Dissertations / Theses on the topic '- Contributions in realism'
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Allen, Stephen Paul. "Berkeley's realism : an essay in ontology /." Thesis, Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008264.
Full textAbela, Paul R. "Empirical realism : Kant's contribution to the realist/anti-realist debate." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357307.
Full textMahama, Anatu K. "Analysing law and policy, and the contributions of government-sponsored institutions to publishing development." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32412.
Full textFERREIRA, DANIEL BRANTES. "AMERICAN LEGAL REALISM: A CONTRIBUTION TO LEGAL EDUCATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18690@1.
Full textPROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A tese tem como hipótese a importância do realismo jurídico norteamericano para o desenvolvimento do ensino jurídico e das escolas de direito norte-americanas. Para isto três autores serão abordados: Wesley N. Hohfeld, Walter W. Cook e Karl N. Llewellyn. O primeiro capítulo trará uma introdução sobre as questões metodológicas do trabalho. O segundo capítulo fará uma digressão histórica no direito norte-americano para podermos compreender o contexto de surgimento do realismo jurídico. O terceiro capítulo abordará Wesley N. Hohfeld, sua importância para o surgimento do movimento realista e também sua contribuição para a evolução do ensino jurídico norte-americano. O quarto capítulo tratará de Walter W. Cook, sua teoria e sua experiência fracassada no Instituto para o Estudo de Direito de Johns Hopkins. O quinto capítulo tratará especificamente do surgimento do realismo jurídico através dos escritos de Karl N. Llewellyn e também de sua teoria das funções do direito. A crítica de Llewellyn ao ensino jurídico da época será ponto central do capítulo. O sexto capítulo demonstrará o porquê de o movimento realista ter sucumbido tão rápido, bem como abordará o seu legado. Finalmente a conclusão demonstrará as limitações do trabalho e suas principais contribuições.
The thesis has as its main hypothesis the importance of American legal realism to the development of American Law Schools and legal education. In order to accomplish that, three authors will be faced: Wesley N. Hohfeld, Walter W. Cook e Karl N. Llewellyn. The first chapter will bring an introduction about the methodological issues of the present work. The second chapter will make a historical digression on the American law so that the reader can understand in which context American legal realism appeared. The third chapter will be about Wesley N. Hohfeld and his importance to the appearance of American legal realism and also his contribution to legal education. The fourth chapter will treat Walter W. Cook’s theory and his failure in the John’s Hopkins Institute. The fifth chapter will treat specifically about the appearance of the legal realism movement through Karl N. Llewellyn articles and his law-jobs theory. Also, his criticism about legal education at the time will be the core of this chapter. The sixth chapter will demonstrate why American legal realism was not successful in its attempt and why it didn’t last long. It also will demonstrate the important legacy left by the movement. Finally, the conclusion will demonstrate the thesis’s limitations and its main contributions.
Kleiven, Maren Eline. "From mission idealism to operational realism : a study of Norwegian contribution to international police reform missions." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/from-mission-idealism-to-operational-realism(b96b5cfa-ab6e-46e8-af32-b135667fec4c).html.
Full textBoulter, Stephen Jordan. "Aquinas and the realist dispute in science an Aristotelio-Thomistic contribution to current discussions in language, logic and science." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/722/.
Full textEbner, Hannes. "Supporting loose forms of collaboration : Using Linked Data to realize an architecture for collective knowledge construction." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144311.
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Courty, Nicolas. "Contributions aux schémas d'Analyse/Synthèse en Animation par ordinateur." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861836.
Full textDalgarno, Barney John. "Characteristics of 3D environments and potential contributions to spatial learning." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050114.092913/index.html.
Full textCortes, Guillaume. "Contribution to the study of projection-based systems for industrial applications in mixed reality." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S044/document.
Full textMixed reality brings some advantages to industrial applications. It can, among others, facilitate visualizing and validating projects or assist operators during specific tasks. Projection-based Systems (PBS), such as CAVEs or spatial augmented reality provide a mixed reality environment enabling straightforward collaboration with external users. In this thesis, we aim at improving the usage of PBS for industrial applications by considering two main challenges: (1) improving the technical components of PBS and (2) improving the user experience when using PBS. As a first technical challenge, we propose to address the improvement of the tracking component. We introduce an approach that enables increasing the workspace of optical tracking systems by using two methods. As a first method, we propose to use monocular tracking. As a second method, we propose to use controlled cameras that follow the targets across the workspace. The resulting system provides acceptable performances for mixed reality applications while considerably increasing the workspace. Such a tracking system can make it easier to use large projection-based displays and can widen the range of available interactions. As a second technical challenge, we design an “all-in-one” headset for mobile spatial augmented reality on tangible objects. The headset gathers both a projection and a tracking system that are embedded on the user’s head. With such a system, the users are able to move around tangible objects and to manipulate them directly by hand while projecting virtual content over them. We illustrate our system with two industrial use cases: virtual prototyping and medical visualization. Finally, we address the challenge that aims at improving the user experience when using PBS. We introduce a method that provides virtual embodiment and increases the spatial perception of the users when using PBS. To do so we add the user’s virtual shadow in immersive projection-based systems. The virtual shadow is dynamically mapped to users’ movements in order to make them perceive the shadow as if it was their own. We then carry out an experiment to study the influence of the presence of the virtual shadow on the user experience and behavior
BASMAN, CATHERINE. "Contribution a l'etude de l'immunite dans la depression : etude realisee chez 17 patients depressifs." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31187.
Full textOUDJEDI, ZOHRA. "Contribution a l'etude structurale de materiaux composites spinelle-zircone realises par enrobage sol-gel." Orléans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ORLE2072.
Full textHayane, Karina. "Contribution à l'analyse et la modélisation du comportement de l'opérateur humain lors d'une tâche de télépistage visuo-manuel dans un environnement virtuel tridimensionnel." Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/4e0d3efb-c867-4a00-a79b-50ed7dadbd4d.
Full textMercier, Jonathan. "Contribution to the study of the use of brain-computer interfaces in virtual and augmented reality." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0018/document.
Full textThe objective of this PhD thesis is to study the use of Brain- Computer Interfaces (BCIs) within Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR). Our goal is to evaluate the compatibility between systems based on a BCI and VR/AR, to design new tools for the visualization of the brain activity based on VR/AR, and finally to propose new uses for the BCIs, and especially in combination with smart clothes. In order to fulfil these objectives, we have first designed and performed a feasibility study concerning the combination of a BCI and VR. Our objective was to study the influence of motor activity on a BCI. We have designed a system similar to a video game, serving as a base for a user study showing that this BCI can be successfully used, even when participants are performing a demanding muscular activity. We have also proposed three visualization tools for the brain activity based on VR/AR. Our first system called the «Mind- Mirror» which enables the visualization of our own brain activity «inside our own head» by superimposition. A user study has shown that no significant drop in BCI performance occurred, even with the additional complexity due to our AR-based display. Our second contribution is called «Mind- Window» and extends the Mind-Mirror’s possibilities by enabling one or multiple users to visualize the brain activity of another person as if her skull was transparent. Our last contribution is called «Mind-Inside» and allows users to visualize their brain activity in real-time while being immersed in a virtual brain. Finally, we have studied how BCIs and the VR/AR can be applied to smart clothes. We have designed an experimental platform comprising a dressing room integrating a BCI. Following this work, we proposed an «invisibility cloak» inspired by the Harry Potter universe. This virtual cloak allows users to camouflage themselves in AR using their mental state. Results from a preliminary study based on a simple videogame inspired by the Harry Potter universe could notably show that, compared to a standard control made with a keyboard, controlling the optical camouflage directly with the BCI could enhance the user experience and the feeling of «having a super-power»
Duvauchelle, Yannick. "Formes des matières conceptuelles : contribution à la sociologie de la connaissance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3061.
Full textThe research’s field is the sociology of knowledge. In this way, the idea is to study simultaneously social data and knowledge facts, and to connect them. More precisely, we would like to think knowledge in terms of practices. : when one observe any event and try to understand it, to identify what he’s looking at, and mobilize words to express his comprehension, his vision, isn’t he doing something, at least on a conceptual level? For this purpose, the research is based on scholar and journalist’s interviews : what type of representation implies each kind of writings? Michel Foucault’s theories happens to be our most important reference for this work
Achibet, Merwan. "Contributions to the design of novel hand-based interaction techniques for virtual environments." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0031/document.
Full textDirectly using our hands to explore virtual environments and interact with their contents produces a natural and compelling interaction. In this thesis, we propose contributions to improve hand-based interaction in the context of Virtual Reality by considering two main challenges: (1) improving the control of articulated hand models, and (2) providing haptic sensations with accessible techniques. We first address the challenge of interacting through realistic, articulated virtual hands and propose two methods for easing their control. As a first step, we reduce the degrees of freedom of complex hand models in order to make multi-finger interaction possible with common multi-touch interfaces. The resulting system allows users to control a virtual hand by performing gestures over a tactile tablet. Then, we take another approach and separate the degrees of freedom of one virtual hand between two haptic interfaces handled in parallel. Through this distribution of controls and feedback, users are exposed to a variety of haptic effects, otherwise restricted to complex haptic workstations. We then address the challenge of providing haptic sensations during hand-based interaction. To do so, we introduce different techniques that combine passive haptic feedback and pseudo-haptics as an alternative to complex and cumbersome active interfaces. We consider various types of interaction at different scales, starting with coarse interaction with the arm through an elastic armature that provides an egocentric and mobile haptic feedback. We then focus on object grasping and manipulation and propose an interaction paradigm that relies on elastic input devices for reproducing grasping gestures and perceiving modulable haptic properties through crossmodal feedback. Finally, we consider fine multi-finger manipulation and we propose a passive exoskeleton that constrains the digits individually, associated to a multi-finger pseudo-haptic feedback for simulating complex interaction with heterogeneous materials
NARBONI, PASCALE. "Contribution a l'etude de l'evolution de l'activite d'un moyen sejour geriatrique : etude realisee sur 9 annees." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11015.
Full textAlbitar, Abdel Rahman. "Contribution au dimensionnement des poutres de planchers mixtes realises avec un bac en tole mince nervuree." Rennes, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAR0009.
Full textFribourg, Rebecca. "Contribution to the study of factors influencing the sense of embodiment towards avatars in virtual reality." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S052.
Full textThe term "avatar" refers to the representation of users in a virtual world, in the case where they are immersed in Virtual Reality with a Head-Mounted Display and therefore cannot see their own body. Avatars have now become a major requirement in immersive virtual reality applications, increasing the need to better understand and identify the factors that influence users’ sense of embodiment towards their avatar. In this thesis, we defined three axes of research to explore the influence of several factors on the sense of embodiment, based on a categorization that did not only consider factors related to the avatar, but also factors related to the virtual environment and the user. In the first part, we have studied the influence of shared virtual environments on the sense of embodiment, in a study where users performed a task together in the same virtual environment, and in another experiment in which users even shared the control of the same avatar. In a second part, we explored interrelations within avatar-related factors influencing the sense of embodiment, using a new methodological approach with a subjective matching technique. Finally, in a third part, we investigated the influence of users’ individual differences on the sense of embodiment
Clemente, Bellido Miriam. "Contributions to Neuropsychotherapy of the Combined Use of Neuroimaging and Virtual Exposure for Assessment in Psychological Treatments." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/37234.
Full textClemente Bellido, M. (2014). Contributions to Neuropsychotherapy of the Combined Use of Neuroimaging and Virtual Exposure for Assessment in Psychological Treatments [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/37234
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Dixon, Sally. "Managing the Master Planning Process: How do airport managers incorporate stakeholder contribution in their final master plans?" Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9330.
Full textGRIMAUD, MICHEL. "Contribution a l'etude des comportements suicidaires chez les personnes agees : a propos d'une enquete realisee en milieu institutionnel." Angers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ANGE1093.
Full textLe, gouis Benoît. "Contribution to the study of haptic perception and renderinf of deformable virtual objects." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0019/document.
Full textHaptics is a key part for the interaction with physically-based environments, with many applications in virtual training, prototyping and teleoperations assistance. In particular, deformable objects are challenging, due to the complexity oftheir behavior. Due to the specific need in performance associated to haptic interaction, a trade-off is usually necessarybetween accuracy and efficiency, and taking the best of this trade-off is a major challenge. The objectives of this PhD are to improve haptic rendering with physically-based deformable objects that exhibit complex behavior, and study how perception can be used to achieve this goal.In this PhD, we first propose a model for the physically-based simulation of complex heterogeneous deformable objects. More specifically, we address the issue of geometric multiresolution for deformable heterogeneous objects, with a major focus on the heterogeneity representation at the coarse resolution of the simulated objects. The contribution consists in a method for elasticity attribution at coarser resolution of the object, and an evaluation of the geometric coarsening on the haptic perception.We then focus on another class of complex objects behavior, topology changes, by proposing a simulation pipeline forbimanual haptic tearing of thin deformable surfaces. This contribution mainly focuses on two main aspects for an efficientsimulation of tearing, namely collision detection for thin objects and efficient physically-based simulation of tearing phenomena. The simulation is especially optimized for tear propagation.The last aspect that is covered by this PhD is the influence of the environment over haptic perception of stiffness, and more specifically of Augmented Reality (AR) environments. How are objects perceived in AR compared to Virtual Reality (VR)? Do we interact the same way on these two environments? In order to assess these questions, we conducted an experiment aiming at comparing the haptic stiffness perception of a piston surrounded by everyday life objects in AR and of the same piston surrounded by a virtual replica of the real environment in VR.These contributions open new perspectives for haptic interaction with virtual environments, from the efficient yet faithful simulation of complex deformable objects behavior to a better understanding of haptic perception and interaction strategies
Ganne, Yannick. "L'ouverture du droit aux sciences sociales : contribution à l'étude du droit savant américain contemporain." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAA006.
Full textIn the United States, the vitality of the interdisciplinary legal movements (Empirical Legal Studies, Law & Economics, Law & Society, New Legal Realism) shows that boundaries between legalscholarship and other fields of knowledge are more flexible than in France. This study questions the use of social sciences (economics, political science, sociology, etc.) methods and techniques by American legal scholars. More precisely, it is about the institutionalization of this research practice, which occurred through the legitimization, the anchoring, and the diffusion of social sciences in the field of legal scholarship. By way of studying this phenomenon, this dissertation is about the structure of the field of legal knowledge itself. The use of social sciences in law, at first defiant, established itself gradually, supported by the institutional and intellectual features of the field
Fouquet, François. "Contributions à l’acquisition, à la modélisation et à l’augmentation d’environnements complexes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10288.
Full textToday, augmented images are parts of our daily life. From movie industry to video games through architecture and object design, many applications need to display synthetic objects into a real context. However, coherently integrating objects in their environment may be a difficult task. When the environment is vast or includes complex geometry or lighting, its modelling is tedious and using its model to render augmented images is resource-consuming. Moreover, applications like augmented reality need efficient real-time rendering. They also have to automatically adapt to unmodelled environments, while progressively acquiring data from incoming images. In this thesis, we based our work on computer vision, image-based modelling and rendering methods to propose a global approach to the problem of progressively discovered and complex environment coherent augmentation. We first develop new acquisition methods to get high dynamic range RGB+Z registered images of the environment. Then we explain how to use these informations to incrementally build models of scene geometry and lighting. Finally, we provide new rendering approaches using these models and suitable for an efficient and photometrically coherent image augmentation
Cruz, Fierro Oscar Eduardo de la. "Contributions to the Study of Intermittent Contact Haptic Interfaces." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS071.
Full textForce feedback interfaces are robotic systems allowing natural motion interactions with virtual or remote environments. They are employed in several domains such as remote handling (e.g. nuclear, subsea, space), manufacturing, entertainment, education, medicine and rehabilitation, just to mention the most popular. In virtual reality (VR) applications, the user typically holds a handle that is mechanically linked to the end-effector of the robot. This link has a non-negligible influence since the presence of the robot can be felt (friction, inertia and vibrations of the mechanical structure) even in free space, decreasing the realism of the interaction. Intermittent-contact haptic interfaces (IC-HIs) represent a promising approach to cope with this issue. These interfaces track and closely follow (without contact) the user movements in free space and come to his/her contact only when force feedback is required. This way IC interfaces aim to improve the realism of the interactions. The thesis presented concerns the study and improvement of such IC-His
Bezzina, Amanda. "Personal and Social Development practice at the University of Malta : its presence and positive contribution : a reality or a mirage?" Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32781/.
Full textHong, Seok-Kyeong. "Le régime d'actualité et la construction de la réalité dans la vie quotidienne : contribution à l'analyse pragmatique de la télévision." Université Stendhal (Grenoble ; 1970-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE39019.
Full textInterdependent decisions between social actors. The mdia of flow, specially the television, are implicated in the reality construction process in evergyday life, not only as news suppliers but also like organising agents of everyday life. They intervene, in a special way, in (social and everyday life) time et (dometic) space construction. Newsis an important factor in the infitration of televisual time in domestic life. Because of increase in diffusion time and creation channels, the domestic polychrony is more and more invaded by televisual and informational monochrony. Broadcasting structure carries out the exercise of centralising power, constructing the national space an organsising the domestic space as local of self-surveillance through the social independaence mechanism. News system is defined as actuality regime (actulisation of the facts in present), exercises particular illocutionary forces and operates like an auto-referential system. It also plays his part in social auto-referential process through the mediation of the social statistics (opinon poils, audience measure, stock exchange information, highway information). The actuality regime has developed through three stages (press-distribution; broadcasting connexion) as a social et historical formation of media reality construction in everyday life. Each formation is the consequence of diifferent logic of social managment of time and space. They don't succed one alfter another, but articulate one with the another
SOZONOFF, IGOR. "Contribution a l'etude de l'hypertension arterielle du sujet age : travail realise chez 110 hypertendus de 70 ans et plus, hospitalises dans un service de medecine de court sejour." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE6525.
Full textEa, Kim Ung Buntha. "Contribution a l'etude des siliciures de chrome et de palladium realises par recuits electroniques pulses : applications aux contacts ohmiques chrome-silicium et palladium-silicium." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0005.
Full textGomes, George Allan Menezes. "CRAbCVE- Uma arquitetura para viabilização de CVEs através da Internet." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18067.
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Although the complexities of many tasks encountered in modern societies require the join effort of groups of people in order to be accomplished, cooperative work is still a difficult job. Usually the difficulties arise due to lack of appropriate coordination, poor definition of the context in which the activities are to be performed individually or in group; thus, generating redundancies, inconsistencies and contradictions within the workgroup. In order to overcome these problems, a new field of research, called Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), was created to seek means of properly supporting work groups. Despite the favorable results achieved by CSCW, thus far, tools that provide a high level of interaction among the group members and the leaders of sub-groups are still not satisfactory. The use of virtual reality within cooperative systems allows the interactions among participants to be highly spontaneous, because, in virtual environments, communication by means of image, text and audio is possible. The Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs), which employ shared virtual reality technology, have proved to possess great potential for collaborative work. Therefore, collaborative virtual environments have been developed taking into consideration the results obtained by CSCW research. Nonetheless, developing CVEs is complicated, since they demand a great deal of resources, and need to incorporate concepts and recommendations from several research fields, such as Virtual Reality (VR), Computer Supported Cooperative Work and l Distributed Computing. The main objective of this dissertation is to design a generic architecture (CRAbCVE) for allowing distribution of several collaborative virtual environments within a network of servers on the Internet. This architecture defines specialized components, capable of distributing the processing that takes place in the CVE, thus obtaining a great computational power at low costs. Another important objective is the specification of a Model of Authorship in CVEs (MAC) for helping to integrate the CRAbCVE architecture into the framework of collaborative work. All models proposed herein have been incorporated into a prototype system and a simple case study has been analyzed.
A complexidade das tarefas do mundo atual requer cada vez mais a cooperação das pessoas para sua execução. Entretanto cooperar não é uma tarefa fácil, e, muitas vezes, por falta de coordenação adequada ou por uma definição pobre do contexto em que as atividades dos participantes individualmente ou do grupo serão realizadas, são geradas redundâncias, inconsistências e contradições dentro do trabalho em grupo. Para evitar esses problemas, a área de CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) vem buscando meios de suportar adequadamente o trabalho em equipe. Apesar dos bons resultados alcançados pela área de CSCW, o principal obstáculo enfrentado pelos seus desenvolvedores é fornecer interatividade a suas aplicações. O uso de realidade virtual em sistemas cooperativos permite aos participantes interagirem com o mais alto grau de naturalidade, pois através do ambiente virtual é possível a comunicação por meio de imagem, texto e áudio. Os CVEs (Collaborative Virtual Environments) fazem uso da tecnologia de realidade virtual distribuída e apresentam grande potencial para o suporte ao trabalho colaborativo. Por conseguinte, esses ambientes virtuais colaborativos têm sido desenvolvidos, levando em consideração os resultados obtidos na área de CSCW. Entretanto, desenvolver CVEs é uma tarefa complicada, pois eles são grandes consumidores de recursos, e precisam incorporar conceitos e recomendações de várias áreas de pesquisa, como a de Realidade Virtual (RV), a de Trabalho Colaborativo Assistido por Computador (CSCW) e a de Sistemas Computacionais Distribuídos. O principal objetivo dessa dissertação é a definição de uma arquitetura de uso genérico, a CRAbCVE, projetada para viabilizar vários Ambientes virtuais colaborativos (CVEs) distribuídos em uma rede de servidores na Internet. Essa arquitetura define componentes especializados, capazes de distribuir, através da Internet, o processamento de todo o CVE; obtendo-se, assim, um grande poder computacional a um baixo custo. Outro importante objetivo é a definição do modelo MAC (Modelo de Autoria em CVEs), que visa auxiliar o emprego da arquitetura CRAbCVE no trabalho colaborativo. Os modelos propostos foram incorporados em um sistema protótipo e um estudo de caso simples foi analisado
Guda, Vamsi Krishna. "Contributions à l'utilisation de cobots comme interfaces haptiques à contact intermittent en réalité virtuelle." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0033.
Full textVirtual reality (VR) is evolving and being used in industrial simulations but the possibility to touch objects is missing, for example to judge the perceived quality in the design of a car. The current haptic interfaces do not allow to easily restore the notion of texture, therefore an approach is considered “intermittent contact interface” to achieve this. A cobot positions a mobile surface at the point of contact with a virtual object to allow physical contact with the operator's hand. The contributions of this thesis concern several aspects: the placement of the robot, the modeling of the operator, the management of the displacement and the speed of the robot and the detection of the operator's intentions. The placement of the robot is chosen to allow reaching the different working areas and to ensure passive safety by making it impossible for the robot to hit the head and chest of the operator in a normal working position, i.e. sitting in a chair. A model of the user, including a torso and arms, is designed and tested to follow the user's movements in real time Interaction is possible on a set of predefined poses that the user chains together as desired. Different strategies are proposed to predict the user's intentions. The key aspects of the prediction are based on the gaze direction and the hand position of the user. An experimental study as well as the resulting analysis show the contribution of taking into account the gaze direction. The interest of introducing "safety" points to move the robot away from the operator and allow fast robot movements is highlighted
Crawford, Janet. "Inclusion and pupils on the autism spectrum in secondary schools : exploring process, and the contribution of an educational psychologist in moving from rhetoric to reality." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2310.
Full textMontpied, Sylvie. "Contribution a l'etude de la passivation de composants sur arseniure de gallium : caracterisation de films dielectriques realises par depot en phase vapeur assiste par plasma." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF21020.
Full textBLOCH, KARINE. "Contribution a l'etude des clusters de malformations : analyse d'un pic d'incidence d'anotie/microtie observe dans la region rhone-alpes en 1987 : travail realise dans le cadre de l'institut des genomutations." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M418.
Full textBellakhdar, Jamal Fleurentin Jacques Younos Chafique. "CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DE LA PHARMACOPEE TRADITIONNELLE AU MAROC : LA SITUATION ACTUELLE, LES PRODUITS, LES SOURCES DU SAVOIR (ENQUETE ETHNOPHARMACOLOGIQUE DE TERRAIN REALISEE DE 1969 A 1992) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1997/Bellakhdar.Jamal.SMZ9708_1.pdf.
Full textDoat, Tony. "Espaces virtuels pour l’éducation et l’illustration scientifiques : contribution à l’appréhension de la Théorie de la Relativité Restreinte par la réalité virtuelle." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112177/document.
Full textThe Theory of Special Relativity (TSR) is a particularly counterintuitive theory. Its implications are, by nature, out of reach by human experience. Therefore we cannot perceive its effects directly, thus raising problems of comprehension for the students confronted to it. However, Virtual Reality (VR) enables us to overcome this limitation by immersing a user into a world where the velocity of light is reduced to 1 m/s. As a result, the relativistic phenomena become directly perceivable through our senses. This possibility, which is the cornerstone of our work, brings a unique way to apprehend the relativistic phenomenon trough a "hands-on" experiment.In this context, we propose, first, innovative methods to include relativistic effects in simulation containing any number of objects moving in an arbitrary direction and velocity and taking into account the relativistic dynamics of the objects, including object-to-object interaction. We focused on the relativistic phenomenon involved in the deformation of objects: the delay of propagation of the photons from the light source to the observer, as well as the relativity of length and the aberration of light. We describe, second, methods to integrate the simulation techniques, previously introduced, into an immersive environment intrinsically based on Newtonian physics. We also provide interaction methods and a concrete application in a serious game framework: a relativistic carom billiard. Finally, we demonstrate the possibilities of our platform are demonstrated in two ways: one tackles usage in the context of learning evaluation and the other is an extension of the tool to access new pieces of information relevant to TSR, such as the force profile used to launch an object with a relativistic velocity
Alagbe, Mérick Freedy. "La coopération sino-africaine à travers le FOCAC. Contribution à une analyse empirique et théorique de la présence chinoise en Afrique noire." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30014.
Full textWhereas the China-Africa cooperation under the tough era of decolonization in 1960’s was strongly fostered by shared revolutionary ideology and Bandung spirit, that is not the case in the new phase in the early 21st century. Indeed, the deep changes occurred between the two centuries, the renewal of leaders within both sides and internal challenges faced by them, speeded up the entrance into a new era where economy becomes the cornerstone of their cooperation. The birth of FOCAC reveals the willingness to handle effectively the relationship between China and Africa, as well as it shows the intensity and the seize of their trade. What is that institution gathering together so many countries? What are its theoretical foundations? And what kind of response it provides to those who belittle China offensive in Africa? These are shortly, the main outlines of this work
Terziman, Léo. "Contribution à l'Étude des Techniques d'Interaction 3D et des Retours Sensoriels pour Améliorer la Navigation et la Marche en Réalité Virtuelle." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767488.
Full textBenabid, Yacine. "Contribution à l’amélioration du processus de conception des produits innovants : Développement d’outils d’aide au choix des processus." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0003/document.
Full textThe optimization of the design process is a research evolving highlighted in numerous references and business practices with the aim improving and developing new products. Our approach is a continuation of those activities that takes as its starting point the diversity of existing design processes and the difficulty of achieving a selection where adaptation. Hence our problem is summarized around a central question which we formulate as follows: how to optimize the choice of the design process subject to a constrained environment? The answer to this question is through the proposition of a tool Help in choosing which converges to the installation of a design process. This tool is three-dimensional, where the first dimension relates to the preparation of the upstream design phase, the second dimension selects a design process on a map classification and the objective of the third dimension is the identification of trades tools and methods for product development. The experimental part of our work has led us to validate the developed tool and propose how to use by designers. Optimization is achieved in our work by the proposal of a three-dimensional tool side and the other by the use of optimization algorithms for modeling tool. New avenues of research for improvement are identified and proposed for future work
Rosetta, Lyliane. "Contribution a l'etude des effets de la malnutrition chronique sur la fonction de reproduction dans l'espece humaine : a partir d'une etude realisee dans une population d'agriculteurs sedentaires du senegal." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077147.
Full textFoudil, Samy-Adrien. "Le rappel en mémoire épisodique : la contribution du précuneus dans la reconstruction de l'expérience subjective et spatio-temporelle écologique des événements du passé." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1056.
Full textIn humans, episodic memory is the cognitive ability that allows them to recover a past experience, or episode, according to a specific state of consciousness. The particularity of this memory system is the construction of links between the contextual dimensions constituting the memory episode: the "What?" event, the "When?" moment, and the "Where?" place. Conventional studies of episodic memory indicate that these dimensions are processed and integrated into cortical structures mainly comprising the median temporal lobe and the prefrontal cortex. Recent studies of fMRI memory using more natural and ecological experimental materials have opened the perspective of underlying cortical networks of episodic memory extending beyond theses regions. Indeed, these studies suggest that the parietal lobe plays an important role in the constitution of a memory episode with an enriched context. However, the mechanisms and structures relating to the processing of the contextual features of an event remain debated, and the interactions induced between the different contextual dimensions of a memory episode, when it is recalled, are poorly understood. This thesis presents 3 main objectives: 1) to develop new experimental protocols to study the memory of encoded episodes in situations involving naturalistic and rich contexts; 2) to assess the influence of the temporal and spatial context on the recall performance of encoded episodes in these highly naturalistic situations; and 3) to elucidate the cortical structures underlying the treatment of these contextual dimensions. With these objectives in mind, I developed new protocols using films, virtual reality and a geolocated mobile application during the encoding phase. I studied the behavioral performance of recall, and related functional brain activity using fMRI, by means of 2 tasks: a hybrid Recall/Family and Source Memory task; and a temporal order judgment task. My behavioral results from the first task show that the correct and confident recall of the "Where?" place and the "When?" time predicts the probability of successful recall of the “What”? over and above any familiarity rating; and this, in all encoding modalities. The fMRI results showed increased activity in the Precuneus. In the task of judging the temporal order I observed a modulation of the retrieval reaction times, and activity of the Precuneus, as a function of the temporal distance between the episodes during the encoding phase. More importantly, through the studies, I have found that these behavioural and imaging effects are modulated according to other contextual factors associated with ecological episodes (e. g. spatial factors, semantic content, encoding modality), demonstrating that the episodic information processed by the Precuneus exceeds the traditional "what, where, when" dimensions. These results highlight the involvement of the medial parietal lobe in the recall of ecological memory episodes and suggest its involvement in the conscious and subjective memory recall. I interpret these results in the light of reconstructive theories of episodic memory and propose that the Precuneus is involved in the multidimensional integration of enriched memory episodes from an enhanced subjective/personal perspective. More generally, my studies support the importance of studying human cognition in naturalistic environments, by demonstrating here the crucial role of the Precuneus, which is a structure remote from the classic temporo-frontal network of episodic memory
Willocx, Laurent. "Réalisme et rationalités de la législation relative aux ouvriers et à ceux qui les emploient : 1791-1841 : contribution à une critique du droit du travail." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2072.
Full textLabor law is constantly criticized for its lack of “realism” : it is criticized for being drafted by a legislator too far removed from the varied aspirations of employees and employers, for having too uniform rules in view of the diversity of situations and for being unsuitable for the purposes assigned to it. Modern labor law is however characterized by the efforts made to respond to this criticism. And this is not new. This character was already present in the labor legislation that was born at the end of the nineteenth century, in the great revolt of facts against the Civil Code. Better still, this realism was already in the the labor law from before, that of the Revolution, the Civil Code and the first nineteenth century.This thesis proposes several distinct concepts of realism, in connection with the typology of the rationalities of the law of Max Weber and some of his continuators. These concepts are used to analyze different dimensions of the legislation relating to the workers and those who employ them produced between 1791 and 1841. From this study, it appears that the labor law has always been realistic
Lieberknecht, Sebastian Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] [Navab, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Reitmayr. "Contributions to Real-time Visual Tracking and Live Environment Modeling for Augmented Reality Applications : Design and Implementation of New Methods and Evaluations on Real Image-based Ground Truth Data / Sebastian Lieberknecht. Gutachter: Nassir Navab ; Gerhard Reitmayr. Betreuer: Nassir Navab." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031280359/34.
Full textAl-Hamdani, Hayja. "Réexamen de la notion d'arbitraire linguistique. Définition et contribution à l'identification de sa problématique." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENSL0808.
Full textThis thesis sheds light on the linguistic notion of arbitrariness, which, since the very first reflections on the nature of language, continues – to a greater or lesser extent – to be a subject of debate: is the origin of language human or divine? Is its status conventional or natural? Is the naming of things based on human arbitrariness or human reason? Consequently, is the linguistic sign arbitrary or motivated? This debate extends from antiquity to the present day, in a proportion of variable intensity in time and place. But in all this, what do we mean by arbitrary? And why has it always represented a problematic?In this context, we have conducted a survey which retraces the history of this notion from antiquity to the present day, to see how the question of arbitrariness has been treated by savants. The global nature of this study can enable the construction of an idea of the point of divergence which makes arbitrariness into a matter of such sustained and controversial debate among savants. Thus, this study was designed to review the concept of arbitrariness in order to identify and define the problem.This study has been conducted using a working method based on the logical and philosophical analysis of texts. It conclusively demonstrates that the problem of the arbitrary lies in the ambiguity of the concept. This is due to the multiplicity of meanings that it can contain, that is, the multiplicity of its conceptions among philosophers and linguists, but this is also due to the multiplicity of points of view applied to determining the part affected by the arbitrary within the theory of the sign. In other words, it is in terms of arbitrary ideas that we can speak of the arbitrariness of language.The thesis ends by presenting a position about language and arbitrariness, which has been constructed around two issues: i) the fact that there are laws in the language that manage its working according to an own system; ii) that there is a relevant connection between the thought of a group and its language
تلقي هذه الأطروحة الضوء على مفهوم الاعتباط اللغوي الذي ما انفك يكون بشكل او بآخر موضوعا للجدل منذ البدايات الأولى للتفكير في طبيعة اللغة : فهل إن أصل اللغة إنسانيّ أم إلهي؟ وهل أنّ تشريعها جاء بشكل اتفاقي أم طبيعي؟ هل جرت التسمية على أساس اعتباطية الإنسان ام على عقلانيته؟ وبالنتيجة فهل ان الإشارة اللغوية اعتباطية ام معللة؟ امتد هذا الجدل منذ العصور القديمة وحتى يومنا هذا بنسب متفاوتة بالشدة في الزمان والمكان. ولكن في كل هذا ، ما الذي نعنيه بالضبط بالاعتباط؟ ولماذا يمثل دائما إشكالية؟في هذا السياق أجرينا بحثا طاف التاريخ برمته منذ العصر القديم حتى يومنا هذا كي نتعرف كيف تمت معالجة هذا الموضوع عند علماء اللغة. ان شمولية هذا العمل تسمح بتكوين فكرة حول نقطة الخلاف الذي جعل من الاعتباط موضوعا قابلا للتأييد والرفض على حد سواء بين العلماء. وعليه فقد صممت هذه الدراسة لإعادة النظر في مفهوم الاعتباط من اجل تعريفه وتحديد اشكاليته.تتألف الأطروحة من أربعة أجزاء فصلت في سياق زمني ، ولكن رتبت على وفق التوزيع ألموضوعاتي. يتناول الجزء الأول مكونات الاعتباط كعناصر تعريفية ، وأنواع الاعتباط ، ويبحث الجزء الثاني في إشكالية الاعتباط من خلال دراسة جذور فكره والحجج التي قدمت في هذا الطرح والطرح الذي عارضه ، الأمر الذي ترك المشكلة بلا حل، إضافة إلى المقترحات التي حاول من خلالها العلماء الخروج من المشكلة. وقد خصص الجزء الثالث حصرا حول ملامح الاعتباط عند سوسير ؛ في حين ناقش الجزء الرابع مفهوم الاعتباط في الفكر الحديث.أجريت هذه الدراسة على وفق منهج بحث استند على التحليل المنطقي والفلسفي للنصوص. وبينت بالنتيجة أن مشكلة الاعتباط تكمن في غموض مفهومه. ويعود ذلك إلى تعدد المعاني التي يمكن ان تحتويه المفردة، وبالتالي تعدد طريقة فهمه عند الفلاسفة وعلماء اللغة ، إضافة إلى تعدد وجهات النظر في تحديد الجانب المعني بالاعتباط في نظرية الإشارة اللغوية. وبعبارة أخرى، يمكننا القول إنّ اعتباطية اللغة تكمن في إطار اعتباطية الأفكار.تقدم الأطروحة في النهاية فكر المؤلف حول اللغة ومسألة الاعتباط اللغوي، وقد بناه على مسألتين: الأولى أن هناك قوانين في اللغة تدير حركته على وفق نظام خاص؛ والثانية أن هناك علاقة وثيقة بين فكر المجموعة ولغتها
Covu, Diégo. "Les formes du réalisme scientifique : l’empirisme de Locke et le naturalisme contemporain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3078.
Full textThe very fact of being engaged in an explicative program, canonically called philosophical, calls us to this presupposition of an affinity between world and words. We propose in the introduction a coherentist approach to philosophical systems, defined as worldviews where ontology and epistemology are in charge of mutual support. In Locke’s empiricism, the epistemological line defined by his empiricism is coupled to a corpuscularist conception of reality. We’ll show that the lines of tension existing between those two positions are consolidated by a deeply realistic doxastic attitude, bringing to the famous thesis of the likeness between real and perceived first qualities. The science of that time is thus promoted by a rationalist line of a deep affinity between the categories that make our environment intelligible and the very reality. Today’s naturalism leans entirely on the intelligibility that we have of reality through scientific activities, so founding the reappearance of ontology as this ideal of rational access to reality, by means of largely a priori procedures, that our sciences flush. If the pretentions of the metaphysicians to meet those objectives have to be deceived, it seems more judicious to value the mathematical a priori which, pace Quine’s model of the seamless web of belief, seems empirically incorrigible. It’s unreasonable effectiveness in the heuristics of our fundamental sciences places effectively it in the very first line in the constitution of the different strata of objectivation of our environnement
Avomo, Engo Bertille. "Les transitions formation-emploi des jeunes professionnels actifs : une contribution à l'analyse de la representation du métier au cours de la transition dans les contextes du Gabon et de la France." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0871.
Full textIn the current changing environment, the employability devices can help young professionals in adapting to the changes related to institutional practices, as the university has a facilitating role in the inclusion of trainee teachers through the educational training systems already in place. The socialization and professionalization process proposed in our research are similar to the design of Claude Dubar and Perez-Roux (1998 ; 2010 ; 2012) to which professional identity is constructed in a double anticipatory socialization (training) and organizational (insertion) through a systemic approach to the subject lines evolving in different contexts. This identity may be specific to the function performed, notably that of teachers. As part of a double comparative and intercultural approach, the objective of our research proposes to consider these elements of professionalization through a dual objective to analyze and describe the evolution in relation to the work of young professionals during their first-professional insertion. It also aims to describe and analyze the pedagogical teaching systems and practices in France and Gabon with particular attention to the difficulties encountered and described by learners, with a view to inquire the educational construction conditions for for the trainers training in a given cultural context.The study was conducted among four population groups constituted for the first comparative approach from 60 French students from Master 2 Professional and 34 young executives exercising in France on the one hand. For the second comparative approach it is linked to 60 teacher trainees in alternating training in colleges of professorship in France (30 subjects) and (30 subjects) in Gabon. Data collection is based on a descriptive / quantitative approach (Questionnaire) completed by qualitative / analytical approach (open questions, semi-structured interviews). An adaptation of the data collection tools for each population was neccessary. The results bring to light on the one hand the existence a report to flexible working and evolving during the transition between training and employment. Indeed, the confrontation with the reality of the professional world explain a decrease in the report observed at work during the organizational socialization among young professionals. Other hand, the results confirm the existing malaise in Gabonese and French education systems both in terms of the perception of trainees teaching practices at the level of conditions learning material, they describe as inadequate and insecure in different contexts. Learners always claim a real inclusion of the university (change devices). However, teacher professional identity in construction, seems based on a determination and positivism that does not seem shaken by the realities of the environment
Ducrocq, Myriam-Isabelle. "Le réalisme dans la pensée politique anglaise de la Grande Rébellion à la Glorieuse Révolution : à travers les oeuvres de Thomas Hobbes, James Harrington, Algernon Sydney et John Locke." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030153.
Full textThe purport of this doctoral thesis is to bring in perspective four emblematic thinkers of the period of English history extending between The Great Rebellion and the Glorious Revolution : Thomas Hobbes, John Harrington, Algernon Sydney and John Locke. These authors, whose respective status and posterity widely differ, are divided by strong ideological differences : Hobbes was a proponent of absolutist government, Harrington and Sidney inclined in favour of a regime based on popular representation and John Locke was a partisan of parliamentary monarchy. Whatever their differences, these philosophers share a common attitude that consists in taking into account the real conditions presiding over the exercise of political power. This common perspective which has been described as political realism is founded on three main axes : the first one is the will to choose a foundation of all political organisations the principles of nature as evidenced by the historical study of human societies and rational analysis ; the second axis is to be found in their search for optimal conditions to ensure the preservation of the Commonwealth built on such foundation ; the third and last axis consists in taking into account the Commonwealth ‘s interest in the resolution of a certain number of fundamental political questions that prevailed during that period. We shall establish in conclusion that their common realism induces them to put forward similar propositions on the nature and extent of the power that political leaders must be entrusted with, whatever the chosen form of government may be
Jaeggi, David. "Mission als Handeln in Hoffnung: eine Auseinandersetzung mit Hermeneutik und Eschatologie bei N.T. Wright vor dem Hintergrund von David J. Boschs ökumenischem Missionsparadigma." Diss., 2019. http://uir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/25650.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 222-239)
Vorliegende missionstheologische Untersuchung geht aus von David J. Boschs ökumenischem Missionsparadigma als Vorschlag für ein ganzheitliches Missionsverständnis mit den Brennpunk-ten Verkündigung und soziales Engagement in einer postmodernen Welt. Auf der Suche nach einer geschichtsbezogenen Eschatologie als Grundlage und motivierende Hoffnung für die Kirche in ih-rer Mission, verweist Bosch mit einiger Zurückhaltung auf die heilsgeschichtliche Theologie seines Lehrers Oscar Cullmann. Die Arbeit setzt sich daher in einem ersten Teil kritisch mit unterschied-lichen eschatologischen Entwürfen und insbesondere mit Cullmanns Eschatologie und deren Impli-kationen auf das Missionsverständnis auseinander. Im Anschluss wird danach gefragt, ob und in-wiefern die Theologie von N.T. Wright die cullmannsche Eschatologie in Sinne von Bosch zu er-weitern vermag. Es wird schliesslich deutlich, dass Wrights eschatologischer Ansatz eine tragfähi-gere Grundlage für ein ganzheitliches Missionsverständnis darstellt, als derjenige von Cullmann. Die Untersuchung will einen Beitrag leisten zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Eschatologie und gleichzeitig Wrights Theologie aus missionstheologischer Perspektive kritisch würdigen.
This missionary-theological investigation takes as its point of departure David J. Bosch’s ecumeni-cal missionary paradigm as a proposal for a holistic understanding of mission with a focus on pro-clamation and social engagement in a postmodern world. In the search for an eschatology related to history as a foundation and motivating hope for the church in its mission, Bosch refers with some reservation to the salvation historical theology of his teacher Oscar Cullmann. Accordingly, the first part of the work is devoted to a critical engagement with different eschatological conceptions and especially with Cullmann’s eschatology and its implications for the understanding of mission. After this, we then ask whether and to what extent the theology of N.T. Wright can expand the Cullman-nian eschatology in the sense of Bosch. It becomes clear in the end that Wright’s eschatological approach represents a more viable foundation for a holistic understanding of mission than that of Cullmann. The study aims to contribute to the debate over eschatology and at the same to present a critical appraisal of Wright’s theology from a missionary-theological perspective.
Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology
M. Th. (Missiology)
Cockenpot, Aurore. "Revue réaliste des modèles de services de première ligne." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19168.
Full textBackground: It increasingly appears that the sustainability of health systems depends in part on expanding the care provided by primary care teams. There are many examples of successful primary care models in several countries. However, Quebec generally fails to meet its objectives of accessibility, equity and efficiency. There is growing evidence on the importance of nursing care in primary health services, but it provides little actionable advice on how to reform primary care models given the diversity of clinical settings. The complexity of the interventions needed to reform primary care models is a challenge. Objective: This research reports the results of a realist review on optimizing the contribution of interprofessional and nursing teams in primary health care. Method: An analysis of the literature based on the realist review and the logic analysis was conducted to determine the desirable structural characteristics of health care services models that tend to an extended or optimized contribution of interprofessional teams. Results: The realist review helped to develop two analytical typologies to establish coherent operating bases to improve the performance of models of primary health services. Practice implications : These typologies ultimately aim to facilitate the use of evidence for decision makers to support the necessary transformation processes of primary health care in Quebec.