Journal articles on the topic 'Controversial fiction'
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1
Klebes, Martin. "If Worlds Were Stories." Konturen 2, no. 1 (October 11, 2010): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/uo/konturen.2.1.1346.
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The metaphysics of possible worlds proposed by the analytic philosopher David K. Lewis offers an account of fictional discourse according to which possible worlds described in fiction are just as real as the actual world. In an inspired reversal of the analysis of literary fictions by such philosophical means, the French poet Jacques Roubaud makes direct reference to Lewis’ controversial ontological picture in two cycles of elegies composed between 1986 and 1990. Roubaud’s poems take up the idea of possible worlds as real entities, and at the same time they challenge the notion that philosophy could offer an account of fiction in which the puzzling collision of the possible with the impossible that fundamentally characterizes the phenomenon of fictionality would be seamlessly unravelled. For Roubaud the lyrical genre of the elegy and its thematic concern with love and death stands as a prime indicator of the quandary that results from our inability to solve paradoxes of modality such as those raised by Lewis in strictly theoretical terms.
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E. Campos, Rebeca. "Philanthropic classism: americanization as a controversial rite of passage in Anzia Yezierska’s fiction." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 23 (2019): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2019.i23.04.
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Padovani, Laurent. "Soumission, le roman de la conversion Houellebecq, le réel et la fiction." Intercâmbio: Revue d’Études Françaises=French Studies Journal, no. 14 (2021): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/0873-366x/int14a2.
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Houellebecq’s fiction isdiscussed, contested and critiqued, not only as a series of aesthetic objects but alsoin political, ideological or moral terms. This contribution is an invitation to thinkabout the centre of gravity inthe triangle of realism-fiction-authority in Submission, Michel Houellebecq’smost controversial novel. We advancethe hypothesis that Islam in Submissionhasa fictional function analogous to that of post-humanism in Atomised.That would be essentially a matter of surface, provocation to draw attention to an older deeper crisis. This crisis would be that of Western civilization, onethatFrance willnot escapefrom, characterizedby a process of generalized«untying», or even«disintegration» of « values»and the world that they formed.
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Feagin, Susan L. "Imagining Emotions and Appreciating Fiction." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 18, no. 3 (September 1988): 485–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1988.10717187.
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The capacity of a work of fictional literature to elicit (some) emotional responses is part of what is valuable about it, and having (relevant) emotional responses is part of appreciating it. These claims are not very controversial; perhaps they are even common sense. But philosophy rushes in where common sense fears to tread, raising questions and looking for explanations.Are the emotions we have in appreciating fictional works of art, what I call art emotions, of the same sort as those which occur in ‘real life’? Which emotions are appropriate to the work, and why: what justifies having one emotion rather than another? And why should we think emotionally responding to fiction is desirable, something which should be respected and encouraged, rather than looked at as a little weird or a waste of time?
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Zakharova, Natalia V. "Love Fiction in China in the Second Decade of the 20 th Century: from Sentiments to Duck-Lovebirds and Butterflies." Studia Litterarum 6, no. 1 (2021): 88–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2021-6-1-88-10.
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The article analyzes the evolution of Chinese love fiction in the first years that followed the 1911 Xinhai revolution. The article focuses on literature representing “couples in love,” namely fiction about “duck-lovebirds and butterflies,” an invariant of the “love prose” genre. The authors of these works both continued the traditions of the previous literature and at the same time attempted at modernizing the genre. Chinese literary scholars have controversial opinions about this genre and its invariants. Controversies concern the literary movement to which these works should be attributed, and the place of the genre in the history of Chinese literature. The founder of modern Chinese literature, Lu Xin, gave a negative assessment of this genre. Modern critics agree that fiction about “duck-lovebirds and butterflies” has poor aesthetic merits yet they also argue that the authors “created an objective picture of reality, expressed different views and opinions.” By the 1920s, the vogue for writing novels and short stories in the style of “duck-lovebirds and butterflies” had waned. This genre however gained a new surge in popularity in the mid-1940s thanks to Zhang Eileen who modernized Chinese love fiction.
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Zakharova, Natalia V. "Love Fiction in China in the Second Decade of the 20 th Century: from Sentiments to Duck-Lovebirds and Butterflies." Studia Litterarum 6, no. 1 (2021): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2500-4247-2021-6-1-88-103.
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The article analyzes the evolution of Chinese love fiction in the first years that followed the 1911 Xinhai revolution. The article focuses on literature representing “couples in love,” namely fiction about “duck-lovebirds and butterflies,” an invariant of the “love prose” genre. The authors of these works both continued the traditions of the previous literature and at the same time attempted at modernizing the genre. Chinese literary scholars have controversial opinions about this genre and its invariants. Controversies concern the literary movement to which these works should be attributed, and the place of the genre in the history of Chinese literature. The founder of modern Chinese literature, Lu Xin, gave a negative assessment of this genre. Modern critics agree that fiction about “duck-lovebirds and butterflies” has poor aesthetic merits yet they also argue that the authors “created an objective picture of reality, expressed different views and opinions.” By the 1920s, the vogue for writing novels and short stories in the style of “duck-lovebirds and butterflies” had waned. This genre however gained a new surge in popularity in the mid-1940s thanks to Zhang Eileen who modernized Chinese love fiction.
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Galiatsatos, Polymnia, Adrian Gologan, and Esther Lamoureux. "Autistic Enterocolitis: Fact or Fiction?" Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 23, no. 2 (2009): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/394317.
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Autism spectrum disorder refers to syndromes of varying severity, typified by impaired social interactions, communicative delays and restricted, repetitive behaviours and interests. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has been on the rise, while the etiology remains unclear and most likely multifactorial. There have been several reports of a link between autism and chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Endoscopy trials have demonstrated a higher prevalence of nonspecific colitis, lymphoid hyperplasia and focally enhanced gastritis compared with controls. Postulated mechanisms include aberrant immune responses to some dietary proteins, abnormal intestinal permeability and unfavourable gut microflora. Two autism spectrum disorder patients with chronic intestinal symptoms and abnormal endoscopic findings are described, followed by a review of this controversial topic.
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S. Qasim, Mohammed, Munthir A. Sabi, and Fatima R. Hussein. "C.S. Parnell, a Controversial Irish Political Leader." Al-Adab Journal, no. 128 (March 15, 2019): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i128.419.
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Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-91), an Irish political leader of nationalists, causes a national controversy and division by taking Kitty O'Shea, wife of one of his followers, Captain O'Shea, as his mistress. This leads to massive contention between the Irish Catholic Church the nationalist strugglers, who deem him as their own leader and denounce the Church for its involvement in politics. This love story, condemned by the Church as adultery, becomes one of the rarest romances, matched by the famous mad love of Catherine and Heathcliff in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights (1847), as depicted by Dorothy Eden in her novel, Never Call it Loving(1966). Eden is most sympathetic to this estranged wife, Kitty, who falls in love with the most charismatic man, Mr. Parnell; like Heathcliff, Parnell dies miserably, leaving the Irish nation in serious schism. This moving novel is analysed as a sample of historical fiction, which delights readers by its accurate and impressive depiction of this romance; historians can rarely do this, for they're concerned with mere dry facts.
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Sarabando, Andreia. "Potiki in Portuguese: language hybridity and the pitfalls of paratext." Translation Matters 3, no. 1 (2021): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21844585/tm3_1a8.
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This article looks at the Portuguese translation of Patricia Grace’sPotiki, and more specifically at the paratextual elements that it contains, as a response to the linguistic hybridity of its source text. Potiki incorporates Māori elements in its mostly English-language text in a way that is common in Māori fiction writing these days, but which was groundbreaking at the time of its release, in 1986. The Portuguese translation’s decision to include paratextual information clarifying the meaning of words and expressions, which is absent from English-language publications, can be considered controversial and, moreover, runs counter to contemporary approaches to hybrid linguistic features in fictional texts.
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García, Victoria. "Potentialities and limits of fiction." Journal of Romance studies 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrs.2022.2.
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The narratives of the children of political activists and the disappeared in Argentina emerging after the year 2000 employ fiction as a deliberate aesthetic and political narrative strategy to address the recent past and the repression of the dictatorship (1976-1983). This article will focus on Patricio Pron’s novel El espíritu de mis padres sigue subiendo en la lluvia [‘My Fathers’ Ghost is Climbing in the Rain’] (first published in 2011) to explore the potentialities and limits of fiction when approaching painful and controversial aspects of the past. Pron proposes a narrative experiment with autofiction which sparked a debate between him and his father, one of the main characters in the novel, after the novel was published. We argue that the polemic between the Prons reveals a double conflict, centered on the interpretation of the past and on the limits of (auto)fiction when dealing with real, particularly sensitive, events in national history.
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Li, Feng. "Fact or fiction: the Middle Palaeolithic in China." Antiquity 88, no. 342 (December 2014): 1303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00115479.
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The subdivision of the Chinese Palaeolithic is a controversial topic. A recent article in Antiquity (Yee 2012) critiqued Gao’s two-stage model that distinguished only an Early and a Late Palaeolithic. Yee argued that the two-stage model should be abandoned, and that a distinct Middle Palaeolithic phase can be identified. Responding to Yee, Feng Li argues that there is no solid evidence of distinctive and widespread technological changes before the Late Palaeolithic, and that it is hence premature to abandon Gao’s two-stage model at present.
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Yang, Gladys. "Women Writers." China Quarterly 103 (September 1985): 510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000030733.
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The number of Chinese women writers has increased considerably in the past few years. Some write poetry, essays, children's stories, reportage and television scripts. But since the majority write fiction, and they are the most influential, I will talk today about some middle-aged and younger women who have introduced new themes or written controversial work in recent years.
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Alonso Breto, Isabel. "Water, White Tigers and Corrupt Neoliberalism: Controversial Entrepreneurs in Recent Fiction from the Subcontinent." Indialogs 2 (April 23, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/indialogs.21.
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Freeman, Thomas S., and Susan Royal. "Stranger than fiction in the archives: The controversial death of William Cowbridge in 1538." British Catholic History 32, no. 4 (September 11, 2015): 451–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2015.16.
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AbstractThis essay considers the life, death, and afterlife of William Cowbridge a religious eccentric executed for heresy in 1538. It explores the significance of his religious beliefs, which became the source of a heated controversy between the Protestant martyrologist John Foxe and the Catholic polemicist Nicholas Harpsfield. The case casts light on a range of issues, including the dynamic between Protestant and Catholic controversialists, the use of the label of ‘madness’ in argument, and the value of archival documentation alongside the use of oral sources in Reformation-era polemic. It also yields insight into Thomas Cromwell’s authority over the English Church during the late 1530s, and highlights his position among Henrician evangelicals as a source of influence and aid. Finally, it offers a critique about interpretations of early modern belief and the designation of the label ‘Lollard’.
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Richardson, Joan. "The Editor’s Note." Phi Delta Kappan 99, no. 4 (November 27, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721717745328.
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When the president of the United States is repeatedly revealed to be lying, teachers face a new challenge in their classrooms as they try to teach students how to separate fact from fiction. Knowing how to identify factual information is an essential part of critically examining controversial topics. In addition, the author suggests that teachers prepare students to defend their findings and their conclusions.
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Pietrzak, JRT, Z. Maharaj, L. Mokete, N. Sikhauli, and DR van der Jagt. "Total hip arthroplasty in obesity: separating ‘fat’ from fiction." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 80, no. 6 (June 2, 2019): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2019.80.6.325.
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Obesity is a modern-day epidemic with increasing prevalence that is directly impacting the global burden of primary total hip arthroplasty. The risk of requiring total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis increases incrementally with increasing obesity class. Surgical intervention in obese patients presents a set of unique challenges that should be recognized by the treating medical team. Although predominantly satisfactory outcomes have been reported, perioperative anaesthetic and surgical concerns require thorough patient assessment. There is an increased potential risk of thrombogenic and septic complications, but the body mass index cutoff level beyond which total hip arthroplasty should not be offered in the obese patient remains controversial. Preoperative medical optimization of the patient and appropriate intraoperative interventions are essential to mitigate the risk of complications.
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Arnold, Markus. "Coming to terms with the past? The controversial issue of slavery in contemporary Mauritian fiction." Journal of Romance Studies 14, no. 2 (June 2014): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrs.14.2.5.
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Qiao, Guoqiang. "A Critical Response to Western Critics’ Controversial Viewpoints on Chinese Traditional Narrative and Fiction Criticism." Critical Arts 34, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2020.1712444.
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Hamburger, Käte. "Endnu en gang: om at fortælle." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 34, no. 101 (April 2, 2006): 14–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v34i101.22324.
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Forsøg på et svar og en afklaring Once again: About NarrationIn 1957 the German literary scholar Käte Hamburger published an original and controversial book on the language of literary fiction (Die Logik der Dichtung, English translation The Logic of Literature (1973)). According to Hamburger the constitutive mark of epic fiction (the third-person form of narration) is that it represents human subjectivity in a manner that has no counterpart in ordinary life. Furthermore this »logic of literature« is not a matter of interpretation or stylistics, but is based on fundamental and distinguishable linguistic features, e.g. the loss of the sense of »pastness« in the praeterite tense. Hamburger’s book raised a lot of debate and objections, and in 1965 she summarized the discussion and gave her reply in the article »Noch einmal: Vom Erzählen« (Once again: About Narration), translated into Danish for this issue of K&K. The crucial elements of tense in the novel, the role of the narrator and the art of fiction are once again investigated by Hamburger in this final contribution.
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Bas, Isil. "Fact and fiction: subverting orientalism in Ann Bridge's The dark moment." Acta Neophilologica 46, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2013): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.46.1-2.53-63.
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While postcolonial criticism has extensively traced the Western women writers's accounts of the Orient, Ann Bridge's contribution to the genre remained unheard-of. In The Dark Moment she tells the story of the foundation of the Turkish republic after the struggle against Western imperialism, a theme highly controversial for a British diplomat's wife. Moreover, she plays with the conventions and representational strategies of traditional Orientalist narratives inverting each in turn to create an unprejudiced awareness of the historical context and the social and cultural specificities of Turkey and the Turk thereby foregrounding dialogical transculturality over intercultural penetration.
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Fusco, Carla. "Female Factory Workers in Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna’s Quest." Gender Studies 15, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/genst-2017-0002.
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Abstract Female workers represent a fundamental component of the workforce to the extent that it is true that the Industrial Revolution owes them a huge debt. However, despite the unfair exploitation of many women in factories in which conditions resembled manslaughter, they have been often neglected and reduced to liminal characters by Victorian novelists. An interesting exception in the early Victorian period is represented by the writer Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna, whose fiction works as a medium of social criticism. Her semi-fictional The Wrongs of Woman is a reform novel which sheds a controversial light on female working conditions. On the one hand she indeed deplores the inhuman treatment of female labourers, but on the other hand she also argues that female employment provokes a consequent increase in male unemployment! My paper aims to investigate the role of Tonna’s text and her attempt to alleviate working-class suffering.
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Ibarrola-Armendariz, Aitor. "The Effective and the Controversial Uses of Code-Switching: Edwidge Danticat’s 'Claire of the Sea Light' as Case Study." Complutense Journal of English Studies 28 (November 24, 2020): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cjes.61429.
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This article explores the different uses that Haitian-American author Edwidge Danticat makes of code-switching in her last novel Claire of the Sea Light (2013). It also delves into the effects Danticat seeks to produce on her readers by the introduction of Creole words and expressions. While the incorporation of the mother tongue is not new in Danticat’s fiction, critics have paid little attention to the diverse purposes such a tongue purports to serve in her books and to the kind of responses it has aroused from her audience. Her uses of code-switching are observed to pursue various purposes: some purely mimetic, others more closely related to her stylistic ambitions, and still others out of motivations that may be deemed debatable, as they pertain to the “exoticization” of her homeland. Ultimately, the use of code-switching in Claire of the Sea Light should be viewed as one of the most effective strategies that diasporic writers envisage to satisfy a number of important socio-pragmatic and rhetorical functions that are usually expected in ethnic fiction. These strategies also aim to guide the (mainstream) readers’ affective responses to their work in the way(s) “minority” authors believe best suit their aesthetic and ethical goals.
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Knapp, Jeffrey. "Selma and the Place of Fiction in Historical Films." Representations 142, no. 1 (2018): 91–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2018.142.1.91.
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Every historical film must contend with the possibility that its viewers will be scandalized by its mixture of fact and fiction, but no recent historical film has faced such pressure to justify its hybrid nature as Selma has, in large part because no recent film has taken on so momentous and controversial a historical subject: the civil rights marches from Selma to Montgomery that led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. The renewed urgency of the issues Selma dramatizes, along with the film’s own commitment to the “moral certainty” of the civil rights movement, helps explain why Selma wavers in a self-defense that links the fictionality of its historical reenactments to the purposely theatrical element of the marches themselves. But politics are not the only problem for fiction in Selma, and to show why, this essay compares Selma to an earlier historical film, The Westerner (1940), that openly flaunts the commercial nature of its fictionality.
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Ahokas, Pirjo. "Jewish/Christian symbolism in Bernard Malamud's novel God's grace." Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies 7, no. 2 (September 1, 1986): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30752/nj.69408.
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Besides being one of the major American authors of the postwar period, Bernard Malamud is also one of the leading representatives of contemporary Jewish fiction. When God's Grace was published, it received very mixed reviews and the novel is likely to remain one of Malamud’s most controversial books. Part of the audience’s puzzlement derives from the fact that with its grotesque characters and strange events God’s Grace seems to defy definition. The novel is filled with literary references and biblical symbolism that mainly draws on Genesis and on the apocalyptic tradition fused with elements of Messianism. The author discusses the genre problem of God’s Grace by outlining some of its background in contemporary America fiction and then analyzing the meaning and effect of Malamud’s use of Jewish/Christian symbolism to enhance the valuable aspects of the Jewish inheritance.
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Namorato, Luciana. "“NECKTIES OF A CERTAIN COLOR” – POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT IN MACHADO DE ASSIS’S ESAÚ E JACÓ." Revista de Estudos Literários 6 (December 27, 2017): 177–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-847x_6_8.
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Machado de Assis’s view of politics is a controversial topic. Since the late nineteenth century, critics have diverged on the degree and nature of the Brazilian writer’s political engagement, as registered in his crônicas, short stories, and novels. I begin my essay with a review of the most important critical works that touch upon this theme, and propose that Machado often comments on politics in his fiction, but that he does so in a subtle, indirect manner. In this essay, I focus on Machado’s novel Esaú e Jacó, and argue that the metafictional observations that abound in this novel can be applied not only to fictional narratives, but also to political discourse. I interpret these metafictional comments as Machado’s strategy to highlight the partial and subjective quality of political discourse. Finally, I analyze the protagonists of the novel, the twins Pedro and Paulo, as symbols of the paradoxical nature of human beings and, by extension, the instability of individual political opinions.
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Larsen, Mads. "Sealing new truths: Film adaptation as cultural capstone for 101 Reykjavík." Journal of Scandinavian Cinema 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jsca_00012_1.
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When fiction introduces controversial new perspectives, the novel and its film adaptation can play different roles in a cultural discussion. In the wake of globalization and Generation X, the novel 101 Reykjavík (Helgason [1996] 2002) suggested a sex-obsessed slacker identity that most Icelanders rejected or ignored. A later film adaptation (Kormákur, 2000) cut the sharpest edges off the story’s postmodern critique, lessened the protagonist’s immorality, made the narrative more conventional and offered an ending with communal reunification. The film’s success led Icelanders to revaluate not only the novel’s message but their own identity. 101 Reykjavík became the new truth about young Icelanders in the 1990s. This combination of a disputatious novel and a more conciliatory film adaptation is not uncommon with Nordic fiction. For socially ambitious filmmakers, retelling contentious stories in a form more fit for mass consumption can help them bring audiences and nations from old truths to new.
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Lavoie, Sophie. "El país de las mujeres, Gioconda Belli’s (Neo)feminist Treatise: New Proposals for a Post-Sandinista Society in Nicaragua." Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos 44, no. 1 (May 23, 2021): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/rceh.v44i1.5907.
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This article examines the connections between the historical Sandinista past in Nicaragua (1979-1990), the controversial Sandinista return with Daniel Ortega (2007-2018), and the literary present in Gioconda Belli’s novel, El país de las mujeres. Using the concept of “trafficking history,” this article analyzes the novel and associates the two historical contexts with the innovative virtual women’s movement and its recent “real” iterations. El país de las mujeres is a work of fiction that is based on reality and includes a gendered political and social agenda.
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Le, Vincent. "Philosophy’s dark heir: On Nick Land’s abstract horror fiction." Horror Studies 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/host_00009_1.
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Nick Land is a British philosopher who developed a compelling transcendental materialist critique of anthropocentric philosophies throughout the 1990s before leaving academia at the turn of the century and moving to Shanghai. While he is now best known for his controversial pro-capitalist political writings, he has also recently developed a theory of what he calls ‘abstract horror fiction’, as well as applied it in practice by writing two abstract horror novellas. Although one might think that Land’s horror fiction, like his recent far-right politics, marks a new and independent body of work from his earlier academic writings as a philosopher, this article argues that Land turns to writing horror fiction, because he sees the genre as a better compositional form than traditional philosophy to continue his critique of anthropomorphism insofar as it is able to stage a confrontation with that which lies beyond all parochial human comprehension. I begin by outlining Land’s earlier critique of anthropocentric philosophies with recourse to the brute fact of humanity’s inexorable extinction as a way to undermine their attempts to project human values and concepts onto an inhuman cosmos for all time. I then examine Land’s theory of abstract horror to see how he envisions horror fiction as the best aesthetic means for transcendentally channeling the traumatic limits of human experience. I conclude with an analysis of Land’s two horror novellas, Phyl-Undhu and Chasm, to draw out the ways in which his earlier critical philosophy continues to inform their literary motifs. What ultimately emerges from this analysis of Land’s fiction is a conception of horror as the dark heir to critical philosophy.
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Knight, Mark. "FIGURING OUT THE FASCINATION: RECENT TRENDS IN CRITICISM ON VICTORIAN SENSATION AND CRIME FICTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 37, no. 1 (March 2009): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150309090214.
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Over the last thirty years or so, sensation fiction has shaken off its scandalous roots to become a respectable area of academic study. The transformation began with the publication of Winifred Hughes's The Maniac in the Cellar (1980) and Patrick Brantlinger's “What Is ‘Sensational’ about the ‘Sensation Novel’?” (1982), and gathered pace in the 1980s and 90s through the contributions of Ann Cvetkovich, Pamela Gilbert, D. A. Miller, Lyn Pykett, and Jenny Bourne Taylor. One of the results of all this scholarly interest is that the genre has begun to attract more introductory works that concentrate on consolidating what others have said. Ideas that were once considered new or controversial are now seen as common knowledge: we know that sensation fiction involves more than the influential novels written in the 1860s by Mary Elizabeth Braddon and Wilkie Collins; we are familiar with the frequent blurring between sensation fiction and other genres (including crime fiction and the gothic); we are well schooled in interdisciplinary approaches that read sensation fiction alongside science, psychology, and law; and we are used to competing claims for sensation fiction as a subversive or conservative genre. With so much attention being given to a collection of writings once described by Hughes as “irretrievably minor” (167) and by Brantlinger as “a minor subgenre of British fiction” (1), one could be forgiven for thinking that there are few secrets left to be uncovered. Yet, as the wide array of books considered here attests, the critical appeal of sensation fiction and Victorian crime shows no sign of abating. If anything, the first few years of the twenty-first century have seen even greater levels of interest: a number of Victorian Studies conferences have chosen sensation as their theme, and the genre features regularly in the pages of academic journals. Given that the extent of our ongoing fascination would probably have shocked a previous generation of scholars, this review of recent critical trends will try and figure out why the genre possesses such a powerful hold on our thinking and whether or not this hold is likely to continue.
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Weightman, Frances. "Authoring the Strange: The Evolving Notions of Authorship in Prefaces to Classical Chinese Supernatural Fiction." East Asian Publishing and Society 8, no. 1 (April 5, 2018): 34–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22106286-12341316.
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Abstract This article considers the ways in which ideas of authorship have been portrayed in the authorial prefaces (zixu) to a selection of classical Chinese tales of the supernatural (zhiguai). It posits that the authorial preface is a unique forum for exploring the interplay between the author, reader and text. Within the controversial and contested tradition of writings about strange and otherworldly phenomena, it argues that over time the zixu provided a platform for the emergence of an increasingly individualised authorial persona.
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Roni, Philip, Tim Beechie, George Pess, and Karrie Hanson. "Wood placement in river restoration: fact, fiction, and future direction." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, no. 3 (March 2015): 466–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0344.
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Despite decades of research on wood in rivers, the addition of wood as a river restoration technique remains controversial. We reviewed the literature on natural and placed wood to shed light on areas of continued debate. Research on river ecology demonstrates that large woody debris has always been a natural part of most rivers systems. Although a few studies have reported high structural failure rates (>50%) of placed instream wood structures, most studies have shown relatively low failure rates (<20%) and that placed wood remains stable for several years, though long-term evaluations of placed wood are rare. The vast majority of studies on wood placement have reported improvements in physical habitat (e.g., increased pool frequency, cover, habitat diversity). Studies that have not reported improvements in physical habitat often found that watershed processes (e.g., sediment, hydrology, water quality) had not been addressed. Finally, most evaluations of fish response to wood placement have shown positive responses for salmonids, though few studies have looked at long-term watershed-scale responses or studied a wide range of species.
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Urban, Hugh B. "The Occult Roots of Scientology?" Nova Religio 15, no. 3 (February 1, 2012): 91–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.91.
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The Church of Scientology remains one of the most controversial and poorly understood new religious movements to emerge in the last century. And among the most controversial questions in the early history of the Church is L. Ron Hubbard's involvement in the ritual magic of Aleister Crowley and the possible role of occultism in the development of Scientology. While some critics argue that Crowley's magic lies at the very heart of Scientology, most scholars have dismissed any connection between the Church and occultism. This article examines all of the available historical material, ranging from Hubbard's personal writings, to correspondence between Crowley and his American students, to the first Scientology lectures of the 1950s. Crowley's occult ideas, I argue, do in fact represent one—but only one—element in the rich, eclectic bricolage that became the early Church of Scientology; but these occult elements are also mixed together with themes drawn from Eastern religions, science fiction, pop psychology, and Hubbard's own fertile imagination.
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Kis, Norbert. "The Concept of Juristocracy on Trial: Reality or Fiction?" Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 20, no. 2 (2021): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2021.2.1.
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This article aims to investigate the controversial concept of Juristocracy that has been widely analysed recently. This theory claims that lobbyists representing a liberal ideology have formed an oligarchy of lawyers in EU institutions. These juristocratic networks seek to limit the sovereignty of post-liberal, legitimate national governments. The concept extends to other supranational institutions as well as NGOs and academic networks. This study discusses the political ambition of lawyers of EU institutions and their existence as political protagonists i.e. Juristocracy. However, the theory of Juristocracy addresses some historical phenomena. The EU’s bureaucracy has become a “power institution” and tends to compete with national governments. In this socio-evolutionary struggle, both legal and political theories can easily become “power theories”. The concept of Juristocracy reflects the weakening global influence of neoliberal values as well as the changing role of post-WWII supranational institutions. In this respect, juristocratic networking can be seen as a historical necessity as much as it has to do with the conflict of supranational and national governance, in particular within the EU. The legitimacy and public trust of supranational institutions is more and more challenged, thus the study concludes the need for a new, win–win deal between national governments and supranational institutions. Otherwise, in the long-term, nation states will only survive if relying on historical and socio-psychological foundations.
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Donets, Paul. "STYLISTIC MEANS OF EXPRESSING TRANSHUMANISM IN “SPRAWL” TRILOGY BY WILLIAM GIBSON." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 18, no. 28 (July 2019): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-28-7.
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The article examines stylistic devices in which American-Canadian writer William Gibson expresses transhumanist ideas. The author is famous for being one of the pioneers and brightest representatives of science fiction subgenre, known as cyberpunk. His debut trilogy “Sprawl”, which touches upon social, moral and ethical issues of using advanced technologies, has been chosen as an object to be studied. It is found out that the message translated by the author is controversial: while having some obvious transhumanist indications, it also has various alarmist traits, which can be observed at stylistic and lexical level. In its simplest form, this is manifested in the special use of epithets, metaphors, similes, hyperbolas and other stylistic means. In some cases the series rather opposes transhumanism than reproduces its techno-optimistic discourse. It follows the warning trends of modern English-language science fiction, relying on such classic dichotomies as “natural / artificial” and “human / non-human”. The tropes and figures of speech used by the author are in most cases emotionally expressive, that is, they contain elements of value (both positive and negative).
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Watkins, Liz. "The Politics of Nostalgia: Colorization, Spectatorship and the Archive." Comparative Cinema 9, no. 17 (December 19, 2021): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31009/cc.2021.v9.i17.07.
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Colorization describes the digitization and retrospective addition of color to photographic and film materials (celluloid nitrate, glass negatives) initially made and circulated in a black-and-white format. Revisiting the controversial 1980s colorization of 24 classic Hollywood studio titles, which incited debate over questions of copyright, authorship and artistic expression, this essay examines the use of colorization to interpret museum collections for new audiences. The aesthetics of colorization have been criticized for prioritizing image content over the history of film technologies, practices and exhibition. An examination of They Shall Not Grow Old (Jackson, 2018) finds a use of digital editing and coloring techniques in the colorization of First World War film footage held in the Imperial War Museum archives that is familiar to the director’s fiction films. Jackson’s film is a commemorative project, yet the “holistic unity” of authorial technique operates across fragments of archive film and photographs to imbricate of fiction and nonfiction, signaling vital questions around the ethics and ideologies of “natural color”, historiography, and the authenticity of materials and spectator experience.
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Brown, O. William. "The American Board of Vascular Surgery and the Law: Fact and Fiction." Vascular 12, no. 2 (March 2, 2004): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmvasc.12.2.89.
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The need for the establishment of an independent American Board of Vascular Surgery (ABVS) remains controversial. The controversy involves both medical and legal issues. These issues include medical malpractice, the attempt to create a “monopoly” by vascular surgeons, and the hospital credentialing of surgeons to perform vascular procedures. In this article, the legal impact of an independent ABVS on the filing of medical malpractice suits against vascular surgeons is explored. In addition, the legal criteria necessary to establish a monopoly, as well as criteria for hospital credentialing, are also reviewed. The results of this legal analysis are, first, that the establishment of an independent ABVS may well lead to a decrease in the number of frivolous lawsuits filed against vascular surgeons. Second, the establishment of an ABVS does not constitute the creation of a monopoly. Finally, hospital credentialing should not, and will not, be directly affected by the establishment of an independent ABVS.
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Meyer, John R. "Human Rights, Fact or Fiction?: ‘Human Rights and “the Risk of Freedom”’." Scottish Journal of Theology 52, no. 1 (February 1999): 47–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930600053485.
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Before the General Assembly of the United Nations Pope John Paul II declared that the quest for freedom points to the existence of ‘natural rights’ that reflect the objective and inviolable demands of a universal moral law. While this assertion was well received by those in attendance, an important question remains: how are we to reconcile this universal vision of human rights with the current plethora of disputable legislated rights? Ernest Fortin claims the problem is rooted in the fact that modern ‘rights talk’ emphasizes individual subjective rights over the objective reality of human nature, and Alasdair Maclntyre even questions the moral value of human rights because they are all too easily manipulated by those who view them as self-evident truths. When you add to these observations the appearance of such controversial individual entitlements as ‘reproductive rights’, ‘sex rights’, ‘the right to same-sex marriage’ and the ‘right to die’, it is not surprising to hear people calling for a silencing of ‘rights talk’.
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Tietjen, Jeanie. "Durchfall, Auschwitz’s Unwritten Story: Filth and Excremental Violence in Tadeusz Borowski’s Postwar Fiction." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 34, no. 3 (2020): 409–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcaa057.
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Abstract As an author central to postwar literature on the concentration and death camp experience, Tadeusz Borowski chose to depict the relatively taboo subject of excremental violence. Borowski’s documentary fiction depicted an aspect of history that was, especially in 1946 after his own incarceration and survival, both raw and controversial. Writing in Polish as part of a collective work, Borowski was intent on speaking in his native language to a shattered Polish nation. This article analyzes how Borowski drew attention to human rights violations by writing about excremental violence. It further examines how Borowski eschewed oversimplified postwar categories of perpetrators, victims, and resisters. Instead, drawing upon his own experiences in Auschwitz, Dautmergen, and Dachau, his works articulate the powerlessness of those in the camps and the dehumanizing conditions they faced, thus challenging any misleading narratives regarding heroic agency.
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Zekri, Souhir. "A Demythologized Auto/Biography: Beginnings and Evolution of Metabiography in Feminine Postmodern Fiction." European Journal of Life Writing 5 (February 20, 2016): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.5.160.
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The postmodern features of English fiction like fragmentation and metafictionality seem to find an equivalent in life writing and metabiography. Such instances of metabiography either expose the protagonist in the process of writing a biography or memoir, and/or include extracts of life writings which are textually incorporated in their original format. The aim of this paper is first to explore the structural characteristics of metabiography and its evolution from a theme to a structure/form, through Henry James’s The Aspern Papers (1888), A.S. Byatt’s The Biographer’s Tale (2000) and Marina Warner’s fiction. As Richard Holmes explains, “the boundaries between fact and fiction have become controversial and perilous” (16), boundaries which are crossed by Warner and Byatt, both postmodern female novelists who rely on the plurality of voices and textual collage instead of the conventional omniscient narrator and the linear narrative represented by James. Second, the focus will be on the strategies combining the aesthetic with the ethical, or “the political desire to write the histories of the marginalised, the forgotten, the unrecorded” (Byatt On Histories 10-11) through metabiographical autobiographies and diaries in Warner’s Indigo and The Lost Father. The life writing themes treated in these novels are also studied in relation to the modernist and postmodernist views of reality, history and representation which they reflect. This article was submitted to the European Journal of Life Writing on April 27th 2016, and published on February 21st 2016.
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Soares, Mafalda Sofia Borges. "Entre action et fiction quelle place pour la littérature face aux enjeux de demain?" Intercâmbio: Revue d’Études Françaises=French Studies Journal, no. 15 (2022): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/0873-366x/int15a11.
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The writer Aymeric Caron, a well-known figure in the general publicand now a member of the French political sphere, allows us to understand literary engagementfrom a completely new perspective. If this expression has long been associated with Sartre’s philosophy, it is clear that the dialogue between literature and the world has since been transformed. While taking a step back in the history of literary engagement in France (with the help, among others, of the works of Jean-Paul Sartre, Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault), this article proposes to understand in what way(s) a controversial author like Aymeric Caron establishes a coherent continuity between his works and his militant life. One question will accompany us throughout our reflection: can literature be both fictional and active at the same time, without losing anything of its essence?
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Monteith, Andrew. "Transhumanism, Utopia, and the Problem of the Real in Ready Player One." Journal of Religion and Popular Culture 34, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jrpc.2018-0054.
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Ann Taves’s argument about “special things” permits religion scholars to analyze secular texts fruitfully. Notably, Ernest Cline’s Ready Player One speculates about humanity’s possible future and how technological advancement could reshape it. Although the narrative assumes an atheistic stance, its central, conceptual tensions are categorically religious. Cline’s imagined cyberworld sensorily immerses users into an alternative kind of space and allows them to inhabit bodies of their own choosing; this represents a kind of transhumanist, utopian impulse similar to shamanism. However, Ready Player One problematizes this created world ontologically and questions whether relationships formed in such a place can be authentically meaningful. Contrasting the book, the film adaptation, and fan fiction illustrates the controversial stakes at play.
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Hryshchenko, O. P. "FICTION IN THE LEGISLATIVE STRUCTURE OF EXEMPTION FROM CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY IN CONNECTION WITHIN THE EXPIRY OF THE LIMITATIONS PERIOD." Scientific journal Criminal and Executive System: Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow 2021, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjcriminal.2021.02.021.
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The essence and subject matter of fiction in the Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely fiction in the legislative structure of exemption from criminal responsibility in connection with the expiry of limitations period are analyzed in the article. The analysis of normative-legal acts, scholars’ views on the problem of fictitious norms is carried out. In particular, the author provides a description and analyzes the legislative structure of exemption from criminal responsibility in connection with the expiry of limitations period in the Criminal Codes of such foreign countries as: Poland, France, Germany. Based on the positive foreign experience, it is proposed to amend Article 49 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with a new part 7 as follows: “The limitations period starts to be calculated from the moment of expiration. If the consequence that is a part of the act occurs later, the limitations period begins from this point”. It is mentioned that the exemption from criminal responsibility is an independent criminal and legal institution. However, its legal quintessence has the following features: since the de jure exemption does not result in the conviction of a person who has committed a criminal offense, such a person avoids the adverse criminal consequences that this person has as a result of the conviction. It is clarified that the essence of the legislative structure of exemption from criminal responsibility in connection with the expiry of limitations period has a controversial nature in the science of Ukraine’s criminal law. The view according to which the basis of existence in criminal law of institute of prescription is loss of public danger of the committed act remains actual. It is concluded that the fiction in the legislative structure of exemption from criminal responsibility in connection with the expiry of limitations period is expressed in the limitation of time limits of criminal responsibility with the law on criminal responsibility. The Criminal Code of Ukraine denies the criminal and legal significance of the committed act and its consequences outside the time limits of criminal responsibility. This lack of correspondence between the real facts and their legal consolidation is a fiction of the institution of prescription. Key words: expiry of limitations period, fiction, exemption from criminal responsibility, legislator, criminal offense.
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Burstein, Miriam Elizabeth. "Father Clement, the Religious Novel, and the Form of Protestant-Catholic Controversy." British Catholic History 34, no. 03 (April 12, 2019): 396–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2019.3.
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Grace Kennedy’s anti-Catholic novel Father Clement: A Roman Catholic Story (1823) stands almost alone in the nineteenth century when it comes to evidence not only for its reception, but also its use and success, or lack thereof, as a proselytization and devotional tool. The novel’s form and polemical strategies exerted a powerful influence on both Catholic and Protestant writers, popularizing the controversial novel across denominations. In particular, Father Clement’s celebration of prooftexting rooted in sola scriptura as the best method of religious disputation helped end the earlier nineteenth-century “polite” novel’s emphasis on non-confrontational, genteel sociability. But as its Protestant and Catholic reception histories suggest, the novel’s ambivalent treatment of its title character, along with its overt didacticism, led to appropriations that Kennedy could not have predicted. Father Clement catalyzed resistance amongst Catholic readers and novelists, some of whom were inspired by the title character to creatively reinterpret the novel as a brief for Catholicism, others of whom turned to Biblical quotation as a means of undoing sola scriptura altogether. Thus, if the novel predictably generated Protestant imitations, it also led Catholics to new experiments in controversial rhetoric and fiction.
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D’Arcangeli, Luciana, and Laura Lori. "Il giallo in colonia: Italian Post-Imperial Crime Novels." Quaderni d'italianistica 37, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v37i1.28279.
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This article analyzes several crime stories set during Italian imperial history, in particular Andrea Camilleri’s La presa di Macallè (2003) and Il nipote del Negus (2010); Carlo Lucarelli’s L’ottava vibrazione (2008) and Albergo Italia (2014); and Giorgio Ballario’s Morire è un attimo (2008) and Una donna di troppo (2009). It focuses on the representation of Italian and local characters, placing particular attention on the portrayal of the detective and his sidekick, as well as female characters. It also analyzes how the relationship between Italy and its colonies is generally portrayed in these crime novels. It shows how crime fiction can be an effective instrument with which to explore a controversial topic such as the colonial era, also by linking it to present practices.
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Apter, Emily. "A Conversation with Aliza Shvarts." October, no. 176 (2021): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00428.
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Abstract Aliza Shvarts first came to widespread attention when her Untitled [Senior Thesis] (2008), consisting of a yearlong performance of self-induced miscarriages, was declared a “fiction” by Yale University and censored from public exhibition. That controversial work was on view for the first time in New York as part of her 2020 exhibition Purported at Art in General. It frames the areas of inquiry she has continued to explore: how the body means and matters and how the subject consents and dissents. In this in-depth conversation, Emily Apter and Aliza Shvarts discuss the exhibition and a wide range of topics relevant to contemporary feminist practice and thought: the genealogy of citation; the uses of theory; speech action; rape kits; nonconsensual collaboration; queer kinship; and memes.
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Vinuela, Ana. "Television documentary production in France." Critical Studies in Television: The International Journal of Television Studies 13, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749602018763681.
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This article discusses the regulatory framework within which the television documentary production industry operates in France, and how public policies have created and then adapted a support system in response to the active agency of professionals. I give particular attention to the reform of the support system implemented between 2014 and 2017, which has privileged certain categories of non-fiction programmes and affected the patterns of production. I will look at the definition of quality criteria in documentary funding, focusing on the pivotal, though controversial, notion of ‘creative documentary’, and on the diverse approaches that inform French audiovisual policy. By focusing on policy interventions, the article will address the economic and political history of television documentary in France between 1986 and 2017.
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Chaudhary, Ankita. "DIASPORA AND IDENTITY IN NAIPAUL’S WORKS : A SELECT STUDY." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 9, no. 66 (September 1, 2021): 15461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v9i66.6841.
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“Write what you know” - this is the age-old advice said by someone to all the novelists. Surajprasad Naipaul, generally known as V. S. Naipaul, took it more seriously than others. Naipaul’s grandparents migrated from Uttar Pradesh India to Trinidad. His grandfather started working as an indentured laborer in the sugarcane estates there. They faced many problems regarding settlement and adjustment in this new cultural environment. That’s why Naipaul’s works are replete with the themes of diaspora. He applied his uniquely careful prose style to the point where the observer has called him the greatest living writer of English prose. Often known as the world’s writer, Naipaul is both one of the most highly regarded and one of the most controversial of contemporary writers. Much of his work deals with individuals who feel estranged from the societies. The present paper is an effort to analyze his select works based on diaspora and identity. Different characters in his fiction and non-fiction works seem to be in search of their identity in this world. Cultural-clash and hybridity, these twin themes, are also dominant in his works and I have tried to highlight all these diaspora-related issues in this paper.
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Scheibach, Michael. "Faith, Fallout, and the Future: Post-Apocalyptic Science Fiction in the Early Postwar Era." Religions 12, no. 7 (July 10, 2021): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12070520.
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In the early postwar era, from 1945 to 1960, Americans confronted a dilemma that had never been faced before. In the new atomic age, which opened with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, in August 1945, they now had to grapple with maintaining their faith in a peaceful and prosperous future while also controlling their fear of an apocalyptic future resulting from an atomic war. Americans’ subsequent search for reassurance translated into a dramatic increase in church membership and the rise of the evangelical movement. Yet, their fear of an atomic war with the Soviet Union and possible nuclear apocalypse did not abate. This article discusses how six post-apocalyptic science fiction novels dealt with this dilemma and presented their visions of the future; more important, it argues that these novels not only reflect the views of many Americans in the early Cold War era, but also provide relevant insights into the role of religion during these complex and controversial years to reframe the belief that an apocalypse was inevitable.
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Koloshuk, Nadiia. "IMAGE OF V. PETROV-DOMONTOVYCH IN MEMOIRS AND CORRESPONDENCE OF HIS CONTEMPORARIES-EMIGRANTS." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 17 (2021): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2021.17.6.
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Actuality. The modern study of literature now does not give the answer for a question, if it is possible to create a character of a man from the life by facilities of nonfiction narration, however, it is convincing and full-blooded in the reader’s perception as an artistic image. Stating the Subject of the Study: forming of character-image of writer V. Petrov-Domontovych in the circle of the Ukrainian emigrants of the post-war wave due to their remembrances, letters, and essays. Research methodology: through the comparative hermeneutic interpretation of texts, and also later fiction texts that formed the character-image of V. Petrov. Stating the Aim of the Study. Other mechanisms of reader reception work in nonfiction genres, then in fiction, id est it becomes possible another result – the character of real V. Petrov. Results of the Study and originality. The image of Victor Petrov, formed in the memory of representatives of Ukrainian literary emigration and recorded in their memoirs and correspondence, is no less ambivalent, than images of characters in the fictional works of Victor Domontovych. Expatriate contemporaries saw their colleague differently and remembered in different situations, however, it is significant that people, in many respects disagree with moral assessments, hostile to others (as Ihor Kachurovsky, who always biased towards Yuri Sherekh-Shevelov and even repeated stereotyped allegations against him after his death) they were largely controversial in the estimation of V. Petrov. On the one hand, V. Domontovych deserved respect as a talented prose writer; on the other hand, V. Petrov was a mystery as a person. His collaboration with the Soviet special services did not cause unequivocal condemnation, since the circumstances of his "disappearance" from Munich in 1949 remained unclear. Most of those people who spoke about this event immediately after it was treated to the disappeared man with compassion because they suspected the "human beings"-brothers (Yuriy Lavrinenko) from the Soviet side. Image of V. Petrov mostly appears "split", as well as images of characters in the novels of V. Domontovich. The practical significance. In non-fictional texts, the researcher can trace the path of the formation of the image and stereotype, returning and approaching the prototype.
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Ascari, Maurizio. "Beyond Realism." Renascence 71, no. 1 (2019): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/renascence20197111.
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A complex and controversial novel, Atonement is at the core of a lively critical debate, opposing those who focus on the impossibility of Briony’s atonement – also in relation to the author’s atheist views – to those who conversely explore the redemptive quality of her “postlapsarian” painful self-fashioning. Far from concerning simply the destiny of a literary character, this debate has to do with the impact Postmodernist relativism has on both the conception of the human subject and the discourses of the past, from memory to history and fiction. Discarding any potentially nihilistic interpretations of Atonement as disempowering, this article delves into Ian McEwan’s multi-layered text in order to comprehend its ambivalences, its subtle investigation of the human condition, and its status as a postmemory novel reconnecting us to the events of World War Two.