To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Control principles.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Control principles'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Control principles.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ozga, Deborah Ann. "The principles of nuclear control." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/43760/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis develops the principles of nuclear control which are derived from control models initially developed in the 1940s, namely, The Acheson-Lilienthal Report, and the Baruch Plan. Authors of these works aspired to create a grand disarmament scheme establishing an international authority to manage nuclear energy and to prevent states from diverting nuclear energy production to nuclear weapon development. They identified principles, which they believed needed to be incorporated in any nuclear control plan, if the plan was to be effective in promoting international security and stability. The thesis then examines control models that were actually established and explores how they diverged from the suggested principles identified previously. In protecting states' economic and political sovereignty, a series of compromises were made on meeting principles of control. Political realities forced states to settle on a national inspection system (the International Atomic Energy Agency Safeguards System) which sought to detect the diversion of nuclear materials from peaceful uses to nuclear weapons. This type system was initially considered by analysts of the Baruch era but was emphatically rejected as having weaknesses that would undermine the system's effectiveness. Although decision makers were aware of the damage that compromises on the principles could have on the control system's effectiveness, they believed some imperfect control system was better than none at all. The thesis shows that departures of the established model from the earlier model weakened control system effectiveness as predicted by Baruch era analysts. This less rigourous adopted approach achieved broad international acceptability, but could not provide sufficient assurances to all parties. As a consequence, some governments took unilateral action to enhance their security in the face of inadequate controls and/or engaged in efforts to strengthen the system. The mechanisms they created incorporated some of the basic nuclear control principles originally identified a half-century earlier but were rejected on political grounds. The thesis sheds light on the difficulties in implementing control and the relevance of these implementation problems for disarmament. It highlights the struggle between states' desires for more credible systems requiring greater sacrifices on national sovereignty and a need for broad adherence to international control demanding less intrusiveness and wider benefits. The thesis reveals a long-term trend that states appear more willing to accept international control measures as globalisation occurs and concludes that the control system is evolving towards incorporating the principles identified in the 1940s that were not included in the established system.
2
Schaad, Andreas. "A framework for organisational control principles." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399250.
Full text
3
Niittymäki, Jarkko. "Fuzzy traffic signal control principles and applications /." Espoo, Finland : Helsinki University of Technology, 2002. http://lib.hut.fi/Diss/2002/isbn9512257017/isbn9512257017.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science in Technology--Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, 2002."ISSN 0781-5816." Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-71). Available online as a PDF file via the World Wide Web.
4
Quinton-Tulloch, Mark. "Fragile robustness : principles and practice." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/fragile-robustness-principles-and-practice(22e10f3e-4f0d-4089-8a8b-58454f606ab3).html.
Full textAbstract:
Selective robustness is a key feature of biochemical networks, conferring a fitness benefit to organisms living in dynamic environments. The (in-)sensitivity of a network to external perturbations results from the interaction between network dynamics, design, and enzyme kinetics. In this work, we focus on the subtle interplay between robustness and fragility. We describe a quantitative method for defining the fragility and robustness of system fluxes and metabolite concentrations to perturbations in enzyme activity. We find that for many mathematical models of metabolic pathways, the robustness is captured by a broad distribution of the robustness coefficients and demonstrate that, unlike fragility, robustness is not a conserved process. Using a combination of existing in silico models and novel sets of models, designed to allow specific network features of interest to be studied in isolation, we examine the effect of various network properties on the robustness of such pathways. We discuss the question of how to measure, in a meaningful way, the robustness of a pathway as a whole, defining several summary metrics which, in combination, can be used to compare the robustness of different pathways. We show that networking increases robustness, but that robustness is affected differently by varying aspects of complexity. The effect of system control loops on robustness is analysed and we find that, in general, the addition of such regulation increases pathway robustness. The evolution of flux robustness is also examined. We show that robustness in metabolic pathways is unlikely to simply be a by-product of selection for other pathway traits, highlighting several trade-offs that result from the evolution of robust systems. Finally, we extend our definition of robustness, defining robustness coefficients for cellular properties other than flux or metabolite concentration, and to perturbations other than changes in enzyme activity. Using the effect of benzoic acid on glycolysis as a case study, we show how such robustness coefficients can be used to give novel insights from experimental data.
5
Manyonge, Lawrence. "Autonomous finite capacity scheduling using biological control principles." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/7986.
Full textAbstract:
The vast majority of the research efforts in finite capacity scheduling over the past several years has focused on the generation of precise and almost exact measures for the working schedule presupposing complete information and a deterministic environment. During execution, however, production may be the subject of considerable variability, which may lead to frequent schedule interruptions. Production scheduling mechanisms are developed based on centralised control architecture in which all of the knowledge base and databases are modelled at the same location. This control architecture has difficulty in handling complex manufacturing systems that require knowledge and data at different locations. Adopting biological control principles refers to the process where a schedule is developed prior to the start of the processing after considering all the parameters involved at a resource involved and updated accordingly as the process executes. This research reviews the best practices in gene transcription and translation control methods and adopts these principles in the development of an autonomous finite capacity scheduling control logic aimed at reducing excessive use of manual input in planning tasks. With autonomous decision-making functionality, finite capacity scheduling will as much as practicably possible be able to respond autonomously to schedule disruptions by deployment of proactive scheduling procedures that may be used to revise or re-optimize the schedule when unexpected events occur. The novelty of this work is the ability of production resources to autonomously take decisions and the same way decisions are taken by autonomous entities in the process of gene transcription and translation. The idea has been implemented by the integration of simulation and modelling techniques with Taguchi analysis to investigate the contributions of finite capacity scheduling factors, and determination of the ‘what if’ scenarios encountered due to the existence of variability in production processes. The control logic adopts the induction rules as used in gene expression control mechanisms, studied in biological systems. Scheduling factors are identified to that effect and are investigated to find their effects on selected performance measurements for each resource in used. How they are used to deal with variability in the process is one major objective for this research as it is because of the variability that autonomous decision making becomes of interest. Although different scheduling techniques have been applied and are successful in production planning and control, the results obtained from the inclusion of the autonomous finite capacity scheduling control logic has proved that significant improvement can still be achieved.
6
Barkley, William J. "Application and effectiveness of lean principles within Company XYZ." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005barkleyw.pdf.
Full text
7
Neo, Siak Peng. "The interpretation and application of control principles for manufacturing systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242280.
Full text
8
Binder, Bernd. "Design principles and control mechanisms of signal transduction networks." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975655868.
Full text
9
Shaw, Richard Hamilton. "Classical Biological Control of Weeds in Europe : Principles and Practice." Thesis, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498358.
Full text
10
Chen, Min-You. "Integrated knowledge-based intelligent control systems : principles, methodologies and practice." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284762.
Full text
11
Sylaidi, Anastasia. "Principles of sensorimotor control and learning in complex motor tasks." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58234.
Full textAbstract:
The brain coordinates a continuous coupling between perception and action in the presence of uncertainty and incomplete knowledge about the world. This mapping is enabled by control policies and motor learning can be perceived as the update of such policies on the basis of improving performance given some task objectives. Despite substantial progress in computational sensorimotor control and empirical approaches to motor adaptation, to date it remains unclear how the brain learns motor control policies while updating its internal model of the world. In light of this challenge, we propose here a computational framework, which employs error-based learning and exploits the brain’s inherent link between forward models and feedback control to compute dynamically updated policies. The framework merges optimal feedback control (OFC) policy learning with a steady system identification of task dynamics so as to explain behavior in complex object manipulation tasks. Its formalization encompasses our empirical findings that action is learned and generalised both with regard to a body-based and an object-based frame of reference. Importantly, our approach predicts successfully how the brain makes continuous decisions for the generation of complex trajectories in an experimental paradigm of unfamiliar task conditions. A complementary method proposes an expansion of the motor learning perspective at the level of policy optimisation to the level of policy exploration. It employs computational analysis to reverse engineer and subsequently assess the control process in a whole body manipulation paradigm. Another contribution of this thesis is to associate motor psychophysics and computational motor control to their underlying neural foundation; a link which calls for further advancement in motor neuroscience and can inform our theoretical insight to sensorimotor processes in a context of physiological constraints. To this end, we design, build and test an fMRI-compatible haptic object manipulation system to relate closed-loop motor control studies to neurophysiology. The system is clinically adjusted and employed to host a naturalistic object manipulation paradigm on healthy human subjects and Friedreich’s ataxia patients. We present methodology that elicits neuroimaging correlates of sensorimotor control and learning and extracts longitudinal neurobehavioral markers of disease progression (i.e. neurodegeneration). Our findings enhance the understanding of sensorimotor control and learning mechanisms that underlie complex motor tasks. They furthermore provide a unified methodological platform to bridge the divide between behavior, computation and neural implementation with promising clinical and technological implications (e.g. diagnostics, robotics, BMI).
12
Zhuohua, Qu. "Analytical quality control in shipping operation using six sigma principles." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4520/.
Full textAbstract:
A large number of benefits achieved through the successful implementation of Six Sigma programmes in different industries have been documented. However, very little research has been conducted on their applications in the shipping sector, especially in the Onshore Service Functions (OSFs) of shipping companies. Literature shows that heavy human involvement in the service industries such as shipping leads to a high volume of uncertainties which are difficult to be correctly and effectively measured or managed by simply using the traditional data analysis and statistical methods in Six Sigma. The aim of this study is to develop new quantitative analytical methodologies to enable the application and implementation of Six Sigma to improve the service quality of OSFs in shipping companies. Intensive investigations on the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed new methods and models through case studies in world leading container ship lines and shipping management companies have been carried out to ensure the achievement of the aim. This study firstly reviews the evolvement of quality control and some typical methods in the area, the development of Six Sigma, its tools and current applications, especially in the service industries. It is followed by a new framework of the Six Sigma implementation in the OSFs of shipping companies which is supported by a few real process excellence projects carried out in a world-leading ship line. In the process of the framework development, various issues and challenges appear largely due to the existence of uncertainties in data such as ambiguity and incompleteness caused by extensive subjective judgements. Advanced methods and models are developed to tackle the above challenges as well as complement the traditional Six Sigma tools so that the new Six Sigma methodologies can be confidently applied in situations where uncertainties in data exist at different levels. A new fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution ii(TOPSIS) method is developed by combining the traditional TOPSIS, fuzzy numbers and interval approximation sets to facilitate the effective selection of Six Sigma projects and achieve the optimal use of resources towards the company objectives. A revised Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) model is proposed in the “Analyse” step in Six Sigma to improve the capability of classical FMEA in failure identification in service industries. The new FMEA model uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Bayesian Reasoning (FBR) approaches to increase the accuracy of failure identification while not compromising the easiness and visibility of the Risk Priority Number (RPN) method. Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Analytical Network Process (ANP) methods are incorporated with Fuzzy logic and Evidential Reasoning (ER), for the very first time to generate a Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) management method where the weights of indicators are rationally assigned by considering the interdependency among the indicators. Incomplete and fuzzy evaluations of the KPIs are synthesised in a rational way to achieve a compatible and comparable result. It is concluded that the newly developed Six Sigma framework together with its supporting quantitative analytical models has made significant contribution to facilitate the quality control and process improvement in shipping companies. It has been strongly evidenced by the success of the applications of the new models in real cases. The financial gains and continuous benefits produced in the investigated shipping companies have attracted a wider range of interests from different service industries. It is therefore believed that this work will have a high potential to be tailored for a wide range of applications across sectors and industries when the uncertainties in data exceed the ability that the classical Six Sigma tools and methods possess.
13
Davis, Hurley Thomas Jr. "An investigation of passive actuation for trajectory control." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17843.
Full text
14
Månsson, Jonas. "Principles for Channel Allocation in GSM." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10697.
Full textAbstract:
In today's GSM system there is a complex resource situation when it comes to the scarce TDMA channels in the air interface, the time slots. There are both voice call services that use one or a half time slot and there are packet data users, that may share time slots with other packet data users, and they can use multiple channels at the same time. Allocating time to users is a crucial part in the system and it may affect the performance for the end user substantially.
In the future there may be more types of services than just voice and packet data and that these services may have specific demands on their channels, time slots. That means they would not be able to use just any of the available channels. The way to "give" services channels is what is called channel allocation. In this thesis four different services and three different principles for channel allocation is implemented in a Matlab simulator and simulated. The thesis goal is to determine which principle is best for which mix of services.
The principles that have been investigated are Flexible Algorithm that lets all services use all channels, Fix Dedication Algorithm where all channels are dedicated to a service and only can be used by that one and finally Soft Dedication Algorithm where all channels are dedicated to a service but may be used by other services when it is not needed by the preferred one.
The conclusion is, simplified, that the Soft Dedication Algorithm generates low blocking rates, high bandwidth and that it is a quite robust principle although the borrowing user may be preempted. It may not always be the best one but over all it is the one to prefer.
Detta examensarbete är utfört på uppdrag av och i samarbete med Ericsson och rör kanal- och resurshantering i GSM-systemet.
Ett ständigt problem vid trådlös och mobil kommunikation är den begränsade mängd frekvenser som finns tillgängliga i radiogränssnittet och hur pass nära två radioresursers frekvenser kan ligga varandra. I GSM används TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) för att få plats med många användare på ett smalt frekvensband. TDMA innebär förenklat att tiden delas upp i åtta tidsluckor och att varje användare får tillgång till en av radioresurserna under en sådan tidslucka (kanal). Detta gäller både i upp- och nedlänk.
I nuläget finns två tjänster, paketdata och tal, som använder tidsluckorna på olika sätt. En talanvändare använder en eller en halv lucka själv medan paketdataanvändare kan dela på en eller flera luckor. Det finns alltså en mängd olika sätt att allokera, "dela ut", dessa luckor till ett givet antal användare. I nuläget har man en väl fungerande algoritm för detta men man tror att det i framtiden kommer att finnas fler tjänster med mer specifika krav på sina tidsluckor (kanaler) och att man då inte längre kan använda samma princip för kanalallokeringen.
I detta exjobb har tre nya, enkla och renodlade principer för kanalallokering undersökts för fyra fiktiva tjänster. Det tre principerna är Flexible Algorithm, där alla tjänster tillåts använda alla kanaler, Fix Dedication Algorithm, där alla kanaler är dedicerade till någon tjänst och endast kan användas av just denna tjänst; och slutligen Soft Dedication Algorithm som fungerar liknande den föregående men här kan tjänster "låna" kanaler av andra tjänster så längs som de är lediga. I Soft Dedication Algorithm kan en eventuell "låntagare" bli avbruten om en användare av rätt tjänst inte hittar en ledig kanal.
Utvärdering har skett genom att simulera systemet i en, delvis egengjord, Matlabsimulator.
Resultaten visar, förenklat, att Soft Dedication Algorithm är den bästa vad gäller låg blockering, kanalutnyttjande och även bandbredder. Den är även förhållandevis robust mot variationer i last.
15
Migliore, Shane Anthony. "Control of robotic joints using principles from the equilibrium point hypothesis of animal motor control." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5009.
Full textAbstract:
Biological systems are able to perform complex movements with high energy-efficiency and, in general, can adapt to environmental changes more elegantly than traditionally engineered mechanical
systems. The Equilibrium Point Hypothesis describes animal motor control as trajectories of
equilibrium joint angle and joint stiffness. Traditional approaches to robot design are unable to implement this control scheme because they lack joint actuation methods that can control mechanical stiffness, and, in general, they are unable to take advantage of energy introduced into the system by the environment. In this paper, we describe the development and implementation of an FPGA-controlled, servo-actuated robotic joint that incorporates series-elastic actuation with specially developed nonlinear springs. We show that the joint's equilibrium angle and stiffness are independently controllable and that their independence is not lost in the presence of external joint torques. This approach to joint control emulates the behavior of antagonistic muscles, and thus produces a mechanical system that demonstrates biological similarity both in its observable
output and in its method of control.
16
Migliore, Shane A. "Control of robotic joints using principles from the equilibrium point hypothesis of animal motor control." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05202004-001736/unrestricted/migliore%5Fshane%5Fa%5F200407%5Fms.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. Directed by Stephen DeWeerth.Dr. Stephen DeWeerth, Committee Chair ; Dr. Robert Butera, Committee Member ; Dr. Lena Ting, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
17
Isaksson-Lutteman, Gunnika. "Future Train Traffic Control : Development and deployment of new principles and systems in train traffic control." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-169038.
Full textAbstract:
The train traffic control system of the future requires new solutions and strategies in order to better meet tomorrow’s demands and goals. Uppsala University and Trafikverket have been collaborating for several years in research regarding train traffic control and how to improve traffic controllers’ support systems and working environment. At an early stage in the collaboration studies and analysis of important aspects of the traffic controller’s tasks, strategies, decision making, use of information and support systems were undertaken. This research resulted in new control paradigms, from control by exception to control by replanning. By using this paradigm we developed and designed prototype systems and interfaces that could better meet future goals and contribute to more optimal use of infrastructure capacity. Based on this research, a new operational traffic control system called STEG was developed in an iterative and user-centred design process. The system was deployed and tested operatively at a train traffic control centre in Sweden. The following evaluations focused on what happens when STEG is introduced in train traffic controllers’ work places. The evaluation of STEG showed satisfied users with a feeling of active involvement during the design and deployment processes, and gave confirmation that the new control strategies are functioning. STEG was seen as successful and was thereafter developed into MULTI-STEG, intended to be used by several users simultaneously, supporting them to share information in a new way. MULTI-STEG was deployed and tested at another train traffic control centre in Sweden. The following evaluations of MULTI-STEG focused on what happens when several users are involved and how train traffic controllers felt when sharing information, that before would have only been in their own minds, with each other. Some complications occurred due to mistakes in the deployment process, but altogether the evaluation showed positive attitudes towards the new system and MULTI-STEG was perceived as an efficient system for train traffic control. The main results are that STEG and MULTI-STEG can be used as an efficient train traffic control system and the new system can reduce the unnecessary cognitive load currently placed upon traffic controllers in today’s system. Also the deployment process is fundamental to the acceptance or non-acceptance of a new system by users. STEG was developed in a user-centred design process, but it is important that the deployment process is also user-centred.Framtidens system för tågtrafikstyrning kräver nya lösningar och strategier för att bättre kunna möta morgondagens krav och mål inom tågtrafikstyrning. Uppsala universitet och Trafikverket har samarbetat under många år när det gäller tågtrafikstyrning och hur man ska kunna förbättra trafikledarnas styrsystem och arbetsmiljö. I ett tidigt stadium av samarbetet har det gjorts studier och analyser av trafikledarnas uppgifter, strategier, beslutsfattande, användande av tillgänglig information samt deras tekniska stödsystem. Denna forskning resulterade i nya styr-paradigmer; från att arbeta genom att använda styrning genom undantagslösningar till att använda styrning med omplanering. Genom att använda den nya styr-paradigmen utvecklades och designades prototyp-system och gränssnitt som bättre kunde möta framtidens mål och därmed bidra till en mer optimal användning av infrastrukturens kapacitet. Ett nytt operativt tågtrafikstyrningssystem utvecklades och kallades STEG, Styrning av Tåg genom Elektronisk Graf, i en iterativ och användarcentrerad process. Systemet implementerades och testades operativt på en trafikledningscentral i mellersta Sverige. Utvärderingarna som gjordes fokuserade på vad som händer när man introducerade STEG på trafikledarnas arbetsplats. Utvärderingen visade nöjda användare som kände att de fått vara med under både utvecklings- och implementeringsfasen av det nya styrningssystemet, samt att den nya styrprincipen fungerar. STEG var framgångsrikt och har därefter vidareutvecklats till MULTI-STEG som är avsett att användas av flera användare samtidigt och därmed ge trafikledarna en möjlighet att kunna dela information på ett nytt sätt. MULTI-STEG implementerades och testades på en annan trafikledningscentral i norra Sverige. Utvärderingarna fokuserade på vad som händer när flera användare delar information och hur det påverkade deras arbete. En del komplikationer inträffade genom att misstag i implementeringsprocessen gjordes, men sammanfattningsvis så var attityden gentemot det nya systemet positiv och MULTI-STEG ansågs vara ett effektivt system för tågtrafikstyrning. De huvudsakliga resultaten är att STEG och MULTI-STEG kan användas som ett effektivt system för tågtrafikstyrning och att det nya systemet reducerar den onödiga kognitiva belastningen som trafikledarna upplever med dagens befintliga tågtrafiksystem. STEG är utvecklat i en användarcentrerad process, men det krävs även att implementeringsfasen är användarcentrerad för att ett nytt system ska fungera.
FTTS
18
Stork, Jeremy Adam Joseph. "Towards engineering principles for human-computer interaction (domestic energy planning and control)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402071.
Full text
19
Adams, Randall M. "Application of risk control principles in relations with the health care community." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002adamsr.pdf.
Full text
20
Penney, John 1974. "Managing the implementation of automotive emission control technologies using systems engineering principles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34737.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-80).
In the 1940s and 1950s poor air quality in major metropolitan areas throughout the United States started to negatively influence the health of citizens throughout the country. After numerous studies the government concluded that mobile sources of air pollution were a significant contributor to the deteriorating air quality. From that point onwards, the automobile manufacturers have been forced to comply with ever tightening emission regulations. This thesis describes an original investigation into the conflicting clockspeeds that prohibit rapid integration of new automobile emission technologies into production automobiles. Common themes and barriers to technology implementation are uncovered by systematically analyzing current production emission technology and exhaust gas after-treatment systems, and investigating how those systems have evolved over the years. A heuristic for analyzing the technology clockspeed is developed by decomposing the problem into four interconnected cycles. These four cycles correspond to the government's process to develop new automobile emission control regulations and the automobile manufacturer's ability to engineer and certify vehicle platforms, engines, and combustion after-treatment systems. This thesis analyzes the emission control technology development process in six chapters. The first chapter deals with setting the scope and defining the boundaries of the systems that will be analyzed. Chapter two analyzes the driving forces behind the creation of emission regulations and the legislative processes that transform ideas into law. Chapter three analyzes the second level decomposition of the problem at the vehicle level with a specific emphasis on Ford Motor Company's Fox vehicle platform.
(cont.) The fourth chapter decomposes the problem to the engine system level with a focus on the production history of American V8 engines. Chapter five investigates the management of a catalytic converter development program and recommends an organizational structure to efficiently develop catalytic converter systems. The organizational structure recommendation is based on results obtained from a task oriented design structure matrix and a system engineering decomposition.
by John Penney.
S.M.
21
Yin, Xin. "Operational security monitoring technology and cooperative control principles for complex industrial processes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/operational-security-monitoring-technology-and-cooperative-control-principles-for-complex-industrial-processes(ee55c32d-3d72-4ced-82e5-7050852dda63).html.
Full textAbstract:
The development of modern process industries, and increasingly fierce competition in the world market, has inevitably led to new demands on process control from industrial sectors. An important question for process control is how to secure the security operation of complex industries. The power system is one of the most complex industrial systems in the world, and faults in transmission lines pose a threat to the safe and stable operation of power systems. An inspection and monitoring system for transmission lines is proposed in this thesis, and, as a case study, a comprehensive early-warning scheme for assessing the icing condition of transmission lines with probability density function (PDF) based image recognition technology is carried out. In addition, fault location technologies for both transmission lines and distribution networks are discussed as another important component of the operational security of power systems. These provide fault location methods based on distribution characteristics of faulty currents in optical ground wire (OPGW) and the travelling wave scheme with distribution generations. Finally, control algorithms for optimising the power distribution network are also discussed. Cooperative control, based upon physical network connectivity, is proposed. This is used to maintain a group of generators operating at the identical ratio in terms of their available power, which is known as fair utilisation.
22
Ashraf, Imran, and Amir Shahzed Khokhar. "Principles for Distributed Databases in Telecom Environment." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4753.
Full textAbstract:
Centralized databases are becoming bottleneck for organizations that are physically distributed and access data remotely. Data management is easy in centralized databases. However, it carries high communication cost and most importantly high response time. The concept of distributing the data over various locations is very attractive for such organizations. In such cases the database is fragmented into fragments and distributed to the locations where it is needed. This kind of distribution provides local control of data and the data access is also very fast in such databases. However, concurrency control, query optimization and data allocations are the factors that affect the response time and must be investigated prior to implementing distributed databases. This thesis makes the use of mixed method approach to meet its objective. In quantitative section, we performed an experiment to compare the response time of two databases; centralized and fragmented/distributed. The experiment was performed at Ericsson. A literature review was also done to find out other important response time related issues like query optimization, concurrency control and data allocation. The literature review revealed that these factors can further improve the response time in distributed environment. Results of the experiment showed a substantial decrease in the response time due to the fragmentation and distribution.Centraliserade databaser blir flaskhals för organisationer som är fysiskt distribuerade och tillgång till data på distans. Datahantering är lätt i centrala databaser. Men bär den höga kostnaden kommunikation och viktigast av hög svarstid. Konceptet att distribuera data över olika orter är mycket attraktiv för sådana organisationer. I sådana fall databasen är splittrade fragment och distribueras till de platser där det behövs. Denna typ av distribution ger lokal kontroll av uppgifter och dataåtkomst är också mycket snabb i dessa databaser. Men, samtidighet kontroll, frågeoptimering och data anslagen är de faktorer som påverkar svarstiden och måste utredas innan genomförandet distribuerade databaser. Denna avhandling gör användningen av blandade metod strategi för att nå sitt mål. I kvantitativa delen utförde vi ett experiment för att jämföra svarstid på två databaser, centraliserad och fragmenterad / distribueras. Försöket utfördes på Ericsson. En litteraturstudie har gjorts för att ta reda på andra viktiga svarstid liknande frågor som frågeoptimering, samtidighet kontroll och data tilldelning. Litteraturgenomgången visade att dessa faktorer ytterligare kan förbättra svarstiden i distribuerad miljö. Resultaten av försöket visade en betydande minskning av den svarstid på grund av splittring och distribution.
23
Forbes, Harold C. "Operating system principles and constructs for dynamic multi-processor real-time control systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8165.
Full text
24
Nayak, Sanjit. "The Use of Coordination Chemistry Principles to Control Aggregation Processes of Metal Ions." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000009969.
Full text
25
Voisei, Mircea Dan. "First-order necessary optimality conditions for nonlinar optimal control problems." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1091111473.
Full text
26
Lännhult, Peter. "Principles of a Central Database for System Interfaces during Train Development." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12014.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis has developed a database solution for storage of interface data which are to different systems in a train, the interface data is used in the design of data communication between different systems in the vehicles. The database solution has focused on following problems: revision control of project related data, consistency of interface data between documentation and database, the possibility to roll back the database to an earlier revision, and the possibility to extract delta documents between two revisions in the database. For demonstration of the database solution, a user interface program has been created which communicates with the database. Revision control of the database has been solved by dividing the project related data into three sections: one approved, one modified, and one revised section. The approved section always contains the latest approved data and thereby the ability to read data even though it is subject for a revision at the moment. The modified section contains data that are currently being changed. Obsolete data are stored in the revised section. To aviod inconsistency of interface data which are stored in both Word documents and in the database, the data is extracted from the database and inserted into tables in the Word documents. The Word documents contain bookmarks where the tables shall be inserted. Algorithms for rolling back the database to an earlier revision, and to extract delta documents were created. These algorithms are not implemented in the user interface program. As a result from this thesis, the interface data is revision controlled and no data is removed from the database during the change process; the data is moved between sections with different flags and revision numbers. Only if the database is rolled back to an earlier revision, data is removed. The functionality to transfer data from the database into tables in Word documents is verified.Detta examensarbete har tagit fram en databaslösning för lagring av gränssnittsdata för olika systemenheter i ett tåg, gränssnittsdatat används i konstruktionen av kommunikation mellan olika system i fordonen. Databaslösningen har fokuserats på följande problem: revisionskontroll av projekt relaterat data, att gränssnittsdata överensstämmer mellan dokument och databasen, möjligheten att kunna gå tillbaks till en tidigare revision i databasen, samt möjligheten att kunna exportera delta dokument mellan två revisioner i databasen. För att demonstrera databaslösningen har ett användarprogram skapats som kommunicerar med databasen. Revisionskontroll i databasen har lösts genom att dela upp det projektrelaterade datat i tre sektioner: en godkänd, en modifierad samt en reviderad sektion. I den godkända sektionen finns alltid det senast godkända datat och möjligheten att läsa dessa data även om den är under ändring. I den modifierade sektonen finns data som är under pågående ändring. Data som har blivit ersatt återfinns i den reviderade sektionen. För att undvika inkonsekvens av gränssnittssdata som återfinns både i Word-dokument samt i databasen, extraheras datat från databasen till tabeller i Word-dokumenten. Word-dokumenten innehåller bokmärken där tabellerna sätts in. Algoritmer är framtagna för att kunna backa tillbaka till en tidigare revision i databasen samt kunna exportera delta dokument. Dessa algoritmer är inte implementerade i användarprogrammet. Detta examensarbete har resluterat i att gränssnittsdatat är revisionskontrollerat och inget data tas bort från databasen under en ändringsrutin, datat flyttas bara mellan olika sektioner med olika flaggor och revisionsnummer. Endast om man går tillbaks till en tidigare revision tas data bort ur databasen. Funktionaliteten att överföra gränssnittsdata från databasen till tabeller i Word-dokument är verifierad.
27
Martin, Johansson, and Göthager Mikael. "Which Management Control System principles and aspects are relevant when deploying a learning machine?" Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15373.
Full textAbstract:
How shall a business adapt its management control systems when learning machines enter the arena? Will the control system continue to focus on humans aspects and continue to consider a learning machine to be an automation tool as any other historically programmed computer? Learning machines introduces productivity capabilities that achieve very high levels of efficiency and quality. A learning machine can sort through large amounts of data and make conclusions difficult by a human mind. However, as learning machines become even more complex systems, they introduce an uncertainty not previously considered by automation tools. The algorithms can make their own associations, and the automation engineer will no longer know exactly how a learning machine produces its outcome. What is the motive for a learning machine’s decision? A learning machine in this context becomes more human-like compared to the older generation of automation computers. This thesis concludes that most contemporary Management Control System principles are relevant when deploying machine learning, but some are not. A Management Control System must in contradiction to a historically programmed computer, consider multiple human-like aspects while controlling a deployed learning machine. These conclusions are based on empirical data from web-articles, TED-talks, literature and questionnaires directed to contemporary companies using machine learning within their organizations.
28
Marx, Johannes. "Study of the skincalm filling process at Aspen Pharmacare applying some six sigma principles." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/184.
Full textAbstract:
Aspen Pharmacare is listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange South Africa (JSE) and is Africa’s largest pharmaceutical manufacturer. The company is a major supplier of branded pharmaceutical and healthcare products to the local and selected international markets. For decades, Aspen has manufactured a basket of affordable, quality, and effective products for the ethical, generic over-the-counter (OTC) and personal care markets. Aspen is also the leading supplier of generic medicines to the public sector, providing comprehensive coverage of the products on the Essential Drug List. Aspen continues to deliver on its commitment toward playing a role in social responsibility diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. In August 2003 Aspen developed Africa’s first generic anti-retroviral drug, namely Aspen-Stavudine. Aspen’s manufacturing facilities are based in Port Elizabeth (PE) and East London. Aspen has recently completed an Oral Solid Dosage (OSD) manufacturing facility worth approximately R150 million in PE. The Group manufactures approximately 20 tons of product daily and in excess of 400 tons of solid dosage pharmaceuticals, which equates to more than 2 billion tablets. In addition, more than 3 million litres of liquid pharmaceuticals and over 200 tons of pharmaceutical creams and ointments are produced per year [1]. Aspen excels at delivering quality products and services, exceeding customer expectations, complying with international standards in an environment that cultivates technical expertise and innovation. Following this philosophy through to the shop floor areas mean that there are always initiatives in continuous production improvement. One of these improvement projects introduced is called Six Sigma. 8 Ten members of the staff, selected from different expertise fields in the company were trained in Six Sigma. Knowledge gained from the two week training course were applied to different areas in the factory using Six Sigma principles. This dissertation focuses on the study undertaken in one of production areas, namely the filling process of the ointments and creams at the Aspen Port Elizabeth facility.
29
Logan, Wendy-Kay (Wendy-Kay Ruth). "Applying IT governance principles of control, coordination, and communication in a shared services technology group." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66059.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Pages 93 and 94 are blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 91).
IT governance focuses on how leadership can be effective and efficient in guiding an organization's use of technology to meet business needs. Over the past decade, IT governance has become a key issue of concern for senior technology leaders around the world. This research suggests that shared services technology groups can leverage appropriately architected IT governance practices given three primary roles played by IT governance to induce appropriate IT-related behaviors: control, coordination, and communication. Specifically, this thesis represents research completed at Raytheon Company's Space and Airborne Systems (SAS) division in partnership with MIT's Leaders for Global Operations (LGO) program. The author worked closely with the Logistics Strategy and Optimization group, which focuses on optimizing business processes and maintaining performance metrics for SAS Logistics. The author led a team to formalize the technology introduction process to increase business unit visibility, knowledge sharing, and reuse by applying traditional IT governance and core process redesign principles. By analyzing Raytheon's technology introduction process through the lens of control, coordination and communication, this research was able to validate the relevance of the framework in a specific shared services environment. An improved technology introduction process is proposed and tested along with recommendations for organizational changes to improve alignment across different business sites. Some recommendations include expanding technology knowledge and oversight through new communication channels, expanding core team responsibilities, and standardizing product development documentation focused on appropriately setting customer expectations. This thesis also documents insights about business unit readiness to adopt shared technologies and provides recommendations for future work focusing on project portfolio management and stakeholder documentation.
by Wendy-Kay Logan.
S.M.
M.B.A.
30
Hoyos, Mona [Verfasser], and Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Papenfort. "Principles of RNA-based gene expression control in Vibrio cholerae / Mona Hoyos ; Betreuer: Kai Papenfort." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1227188471/34.
Full text
31
Liu, Pengcheng. "Bio-inspired robotic control in underactuation : principles for energy efficacy, dynamic compliance interactions and adaptability." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2018. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/30296/.
Full textAbstract:
Biological systems achieve energy efficient and adaptive behaviours through extensive autologous and exogenous compliant interactions. Active dynamic compliances are created and enhanced from musculoskeletal system (joint-space) to external environment (task-space) amongst the underactuated motions. Underactuated systems with viscoelastic property are similar to these biological systems, in that their self-organisation and overall tasks must be achieved by coordinating the subsystems and dynamically interacting with the environment. One important question to raise is: How can we design control systems to achieve efficient locomotion, while adapt to dynamic conditions as the living systems do? In this thesis, a trajectory planning algorithm is developed for underactuated microrobotic systems with bio-inspired self-propulsion and viscoelastic property to achieve synchronized motion in an energy efficient, adaptive and analysable manner. The geometry of the state space of the systems is explicitly utilized, such that a synchronization of the generalized coordinates is achieved in terms of geometric relations along the desired motion trajectory. As a result, the internal dynamics complexity is sufficiently reduced, the dynamic couplings are explicitly characterised, and then the underactuated dynamics are projected onto a hyper-manifold. Following such a reduction and characterization, we arrive at mappings of system compliance and integrable second-order dynamics with the passive degrees of freedom. As such, the issue of trajectory planning is converted into convenient nonlinear geometric analysis and optimal trajectory parameterization. Solutions of the reduced dynamics and the geometric relations can be obtained through an optimal motion trajectory generator. Theoretical background of the proposed approach is presented with rigorous analysis and developed in detail for a particular example. Experimental studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Towards compliance interactions with the environment, accurate modelling or prediction of nonlinear friction forces is a nontrivial whilst challenging task. Frictional instabilities are typically required to be eliminated or compensated through efficiently designed controllers. In this work, a prediction and analysis framework is designed for the self-propelled vibro-driven system, whose locomotion greatly relies on the dynamic interactions with the nonlinear frictions. This thesis proposes a combined physics-based and analytical-based approach, in a manner that non-reversible characteristic for static friction, presliding as well as pure sliding regimes are revealed, and the frictional limit boundaries are identified. Nonlinear dynamic analysis and simulation results demonstrate good captions of experimentally observed frictional characteristics, quenching of friction-induced vibrations and satisfaction of energy requirements. The thesis also performs elaborative studies on trajectory tracking. Control schemes are designed and extended for a class of underactuated systems with concrete considerations on uncertainties and disturbances. They include a collocated partial feedback control scheme, and an adaptive variable structure control scheme with an elaborately designed auxiliary control variable. Generically, adaptive control schemes using neural networks are designed to ensure trajectory tracking. Theoretical background of these methods is presented with rigorous analysis and developed in detail for particular examples. The schemes promote the utilization of linear filters in the control input to improve the system robustness. Asymptotic stability and convergence of time-varying reference trajectories for the system dynamics are shown by means of Lyapunov synthesis.
32
Krügel, André. "Eye movement control during reading : factors and principles of computing the word center for saccade planning." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2015/7259/.
Full textAbstract:
Reading is a complex cognitive task based on the analyses of visual stimuli. Due to the physiology of the eye, only a small number of letters around the fixation position can be extracted with high visual acuity, while the visibility of words and letters outside this so-called foveal region quickly drops with increasing eccentricity. As a consequence, saccadic eye movements are needed to repeatedly shift the fovea to new words for visual word identification during reading.
Moreover, even within a foveated word fixation positions near the word center are superior to other fixation positions for efficient word recognition (O’Regan, 1981; Brysbaert, Vitu, and Schroyens, 1996). Thus, most reading theories assume that readers aim specifically at word centers during reading (for a review see Reichle, Rayner, & Pollatsek, 2003). However, saccades’ landing positions within words during reading are in fact systematically modulated by the distance of the launch site from the word center (McConkie, Kerr, Reddix, & Zola, 1988). In general, it is largely unknown how readers identify the center of upcoming target words and there is no computational model of the sensorimotor translation of the decision for a target word into spatial word center coordinates.
Here we present a series of three studies which aim at advancing the current knowledge about the computation of saccade target coordinates during saccade planning in reading. Based on a large corpus analyses, we firstly identified word skipping as a further factor beyond the launch-site distance with a likewise systematic and surprisingly large effect on within-word landing positions. Most importantly, we found that the end points of saccades after skipped word are shifted two and more letters to the left as compared to one-step saccades (i.e., from word N to word N+1) with equal launch-site distances. Then we present evidence from a single saccade experiment suggesting that the word-skipping effect results from highly automatic low-level perceptual processes, which are essentially based on the localization of blank spaces between words. Finally, in the third part, we present a Bayesian model of the computation of the word center from primary sensory measurements of inter-word spaces. We demonstrate that the model simultaneously accounts for launch-site and saccade-type contingent modulations of within-word landing positions in reading. Our results show that the spatial saccade target during reading is the result of complex estimations of the word center based on incomplete sensory information, which also leads to specific systematic deviations of saccades’ landing positions from the word center. Our results have important implications for current reading models and experimental reading research.Lesen ist eine komplexe kognitive Aufgabe, die auf der Analyse visueller Reize beruht. Aufgrund der Physiologie des Auges kann jedoch nur eine kleine Anzahl von Buchstaben um den Fixationsort mit hoher visueller Genauigkeit wahrgenommen werden, während die Sichtbarkeit der Buchstaben und Wörter außerhalb der sogenannten fovealen Zone mit zunehmender Entfernung stark abnimmt. Während des Lesens sind deshalb sakkadische Augenbewegungen erforderlich, um die Fovea zur visuellen Identifikation neuer Wörter wiederholt innerhalb des Textes zu verschieben. Auch innerhalb eines direkt betrachteten Wortes erlauben mittige Fixationsorte eine effizientere Wortverarbeitung als randnahe Blickpositionen (O’Regan, 1981; Brysbaert, Vitu, and Schroyens, 1996). Die meisten Lesemodelle nehmen deshalb an, dass Leser auf die Mitte von Worten zielen (für eine Übersicht siehe Reichle, Rayner, & Pollatsek, 2003). Es zeigt sich aber, dass Landepositionen innerhalb von Wörtern im Lesen von der Distanz der Startposition einer Sakkade zur Mitte des Zielwortes moduliert werden (McConkie, Kerr, Reddix, & Zola, 1988). Noch ist weitgehend unklar, wie Leser die Mitte eines Zielwortes identifizieren. Es fehlt an computationalen Modellen die die sensumotorische Umwandlung der Auswahl eines Zielwortes in eine räumliche Koordinate der Wortmitte beschreiben. Wir präsentieren hier eine Reihe von drei Studien, die darauf abzielen, das Wissen über die Berechnung von Sakkadenzielkoordinaten im Lesen zu erweitern. In einer umfangreichen Korpusanalyse identifizerten wir zunächst das Überspringen von Wörtern als weiteren wichtigen Faktor bei der Sakkadenprogrammierung, der einen ähnlich systematischen und großen Effekt auf die Landepositionen hat wie die Startpositionen der Sakkaden. Anschließend zeigen wir Ergebnisse eines einfachen Sakkadenexperiments, welche nahelegen, dass der Effekt übersprungener Wörter das Ergebnis hoch automatisierter perzeptueller Prozesse ist, die wesentlich auf der Bestimmung von Leerzeichen zwischen Wörtern basieren. Schließlich präsentieren wir ein Bayesianisches Modell der Berechnung von Wortmitten auf der Grundlage der primären sensorischen Erfassungen von Leerzeichen zwischen Wörtern. Wir zeigen, dass das Modell gleichzeitig Effekte der Startposition und des Sakkadentyps erklärt. Unsere Arbeiten zeigen, dass die Berechnung räumlicher Koordinaten für die Sakkadenprogrammierung im Lesen auf einer komplexen Schätzung der Wortmitte anhand unvollständiger sensorischer Informationen beruht, die zu systematischen Abweichungen von der tatsächlichen Wortmitte führt. Unsere Ergebnisse haben wichtige Folgen für gegenwärtige Lesemodelle und für die experimentelle Leseforschung.
33
Wang, Lei Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "First-principles modeling of thermal stability and morphology control of cathode materials in Li-ion batteries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59711.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, February 2010."October 2009." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
We compute the energy of a large number of oxidation reactions of 3d transition metal oxides using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to density functional theory and GGA+ U method. Two substantial contributions to the error in GGA oxidation energies are identified. The first contribution originates from the overbinding of GGA in the O₂ molecule and is only present when the oxidant is O₂. The second error occurs in all oxidation reactions and is related to the correlation error in 3d orbitals in GGA. The constant error in the oxidation energy from the O₂ binding error can be corrected by fitting the formation enthalpy of simple non-transition metal oxides. Removal of the 02 binding error makes it possible to address the correlation effects in 3d transition metal oxides with the GGA+U method. Building on the previous success of obtaining accurate oxidation energies from first-principles calculations, we present a new method for predicting the thermodynamics of thermal degradation of charged cathode materials for rechargeable Li batteries and demonstrate it on three cathode materials, LixNiO₂, LixCoO₂, and LiMn2O₂. The calculated decomposition heat for the three systems is in good agreement with experiments. The electrolyte can act as a sink for the oxygen released from the cathode. Although oxygen release from the cathode is generally endothermic, its combustion with the electrolyte leads to a highly exothermic reaction, which is the main source of safety problems with lithium batteries. This thesis also studies surface properties and morphology control of olivine structure LiMPO₄ (M=Fe, Mn). The calculated surface energies and surface redox potentials are very anisotropic. With the calculated surface energies, we provide the thermodynamic equilibrium shape of a LiMPO₄ crystal under vacuum. We furthermore establish an ab initio approach to study surface adsorption and Li dissolution in aqueous solutions. We demonstrate for LiFePO₄ that ab initio calculations can be used effectively to investigate the crystal shape dependency on practical solution parameters, such as electric potential E and solution pH. Our first-principles work is helpful in finding a synthesis condition that favors the production of platelet shape LiFePO₄ with large area of reaction active (010) surface.
by Lei Wang.
Ph.D.
34
Boughton, Nicholas J. "Modelling manufacturing planning and control systems: the application of object-oriented principles and discrete-event simulation." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15285/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis argues that the fit between the planning and control system and the manufacturing organisation is a crucial element of success. The design of appropriate control systems is, therefore, important. The different approaches to the design of manufacturing planning and control systems are investigated. It is concluded that there is no provision within these design methodologies to properly assess the impact of a proposed design on the manufacturing facility. Consequently, an understanding of how a new (or modified) planning and control system will perform in the context of the complete manufacturing system is unlikely to be gained until after the system has been implemented and is running. There are many modelling techniques available, however discrete-event simulation is unique in its ability to model the complex dynamics inherent in manufacturing systems, of which the planning and control system is an integral component. The existing application of simulation to manufacturing control system issues is limited: although operational issues are addressed, application to the more fundamental design of control systems is rarely, if at all, considered. The lack of a suitable simulation-based modelling tool does not help matters. The requirements of a simulation tool capable of modelling a host of different planning and control systems is presented. It is argued that only through the application of object-oriented principles can these extensive requirements be achieved. This thesis reports on the development of an extensible class library called WBS/Control, which is based on object-oriented principles and discrete-event simulation. The functionality, both current and future, offered by WBS/Control means that different planning and control systems can be modelled: not only the more standard implementations but also hybrid systems and new designs. The flexibility implicit in the development of WBS/Control supports its application to design and operational issues. WBS/Control wholly integrates with an existing manufacturing simulator to provide a more complete modelling environment.
35
Tashtoush, Tariq Husni. "Using lean principles and simulation to enhance the effectiveness of a failure analysis laboratory in a manufacturing environment." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
Find full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2009.Includes bibliographical references.
36
Gupta, Mridula 1966. "Incorporation of the principles of nature in architecture: Sun, shade and temperature control in the Sonoran Desert." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278568.
Full textAbstract:
"Incorporation of the Principles of Nature in Architecture; Sun, Shade and Temperature Control in the Sonoran Desert" is a study of the adaptations of selected plants and animals to the unique climatic features of the desert environment. The lessons learned from this study are abstracted from the natural setting and presented in a systematic way to illustrate the incorporation of their adaptive principles into architecture. Living organisms continuously adapt to the changes of their environment and contribute a regenerative cycle of natural processes. Biotechnology adds important issues to the design process, including economy of resources, protection and thermal regulation in harmony with the fluctuations of the natural environment. The interaction of interior and exterior architectural space is a benefit, not a constraint, for the environment and its inhabitants. This biotechnological method can become a viable part of the traditional architectural design process.
37
Hassemer, Timm [Verfasser], and Franz-Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartl. "Principles of RNA and protein quality control at the eukaryotic ribosome / Timm Hassemer ; Betreuer: Franz-Ulrich Hartl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1173087559/34.
Full text
38
Malan, Kim. "Registered nurses' knowledge of infection control and sterile technique principles in the operating room complex of private hospitals." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1079.
Full textAbstract:
Infections are a major source of morbidity and cause of mortality during the post-operative phase for patients. Wound infections are the second most commonly encountered type of nosocomial, hospital-acquired, infection in the United States (Nichols, 2007:8). Owing to the fact that wound infection may be induced, such as, by not applying infection control and sterile technique principles in the operating room complex, it is imperative to implement infection control principles and apply sterile technique principles. The researcher noticed that some of the sterile technique principles were not carried out in the operating room complex which lead to the necessity to assess the knowledge of registered nurses’ regarding the implementation of infection control and sterile technique principles. The main goal of the study was to explore and describe the knowledge of registered nurses’ in two private hospitals in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, related to infection control and sterile technique principles in the operating room complex. Following the analysis of the data, the researcher made recommendations for changes to be made to the existing infection control guidelines in the operating room complex. The research design was quantitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual in nature. The sample consisted of all the registered nurses known as scrub nurses, in the operating room complex. The unit managers were excluded from the study, because the researcher utilized their assistance with the handing out and collecting of the questionnaires because, not all scrub nurses were at work at the same time. Firstly a pilot study was conducted (in both private hospitals) to confirm the reliability of the data collection instrument. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire that was self-administered and consisted out of three sections: Section A – Biographical Data; Section B – Knowledge Base Related to Infection Control Principles and Section C – Knowledge Base Related to the Principles of Asepsis. The researcher consulted experts to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaires and to ensure that the iv questionnaires would measure what it is intended to measure and that it will remain consistent. The data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed by means of statistical and inferential analysis and included descriptive statistics with the assistance of a statistician. Following the analysis of the data, recommendations for changes to be made to the existing infection control guidelines in the operating room complex was made. This was done with relevant literature and the guidelines were discussed with experts in the field. The researcher ensured that all the legal and ethical requirements, such as the participants’ right to privacy, were maintained throughout the study.
39
Norrie, Kenneth McKenzie. "Compensation for wrongful birth : an examination of the principles governing a physician's liability in Scots law for the failure of a family planning procedure." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1988. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=185534.
Full textAbstract:
This work examines the series of cases known as the 'wrongful birth' cases, that is those in which a physician or surgeon has been sued by the parent or parents of a child on the basis of his negligence either in the provision of a family planning procedure or in the advice and information he gives regarding that procedure, as a result of which a child is born that would not have been born but for that negligence. The reported and unreported cases from the English courts are analysed, and a number of North American cases are referred to also, this in order to predict how the Scottish courts will or should deal with claims for wrongful birth. The thesis is written from the point of view of Scots law, and the English cases, though important, are not determinative. I have attempted to state the law of Scotland as it stands on 29th February 1988.
40
Schütz, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Rules for posture selection : cognitive principles of human motor control / Christoph Schütz. Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft - Abteilung Sportwissenschaft." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, Hochschulschriften, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032277475/34.
Full text
41
Atkinson, Laura. "Birth control or controlling birth?, a critical interrogation of two new contraceptive technologies using popular education practices and principles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq37474.pdf.
Full text
42
Mladenovic, Milos. "Development of Sustainable Traffic Control Principles for Self-Driving Vehicles: A Paradigm Shift Within the Framework of Social Justice." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64806.
Full textAbstract:
Developments of commercial self-driving vehicle (SDV) technology has a potential for a paradigm shift in traffic control technology. Contrary to some previous research approaches, this research argues that, as any other technology, traffic control technology for SDVs should be developed having in mind improved quality of life through a sustainable developmental approach. Consequently, this research emphasizes upon the social perspective of sustainability, considering its neglect in the conventional control principles, and the importance of behavioral considerations for accurately predicting impacts upon economic or environmental factors. The premise is that traffic control technology can affect the distribution of advantages and disadvantages in a society, and thus it requires a framework of social justice.
The framework of social justice is inspired by John Rawls' Theory of Justice as fairness, and tries to protect the inviolability of each user in a system. Consequently, the control objective is the distribution of delay per individual, considering for example that the effect of delay is not the same if a person is traveling to a grocery store as opposed to traveling to a hospital. The notion of social justice is developed as a priority system, with end-user responsibility, where user is able to assign a specific Priority Level for each individual trip with SDV. Selected Priority Level is used to determine the right-of-way for each self-driving vehicle at an intersection. As a supporting mechanism to the priority system, there is a structure of non-monetary Priority Credits. Rules for using Priority Credits are determined using knowledge from social science research and through empirical evaluation using surveys, interviews, and web-based experiment. In the physical space, the intersection control principle is developed as hierarchical self-organization, utilizing communication, sensing, and in-vehicle technological capabilities. This distributed control approach should enable robustness against failure, and scalability for future expansion. The control mechanism has been modeled as an agent-based system, allowing evaluation of effects upon safety and user delay. In conclusion, by reaching across multiple disciplines, this development provides the promise and the challenge for evolving SDV control technology. Future efforts for SDV technology development should continue to rely upon transparent public involvement and understanding of human decision-making.Ph. D.
43
Varayuth, Pattanasiriruk Riegle Rodney P. Strand Kenneth H. "School stakeholders' perceptions of total quality improvement principles in private vocational schools in Thailand." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3087871.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2003.Title from title page screen, viewed October 19, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Rodney P. Riegle, Kenneth H. Strand (co-chairs), George Padavil, Albert T. Azinger. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-165) and abstract. Also available in print.
44
Theunissen, Dirkie Petra. "Improving service quality and operations at a South African private healthcare clinic through the implimentation of lean principles." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020654.
Full textAbstract:
Although open to debate, it is something of an undisputed fact and has been since the days of Florence Nightingale, that hospital management is frustrated with recurring problems - many of them due to broken processes. Hospitals are places of phenomenal healing and heroic care. However, as with any human-led endeavour, there are problems. (Grunden (2009)) A first time use of the word ‘lean’ generally begs some explaination as it is not a commonly used word. The simplest way to explain the word is by way of the introduction of the concept known as ‘lean management’. Lean management is a methodology which allows hospitals to advance the quality of patient care by reducing errors and waiting times. Lean is a system of reinforcement of hospital business for the long term thereby reducing costs and risk. Kanban (2009) states that lean is a toolset; a management system and a viewpoint that can change the way hospitals are structured and managed. Lean helps managers to comprehend and identify broken systems and to improve these in small parts, while employees aid in finding solutions for broken systems. This proposal analyses the effect lean tools have had within Arwyp Medical Centre in Kempton Park, South Africa.
45
Theunissen, Dirkie Petra Stephanie. "Improving service quality and operations at a South African private healthcare clinic through the implimentation of lean principles." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019943.
Full textAbstract:
Although open to debate, it is something of an undisputed fact and has been since the days of Florence Nightingale, that hospital management is frustrated with recurring problems - many of them due to broken processes. Hospitals are places of phenomenal healing and heroic care. However, as with any human-led endeavour, there are problems. (Grunden (2009)). A first time use of the word ‘lean’ generally begs some explaination as it is not a commonly used word. The simplest way to explain the word is by way of the introduction of the concept known as ‘lean management’. Lean management is a methodology which allows hospitals to advance the quality of patient care by reducing errors and waiting times. Lean is a system of reinforcement of hospital business for the long term thereby reducing costs and risk. Kanban (2009) states that lean is a toolset; a management system and a viewpoint that can change the way hospitals are structured and managed. Lean helps managers to comprehend and identify broken systems and to improve these in small parts, while employees aid in finding solutions for broken systems. This proposal analyses the effect lean tools have had within Arwyp Medical Centre in Kempton Park, South Africa.
46
Rodgerson, Joanne Kelly. "Contributions to the study of a class of optimal control problems on the matrix lie group SO(3)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007199.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate a class of four left-invariant optimal control problems on the special orthogonal group SO(3). The set of all control-affine left-invariant control systems on SO(3) can, without loss, be reduced to a class of four typical controllable left-invariant control systems on SO(3) . The left-invariant optimal control problem on SO(3) involves finding a trajectory-control pair on SO (3), which minimizes a cost functional, and satisfies the given dynamical constraints and boundary conditions in a fixed time. The problem is lifted to the cotangent bundle T*SO(3) = SO(3) x so (3)* using the optimal Hamiltonian on so(3)*, where the maximum principle yields the optimal control. In a contribution to the study of this class of optimal control problems on SO(3), the extremal equations on so(3)* (ident ified with JR3) are integrated via elliptic functions to obtain explicit expressions for the solution curves in each typical case. The energy-Casimir method is used to give sufficient conditions for non-linear stability of the equilibrium states.KMBT_363
Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
47
Karanayil, Baburaj Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Parameter identification for vector contolled induction motor drives using artificial neural networks and fuzzy principles." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/21999.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyses, develops and implements a very fast on-line parameter identification algorithm for both rotor and stator resistances of a rotor flux oriented induction motor drive, with the best possible convergence results using artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic systems. The thesis focuses mainly on identifying the rotor resistance, which is the most critical parameter for RFOC. Limitations of PI and fuzzy logic based estimators were identified. Artificial neural network based estimators were found to track the rotor and stator resistances of the drive accurately and fast. The rotor flux of the induction motor estimated with a classical voltage model was the key input of the rotor resistance estimator. Because, pure digital integrators were unable to play this role, an alternative rotor flux synthesizer using a programmable cascaded filter was developed. This rotor flux synthesizer has been used for all of the resistance estimators. It was found that the error in rotor resistance estimation using an ANN was contributed to by error in the stator resistance (caused by motor heating). Several stator resistance estimators using the stator current measurements were developed. The limitations of a PI and a fuzzy estimator for stator resistance estimation were also established. A new stator resistance identifier using an ANN was found to be much superior to the PI and fuzzy estimators, both in terms of dynamic estimation times and convergence problems. The rotor resistance estimator developed for this thesis used a feedforward neural network and the stator resistance estimator used a recurrent neural network. Both networks exhibited excellent learning capabilities; the stator resistance estimator network was very fast as it had a feedback input. A speed estimator was also developed with the state estimation principles, with the updated motor parameters supplied by the ANN estimators. Analysis for speed sensorless operation has shown that the stator and rotor resistances could be updated on-line.
48
Pamborides, George Pan. "The impact of public international law on private shipping law : the effect of the modern international legislative and enforcement practices on certain principles of maritime law." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264650.
Full text
49
Telli, Ilkin Ece. "Determination Of Metabolic Bottlenecks Using Reaction Engineering Principles In Serine Alkaline Protease Production By Recombinant Bacillus Species." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605227/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, firstly, bioprocess characteristics for Serine Alkaline Protease (SAP) production, using recombinant Bacillus subtilis carrying pHV1431::subC, were examined. The cell concentration, substrate concentration, SAP activity and SAP synthesis rate profiles demonstrated that the system reaches to a steady state in terms of cell growth and SAP synthesis between t=15-25 h, therefore, this time interval is appropriate to employ both metabolic flux analysis and metabolic control analysis, which apply strictly to steady state systems.
After that, three separate perturbations were introduced by addition of aspartate to the production medium at a certain time of the bioprocess. The response of the cells were observed andby comparing the changes in intracellular reactions of aspartate pathway, Asn, Thr and Ile productions were determined to be the bottlenecks in aspartate pathway and the branchpoints splitting from Asp and AspSa were identified to be weakly rigid branchpoints. Lastly, metabolic control analysis principles were applied to determine the elasticity and flux control coefficients of the simplified aspartate pathway. Aspartate formation reaction and Lys, Thr, Ile, Met producing group share the control of asparagine synthesis. The results revealed that lysine producing branch flux dominates the other branch fluxes, therefore to eliminate bottlenecks and increase SAP production, the activity of the branches leading to the formation of Asn, Thr and Ile should be increased while decreasing the activity of lysine synthesizing branch. This could be achieved either by genetic manipulation or by addition of specific inhibitors or activators to the system.
50
Li, Ruogu. "Principles and Methods of Adaptive Network Algorithm Design under Various Quality-of-Service Requirements." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354642003.
Full text