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1
Merheb, Abdel-Razzak. "Diagnostic and fault-tolerant control applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4367/document.
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Les travaux de recherches sur la commande, le diagnostic et la tolérance aux défauts appliqués aux drones deviennent de plus en plus populaires. Il est judicieux de concevoir des lois de commande qui garantissent la stabilité et les performances du drone, non seulement dans le cas nominal, mais également en présence de fortes perturbations et de défauts.Dans cette thèse, un nouvel algorithme bio-inspiré adapté pour la recherche de solutions dans des problèmes d’optimisation est développé. Cet algorithme est utilisé pour trouver les gains des différents contrôleurs conçus pour les drones. La commande par mode glissant est utilisée pour développer deux contrôleurs passifs tolérants aux défauts pour les quadrirotors: un contrôleur par mode glissant augmentée avec un intégrateur, et un contrôleur par mode glissant implémenté en cascade. Parce que les commandes passives ont une robustesse réduite, une commande active par mode glissant est développée. Pour traiter les défauts extrêmes, un contrôleur d’urgence basé sur la conversion du quadrirotor en trirotor est développé. Les commandes actives, passives, et le contrôleur d’urgences sont ensuite intégrés pour former un contrôleur tolérant aux défauts capable de gérer un grand nombre de défaillances tout en garantissant les ressources actionneur et en limitant la charge de calcul du processeur. Finalement, des contrôleurs tolérants aux défauts, actifs et passifs, basés sur des méthodes par mode glissant du premier et deuxième ordre sont développées pour les octorotors. La commande active utilise des méthodes d’allocation de contrôles pour redistribuer les efforts sur les actionneurs sains, réduisant ainsi l’effet du défautUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are more and more popular for their civil and military applications. Classical control laws usually show weaknesses in the presence of parameter uncertainties, environmental disturbances, and actuator and sensor faults. Therefore, it is judicious to design a control law capable of stabilizing the UAV not only in the fault-free nominal cases, but also in the presence of disturbances and faults. In this thesis, a new bio-inspired search algorithm called Ecological Systems Algorithm (ESA) suitable for engineering optimization problems is developed. The algorithm is used over the thesis to find optimal gains for the fault tolerant controllers. Sliding Mode Control theory is used to develop two Passive Fault Tolerant Controllers for quadrotor UAVs: Regular and Cascaded SMC. Because Passive Controllers handle a few numbers of faults, an Active Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Controller using Kalman Filter is developed. To overcome severe faults and failures, an emergency controller based on the Quadrotor-to-Trirotor conversion maneuver is developed. The Controllers developed so far (Passive, Active, and emergency controllers) are then integrated to form the Integrated Fault Tolerant Controller (IFTC). The IFTC is a powerful controller that is able to handle a wide number of faults, and save actuator resources as well as processor computational effort. Finally, Passive and Active Fault Tolerant Controllers are designed for octorotor UAVs based on First Order and Second Order Sliding Mode Control. The AFTC uses Dynamic and Pseudo-Inverse Control Allocation methods to redistribute the control effort among healthy actuators reducing the effect of fault
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Kadir, Abdul. "Embedded control and diagnostics algorithm with fault prediction and analysis of AC induction machines." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427545.
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Soman, Ruturaj. "Research and development of diagnostic algorithms to support fault accommodating control for emerging shipboard power system architectures." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24389.
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The U.S. Navy has proposed development of next generation warships utilising an increased amount of power electronics devices to improve flexibility and controllability. The high power density finite inertia network is envisioned to employ automated fault detection and diagnosis to aid timely remedial action. Integration of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis to form an intelligent power distribution system is anticipated to assist decision support for crew while enhancing security and mission availability. This broad research being in the conceptual stage has lack of benchmark systems to learn from. Thorough studies are required to successfully enable realising benefits offered by using increased power electronics and automation. Application of fundamental analysis techniques is necessary to meticulously understand dynamics of a novel system and familiarisation with associated risks and their effects. Additionally, it is vital to find ways of mitigating effects of identified risks. This thesis details the developing of a generalised methodology to help focus research into artificial intelligence (AI) based diagnostic techniques. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is used in identifying critical parts of the architecture. Sneak Circuit Analysis (SCA) is modified to provide signals that differentiate faults at a component level of a dc-dc step down converter. These reliability analysis techniques combined with an appropriate AI-algorithm offer a potentially robust approach that can potentially be utilised for diagnosing faults within power electronic equipment anticipated to be used onboard the novel SPS. The proposed systematic methodology could be extended to other types of power electronic converters, as well as distinguishing subsystem level faults. The combination of FMEA, SCA with AI could also be used for providing enhanced decision support. This forms part of future research in this specific arena demonstrating the positives brought about by combining reliability analyses techniques with AI for next generation naval SPS.
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Maamouri, Rebah. "Diagnostic et commande tolérante aux défauts appliqués à un système de conversion électromécanique à base d’une machine asynchrone triphasée." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDM0009/document.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des stratégies de diagnostic dans le cas d'une commande en vitesse sans capteur mécanique (vitesse/position) d’une machine asynchrone triphasée en présence de défaut d'ouverture des transistors IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) de l’onduleur. Une étude de l’impact de ces défauts sur les performances de ces structures sans capteur mécanique en termes de stabilité et de robustesse des observateurs en mode dégradé est présentée. Un observateur par mode glissant (Sliding Mode Observer) à base de modèle est développé et validé expérimentalement en vue de la commande sans capteur mécanique de la machine asynchrone triphasée. Les signaux issus de l’observateur (approche modèle) sont utilisés conjointement avec ceux mesurés (approche signale) pour former une approche hybride de diagnostic de défauts des transistors IGBT de l’onduleur. Un observateur par mode glissant d’ordre 2 à base d’un algorithme Super-Twisting est ensuite développé en vue d’améliorer la stabilité et d’assurer la continuité de fonctionnement du système en présence d'un défaut afin de pouvoir appliquer une stratégie de commande tolérante aux défauts dans les meilleures délais et conditions de fonctionnementThe main goal of this thesis is to propose diagnostic strategies in the case of a sensorless speed control of a three-phase induction motor under an opened-switch or opened-phase fault. A qualitative analysis of the performances, in terms of stability and robustness, of sensorless control applied to the electrical drive in pre-fault and post-fault operation modes is presented. A model-based sliding mode observer is developed and experimentally validated for sensorless speed control of three-phase induction motor. The signals issued from the observer (model approach) as well as the measured ones (signal approach) are simultaneously used to form a hybrid approach for inverter open-switch fault detection and identification. A second-order sliding mode observer based on Super-Twisting algorithm (STA) is also developed to improve the stability and to ensure the continuity of operation of the electrical drive especially during transient states induced by the fault, permitting thus to apply the reconfiguration step without losing the control
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Maquin, Didier. "Observabilité, diagnostic et validation de données des procédés industriels." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10347.
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Présentation d'un logiciel de validation de données des systèmes décrits par des modèles structurellement exacts et représentés par des équations linéaires ou bilinéaires, grâce à l'équilibrage de bilan de ces systèmes dans le cas où ceux-ci sont complètement mesurés, un algorithme d'estimation permet de les résoudre
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Saied, Majd. "Fault-tolerant control of an octorotor unmanned aerial vehicle under actuators failures." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2287.
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La sûreté de fonctionnement est devenue indispensable pour tous les systèmes critiques où des vies humaines sont en jeu (comme l’aéronautique, le ferroviaire, etc.). Ceci a conduit à la conception et au développement des architectures tolérantes aux fautes, l’objectif de ces architectures étant de maintenir un service correct délivré par le système malgré la présence de fautes, et en particulier de garantir la sécurité-innocuité et la fiabilité du système. La tolérance aux fautes sur les drones aériens multirotors a récemment reçu une attention importante de la part de la communauté scientifique. En particulier, plusieurs travaux ont été développés sur la tolérance aux fautes des quadrirotors suite à des fautes partielles sur les actionneurs, et récemment des recherches ont abordé le problème de panne totale de l’un des actionneurs. D’après ces études, il a été montré qu’une défaillance totale d’un actionneur dans un quadrirotor rend le système non complètement contrôlable. Une solution proposée est de considérer des multirotors avec des actionneurs redondants (hexarotors ou octorotors). La redondance inhérente disponible dans ces véhicules est exploitée, en cas de défaillance sur les actionneurs, pour redistribuer les efforts de commande sur les moteurs sains de façon à garantir la stabilité et la contrôlabilité complète du système. Dans ce travail de thèse, des approches pour la conception de systèmes de commande tolérants aux fautes des drones multirotors sont étudiées et appliquées au contrôle des octorotors. Toutefois, les algorithmes sont conçus de manière à être applicables sur les autres types de multirotors avec des modifications mineures. D’abord, une analyse de contrôlabilité de l’octorotor après l’occurrence de défaillances sur les actionneurs est présentée. Ensuite, un module de détection et d’isolation de pannes moteurs basé sur un observateur non-linéaire et les mesures de la centrale inertielle est proposé. Les mesures des vitesses et des courants de moteurs fournis par les contrôleurs de vitesse sont également utilisées dans un autre algorithme de détection pour détecter les défaillances des actionneurs et distinguer les pannes moteurs des pertes des hélices. Un module de rétablissement basé sur la reconfiguration du multiplexage est proposé pour redistribuer les efforts de commande d’une manière optimale sur les actionneurs sains après l’occurrence de défaillances dans le système. Une architecture complète, comprenant la détection et l’isolation des défauts suivie par le rétablissement du système est validée expérimentalement sur un octorotor coaxial puis elle est comparée à d’autres architectures basées sur l’allocation de commande et la tolérance aux fautes passive par mode glissantWith growing demands for safety and reliability, and an increasing awareness about the risks associated with system malfunction, dependability has become an essential concern in modern technological systems, particularly safety-critical systems such as aircrafts or railway systems. This has led to the design and development of fault tolerant control systems (FTC). The main objective of a FTC architecture is to maintain the desirable performance of the system in the event of faults and to prevent local faults from causing failures. The last years witnessed many developments in the area of fault detection and diagnosis and fault tolerant control for Unmanned Aerial rotary-wing Vehicles. In particular, there has been extensive work on stability improvements for quadrotors in case of partial failures, and recently, some works addressed the problem of a quadrotor complete propeller failure. However, these studies demonstrated that a complete loss of a quadrotor motor results in a vehicle that is not fully controllable. An alternative is then to consider multirotors with redundant actuators (octorotors or hexarotors). Inherent redundancy available in these vehicles can be exploited, in the event of an actuator failure, to redistribute the control effort among the remaining working actuators such that stability and complete controllability are retained. In this thesis, fault-tolerant control approaches for rotary-wing UAVs are investigated. The work focuses on developing algorithms for a coaxial octorotor UAV. However, these algorithms are designed to be applicable to any redundant multirotor under minor modifications. A nonlinear model-based fault detection and isolation system for motors failures is constructed based on a nonlinear observer and on the outputs of the inertial measurement unit. Motors speeds and currents given by the electronic speed controllers are also used in another fault detection and isolation module to detect actuators failures and distinguish between motors failures and propellers damage. An offline rule-based reconfigurable control mixing is designed in order to redistribute the control effort on the healthy actuators in case of one or more motors failures. A complete architecture including fault detection and isolation followed by system recovery is tested experimentally on a coaxial octorotor and compared to other architectures based on pseudo-inverse control allocation and a robust controller using second order sliding mode
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McGraw, Philip E. "The oscillogenic control algorithm." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45770.
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An electronic-hardware-based oscillogenic controller
previously developed by P. K. Mercure was used as a model
for translation into a software-based control algoritnm.
The oscillogenic instrument, invented by P. R. Rony and P. K. Mercure, uses a feedback element (the oscillogenic controller) and a sensor component to produces a periodic
signal yielding information about the instrument's
sensor component. A control program that utilized the oscillogenic control algorithm was written in the Turbo Pascal programming language. An IBM PC with 640 kilobytes of read/write memory and with analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converter boards running the control program performed as the controller component of an oscillogenic
instrument. A sample time of 0.5 seconds was used for this study. The instrument's sensor component consisted of a forced air thermal system with air flow rates ranging from 8.4 to 3l kg/hr. The oscillogenic instrument's frequency was, over the limited range tested (0.032 to 0.062 hz), a
linear indication of the thermal system's convective heat transfer coefficient, which varied from 230 to 400 W/m2-°C.
Master of Science
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Millar, Alexander Paul. "Plasma diagnostic signal analysis : a Bayesian based genetic algorithm approach." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326472.
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Kassapakis, E. G. "Studies on a predictive control algorithm." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360726.
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Otava, Lukáš. "Algoritmy monitorování a diagnostiky pohonů se synchronními motory." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-447552.
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Permanent magnet synchronous machine drives are used more often. Although, synchronous machines drive also suffer from possible faults. This thesis is focused on the detection of the three-phase synchronous motor winding faults and the detection of the drive control loop sensors' faults. Firstly, a model of the faulty winding of the motor is presented. Effects of the inter-turn short fault were analyzed. The model was experimentally verified by fault emulation on the test bench with an industrial synchronous motor. Inter-turn short fault detection algorithms are summarized. Three existing conventional winding fault methods based on signal processing of the stator voltage and stator current residuals were verified. Three new winding fault detection methods were developed by the author. These methods use a modified motor model and the extended Kalman filter state estimator. Practical implementation of the algorithms on a microcontroller is described and experimental results show the performance of the presented algorithms in different scenarios on test bench measurements. Highly related motor control loop sensors fault detection algorithms are also described. These algorithms are complementary to winding fault algorithms. The decision mechanism integrates outputs of sensor and winding fault detection algorithms and provides an overall drive fault diagnosis concept.
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Khalfallah, Riadh. "Utilisation de l'émission acoustique pour le diagnostic des points de soudure." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1010.
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Depuis les années 60, l'assemblage par soudage par points n'a cessé de se développer. De nos jours, pour qualifier ce type de soudage, on est amené à recourir à des méthodes destructives telles que le déboutonnage d'un échantillon aléatoire de pièces soudées permettant la qualification d'une soudure en fonction de son diamètre. La mise au point d'une technique de contrôle non destructif en temps réel permettrait d'ouvrir des perspectives inestimables de ce procédé et rendrait les entreprises très compétitives en ce domaine. Les résultats obtenus lors des essais de faisabilité réalisés au Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM) à Senlis, montrent que l'application de la technique d'émission acoustique (EA), associée aux techniques de traitement de signal, peut être une voie prometteuse pour atteindre l'objectif "zéro-défaut". L'objectif de la thèse est de mettre en évidence l'information véhiculée par les phénomènes d'émission acoustique sur la qualité de la soudure, en développant un système de diagnostic : classification et automatisation de la reconnaissance des bonnes soudures et de celles présentant des défauts. Durant la thèse, différents thèmes sont abordés dont les principaux sont : le diagnostic (choix et optimisation des caractères ou paramètres, classification des soudures), le traitement du signal (développement d'un algorithme de segmentation) ; et enfin le procédé de soudage par points.
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Pan, Shuyue [Verfasser]. "A control algorithm for adaptive cruise control systems / Shuyue Pan." Aachen : Shaker, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1070151890/34.
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Shah, Nirali. "Simulation of Model Predictive Control using Dynamic Matrix Control algorithm." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1604872.
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Model Predictive Control has emerged as a very powerful technology in the area of process control for three decades. The objective of this work was to develop Dynamic Matrix Control Algorithm, one of the most widely used Model Predictive Control Algorithms using MATLAB and simulate it for a real world Single Input Single Output system. This thesis focuses on the impacts and importance of the tuning parameters of Dynamic Matrix Control along with an overview of the general Model Predictive Control strategy. The tuning of the Dynamic Matrix Controller was done by trial and error based on the knowledge of the simulated system under consideration and the control strategy. The Control Signal computed was then implemented on the system to study its effect on the system output using a discrete transfer function model. The results of the tuned controller were observed to be similar to the other tuning methods discussed in the literature.
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Leão, Fábio Bertequini [UNESP]. "Metodologia para análise e interpretação de alarmes em tempo real de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100333.
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leao_fb_dr_ilha.pdf: 4326970 bytes, checksum: 5e80d8b3eb8a0bff2c52ea28e2f0a451 (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Neste trabalho é proposta uma metodologia para a análise e interpretação de alarmes em tempo real em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica, considerando o diagnóstico em nível de subestações e redes. A metodologia busca superar as dificuldades e desvantagens dos métodos já propostos na literatura especializada para resolver o diagnóstico de faltas em sistemas de potência. O método proposto emprega um modelo matemático original bem como um novo algoritmo genético para efetuar o diagnóstico dos alarmes de maneira eficiente e rápida. O modelo matemático é dividido em duas partes fundamentais: (1) modelo de operação do sistema de proteção; e (2) modelo de Programação Binária Irrestrita (PBI). A parte (1) é composta por um conjunto de equações de estados esperados das funções de proteção dos relés do sistema, modeladas com base na lógica de operação de funções de proteção tais como sobrecorrente, diferencial e distância, bem como na filosofia de proteção de sistemas de potência. A parte (2) é estabelecida através de uma função objetivo formulada com base na teoria de cobertura parcimoniosa (parcimonious set covering theory), e busca a associação ou “match” entre os relatórios de alarmes informados pelo sistema SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) e os estados esperados das funções de proteção formuladas na parte (1) do modelo. O novo algoritmo genético proposto é empregado para minimizar o modelo de PBI e possui como característica a utilização de dois parâmetros de controle. O algoritmo possui taxas de recombinação e mutação automática e dinamicamente calibradas, baseadas na saturação da população corrente, possuindo uma imediata resposta à possível convergência prematura para ótimos locais. A metodologia desenvolvida para o diagnóstico...
This work proposes a methodology for the analysis and interpretation of real-time alarms in electric power distribution systems in the substation level and network level. The methodology seeks to overcome the difficulties and disadvantages of the methods already proposed in the literature to solve the fault diagnosis in power systems. The proposed method employs a novel mathematical model and a genetic algorithm to carry out the diagnosis of alarms efficiently and quickly. The model is divided into two main parts: (1) a protection system operation model; and (2) Unconstrained Binary Programming (UBP) model. Part (1) provides a set of expected state equations of the protective relay functions established based on the protection operation logic such as overcurrent, differential and distance as well as the protection philosophy. Part (2) is established through an objective function formulated based on parsimonious set covering theory for associating the alarms reported by SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system with the expected states of the protective relay functions. The novel genetic algorithm use only two control parameters and is employed to minimize the UBP model. In addition the algorithm has recombination and mutation rates automatically and dynamically calibrated based on the saturation of the current population and it presents an immediate response to possible premature convergence to local optima. The methodology developed for the diagnosis of substations is extended to distribution networks considering that the network has sufficient level of automation for remote monitoring of the primary feeders. In this way a new paradigm for protection of distribution networks developed based on Smart Grid concept is proposed. Extensive tests are performed with the methodology applied to distribution... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Dumbarton, Carolyn. "Infection control practices within the Diagnostic Imaging Department." Thesis, Bangor University, 2007. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/infection-control-practices-within-the-diagnostic-imaging-department(162b6def-6638-4bd6-9dce-31069248c31c).html.
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This study investigated radiographers' infection control practice within the Diagnostic Imaging Department. The investigation was carried out in three phases. Structured observations were carried out in four hospitals to determine the frequency and identify the situations in which infection control procedures were performed. Bacterial analysis was performed on equipment in one hospital to identify levels of contamination associated with the lack of cleaning witnessed during the observational study. Finally Focus Group discussions were used in two hospitals to establish the opinions and attitudes of radiographers regarding infection control, and to identify factors that prevented as well as those that facilitated these practices. Radiographers' compliance with infection control practice was low. Hand decontamination prior to patient contact was observed on only (n=34) 4% of occasions, and afterwards on (n=145) 17% of occasions. Infection control practice was frequently inappropriate when radiographers were dealing with situations involving immunosuppressed patients, those with open wounds, and in the handling of needles. Equipment was cleaned on only (n=30) 4% of occasions. It was found that 56% of the pieces of equipment were found to have unacceptable levels of bacterial contamination. However, after simple decontamination the measure of bacterial load was significantly reduced. The Focus Group discussions indicated that radiographers had good levels of knowledge regarding infection control, but issues such as lack of time and resources, low perceived risk of infection and the culture of the departments and NHS trusts had a negative effect on compliance rates. For maximum compliance it is thought that a multifaceted intervention should be implemented. The researcher believes the use of Quality Circles would develop a culture that would encourage compliance with infection control protocols. Better compliance with infection control protocols achieved through changes in education, procedures and culture in the Diagnostic Imaging Department are, therefore, vital to protect both patients and staff.
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Weißinger, Stephanie [Verfasser]. "A diagnostic algorithm to distinguish desmoplastic from spindle cell melanoma / Stephanie Weißinger." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107419604X/34.
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Arkad, Jenny, and Tomas Andersson. "A Control Algorithm for an Ultrasonic Motor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69424.
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This report is the result of a master thesis work where the goal was to develop acontrol system for a type of ultrasonic motor. The ultrasonic motors use ultrasonicvibrations from a piezoelectric material to produce a rotating motion. They arepowered by two sinusoidal voltages and their control signals generally are thevoltages amplitude, frequency and the phase difference between the two voltages.In this work the focus is on control using only amplitude and frequency. A feedbacksignal was provided by an encoder, giving an angular position. The behavior of themotors were investigated for various sets of control signals. From collected data alinearized static model was derived for the motor speed. This derived model wasused to create a two part control system, with an inner control loop to managethe speed of the motors using a PI controller and an outer control loop to managethe position of the motors. A simple algorithm was used for the position controland the result was a control system able to position the motors with a 0.1 degreeaccuracy. The motors show potential for greater accuracy with a position feedback,but the result in this work is limited by the encoder used in the experiments.
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Al-Soudani, Maha. "Diagnosis of reinforced concrete structures in civil engineering by GPR technology : development of alternate methods for precise geometric recognition." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30090.
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La méconnaissance de la géométrie réelle d'une structure mène à une évaluation incorrecte de son état. Par conséquent, une estimation imprécise de sa capacité portante, sa durabilité, sa stabilité et la nécessité de mettre en place une réparation ou un renforcement. En outre, l'optimisation du temps requis pour le processus de réparation a besoin de bien connaître les différentes parties de la structure à évaluer et également pour éviter les zones critiques telles que les aciers, les câbles, etc., lors de la réparation. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des techniques d'évaluation non destructive (END) afin de connaître la géométrie réelle de la structure, notamment l'emplacement des armatures dans les structures en béton armé. Le GPR est considéré comme une technique non-destructive idéale pour détecter et localiser les renforts. Cependant, sa précision de localisation est limitée. Le but de ce projet de recherche a donc été d'accroître la précision du GPR en matière de reconnaissance géométrique interne de structures en béton armé. L'objectif principal de cette étude est de localiser précisément le positionnement des armatures dans le plan ausculté ainsi qu'en profondeur. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une nouvelle méthodologie de mesures et du traitement des signaux GPR a été proposée dans cette étude. Plusieurs configurations d'acquisition de données en utilisant des signaux simulés sont testées pour proposer et développer un algorithme d'imagerie du milieu de propagation afin de définir sa géométrie interne et de localiser précisément les barres de renforcement. Des traitements supplémentaires sont appliqués pour améliorer la précision de la détection et pour identifier les différentes interfaces dans le milieu testé. L'algorithme et le traitement sont appliqués aux signaux simulés. Des validations expérimentales ont ensuite été appliquées aux signaux réels acquis sur différentes dalles en béton armé. L'objectif est de tester la capacité de l'algorithme d'imagerie proposé pour localiser différents objets enfouis. Les résultats encourageants montrent que cet algorithme est capable d'estimer la position de différents objets enfouis et pas uniquement les armatures avec une erreur d'estimation de (0-1) mm. Les performances de l'algorithme ont été comparées à celles d'une méthode de migration et aux résultats de mesure obtenus avec un pachomètre. Ces comparaisons ont systématiquement révélé une meilleure précision de la localisation avec l'algorithme développé.Une autre étude a été proposée dans ce travail en testant l'algorithme avec des signaux réels modifiés. Ces signaux sont produits en réduisant le gain le moins possible. La conclusion la plus évidente de cette étude est que l'algorithme proposé est capable de localiser les différents objets même si les signaux réfléchis par eux sont de faible amplitudeLack of acquaintance in the real geometry of a structure leads to incorrect evaluation of its state. Consequently, this will lead to inaccurate estimation of bearing capacity, durability, stability and moreover, the need for repair or strengthening. Furthermore, optimization of the required time for repair process needs to well recognize the parts of structure to be assessed and also to avoid the critical zones such as reinforcing bars, cables, etc., during repairing. Therefore; it becomes necessary to use a non-destructive testing (NDT) method in order to know the real geometry of structure in particular, the location of reinforcements in reinforced concrete structures. GPR is considered as an ideal non-invasive technique in detecting and locating these reinforcements. However, its accuracy in localization is limited. The aim of this research project has therefore been to increase the accuracy of GPR in recognizing the internal geometry of reinforced concrete structures. The main objective of this study is to locate accurately the position of reinforcements into three dimensions. To achieve this purpose, a new methodology for GPR measurement and processing is proposed in this study.Several configurations of data acquisition using simulated signals are tested to propose and develop an appropriate imaging algorithm for the propagation medium to imagine its internal geometry and to locate accurately the reinforcing bars. Further processing are applied to improve the accuracy of detection and to identify the different interfaces in the tested medium. Both algorithm and processing are applied on simulated signals. Subsequent experimental validations have been applied using real signals acquired from different real reinforced concrete slabs. The goal is to test the ability of proposed imaging algorithm for the localization of different targets. The encouraging results indicate that this algorithm is able to estimate the position of different buried targets and not only the reinforcing bars with an estimation error of (0-1)mm.The performance of proposed algorithm has compared to those of migration method and to the results obtained from pachometer. These comparisons have systematically revealed a better localization accuracy using the developed algorithm.Another study has been proposed in this work by testing the algorithm using modified real signals. These signals are produced by reducing the gain as less as possible. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that the proposed algorithm is able to localize the different goals even if the signals reflected by them are of low amplitude
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Hedfors, Sara. "Architecture for Diagnostic Platform." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126685.
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In order to maximize operating time of an industrial machine and minimize stand-by time, service time and operating costs, a diagnostic system can be a useful tool. Diagnostic systems employ information already available in a machine’s control system (such as control signals, system state, sensor readings and so forth) to perform intelligent fault detection and localisation, and predict future faults and service needs.
CC Systems develops advanced electronics and control systems for industrial machines and vehicles operating in rough environments. One of their products is a diagnostic platform called Diagnostic Runtime Engine (DRE), supplying the customer with a tool for building a diagnostic system. The platform offers supervision of the control system. Actions are performed when it detects a possible fault or indication of a potential future fault. An action could be for example the creation of an alarm.
The DRE, as designed today, only works together with a control system running in an environment called CoDeSys. In this master thesis a new architecture of the platform is presented, with the objective to make the platform compatible with an arbitrary control system. A prototype is implemented to prove the concept of the suggested architecture model. A number of different standard diagnostic blocks, used for building the diagnostic system, are also suggested with the objective to make it easier for the user to employ the DRE. A proposition of how development with the diagnostic platform can proceed beyond this thesis is also presented.
För att maximera drifttid hos en industriell maskin och minimera driftskostnader samt standby- och service-tid, kan ett diagnostiksystem användas. Ett sådant system använder sig av information som redan finns tillgänglig i maskinens styrsystem (så som styrsignaler, tillstånd, sensorvärden och så vidare) för att utföra feldetektering och fellokalisering samt analys av möjliga framtida feltillstånd och servicebehov.
CC Systems utvecklar avancerade elektronikkomponenter och styrsystem för industriella maskiner och fordon. En av deras produkter är en diagnostikplattform, Diagnostic Runtime Engine (DRE), som erbjuder ett verktyg för att bygga upp ett diagnostiksystem. Plattformen möjliggör övervakning av styrsystemet, och detektion av ett nuvarande feltillstånd eller möjligt framtida feltillstånd leder till att en handling utförs. En handling kan till exempel vara att ett alarm skapas.
Diagnostikplattformen, som den är gjord idag, fungerar bara tillsammans med ett styrsystem som är implementerat i utvecklingsmiljön CoDeSys. I detta examensarbete presenteras en ny arkitektur på plattformen som möjliggör användande tillsammans med ett godtyckligt styrsystem. En prototyp är implementerad för att visa att den föreslagna arkitekturmodellen fungerar i praktiken. Dessutom är ett antal standard-diagnostikblock, som används då ett diagnostiksystem byggs upp, föreslagna. Standardblocken har till syfte att underlätta användandet av diagnostikplattformen. Ett förslag för hur DRE kan byggas om och utvecklas i framtiden är också presenterat.
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Manzano, Ramos Edgar André. "Optimal control algorithm design for a prototype of active noise control system." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8499.
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High-level noise can represent a serious risk for the health, industrial operations often
represent continuous exposure to noise, thus an important trouble to handle.
An alternative of solution can be the use of passive mechanisms of noise reductions,
nonetheless its application cannot diminish low-frequency noise.
Active Noise Control (ANC) is the solution used for low-frequency noise, ANC systems
work according to the superposition principle generating a secondary anti-noise
signal to reduce both.
Nevertheless, the generation of an anti-noise signal with same oppose characteristics
of the original noise signal presupposes the utilization of special techniques such
as adaptive algorithms. These algorithms involve computational costs.
The present research present the optimization of a specific ANC algorithm in the
step-size criteria. Delayed Filtered-x LMS (FxLMS) algorithm using an optimal
step-size is evaluated in a prototype of ANC system.Tesis
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Garcia, Fermin N. (Fermin Noel). "A nonlinear control algorithm for fuel optimal attitude control using reaction jets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46267.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-161).
We present the analysis and design of a weighted nonlinear time-fuel optimal control algorithm for spacecraft attitude dynamics using on-off gas jets. In the development of a controller, we explore four control algorithms within a single-step control framework where the step is the fundamental update time of the digital controller. The benchmark controller is a basic pulse-width modulator (PWM) with a proportional derivative controller driving the feedback loop. The second is a standard rate-ledge controller (RLC) with full-on or full-off pulse commands, while the third varies the duration of the RLC pulse commands based on the location of the states in the phase plane. The RLC algorithm is shown to well-approximate a continuous-time weighted time-fuel optimal controller. The fourth control algorithm consists of a combination of the variable-pulse RLC algorithm and a tracking-fuel optimal controller that reduces the residual error relative to the latter algorithm. Experimental data from a dynamic air-bearing testbed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are used to compare the four control algorithms. The PWM scheme proves to be robust to disturbances and unmodeled dynamics and quite fast, but yields excessive fuel consumption from frequent switching. The standard RLC algorithm gives poor closed-loop performance in the presence of unmodeled dynamics and ends up being equally as fuel costly as the PWM scheme. The third algorithm, the RLC with variable pulses, significantly improves the transient and steady-state responses of the first two controllers. Via parameter tuning, we observe that this modified RLC gives excellent steady-state fuel consumption as well as reasonably fast settling times. The fourth algorithm, although more fuel efficient than the PWM and standard RLC controllers, is less efficient than the variable RLC algorithm. Matlab simulations of the four control algorithms studied are corroborated by these test results.
by Fermín Noel García.
S.M.
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Brown, Derek William. "Systolic algorithm design for control and signal processing." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337644.
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Li, Shuo. "OPTCON an algorithm for solving unconstrained control problems /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014446.
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Cai, Zhonglun. "Iterative learning control : algorithm development and experimental benchmarking." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/66415/.
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This thesis concerns the general area of experimental benchmarking of Iterative Learning Control (ILC) algorithms using two experimental facilities. ILC is an approach which is suitable for applications where the same task is executed repeatedly over the necessarily finite time duration, known as the trial length. The process is reset prior to the commencement of each execution. The basic idea of ILC is to use information from previously executed trials to update the control input to be applied during the next one. The first experimental facility is a non-minimum phase electro-mechanical system and the other is a gantry robot whose basic task is to pick and place objects on a moving conveyor under synchronization and in a fixed finite time duration that replicates many tasks encountered in the process industries. Novel contributions are made in both the development of new algorithms and, especially, in the analysis of experimental results both of a single algorithm alone and also in the comparison of the relative performance of different algorithms. In the case of non-minimum phase systems, a new algorithm, named Reference Shift ILC (RSILC) is developed that is of a two loop structure. One learning loop addresses the system lag and another tackles the possibility of a large initial plant input commonly encountered when using basic iterative learning control algorithms. After basic algorithm development and simulation studies, experimental results are given to conclude that performance improvement over previously reported algorithms is reasonable. The gantry robot has been previously used to experimentally benchmark a range of simple structure ILC algorithms, such as those based on the ILC versions of the classical proportional plus derivative error actuated controllers, and some state-space based optimal ILC algorithms. Here these results are extended by the first ever detailed experimental study of the performance of stochastic ILC algorithms together with some modifications necessary to their configuration in order to increase performance. The majority of the currently reported ILC algorithms mainly focus on reducing the trial-to-trial error but it is known that this may come at the cost of poor or unacceptable performance along the trial dynamics. Control theory for discrete linear repetitive processes is used to design ILC control laws that enable the control of both trial-to-trial error convergence and along the trial dynamics. These algorithms can be computed using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) and again the results of experimental implementation on the gantry robot are given. These results are the first ever in this key area and represent a benchmark against which alternatives can be compared. In the concluding chapter, a critical overview of the results presented is given together with areas for both short and medium term further research.
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Taaghol, Payam. "Advanced power control algorithm for CDMA based systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844481/.
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Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) has been selected as the main technology for third generation (3G) mobile communication system. Traffic expectations of 3G are high whilst only limited spectrum is available. Any system enhancement that would increase capacity and improve spectral efficiency is highly desired. Power control is the single most important requirement of any CDMA based mobile communication system. Power control directly impacts the quality of service as well as system capacity. It is for this particular reason that adaptive power control schemes have been the subject of many researchers in recent years. In this thesis, a novel Environment Detection Algorithm (EDA), an essential component of adaptive communication systems is presented and extensively evaluated. EDA is an important enabling component of Speed Adapted Closed Loop Power Control (SA-CLPC). An advanced SA-CLPC is presented and its superiority in both terrestrial and satellite communication systems is clearly demonstrated. The work follows to introduce a novel interference management technique in the form of a distributed power control algorithm. The proposed algorithm outperforms all its rivals by maximising C/I in response to system load without the need to any knowledge of users in the neighbouring cells. Key words: CDMA, Power Control, Speed Estimation, Open Loop Power Control, Closed Loop Power Control, Adaptive Power Control, Environment Detection Algorithm, Delay Spread Estimation, Distributed Power Control, centralised Power Control.
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Muforo, Remigius I. "Automatedgeneration of fuzzy control system using genetic algorithm." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1995. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3694.
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Fuzzy logic based controllers have emerged to be an inexpensive and simple solution for complex control problems. The main components of the fuzzy logic control are the rule base, the membership functions, and the inference engine. Membership functions are used to combine the antecedents and consequent (of the rules) to determine the output of the rules. Fuzzy controllers, however, suffer from significant drawbacks such as the formulation of the membership functions and tuning the rule base. In this thesis, a genetic algorithm is used to generate the fuzzy logic controller's rule base and to tune the membership functions. Temperature and pressure control in a boiler plant is used as a test bed application.
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Ghosh, Payel. "Medical Image Segmentation Using a Genetic Algorithm." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/25.
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Advances in medical imaging technology have led to the acquisition of large number of images in different modalities. On some of these images the boundaries of key organs need to be accurately identified for treatment planning and diagnosis. This is typically performed manually by a physician who uses prior knowledge of organ shapes and locations to demarcate the boundaries of organs. Such manual segmentation is subjective, time consuming and prone to inconsistency. Automating this task has been found to be very challenging due to poor tissue contrast and ill-defined organ/tissue boundaries. This dissertation presents a genetic algorithm for combining representations of learned information such as known shapes, regional properties and relative location of objects into a single framework in order to perform automated segmentation. The algorithm has been tested on two different datasets: for segmenting hands on thermographic images and for prostate segmentation on pelvic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this dissertation we report the results of segmentation in two dimensions (2D) for thermographic images; and two as well as three dimensions (3D) for pelvic images. We show that combining multiple features for segmentation improves segmentation accuracy as compared with segmentation using single features such as texture or shape alone.
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Ghetie, Marius Alexandru. "Vers le concept de redondance algorithmique pour le diagnostic : le projet DIALOGS." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10004.
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Cette thèse traite du problème de diagnostic de défauts et de l'aide à la décision dans les processus industriels. Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet européen EUREKA MAINE DIALOGS EU 996 et a contribué à la mise en oeuvre d'un logiciel générateur d'applications de diagnostic. Le mémoire comprend deux parties. Dans la première partie, l'accent est mis sur le rôle et la place de la tâche de diagnostic dans l'interface homme-machine et sur la définition de la structure d'un système d'assistance de l'opérateur humain. Les concepts de base du projet DIALOGS sont ensuite présentés. L'intérêt de l'utilisation complémentaire des différentes méthodes de diagnostic est mis en évidence et le concept de redondance algorithmique est introduit. La deuxième partie concerne le traitement de l'information pour le diagnostic. Les techniques de caractérisation de l'état du processus et de pré-traitement des données sont abordées d'un point de vue statistique et des solutions pour la détection de régime permanent, le seuillage et l'élimination de valeurs aberrantes dans les signaux sont exposées. Ensuite, une méthode originale d'aide à la décision est présentée pour illustrer le concept de redondance algorithmique. Cette méthode utilise la structure classique des techniques de détection et localisation des défauts et exploite principalement des méthodes de bilan matière. Les résultats sont utilisés pour générer un indicateur flou d'alarme. Cette alarme est interprétée du point de vue qualitatif et est dédiée soit à l'opérateur humain soit à des niveaux supérieurs de prise de décisionThis thesis treats about fault diagnosis and decision support systems on industrial plants. The framework for this research was offered by the European project EUREKA MAINE DIALOGS EU996. The results presented here contributed to the software implementation of the diagnostic assistant system generator called DIALOGS. The document is organized in two main parts. The first part emphasizes the role and the place of the diagnostic task in the manmachine interface, and focuses on the structure of a diagnostic assistant system. The basic concepts of the DIALOGS project are presented next. The importance of using complementary diagnostic methods is shown and the new concept of algorithmic redundancy is introduced. In the second part, an overview of some real-time statistical methods is made. There are presented a steady-state detection method, three limit checking tests, and an outliers detection and elimination method. The concept of algorithmic redundancy is developed and an original diagnostic method based on balance equations is given as example. The results are then used to generate a fuzzy alarm indicator. This alarm is interpreted using a qualitative reasoning and can be used either directly by the human operator or indirectly by another decision maker at a higher hierarchical level
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Аврутов, Вадим Вікторович. "Розвиток теорії автономного визначення навігаційних параметрів рухомих та нерухомих об’єктів." Thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/38393.
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Дисертаційну роботу присвячено вирішенню наукової проблеми створення теорії нових способів автономного визначення навігаційних параметрів рухомих та нерухомих об’єктів шляхом створення методів визначення широти і довготи за допомогою інерціально-вимірювального модулю на нерухомій основі, визначення широти та довготи та курсу на рухомій основі, що дозволяє в порівнянні з традиційними алгоритмами БІНС обходитися без інтегрування показників акселерометрів, а визначення довготи потребує лише інтегрування показників гіроскопів.The dissertation is devoted to solving a scientific problem creation of a theory of new methods for autonomous determination of navigation parameters of moving and stationary objects by creating methods for determining latitude and longitude using an inertial measurement unit on a fixed base, determining latitude, longitude and heading on a moving base, which makes it possible, in comparison with traditional SINS algorithms, to do without integration accelerometers output signals, and determination of longitude requires only the integration of gyroscopes output signals. The development of autonomous navigation and orientation systems has recently become of great importance. Such autonomous systems are primarily gimbaled inertial navigation systems (INS) and strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS). The main principle of operation of INS and SINS is double integration of accelerometer output signals, as well as integration of gyroscope output signals into SINS. The presence of errors in accelerometers and gyroscopes leads to a growth in location errors over time. The first way to increase the accuracy of SINS is to improve their sensitive elements. The second way to increase the accuracy of SINS is to adjust their readings on satellite, astronavigation and other systems. However, such integrated navigation systems are no longer autonomous. It is important to create such autonomous inertial navigation systems that would not depend on the impressions of satellite and other navigation systems, would have sufficient accuracy and at the same time would have an affordable price. But alas, there is still no theory of such autonomous navigation systems, which would determine the location by different from standard algorithms for double integration of accelerometer readings. That is, there is a problem of creating new ways of autonomous determination of navigation parameters using sensitive elements of medium accuracy. Moreover, for fixed objects the autonomous determination of the initial coordinates or location is relevant, and for the moving ones - the autonomous determination of the location by different from the standard algorithms of double integration of the accelerometer readings. This necessitates the development of new scientifically sound methods and algorithms for autonomous determination of navigation parameters of moving and stationary objects, which would provide acceptable accuracy in determining the location in the conditions of external interference to radio navigation systems.
Диссертационная работа посвящена решению научной проблемы создания теории нового автономного определения навигационных параметров подвижных и неподвижных объектов путем создания методов определения широты и долготы с помощью инерциально-измерительного модуля на неподвижном основании, определения широты, долготы и курса на подвижном основании, что позволяет в сравнении с традиционными алгоритмами БИНС обходиться без интегрирования показаний акселерометров, а определение долготы требует только интегрирования показаний гироскопов.
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Abu-Hakima, Suhayya Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Systems and Computer. "DR: the diagnostic remodeler algorithm for automated model acquisition through fault knowledge re-use." Ottawa, 1994.
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Reiersen, C. S. "The acquisition and retention of control panel fault diagnostic skill." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372353.
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Kestner, Brian. "Model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for tip-jet reaction drive systems." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31802.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Mavris, Dimitri; Committee Member: German, Brian; Committee Member: Healy, Tim; Committee Member: Rosson, Randy; Committee Member: Tai, Jimmy. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Lu, Bin 1969. "A feedback control algorithm for voltage-source matrix converter /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28001.
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One application of the voltage-source, matrix converter is as an asynchronous link, joining two AC power systems with different frequencies (50Hz/60Hz), or at the same frequency (60Hz/60Hz) but at different phase angles. This thesis work shows that for this kind of link, there exists an automatic closed-loop feedback strategy to control the real and reactive powers quickly and independently.In this thesis, the new matrix converter topology, based on the three-phase voltage-source converters, has been used.
The thesis mixes the dyadic matrix structure the a-b-c to d-q-o transformation and feedback control theory together to get the results.
Digital simulations are presented.
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Yoo, Dae Keun, and not supplied. "Model based wheel slip control via constrained optimal algorithm." RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070125.163142.
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In a near future, it is imminent that passenger vehicles will soon be introduced with a new revolutionary brake by wire system which replaces all the mechanical linkages and the conventional hydraulic brake systems with complete 'dry' electrical components. One of the many potential benefits of a brake by wire system is the increased brake dynamic performances due to a more accurate and continuous operation of the EMB actuators which leads to the increased amount of possibilities for control in antilock brake system. The main focus of this thesis is on the application of a model predictive control (MPC) method to devise an antilock brake control system for a brake by wire vehicle. Unlike the traditional ABS control algorithms which are based on a trial and error method, the MPC based ABS algorithm aims to utilizes the behaviour of the model to optimize the wheel slip dynamics subject to system constraints. The final implementation of the wheel slip controller emb races decentralized control architecture to independently control the brake torque at each four wheel. Performance of the wheel slip controller is validated through Software-in-the-Loop and Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation. In order to support the high demands of the computational power and the real time constraints of the Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation, a novel multi processor real-time simulation system is developed using the reflective memory network and the off-the-shelf hardware components.
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Lu, Bin. "A feedback control algorithm for voltage-source matrix converter." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37268.pdf.
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Zhang, Zhonghua. "Smart TCT, an efficient algorithm for supervisory control design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58804.pdf.
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Molvalioglu, Orcun. "Interacting-particle algorithm and meta-control of temperature parameter /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10687.
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Soufian, M. "A multi-variable model predictive control algorithm with constraints." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495934.
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Stanton, Michael B. "An algorithm for control volume analysis of cryogenic systems." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25661.
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Platt, Edward L. "Effects of control error on an adiabatic quantum algorithm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36123.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60).
Noise in adiabatic quantum computation can be modelled as a perturbation of the problem Hamiltonian. For a type of noise called control error, the perturbation can be considered to have the same structure as the problem Hamiltonian. If the problem Hamiltonian, and therefore the noise, are 2-local, then the result of the adiabatic algorithm can be simulated somewhat more efficiently than an algorithm with an arbitrary problem Hamiltonain. Using optimized numerical methods, I present an analysis of the effect of 1-local and 2-local control error on the success of an adiabatic algorithm that solves the agree problem. Furthermore, I examine how the maximum allowable noise, or success threshold, scales with the number of qubits. These analyses suggest the existence of a minimum success threshold for the particular algorithm considered in the presence of only 2-local noise on an arbitrarily large number of qubits, as well as a polynomial decrease in success threshold with the number of qubits.
by Edward L. Platt.
S.B.
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Laflamme, Simon M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Online learning algorithm for structural control using magnetorheological actuators." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39271.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84).
Magnetorheological actuators are promising devices for mitigating vibrations because they only require a fraction of energy for a similar performance to active control. Conversely, these semi-active devices have limited maximum forces and are hard to model due to the rheological properties of their fluid. When considering structural control, classical theories necessitate full knowledge of the structural dynamic states and properties most of which can only be estimated when considering large-scale control, which may be difficult or inaccurate for complicated geometries due to the non-linear behaviour of structures. Additionally, most of these theories do not take into account the response delay of the actuators which may result in structural instabilities. To address the problem, learning algorithms using offline learning have been proposed in order to have the structure learn its behaviour, but they can be perceived as unrealistic because earthquake data can hardly be produced to train these schemes. Here, an algorithm using online learning feedback is proposed to address this problem where the structure observes, compares and adapts its performance at each time step, analogous to a child learning his or her motor functions.
(cont.) The algorithm uses a machine learning technique, Gaussian kernels, to prescribe forces upon structural states, where states are evaluated strictly based on displacement and acceleration feedback. The algorithm has been simulated and performances assessed by comparing it with two classical control theories: clipped-optimal and passive controls. The proposed scheme is found to be stable and performs well in mitigating vibrations for a low energy input, but does not perform as well compared to clipped-optimal case. This relative performance would be expected to be better for large-scale structures because of the adaptability of the proposed algorithm.
by Simon Laflamme.
M.Eng.
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Lin, Chu-He, and 林居鶴. "An Algorithm Applied in Diagnostic Test." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59128532493722151844.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
資訊工程研究所
91
Nowadays, it’s common to use computer to perform Diagnostic Test. In order to recognize all single and complex misconcepts in n concepts for a student, one would need to test 2^n-1 problems. We develop an algorithm to improve problem selection in Computer Diagnostic Test by using tree data structure with concept mapping. If a teacher wants to know a student’s misconcepts in n given concepts, he can give Diagnostic Test to the student. Using our algorithm on the Diagnostic Test, he will be able to recognize both single misconcept and complex misconcept of the student within n^2 items in average case.
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Rahman, Md Ashiqur. "Electrochemical model based fault diagnosis of lithium ion battery." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7957.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)A gradient free function optimization technique, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, is utilized in parameter identification of the electrochemical model of a Lithium-Ion battery having a LiCoO2 chemistry. Battery electrochemical model parameters are subject to change under severe or abusive operating conditions resulting in, for example, Navy over-discharged battery, 24-hr over-discharged battery, and over-charged battery. It is important for a battery management system to have these parameters changes fully captured in a bank of battery models that can be used to monitor battery conditions in real time. In this work, PSO methodology has been used to identify four electrochemical model parameters that exhibit significant variations under severe operating conditions. The identified battery models were validated by comparing the model output voltage with the experimental output voltage for the stated operating conditions. These identified conditions of the battery were then used to monitor condition of the battery that can aid the battery management system (BMS) in improving overall performance. An adaptive estimation technique, namely multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) method, was implemented for this purpose. In this estimation algorithm, all the identified models were simulated for a battery current input profile extracted from the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) cycle simulation of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). A partial differential algebraic equation (PDAE) observer was utilized to obtain the estimated voltage, which was used to generate the residuals. Analysis of these residuals through MMAE provided the probability of matching the current battery operating condition to that of one of the identified models. Simulation results show that the proposed model based method offered an accurate and effective fault diagnosis of the battery conditions. This type of fault diagnosis, which is based on the models capturing true physics of the battery electrochemistry, can lead to a more accurate and robust battery fault diagnosis and help BMS take appropriate steps to prevent battery operation in any of the stated severe or abusive conditions.
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Lin, Weilu Qin S. Joe. "Closed-loop subspace identification and fault diagnosis with optimal structured residuals." 2005. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1614/linw19897.pdf.
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Lin, Weilu. "Closed-loop subspace identification and fault diagnosis with optimal structured residuals." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1614.
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Amoozgar, M. Hadi. "Development of Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Control Algorithms with Application to Unmanned Systems." Thesis, 2012. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/974548/1/Amoozgar_MASc_F2012.pdf.
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Unmanned vehicles have been increasingly employed in real life. They include unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), unmanned spacecrafts, and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). Unmanned vehicles like any other autonomous systems need controllers to stabilize and control them. On the other hand unmanned systems might subject to different faults. Detecting a fault, finding the location and severity of it, are crucial for unmanned vehicles. Having enough information about a fault, it is needed to redesign controller based on post fault characteristics of the system. The obtained controlled system in this case can tolerate the fault and may have a better performance. The main focus of this thesis is to develop Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) algorithms, and Fault Tolerant Controllers (FTC) to increase performance, safety and reliability of various missions using unmanned systems.
In the field of unmanned ground vehicles, a new kinematical control method has been proposed for the trajectory tracking of nonholonomic Wheeled Mobile Robots (MWRs). It has been experimentally tested on an UGV, called Qbot. A stable leader-follower formation controller for time-varying formation configuration of multiple nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots has also been presented and is examined through computer simulation.
In the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, Two-Stage Kalman Filter (TSKF), Adaptive Two-Stage Kalman Filter (ATSKF), and Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) filter were proposed for FDD of the quadrotor helicopter testbed in the presence of actuator faults. As for space missions, an FDD algorithm for the attitude control system of the Japan Canada Joint Collaboration Satellite - Formation Flying (JC2Sat-FF) mission has been developed. The FDD scheme was achieved using an IMM-based FDD algorithm. The efficiency of the FDD algorithm has been shown through simulation results in a nonlinear simulator of the JC2Sat-FF.
A fault tolerant fuzzy gain-scheduled PID controller has also been designed for a quadrotor unmanned helicopter in the presence of actuator faults. The developed FDD algorithms and fuzzy controller were evaluated through experimental application to a quadrotor helicopter testbed called Qball-X4.
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Tsai, Hsu-Lung, and 蔡旭龍. "The Diagnostic System by incorporating a Genetic Algorithm and ANN." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43ds8w.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
93
A diagnostic System based on the ANN (artificial neural network) and vibration signal inputs is developed for a piping system in this study. We utilize three methods to extract the features of the piping system. They are (1) the statistic moments of higher orders, (2) the harmonic peaks of the frequency spectrum, and (3) the structure damping signals of the vibration signal. The diagnostic system is a standalone system without any other auxiliary software. The major functions of the diagnostic system include generating vibration symptom signals, pre-processing the signals, diagnosing the piping system. In this study, the experiment focuses on the looseness of the flanged joints in which they always exist due to the unbalanced vibration from motors or pumps. Taking the advantages of this operation signals, the current study take them as the ANN inputs so that the ANN can be verified. On the whole, this study used the back propagation network (BPN) for the main structure of ANN. However, it has been found that the BPN alone tends to raise the problem of slow convergence during the ANN training process. And, it even worse that the BPN may not be able to converge if a poor learning rate is set. For this reason, a genetic algorithm (GA) is purposely added to alleviate the short comings of the BPN. The present study has substantiated that the added GA works much better than that of the BPN alone. This study belongs to the problem of system classification. In order to let the synthesizied GA works properly, the study uses the following steps : First, we used the GA to evolve the ANN’s weight matrices as to search the best initial values. Next, we put the weight matrices back to BPN training. Keep on running until the error level runs below the ending condition. The GA+BPN mode has been proved that it can incorporate the advantages of two traditions methods. The real-time experiments diagnosis results can further verify that the method is feasible and increasing the system’s diagnostic ability. Thus, the current system may be applied to the industries.
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Yang, Shih-Hao, and 楊世豪. "Power Control Algorithm for Multicarrier System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19989285358953798317.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
通訊工程研究所
93
In the next generation communication, in order to enable high data rate communications and alleviate the multipath induced intersymbol interference (ISI), the multicarrier modulation is used in wireless cellular networks. On the other hand, power control is an important technique in enhancing the spectral and power efficiency. Therefore, we study the combination of power control and multicarrier communications in this thesis. We first study the power control algorithm to meet the link quality for all the subchannels. From simulation results, we found that this approach deteriorates the power control stability in the multicell network due to the lack of frequency diversity. Then we study the power allocation and control algorithm that applies soft-decoding BER bound to gain frequency diversity advantage. It is shown through simulation results that the studied algorithm provides lower outage probability. At last, we imply the distributed constrained power control (DCPC) on these studied algorithm to keep the transmitter power smaller than the power constraint.
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Masoom, Hassan. "Automated Target Detection in Diagnostic Ultrasound based on the CLEAN Algorithm." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/31333.
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In this thesis, we present an algorithm for the automated detection of abnormalities (targets) in ultrasound images. The algorithm uses little a priori information and does not require training data. The proposed scheme is a combination of the CLEAN algorithm, originally proposed for radio astronomy, and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processing, developed for use in radar systems. Neither of these algorithms appears to have been previously used for target detection in ultrasound images. The CLEAN algorithm identifies areas in the ultrasound image that stand out above a threshold in relation to the background; CFAR techniques allow for an automated and adaptive selection of the threshold. The algorithm was tested on simulated B-mode images. Using a contrast-detail analysis, probability of detection curves indicate that, depending on the contrast, the method has considerable promise for the automated detection of abnormalities with diameters greater than a few millimetres.
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Sheu, Chang-Dean, and 許昌典. "Position Control of a Hydraulic Cylinder Using PWM Control Algorithm." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24841289350493530628.
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碩士逢甲大學
機械工程學系
89
The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using low cost solenoid valves instead of expensive proportional valve or servo valve, and using pulse width modulated technique to accurate control the cylinder position in a hydraulic system. This paper describes how to derive the mathematical models of the hydraulic system, of the PWM modulator, and of the PID controller. The effects on the system response by the delay time of the solenoid valve, the frequency of the saw-tooth wave, and the PID controller parameters are studied. It is observed that the delay time of the solenoid valve defines the maximum operation frequency of the valve. If the operation frequency is too high, the on-off operation of the valve is uncompleted and the performance is not satisfactory. From the analysis result, it can be concluded that the delay time of the solenoid valve is the main feature to effect the system control characteristic.