Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contrôle de la Pression'
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Boudreau, Alex. "Contrôle actif du bruit acoustique des ventilateurs haute pression." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0034/MQ67250.pdf.
Full textBoudreau, Alex. "Contrôle actif du bruit acoustique des ventilateurs haute pression." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1998. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1076.
Full textGauthier, Christophe. "Commande multivariable de la pression d'injection dans un moteur diesel Common Rail." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0054.
Full textVehicle exhaust emissions are today more and more restrictive. Common Rail engines allow to reach these requirements thanks to the high pressure injection. This pressure can vary from 200 up to 1600 bar according to the engine torque and speed. The goal of this work is to define the rail pressure controller based on the Common Rail features and to improve performance and robustness. Works have been done as follows: study of the Common Rail system and development of the physical model ; development of strategies and command laws ; real tests on vehicle. Vehicle tests showed a high improvement on performance and robustness thanks to the new methodology based on the Common Rail features and the advanced command laws (H8 control for Linear Parameter Varying systems). In particular the Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) approach has been considered
Lantelme, Pierre. "Système rénine-angiotensine et contrôle de la pression artérielle chez le rat." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T297.
Full textPensec, Ronan. "Contrôle non destructif par émission acoustique des aciers pour équipements sous pression." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1297.
Full textCarpreau, Jean-Michel. "Contrôle des capacités à pression en acier inoxydable austénitique par émission acoustique." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD489.
Full textMosetlhe, Thapelo Cornelius. "Contrôle de la pression sans modèle dans les réseau de distribution d'eau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG073.
Full textManagement of water distribution networks (WDNs) is critical for the security of water resources. Climate variability increases the need to properly manage the available resources. A significant amount of water is lost in water supply systems in South Africa, and the quantity of these losses depends mostly on the pressure in the system. Therefore, pressure control in WDNs is one of the interventions commonly employed to improve the reliability and sustainability of the water supply. Excessive pressure in water supply systems (WSSs) increases water loss and pipe breakages, and the need for frequent repairs. On the other hand, inadequate pressure could lead to inward flows (infections) into the system and/or non-delivery of water to the end-user. This could lead to ill-health for the end-user and to socio-economic issues in the society.In general, the pressure control problem is addressed by installing pressure-reducing valves (PRVs) in WDNs and determining their appropriate settings. Various approaches have been proposed to determine the appropriate settings. Classical, optimal and advanced control schemes have been used. These methods rely on the accuracy of a model in order to precisely control a real WDN. Therefore, any variation between the parameters of a model and a real WDN could render a control scheme useless.This research project now proposes the utilisation of the reinforcement learning (RL) technique to control node pressures in WDNs. An emulator-based quadratic approximation of the hydraulic simulation is used as an environment interacting with the RL agent. From these interactions, the RL agent receives the data on current pressures and then proposes appropriate control settings of the PRVs. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with the conventional optimisation scheme that is commonly used for simulation cases. The results show that the proposed scheme can achieve the desired results, when compared to the benchmark optimisation procedure. However, unlike the optimisation procedure, the proposed scheme achieved the results without the numerical solution of the WDNs. Therefore, this scheme could be applicable in situations where the model of a network is not well defined
Cuvier, Christophe. "Contrôle actif du décollement d'une couche limite turbulente en gradient de pression adverse." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752207.
Full textCuvier, Christophe. "Contrôle actif du décollement d’une couche limite turbulente en gradient de pression adverse." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0015/document.
Full textFlow control allows to suppress boundary layers separation, which largely deteriorates the performances of machineries which interact with fluid (aircraft, cars, turbomachineries, etc.). This study concentrates more particularly on active flow control with continuous jets. A ramp model which allows to manipulate the boundary layer equilibrium was realized and set in Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille wind tunnel. The first part of the work was to characterize the flow over the model with wool-tufts and oil-film visualisations, pressure distribution, hot-wire anemometry and PIV measurements. The aim was to define a ramp configuration for the flow control study and to know precisely the characteristics of the retained flow. The selected configuration corresponds to an adverse pressure gradient flow followed by a separation on the flap, which mimics the flow on the suction side of a wing. With friction probes coupled with wool-tufts visualisations, passive actuators and active continuous jets were studied and optimised. Finally, some of the optimum active configurations found were characterized in more details with PIV measurements over the entire separated region. It appears that continuous jets do not suppress the separation mechanisms, but only reduce their intensity and squeeze them more or less against the wall
Casanova, Jean-Jérôme. "Analyse et contrôle de systèmes fluide-structure avec conditions limites sur la pression." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30073/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the well-posedness (existence, uniqueness, regularity) and the control of fluid-structure system with boundary conditions involving the pressure. The fluid part of the system is described by the incompressible Navier- Stokes equations in a 2D rectangular type domain coupled with a 1D damped beam equation localised on a boundary part of the fluid domain. In Chapter 2 we investigate the existence of strong solutions for this model. We prove optimal regularity results for the Stokes system with mixed boundary conditions in non-regular domains. These results are then used to obtain the local-in-time existence and uniqueness of strong solutions for the fluid-structure system without smallness assumption on the initial data. Chapter 3 uses the previous analysis in the framework of periodic (in time) solutions. We develop a criteria for the existence of periodic solutions for an abstract parabolic system. This criteria is then used on the fluid- structure system to prove the existence of a periodic and regular in time strict solution, provided that the periodic source terms are small enough. In Chapter 4 we study the stabilisation of the fluid-structure system in a neighbourhood of a periodic solution. The underlying linear system involves an operator A(t) with a domain which depends on time. We prove the existence of a parabolic evolution operator for this linear system. This operator is then used to apply the Floquet theory and to describe the asymptotic behaviour of the system. We adapt the known results for an operator with constant domain to the case of operators with non constant domain. We obtain the exponential stabilisation of the linear system with control acting on a part of the boundary of the fluid domain
Hamdan, Hani. "Développement de méthodes de classification pour le contrôle par émission acoustique d'appareils à pression." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1583.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with real-time computer-aided decision for acoustic emission-based control of pressure equipments. The addressed problem is the taking into account of the location uncertainty of acoustic emission signals, in the mixture model-based clustering. Two new algorithms (EM and CEM for uncertain data) are developed. These algorithms are only based on uncertainty zone data and their development is carried out by optimizing new likelihood criteria adapted to this kind of data. In order to speed up the data processing when the data size becomes very big, we have also developed a new method for the discretization of uncertainty zone data. This method is compared with the traditional one applied to imprecise data. An experimental study using simulated and real data shows the efficiency of the various developed approaches
Dang, Cong Lu. "Rôles des canaux K+ K2P TASK1 et TASK3 dans le contrôle de la sécrétion d'aldostérone dans la glande surrénale." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4002.
Full textPotassium channels control the membrane voltage of aldosterone-producing zona glomerulosa cells. They are responsible for the unique K+ sensitivity of these cells and are important molecular targets of angiotensin II signaling. Among the 78 pore-forming K+ channels in human genome only a few are found in adrenal glands. The 2-P-domain K+ (K2P) channels TASK1 and TASK3 are strongly expressed in the adrenal cortex both in rodents and humans. They produce a background K+ conductance, which is pivotal for the regulation of the aldosterone secretion in zona glomerulosa cells. Disruption of the Task1 (kcnk3) gene in mice resulted in an autonomous aldosterone production and caused a remarkable aberrant expression of aldosterone synthase in zona fasciculate cells that normally produce glucocorticoids. Therefore, Task1-/- mice show severe hyperaldosteronism independent of salt intake, hypokalemia and hypertension. Hyperaldosteronime and zonation are restricted to females in adults. Zonation is corrected by testosterone in adult males that showed restored salt controlled aldosterone synthesis and blood pressure. Adult males double knockout mice for Task1 and Task3 K+ channels display partially autonomous aldosterone production. Single Task3 gene (Kcnk9) invalidation results in ~30 mV depolarization of adrenocortical cells and spontaneous, angiotensin-independent Ca2+ oscillations in glomerulosa cells in fresh adrenal slices. Surprisingly, these marked cellular modifications only lead to a subtle impairment of aldosterone secretion in vivo. Task3-/- mice present with normal plasma aldosterone under normal salt diet and show intact regulation of aldosterone secretion by high dietary K+. Low Na+ diet provokes the expected increase in plasma aldosterone, but Task3-/- mice fail to decrease their aldosterone production under high Na+ diet. Apparently, the basal aldosterone secretion in Task3-/- mice is maintained despite the depolarized state of glomerulosa cells and, in contrast to wildtype animals, aldosterone secretion is largely independent of the renin angiotensin system. Plasma renin activity is decreased in Task3-/- mice and the aldosterone/renin ratio, an indicator of autonomous aldosterone production, is elevated. This suggests that Task3-/- mice are prone to a salt-sensitive hypertension? Indeed, blood pressure is increased in knockout animals under high salt diet. In humans, an association of TASK3 (KCNK9) gene variants with high aldosterone/renin ratio is found in a cohort of middle-aged healthy volunteers. These k2P KO animals models demonstrate that TASK1 and TASK3 channels plays important roles in functional zonation of adrenal glands (TASK1) and in the adaptation of aldosterone secretion to the level of salt intake (TASK3)
Sauvet, Fabien. "Effets de la privation aiguë de sommeil sur la régulation de la pression artérielle et le contrôle de la vasomotricité." Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587858/fr/.
Full textSleep deprivation is associated with an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity, blood pressure (BP) and pro-inflammatory status that may induce endothelial dysfunction, a key factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Mechanisms that link endothelial dysfunction to total sleep deprivation (TSD) are not actually known. The aim of our work was to assess the impact of TSD on vasomotricity and relationships with BP changes and immuno-inflammatory responses. In the first part, we observed, in healthy young men, that 40 hours TSD induce a decrease of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilatation and an increase in plasma levels of endothelial activation markers. This endothelial dysfunction appeared before the increase in BP and sympathetic activity and was associated with higher plasma levels of TNF-α, and TNF-α mRNA levels in white blood cells. In a second study, we showed that 29 hours TSD induce a decrease in digital skin temperature and vascular conductance during a cold water immersion test (30 min, 5°C bath) and during the subsequent passive rewarming. This decrease of local tolerance to cold, found without modification in BP and central temperature, was associated with an increase of plasma levels of endothelin-1. In the second part, we demonstrated that the decrease of endothelial- and current- induced vasodilation observed after 24 hours of awaking were independent of BP changes, in sympathectomised (reserpined) rats. We also observed a decrease of NO and prostacyclines (PGI2) pathways activity after TSD. These results were associated with an increase in plasma levels of TNF-α, and IL-6. In conclusion, our results suggest that TSD, in healthy subjects, is a sufficient stress to trigger an endothelial dysfunction and low grade inflammation, leading to a decrease in vascular reactivity. This phenomenon is initially independent on changes in BP and sympathetic activity and is the consequence of immuno-inflammatory responses
Létienne, Robert. "Variabilité à court terme de la pression artérielle chez le rat : bases hémodynamiques et contrôle neuro-humoral." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T116.
Full textMasclet, David. "Pression des pairs et incitation à l'effort : fondements théoriques et évidence expérimentale." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/masclet_d.
Full textIn recent years, models of peer pressure which have been developed are essentially models of mutual monitoring insofar as they assume that the only choice confronting agents in determining the peer pressure environment is to specify their monitoring effort. In this thesis, we aim at considering a model of peer pressure where the agents decide on the sanctions to impose to eventual free riders. When sanctioning is costly, a rational money maximizer will never punish. As a consequence, subjects will shirk because they anticipate that they will never be punished. We conduced several experimental treatments to explore the validity of the theoretical predictions on the efficiency of peer pressure. The experiments simulate team production and allow subject to punish the other members. Our results indicate that subjects often engage in costly punishment of shirkers and that the availability of punishment increases cooperation. Moreover, the efficiency of peer pressure is strongly correlated with the cost and the nature of the sanction. We find that the increase in cooperation is not only due to the willingness to avoid monetary consequences of sanctions but also to avoid disapproval of the peers. This analysis also provides evidence that subjects sanction their peers for two main reasons. The first explanation is that subject punish their peers because they expect that sanctions might have positive effects on future cooperation. The second explanation relies upon considerations of fairness: subjects are willing to sanction their peers in order to reduce inequity of payoffs. So full cooperation, as observed in the experiments, would be sustained as an equilibrium outcome if subjects would be sufficiently inequity averse
Torredème, Sophie. "Analyse et modélisation de la pression cylindre pour le contrôle des moteurs à allumage commandé." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT085H.
Full textEnnaceur, Chiraz. "Contrôle et identification par émission acoustique de l'endommagement dans des aciers pour équipements sous pression." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1506.
Full textKamel, Bernard. "Développement, caractérisation et optimisation d'un capteur de pression intégré sur une bougie d'allumage." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20024/document.
Full textRecent environmentally-friendly norms and global demands for lower emissions and lower fuel consumption on gasoline engines require innovative combustion strategies, whereby air/fuel mixture should be meticulously controlled through a real time pressure feed-back sensor. In-cylinder pressure control has shown to be a key technology that enables an optimized coordination of an air/fuel mixture, and exhaust gas recirculation through closed loop control.Nowadays real time in-cylinder pressure measurement is not provided on passenger's cars. Thus far it has been implemented on specific engine for development of particular applications such as engine control. Several obstacles prevent the integration of pressure sensors on new engines such as high production cost of this device and its complex implementation on a standard engine. The Gasoline Combustion Sensor™ (GCS) is a non-intrusive in-cylinder pressure sensor integrated into a spark plug which has direct access to the combustion chamber. It answers the automotive integration constraints performance and reliability and allows in-cylinder pressure measurement up to 200bar, knock and misfiring detection.Such sensors allow for combustion follow-up in a real-time direct mode required for auto ignition combustion whereby fast feedback of combustion events enables fine tuning and individual cylinder spark/fuel management. It operates on the ignition as well as on the injection to optimize the combustion and reduce fuel consumption by an average of 1.4% under steady-state conditions, which will reduce harmful emissions by about 10%. The present thesis relates to the development of a low-cost pressure sensor which will be a basic requirement for future engine generations. It consists on two different sensing element types, one is based on piezoelectric ceramic, and the other comprises piezo-resistive strain gauge system directly embedded on the ceramic insulator. During this analysis, mechanical problems have been emphasized and a section was dedicated to resolve the problem of the pressure transmission to the sensing element reducing structure-borne noise on the sensor. Different mechanical concepts have been developed, where two categories have been selected.Chapter one describes the project in a global overview including sensor specifications and sensing principle, chapter two relates to the sensing element materialization including technology description. Proof body development based on piezoelectric sensor will be presented in detail in chapter three, while chapter four contains device characterization of both sensor types piezoelectric and piezo-resistive. Chapter five describes the signal processing and sensor packaging, and chapter six gives an optimization perspective of the device
Moreau, Jean-Christophe. "Application d'une méthode de chromatographie liquide haute pression à l'étude de nouveaux dérivés de l'acide clofibrique." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P164.
Full textMagnier, Pierre. "Etude expérimentale du contrôle d'écoulements aérodynamiques subsoniques par action de plasmas froids surfaciques à pression atmosphérique." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00264817.
Full textLaborde, Laurent. "Contrôle des profils de courant et de pression en temps réel dans les plasmas de tokamaks." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11065.
Full textBérard, Philippe. "Etude du vent ionique produit par décharge couronne à pression atmosphérique pour le contrôle d'écoulement aérodynamique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1085.
Full textThe studydeals with ionic wind produced by a corona discharge created by two electrodes connected to a high voltage power supply, in the aim to understand the phenomenaof the ionic wind and the parameters that control its velocity in air at amopsheric pressure. A parametric study is realized on the gas distance, the diameter and the material of the electrodes, the voltage, its polarity, the current and the gas nature. In parallel, a 2D steady-state numerical model of the discharge and of the ionic wind is developped, solving simultaneously the Poisson equation, the continuity equations for electrons, positive ions, negative ions and the Naviers-Stokes equations. The system is closed with expressions modelling the kinetics chemistry of the discharge and the transport of charges. The simulations have been done with FLUENT and complementar modules. The measurements show that the velocity of the ionic wind depends directly of the square root of the current. The geometrical parameters modify the current-voltage characterics. The material has no influence while the gas nature modifies the evolution of the velocity vs the current. Theses results are also fund with simulations which show that the secondary electron emission is neglectable in the studied configuration and that the ion mobility is important. The comparison between the measurements in differents gases helps to estimate the predominant ions in the ionic wind phenomenon. Simulations are in good agreement with experiments
Laforge, Albert. "Validation d'un nouvel appareil de mesure ambulatoire de la pression artérielle : Diasys integra." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M160.
Full textRéaux-Le, Goazigo Annabelle. "Nouvelles données sur le contrôle central de la pression artérielle et du métabolisme hydrosode par les neuropeptides." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA120012.
Full textSoubiran, Carole. "Métrologie : exemple de maitrise de processus de mesure, application à la mesure de pression et de température." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P064.
Full textGoncalves, Ilidio. "Contrôle de l'atmosphère des lampes à incandescence par une méthode non destructive." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30176.
Full textGraziani, Anthony. "Caractérisation et contrôle des fluctuations de pression en aval d'une marche montante : application au transport de fret ferroviaire." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0010.
Full textThe work presented in the framework of this doctoral thesis concerns the problem of the tarpaulins tearing off of semi-trailers conveyed by the motorways network. Indeed, the turbulent phenomena generated around such a convoy cause large pressure fluctuations on the walls, resulting in high amplitude movements leading to breakage over long periods of stress. This phenomenon can cause several types of incidents for the operator of the network (ignition by catenary contact, train delay, loss of goods,...), it is necessary to understand the physical phenomena involved and to define a flow control solution that take into account the rail industry constraints. To do this, an experimental and numerical study of the flow around a two-dimensional forward facing step configuration was carried out in order to characterize the influence of the different separated zones on the wall pressure fluctuations induced downstream of the step. For this purpose, a series of velocity field and wall pressure measurements were carried out in the Lamih wind tunnel. The experimental results could be compared with those obtained by a numerical approach under the same conditions. The flow analysis focused mainly on two points. The first concerns the dynamics of the recirculation zones interacting with the shear layer. A stochastic approach has been used, and has made it possible to highlight the dominant mechanisms at the origin of the phenomenon. The second point concerns the dynamical links between these mechanisms and the wall pressure fluctuations. A modal approach, based on an extended orthogonal decomposition, revealed the important contribution of the low frequencies in this case. Finally, a passive control solution (deflector) was tested and showed that the low frequency mechanisms suppression provide a wall pressure gain up to 36 % depending on configurations
Amrani, Kamel Eddine. "Pression totale au sein d'un sable : : etude de la réponse d'un capteur à contre pression." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0064.
Full textThe main objective of thise study is the measurement of the total pressur distribution within a sand mass subjected to vertical loading in a laboratory test. Special pressure gauges of "Mini-Götzl" type usaed for the laboratory studies. Our experimental studies were classified into mains categories: ->tests conducted on rigid rough base placed on loose sand subject to non monotonous vertical pressure. This set of tests permits us to follow the evolution of the local stress distribution within the mass, and to evaluate the repeatability and the reproducibility of the tests. -> Tests carried out on the stress measurement within a cylindrical sand mass sample subjected to controlled stress fiels. This enables us highlight the influence on the test results of various parameters such as : - The nature and the state of the sand, - The gauge position within the mass, - The type of the applied stresses (isotropic or deviatoric). Finally, the experimental results were compared with values obtained from numerical simulation of the problem
Prothin, Sébastien. "Intéraction entre un tourbillon et une couche limite : application au contrôle d'écoulement." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00531178.
Full textThe main objective of the present study is to experimentally investigate interactions between a longitudinal vortex and turbulent boundary layer that develops on NACA0015 foil. The vortex is generated upstream by a NACA0020 and the study is realized for low and high incidence angles. Experiments were carried out in hydrodynamic tunnel of French naval academy at high Reynolds number, the vortex is generated upstream by an elliptical wing of NACA0020 section. Measurement campaigns were conducted by LDV and PIV regarding the velocity field and gauge balance in regard to global efforts. This configuration can be found in applications of flow control (by use of vortex generators) or naval hydrodynamics interactions “hub vortex- rudder”. The originality of the studied configuration is the fact that the vortex is generated outside the boundary layer, unlike the typical configuration of flow control in aerodynamics, where the vortex is generated at a distance of about the thickness of boundary layer. The results showed that the presence of the vortex suppresses the hysteresis phenomenon in the static stall of NACA0015 profile, this being associated with a marked change in states of boundary layer bothin average value fluctuates. Indeed, for low impact, the presence of the vortex changes the longitudinal pressure gradient, so delaying the overall boundary layer separation while accelerating the fluid to the wall. For higher incidences, there is a re-attachment of the boundary layer in the inflow region (area of rapid fluid delivery to the wall). Dynamics of this flow is analyzed by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) in order to better understand the spatial alignment vortex in the wakeof bodies made great impact and controlled
Giansetti, Pascal. "Contrôle moteur à allumage commandéEstimation / prédiction de la masse et de la composition du mélange enfermé dans le cylindre." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110244.
Full textL'objectif était d'estimer la masse et la composition des gaz dans le cylindre d'un moteur à partir de lois physiques afin d'assurer un meilleur contrôle des phases transitoires en prenant en compte les gaz résiduels et les gaz recirculés.
La quantité de gaz résiduels a été caractérisée à l'aide de deux expériences et d'un code de calcul. Un modèle a été validé expérimentalement et intégré à un observateur prédicteur bouclé qui permet de prédire la pression et la température dans le collecteur. Les prédictions des différents flux de gaz et des espèces chimiques présents dans le cylindre en sont alors déduites.
L'observateur à été validé expérimentalement et en simulation. De plus, un algorithme permettant d'estimer la masse de gaz frais et brûlés à partir de la pression cylindre a été proposé pour obtenir l'information cycle à cycle et cylindre à cylindre.
François, Lacouture Juan Luis. "Étude de l'utilisation du plutonium dans les réacteurs à eau sous pression." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112017.
Full textRenac, Florent. "Contrôle expérimental de l'écoulement tourbillonnaire sur une aile delta." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119173.
Full textKandza, Patrice. "Rôle des fibres nerveuses sympathiques dans le contrôle de la pression artérielle chez le rat génétiquement hypertendu de souche lyonnaise." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1T020.
Full textGhouila-Houri, Cécile Juliette Suzanne. "Développement de micro-capteurs de frottement pariétal et de pression pour les mesures en écoulements turbulents et le contrôle de décollement." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0010.
Full textFlow control aims at artificially changing the natural behaviour of a flow. In transport industries, controlling fluidic phenomena such as boundary layer separation allows saving fuel and power, improving vehicles performances or insuring passenger’s safety. In this context, sensors with accurate spatial and temporal resolution are required. Such devices enable to estimate the flow to control and allow real-time adaptation of the control. In this work, the objective is to develop wall shear stress and pressure micro-sensors for turbulent flows measurements and flow separation control.Firstly, a calorimetric micro-sensor was designed and realized using micromachining techniques for measuring simultaneously the wall shear stress amplitude and the flow direction. Secondly, the micro-sensor was flush-mounted at the wall of a wind tunnel for static and dynamic calibrations. Thirdly, it was used to characterized separated flows. Several configurations were studied: separation on airfoil profile, separation and reattachment downstream a 2D square rib and the separation on a flap model. Several micro-sensors with embedded electronics were successfully integrated on a flap model and active flow control experiments were performed. Finally, the fourth part of the document concerns the development of a pressure micro-sensor and the development of a multi-parameter micro-sensor combining both technologies.All these micro-sensors have been successfully realized and characterized and demonstrate promising results for measuring turbulent flows and implementing closed loop reactive flow control
Robert, Olivier. "Développement d'un oscillateur analogique d'interface pour résonateur sur technologie CMOS en haute température (200°C) : application à un capteur MEMS de pression (1000 bar)." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066414.
Full textMoudden, Yassir. "Estimation de paramètres physiques de combustion par modélisation du signal d'ionisation et inversion paramétrique." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112004.
Full textThe work described in this thesis investigates the possibility of constructing an indirect measurement algorithm of relevant combustion parameters based on ionization signal processing. Indeed, automobile manufacturers are in need of low cost combustion diagnoses to enhance engine control. Because of the extreme complexity of the physical phenomena in which the ionization signal originates, the traditional model-based approach appeared unrealistic and did not bring about conclusive results. We hence turned to performing a blind statistical analysis of experimental data acquired on a test engine. The analysis of high dimensional data being notoriously awkward, it is necessary to first reduce the apparent dimension of the signal data, keeping in mind the necessity of preserving the information useful in terms of our estimation problem. The usual techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Projection Pursuit, etc. Are used to form and detect relevant variables. Further, a procedure for high dimensional data analysis derived as an extension of Exploratory Projection Pursuit, is suggested and shown to be a profitable tool. With this method, we seek interesting projections of high dimensional data by optimizing probabilistic measures of dependence such as Mutual Information, Hellinger divergence, etc. Finally, results are presented that demonstrate the quality and the stability of the low complexity in-cylinder peak pressure position estimators we derived, for a wide range of engine states
Boudreau, Alex. "Contrôle actif du bruit acoustique des ventilateurs haute pression." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textElfehri, Jalloul. "Support médical avancé anti-escarres : approche système." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10108/document.
Full textHaving regarded the aging population, the ulcer prevention has become a major concern of hospitals and other long-stay facilities. The goal of our study is to design and made a comfortable bed which will prevent the ulcer formation in an effective and autonomous way. The ulcer formation is the result of several physiological and physical parameters, but the interface pressure is the major factor in this formation mechanism. Then this study will be focused on this parameter to minimize his impact. To ensure an automatic control of the interface pressure distribution on the different body parts, the system must be able to measure the interface pressure value on all of the body parts. The analysis of these pressure values by our control system, allows the detection of risk areas and their removing. To act on the body zones with a risk of ulcers, the system is equipped with a set of actuators able to change the morphology of the device. The control of these actuators is provided by an algorithm designed specifically for our application. This algorithm uses information of the actual pressure distribution, and computes the set values of actuators which optimize the pressure distribution in a way to insure the lowest risk level, of ulcer formation
Picart, Laetitia. "Nouveaux procédés de conservation des aliments : champs électriques pulsés, traitements combinés haute pression-basse température, homogénéisation haute pression." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20227.
Full textGeorgescu, Irène. "La Pression Financière Interne, ses déterminants et ses effets sur les attitudes et comportements: le cas de l'hôpital public français." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560745.
Full textProthin, Sebastien. "Interaction entre un tourbillon et une couche limite. Application au contrôle d'écoulement." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00531178.
Full textSadli, Mohammad. "Equilibre liquide-vapeur du potassium dans un four caloduc contrôle en pression : vers une référence secondaire de température entre 600 et 840c." Paris, CNAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CNAM0301.
Full textMariaux, Gilles. "Etude du comportement dynamique de circuits aérauliques : application au contrôle actif des variations rapides de pression dans les trains à grande vitesse." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2257.
Full textSebert, Marie-Émilie. "Rôle des facteurs environnementaux dans le contrôle de l'axe gonadotrope de l'anguille européenne : étude des effets de la pression hydrostatique et de la mélatonine." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10260.
Full textEnvironmental factors that the eels encounter during their migration would play an important role in the stimulation of eel pubertal development. We investigated the effects of environmental factors on gonadotropic function in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla, by a double approach: we studied the effects of hydrostatic pressure, a factor linked to a migration at depth, and the effects of melatonin, a mediator of environmental parameters. We demonstrated that hydrostatic pressure (stay in hyperbaric tank) stimulated eel pituitary-gonad axis and for this it could represent one of the oceanic factors involved in the stimulation of eel reproduction. We showed that melatonin had a negative effect on eel pituitary-gonad axis probably due to its stimulatory effect on dopaminergic systems. Such a mechanism could represent a pathway by which environmental factors would regulate gonadotropic axis in the eel
Kanbar, Roy. "CONTRÔLE BARORÉFLEXE DE L'ACTIVITÉ NERVEUSE SYMPATHIQUE CHEZ LE RAT." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349528.
Full textL'entraînement cardiaque, chez l'animal anesthésié, révèle que ce gain n'est pas influencé par les variations du rythme cardiaque. En mesurant l'ANS rénale chez des rats vigils ayant des barorécepteurs intacts ou partiellement dénervés, il est montré que cet index est positivement corrélé à la sensibilité baroréflexe mesurée par méthode pharmacologique. L'intérêt fonctionnel de cet index est confirmé par l'existence d'une relation inverse avec la variabilité tensionnelle. Chez des rats intacts, l'application aiguë d'un stress émotionnel par jet d'air sensibilise le contrôle baroréflexe de l'ANS rénale, et ceci quelle que soit la méthode d'évaluation utilisée.
Cet index, calculé sur des périodes successives d'une minute, chez des rats éveillés, révèle que la sensibilité du contrôle baroréflexe de l'ANS rénale fluctue spontanément au cours du temps. Le calcul de cet index au moyen des ANSs rénale et lombaire, enregistrées simultanément chez des rats vigils, suggère une régulation baroréflexe homogène des ANS régionales.
Divay-Dhainaut, Marielle. "Etude pour le contrôle des décharges à barrière diélectrique, des couplages entre leurs priopriétés électriques, thermiques et chimiques dans l'air à pression atmosphérique." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112049.
Full textThe work was carried out on a DBD device, of industrial interest, with a point-to-plane geometry in order to control the discharge location. Ozone was used as a tracer of the discharge reactivity. Its production depends on the generation efficiency of atomic oxygen and on the reactional medium temperature. In order to distinguish the role played by each of these parameters, different energy ranges have been investigated: 0-100 J/l for the electrical-chemical coupling study and 100-800 J/l for the thermal study. In the specific case of surface discharges, it is shown that their propagation length only depends on the threshold voltage while their duration is affected by the nature of the dielectric material, through electrons trapping and/or attachment mechanisms. The relationship between pulsed current and ozone production is then modified, leading to the introduction of a quality factor C (ratio between amplitude and duration of the current pulses) allowing to describe the ozone production efficiency in the case of discharges developing in a gas gap as well as on a dielectric surface. Three reactive media characterized by different temperatures are considered: the volume related to the discharge plasma, the same volume at the end of the relaxation period between the current pulses, and the immediate vicinity of the discharge volume. A simple kinetic calculation showing that ozone formation is unlikely in the plasma itself, has been validated by obtaining an enhanced ozone concentration while cooling the feed gas and keeping identical discharge characteristics. The gas temperature in the discharge volume at the end of the relaxation period has been determined through the study of the acoustical waves associated to the discharge filaments development. The obtained values remain too high for a significant ozone production. In the conditions under consideration, the gas volume surrounding the discharge thus appears as the most probable location for ozone formation
Maouchi, Djamel. "Comportement des sols compactés sur quelques chemins à pression négative controlée." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0593.
Full textPietsch, Walter. "Plasma produit par laser a pression reduite pour le controle analytique isotopique." Orléans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ORLE2049.
Full textLacroix, Christian. "Contrôle du traitement de la tuberculose par chromatographie liquide à haute pression : étude de l'influence du métabolisme des médicaments sur les modalités de surveillance." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUE01PT.
Full textHebri, Salem. "Etudes de la pression de radiation dans les interféromètres utilisés pour la détection des ondes gravitationnelles." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175254.
Full textvoir les effets de la pression de radiation sur le verrouillage longitudinal de la cavité, les effets du ressort optique angulaire etc. Dans une autre partie de la thèse j'observe les effets de la pression de radiation dans les bras de Virgo et l'existence des effets du ressort optique sur les degrés angulaires qui n'empêchent pas le bon fonctionnement de l'alignement. Enfin, je décris ma participation dans la recette de Virgo, qui consiste essentiellement à travailler sur les contrôles du système d'injection et leurs optimisations.