Academic literature on the topic 'Contructivist Approach'

This paper analyzes the relationship between corruption and realization of human rights in a specific case, the realization of the right to education by utilizing human rights standards concerning the right to education as the parameter of human rights realization. An Indonesian case law about corruption of Bantuan Operasional Sekolah funds in Malang is selected as primary legal data in this paper to provide empirical evidence one of the cases of corruption in education sector. Norm entrepreneurship as part of contructivist theory is selected to explain the phenomenon of emerging scholarly studies and discussion about corruption as a violation of human rights and this paper aims to draw the link between corruption and its negative impact to the realization of human rights in case analysis.

Biology learning as one of subjects demand the understanding of concept, because in Biology learning, students are faced with abstact feature. Teachers need to lead student through the meaningful of learning. They experienced themselves. As a result, they can apply the knowledge in daily life. Thus, the use of biology learning which oriented constructivism approach is expected to increase students’ activities and learning outcomes. This research is the development of 3-D models (tree D). aims to produce learning modules ninth grade biology-oriented constructivism on the human reproductive system materials are effective. The technique analysis data of this research used validation sheet, practical and effective modules. The Data analysis techniques used in the form of descriptive data, by describing the practicality of using biological learning modules through a constructivsm approach. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that the learning module on biology material human reproductive system through a contructivist approach including effective categories consideration in terms of aspects student activities, student motivation, the result of learning.

In this increasingly advanced era the ability to reason for students is very important in understanding the material pr concepts of mathematics. But in reality many students have difficulty understanding mathematical material or concepts, so the results are not optimal. One way to improve mathematical reasoning ability is to use a contructivism approach, using this contructivism approach students can build, discover, understand, transform, and revise to get solution to the prablems given. Students reasoning abilities can be seen from the results of tests in working on problem solving questions that are based on mathematical reasoning indicators. Our research aims to describe the ability of mathematical reasoning of high, medium and low ability students to SMPN 01 Dau Kab. Malang. The type of research used by researchers used were three students, 1 high ability students, 1 moderate ability student, and 1 low ability students. Data retrieval that researchers do is by giving problem solving test (TPM) questions to these three subject. After that, interviews were conducted on each subject.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan onstruktivisme terhadap hasil belajar IPA di kelas V SD Kota Padang. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Kota Padang dengan teknik penentuan sampel secara jenuh, yaitu pengambilan anggota sampel dari populasi dilakukan secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata yang ada dalam populasi, kelas A sebagai kelas eksperimen menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme, dan kelas B sebagai kelas control menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional, dengan rancangan penelitian posttest only control design. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan tes hasil belajar berupa soal objektif sebanyak 16 butir soal, data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t. berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terlihat bahwa dan dan taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan pengujian maka hipotesis atau H1 diterima. Dari hasil penelitian terbukti bahwa penggunaan pendekatan konstruktivisme memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA di kelas V SD Kota Padang Tahun ajaran 2017/2018.Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Pendekatan Konstruktivisme, Hasil Belajar IPA Abstrac: This study aims to determine the effect of using constructivism approach to science learning outcomes in class V SDN 33 Kalumbuk Padang City. The population of this research is the students of grade V SDN 33 Kalumbuk Padang with sample determination technique is saturated sample, that is taking of sample member from the population is done randomly without considering the strata that exist in population, class A as experiment class using constructivism approach and class B as control using conventional learning, with a post-test only control design study design. Data collection in this research is using test result of learning in the form of objective matter as much as 16 items, the data obtained is analyzed by using test. Based on the result of this research show that and and significant level 5%. Based on the then hypothesis or H1 accepted. From the result of research proved that the use of contructivism approach gives effect to science learning outcomes in class V SDN 33 Kalumbuk City of Padang academic year 2017/2018Keywords: Influence, Contructivism Approach, Learning Result of Science .

This study provides an analysis of traditional leadership model in managing plural society. This study sees the whole pattern formed in a very pluralistic society susuru. Although very pluralistic, the society is able to create the harmony conditions in social life. A qualitative ethnography is applied as the method of analysis. The research approach uses contructivism which develop the idea through data to produce a complete picture of the reasearch focus. The result indicates that the leadership style applies a model of charismatic and traditional authority in Susuru. Power and popularity are obtained through leadership ability in leading the religious rituals. The role of the leader is not only for religious issue, but also for a social escalation. The respect for diversity is more influenced by leader’s ability to manage potential conflict. A local model, duduluran, appear in the effort to establish peace among these differences.

The village Bokonusan is the location on the Semau Island and the district of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Norma and refers to the contructual obligations between members of society in accordance with the rules of the costums, trust that refer to expectation and goals together in building in accordance with the values of mutual cooperation of solidarity of the community. As for the porpouse of research to, give me a description of application of the local Dale Esa in the life together in the village Bokonusan, as well as explain the elements of what is contained in the wisdom of Dale Esa as social capital in communities Bokonusan village. The method used is a qualitatve and approach to the contructivism oh the research descriptive aksplanative. Interwoven ily tradition, a marriege, birth, death, a new garden work (teh management of the land) and conflic resolution. The application of valeu to keep in daily life as from of social interaction. In the wisdom of Dale Esa the cooperation between the community refers to social relationships between societies so that, the social network, the obligation, prohibition, the rigth have, between members of the community to help each other as a from social norm, the emergance of the hope and goals together to build together as result the trust.

This research is a classroom action research with the aim to improve student learning result of SMPN 18 Sigi toward SPLDV. An alternative action used to achieve that goal by applying Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach which is a learning that relate material to real life situation both in groups and individuals which concists 0f 7 components, namely : (1) Contructivisme, (2) Quistioning, (3) Inquiry, (4) learning community, (5) modelling, (6) reflection, (7) authentic assessment. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII E SMPN 18 Sigi. The design of this study using the model Kemis and Mc Taggart consisting of the planning, action, observasion, and reflection. Based on the results of research shows that the learning activities have been running well and have increased in every cycle. This can be seen from the percentage of classical learning mastery. In the final test of cycle I reached the average student scoe of 72.22 % and in the final test of cycle II increased to 83.33% in good qualification.

Abstract: Education is one of the important factors in human life, society and the nation in an effort to improve welfare, skills and skills towards a better direction. With education, it is hoped that it can give birth to people who are better able to build themselves, society and the nation. Various learning approaches have been widely discussed and implemented in teaching and learning activities, but the process and results have not been as expected by the goals of education and teaching. One of the learning approaches that are trying to be offered to eliminate this problem is the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach. The CTL approach is a learning concept that helps teachers link the material being taught with students' real-world situations and encourages students to be able to contain the relationship between their knowledge and its application in their daily lives. In its application, the CTL approach has seven main components, namely (1) constructivism, (2) inquiry, (3) questioning, (4) learning community, (5) modeling, (6) reflection, and (7) the actual assessment (authentic assessment). Through the CTL approach, the knowledge and skills that students acquire are a construction of the student's experience. Abstrak Pendidikan merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia, masyarakat dan bangsa dalam usaha meningkatkan kesejahteraan, kecakapan dan keterampilan menuju kearah yang lebih baik. Dengan pendidikan diharapkan dapat melahirkan manusia yang lebih mampu membangun dirinya sendiri, masyarakat dan bangsa. Berbagai pendekatan pembelajaran sudah banyak di diskusikan dan dilaksanakan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, tetapi proses dan hasilnya belum seperti yang diharapkan oleh tujuan pendidikan dan pengajaran. Salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang coba ditawarkan untuk mengeliminasi persoalan tersebut adalah pendekatan Contexttual Teaching and Learning (CTL). Pendekatan CTL adalah konsep pembelajaran yang membantu guru mengaitkan antara materi yang diajarkan dengan situasi dunia nyata siswa dan mendorong siswa agar dapat memuat hubungan antara pengetahuan yang dimiliki dengan penerapannya dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Dalam penerapanna, ppendekatan CTL mempunyai tujuh komponen utama, yaitu (1) konstrukttivisme (contructivisme), (2) menemukan (inquiry), (3) bertanya ( questioning), (4) masyarakat/ kelompok belajar (learning community), (5) pemodelan ( modeling), (6) refleksi ( reflection), dan (7) penilaian yang sebenarnya (authentic assesmen). Melalui pendekatan CTL tersebut, pengetahuan dan ketrampilan yang diperoleh siswa merupakan kontruksi dari pengalaman siswa yang bersangkutan.

Perum Perhutani Divisi Regional Jawa Barat dan Banten merupakan perusahaan atau instansi yang melaksanakan Human Relations melalui kegiatan informal, kegiatan informal tersebut dilakukan oleh Unit Seksi Humas dan Protokoler pada Bidang Ekspert Madya Komunikasi dan Pelaporan. Peneliti tertarik melakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk menetahui bagaimana gambaran impelementasi Human Relations melalui kegiatan informal di Perum Perhutani. Paradigma yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konstruktivisme yang bertujuan untuk memaknai makna-makna yang diungkapkan informan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian secara utuh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus, karena penulis ingin mengetahi aspek “how” dan “why”yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik setiap manusia dengan cara berinteraksi secara langsung dan mendalam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Human Relations melalui kegiatan informal tersebut menggunakan konsep POAC yaitu perencanaan (Planning), pengorganisasian (Organizing), pelaksanaan (Actuating), dan pengawasan (Controling), sehingga dalam kegiatan informal di Perum Perhutani menerapkan atau mengimplementasi Human Relations melalui kegiatan informal tersebut dengan sebaik mungkin. Implementasi yang tercipta di Perum Perhutani dapat menciptakan kenyamanan, merasa dihargai dalam melaksanakan setiap pekerjaan, sehingga dapat dipahami pula bahwa implementasi Human Relations melalui kegiatan informal di Perum Perhutani telah dilaksanakan dengan baik sehingga dapat menciptakan serta meningkatan produktivitas dalam bekerja. Perum Perhutani Regional Division of West Java and Banten is a company or agency that carries out Human Relations through informal activities, informal activities are carred out by the Public Relations and protocol section unit in the field of experts in intermediate communication and reporting. Researchers are interested in doing this research with the aim to find out how the descripyion of Human Relations implementation through informal activities in Perhutani Public Division West Java and Banten Regional Division through the concept of POAC from planning, organizing, implementing to monitoring (controlling) the activity. The paradigm used in this study is contructivism which aims to interpret the meanings expressed by informants. The approach used is a qualitative approach that aims to understand the phenomenon experienced by the research subject in its entirety. The method used in this study is a case study, because the author wants to know the “how” and “why” aspects that aim to find out the caracteristics of each human being by interacting directly and deeply. Based on the results of the study showed that the implementation of Human Relations throught informal activities using the consept of POAC namely planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling, so that in informal activities in the Perhutani public corporate to implement Human Relations throught informal activites as well as possibl. The implementation created in Perum Perhutani can create comfort, feel valued in carrying out every job, so that it can be understood also that the implementation of Human Relations throught informal activites in Perum Perhutani has been carried out properly so as to create and improve productivity in work.

Abstract. The growth of the fashion industry is currently growing rapidly due to the increasing consumptive behavior of the community creates a fast fashion culture. With this behavior, it can increase the production of textile waste which will have a negative impact on the ecosystem for environmental sustainability in the long term. As a form of social responsibility PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia has a CSR program that cannot be separated from the role of Public Relations in it. This research aims to determind and analyze the role of Public Relations in implementation of CSR activities of The Brodo Lestari Project at PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia. The paradigm used is the Contructivism-Interpretivism paradigm. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach, with the theory used to discuss this research is using the Theory of Public Relations Functions from Betrand R Canfield, and the source is determined based on purposive sampling techniques. The resource person of this research are Community Manager, Public Relations and the RnD team. With data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are by data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. In testing the validity of the data the author uses data triangulation. The results showed that the role of Public Relations PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia is very important in Sustainable Project activities as a form of public service by issuing responsible products to preserve the environment for the long term. CSR Activities of PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia is carried out over a long period of time or for the sake of preserving the environment around the company. Abstrak. Pertumbuhan industri fashion saat ini berkembang sangat pesat dikarenakan meningkatnya perilaku konsumtif masyarakat sehingga tercipta budaya fast fashion. Dengan perilaku tersebut dapat meningkatkan produksi limbah tekstil yang akan menimbulkan dampak buruk bagi ekosistem kelestarian lingkungan dalam jangka panjang. Sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab sosial PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia memiliki program CSR yang tak lepas dari peran Public Relations didalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis mengenai peran Public Relations dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan CSR program Proyek Lestari Brodo di PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia. Paradigma yang dipakai adalah paradigma Contructivism-Interpretivism. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan teori yang digunakan untuk membahas penelitian ini ialah menggunakan Teori Fungsi Public Relations dari Betrand R Canfield, dan narasumber ditentukan berdasarkan teknik penarikan purposive sampling. Narasumber dari penelitian ini adalah Community Manager, Public Relations, dan Tim RnD. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarik kesimpulan. Dalam uji keabsahan data penulis menggunakan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peran Public Relations PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia sangat penting dalam aktivitas Proyek Lestari sebagai bentuk pengabdian terhadap publik dengan mengeluarkan produk yang bertanggung jawab demi menjaga kelestarian lingkungan untuk jangka panjang. Kegiatan CSR PT. Brodo Ganesha Indonesia ini dilaksanakan dalam kurun waktu yang lama atau berjangka panjang demi kelestarian lingkungan sekitar perususahaan.

‘Every human conduct that is not totally impulsive or just routine mechanics seems to be guided by an evaluation process’ (Dewey, 1939). Switching away from this individual definition of evaluation, the thesis acknowledges the definition given by OECD-DAC and focus the experimentation of well-known multicriteria decision aiding methodologies for ex-ante assessment in a specific development cooperation case study. Chapters 1 and 2, resume the structured bibliographic that has been conducted in order to identify an updated sample of literature about evaluation in development cooperation. During the evolution of the sector, several approaches and methodologies have been conceived and are continuously developing in order to match the variety of evaluanda and contexts. So, three main approaches can be defined, still keeping in mind that they are interlaced in their mutual evolution: the “Positivist-Experimental”, the “Pragmatist-Quality” and the “Constructive-Social Process” approaches group the contributions of several authors, ranging from the more theoretical philosophical basis to the development of specific methodologies and practical techniques. The reality of human development today, as defined by UN through SDGs, requests a multifaceted approach that is capable of mixing the existing approaches, methodologies and techniques. Pluralism of values and focus on the real use of evaluation results through participatory knowledge management are the key elements of the “Constructivist-Social Process approach” which is gaining attention in development cooperation evaluation systems. The literature review took in consideration the state of art of governmental and non-governmental organizations for worldwide and brought to the conclusion that ESs are nowadays in the middle of a renovation process which is far from being concluded. For this reason, we worked in order to provide new insights about sound methodologies able to integrate the different paradigms and methodologies in order to keep methodological robustness and allow a transformative evaluation process to take place in a specific case study. Chapter 3 frames our case study that is located in the Diocese of Goma, Nord Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. The framework for this case study is provided by a 3-year EU-funded project called ARDST ‘Appui au retour de réfugiés et déplacés par le biais de la sécurisation de terres en Diocèse de Goma’, led by Caritas Development Goma NGO. The project started in February 2016 and ended in June 2019. In this context our research group was asked to lead a strategic sectoral evaluation. The aim of the evaluation was to inform the choice of interventions meant to trigger sustainable agricultural development in the Diocese of Goma. Chapters 4 to 6 report the pre-print version of three scientific papers issued from the research. Chapter 4 deals with the sketching of a spatial decision support system aimed at Multi-Criteria Evaluation of potential pilot sites for agricultural development and refugees’ resettlement. Land disputes are considered both key sources and perpetuating factors of conflict in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Existing literature demonstrates that remote sensing is a useful tool for systematically monitor the spatial-temporal land use/land cover dynamics in many regions of the world. For this reason, in this Chapter we propose a methodology for the integration of different sources of information, namely satellite imagery and census information, in order to set up multi-method approach for evidence-based decision-making in development cooperation. Chapter 5 deals with the use of a simplified multicriteria decision-making methodology and namely the application of a simplified form of pairwise ranking (SPWR). International Aid initiatives involve complex real-world decision-making problems in all their relevant phases. Agri-environmental and generally landscape-scale issues are the typical target of participative decision-making procedures as they involve community resources planning. To successfully solve the complex real-world problems multi-criteria group decision-making approaches are recognized as reliable and effective. Main research questions are : What are the priorities for intervention in order to achieve sustainable development of the agricultural sector in the case study? Is SPWR a sound technique to prioritize different alternatives for intervention while improving group consensus in real-world complex cases? SPWR was found to be a useful technique for eliciting discussion among a multidisciplinary group for pointing out and discuss inconsistencies in decision makers’ preferences. Moreover, the final group ranking matches the existing guidelines for sustainable agricultural development in the region demonstrating that SPWR is a sound technique for prioritization of alternatives in the fields of agricultural development and international aid. Chapter 6 deals with the use of a modified form of analytic hierarchy process, namely the participatory analytic hierarchy process (PAHP), as a tool for choice criteria elicitation and resource allocation in the framework of our case study. In the field of international aid the participatory approaches to assessment, research, management and budgeting have been widely studied and applied in the last decades, mostly because international aid initiatives, in all their relevant phases from planning through implementation, monitoring and evaluation, are faced with the problem of identifying initiatives that could be successfully and sustainably implemented. During our research, we were able to make use of most frequent inconsistencies in pairwise comparison matrixes in order to stimulate the debate, to adjust local preferences and to build consensus across the group. From an operational point of view, the PAHP methodology was also suited for training the project team and for identifying a shared resource allocation pattern, which matches the existing international guidelines for agricultural development in the region. Finally, in Chapter 7, we use the results of our research to support the proposal of the wider use of the experimented evaluation approaches and methodologies as tools for fostering the diffusion of evaluation culture in development cooperation, which in turns is a key objective to foster the impact of interventions aiming sustainability. In fact, in development cooperation, the dissemination at all levels of a culture of evaluation and the construction of solid, adaptive and inclusive feedback and decision-making systems are seen as possible solutions to the everlasting doubt about development cooperation impact. In our research, we experimented a methodological approach and some specific multicriteria participatory techniques that should be taken into account when trying to link in a completely interconnected chain, the cooperation results on different scales and to evaluate, both ex-ante and ex-post, its overall contribution towards the SDGs.