Relevant bibliographies by topics / Controlled Release Topical

Academic literature on the topic 'Controlled Release Topical'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

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Tammaro, L., U. Costantino, A. Bolognese, G. Sammartino, G. Marenzi, A. Calignano, S. Tetè, F. Mastrangelo, L. Califano, and V. Vittoria. "Nanohybrids for controlled antibiotic release in topical applications." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 29, no. 4 (April 2007): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.11.019.

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Utari, Tita Ratya, Muhammad Fariez Kurniawan, and Shylvia Muchsin Andewa. "<strong>The controlled release profile of risedronate emulgel to inhibit relapse movement in orthodontic treatment</strong>." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 34, no. 1 (April 9, 2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol34no1.32628.

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Introduction: Relapse is one of the undesirable effects of orthodontic treatment. Prevention of relapse has been carried out with the use of retainer devices. Several studies also have been carried out to prevent relapse with pharmacological agents such as bisphosphonates. One of the strongest bisphosphonates is risedronate. Systemic use of bisphosphonates can cause bisphosphonate-related necrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Systemic effects can be minimised by topical preparations locally, where the virgin coconut oil (VCO) emulgel is one of the topical preparations which controls the release of drugs. This study aims to analyse the release profile of risedronate emulgel as a material to inhibit relapse movement. Methods: This research was conducted in an experimental laboratory. Group 1 was emulgel without bisphosphonate risedronate with virgin coconut oil (VCO), Group 2 was VCO emulgel with bisphosphonates risedronate, and Group 3 was a pure bisphosphonate risedronate solution. Each group weighing 100 mg was placed in 10 ml PBS, and the release test was conducted with UV/VIS Spectrophotometer wavelength λ 262 nm at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 96 hours with three replications at each group. Results: Grup 2 yielded a controlled drug release of risedronate until 96 hours, while a pure solution of risedronate resulted in an uncontrolled drug release of risedronate, which was released entirely in 4 hours. Conclusion: Risedronate emulgel with VCO had a controlled drug release compared to pure bisphosphonate solution to potentially be applied topically to inhibit relapse movement.
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Nacht, Sergio. "Use of Topical Controlled-Release Systems in Moisturizers (Abstract)." Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 11, no. 3 (January 1992): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15569529209042716.

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Borawake, Payal D., Arumugam Kauslya, Jitendra V. Shinde, and Rajashree S. Chavan. "Microsponge as an Emerging Technique in Novel Drug Delivery System." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1.4492.

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Numbers of developments are implemented in drug delivery system to achieve the goals of optimized efficacy, cost effectiveness of therapy. One of the latest, novel and highly evolving technologies is microsponge drug delivery system which gives controlled release and site specific delivery of active ingredients. They are highly cross linked, porous and polymeric microspheres with size range of 5-300µm. This system is emerging as valuable option for topical delivery of drugs due to characteristics like decreased side effects, improved stability, better formulation flexibility, superior product performance. It is having number of applications in oral, topical, ocular and biopharmaceuticals delivery. The current review describes microsponge technology and details of the formulation methods, evaluation, programmable release mechanisms and applications. Keywords: Microsponges; Controlled release; Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion; Programmable drug release; Oral administration; Topical drug delivery.
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Alkholifi, Faisal K., Aftab Alam, Ahmed I. Foudah, and Hasan S. Yusufoglu. "Phospholipid-Based Topical Nano-Hydrogel of Mangiferin: Enhanced Topical Delivery and Improved Dermatokinetics." Gels 9, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9030178.

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Mangiferin is a herbal drug that has proven anticancer potential. Owing to its lower aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability, the full pharmacological potential of this bioactive drug has not fully been explored. In the present study, phospholipid-based microemulsion systems were developed to bypass oral delivery. The globule size of the developed nanocarriers was less than 150 nm and the drug entrapment was >75% with a drug loading ~25%. The developed system offered a controlled release pattern following the Fickian drug release. This enhanced mangiferin’s in vitro anticancer activity by four-fold, the cellular uptake was observed to be improved by three-fold on the MCF-7 cells. Ex vivo dermatokinetic studies showed substantial topical bioavailability with a prolonged residence time. The findings provide a simple technique to administer mangiferin via a topical route promising a safer, topically bioavailable and effective treatment option for breast cancer. Such scalable carriers with immense topical delivery potential may provide a better option for present-day topical products of a conventional nature.
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Goudon, Fabien, Yohann Clément, and Lionel Ripoll. "Controlled Release of Retinol in Cationic Co-Polymeric Nanoparticles for Topical Application." Cosmetics 7, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics7020029.

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Retinol is a compound used in many skin care formulations to act against skin conditions like acne, wrinkles, psoriasis, and ichthyosis. While retinol is used as an active ingredient, its efficacy is limited by an extreme sensitivity to light and temperature. Retinol can also generate toxicity at high concentrations. Microencapsulation is an alternative method to help overcome these issues. In this study, we develop a new encapsulation of retinol by solvent evaporation using a cationic polymer. We show that our particles have a narrow size distribution (350 nm), can encapsulate retinol with high efficiency, and protect it from oxidation for at least eight weeks. Finally, to demonstrate that the release of retinol from the particles can be controlled, we performed a kinetic study and showed that the particle releases the drug during 18 h.
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Jagdale, Swati C., and Payal V. Kothekar. "Development of Emulgel Delivery of Mupirocin for Treatment of Skin Infection." Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery 15, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207323999200819153404.

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Aim:: To design controlled release topical delivery of mupirocin for the treatment of skin infection. Background:: Mupirocin is an antibacterial drug. Mupirocin works to kill the bacteria, which include strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. It is also used for the treatment of inflammation of a hair follicle. The half-life of mupirocin is only 20-40 min. It has very slight solubility in water. Patent literature had shown work on ointment, antibiotic composition, nasal and topical composition. Emulgel is a duel control release system for the topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Objective:: The objective was to formulate emulgel with controlled delivery of mupirocin using Sepineo P 600. Methods:: Soya oil, tween 80 and polyethylene glycol 400 (Oil:Surfactant:Cosurfactant) were used for emulsion formulation. Emulgel was optimized by 32 factorial design. Sepineo P 600 and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K4M were used as independent variables. Drug excipient compatibility analysis was carried out by FTIR, UV and DSC spectra. Emulgel was evaluated for its physical characterization, in vitro release, ex vivo release, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory study. Results:: DSC, UV and FTIR analysis confirmed drug excipient compatibility. FE SEM showed a size range between 228-255 nm. Zeta potential was found to be -25.1 mV, which showed good stability of the emulsion. Design expert software showed F2 as an optimized batch. Release studies indicated that the controlled release of drugs forms Sepineo P 600 gel due to its higher gelling capacity. Batch F2 showed comparable results with marketed formulation against Staphylococcus aureus. For batch F2, 40 μg/ml was the minimal inhibitory concentration. Conclusion:: Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory study proved successful development of stably controlled release mupirocin emulgel.
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Syed Azhar, Sharifah Nurfadhlin Afifah, Siti Efliza Ashari, Syahida Ahmad, and Norazlinaliza Salim. "In vitro kinetic release study, antimicrobial activity and in vivo toxicity profile of a kojic acid ester-based nanoemulsion for topical application." RSC Advances 10, no. 71 (2020): 43894–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra04807k.

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Eftimie Totu, Eugenia, Daniela Mănuc, Tiberiu Totu, Corina Marilena Cristache, Roxana-Mădălina Buga, Fatih Erci, Camelia Cristea, and Ibrahim Isildak. "Considerations on the Controlled Delivery of Bioactive Compounds through Hyaluronic Acid Membrane." Membranes 12, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030303.

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(1) Background: The standard treatment for periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory state caused by the interaction between biofilms generated by organized oral bacteria and the local host defense response, consists of calculus and biofilm removal through mechanical debridement, associated with antimicrobial therapy that could be delivered either systemically or locally. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a hyaluronic acid membrane matrix as a carrier for the controlled release of the active compounds of a formulation proposed as a topical treatment for periodontal disease, and the influence of pH on the complex system’s stability. (2) Methods: The obtained hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel membrane with dispersed melatonin (MEL), metronidazole (MZ), and tetracycline (T) was completely characterized through FTIR, XRD, thermal analysis, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, zeta potential and dielectric analysis. The MTT viability test was applied to check the cytotoxicity of the obtained membranes, while the microbiological assessment was performed against strains of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. The spectrophotometric investigations allowed to follow up the release profile from the HA matrix for MEL, MZ, and T present in the topical treatment considered. We studied the behavior of the active compounds against the pH of the generated environment, and the release profile of the bioactive formulation based on the specific comportment towards pH variation. The controlled delivery of the bioactive compounds using HA as a supportive matrix was modeled applying Korsmeyer–Peppas, Higuchi, first-order kinetic models, and a newly proposed pseudo-first-order kinetic model. (3) Results: It was observed that MZ and T were released at higher active concentrations than MEL when the pH was increased from 6.75, specific for patients with periodontitis, to a pH of 7.10, characterizing the healthy patients. Additionally, it was shown that for MZ, there is a burst delivery up to 2.40 × 10−5 mol/L followed by a release decrease, while for MEL and T a short release plateau was recorded up to a concentration of 1.80 × 10−5 mol/L for MEL and 0.90 × 10−5 mol/L for T, followed by a continuous release; (4) Conclusions: The results are encouraging for the usage of the HA membrane matrix as releasing vehicle for the active components of the proposed topical treatment at a physiological pH.
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Jyoti, Jyoti, and Sandeep Kumar. "INNOVATIVE AND NOVEL STRATEGY: MICROSPONGES FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5 (September 6, 2018): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1885.

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Microsponge type of drug delivery is the latest technology which has been introduced in topical skin care, drug products to facilitate the controlled release of the active medicament into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and control local cutaneous reactions to active drugs. Microsponge can be loaded into a topical route of drug delivery system for the residue of dosage form of skin and thus controlled release drug delivery system is achieved and in return improving the patient compliance by providing target drug delivery system and prolonging dosage intervals. Microsponge is polymeric delivery systems composed of porous microspheres. They are tiny sponge-like spherical particles and posses large porous surface area. Furthermore, they may enhance stability, reduce side effects, improve patient compliance and modify drug release. Microsponges are the polymer-based microspheres system that has the capacity to entrap a wide variety of substances, and can then be incorporated into a different formulation. Keywords: Microsponge Delivery System, Quasi- emulsion solvent diffusion.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

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Rahmani, Neishaboor Elham. "Topical and local controlled release of stratifin for the improvement of hypertrophic scarring in open and surgically closed wounds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31667.

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Hypertrophic scar (HS), which results from the uncontrolled synthesis and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) at sites of dermal injury, represents an undesirable endpoint of wound healing. Stratifin (SFN) was recently identified as a potent matrix methaloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) stimulatory factor in dermal fibroblasts. In this research project, it is hypothesized that stratifin can modulate the deposition of ECM components and prevent HS formation when it is applied topically to open wounds or locally delivered to surgically closed wounds. Four specific objectives were accomplished in this project. Under objective 1, a hydrogel /microsphere dermal implant was fabricated, specifically to be placed in surgical wounds before closure and locally deliver stratifin in a controlled manner to reduce HS formation. Microencapsulating stratifin complexed chitosan particles into PLGA microspheres allowed bioactive stratifin to be controllably released over 30 days with a reduced burst release. Under objective 2, use of a rat surgical wound model showed that the local controlled delivery of stratifin markedly reduced fibrosis and inflammation induced by drug-free implants, confirmed by a reduced collagen deposition, total tissue cellularity, and infiltrated CDHypertrophic scar (HS), which results from the uncontrolled synthesis and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) at sites of dermal injury, represents an undesirable endpoint of wound healing. Stratifin (SFN) was recently identified as a potent matrix methaloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) stimulatory factor in dermal fibroblasts. In this research project, it is hypothesized that stratifin can modulate the deposition of ECM components and prevent HS formation when it is applied topically to open wounds or locally delivered to surgically closed wounds. Four specific objectives were accomplished in this project. Under objective 1, a hydrogel /microsphere dermal implant was fabricated, specifically to be placed in surgical wounds before closure and locally deliver stratifin in a controlled manner to reduce HS formation. Microencapsulating stratifin complexed chitosan particles into PLGA microspheres allowed bioactive stratifin to be controllably released over 30 days with a reduced burst release. Under objective 2, use of a rat surgical wound model showed that the local controlled delivery of stratifin markedly reduced fibrosis and inflammation induced by drug-free implants, confirmed by a reduced collagen deposition, total tissue cellularity, and infiltrated CD³⁺ immune cells. Under objective 3, the anti-fibrogenic effect of topically applied stratifin was investigated on open wounds created in a rabbit ear fibrotic model. Qualitative wound assessment showed a reduced HS in wounds treated with stratifin-impregnated CMC gel (0.002%, w/w) applied twice a day, confirmed with reduced scar volume including deposited collagen and total tissue cellularity. Under objective 4, CMC gel was modified into a thermoreversible emulgel, which demonstrated a significant effect on scar reduction through its occlusive effect. Using this emulgel and combining stratifin with acetylsalicylic acid significantly reduced HS, even with once a day application. In conclusion, the findings presented in this thesis provide further support for the importance and feasibility of using stratifin as an MMP-1 stimulatory factor for the improvement/prevention of dermal fibrosis in open and surgically closed wounds. These findings also provide additional information regarding controlled delivery of proteins to any kind of wounds, such as those resulting from surgical or burns. immune cells. Under objective 3, the anti-fibrogenic effect of topically applied stratifin was investigated on open wounds created in a rabbit ear fibrotic model. Qualitative wound assessment showed a reduced HS in wounds treated with stratifin-impregnated CMC gel (0.002%, w/w) applied twice a day, confirmed with reduced scar volume including deposited collagen and total tissue cellularity. Under objective 4, CMC gel was modified into a thermoreversible emulgel, which demonstrated a significant effect on scar reduction through its occlusive effect. Using this emulgel and combining stratifin with acetylsalicylic acid significantly reduced HS, even with once a day application. In conclusion, the findings presented in this thesis provide further support for the importance and feasibility of using stratifin as an MMP-1 stimulatory factor for the improvement/prevention of dermal fibrosis in open and surgically closed wounds. These findings also provide additional information regarding controlled delivery of proteins to any kind of wounds, such as those resulting from surgical or burns.
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Kundu, Subhas C. "Preparation and evaluation of multiple emulsions as controlled release topical drug delivery systems /." 1990. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/128374381.pdf.

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Chou, Joyce Tian-wei. "Product formulations and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of 1) topical insect repellent formualtions against mosquitoes; 2) oral sustained release formulations of cefaclor and pentoxifylline in adults." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34667.

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Books on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

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1961-, Osborne David W., Amann Anton H. 1942-, and Colloid and Surface Science Symposium (61st : 1987 : Ann Arbor, Mich.), eds. Topical drug delivery formulations. New York: M. Dekker, 1990.

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F, Kydonieus Agis, and Berner Bret, eds. Transdermal delivery of drugs. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1987.

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1938-, Kydonieus Agis F., and Berner Bret, eds. Transdermal delivery of drugs. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1987.

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F, Kydonieus Agis, and Berner Bret, eds. Transdermal delivery of drugs. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1987.

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Osborne, David W., and Anton H. Amann. Topical Drug Delivery Formulations. Taylor & Francis Group, 1989.

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Chou, Joyce Tian-wei. Product formulations and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of 1) topical insect repellent formualtions against mosquitoes; 2) oral sustained release formulations of cefaclor and pentoxifylline in adults. 1995.

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Pope, Elizabeth M., Catarina Brandão, and Cedric C. Sanders. Scientific Congresses: What is Our Future? Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.editorial.

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As we write these words, the COVID-19 pandemic has become part of our lives in a much more controlled way. For instance, some of our habits have changed and we are able to resume our activities in the way of a “new normal,” returning to social contact with family, friends, and colleagues. In returning to a life without the constraint of the virus at such a high level, the academy tries to resume its rituals, including scholarly events. Email boxes and physical boards at universities are once again filling up with calls for submission of abstracts for congresses, seminars, and workshops. As these events are happening again, academia seems to be reflecting on the pros and cons of onsite scientific events. While acknowledging the importance of such scientific events and their potential for strengthening scholarly communities and collaborations, many academics have begun questioning the real impact of being physically present. This questioning seems to be based on several factors. On the one hand, it is clear that universities have been increasingly devaluing academics’ presence in congresses (unless by invitation). They allocate less funding for these activities, especially for those academics who wish to attend an event without presentation. With no presentation, institutions devalue attendance in performance appraisal processes. Increasingly, academic institutions value publications (indexed, despite some positive movement seeking to counter the tyranny of the “publish or perish” motto), and an academics ability to raise funding. Yet, not all congresses are associated with publication processes in indexed journals or proceedings. Books of abstracts (once edited by any congress) are almost extinct, namely because of their devaluation by institutes of higher learning (and funding entities). On the other hand, the massive and necessary use of online scientific events in 2020 and 2021 allowed us to realize that it is possible, efficient, and effective to hold these events in a format different from the traditional one. The internet offers versatility and more and more congresses are now offered online or in hybrid formats. These formats allow academics to overcome financial and physical complications caused by in-person scholarly events. Academics can request less funding and, at the same time, mitigate concerns of acceptance without presentations, covering classes while away, or having to supplement university sponsorship with personal funds. At some universities, funding comes after attendance regardless of availability of those funds and academics are asked to pay registration fee, plane tickets, and lodging with the expectation of being reimbursed upon return. This is particularly challenging given the present economic situation around the globe. At the same time, while physically at the event and away from families, work continues to accumulate for academics. They then must wade through this excess upon returning home, adding to an already excessive workload. This makes maintaining a work-life balance challenging. We at New Trends in Qualitative Research (NTQR) believe it is particularly relevant to discuss this topic within the context of the release of NTQR Volume 11. NTQR is an indexed journal associated with international scientific events in the field of qualitative research - Congreso Ibero-Americano en Investigación Cualitativa (CIAIQ) and the World Conference on Qualitative Research (WCQR). Specifically, the volume that we edit here aggregates works that, having been originally presented at WCQR2022 (held in an online format), went through a double-blind review process. This volume, annually edited (as WCQR is an annual event), allows us, as editors, to condense a diverse set of qualitative research work, focusing on different topics, and with different methodological designs. And, our concern as editors has always been to assure the quality of the published works, namely through a careful review and editing process. We do not know if we are ready to give up our physical presence at scientific events. But, with opportunities such as online presentations and online publishing venues, we may now be much more judicious in this presence. We may now take time to ponder the relevance of investing in attending a scientific event, and selecting (hand-drawn) two or three events per year, at most. WCQR has a strong emphasis in the building of a scientific community (in this case, bonded by the interest in qualitative research), reconciling physical and online presence, and is associated with quality journals. These aspects help academics to select it as one of the events where it is important to be present. Sincerely, The Editors
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Book chapters on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

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Jana, Sougata, Arijit Gandhi, and Kalyan Kumar Sen. "Nanocomplexes for Topical Drug Delivery." In Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release, 19–36. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429299520-2.

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Kondiah, P. D., Yahya E. Choonara, Zikhona Hayiyana, Pariksha J. Kondiah, Thashree Marimuthu, Lisa C. du Toit, Pradeep Kumar, and Viness Pillay. "Multi-Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Encapsulation Entities for Multifaceted Topical Drug Delivery Applications." In Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release, 1–17. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429299520-1.

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Franco, Paola, and Iolanda De Marco. "Oral Fast and Topical Controlled Ketoprofen Release Through Supercritical Fluids Based Processes." In Advances in Bionanomaterials II, 164–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47705-9_15.

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Gruber, James V., Louis Punto, and Peter Dow. "Chromospheres®: Controlled Topical Actives Release Technology." In Delivery System Handbook for Personal Care and Cosmetic Products, 353–64. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551504-3.50022-5.

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"Topical release and permeation studies of propranolol hydrochloride from hydrophilic polymeric matrices." In Pharmaceutical Technology: Controlled Drug Release Vol 2, 89–100. CRC Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203979099-15.

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"SLN and Lipopearls for Topical Delivery of Active Compounds and Controlled Release." In Modified-Release Drug Delivery Technology, 595–612. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203910337-50.

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Wissing, Sylvia Andrea, and Rainer Helmut M√ºller. "SLN and Lipopearls for Topical Delivery of Active Compounds and Controlled Release." In Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, 571–87. Informa Healthcare, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203910337.ch47.

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Rajput, Ankita, Palvi Sharma, Ritika Sharma, and Shubham Thakur. "Novel Topical Drug Delivery Systems in Ophthalmic Applications." In Dosage Forms [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108915.

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The eye is the utmost attention-grabbing organ owed to its drug disposition characteristics. Generally, topical application (90% are eye drops) is the method of choice because of its patient compliance and safety. Transcorneal penetration is the major route for ophthalmic drug absorption. However, corneal absorption has been observed to be slower process as compared to elimination. Therefore, conventional dosage forms are associated with rapid precorneal drug loss. Thus, to improve ocular drug bioavailability, there is a substantial effort directed toward the development of novel topical drug delivery systems for ophthalmic administration. These novel delivery systems (Contact lenses, In situ gels, Microemulsions, Niosomes, Liposomes, Implants, Microspheres, and Micelles) provide the controlled release behaviour for treating the chronic ailments, and help patients and doctors to curtail the dosing frequency and invasive method of treatment. Hence, the current chapter discusses the progress of novel topical ocular drug delivery systems in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Chandel, Arvind Kumar Singh. "Devices for Controlled Release Advancements and Effectiveness." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 103–34. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4969-7.ch005.

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The term control release means the release of the molecules from any reservoir in very precise and constant amounts and following zero-order or near-to-zero-order release kinetics. This type of formulation and device has a huge market over the medical world. The basic foundation of sustained release drug delivery system enhances the biopharmaceutical and pharmacodynamics pharmacokinetic properties of a drug in such a way that its usefulness is exploited, side-effects are reduced, and cure of the disease is attained easily. The international controlled-release drug delivery technology market has been divided on the basis of technology, application, release mechanism, and geography. This chapter describes these topics: metered dose inhalers, transdermal and ocular patches, drug eluting stents, activation-modulated drug delivery systems, polymer coating systems microelectromechanical technology, implants, micro reservoir partition controlled drug delivery systems, hydrophilic polymer matrix systems, targeted delivery, enzyme activated device.
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Naghib, Seyed Morteza, Samin Hoseinpour, and Shadi Zarshad. "Composites in Localized Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (LCDDSs)." In Localized Micro/Nanocarriers for Programmed and On-Demand Controlled Drug Release, 93–119. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815051636122010006.

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Localized controlled drug delivery systems (LCDDSs) have become the main topic in drug delivery, tissue engineering and pharmaceutical science by enhancing formulations and processes of controlled delivery. The side effects and problems of materials/biomaterials are critical and may lead to several issues, such as reducing the effective drug dose, delaying the treatment process, and not having a particular continuous treatment. Therefore, composites composed of hybrid materials/biomaterials with excellent release properties, biocompatibility, stability and biodegradability, with local adjusted release rates, are an alternate choice for protective drug delivery. Several approaches to fabricating composite-based LCDDSs include emulsification-solvent evaporation, spray drying, electrospraying, supercritical fluids processing, microfluidics, and nanoprecipitation/solvent displacement and emulsion. This chapter describes the advances in micro/nanoscaled composite-based LCDDSs and their fabrication methods.
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Conference papers on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

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Micheli, Marco, Wolfgang Kappis, Gianfranco Guidati, and Markus Felderhoff. "Compressor Design From Specification to Validation: Application of a Fast and Reliable Process." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59217.

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To support customer requirements for existing power plants inside the Service business Alstom did develop over the years a fast and reliable design process for compressors. This has meanwhile been proven with several engines. Besides high-end technologies, main focus is given on the interdisciplinary alignment. The application for an upgraded product for the mature fleet will be briefly shown. The blading re-design is based on Controlled Diffusion Airfoil (CDA) technology, individually optimized for every single blade row. Together with mechanically optimized thin blades this results in high compressor efficiency and surge margin. The CDA blading technology has been introduced in Alstom during 1990s. Therefore extended experience on this technology is available and has been manifested in design rules & criteria. The interdisciplinary blading concept and optimization is done with in-house 2D & 3D CFD codes for aerodynamics and FEM codes for mechanical integrity. To speed-up the design process, task-optimized tools are used for specific topics. All tools are linked into a design system and have an interface to a CAM system. Aerodynamic and FEM codes have been tuned/well-calibrated according to the past experience. A review process with experts is applied at certain milestones for technical and commercial issues. During blading design usually several disciplines are involved. This causes a challenge to organize the corresponding resources. Alstom uses a different approach: tasks are partly executed independent from the disciplines with standard tools. Nevertheless the final release stays inside the ownership of the expert discipline. This means e.g. that simplified tools are developed for pre-checks to be done by any discipline and the final check with high-end tools is done by the experts. This ensures a highly flexible and fast interdisciplinary approach. To validate the design and operation range of the upgraded compressors special attention is paid on testing. This reveals usually in a pre-test for the baseline engine and a post-test for the upgraded engine. For validation purposes a full compressor mapping under load and idle is done for both test series. Additional measurements for pressure rise inside the engine and validation of natural frequencies and stresses to certain blades is applied. The evaluation of the measurement data is used to confirm the improved compressor design and to check achievement of guaranteed performance figures. In addition the surge margin is measured to confirm that the upgraded compressor can be safely operated under all condition.
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2

Brandner, Juergen J., Eugen Anurjew, Edgar Hansjosten, Stefan Maikowske, Ulrich Schygulla, and Alice Vittoriosi. "Microstructure Devices for Water Evaporation." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30700.

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Evaporation of liquids is of major interest for many topics in process engineering. One of these is chemical process engineering, where evaporation of liquids and generation of superheated steam is mandatory for numerous processes. Generally, this is performed by use of classical pool boiling and evaporation process equipment. Another possibility is creating mixtures of gases and liquids, combined with a heating of this haze. Both methods provide relatively limited performance. Due to the advantages of microstructure devices especially in chemical process engineering [1] the interest in microstructure evaporators and steam generators have been increased through the last decade. In this publication several microstructure devices used for evaporation and generation of steam as well as superheating will be described. Here, normally electrically powered devices containing micro channels as well as non-channel microstructures are used due to better controllability of the temperature level. Micro channel heat exchangers have been designed, manufactured and tested at the Institute for Micro Process Engineering of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology for more than 15 years. Starting with the famous Karlsruhe Cube, a cross-flow micro channel heat exchanger of various dimensions, not only conventional heat transfer between liquids or gases have been theoretically and experimentally examined but also phase transition from liquids to gases (evaporation) and condensation of liquids. However, the results obtained with sealed microstructure devices have often been unsatisfying. Thus, to learn more onto the evaporation process itself, an electrically powered device for optical inspection of the microstructures and the processes inside has been designed and manufactured [2]. This was further optimized and improved for better controllability and reliable experiments [3]. Exchangeable metallic micro channel array foils as well as an optical inspection of the evaporation process by high-speed videography have been integrated into the experimental setup. Fundamental research onto the influences of the geometry and dimensions of the integrated micro channels, the inlet flow distribution system geometry as well as the surface quality and surface coatings of the micro channels have been performed. While evaporation of liquids in crossflow and counterflow or co-current flow micro channel devices is possible, it is, in many cases, not possible to obtain superheated steam due to certain boundary conditions [4]. In most cases, the residence time is not sufficiently long, or the evaporation process itself can not be stabilized and controlled precisely enough. Thus, a new design was proposed to obtain complete evaporation and steam superheating. This microstructure evaporator consists of a concentric arrangement of semi-circular walls or semi-elliptic walls providing at least two nozzles to release the generated steam. The complete arrangement forms a row of circular blanks. An example of such geometry is shown in Figure 8. A maximum power density of 1400 kW · m−2 has been transferred using similar systems, while liquid could be completely evaporated and the generated steam superheated. This is, compared to liquid heat exchanges, a small value, but it has to be taken in account that the specific heat capacity of vapor is considerably smaller than that of liquids. It could also be shown that the arrangement in circular blanks with semi-elliptic side walls acts as a kind of micro mixer for the remaining liquid and generated steam and, therefore, enhances the evaporation.
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Reports on the topic "Controlled Release Topical"

1

Saillant, Eric, Jason Lemus, and James Franks. Culture of Lobotes surinamensis (Tripletail). Mississippi Department of Marine Resources, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/ose.001.

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The Tripletail, Lobotes surinamensis, is a pelagic fish found in tropical and sub-tropical waters of all oceans. Tripletails are often associated with floating debris and make frequent incursions in bays and estuaries where they are targeted by recreational fishermen. In Mississippi waters the species is typically present during the late spring and summer season that also correspond to the period of sexual maturation and spawning (Brown-Peterson and Franks 2001). Tripletail is appreciated as a gamefish but is also prized for its flesh of superior quality. The fast growth rate of juveniles in captivity documented by Franks et al. (2001) and the excellent quality of Tripletail flesh both contribute to the potential of this species for marine aquaculture. In addition, the production of cultured juveniles would be precious to develop a better understanding of the biology, early life history and habitat use of Tripletail larvae and juveniles, a topic largely undocumented to date, through experimental releases and controlled studies. The culture of tripletail thus supports the Tidelands Trust Fund Program through improved conservation of natural resources, potential enhancement of fisheries productivity and potential development of a new economic activity on the Gulf coast producing tripletail via aquaculture. The Objective of this project was to initiate development of methods and techniques needed to spawn captive held tripletail broodfish and raise their offspring to evaluate their growth and development in captivity. In this report we will present the results of studies aiming to develop methods and protocols for captive spawning of tripletail and the first data obtained on the early development of tripletail larvae. A major issue that was encountered with tripletail broodstock development during the project lied in the difficulties associated with identifying the sex of adults caught in the wild and candidates for being incorporated in mating sets for spawning. This issue was addressed during the course of the project by examining the potential of a non-lethal method of hormonal sexing. The results of these preliminary investigations are presented in the third part of this report. All protocols used in the project were determined with the guidance of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the University of Southern Mississippi (USM IACUC protocol number 10100108).
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