Academic literature on the topic 'Control sequence'

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Journal articles on the topic "Control sequence"

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Elacqua, Elizabeth, Stephen J. Koehler, and Jinzhen Hu. "Electronically Governed ROMP: Expanding Sequence Control for Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Polymers." Synlett 31, no. 15 (July 14, 2020): 1435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707180.

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Controlling the primary sequence of synthetic polymers remains a grand challenge in chemistry. A variety of methods that exert control over monomer sequence have been realized wherein differential reactivity, pre-organization, and stimuli-response have been key factors in programming sequence. Whereas much has been established in nonconjugated systems, π-extended frameworks remain systems wherein subtle structural changes influence bulk properties. The recent introduction of electronically biased ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) extends the repertoire of feasible approaches to prescribe donor–acceptor sequences in conjugated polymers, by enabling a system to achieve both low dispersity and controlled polymer sequences. Herein, we discuss recent advances in obtaining well-defined (i.e., low dispersity) polymers featuring donor–acceptor sequence control, and present our design of an electronically ambiguous (4-methoxy-1-(2-ethylhexyloxy) and benzothiadiazole-(donor–acceptor-)based [2.2]paracyclophanediene monomer that undergoes electronically dictated ROMP. The resultant donor–acceptor polymers were well-defined (Đ = 1.2, Mn > 20 k) and exhibited lower energy excitation and emission in comparison to ‘sequence-ill-defined’ polymers. Electronically driven ROMP expands on prior synthetic methods to attain sequence control, while providing a promising platform for further interrogation of polymer sequence and resultant properties.1 Introduction to Sequence Control2 Sequence Control in Polymers3 Multistep-Synthesis-Driven Sequence Control4 Catalyst-Dictated Sequence Control5 Electronically Governed Sequence Control6 Conclusions
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Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah, Rista Nikmatu Rohmah, Lidwina Faraline Tripisila, Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari, Adelia Adrianne Tapiory, Jihan Safira Ainnayah, Viona Faiqoh, Fajar Mustika Alam, and Ahmad Faizal Abdul Razis. "Three-dimension Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase protein structure of substitution and insertion sequences of GAPDH gene of chicken drumstick meat (Gallus gallus)." Berkala Penelitian Hayati 27, no. 2 (April 5, 2022): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.27.2.20228.

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The study aimed to observed the 3-D structure of GAPDH protein and identify the GAPDH gene sequences mutation of chicken drumstick meat (Gallus gallus). The sample of chicken meat was randomly taken in four districts in Malang city. In this study, the DNA was isolated from drumstick meat chicken samples, amplified using proper primers, and then sequenced using ABI 3730xl DNA Sequencer. The DNA sequences alignments analyzed by BioEdit software and the control sequence of GAPDH gene was obtained from NCBI GenBank (sequence Gene ID: 374193). Then, the amino acid sequence and 3D structure of GAPDH protein were determined based on the change of nucleotide sequences using Swiss model and PyMol software. The nucleotide sequence of a partially GAPDH gene of drumstick meat chicken from districts two is completely different with a 97 percent similarity level, which found twelve nucleotides’ substitutions mutation between nucleotide base number 354 until 777 and three nucleotides inserted between T753 and G754 nucleotide base. These mutations changed the amino acid sequence and 3D structure of GAPDH protein. This result suggests that the differential drumstick chicken meat GAPDH sequences and 3D structure may induce the change of protein-protein interaction and induction.
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Buehler, Deborah M., and Allan J. Baker. "Characterization of the red knot (Calidris canutus) mitochondrial control region." Genome 46, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-034.

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We sequenced the complete mitochondrial control regions of 11 red knots (Calidris canutus). The control region is 1168 bp in length and is flanked by tRNA glutamate (glu) and the gene ND6 at its 5' end and tRNA phenylalanine (phe) and the gene 12S on its 3' end. The sequence possesses conserved sequence blocks F, E, D, C, CSB-1, and the bird similarity box (BSB), as expected for a mitochondrial copy. Flanking tRNA regions show correct secondary structure, and a relative rate test indicated no significant difference between substitution rates in the sequence we obtained versus the known mitochondrial sequence of turnstones (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae). These characteristics indicate that the sequence is mitochondrial in origin. To confirm this, we sequenced the control region of a single individual using both purified mitochondrial DNA and genomic DNA. The sequences were identical using both methods. The sequence and methods presented in this paper may now serve as a reference for future studies using knot and other avian control regions. Furthermore, the discovery of five variable sites in 11 knots towards the 3' end of the control region, and the variability of this region in contrast to the more conserved central domain in the alignment between knots and other Charadriiformes, highlights the importance of this area as a source of variation for future studies in knots and other birds.Key words: D-loop, Calidris canutus, Charadriiformes, Aves, evolution.
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Liu, Huanzhang, Chyng-Shyan Tzeng, and Hui-Yu Teng. "Sequence variations in the mitochondrial DNA control region and their implications for the phylogeny of the Cypriniformes." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z02-035.

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The mitochondrial DNA control region of six cobitids and two catostomids was sequenced and compared with sequences of other cypriniforms to study their sequence variations. The extended termination associated sequence (ETAS) domain, central domain, and conserved sequence block (CSB) domain were partitioned and the ETAS sequence, CSB-D, CSB-E, ECSB-F, CSB1, CSB2, and CSB3 were identified. It is suggested that the "hairpin" TACAT-ATGTA is the key sequence of ETAS and GACATA is the symbol of CSB1. Phylogenetic analysis based on the CSB domain showed that all cyprinids evolved as one monophyletic group, while the non-cyprinid Cypriniformes could be another monophyly that is in accordance with the hypothesis proposed by Siebert. Further analysis of the phylogeny of the Cobitoidei was also conducted and it is tentatively suggested that their relationships are Catostomidae + (Gyrinocheilidae + (Botiinae + (Homalopteridae + (Cobitinae + Nemacheilinae)))).
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Quevedo, Daniel E., and Vijay Gupta. "Sequence-Based Anytime Control." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 58, no. 2 (February 2013): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tac.2012.2209977.

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Melo, Princess Marie B. "An Enhanced Transmission Control Protocol Initial Sequence Number Steganographic Method." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, no. 01-Special Issue (February 13, 2020): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp1/20201070.

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Stromer, Robert, and Harry A. Mackay. "Conditional Stimulus Control of Childrens' Sequence Production." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (June 1992): 903–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.903.

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Normally capable children were first taught to touch in sequence each of a set of five physically dissimilar stimuli (Sequence A). Another set of stimuli was then used to train sequence B. Next, direct training established conditional control of the production of the A sequence and its reversal: in the presence of one printed word, touching the stimuli in the order A1→A2→A3→A4→A5 was reinforced; in the presence of another word, touching the stimuli in the order A5→A4→A3→A2→A1 was reinforced. During probe sessions, the printed words also exercised conditional control over production of the B sequence and its reversal for five of six subjects, suggesting the formation of stimulus classes. Four of these five subjects also performed mixed sequences under conditional control of the words (e.g., A1→B2→A3→B4→A5 and its reversal), verifying that the stimuli which occupied the same position in each sequence were members of the same class.
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STEFANNI, S., I. S. CHEN, and P. J. MILLER. "A very compact mt-DNA control region in the widely distributed goby Pomatoschistus minutus (Teleostei: Gobiidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 6 (November 21, 2002): 1001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402006525.

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The control region of the mitochondrial genome was amplified and sequenced for six individuals of the gobioid fish Pomatoschistus minutus, from several European localities, and one specimen of the related Deltentosteus quadrimaculatus. The length of this region for the former species was found to be 773 bp, 7·1% shorter than that previously described as the most compact D-loop known among teleosts. Sequences from other fish have been compared and the largest gap falls in the section between the conserved sequence block and the pyrimidine tract. Alignment of P. minutus sequences was done with D. quadrimaculatus, whose control region length was 853 bp, and this gap was found to be of 61 bp. For the P. minutus sample, the intraspecific sequence divergence is 0·07%.
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Choi, Heejin, and Minsoo Hahn. "Sequence-to-Sequence Emotional Voice Conversion With Strength Control." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 42674–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3065460.

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Shih, Y. Y., and D. Chao. "Sequence of Control in S3PMR." Computer Journal 53, no. 10 (September 3, 2009): 1691–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxp081.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Control sequence"

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Evans, Joshua L. "SMALL SATELLITE NONCOMMUTATIVE ROTATION SEQUENCE ATTITUDE CONTROL USING PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/91.

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Attitude control remains one of the top engineering challenges faced by small satellite mission planning and design. Conventional methods for attitude control include propulsion, reaction wheels, magnetic torque coils, and passive stabilization mechanisms, such as permanent magnets that align with planetary magnetic fields. Drawbacks of these conventional attitude control methods for small satellites include size, power consumption, dependence on external magnetic fields, and lack of full control authority. This research investigates an alternative, novel approach to attitude-control method for small satellites, utilizing the noncommutative property of rigid body rotation sequences. Piezoelectric bimorph actuators are used to induce sinusoidal small-amplitude satellite oscillations on two of the satellites axes. While zero net change occurs on these signaled axes, the third axis can develop an average angular rate. This noncommutative attitude control methodology has several advantages over conventional methods, including scalability, power consumption, and operation outside of Earth's magnetic field. This research looks into the feasibility of such a system, and lays the foundation for a simple control system architecture.
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Abou-Loukh, S. J. "Petri nets for computer sequence generation to control batch processes." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355212.

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Matoug, Mahmoud M. "An investigation of misinformation and production control implementation sequence using discrete linear control." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1990. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19487.

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Discrete linear control theory is used in this research to examine the effects of system choice and data errors on the performance of production control systems. Two common information flow systems are modelled. These are the Reorder Cycle (ROC) and the Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems. System choices include the choice of forecasting method, the choice of delivery policy, and the choice of inventory rule. The source of data errors include stock recording errors, delay in stock recording, incorrect bills of material. The other part of the research examines the sequence of implementing a new production control system. Different ways of moving from a Reorder Cycle to a Material Requirements Planning system are studied. Guidelines for an implementation sequence are produced.
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Mora, Castro Andrés Felipe. "Optimal switching sequence model predictive control for power electronics." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2019. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170522.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Ingeniería Eléctrica
En este proyecto de tesis, se propone una estrategia de control predictivo (MPC, por sus siglas en inglés) basada en el concepto de secuencia de conmutación óptima (OSS) recientemente introducido para convertidores de punto neutro enclavado de tres niveles (3L-NPC) conectados a la red eléctrica. La metodología de control propuesta, llamada OSS-MPC en cascada (C-OSS-MPC), considera explícitamente el modulador en su formulación junto con el modelo del sistema. Como se verificó a lo largo de esta tesis, la estrategia C-OSS-MPC está formulada para el control de la corriente o el control directo de la potencia activa/reactiva como variables primarias de control, mientras que el problema del equilibrio de voltaje del enlace CC se resuelve sin utilizar factores de ponderación en un bucle de control interno basado en una novedosa y sencilla estrategia de control MPC. Por lo tanto, la metodología de control propuesta controla de manera óptima tanto el objetivo de control primario como los voltajes de los condensadores de este convertidor de potencia. Bajo esta perspectiva, la dificultad de diseñar el factor de ponderación se evita en este trabajo y el rendimiento del sistema controlado no se ve afectado por un punto de operación particular del convertidor conectado a la red. La estrategia MPC resultante permite operar el convertidor con un espectro armónico predefinido, frecuencia de conmutación fija y una respuesta dinámica rápida y robusta en todo el rango operativo del convertidor de potencia, superando las estrategias MPC existentes en la literatura para los convertidores de potencia. Además, se ha propuesto un nuevo y eficiente algoritmo de optimización para encontrar rápidamente la solución óptima con el fin de hacer posible una implementación en tiempo real de la estrategia de control propuesta. Finalmente, se proporcionan resultados experimentales y de simulación para demostrar la efectividad y el rendimiento de alta calidad de la estrategia de control propuesta, lo que hace que este enfoque de control no solo sea adecuado para las aplicaciones de convertidor de potencia conectado a la red, sino que también para accionamientos eléctricos de alta potencia.
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Smith, Derek M. "The compass of control: Congruency sequence effects, boundaries, and task sets." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55028.

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The congruency sequence effect literature is inconsistent when it comes to the issue of the boundaries of this phenomenon. Some have argued that control is implemented at the level of a stimulus dimension while other have claimed that control operates across dimensions and tasks. Flexible control boundaries defined by task sets might explain the inconsistent findings. Response set manipulations have been shown to influence control boundaries. Unitary response sets can produce cross-dimension congruency sequence effects but applying separate response sets to a task can lead to the absence of the congruency sequence effect on dimension switch trials. This thesis is concerned with the extension of these findings. The study applied response set manipulations to a paradigm (Stroop Trajectory Task) that has exhibited robust crossdimension congruency sequence effects. In addition, the influence of switching routine on congruency sequence effects was tested. It was expected that separate response sets for different stimulus dimensions would eliminate the congruency sequence effect on switch trials. Switching routine was anticipated to act as a weaker boundary marker but nevertheless it was expected that systematic switching routines should have at least attenuated the congruency sequence effect on switch trials. Contrary to expectations it was found that the congruency sequence effect was present in switch trials across all conditions.
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Fischer, Jörg [Verfasser]. "Optimal Sequence-Based Control of Networked Linear Systems / Jörg Fischer." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2015. http://www.ksp.kit.edu.

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Cloud, D. J. "A weighting sequence approach to the analysis and design of multivariable control systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233477.

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Popescu, Mihail. "New sequence processing algorithms using hidden Markov models /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115580.

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Ibrahim, Muhammad. "Hybrid modelling and sequence control for a laboratory-scale rolling mill." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251207.

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Nicholass, Fiona J. "Functional analysis and sequence of the tomato polygalacturonase gene control regions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260532.

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Books on the topic "Control sequence"

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GRAFCET, (1992 Paris France). GRAFCET '92: Théorie et applications = theory and applications : grafcet, function charts for control systems. Paris: AFCET, 1992.

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Cao, Tiehua. Task sequence planning in a robot workcell using and/or nets. Troy, N.Y: Center for Intelligent Robotic Systems for Space Exploration, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1991.

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Parker, Douglas L. A sequence of destruction: Mountain pine beetle and wildfire : Yellowstone National Park. [Albuquerque, N.M.?]: U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southwestern Region, 1993.

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Programmable logic controllers: A practical approach using CODESYS. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

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György, Marko-Varga, and Oroszlan Peter, eds. Emerging technologies in protein and genomic material anaylsis. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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Zincov, Aleksandr. Operation of cars and tractors: control, diagnostic and adjustment work: workshop. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1900961.

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The textbook presents methods for performing control, diagnostic and adjustment work, the sequence and content of maintenance operations for systems and assemblies of cars and tractors. The workshop is designed for practical training and independent work. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the specialty "Ground transportation and technological means" (specialization "Cars and tractors").
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Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal Control of Random Sequences in Problems with Constraints. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5508-3.

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Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal control of random sequences in problems with constraints. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1997.

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Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal Control of Random Sequences in Problems with Constraints. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997.

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Center, Ames Research, ed. The Dynamic Planner: The sequencer, scheduler, and runway allocator for aircraft traffic control automation. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Control sequence"

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Weik, Martin H. "sequence control register." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1549. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16984.

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Abdouni, Yamin, Gokhan Yilmaz, and C. Remzi Becer. "Sequence and Architectural Control in Glycopolymer Synthesis." In Sequence-Controlled Polymers, 229–56. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527806096.ch8.

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Hau, Erich. "Control Systems and Operational Sequence." In Wind Turbines, 429–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27151-9_11.

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Hau, Erich. "Control Systems and Operational Sequence." In Windturbines, 305–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04257-1_10.

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Tashiro, Kentaro. "Sequence Control of π-Electron Systems." In Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems, 443–56. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55357-1_26.

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Fattorini, Hector O. "Linear Control Systems in Sequence Spaces." In Functional Analysis and Evolution Equations, 273–90. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7794-6_18.

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Bacci, Giovanni. "Raw Sequence Data and Quality Control." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 137–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1720-4_9.

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Nakamura, Yoshio, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, and Kimitaka Nakazawa. "Comparison of Unification Techniques for Inconstant Intervals of Breath-By-Breath Sequence." In Respiratory Control, 369–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0529-3_40.

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Shen, Dong. "Random Sequence Model for Linear Systems." In Iterative Learning Control with Passive Incomplete Information, 23–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8267-2_2.

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Shen, Dong. "Random Sequence Model for Nonlinear Systems." In Iterative Learning Control with Passive Incomplete Information, 51–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8267-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Control sequence"

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Yin, Ruocheng, and Juan Ren. "Sequence-to-sequence LSTM-based Dynamic System Identification of Piezo-electric Actuators." In 2023 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc55779.2023.10155800.

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Wu, Haibin, Cheng-Hung Chou, Yuan Yao, David Shan Hill Wong, and Yi Liu. "Process Monitoring Using a Sequence to Sequence Model." In 2019 IEEE 8th Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference (DDCLS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ddcls.2019.8908933.

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Chen Sheng, Cheng En, and Yuan Fei. "Study on chaotic sequence and RS sequence for underwater communication." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Advanced Computer Control. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacc.2010.5486885.

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Oh, Seung-Joon. "Mining Clusters of Sequences Using Extended Sequence Element-Based Similarity Measure." In Second International Conference on Innovative Computing, Informatio and Control (ICICIC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicic.2007.387.

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Ozguner, Umit. "A Three Course Control Laboratory Sequence." In 1988 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1988.4789980.

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Xue, Muhan, and Wen Yu. "An Attack Signatures Generation Sequence Alignment Algorithm Based on Production Rules." In 2018 13th APCA International Conference on Automatic Control and Soft Computing (CONTROLO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/controlo.2018.8439776.

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Xia Li and Wing Shing Wong. "Coder-estimator sequence for power control." In Proceedings of 16th American CONTROL Conference. IEEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.1997.611789.

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Yan, Yajing, Jiaolong Jiang, and Hongwu Yang. "Mandarin Prosody Boundary Prediction based on Sequence-to-sequence Model." In 2020 IEEE 4th Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itnec48623.2020.9084900.

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Cai, Chengwei, Ali Ahmadi Dastjerdi, Niranjan Saikumar, and S. H. HosseinNia. "The optimal sequence for reset controllers." In 2020 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc51009.2020.9143690.

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Lu, Zhiying, Mingyue Zhao, Yang Xiao, and Yong Pang. "Prostate Localization in 2D Sequence MR with Fusion of Center Position Prior and Sequence Correlation." In 2020 39th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc50068.2020.9188748.

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Reports on the topic "Control sequence"

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Joyaux, Henri. The Random Sequence Closing Control System. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1679.

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Foley, Brian Thomas. HIV Databases video tutorial on use of the HIV sequence quality control tool. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1566101.

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Montville, Thomas J., and Roni Shapira. Molecular Engineering of Pediocin A to Establish Structure/Function Relationships for Mechanistic Control of Foodborne Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568088.bard.

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This project relates the structure of the bacteriocin molecule (which is genetically determined) to its antimicrobial function. We have sequenced the 19,542 bp pediocin plasmid pMD136 and developed a genetic transfer system for pediococci. The pediocin A operon is complex, containing putative structural, immunity, processing, and transport genes. The deduced sequence of the pediocin A molecule contains 44 amino acids and has a predicted PI of 9.45. Mechanistic studies compared the interaction of pediocin PA-1 and nisin with Listeria monocytgenes cells and model lipid systems. While significant nisin-induced intracellular ATP depletion is caused by efflux, pediocin-induced depletion is caused exclusively by hydrolysis. Liposomes derived from L. monocytogenes phospholipids were used to study the physical chemistry of pediocin and nisin interactions with lipids. Their different pH optima are the results of different specific ionizable amino acids. We generated a predicted 3-D structural model for pediocin PA-1 and used a variety of mutant pediocins to demonstrate that the "positive patch" at residues 11 and 12 (and not the YGNGV consensus sequence) is responsible for the binding step of pediocin action. This structure/function understanding gained here provides necessary prerequisites to the more efficacious use of bacteriocins to control foodborne pathogens.
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Hedrick, Ronald, and Herve Bercovier. Characterization and Control of KHV, A New Herpes Viral Pathogen of Koi and Common Carp. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695871.bard.

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In this project we proposed to characterize the virus genome and the structural virion polypeptides to allow development of improved diagnostic approaches and potential vaccination strategies. These goals have been mostly achieved and the corresponding data were published in three papers (see below) and three more manuscripts are in preparation. The virion polypeptides of KHV strains isolated from USA (KHV-U) and Israel (KHV-I) were found to be identical. Purified viral DNA analyzed with a total of 5 restriction enzymes demonstrated no fragment length polymorphism between KHV-I and KHV-U but both KHV isolates differed significantly from the cyprinid herpesvirus (CHV) and the ictalurid herpesvirus (channel catfish virus or CCV). Using newly obtained viral DNA sequences two different PCR assays were developed that need to be now further tested in the field. We determined by pulse field analysis that the size of KHV genome is around 280 kbp (1-1. Bercovier, unpublished results). Sequencing of the viral genome of KHV has reached the stage where 180 kbp are sequenced (twice and both strands). Four hypothetical genes were detected when DNA sequences were translated into amino acid sequences. The finding of a gene of real importance, the thymidine kinase (TK) led us to extend the study of this specific gene. Four other genes related to DNA synthesis were found. PCR assays based on defined sequences were developed. The PCR assay based on TK gene sequence has shown improved sensitivity in the detection of KHV DNA compared to regular PCR assays. </P> <P><SPAN>With the ability to induce experimental infections in koi with KHV under controlled laboratory conditions we have studied the progress and distribution of virus in host tissues, the development of immunity and the establishment of latent infections. Also, we have investigated the important role of water temperature on severity of infections and mortality of koi following infections with KHV. These initial studies need to be followed by an increased focus on long-term fate of the virus in survivors. This is essential in light of the current &quot;controlled exposure program&quot; used by farmers to produce KHV &quot;naturally resistant fish&quot; that may result in virus or DNA carriers. </SPAN></P> <P><SPAN>The information gained from the research of this project was designed to allow implementation of control measures to prevent the spread of the virus both by improved diagnostic approaches and preventive measures. We have accomplished most of these goals but further studies are needed to establish even more reliable methods of prevention with increased emphases on improved diagnosis and a better understanding of the ecology of KHV. </SPAN>
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Rafaeli, Ada, Russell Jurenka, and Daniel Segal. Isolation, Purification and Sequence Determination of Pheromonotropic-Receptors. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7695850.bard.

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Moths constitute a major group of pest insects in agriculture. Pheromone blends are utilised by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates, which is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). Our working hypothesis was that, since the emission of sex-pheromone is necessary to attract a mate, then failure to produce and emit pheromone is a potential strategy for manipulating adult moth behavior. The project aimed at identifying, characterising and determining the sequence of specific receptors responsible for the interaction with pheromonotropic neuropeptide/s using two related moth species: Helicoverpa armigera and H. lea as model insects. We established specific binding to a membrane protein estimated at 50 kDa in mature adult females using a photoaffinity-biotin probe for PBAN. We showed that JH is required for the up-regulation of this putative receptor protein. In vitro studies established that the binding initiates a cascade of second messengers including channel opening for calcium ions and intracellular cAMP production. Pharmacological studies (using sodium fluoride) established that the receptor is coupled to a G-protein, that is, the pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide receptor (PBAN-R) belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)'s. We showed that PBAN-like peptides are present in Drosophila melanogaster based on bioassay and immunocytochemical data. Using the annotated genome of D. melanogaster to search for a GPCR, we found that some were similar to neuromedin U- receptors of vertebrates, which contain a similar C-terminal ending as PBAN. We established that neuromedin U does indeed induce pheromone biosynthesis and cAMP production. Using a PCR based cloning strategy and mRNA isolated from pheromone glands of H. zea, we successfully identified a gene encoding a GPCR from pheromone glands. The full-length PBAN-R was subsequently cloned and expressed in Sf9 insect cells and was shown to mobilize calcium in response to PBAN in a dose-dependent manner. The successful progress in the identification of a gene, encoding a GPCR for the neurohormone, PBAN, provides a basis for the design of a novel battery of compounds that will specifically antagonize pheromone production. Furthermore, since PBAN belongs to a family of insect neuropeptides with more than one function in different life stages, this rationale may be extended to other physiological key-regulatory processes in different insects.
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Monckton-Smith, Jane, Hannana Siddiqui, Sue Haile, and Alexandra Sandham. Building a temporal sequence for developing prevention strategies, risk assessment, and perpetrator interventions in domestic abuse related suicide, honour killing, and intimate partner homicide. University of Gloucestershire, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46289/rt5194yt.

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This study aims to develop understanding of the interactions between perpetrators of coercive control and intimate partner stalking, and their victims, and how these interactions may be linked to escalating and de-escalating risk of serious harm or homicide. This is a qualitative study, and we interpret our data using the lens of coercive control as described and understood in UK definitions, and the work of Stark (2009). The overall aim is to use the principles of temporal sequencing to organise the behavioural data into a sequence and organise the sequence into stages that represent potential escalating risk - the further along the sequence, the higher the risk of serious harm, with opportunities at every stage to halt the progression. Three pilot tools were developed for professionals in the areas of Intimate Partner Homicide, Domestic Abuse related Suicide and Honour Killing.
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Blanton, E., and M. Allman. Using TCP Duplicate Selective Acknowledgement (DSACKs) and Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Duplicate Transmission Sequence Numbers (TSNs) to Detect Spurious Retransmissions. RFC Editor, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3708.

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Cohen, Yuval, Christopher A. Cullis, and Uri Lavi. Molecular Analyses of Soma-clonal Variation in Date Palm and Banana for Early Identification and Control of Off-types Generation. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592124.bard.

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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the major fruit tree grown in arid areas in the Middle East and North Africa. In the last century, dates were introduced to new regions including the USA. Date palms are traditionally propagated through offshoots. Expansion of modern date palm groves led to the development of Tissue Culture propagation methods that generate a large number of homogenous plants, have no seasonal effect on plant source and provide tools to fight the expansion of date pests and diseases. The disadvantage of this procedure is the occurrence of off-type trees which differ from the original cultivar. In the present project we focused on two of the most common date palm off-types: (1) trees with reduced fruit setting, in which most of the flowers turn into three-carpel parthenocarpic fruits. In a severe form, multi-carpel flowers and fruitlets (with up to six or eight carpels instead of the normal three-carpel flowers) are also formed. (2) dwarf trees, having fewer and shorter leaves, very short trunk and are not bearing fruits at their expected age, compared to the normal trees. Similar off-types occur in other crop species propagated by tissue culture, like banana (mainly dwarf plants) or oil palm (with a common 'Mantled' phenotype with reduced fruit setting and occurrence of supernumerary carpels). Some off-types can only be detected several years after planting in the fields. Therefore, efficient methods for prevention of the generation of off-types, as well as methods for their detection and early removal, are required for date palms, as well as for other tissue culture propagated crops. This research is aimed at the understanding of the mechanisms by which off-types are generated, and developing markers for their early identification. Several molecular and genomic approaches were applied. Using Methylation Sensitive AFLP and bisulfite sequencing, we detected changes in DNA methylation patterns occurring in off-types. We isolated and compared the sequence and expression of candidate genes, genes related to vegetative growth and dwarfism and genes related to flower development. While no sequence variation were detected, changes in gene expression, associated with the severity of the "fruit set" phenotype were detected in two genes - PdDEF (Ortholog of rice SPW1, and AP3 B type MADS box gene), and PdDIF (a defensin gene, highly homologous to the oil palm gene EGAD). We applied transcriptomic analyses, using high throughput sequencing, to identify genes differentially expressed in the "palm heart" (the apical meristem and the region of embryonic leaves) of dwarf vs. normal trees. Among the differentially expressed genes we identified genes related to hormonal biosynthesis, perception and regulation, genes related to cell expansion, and genes related to DNA methylation. Using Representation Difference Analyses, we detected changes in the genomes of off-type trees, mainly chloroplast-derived sequences that were incorporated in the nuclear genome and sequences of transposable elements. Sequences previously identified as differing between normal and off-type trees of oil palms or banana, successfully identified variation among date palm off-types, suggesting that these represent highly labile regions of monocot genomes. The data indicate that the date palm genome, similarly to genomes of other monocot crops as oil palm and banana, is quite unstable when cells pass through a cycle of tissue culture and regeneration. Changes in DNA sequences, translocation of DNA fragments and alteration of methylation patterns occur. Consequently, patterns of gene expression are changed, resulting in abnormal phenotypes. The data can be useful for future development of tools for early identification of off-type as well as for better understanding the phenomenon of somaclonal variation during propagation in vitro.
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Gelb, Jr., Jack, Yoram Weisman, Brian Ladman, and Rosie Meir. Identification of Avian Infectious Brochitis Virus Variant Serotypes and Subtypes by PCR Product Cycle Sequencing for the Rational Selection of Effective Vaccines. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586470.bard.

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Objectives 1. Determine the serotypic identities of 40 recent IBV isolates from commercial chickens raised in the USA and Israel. 2. Sequence all IBV field isolates using PCR product cycle sequencing and analyze their S 1 sequence to detennine their homology to other strains in the Genbank and EMBL databases. 3. Select vaccinal strains with the highest S 1 sequence homology to the field isolates and perform challenge of immunity studies in chickens in laboratory trials to detennine level of protection afforded by the vaccines. Background Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a common, economically important disease of the chicken. IB occurs as a respiratory form, associated with airsacculitis, condemnation, and mortality of meat-type broilers, a reproductive form responsible for egg production losses in layers and breeders, and a renal form causing high mortality in broilers and pullets. The causative agent is avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Replication of the virus' RNA genome is error-prone and mutations commonly result. A major target for mutation is the gene encoding the spike (S) envelope protein used by the virus to attach and infect the host cell. Mutations in the S gene result in antigenic changes that can lead to the emergence of variant serotypes. The S gene is able to tolerate numerous mutations without compromising the virus' ability to replicate and cause disease. An end result of the virus' "flexibility" is that many strains of IBV are capable of existing in nature. Once formed, new mutant strains, often referred to as variants, are soon subjected to immunological selection so that only the most antigenically novel variants survive in poultry populations. Many novel antigenic variant serotypes and genotypes have been isolated from commercial poultry flocks. Identification of the field isolates of IBV responsible for outbreaks is critical for selecting the appropriate strain(s) for vaccination. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the Sl subunit of the envelope spike glycoprotein gene has been a common method used to identify field strains, replacing other time-consuming or less precise tests. Two PCR approaches have been used for identification, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct automated cycle sequence analysis of a diagnostically relevant hypervariab1e region were compared in our BARD research. Vaccination for IB, although practiced routinely in commercial flocks, is often not protective. Field isolates responsible for outbreaks may be unrelated to the strain(s) used in the vaccination program. However, vaccines may provide varying degrees of cross- protection vs. unrelated field strains so vaccination studies should be performed. Conclusions RFLP and S1 sequence analysis methods were successfully performed using the field isolates from the USA and Israel. Importantly, the S1 sequence analysis method enabled a direct comparison of the genotypes of the field strains by aligning them to sequences in public databases e.g. GenBank. Novel S1 gene sequences were identified in both USA and Israel IBVs but greater diversity was observed in the field isolates from the USA. One novel genotype, characterized in this project, Israel/720/99, is currently being considered for development as an inactivated vaccine. Vaccination with IBV strains in the US (Massachusetts, Arkansas, Delaware 072) or in Israel (Massachusetts, Holland strain) provided higher degrees of cross-protection vs. homologous than heterologous strain challenge. In many cases however, vaccination with two strains (only studies with US strains) produced reasonable cross-protection against heterologous field isolate challenge. Implications S1 sequence analysis provides numerical similarity values and phylogenetic information that can be useful, although by no means conclusive, in developing vaccine control strategies. Identification of many novel S1 genotypes of IBV in the USA is evidence that commercial flocks will be challenged today and in the future with strains unrelated to vaccines. In Israel, monitoring flocks for novel IBV field isolates should continue given the identification of Israel/720/99, and perhaps others in the future. Strains selected for vaccination of commercial flocks should induce cross- protection against unrelated genotypes. Using diverse genotypes for vaccination may result in immunity against unrelated field strains.
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Sharpe, D. R., G. Leduc, C. S. Smart, and J. Shaw. Georgian Bay bedrock erosion: evidence for regional floods, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331409.

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We provide an updated presentation of the spectacular erosion forms at French River Ontario (Kor et al. 1991) based on new methods of data collection and wider observations. This work includes ~ 10 more detailed study sites, documentation of the range of forms over a larger area, the use of extensive drone image capture and ground surveys, as well as a detailed inventory of forms. Key sites are illustrated using video images. The update extends the conclusions of the Kor paper regarding the significance and scale of subglacial meltwater erosion with some novel findings. We document the importance of plucking (including hydraulic plucking) and, the control of structure on s-forms, which were not highlighted in the Kor study. Apparent cavitation erosion forms are prominent across the study area and provide support for inferred high-velocity meltwater flow. A growing interpretative framework includes discussion of evidence to test a theorized hydraulic sequence of sheet-channel-distributed flow, followed by re-grounding of glacial ice as meltwater flow waned. This hydraulic sequence may also be complementary to observations in thick sediment terrain down flow.
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