaries and reviews on studies of “turns” in conversation to explores the orientation of “turn” in conversation by specifying the aspects of turn-taking, allocating, and repairing to make an overview of turn in conversation analysis and provide a spark for further study in the field. The overview helped to recognize current status and make a new attempt. It was revealed that studies of “turns” in conversation analysis are widely applied in healthcare, patient-to-doctor interaction in particular; during analysis of conversation, timespan and manners of participants were mainly focused. The thesis discovered a fact that studies of “turns” on on-line interaction is insufficient, which is significant under the current situation.
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Akhmad Sofyan, Riantino Yudistira, Muta’allim, Fahmi Reza Alfani, and Abdul Azizul Ghaffar. "The Analysis of Conversational Implicature Between Students and Teachers at Al-Azhar Islamic Boarding School." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/jr.8.1.4042.65-72.
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Pesantren is an environment that is very well known as religiousness in which there are several rules that must be obeyed by teachers and students. The purpose of this discipline is to build humanist relationships. This study aims to uncover and describe the meanings and types of conversational implicatures contained in the conversations of teachers and students at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Al-Azhar Islamic boarding school. This study uses data analysis. Qualitative methods are methods that aim to obtain descriptive data. The data in this study are conversational implicatures that transcribed into written text. Data were collected using selection, description and verification techniques. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptivewhich is based on Siswantoro's theory. The results of this study indicate that there are four types of conversation implicatures, namely general conversation implicatures, scaled implicatures, special conversation implicatures and conventional implicatures.
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Masters, Benjamin, Susan Aliakbary Hosseinabadi, Dorothea Wendt, and Ewen MacDonald. "Analysis of physiological measures around conversational state changes." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (March 1, 2024): A338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027739.
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The goal of this work is to extend the use of physiological measures of listening effort to interactive conversation. The initial work here investigates variations in head movement, eye gaze, and pupil dilation around conversational state changes during task-based conversations. Here, conversational state changes are defined as the points in time at which speakers start and stop talking. Windows around each of these types of state changes are analyzed for systematic differences of these parameters, which could be indicative of changes in attention and/or differences in speech production versus perception. Additionally, we calculate state change response functions, derived from a multivariate regression that maps from the state changes to the measured parameters and extracted features. The predictive power of these functions is explored, alongside comparisons of various considerations in their derivations. Our findings, based on data collected from 12 sets of interactive conversations taking place in varying levels of noise and simulated hearing loss, offer insight into how physiological responses during complex interactions can be measured and interpreted to infer when and where effort is directed throughout conversation.
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Ali Haromaini, Hidayat, and Emy Rista Kusuma. "ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATION IMLPLICATURE IN THE FILM ANTARES IN PRAGMATIC STUDY." Matapena: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36815/matapena.v6i02.2987.
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In linguistics, the only aspect that discusses human language is called pragmatic studies. The meaning contained in an utterance in a pragmatic context is called implicature. Impilkature has become part of the conversational tools in communication. With this research, the author wants to know the implications of conversations in the film Antares. The author also uses a qualitative descriptive research method to determine the communication used in the film Antares. The results of the research show that conversational implicatures referring to Grice's theory can be applied in the use of implicatures in a film. The results of this research discuss the implications of general, specific and scaled conversations. Based on research findings, it can be concluded that implicatures often occur in the conversation process between speech partners and speakers, even if only in short sentences. Keywords: Linguistics, conversational implicature, pragmatics, Antares film.
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Nurfarwati, Dini, Siti Nur Anisa, and Rasi Yugafiati. "THE ANALYSIS OF FLOUTING OF CONVERSATIONAL MAXIMS ON THE MAIN CHARACTERS IN “ MOANA” MOVIE." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 1, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v1i5.p677-686.
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This study focuses to analise the flouting of conversational maxims which are found in Moana movie. The study uses mix method. There are four of maxims can be revealed. The first is maxim relevance. The reasons of maxim relevance are:“The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements” and “Moana’s response does not appropriate to Maui’s statement”. The second is maxim manner.The reason of maxim manner are: “Moana’s statements do not clear”, “Maui’s response does not appropriate to Moana’s statement”, and “Maui’s statement does not clear”. The third is maxim quantity. The reasons of maxim quantity are: "The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements”, “Moana’s responses do not appropriate to Maui’s statement”, “Maui’s statement is flouting the maxim”, and “Moana’s steatment is flouting the maxim”. The forth is maxim quality. The reason is “Maui’s responses contain lies”. that among 4 types of maxim in conversation between the main character, Moana and Maui in Moana movie, the maxim of relevance was the most identifiable type. 16 conversations cover 38,1%. The second is the maxim quantity. 14 conversations cover 33,3%. The third is the maxim manner. 10 conversation or covers 23,8%. The maxim quality gets 2 conversations and covers 4,8%. The conclusions are the conversation related to ask to do something, be success in doing something, give surprise and do not want something bad happened to the friend.Keywords: Conversational Maxims, Flouting Maxims, Movie
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Joty, S., G. Carenini, and R. T. Ng. "Topic Segmentation and Labeling in Asynchronous Conversations." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 47 (July 22, 2013): 521–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3940.
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Topic segmentation and labeling is often considered a prerequisite for higher-level conversation analysis and has been shown to be useful in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. We present two new corpora of email and blog conversations annotated with topics, and evaluate annotator reliability for the segmentation and labeling tasks in these asynchronous conversations. We propose a complete computational framework for topic segmentation and labeling in asynchronous conversations. Our approach extends state-of-the-art methods by considering a fine-grained structure of an asynchronous conversation, along with other conversational features by applying recent graph-based methods for NLP. For topic segmentation, we propose two novel unsupervised models that exploit the fine-grained conversational structure, and a novel graph-theoretic supervised model that combines lexical, conversational and topic features. For topic labeling, we propose two novel (unsupervised) random walk models that respectively capture conversation specific clues from two different sources: the leading sentences and the fine-grained conversational structure. Empirical evaluation shows that the segmentation and the labeling performed by our best models beat the state-of-the-art, and are highly correlated with human annotations.
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Georgalidou, Marianthi, Hasan Kaili, and Aytac Celtek. "Code Alternation Patterns in Bilingual Family Conversation: A Conversation Analysis Approach." Journal of Greek Linguistics 10, no. 2 (2010): 317–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156658410x531401.
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AbstractIn this study, we examine aspects of the overall organization of bilingual conversation during talk-in-interaction among members of a close-knit family network. Code Alternation, prototypically seen as the contiguous juxtaposition of semiotic systems in such a way that the participants interpret the juxtaposition as such (Auer 1995, 116), is a common conversational practice in bilingual communities. Taking a Conversation Analytic approach as our point of departure, we analyze code alternation and code-mixing practices in naturally occurring conversations among family members of the bilingual in Greek and Turkish Muslim community of Rhodes. Firstly, we examine Greek/Turkish alternation as a conversational strategy with clear discourse functions (Auer 1995; 1998). Secondly, we see non-prototypical instances of the use of both languages in the same conversation as instances of medium negotiation or a mixed-code choice on the part of the participants (the bilingual medium or the monolectal view of code-switching, Meeuwis and Blommaert 1998; Auer 1998; Gafaranga 2007a). Last, we examine issues of identity as these can be approached based on the choices speakers of different age groups make during interaction. Based on the analysis, it is shown that, a) code alternation practices reflect not only aspects of the politics and management of the identity of the speakers as members of the same ethnic category, but also broader issues concerning the construction of youth identities as opposed to those of older generations, and b) data coming from diverse bilingual communities point to the need for greater clarity in the proposed models for the analysis of code alternation patterns.
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Artha, Lilis Uli, Ridwan Hanafiah, and Matius C. A. Sembiring. "A CONVERSATION ANALYSIS ON THE INTERVIEW BETWEEN ELLEN DEGENERES AND HILLARY CLINTON." JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 11, no. 3 (August 17, 2023): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37081/ed.v11i3.4914.
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This research aims to find out the aspects of conversational nteractions in the interview, to analyze how those aspects of conversational interactions realized in the interview and to explain why those aspects of conversational interactions are realized in the interview. This research investigates the aspects of conversational interactions of conversation analysis based on Brian Paltridge‘s perspective. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The main data of the research are the utterances which is a script between the interviewer (Ellen Degeneres) and the interviwees (Hillary Clinton). The source of data is video of the interview between Ellen Degeneres and Hillary Clinton which downloaded from Youtube website with the duration 19:11 minutes. The data are analyzed based on the theory of Conversation Analysis that proposed by Paltridge. The results of this research are, the interviewer (Ellen Degeneres) used all of the aspects of conversational interactions in giving and responding the questions to interviewees. On the other hand, the interviewees (Hillary Clinton) used Adjacency Pairs, Preference Organization, Turn Taking, Feedback and Repair. But Opening and Closing Conversation are not used by the interviewees throughout the conversation. So, five of seven aspects of conversational interactions in conversation are applied. Those aspects of conversational interactions are realized in the conversation with different realization. Those aspects of conversational interactions are realized in this conversation because it is the standard in conversation and the interviewer and interviewees applied the aspects of conversational interactions in order to seek the information from the interviewees, to give the clarification of the issues and to make a good communication in that conversation.
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Ellag, Menatalla K., Jinyu Qian, Ieda Ishida, and Ewen MacDonald. "The impact of remote microphones and facial masks on speech production and conversational behaviors in hearing-impaired individuals." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (March 1, 2024): A341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027757.
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This study investigates the acoustics and conversation behavior of the speech produced during conversations among groups of hearing-impaired individuals. Four groups of four hearing-impaired individuals, all using hearing aids, engaged in discussions on provided topics in the presence of background noise. Conversations were held in four conditions based on two factors (using versus not using a remote microphone; wearing versus not wearing a face mask). Analysis of recorded conversations focused on speech production measures (e.g., fundamental frequency, articulation rate, formant frequencies, etc.) and conversational behaviors (e.g., inter-pausal unit length, floor-transfer offsets, turn duration, etc.). Although both influence the potential difficulty of holding a conversation, distinct effects of mask, remote microphone, and their interaction were observed for measures of speech production and conversational behaviors.
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Mengis, Jeanne, and Martin J. Eppler. "Understanding and Managing Conversations from a Knowledge Perspective: An Analysis of the Roles and Rules of Face-to-face Conversations in Organizations." Organization Studies 29, no. 10 (October 2008): 1287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840607086553.
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This article presents a discussion on the role of face-to-face conversations for social knowledge processes and sense making in organizations. Given the importance attributed to conversations in the literature, but also the many conversational routines that prevent knowledge creation and sharing, the question pursued is how conversations can be managed to foster developments in organizational knowing. We particularly focus on the role of explicit rules as one means to manage conversations from a knowledge perspective and analyse contributions from knowledge management, organizational learning, decision making and change management. In order to refine and systemize the discussion on the multitude of conversation rules, we propose a management framework by drawing on communication theory. Implications for management as well as future directions for research on conversation management conclude the article.
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Widiyati, Elok. "THE FEATURES OF INTERRUPTING, COLLABORATING, AND BACKCHANNELLING USED BY BROADCASTER AND CALLER IN TELEPHONE CONVERSATION." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.1.1.1-16.
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Conversational analysis is a part of conversational structure that manages people's communication. It deals with pragmatics. Some of the conversational structures consist of features in interrupting, collaborating, and backchannelling (Celce-Murcia, 1995: 14). This research was intended to analyze how the three features were applied in the English conversation by broadcasters and callers in English Corner Program. This research was qualitative. The data consisted of eight conversations. The data were collected through the following steps: recording, transcribing, selecting, and reporting. Then, they were analyzed with conversational approach drawn on Celce Murcia (1995). It was revealed that the broadcasters and callers in the eight conversations used the features of interrupting, collaborating, and backchanneling. They did not fully perform common English expressions and gambits. However, they tended to perform the simpler and easier ones. This implied that the participants have not known the appropriate expressions. Based on the result of this research, it was concluded that the conversations in this study were less structured and patterned. It was suggested for the readers who learn about conversational structure, that they should pay attention not only to the linguistic components, but also the pragmatics in which the English conversation takes place, including participant, context, and topic of a conversation.
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Naureen, Sehar, Syed Kazim Kazim Shah, and Muniba Mushtaq. "Conversation Analysis of Jo Chale to Jaan Se Guzar Gaey: A Drama Serial from Pakistan Electronic Media." Journal of English Language, Literature and Education 4, no. 3 (March 29, 2023): 48–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2023.0501153.
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This investigation aimed to analyze the use of turn-takings, the organization of adjacency pairs that are practised in Pakistani drama. Drawing on the framework presented by Young (2011), this research has provided insight into the relationship between the conversational organization and situational features in which the conversations were performed, and to figure out the purpose of operating a conversation in a specific situation, especially in the entertainment genre. For this research, video samples were taken from Pakistani dramas, and the conversations between participants, specifically between main characters, were transcribed. The transcribed data was then organized and divided into chunks and manually coded in Adjacency pairs, turns, lexical devices, linguistic and paralinguistic features, semantic and pragmatic elements, and contextual features. Based on the frequencies and patterns of turn-takings, lexical and linguistic choices, semantic, and conversational devices, the attitudes and variations in the behaviours of the participants of conversation in different settings and contexts were analyzed.
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Silvi, Nurus silvia. "Conversation CONVERSATION STYLE: ANALYZING TALK AMONG ‘’KICK ANDY'S TALK SHOW WITH THE FIVE TOWER STATE NOVEL'S AUTHOR’’ Abstrack The conversation analysis contained in the Talk Show Kick Andy video contains four topics, including the topic of conversation, the str." JournEEL (Journal of English Education and Literature) 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2022): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51836/journeel.v4i2.357.
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Abstrack
The conversation analysis contained in the Talk Show Kick Andy video contains four topics, including the topic of conversation, the structure of the conversation, the transfer of conversation, and the coherence of conversational discourse. On the topic of conversation, three topics were found, namely general topics, ongoing topics and real topics. Furthermore, in the conversation structure, the topic of conversation is found at the beginning of the conversation, the core of the conversation, and the end of the conversation. The conversational speech transfer contains two types of conversational speech transfer. The first is speech switching with an arranged turn, the second is a speech transfer with an automatic turn. The last conversation analysis is the coherence of conversational discourse. Cohesion is shown in the cohesion and coherence in the content of the conversation.
Keywords: conversation analysis, topic of conversation, change the conversation.
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Mahzari, Mohammad. "The Closing Sequences and Ritual Expressions of Informal Mobile Phone Calls Between Saudis: A Conversational Analysis." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 5 (August 26, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n5p153.
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Although much work has been conducted on studying conversational openings of telephone and ritual expressions, conversational closings and ritual expressions have received less attention by researchers due to the complexity and difficulty of identifying the beginning of closings in telephone conversations. The parts of closing and ritual expressions on telephone have been examined in some languages, but Arabic has not been studied in landline telephone or mobile phone. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the sequences and ritual expressions between Saudi friends and relatives to explore the strategies of closing informal mobile phone calls by using a conversation analysis approach. Thirty audio-recorded and transcribed mobile phone conversations served as the data source for this study. The results found that the majority of mobile phone closing conversations include three parts: pre-closing, leave taking, and terminal exchange that are similar to many languages such as English, Japanese, and German. Also, various expressions were used in pre-closing and leave taking sequences, but the expressions of using prayers were used more frequently in the sequences. Finally, closing conversation is affected by various external and internal social factors in the sequences and the use of ritual expressions.
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Zein, T. Thyrhaya, Ronobel Boston Silalahi, and Muhammad Yusuf. "A Conversation Analysis on the Interview between Agnez Monica and Host in “Build Talk Show”." World Journal of English Language 11, no. 2 (August 3, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v11n2p52.
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The aim of the study is to determine how the aspects of conversational interactions are realized in the conversation. The researcher collects and analyzes data by applied qualitative content analysis through documentation technique. The data of this study were the utterances while the source of data is a video of the interview between the interviewer (Kevan Kenney) and the interviewee (Agnez Monica a.k.a Agnez Mo) in Build Talk Show. The source of the data was downloaded from the official Youtube channel of Build Talk Show with a duration of 27:03 minutes. The data analysis is based on the theory of conversation analysis proposed by Paltridge. The results of this study show that the interviewer (Kevan Kenney) employed the aspects of conversational interactions in asking and responding to the questions of the interviewee. The aspects of conversational interactions such as opening conversation, adjacency pairs, preference organization, turn taking, and feedback were used. Where as, closing conversation and repair categories were not used by interviewer throughout the conversation. On the other hand, the interviewee used Turn Taking, Feedback and Repair, but Opening and Closing Conversation, Adjacency Pairs, and Preference Organization were not used by the interviewee throughout the conversation. So, five of seven aspects of conversational interactions in conversation are applied. Those aspects of conversational interactions are realized in this conversation because it is the standard in conversation, and the interviewer and interviewee applied the aspects of conversational interactions in order to seek the information from the interviewee, to give the clarification of the issues and make a good communication in that conversation.
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Hassan, Mahmudul, Shahriar Shakil, Nazmun Nessa Moon, Mohammad Monirul Islam, Refath Ara Hossain, Asma Mariam, and Fernaz Narin Nur. "Sentiment analysis on Bangla conversation using machine learning approach." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 5562. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp5562-5572.
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<span>Nowadays, online communication is more convenient and popular than face-to-face conversation. Therefore, people prefer online communication over face-to-face meetings. Enormous people use online chatting systems to speak with their loved ones at any given time throughout the world. People create massive quantities of conversation every second because of their online engagement. People's feelings during the conversation period can be gleaned as useful information from these conversations. Text analysis and conclusion of any material as summarization can be done using sentiment analysis by natural language processing. The use of communication for customer service portals in various e-commerce platforms and crime investigations based on digital evidence is increasing the need for sentiment analysis of a conversation. Other languages, such as English, have well-developed libraries and resources for natural language processing, yet there are few studies conducted on Bangla. It is more challenging to extract sentiments from Bangla conversational data due to the language's grammatical complexity. As a result, it opens vast study opportunities. So, support vector machine, multinomial naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, decision tree, and random forest was used. From the dataset, extracted information was labeled as positive and negative.</span>
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Althoff, Tim, Kevin Clark, and Jure Leskovec. "Large-scale Analysis of Counseling Conversations: An Application of Natural Language Processing to Mental Health." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 4 (December 2016): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00111.
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Mental illness is one of the most pressing public health issues of our time. While counseling and psychotherapy can be effective treatments, our knowledge about how to conduct successful counseling conversations has been limited due to lack of large-scale data with labeled outcomes of the conversations. In this paper, we present a large-scale, quantitative study on the discourse of text-message-based counseling conversations. We develop a set of novel computational discourse analysis methods to measure how various linguistic aspects of conversations are correlated with conversation outcomes. Applying techniques such as sequence-based conversation models, language model comparisons, message clustering, and psycholinguistics-inspired word frequency analyses, we discover actionable conversation strategies that are associated with better conversation outcomes.
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Lewinski, Allison A., Ruth A. Anderson, Allison A. Vorderstrasse, and Constance M. Johnson. "Developing Methods That Facilitate Coding and Analysis of Synchronous Conversations via Virtual Environments." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 18 (January 1, 2019): 160940691984244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406919842443.
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Programs via the Internet are uniquely positioned to capture qualitative data. One reason is because the Internet facilitates the creation of a community of similar individuals who can exchange information and support related to living with a chronic illness. Synchronous conversations via the Internet can provide insight into real-time social interaction and the exchange of social support. One way to analyze interactions among individuals is by using qualitative methods such as content, conversation, or discourse analysis. This manuscript describes how we used content analysis with aspects from conversation and discourse analysis to analyze synchronous conversations via the Internet to describe what individuals talk about and how individuals talk in an Internet-mediated interaction. With the increase in Internet interventions that facilitate collection of real-time conversational data, this article provides insight into how combining qualitative methods can facilitate the coding and analysis of these complex data.
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Lee, Jee Won. "An analysis of medical conversations between doctors and patients in medical Chinese textbooks." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 20 (October 31, 2022): 683–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.20.683.
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Objectives This study investigates medical conversations in Chinese between doctors and patients in medical Chinese textbooks compiled in Korea from the conversation analytic perspective. Methods This study incorporates a conversation-analytic approach into the design of medical Chinese textbooks. Results The results indicate that medical Chinese textbooks do not properly present information on the conversation structures, rules, and characteristics essential to construct interactive conversations. Conclusions This study suggests that exposing learners to actual conversations is the most effective way to draw attention to the detail in real-life talk-in-interactions. By using authentic spoken language, learners can learn and practice interactional details, including turn-taking, sequences, linguistic features etc. Furthermore, it is important to apply conversation analytic research findings to enable learners to systematically understand, analyze, and communicate fluently in real medical conversations.
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Varonis, Evangeline Marlos, and Susan M. Gass. "Miscommunication in native/nonnative conversation." Language in Society 14, no. 3 (September 1985): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500011295.
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ABSTRACTIn this paper we discuss miscommunication in exchanges between native speakers and nonnative speakers of a language, focusing on an analysis of a service encounter telephone conversation between a nonnative speaker and a native speaker television repair shop employee. We present a goal-based model of conversation and a coding system for interpreting utterances, both of which are necessary for understanding the type of miscommunication which occurred in the conversation described herein. We argue that the lack of shared background on the part of the interlocutors interacted with their lack of shared linguistic code. In general, such interactions hinder successful communication and increase the probability that the miscommunication will not be recognized and thus not easily resolved. We show that a complete analysis of native/nonnative conversations must minimally invoke notions of correct interpretation, confidence in interpretation, goals of a conversation, shared beliefs, and linguistic as well as cultural systems. (Sociolinguistics, nonnative interactions, conversational analysis, American English)
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Al-wossabi, Sami Ali Nasr. "A Conversational Analysis Model for Promoting Practices of Interactional Competence in the EFL Context." International Journal of English Linguistics 6, no. 6 (November 24, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n6p32.
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<p>Formulaic language is a typical feature of textbooks materials used in EFL classes. EFL students are not engaged in the process of recognizing how naturally occurring speech takes place and is carried on. EFL learners in their helpless attempts to converse with others may tend to memorize formulaic fixed expressions and sometimes whole conversations. Following a conversation analysis approach, the present study explores the significance of involving Saudi EFL learners in understanding the flow and structure of spontaneous and interactive conversation. A sample of an excerpt taken from a conversation of an American TV talk show was recorded and transcribed. Practices of interactional competence such as conversational organization, situational characteristics, lexical choices, linguistics devices, and other conventions of speech behavior are identified and then discussed in details. This CA approach is, therefore, meant to serve as a model of salient interactive practices and norms that present the conversational system of actual everyday talk. The purpose is to raise EFL learners’ awareness of the socio-cultural features of real-world communication and enhance their interactional skills necessary to boost their communicative competencies.</p>
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Javeria Waleed, Irfan Abbas, and Samara Akram. "A Study of Relationship between Autists’ Conversational Abilities and GARS-3 Ratings." sjesr 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol5-iss3-2022(50-56).
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Autism is one of those very complex prevailing neurodevelopmental disorders which are very difficult to diagnose. Since the discovery of this disorder, researchers, working in the field of Autism, have been proposing different methodologies to diagnose Autism. These proposals have been coming from the multiple fields. The present study is an attempt to see how insights from the field of conversation analysis can help find a simpler and better method of diagnosing autism. The study contends that Autists’’ ability to construct conversational loops reciprocates to their ratings on the GARS-3 Scale. Firstly, Conversations between eight autistic children and their speech therapists are recorded, transcribed and analyzed by following norms of conversation analysis. Then these results are compared with participants’ ratings on GARS-3 scale. Findings of the study validate researcher’s claim that there do exist a lucid link between conversational abilities of the autists and their scores on the GARS-3 Scale. Through these findings the researcher proposes conversation analysis as a methodology for diagnosing autism.
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MANALU, RAYA FITRI, FAUZIAH KHAIRANI LUBIS, and ANNA RIANA SURYANTI TAMBUNAN. "CONVERSATIONAL ANALYSIS OF SELLING-BUYING IN DOLOK SANGGUL TRADITIONAL MARKET." LINGUISTICA 10, no. 3 (October 8, 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jalu.v10i3.28454.
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The thesis deals with conversational analysis of selling-buying in DolokSanggul traditional market. The objectives of this study were to find out types and most dominant type of turn-taking used in Batak Toba Seller and buyers in DolokSanggul Traditional market. The study was conducted by using desccriptive qualitative method. The data of the study were conversation and interaction between sellers and buyers during the selling-buying process. The data of this study contained 25 conversations. The data analysis were taken by listing and tabulating the data. The data were analyzed based on the theory that proposed by Sack et al (1974) . The findings inducted that there were three types of turn-taking found in Doloksanggul Traditional market . The finding were showed that CS2TNS (48%) SS (20%) and SCS (32%) and the most frequent turn-taking occurred in the conversation among seller and buyer is Current Speaker Select the Next Speaker (C2TNS). The conversation described how participant organize their interaction by distributing turns to the speakers. The transition from turn to next with no gap and no overlap are common occurred.
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Budrudzaman, Mohammad, and Mahmud Hasan Khan. "The Patterns of Sequential Organization of a Person with Asperger Syndrome: A Conversation Analysis." BELTA Journal 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36832/beltaj.2021.0501.02.
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This study documents the patterns of conversational sequential organization, i.e., turn construction unit (TCU), of a person (pseudonym Samy, age 27) with Asperger’s Syndrome (AS). The language data was audio recorded from two naturally occurring conversations (30 and 40 minutes long two different encounters) between the participant and the first author of this paper. Later, the data was transcribed and analyzed by using the tools of conversation analysis (CA). The results revealed the occurrences of unusual prosody, unusual pauses, invalid turns and word-finding difficulties, in the participant’s TCUs. The findings of this research contribute to our knowledge on the interactional patterns of people with AS. It also draws attention to the efficacy of the CA method in investigating conversational structures of atypical people. The findings eventually prepare a dialogue for incorporating conversation analytical methods into clinical approaches to study the persons with AS.
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Suteja, Ricka Putri. "INTERACTIONS IN CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN THREE PEOPLE IN PODCAST: A STUDY OF PRAGMATICS." Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching 5, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/ll.v5i2.4518.
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The interaction process between each party can affect the course of the conversation. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of podcast conversations and the communication style used between two interviewers and one resource person in Catatan Psikologi's podcast entitled Quarter Life Crisis. This study used qualitative methods with a conversational analysis (CA) approach as well as collaborative communication and competitive communication theories. The process of conversations transcription used the conventions written by Du Bois. The results showed minimal response phenomena, interruptions, and overlaps in the conversation, leading to collaborative communication both at the word and sentence. However, the collaborative communication style has a more significant emergence. Based on the analysis above, the parties involved in the communication tried to build togetherness and cooperation which can be seen in the narrative. When one speaker told a story, the others also participated in the conversation by providing minimal responses, showing sympathy, and also comments or opinions.
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Armstrong, Elizabeth, and Lynne Mortensen. "Everyday Talk: Its Role in Assessment and Treatment for Individuals With Aphasia." Brain Impairment 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/brim.7.3.175.
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AbstractThis article discusses the significance of conversation in current clinical practice with individuals with aphasia and their conversation partners. It explores the nature of everyday talk, and provides an overview of how studies to date have examined the conversations of individuals with aphasia and have provided some promising treatment avenues. It also proposes another framework, Speech Function Analysis, that may assist further in incorporating conversational principles into the therapy context. The framework provides a system network for examining speech functions in dialogue, while considering the effects of both lexical and syntactic limitations, and context. Examples of conversations between three individuals with aphasia and their partners are used to illustrate the analysis. The authors suggest that further knowledge of both aphasic speakers' and their partners' interactions as well as clinician–client interactions may increase our insights into this area, and make authentic and meaningful conversation more accessible in the clinical situation and beyond.
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Kiesel, Johannes, Lars Meyer, Martin Potthast, and Benno Stein. "Meta-Information in Conversational Search." ACM Transactions on Information Systems 39, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3468868.
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The exchange of meta-information has always formed part of information behavior. In this article, we show that this rule also extends to conversational search. Information about the user’s information need, their preferences, and the quality of search results are only some of the most salient examples of meta-information that are exchanged as a matter of course in a search conversation. To understand the importance of meta-information for conversational search, we revisit its definition and survey how meta-information has been taken into account in the past in information retrieval. Meta-information has gone by many names, about which a concise overview is provided. An in-depth analysis of the role of meta-information in search and conversation theories reveals that they provide significant support for the importance of meta-information in conversational search. We further identify conversational search datasets are suitable for a deeper inspection with regard to meta-information, namely, Spoken Conversational Search and Microsoft Information-Seeking Conversations. A quantitative data analysis demonstrates the practical significance of meta-information in information-seeking conversations, whereas a qualitative analysis shows the effects of exchanging different types. Finally, we discuss practical applications and challenges of meta-information in conversational search, including a case study of VERSE, an existing search system for the visually impaired.
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Clarfeld, Laurence A., Robert Gramling, Donna M. Rizzo, and Margaret J. Eppstein. "A general model of conversational dynamics and an example application in serious illness communication." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): e0253124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253124.
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Conversation has been a primary means for the exchange of information since ancient times. Understanding patterns of information flow in conversations is a critical step in assessing and improving communication quality. In this paper, we describe COnversational DYnamics Model (CODYM) analysis, a novel approach for studying patterns of information flow in conversations. CODYMs are Markov Models that capture sequential dependencies in the lengths of speaker turns. The proposed method is automated and scalable, and preserves the privacy of the conversational participants. The primary function of CODYM analysis is to quantify and visualize patterns of information flow, concisely summarized over sequential turns from one or more conversations. Our approach is general and complements existing methods, providing a new tool for use in the analysis of any type of conversation. As an important first application, we demonstrate the model on transcribed conversations between palliative care clinicians and seriously ill patients. These conversations are dynamic and complex, taking place amidst heavy emotions, and include difficult topics such as end-of-life preferences and patient values. We use CODYMs to identify normative patterns of information flow in serious illness conversations, show how these normative patterns change over the course of the conversations, and show how they differ in conversations where the patient does or doesn’t audibly express anger or fear. Potential applications of CODYMs range from assessment and training of effective healthcare communication to comparing conversational dynamics across languages, cultures, and contexts with the prospect of identifying universal similarities and unique “fingerprints” of information flow.
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Lestary, Agustina, Ninuk Krismanti, and Yulieda Hermaniar. "Interruptions and Silences in Conversations: A Turn-Taking Analysis." PAROLE: Journal of Linguistics and Education 7, no. 2 (October 16, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/parole.v7i2.64.
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This study is set to investigate the purposes behind interruptions and the meanings of silences in conversations. The data are taken from three casual conversations among friends. To analyze the data, the recorded conversations are first transcribed based on Jefferson’s the Glossary of Transcript Symbols (Jefferson, 2004). The transcribed conversations are analyzed using turn-taking approach in Conversation Analysis. To interpret the results of analysis, inferential method is applied. As the findings, the writers find that speakers interrupt for two purposes: to complete turns and to cut them. To go deeper, speakers interrupt when they have shared knowledge and/or similar perspective on something. In terms of silence, the meanings behind it are highly dependent on what are uttered prior to or after the occurrence of silence. Silences can indicate topic switch, speaker’s wish to continue the same topic, and disagreement. In a conversation, silences lead to awkward situations among speakers and show troubles in conversation flows.
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Saifudin, Akhmad. "Implikatur Percakapan dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik (Conversational Implicature in Pragmatic Linguistic Studies)." JALABAHASA 16, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36567/jalabahasa.v16i1.423.
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Tulisan ini membahas implikatur percakapan, yakni sebuah studi dalam ilmu linguistik pragmatik yang mengkaji maksud penutur dalam percakapan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan apa itu implikatur percakapan, bagaimana mengidentifikasi dan memaknai implikatur, serta mengapa penutur menggunakan implikatur dalam tuturannya. Untuk mengkaji permasalahan digunakan teori Grice tentang prinsip kerja sama (PK), maksim percakapan (MP), dan implikatur percakapan. Data percakapan diperoleh dari observasi percakapan natural antara penulis dan mahasiswa, serta percakapan di antara mahasiswa yang terjadi di lingkungan kampus. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya dalam setiap percakapan digunakan implikatur. Implikatur digunakan bukan karena tidak ingin bekerja sama dalam percakapan, tetapi ada alasan yang lebih diprioritaskan dan alasan tersebut tidak dapat mematuhi semua maksim dalam MP. Implikatur percakapan digunakan untuk tujuan efisiensi verbal, pengalihan tanpa berbohong, kesopanan, dan tujuan estetika, serta ironi. This paper discusses the conversational implicature, which is a study in pragmatic linguistics that examines the intent of speakers in conversation. The purpose of this paper is to describe what the conversational implicature is, how to identify and interpret the implicature, and why do speakers want to engage in implicature. To study the problem Grice's theory of the cooperative principle, maxims of conversation, and the conversational implicature are used. Conversation data is obtained from observations of natural conversations between writers and students, as well as conversations between students that occur on campus. The results of the analysis show that basically in every conversation the implicature is used; The implicature is used not because they do not want to cooperate in conversation, but because there are prioritized reasons and those reasons cannot comply with all maxims in maxims of conversation. The conversationalimplicature is used for the purpose of verbal efficiency, misleading to lying, politeness, and aesthetic purposes, as well as irony.
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Bocerean, Christine, and Michel Musiol. "Mutual understanding mechanism in verbal exchanges between carers and multiply-disabled young people." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 19, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.19.2.01boc.
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The present article describes a study in which conversation analysis was used to investigate the verbal interactions between carers and profoundly multiply disabled young people. We examine the cognitive processes that come into play in conversations, and describe and analyze the interactional effects of pathologies on the cognitive processes involved in comprehension. We identify the rationality and reasoning processes to which the disabled person is susceptible, that is to say, that person’s cognitive efficiency, and the communication strategies employed by the “normal” interlocutor. The corpus, which was gathered at a specialist institute in France, consists of video recordings of interactions between a multiply disabled young person and one or more carers. In total, thirteen conversations involving six different young people were recorded. Analysis of the characteristics of the conversational exchanges revealed that conversational exchanges are based on two very precise modes of interaction that foster the mutual understanding process. Learning outcomes: These two modes of interaction represent exchange structures that favor the emergence of mutual understanding and that reveal the multiply disabled person’s cognitive efficiency in the conversation. We highlight the role of repetition as a conversation repair and we discuss the relationship between the carer and the disabled person.
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Xie, Guo. "Coherence in Chinese Conversation." Learning & Education 10, no. 3 (November 7, 2021): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v10i3.2460.
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Conversational analysis, as a branch of spoken discourse analysis, is to investigate the way that conversation works in practice. Relevant studies on the adjacency pairs in conversational analysis aim to explore the discourse coherence. To probe into the coherence in Chinese conversation in a further way, this paper investigates how a chain of adjacency pairs functions in Chinese conversation.
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Galinskaitė, Reda. "Agreement strategy in youth conversations: functions and expression." Lietuvių kalba, no. 5 (December 28, 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2011.22796.
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Applying the method of conversation analysis, the article investigates the functions and expression of the strategy of agreement in friendly conversations of Lithuanian youngsters. The analysis is based on one boys' conversation (duration – 1 hour and 50 minutes), one girls' conversation (2 hours and 2 minutes) and two mixed-type conversations (2 hours). Their total duration is 5 hours and 52 minutes.The analysis has demonstrated that one can perform the following functions in conversations by means of agreement: a) to support, justify the speaker; b) to defend and intercede the speaker or to let one's interlocutor defend him/herself; c) to mock at a person who is not participating in the conversation; d) to support the interlocutor's idea.The strategies of agreement depend on the type of conversation: in the conversations among boys and in mixed conversations it is common to mock at persons who are not participating in the conversation; in the case of conversations among girls the strategy is usually employed when one wants to support the interlocutor's idea.Agreement in Lithuanian youth conversations may be expressed in the following ways: a) by brief utterances showing reaction; b) by repeating the speaker's utterance; c) by finishing the speaker's utterance; d) by an example; e) by a compliment.The expression of the strategies of agreement is also related to the type of conversation: in boys' conversation it is most likely to express agreement by such phrases as ne, tai taip ("yeah, of course so"); ne, tai jo ("yeah, certainly") and the like; in same-sex conversations both boys and girls tend to strengthen the agreement by such words as aišku ("of course"), būtent ("exactly"), iš tikrųjų ("indeed") etc; in girls' dialogues agreement is often expressed by finishing the interlocutor's utterance or providing an example; in very rare cases in girls' conversation agreement is expressed by a compliment.
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Goodwin, Charles, and John Heritage. "Conversation Analysis." Annual Review of Anthropology 19, no. 1 (October 1990): 283–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001435.
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Gardner, Rod. "Conversation analysis." Spoken Interaction Studies in Australia 11 (January 1, 1994): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.11.05gar.
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Abstract The first part of this paper presents the view that ordinary conversation is the most basic form of talk, and that Conversation Analysis (CA) in the ethnomethodological tradition, whilst widely known in Australian applied linguistics, has been very little used here as a set of research tools. The distinctiveness of the CA approach is presented, and it is argued that CA has the potential to make a more substantial contribution to applied linguistic research than it has hitherto. Second, the paper considers how some basic CA research – into receipt tokens such as mm, yeah, oh and others in Australian English – might be applied to a language teaching, and specifically into the development of teaching materials in an adult ESL context. It is argued that CA has the potential for wider application in Australian applied linguistics alongside some of the more widespread and better known qualitative research methods.
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Schiffrin, Deborah. "Conversation Analysis." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 11 (March 1990): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500001926.
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Discourse analysis is widely recognized as one of the most far-reaching, but also one of the least well defined, areas in linguistic. One reason for this is that discourse itself has has often been defined in two different ways: as a unit of language that is larger than the sentence, and as the use of language. Whereas the former definition focuses attention mostly on the linguistic regularities characterizing texts, the latter definition focuses attention mostly on the social and cultural functions underlying ways of speaking. Despite these two different foci, many who analyze discourse combine the two concerns, analyzing how the linguistic regularities found in ways of speaking are constrained not only by the structures and patterns inherent in the language, but also by the social and cultural meanings which frame the production and interpretation of messages.
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Chatwin, John. "Conversation analysis." Complementary Therapies in Medicine 12, no. 2-3 (June 2004): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2004.07.042.
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Amalia, Aji Rizki. "AN ANALYSIS OF CONVERSATION STRUCTURE IN LITTLE BIG SHOT AMERICA." LEAD (Language, Education and Development) 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.lead.2022.2.1.5475.
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Conversation analysis is used to analyze conversation among people. It can be done from the point of view of conversational structure and also part of conversation. This mini research focuses on the conversational structure and strategy used in conversation. Two main focuses on the research are global structure and Local structure. Global structure is overall organization of conversation, which is opening, body and closing. Local structure consists of the use of turn-taking strategy, the existence of adjacency pairs and how the speakers give feedback. The object of the study is talent talk show Little Big Shot America, in season 1, episode 1. There were many researches about conversation analysis with TV show as the object study. But this study is different because the show involves kids as the guest. It leads to the result that many strategies used in conversation different from the strategy which involves both adults as the speaker and audience. Although there are many strategies used in the show, the host mostly used Turn-claiming strategy to keep the floor and to let the kids “return” to the turn that they are engaged. It happened because kids often move from one turn to another, jumping from one topic to another one.
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Baik, Jeongyi, and Youngsan Goo. "A Study on Conversational Context Sensitivity Development Education." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 45, no. 9 (September 30, 2023): 1179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2023.09.45.09.1179.
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This study focused on the context as the cause of communicators’ misunderstandings or insufficient grasps of events in conversations. We suggested that learners should actively and elaborately utilize the conversation context through classroom experiences dealing with conversational context. Contextualizing activity was highlighted as a constructive expressive and understanding act of learners, context sensitivity was presented as an object of the activity, and oral communication context for education was explored and displayed as a model. Continually, through conversation analysis in drama, we described characters who are and are not contextually sensitive: objective information about the interlocutor, information based on the relationship, background knowledge related to the conversation, and clues of conversation situation. Learners' doing contextualizing and cultivating context sensitivity with texts including authentic context, can help deepen their understanding of you and me, beyond understanding language and its mechanism.
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Sudartinah, Titik. "A Conversation Analysis of Two-year-old Children’s Speech in Child-Adult Interactions." Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 7, no. 3 (June 20, 2023): 3345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.4586.
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Social interactions with adults around them are the main exposures to language that children receive, and these contribute significantly to their development. In response to this, this article examines the participation of two-year-old children in conversations with adults, aimed at describing the parties initiating conversation topics and identifying the structure of the conversations. The research used a qualitative method in the form of a case study, involving 5 children aged two years and their parents as participants. The data were collected through recorded natural conversations between children and parents. The results show that topics in child-adult interactions can be initiated by both parties. Furthermore, children have been able to build a complete conversational structure, consisting of opening, turn-taking, and closing. Several components of turn-taking, such as adjacency pairs and repairs are well performed. These findings suggest that, despite their limited language production, children at the age of two can actively participate in building and developing conversations with their interlocutors.
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Fajar, Syams, Farouk Imam Arrasyid, and Haira Rizka. "The Adjacency Pairs in EFL Virtual Classes: A Conversation Analysis." FLIP: Foreign Language Instruction Probe 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54213/flip.v2i2.285.
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There are many variations in the conversation between students and lecturers. The conversation between those two parties in classroom tend to be in one way or teacher-centered. This study employs conversation analysis of adjacency pairs. There have been many studies that analysis the use of adjacency pairs in a conversation, but there are no ones that focus on virtual platform. This study aims to find out adjacency pairs in conversations between a lecturer and students in the EFL virtual class. In conducting the study, researchers employed qualitative research method. The data used in this study were words in the form of recordings from virtual meetings at the EFL speaking virtual class at IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon. The recording was transcribed and the data were analyzed using textual analysis. The finding of this research shows 12 adjacency pairs that emerge from the conversation. Finally, this study can be a practical guidliness for teachers, lecturers, and students who are interested in type of adjacency pairs and communicative functions in EFL class. Moreover, this study provides new references to translators and researchers because it analyzes conversations in virtual space.
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Yonata, Fadhila. "Negotiation of Meaning of Indonesian EFL Learners in Casual Conversation: An SFL Study." ELE Reviews: English Language Education Reviews 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ele-reviews.v1i1.3528.
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Communicative interaction is demanded by all levels of EFL learners. To prepare them to comply with this purpose, engaging them to deal with the real-life conversation using the target language may have beneficial effects on their second language acquisition process. However, the way learners negotiating meaning in an understandable way and how they position themselves as the appropriate role of the speakers are still rarely studied, especially in the Indonesian teaching and learning context. This study aims to reveal what type of commodity is being exchanged by graduate learners (3 females and 1 male) when they are assigned to have an unplanned casual conversation. The study further analyzes the nature of the exchange structure of EFL learners' casual conversation seen from the Systemic Functional Linguistics perspective. The data were taken from audio recordings of casual conversations and then transcribed as the written data. The conversation was then divided into clauses as the unit of analysis. In employing a spoken discourse analysis framework, interactive analysis was implemented to discover exchange structure. The results show the exchanged commodity is information through statements. It indicates that as magister students, they always show their knowledge off, and intimacy sometimes matters as the reason for informative conversations. The speakers' role also has been successfully achieved by the speakers since their ability to position themselves as initiators or responders to keep the conversational flow.
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GELAGA, JANINE SATORRE. "Turn-Taking Strategies of Secretary Harry Roque as a Presidential Spokesperson: A Conversation Analysis." AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal 5 (August 5, 2023): 90–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.56648/aide-irj.v5i1.89.
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This research aimed to analyze the conversation style used by former Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque in political interviews. Specifically, it aims to determine the turn-taking strategies used by former Sec. In political interviews, Roque identifies corresponding pragmatic power relations based on the dominant turn-taking strategies employedbyformer Sec. Inpoliticalinterviews, Roqueascertainstheoverallconversational style portrayed by former Sec. Roque, and glean the conversational style used by Sec. Roque. To achieve these, a descriptive research design was utilized. Five political interviews featuring Roque with accumulated airtime of three hours were transcribed to acquire on-hand data from the conversations. The conversation analysis revealed that Spokesperson Roque employed dominant turn-taking strategies such as overlapping, directness, and indirectness to control the conversation and assert his authority. He did not conform to the traditional manner of politicians, as he was straightforward in his utterances and did not use evasion when asked questions. Spokesperson Roque’s conversation style aimed to command attention, assert authority, talk upfront, and talk longer in political interviews. However, this style aligns differently with the mandate of being a spokesperson as promulgated in Executive Order No. 4, 2010, which emphasizes information sharing and trust building. Notably, Spokesperson Roque’s conversation style was like that of former President Duterte, which highlights the critical role that Presidential Spokespersons play in shaping public perception of the President and their administration. This study underscores the importance of understanding the complex dynamics that govern the relationships between Presidential Spokespersons and the leaders they serve, particularly in modern political communication.
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Tang, Ziyue. "Analysis of Conversational Interaction in the Listening Discourse of Test for English Majors-8." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): 1647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1112.17.
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Conversational interaction analysis is a method of analyzing the content and structure of the words spoken by both parties in a conversation. The listening discourse of TEM-8 has not only the basic characteristics of daily conversation discourse, but also its special features as a selective examination. This paper applies a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, encompassing the perspectives of the construction and transformation of turn, the sequential organization of the conversation, and the repair of conversation, to carry out conversational interaction analysis on listening discourse materials of the TEM-8 in 2011, 2015 and 2019. The results revealed that candidates need to grasp the topic, match questions with answers, capture details, and pay attention to the role change, tone and repair of the conversation, as well as strengthen listening training, so that they can do well in TEM-8 exams.