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Journal articles on the topic 'Controlled rolling'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Kvackaj,, T., J. Zrnik,, V. Vrchovinsky,, and P. Wangyao,. "Controlled Rolling of Hastelloy-N." High Temperature Materials and Processes 21, no. 6 (April 2002): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp.2002.21.6.351.

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2

Li, Zhuang, Di Wu, and Ming Fu Shao. "Controlled Rolling and Controlled Cooling Technology of Fe-C-Mn-Si Multiphase Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 377 (August 2013): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.377.107.

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In the present paper, controlled rolling and controlled cooling of Fe-C-Mn-Si multiphase steel was conducted by a laboratory hot rolling mill. The results show that ferrite (grey), granular bainite (black) and retained austenite (white) and/or MA islands (white) are observed in a color etched LOM micrograph. The presence of the retained austenite is confirmed by SEM observation. Controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology contributes to the improvement of the microstructure. Excellent mechanical properties for Fe-C-Mn-Si multiphase steel are attributed to the TRIP effect of the stable retained austenite.

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3

Feng, Guang Hong, Hong Liang Zhang, and Jian Wen Fan. "Numerical Simulation of Controlled Rolling of Thick Slab." Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (January 2014): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.522.

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The numerical simulation method was adopted to study the single-pass controlled rolling deformation process of the 400mm thick slab .Two forms of the rolling deformation which are uniform temperature rolling and rolling of temperature waiting under air cooling have been used to simulate the center strain changes of the thick slab. It was shown that: increasing the deformation of single-pass can significantly increase center strain of the thick slab; temperature waiting under air cooling can lead to a large temperature range between surface and center, which can increase center strain of thick slab during subsequent rolling.

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4

Ma, Jin Hong, Xiao Han Yao, Bin Tao, and Shuo Li. "Controlled Residual Stress Research of H-Beam." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.237.

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Because of the residual stress of H-beam after hot rolling, the service performance of H-beam is seriously impacted. it is necessary to reduce the residual stress by controlled rolling and cooling process. In this paper, a continuous rolling model of finish product of H200 x 200 x 8 x 12 is set up. The continuous rolling process of H-beam was simulated using the large finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The effect of non-uniform elongation of web with flange and section temperature difference on the residual stress are analyzed. Through metallographic observations, the vary microstructure of rolling piece with residual stress and with no residual stress is analyzed. As can be seen from the finite element analysis and the experimental results, reasonable elongation of flange and web and controlling cooling speed to decrease the sectional temperature difference can reduce the residual stress of H-beam.

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5

Xiong, Tao, Yi Xiao, Shi Sen Wang, Han Xiong Dong, and De Fa Li. "Effects of Controlled Rolling and Controlled Cooling on the Mechanical Properties of 550MPa Grade Engineering Mechanism Steel." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.337.

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The effects of controlled rolling and controlled cooling parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 550MPa grade engineering mechanism steel were investigated in the industrial trial conditions. The results show that the mechanical properties of 550MPa grade engineering mechanism steel are obviously improved by controlling finishing rolling temperature ranged from 780°Cto 850°C, and by using accelerate cooling after rolling, ferrite grains are refined markedly of the steel which possess excellent strength and toughness behaviors.

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6

Li, Gui Yan, Bao Chun Zhao, Zao Fu Pang, Yong Hao Liu, and Hui Xia Ma. "Research on Simulating of Controlled Rolling and Controlled Cooling Process for Mo Micro-Alloy Steel." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.595.

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The transformation production and recrystallization for Mo Micro-alloy Steel had been carried out on the Gleeble-3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. Based on the schedule, TMCP was applied to two stages multi-pass hot rolling experiments and the influences of the technological parameters on microstructure and mechanical property were analyzed. The results showed that the microstructure, precipitation and mechanical property of Mo Micro-alloy steel were strongly affected by the start-rolling temperature, the end-rolling temperature, the cooling rate and the relaxation time. The appropriate parameters were used and the ideal volume fraction of the acicular ferrite was observed by using metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscope(TEM).

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7

Pussegoda, L. N., P. D. Hodgson, and J. J. Jonas. "Design of dynamic recrystallisation controlled rolling schedules for seamless tube rolling." Materials Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 1992): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708392790169821.

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8

Huo, Wen Feng, Xian Lei Hu, Bing Xing Wang, and Xiang Hua Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Intermediate Cooling Temperature Field in Controlled Rolling." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.359.

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Air cooling may decrease rolling efficiency in controlled rolling for needing long holding time to obtain the correct rolling temperature because of small cooling rate. The intermediate cooling can increate the cooling rate, and improve rolling efficiency. Experiment was carried out to research the effect of intermediate cooling on rolling efficiency. The influence of different cooling mode on the temperature distribution and the temperature profile characteristics of different cooling strategy are analyzed with FEM. It shows that intermediate cooling can decrease the holding time effectively, and improve rolling efficiency; the temperature homogeneity in thickness direction can be improved by opening the header one after another and cooling the plate by oscillating cooling.

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9

Wang, Bing, Dong Dong Liu, Zhong Qi Dong, Yang Song, and Yan Jun Meng. "Controlled Rolling and Cooling Process of Spring Steel 65Mn." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2624–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2624.

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10

Haliyo, D. Sinan, Fabien Dionnet, and Stéphane Regnier. "Controlled rolling of microobjects for autonomous manipulation." Journal of Micromechatronics 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 75–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856306777544943.

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11

Sangal, S., and S. Yannacopoulos. "Continuous Controlled Rolling of a HSLA Steel." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 31, no. 1 (January 1992): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.1992.31.1.55.

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12

Yoshimura, Takeo, Takamasa Suzuki, Shigeru Mineki, and Shokichi Ohuchi. "Controlled Microwave Heating Accelerates Rolling Circle Amplification." PLOS ONE 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2015): e0136532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136532.

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13

Platov, S. I., V. A. Nekit, and N. N. Ogarkov. "Improving the Controlled Cooling after Wire Rod Rolling in the Finishing Block of Stands." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 620–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.620.

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The thermal regime of rolling in the finishing block of stands and the cooling path after rolling largely determines the mechanical properties of the wire rod. One of the main challenges that must be addressed in the cooling design phase is reduction of temperature non-uniformity over the cross section of a wire rod. The use of adjustable cooling allows getting closer in finishing rolling mill to the regimes of the controlled rolling, thermo mechanical processing and two-phase rolling, which greatly extend the capabilities of the mill in the obtaining of high consumer properties of products. The paper presents the theory and experimental analysis of controlled cooling after rolling in the finishing rolling mill, with the aim to rise temperature heterogeneity over the cross section of the wire rod.

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14

Kawulok, Petr, Radek Jurča, Ivo Schindler, Stanislav Rusz, Rostislav Turoň, Petr Opěla, and Rostislav Kawulok. "Laboratory Controlled Rolling of Microalloyed Steel for Production of Seamless Tubes." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.611.

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Using the laboratory rolling mill with smooth rolls, piercing, as well as rolling in a pilger mill of the seamless tubes with diameter 273 mm from the HSLA steel microalloyed with vanadium steel was simulated. Influence of the wall thickness (6.3 – 40 mm) and finish rolling temperature on the final structural and mechanical properties was investigated. Necessary temperatures of the phase transformations in the course of cooling were determined by dilatometric tests. Based on the dilatometry results, finish rolling temperatures were reduced. Lower rolling temperatures yielded in a relative grain refinement. Effect of the finish rolling temperature did not have any marked impact on the tensile tests results. Strength properties decreased only slightly with the increasing wall thickness and the plastic properties were not influenced significantly by this parameter. The positive effect of the reduced finishing temperature appeared markedly in the results of impact tests performed at room temperature only. Notch toughness was increased by approx. 25 % in the case of the wall thickness of not less than 20 mm.

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15

Abdideh, Reza, Mohammad Hizombor, Reza Mohammadian Rad, and Iman Mohammad Zadeh. "Production of Ultrafine Grained API X70 Steel with Controlled Rolling." Advanced Materials Research 829 (November 2013): 884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.884.

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Development of industries in recent years reveals the essential need to the microalloyed steels with high strength and good ductility. Refinement of Ferrite grains by thermomechanical Treatment is the only lower cost effective method to improve strength and toughness spontaneously in this type of steels. API X70 steel belongs to high strength microalloyed steel group. The manufacturing process of this steel is controlled rolling which is a kind of thermomechanical treatment and it is considered as a grain refining method. In this research, three specimens of API X70 steel were experimentally rolled in order to achieve ultrafine grained microstructure. Rolling operations are designed in such a way that the rolling of these specimens finished at 846, 823 and 800°C. Results of the experiments were analyzed by mechanical tests and microstructures observations. The microstructure observations show that decreasing of finish rolling temperature causes decrease in Ferrite grain size. Results also show that rolling of API X70 steel in the vicinity of Ar3temperature and high strain rates lead to ultrafine Ferrite grains in microstructure. This is due to the transformation of work hardened austenite to Ferrite. On the other side, Tensile and impact tests show that decreasing of finish rolling temperature causes increasing in yield and tensile strength and also improves the toughness.

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16

Feng, Guang Hong, Hong Liang Zhang, and Jian Wen Fan. "Numerical Simulation of Controlled Rolling of Heavy Plates with Low Compression Ratio." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1451.

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The numerical simulation method was adopted to study the multi-pass controlled rolling deformation process of the 400mm thick slab and the changing rule of the internal strain field. It was tried to simulate the center strain changes of the thick slab by two deformation processes which were the first rolling deformation process under a uniformed temperature and the second rolling deformation process after the waiting. It was shown that in the rolling process of super-thick steel plate both the first rolling process and the second rolling process could control the deformation of the central region. When the macro pressure rate was the same, the thinner was the slab, the greater pressure rate in the central region. The amount of deformation of both the first process and the second one was the same as 20%. The maximum strain was located in nearly one-tenth thickness of the surface layer and the minimum was in the center.

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17

DeGaspari, John. "Rolling Stock." Mechanical Engineering 123, no. 02 (February 1, 2001): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-feb-5.

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This article discusses features of a new friction management system, which is intended to boost efficiency on the railroad. Friction Management Services LLC of West Chicago, Illinois, has developed a friction management system, called TracGlide that consists of a synthetic polymer and computerized application equipment, installed on the locomotive at the front of the train. Unlike conventional lubrication schemes, the TracGlide system applies a friction modifier, not a lubricant, to the top of the rail. Although railroads usually avoid treating the tops of rails to avoid traction problems, the TracGlide polymer tends to increase the coefficient of friction when needed. The friction modifier is applied on both rails after the last axle of the last locomotive at the front of the train passes by. The application is computer controlled, based on factors such as the train’s weight, track curvature, speed, and temperature of the lubricant, which are constantly changing.

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18

Zhu, Yue Bin, and Xue Min Wang. "Microstructure and Properties of High Performance Steels by Controlled Rolling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.87.

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High performancesteels (HPS) require low yield ratio, high uniform elongation and high low temperature impact toughness in addition to higher strength. In this paper,experimental steelswere produced by controlled rolling and tempering to meet high performance requirements. Itwasconcluded that experimental steels by controlled rolling and tempering had similar performance with quenched and tempered steel (QT).

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19

Luo, Zong An, Guo Dong Wang, Xiang Hua Liu, Jian Ping Li, Li Jun Wang, and Fu An Hua. "Development and Application of Experimental Facilities for Steel Forming." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1428.

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In order to meet the demand of steelmakers, series of experimental facilities such as thermo-mechanical simulator, pilot hot rolling mills, controlled cooling system, pilot cold rolling mills, simulator for continuous annealing of strips, and hot-dip galvanizing simulator have been developed and applied by the RAL. These instruments can be used to simulate different processing technologies of steel forming which include continuous casting, hot rolling, controlled cooling, cold rolling, annealing and surface treatment(such as coating), etc. They provide unique research means for the R&D activities of China’s iron and steel industries. The characteristics, experimental functions, performance parameters and application of these facilities are introduced in the paper.

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20

Vasil’ev, I. S., V. E. Telegin, A. V. Arkhandeev, V. G. Ryabchikov, and E. M. Golubchik. "Longitudinal-beam production by controlled rolling at MMK." Steel in Translation 42, no. 7 (July 2012): 591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091212070121.

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21

Siwecki, Tadeusz. "Modelling of Microstructure Evolution during Recrystallization Controlled Rolling." ISIJ International 32, no. 3 (1992): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.32.368.

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22

Li, J., X. A. Yan, G. D. Wang, and A. D. Jia. "Numerically controlled rolling process of thick metal plate." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 129, no. 1-3 (October 2002): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(02)00637-4.

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23

Bobylev, M. V., V. B. Kireev, and A. M. Koreshkova. "Properties of doped boiler steel after controlled rolling." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 33, no. 10 (October 1991): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00800693.

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24

Hiratsuka, Yojiro, and Shoji Maruo. "1P1-N03 Optically controlled micromanipulators using rolling mechanism." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2007 (2007): _1P1—N03_1—_1P1—N03_3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2007._1p1-n03_1.

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25

Morozov, Yu D., L. I. �fron, A. M. Stepashin, and I. P. Shabalov. "Controlled rolling of skelp on low-power mills." Metallurgist 48, no. 9-10 (September 2004): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-005-0007-0.

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26

Fang, Jian, Yang Hua Li, Kai Yi Xie, Xi Yang Zou, Meng Xiong Zhou, and Ze Xi Yuan. "Influence of Hot Deformation on Microstructure of Non-Quenching and Non-Tempering Pipe 36Mn2V Used in Oil Well." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 504–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.504.

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The continuous rolling and sizing processes for producing non-quenching and non-tempering 36Mn2V steel pipes used in oil well were studied by the thermomechanical simulation test in this paper. The results showed clearly that the final microstructure was influenced by deformation temperature and stain applied. When continuous rolling temperature was controlled at 1050°C and strain at about 0.5 or above, dynamic recrystallization was completed and fine austenitic grain was obtained. When sizing temperature was controlled at 850°C or below and strain at about 0.2 or above, fine acicular ferrite was obtained with properties satisfying the requirement of the high quality pipe. The results of the study provided reliable data for the controlled rolling and sizing processes for the production of the 36Mn2V steel pipes.

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27

Wang, Jun, Chun Li Jia, Zhong Zhao, Zhi Jie Jiao, and Jian Ping Wang. "Research and Improvement on the Rolling Force Model of Plate." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3091.

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Rolling force model is the core of all the mathematical models of plate for rolling process, but the accuracy of traditional rolling force model is not high enough in application, so in this study the rolling force model of plate is researched and improved. The effects of different physical conditions on resistance of deformation are decoupled, and the formula acquired is practical. While the composition, Nb is used to calculate residual strain. At the same time, the self-learning method, which is based on the thickness layer is applied. The on-line application results show that the predictive error between force model calculated and measured can be controlled at less than 9% and 80% of the passes can be controlled within 5%.

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28

Yi, Sangbong, José Victoria-Hernández, Young Kim, Dietmar Letzig, and Bong You. "Modification of Microstructure and Texture in Highly Non-Flammable Mg-Al-Zn-Y-Ca Alloy Sheets by Controlled Thermomechanical Processes." Metals 9, no. 2 (February 2, 2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9020181.

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The influence of rolling temperature and pass reduction degree on microstructure and texture evolution was investigated using an AZXW3100 alloy, Mg-3Al-1Zn-0.5Ca-0.5Y, in wt.%. The change in the rolling schedule had a significant influence on the resulting texture and microstructure from the rolling and subsequent annealing. A relatively strong basal-type texture with a basal pole split into the rolling direction was formed by rolling at 450 °C with a decreasing scheme of the pass reduction degrees with a rolling step, while the tilted basal poles in the transverse direction were developed by using an increasing scheme of the pass reduction degrees. Rolling at 500 °C results in a further distinct texture type with a far more largely tilted basal pole into the rolling direction. The directional anisotropy of the mechanical properties in the annealed sheets was caused by the texture and microstructural features, which were in turn influenced by the rolling condition. The Erichsen index of the sheets varied in accordance to the texture sharpness, i.e., the weaker the texture the higher the formability. The sheet with a tetrarchy distribution of the basal poles into the transverse and rolling directions shows an excellent formability with an average Erichsen index of 8.1.

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29

Zhang, Fei, Wei Yu, and Tao Liu. "Development of Intermediate Cooling Technology and Its Control for Two-Stand Plate Rolling." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4192186.

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In a plate rolling production line, thermomechanically controlled processing is critical for plate quality. In this paper, a set of intermediate cooling equipment of a two-stand plate mill with super density nozzles, medium pressure, and small flow is developed. Based on a simplified dynamic model, a cooling control scheme with combined feedforward, feedback, and adaptive algorithms is put forward. The new controlled rolling process and the highly efficient control system improve the controlled rolling efficiency by an average of 17.66%. The proposed intermediate cooling system can also effectively inhibit the growth of austenite grain, improve the impact toughness and yield strength of Q345B steel plate, reduce the formation of secondary oxide scale on the plate surface and the chromatic aberration of the plate surface, and greatly improve the surface quality of the steel plate.

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30

Cheng, Rong, Jiongming Zhang, Liangjin Zhang, and Haitao Ma. "Behavior of porosity in billet during rolling process of rail." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 6 (2019): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2019029.

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Unlike traditional rolling processes, reduction of rolling process of rail is along two vertical directions and the broadening of rolled piece is controlled. In this study, industrial experiments and a simulation model of the rolling process of rail were conducted to investigate the behaviors of porosities in billet during the rolling process of rail. The experimental and simulated results revealed that porosities moved toward the center on the cross section of the rolled piece and the porosities region reduced from a rectangle with the size (76.7 × 93.3 mm) to an isosceles trapezoid with the size {(12.8 + 18.5 mm) × 47.2 mm} during the rolling process of rail. The shapes of the porosities changed from circles with the diameters smaller than 6 mm to short cracks with the lengths shorter than 10 mm on the cross section. The two vertical reduction directions and the controlled broadening of rolled piece both counted against the closure of porosity. The simulated results were mostly in agreement with the experimental results.

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31

Slavov, V. I., N. A. Popkova, and Sergei Ya Betsofen. "Recrystallisation, Structure, Texture and Properties of Pipe Steel Rolled at Wide Temperature Range." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.581.

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Methods of complex X-ray and metallographic analyses have been used to investigate the influence of texture, thin structure and grain boundaries of coiled low-alloyed steel for gas-and-oil pipeline tubes after hot rolling on its mechanical properties. Finish rolling temperature changes in a wide range (ТFR = 8900С-5300С). Specifics of steel structure formation under conditions of dynamic (controlled rolling) and static (high-and-low temperature rolling) recrystallization have been found.

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32

Li, Junsuo, Yanxia Liu, Yang Wang, and Zhongqi Dong. "Effect of Controlled Cold-Controlled Rolling Process on Properties of Q550D Steel Plate." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 692, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 032022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/692/3/032022.

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33

Aljabri, Abdulrahman, Zheng Yi Jiang, and Dong Bin Wei. "Analysis of Thin Strip Profile during Asymmetrical Cold Rolling with Roll Crossing and Shifting Mill." Advanced Materials Research 894 (February 2014): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.894.212.

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Strip profile control during rolling is required to assure the dimensional quality of rolled thin strip is acceptable for customers. Throughout rolling, the strip profile is controlled by using the advanced shape control rolling mill, such as the combination of work roll crossing and shifting during asymmetrical rolling, the one of the valuable methods to control the strip profile quality in rolling process. In this paper, the influences of cold rolling parameters such as the crossing angle and axial shifting value of work rolls on the strip profile are analysed. The strip shape control is discussed under both symmetrical and asymmetrical rolling conditions. The obtained results are appropriate to control the rolled thin strip profile in practice.

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34

Li, Nan. "Study on the Section Inhomogeneity of VN Microallyed Heavy Plate during Controlled Rolling." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 1416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.1416.

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The finite element method and physical simulation were used to research the section effect of 50mm heavy plate microalloyed with VN during rolling and the effect of controlled rolling schedule on the section inhomogeneity. We can conclude from the results that when the whole reduction of the plate is constant, the increase of reduction in pass makes for the deformation conveying towards center layer of plate and reducing the section inhomogeneity. To the process that 220mm thick plate blank was rolled to 50mm thick plate, when the rolling pass decreased from 10 to 6, the accumulated deformation of the center layer was increased from 58.35% to 67.87%, and the austenite grain size decreased from 41.3μm to 35.4μm. The effect of final rolling temperature depends on the heat preservation: if there is no heat preservation there almost has no effect on the section homogeneity; if there has a suitable heat preservation, the section inhomogeneity can be reduced efficiently, and the best homogeneity can be obtained when final rolled at 870°C. Key words: heavy plate, VN microalloying, section effect, finite element method

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35

Antropov, Alexander Nikolayevich, and Tatyana Anatolyevna Antropova. "The basics of intellectual digital-controlled rolling stock development." Transport of the Urals, no. 3 (2018): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2018-3-35-39.

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36

Kawalla, Rudolf, Kl P. Erkel, and G. Goldhahn. "High Strength Stainless Steels Manufactured by Temperature Controlled Rolling." Materials Science Forum 426-432 (August 2003): 1523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.426-432.1523.

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37

Okuda, Naoki. "Welding consumables for steel plates produced by controlled rolling." Welding International 1, no. 2 (January 1987): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507118709452098.

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38

Khlestov, V. M., E. V. Konopleva, and H. J. McQueen. "Effect of Deformation in Controlled Rolling on Ferrite Nucleation." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 40, no. 2 (January 2001): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000844301794388425.

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39

Du, Lin-xiu, Zhong-ping Zhang, Guang-fu She, Xiang-hua Liu, and Guo-dong Wang. "Austenite Recrystallization and Controlled Rolling of Low Carbon Steels." Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 13, no. 3 (March 2006): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-706x(06)60057-5.

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40

González, R., J. O. García, M. A. Barbés, M. J. Quintana, L. F. Verdeja, and J. I. Verdeja. "Structural Ultrafine Grained Steels Obtained by Advanced Controlled Rolling." Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 20, no. 1 (January 2013): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-706x(13)60046-1.

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41

Popova, L. V., and A. G. Nasibov. "Controlled rolling with intermediate recrystallization of type St3sp steel." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 33, no. 1 (January 1991): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00775032.

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42

Hironaka, Tomohisa, and Hiroaki Yoshida. "Development of Controlled Rolling for Ca Added Magnesium Alloys." DENKI-SEIKO[ELECTRIC FURNACE STEEL] 78, no. 3 (2007): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4262/denkiseiko.78.199.

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43

Stepanov, G. V., L. N. Kallina, and E. M. Kolomiets. "Controlled rolling of steel plates on A 2800 mill." Metallurgist 32, no. 3 (March 1988): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00740775.

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44

Akulenko, L. D. "Controlled rolling of a disc along a plane curve." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 72, no. 6 (January 2008): 660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappmathmech.2009.01.011.

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Nie, Shou Feng, Zai Dan Geng, and Ying Liang Yu. "NC Application in Rolling Machining of Special Section Tube." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 400–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.400.

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The special section tube was machined by special NC reconstruction according to constituents of rolling motion. The rotation of driving and driven roller was controlled directly by servo motors and the rolling machining was controlled by converting linear motion into rotary motion. The principle, control and implementation and the analysis of the bending deformation regularity and influencing factors affecting the uniformly accelerated motion and measures were elaborated. The structural reconstruction and the parameters conversion and the reason why the machining accuracy improved were analysizedanalyzed. The NC reconstruction in rolling machining of the special section tube had good effects on the practical application and the function and application scope of NC technology were expanded

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Li, Qing Fen, and Hong Bin Chen. "Characteristics of Deformation-Induced Transformation in Steel 2.25Cr1Mo." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.509.

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Characteristics of deformation-induced transformation (DIT) in the refractory low alloy steel 2.25Cr1Mo were experimentally studied. Effect of different controlled-rolling and controlled-cooling process on the steel microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated and the mechanism was discussed. Results show that the grain size and the ferrite volume fraction were obviously affected by the rolling and cooling processes. Proper DIT technique may significantly accelerate the transformation of austenite to ferrite in the steel and improve the steel strength.

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Shutov, D. S., D. M. Mayakov, and M. V. Nikolashin. "Monitoring of reliability indicators of traction rolling stock." Herald of the Ural State University of Railway Transport, no. 2 (2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2079-0392-2022-2-53-62.

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Statistical methods for calculating reliability indicators are analyzed, which allow obtaining reliable results of calculating the reliability indicators of traction rolling stock (TRS). Since the information about the technical condition of the object is contained in the controlled parameters themselves, the following statistical methods for calculating reliability indicators are considered and presented in this study: parametric (the type of distribution law of the controlled parameter is known or it can be determined), nonparametric (the type of distribution law of the parameter is unknown). When considering the parametric method of calculating reliability indicators, the calculation of indicators based on a sample of a controlled parameter and the operating time of objects before their failure during storage or operation is analyzed. When considering the non-parametric method, the calculation of the operating time of objects before the failure is analyzed. Uninterrupted operation of the TRS on the line is possible with its technically sound condition, when all controlled parameters are within the permissible values specified in the regulatory and technical documentation. Such a study allows to prevent the TRS failure occurrence by predicting the magnitude of the parameters to be monitored, which increases the overall level of ensuring the safety of its movement. Recommendations are given on application of the proposed methods in carrying out activities related to the assessment of the TRS technical condition during its repair.

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Kawulok, Petr, Ivo Schindler, Stanislav Rusz, Rostislav Kawulok, Petr Opěla, Horymír Navrátil, Rostislav Turoň, and Radek Jurča. "Microstructure Influenced by Controlled Rolling, Cooling and Thermal Processing of Seamless Tubes Made of Steel 25CrMo4." Defect and Diffusion Forum 405 (November 2020): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.405.121.

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By use of physical simulations, it was studied the influence of finish rolling temperature (from 820 °C to 970 °C) on the microstructural and mechanical properties of seamless tubes with a different wall thickness (from 6.3 to 40 mm) – in the state after rolling as well as after quenching and tempering. In laboratory conditions, by use of the Simulator HDS-20, the bloom piercing and rolling of the seamless tubes from 25CrMo4 low-alloy steel in a pilger mill were in a simplified way simulated. The wall thickness of the tube influenced the total deformation of specimens at anisothermal multi-pass plain-strain compression tests as well as the final cooling rate. The quenching and tempering of the deformed specimens was subsequently performed with use of the electric resistance furnaces. The finish rolling temperature had only insignificant effect on the resulting properties. Markedly lower hardness was obtained only after the simulation of tube production with the wall thickness of 40 mm contrary to the wall thickness of 6.3 and 20 mm. Structural variations of the specimens after rolling simulations were more or less overlapped by the subsequent quenching from the temperature of 850 °C and tempering at the temperature of 680 °C.

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Xu, Yong Bo, Yong Mei Yu, Guo Dong Wang, and Xiang Hua Liu. "Prediction of Microstructure and Properties during Controlled Rolling and Controlled Cooling of Medium Plate." Key Engineering Materials 274-276 (October 2004): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.274-276.307.

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Yuan, Wu Hua, Qiang Fu, and Heng Zhou. "The Effect of Controlled Rolling and Cooling on the Microstructure Evolution of Boron Microalloyed Medium-Carbon Steel." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 1305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.1305.

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The processes of controlled rolling and cooling were simulated using hot compression tests on a Gleeble 1500 simulator with boron microalloyed medium-carbon steel. Effects of finish rolling temperature ranging from 760oC to 840oC and loop-laying temperature ranging from 660oC to 700oC on the microstructure evolution were studied. Experimental observations show that the average grain size of ferrite decreases while the volume fractions of ferrite and spheroidized pearlite increase when lowering rolling temperature. The maximum volume fraction of ferrite (62%) reached in our tests was obtained in the specimen whose rolling temperature and loop-laying temperature was 760oC and 700oC respectively. Excessive precipitation of the ferrite resulted in the carbon enrichment on some grain boundaries. Boron addition is effective to improve hot plastic deformation ability by removing nitrogen from AlN to form coarse BN particles on the grain boundaries.

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