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1
Dudley, Larkin S. "Contractual governance: theory and practice in Circular A-76." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37863.
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This study builds a conceptual framework of contractual governance through an examination of the policy environment and contracting process under one federal program, circular A-76. To comply with the government's general policy of relying on commercial sources to supply products and services, Circular A-76 requires agencies to study selected activities and put them up for bid between in0-house government departments and private companies.Ph. D.
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Chi, Jianxin. "Conditional tests of corporate governance theories." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2339.
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Agency theories suggest that governance matters more when agency conflicts are potentially more severe. However, empirical studies often do not control for the potential severity of agency conflicts. I show that the marginal benefit of governance varies with the free cash flow level, a proxy for the potential severity of agency conflicts. As the free cash flow level increases, higher governance quality becomes incrementally more value-enhancing, and lower governance quality becomes incrementally more value-destroying. This is consistent with the hypothesis that better governance helps resolve the agency conflicts in investment decisions when a firm has more free cash flows (Jensen, 1986). This study highlights the importance of controlling for the potential severity of agency conflicts in governance studies and provides an improved method to estimate the marginal benefit of a governance mechanism.
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Kendall, Tessa Clare. "The symbolist theatre on Maurice Maeterlinck : an interpretation structured by contractual theories." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338911.
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Du, Toit Gerhard. "The significance of postmodern theories of interpretation for contractual interpretation : a critical analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1245.
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Thesis (LLD (Mercantile Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.The objective of this study is to examine the significance of postmodern insights regarding interpretation (especially the rejection of intentionalism) and subjectivity for contractual interpretation theory. In Part One (consisting of chapters 2-5), the leading postmodern insights on interpretation, individual autonomy, texts and intentionalism are discussed. This is done by analysing the present interpretive practice in four chapters: 1) Different theories of interpretation ranging from objectivism and natural law theories to post-structuralism are discussed in chapter 2. 2) In chapter 3 individual autonomy (as advocated by liberal theorists) is contrasted with communitarianism in order to problematize the notion of contracting parties as autonomous, self-regulating beings. By highlighting criticism against liberalism and communitarianism, and also by suggesting critical self-rule as an alternative, the assertion that contracting parties are autonomous and self-regulating is contested. 3) The process of textual definition is critically analysed with emphasis on the position reflected by the application of the parol-evidence rule and also post-structuralist ideas on the definition of texts in chapter 4. It is shown that textual definition consists of interpretation rather than identification. 4) The nature of intention and the process of intention “discovery” are analysed in chapter 5. Because of the centrality of intention in contractual practice, alternative theories on intention (and its role during interpretation) are postulated and it is suggested that post-structuralism can provide a critically reflective theory of intention. It is clear (from the critical analysis of intentionalism) that the way intention is presently approached is theoretically flawed. It is also apparent from the critique of liberal beliefs held regarding the nature of interpretation, subjectivity and the definition of texts that the theoretical foundations of these beliefs are fundamentally flawed. A critical re-imagination of contractual interpretation is necessary. In Part Two, questions about the justifiability of the present interpretive theories are posed. In chapter 6 the practical implications of a new theoretical basis for contractual interpretation are considered by examining the way various rules of interpretation are influenced by the new theoretical basis of interpretation. Three “rules” are examined: 1) The golden rule of interpretation is examined because of its reliance on intentionalist assumptions; 2) the parol-evidence rule is examined because of its relation to positivist assumptions about the definition of texts; 3) the relevance of bona fides as a substantial remedy during the interpretation of the contract is analysed to reveal assumptions about the nature of legal subjectivity in which the present consideration of the bona fides is grounded. It is shown that rules depend not on their content for operation, but rather on the assumptions upon which they are grounded. In short, we do not have to do away with our rules of contractual interpretation, but we have to re-evaluate how we apply those rules. The final part of this dissertation consists of a summary of the conclusions drawn during the course of this study.
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Chen, Tsu-Chun. "Theories for Session-based Governance for Large-scale Distributed Systems." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8778.
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Large-scale distributed systems and distributed computing are the pillars of IT infrastructure and society nowadays. Robust theoretical principles for designing, building, managing and understanding the interactive behaviours of such systems need to be explored. A promising approach for establishing such principles is to view the session as the key unit for design, execution and verification. Governance is a general term for verifying whether activities meet the specified requirements and for enforcing safe behaviours among processes. This thesis, based on the asynchronous -calculus and the theory of session types, provides a monitoring framework and a theory for validating specifications, verifying mutual behaviours during runtime, and taking actions when noncompliant behaviours are detected. We explore properties and principles for governing large-scale distributed systems, in which autonomous and heterogeneous system components interact with each other in the network to accomplish application goals. This thesis, incorporating lessons from my participation in a substantial practical project, the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), proposes an asynchronous monitoring framework and the process calculus for dynamically governing the asynchronous interactions among distributed multiple applications. We prove that this monitoring model guarantees the satisfaction of global assertions, and state and prove theorems of local and global safety, transparency, and session fidelity. We also study and introduce the semantic mechanisms for runtime session-based governance and the principles of validation of stateful specifications through capturing the runtime asynchronous interactions.
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Sunarto, Retno Sari. "Contractual Governance of Indonesia Railway System - Case Study:Customer Satisfaction in Jabodetabek Area Vs Värmlandstrafik AB." Thesis, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-4668.
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The growth of private motor vehicle grows rapidly each year have negative impact not only forthe extra contribution of air pollution but also to time wasting. That impact can lead todecreasing of people quality life. Public transportation is one of the solutions for the problem.Therefore, the shift from private motor vehicle user to public transportation, in other wordincreasing market share of public transportation, is necessary. One of the public transportationthat can attract more market share is railways. It has large capacity, high safety level, and freefrom traffic jam. Those characteristic makes railway as primary public transportation.Indonesian railways nowadays have lot of problems and receive many complaints from thepassenger. Train travel is still colored with the delay, limited well-condition vehicle, and uncleartrain travel information that often disadvantage passengers, and many of services offered werefailed to attract passengers. These conditions result in decreasing quality of services andinsufficient railways operation. This will be a barrier to Indonesian railways accomplishment inmaking it to be a reliable and sustainable transport mode. Therefore, to improve market shareand to improve the railway condition, it necessary to have contractual governance withstandard that can lead to costumer satisfaction and making the process improve therelationship between the stakeholders. This lead to the problem of what is the customersatisfaction factors in using railway as their transport, what service quality item that satisfiedthe passenger, and how contract can maintain the relationship between the stakeholders.Finding in this thesis consist of several point. First, from the customer satisfaction index, thecustomers of Jabodetabek commuter train are not satisfied with the service. Second, theanalysis discovered that there are four factors that have high correlation with overallsatisfaction. The four factors are equipment and facility, assurance, competency, and traveltime and appearance. The attributes is grouping into five SERVQUAL dimension. Fromregression analysis of SERVQUAL dimensions there are two service items that influence thecustomer satisfaction; assurances and tangibles. Third, from gap analysis there are gaps inservice process that need to be closed in order to deliver service quality which lead tocustomer satisfaction in railway operational. Fourth, from contract analysis can be concludedthat present condition PT.KAI as the operator cannot perform as it is stated in contract. Thiscan be influenced by many factors such as; the lack of infrastructure, the lack of vehicle,customer misbehavior, staff misbehavior and external factors. In delivering service qualitywhich can lead to customer satisfaction, it is recommended to improve the service that relatedto assurances and tangible items and to involves passengers in controlling and improvingrailway operational. The result expected from the improvement is the increase of overallperformance of railway operation which can lead to the increase customer satisfaction andmarket share. From side of contractual governance, the research discovered that there areproblem in contract clausal and relationship between DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer ofrailway service. The recommendation is to include customer complains in setting contractclausal that can make DGR, PT. KAI and people as customer in mutualism developingrelationship.
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Roehrich, Jens Kurt. "The dynamics of inter-organisational governance : contractual and relational mechanisms in public-private supply arrangements." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520327.
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This research investigates the dynamic interplay of contractual and relational governance mechanisms in long-term supply arrangements. The thesis contributes to an emerging debate that examines the combination of contractual and relational governance in inter-organisational exchanges. Contractual and relational governance mechanisms have been positioned as precluding mechanisms, which may result in destructive effects if combined for governing inter-organisational relationships. Previous research studies have increasingly acknowledged that the use of contractual mechanisms does not exclude the use of relational mechanisms and vice-versa. However, the recent literature offers limited insights into the dynamic interaction of both inter-organisational governance mechanisms and their impact on overall performance. The analysis in this research utilises a conceptual framework and a number of theoretical lenses through which the dynamic interplay of contractual and relational governance mechanisms is explained. Based on empirical case analysis of six public-private supply arrangements across three sectors: healthcare, waste management and emergency services, the research explores the dynamic interplay of both governance mechanisms and their impact on overall performance. Retrospective case study data was collected deploying semi-structured interviews and the critical incident technique was used to investigate the governance interplay over time. The contribution to knowledge is a conceptual framework that refines contractual and relational governance components in supply relationships over time. The findings indicate the importance of the interplay between inter-personal and inter-organisational trust in combination with complex contracts and intermediate contractual agreements. From this the conclusion is drawn that organisations entering into long-term supply relationships need to deploy both contractual and relational governance mechanisms in combination in order to achieve better overall performance.
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Rogers, Meredith Australian Graduate School of Management Australian School of Business UNSW. "Contingent corporate governance: a challenge to universal theories of board structure." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Australian Graduate School of Management, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23024.
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Agency theory proposes that the role of the board of directors is to control management (Fama & Jensen 1983). A structurally independent board, one with a high percentage of non-executive directors and a chairperson who is not the CEO, has been used as a proxy for the control role. Therefore, agency theory predicts a positive relationship between independent board structure and firm performance. These predictions have not been confirmed by meta-analytic reviews (Dalton, Daily, Ellstrand, & Johnson 1998; Rhoades, Rechner, & Sundaramurthy 2000). This thesis applies structural contingency theory to provide an alternative explanation for the relationship between board structure and firm performance. Structural contingency theory (Donaldson 2001) proposes that the relationship between an organization???s structure and its performance is moderated by contingencies. In this study the contingency is the salience of the board???s control role. I argue that structural independence of the board has a beneficial effect on performance only if it is in fit with control salience. For example, a firm with an independently structured board that gives high prominence to the control role will perform well. On the other hand, another firm with a less independently structured board that does not see its main role as controlling management will also prosper. Survey data were analyzed to measure the control salience for 98 Australian listed companies. Archival data provided measures of board structure and firm performance. Consistent with the meta-analytic reviews, there was no association between independent board structure and firm performance. There was some evidence that high control salience resulted in high performance, but this effect was evident chiefly when performance was measured by total shareholder returns. This may indicate that the share market was responding to the symbolism of high control salience. In contrast to the symbolic main effect of control salience, the fit between the control salience and the independent structure of the board caused increased return on equity. This reflects the board???s objective effect on profit when its structure is in fit with control salience.
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Ziolkowski, Richard, and n/a. "A re-examination of corporate governance: concepts, models, theories and future directions." University of Canberra. Law, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060411.150123.
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This thesis represents a scholarly journey towards an understanding of
corporate governance. Unlike the vast majority of writings on governance, this
work attempts to take a step back, and to consider why and how we should
study corporate governance. These critical questions have been largely
ignored during the frenzy of governance research in the past few decades.
The thesis argues that corporate governance theory and practice reflects a
Tower of Academic Babel¹ reality as writers from diverse backgrounds use
different approaches, invent terminology and proclaim a new 'theory'. The
thesis analyses the extent of this conceptual confusion about corporate
governance and why this arises. It also considers some possible reasons for
the increasing disillusionment with the legal, ethical, cultural, institutional,
regulatory and other contexts of corporate governance.
The corporate governance literature indicates that much uncertainty has
arisen over the nature of corporate governance. Both, denotative and
connotative meanings of corporate governance have been ambiguous, often
because of poorly defined concepts. This ambiguity is compounded by
confusion over methodological concepts such as "paradigm", "system",
"model" and "theory", the key constructs employed by many legal, and other,
writers. Moreover, much of the literature on corporate governance is founded
on ethnocentric concepts that are often "chauvinistic in the extreme".² This
confusion has been intensified by the added complexity of unique
phenomenology, demonstrated by numerous writers with "scholarship and
advocacy that is culturally and economically insensitive"³
This thesis argues that the search for corporate efficiency and effectiveness
is often misguided, both because of biased performance criteria and a lack of
a clear conceptual domain. Consequently, the corporate governance
discourse fails meaningfully to address the enigma of what is the range of
corporate governance influence on corporate activities? The overarching
argument made in this thesis is that our understanding of corporate
governance requires a clarification of methodological approach and a
comparative perspective.
By recasting corporate governance research within consistent models,
theories and applications this thesis lays the foundation for future research by
which we may investigate the causal relationships that determine corporate
efficiency, effectiveness and the optimum structures for good corporate
governance.
practitioners from most cultures.
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Zhang, Zhong. "Derivative action and good governance in China : : economic theories and legal rules." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488053.
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Masuku, Siphamandla. "Towards an inclusive reconceptualization of IT governance: espoused theory and theories-in-use." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13301.
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Includes bibliographical references.IT governance is a highly researched field with a majority of the literature focusing on structural (form) and processual (contingency) mechanisms. The theoretical foundations of agency theory, which has a strong focus on control, predominantly underpin the current IT governance practices. The field is lacking in research contributions on relational mechanisms of IT governance and how they influence governance outcomes. Despite the amount of prescriptive models and “best practice frameworks” available in the field, achieving key IT governance outcomes remains amongst the highest ranked management concerns. This paper seeks to explicate the disharmony between current practices and espoused theory through a case study within an organization in the pursuit to understand multi-stakeholder perspectives as to their impression of governance, its purpose and relevance in the organization; for the purpose of attaining a systemic, multi -perspective view on governance as a practice within organizations, as opposed to those prescribed in mainstream theory. A key objective of this research is to provide more insight on the existing gap between the various stakeholders' perspectives on IT governance in the multiple echelons of an organization, with particular emphasis on the alignment of mental models and the process of sense making; revealing a deeper understanding of current governance practices from the social/relational, structural and processual mechanisms within an organization and highlighting the as-lived perceptions on IT governance purpose, objectives, important IT mechanisms for effective IT governance and perspectives on current IT governance effectiveness within their context. The culmination of the findings from this research reveal in a need for organizations to engage in a sense-making process that enables the inclusive conceptualization of IT governance within their context. At the core, it is about IT governance vision- purpose- practice alignment, and as a (important) consequence, about business and IT alignment.
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CALABRO', ANDREA. "Governance structures and mechanisms in public service organizations: theories, evidence and future directions." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1291.
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Public services play a central role in the well-being, sustainability and growth of
communities, cities and nations. However, globally, public services have emerged from
a period of considerable criticism. This period of challenge to public services was
generated by the rise of neo-liberal ideologies in the 1980s and 1990s (Hartely et al., 2008). During this period market solutions were implemented instead of State
provisions. Privatizations and disinvestments played a central role in that process (Cafferata, 1993) taken place on the grounds that management is underpinned by certain general principles and practices (New Public Management) which can be applied across a range of businesses, organizations and sectors (Pollit and Bouckaert, 2004).
The current situation is characterized by new forms of relationships between State and
society. The role of both government and public services are considered fundamental in
order to create stable social and economic conditions by actively involving citizens and
community organizations. Therefore, the inter-relationships between the public, the
private and the voluntary sectors in the design and provision of public services are
increased (Ferlie et al., 2005).
In recent years, two seem to be the key questions: how are public service organizations governed? And, are we asking the right questions? These questions arise from the fact that nowadays, the public sector has differences among countries and many actors are producing and providing public services through different modes of governance.
Actually, it is possible that public private partnerships (hereafter denoted as PPPs)
(Klijn, 2008), outsourcing, state owned companies, municipal corporations (Grossi and
Mussari, 2009; Grossi e Reichard, 2008), third sector and voluntary organizations,
citizens, etc. might coexist. However, many issues may arise, for example, from the use
of PPPs, co-production with civil society organizations, and other new governance
arrangements. These developments open up questions about the extent to which such
new organizational forms deliver benefits of innovation, efficiency and responsiveness,
as well as their impact on processes of steering and accountability in a democratic
context. Even if this fragmented reality gives more challenges to the provision and production of public services and goods to citizens however it raises many
accountability problems due to the overlapping of roles and responsibility (Skelcher, 2010). This is the major concern of a networked public sector (Rhodes, 2007) and therefore analyses of public service organizations’ (hereafter PSOs) governance systems are needed.
Managing those complex inter-relationships can be harnessed to improve a range of
public services by examining them through different theoretical perspectives (e.g.
network theories, agency theory, resource and knowledge based theories, political
power theories, innovation and change theories, performance and management theories, governance theories, etc.). By using this approach it will be possible to definitely advance both theory and practice, beyond the traditional model of Public
Administration (hereafter denoted as PA) and New Public Management (hereafter
denoted as NPM), by considering the existence of networked forms of governance, thus arriving at the acceptance of the New Public Governance (hereafter denoted as NPG) as the steering theoretical framework (Osborne, 2006; 2009).
These aspects are in line with the new awareness of the social, economic, and cultural contribution of public services, public organizations and government has resulted in a significant period of reform and experimentation (Hinna et al., 2006). Besides, at the heart of these initiatives is the idea that improvements to the ways in which public services can be governed, managed and delivered will produce improved outcomes for citizens (Brandsen and Pestoff, 2006; Pestoff, 2009).
The purpose of this thesis, therefore, is a new understanding of public service
organizations’ (hereafter denoted as PSOs) governance and management. This is done
by using a multidisciplinary approach to explore governance structures and
mechanisms, management, innovation, and performance of PSOs. Moreover, the study
fills the gap of quantitative analysis to be tested and explored for their meanings and
contextual influences by undertaking case studies, and for case studies to generate
propositions to be tested with large datasets. Finally, questions of when, how and why governance structures and mechanisms matter to public service performance and
accountability, are addressed.
The role of governing bodies and internal governance mechanisms seems to be
especially important for understanding the dynamics and the processes that in turn affect the overall value creation capacity of PSOs. In this respect, it is important to underline that PSOs primarily aim to produce not profit or market positioning but “public value” (Moore, 1995; 2005; Bozeman, 2009). Public value means what is added to the public sphere and this may be social or economic, or it may be political, environmental or even more broadly about the quality of life. Indeed, a public value perspective requires examining the impact of public services on “costumers” and “users” but also the impact on them as “citizens”.
Only by taking into account all these issues and the inherent complexity of the analyzed
phenomenon, through this study it becomes possible to investigate the governance
structures and mechanisms of PSOs from different angles and “regimes”, with emphasis
on differences among national contexts, theoretical frameworks, and methods of
analysis.
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Hamid, Sheharyar Sikander. "Efficacy of corporate governance theories in determining the regulatory framework for Islamic finance institutions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/67150/.
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This thesis argues that the Islamic finance industry has its ideological foundations in the business ethics and stakeholder theory since the Islamic jurisprudence supports the ethical foundation of business and financial intermediations. These ethical practices can be traced back to jurisprudential concepts of Maqasid Al Sharia and Maslaha in Islamic law. The current practices of IFI however fails to follow the ethically sound (and in line with the Maqasid and Maslaha ideals) stakeholder model because of competitive pressures from the conventional financial industry and is thus modelled more on the Neo liberal shareholder profit maximisation ideology, focusing mainly on ensuring that the shareholders and certain investments account holders get maximum returns, thereby foregoing the interest of other stakeholders. It is thus argued that due to the incompatibility of the Neo liberal ethos with the Islamic finance ideals (the Maqasid of Financial intermediation), the Islamic finance industry needs to focus on more stakeholder oriented practices. The major reason for the failure of the current regulatory framework for the Islamic finance industry is the lack of any compliance and enforcement mechanism to ensure that uniform sharia governance mechanisms can be applied across the jurisdictions. This it is argued can best be achieved by international principle based Meta regulatory framework focusing on the stakeholder nature of the Islamic finance involving the IFSB and the AAOIFI and giving these bodies the authority to issue certificates of sharia compliance whereby the IFI’s would be required to obtain these certificates to function as ‘Islamic’ institutions.
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Gounari, Zoe. "Establishing a new legal model for the governance of contractual joint ventures through the application of rational choice theory." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12921/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to rationalise the law on contractual joint ventures, in the sense of rendering it consistent with its own fundamental tenets and declared objectives. The declared objective of contract law is to give effect to the intentions of reasonable persons, whom the law presumes to be self-interested by default. To this end, this thesis argues for a new legal model to govern the contractual (project-specific) joint venture, which centres on the joint venture contract but is fundamentally augmented through the application of default, mutually binding, fiduciary duties. By applying David Gauthier’s take on rational choice theory in the context of cooperation, the thesis demonstrates that submitting to default duties of this type is the long-term utility maximising strategy for self-interested commercial parties who have chosen to cooperate. For this reason, it argues that English law should imply fiduciary duties into the joint venture contract by default on the basis that this is what the co-venturers would have intended had they properly reflected on what their long-term self-interest requires.
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Lee, Ping-Chao. "The governance of professional baseball in Taiwan." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7727.
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This thesis reviews the system of governance of professional baseball in Taiwan, which has developed since its inception in 1990. The analysis undertaken reviews three case studies of major events in the baseball world in Taiwan to provide an insight into the principal interests and forces in the governance system. In theoretical terms the study employs and evaluates classical theories of the state, strategic relations theory and governance theory to describe, evaluate and explain the processes evident in the three cases. The study concludes that the governance system is characterised by a tension between mechanisms of 'modem' liberal politics, and 'traditional' forms of political clientelism.
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Ojebode, Aderemi Abayomi. "Learning in boards : a grounded theory study of UK boards of directors." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621209.
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Boards of directors have been described as an integral part of corporate governance research, being at "the apex of the internal control system" (Jensen, 1993, p.862). Early corporate governance research has examined whether, and to what extent, board characteristics impact on performance. However, the results of studies that focused on board structure/composition and performance produced mixed outcomes. Consequently, we saw the emergence of research on board processes and their impact on board task performance. Research on board processes is still ongoing, and scholars have been interested in, among other processes, how knowledge and skills by board members are being used (Gabrielsson and Huse, 2004; Kor and Sundaramurthy, 2009). At the same time, there is a gap within educational research on how knowledge is being created within teams that are episodic in nature, such as boards (Forbes and Milliken, 1999). As such, the concept of learning has to date been under-researched in a board context. In this thesis, board processes are studied by exploring the processes involved in the acquisition and sharing of knowledge and skills in boards. Further, as a response to calls for the adoption of alternative research approaches to the study of boards (Pettigrew, 1992; Johnson et al., 1996), this research is conducted using a qualitative method based on a grounded theory approach. The study is conducted based on evidence from semi-structured interviews with UK board members. The findings show that the creation of knowledge in boards depends on two dialectical processes of learning (acquisition of knowledge and skills from the external environment and sharing of knowledge and skills in the internal environment). The qualitative findings show that 1) directors possess certain levels of knowledge related to specific boards task – which is also known as directors’ knowledge base; 2) the gap between the level of knowledge and skills needed to perform specific board tasks and the directors knowledge base is regarded as a gap in directors’ knowledge; 3) that there are two processes of filling the gap(s) in directors’ knowledge – the process of acquiring knowledge and skills (from the external environment), and the process of sharing knowledge and skills within the board; 4) that there are factors which are impacting on the processes of acquiring and sharing knowledge in boards; and 5) the processes of learning in boards are circular and board members must continually update their knowledge to enhance their capabilities. The thesis contributes to knowledge by revealing new insights into how board members acquire knowledge and skills (processes of learning) and factors that are impacting on learning in boards, underpinning former conceptual models. Qualitative analysis itemised different types of processes for both acquiring and sharing knowledge and skills in boards. Additionally, the qualitative analysis revealed various forms of learning styles that are being employed by board members either to acquire or share knowledge and skills. Finally, this thesis contributes to qualitative research in boards and its findings have implications for board practice, especially boards’ tasks performance and processes of learning.
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Jiang, Ren-Shiang. "The development of basketball in Taiwan : from the perspectives of theories of governance and strategic relations." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12575.
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This thesis has sought to investigate the nature of the governance system relating to basketball in Taiwanese society with emphasis on the development of basketball against the backdrop of societal development in Taiwan and in the broader political-cultural environment. Two complementary theoretical approaches are adopted in this study: those of governance theory at the meso level of analysis; and a strategic-relational approach at the macro level to explain the ways in which governance decisions are taken in strategically selective contexts which facilitate and constrain certain actions and thus outcomes. The empirical analysis draws on a qualitative case-study approach, which was based on documentary materials and semi-structured interviews. Three major cases, namely, the collapse of the Chinese Basketball Alliance, the emergence of the Super Basketball League and the sporting links with China, were selected on the basis of their significance in the operational governance of basketball. The first is a specific event, the second focuses on a particular process, and the third on the impact of context. The perceptions of the stakeholders in the specific groups were reviewed in order to compose insights into their account of the principal interests and forces in the governance system. Interview transcripts and government reports were subject to coding employing Nvivo 9 qualitative data analysis software, and coding and analysis were undertaken employing an ethnographic content analysis approach. While governance theory provides an explanatory framework at the meso-level of analysis, the thesis argues for embedding this within a wider strategic relational meta-theoretical account. This emphasises the dialectic relationship between strategic, reflexive actors and the strategic selectivity of the context of decision-making which privileges certain strategies and tactics, and explains the structural coherence (and/or patterns of incoherence) which have emerged in the evolving nature of the governance of basketball in Taiwan. By focusing on these three inter-related studies, we provided linked spatio-temporal forms of explanation of how the collapse of the CBA provided the strategic context and strategic resources for the emergence of the SBL and the Sina Basketball Club s migration to China. Subsequently the case of the SBL and Sina provided the strategic context and strategic resources for Taiwanese players migration to China as individual sportsmen. The thesis has thus produced explanations of how the outcomes of one case provide the strategically inscribed selectivity of the next which with recursively selected strategies and tactics on the part of stakeholders produces the structured coherence/pattern (and / or incoherence) of the Taiwanese (male) prospective-professional basketball system.
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Mahmoudi, Rim. "La gouvernance de la société par actions simplifiée." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS202.
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L’objet de cette thèse est « la gouvernance de la société par actions simplifiée (SAS) ». La SAS vient de fêter ses 20 ans. Par ailleurs, la gouvernance est un thème qui prend de plus en plus de place dans le milieu des entreprises. Ce sont deux notions récentes qu’il convient de définir. La SAS, ne connait pas de modèle unique puisque son régime souple lui donne la possibilité d’avoir une multitude d’organisations en son sein. Elle varie en fonction de la taille et de l'activité de la société. La gouvernance, peut être traitée sous deux angles. Le premier est le sens classique de la gouvernance, qui se limite à l’étude de la direction au sens strict du terme. Le second, est le sens moderne de la gouvernance, à savoir le nouveau thème de gouvernement d'entreprise. Cette dernière notion est plus large et comprend un ensemble de principes issus autant du droit dur que du droit souple. Elle a trouvé un cadre au sein des sociétés cotées avec le développement de codes de gouvernement d'entreprise. Ce cadre n’existant pas dans les sociétés non cotées, il convient de le définir. La SAS est, à cet égard, un excellent outil d'adaptation puisque la flexibilité de son régime permet d'ajuster son organisation dans la recherche d’une « bonne gouvernance ». L'objet de cette thèse est de proposer un modèle de gouvernance propre au caractère "protéiforme" de la SASThe subject of this thesis is « the governance of the « société par actions simplifiée » (SAS) ». The SAS has just celebrated its 20 years old. The governance is also a new concept which is growing within companies. Both concepts must be defined. The “SAS” has no single model. Its flexible legal structure allows different types of organisation. Its organisation varies throughout the activity and the size of the company. The governance, can be approached from two perspectives: the first one is a traditional approach which is the study of the management of the company, in its strictest definition. The second one is a modern approach, meaning the new concept of “corporate governance”. The latter is a wilder concept and includes legal (hard law) and non-legal (soft law) principles. This new concept has already its framework within listed companies (i.e Corporate Governance Code). However, within non listed companies such framework does not exist. In this context, the flexibility of the “SAS” is an excellent tool to adapt its organisation in the quest of a “good corporate governance”. This study proposes a governance model adapted to the SAS which is a "multifaceted" company
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Ma-Tay, Alfonso, and Lorenzo Fascina. "Relational Governance Mechanisms and their effect on Contractual Completeness : A case study within a top European company in the Oil & Gas Industry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-39364.
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This document investigates the relationship between the usage of relational forms of governance and the completeness of contractual documents. It further examines howthis relationship is presided by the development of social norms between contracting parties. A case study was conducted within Company X, a top European company in the Energy Sector, where interviews to managers and contractual documents were inspected for aqualitative analysis of the aforementioned relationship. The results indicate that the employment of relational governance mechanisms does affect contractual completeness on one of its two dimensions: contingency adaptability. This aspect is enhanced as relational norms are interwoven in the exchange agreement. A clear connection with the second dimension, term specificity, could not be identified, and is instead attributed to contextual idiosyncrasies such as industry type andgovernance structure design. A theoretical model depicting this phenomenon was developed, including mediating effects by situational variables.
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Dexter, George. "Corporate governance in the nonprofit sector : a grounded theory approach to studying the trustee board." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11814.
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This thesis uses a constructivist grounded theory approach to investigate nonprofit corporate governance in the UK; using data obtained from participatory observations of board and associated meetings, workshops, and unstructured elite interviews. Open codes are generated and brought together as concepts, which are then iteratively compared and grouped in open categories. These categories are then reassembled using the paradigm model into five axial codes: the clash of orthodoxies; clash of motivations; regulator versus board power; clash of rationalities; and effective board duality. A dialectical approach is then used to create the core category of the ‘clash of neoliberal and public service world views which exists at every level of the nonprofit sector’. This core category is analysed in terms of the subordinate contradictions: at an environmental level - regulatory power versus sector power; at board level - accountability; the SMT; board practices and rituals (professionalism, actual and symbolic authority, boards meetings as theatre, and ethical standards); the concept of challenge as an expression of power relations; and rationality and decision making; and at the individual level - motivations of directors, moral duty and social purpose, social group membership, identification, credibility and trust. The substantive theory is then situated within psychology, governance, and corporate governance theories. The contribution made by the thesis are identified as the: use of ethnography to describe the inner workings of the board; creation of a model of nonprofit corporate governance; identification of the importance of political, ideological, regulatory, and ethical contexts; and concept of power, and the senior management team as a component of the board. Further research is suggested into: (i) a comparison of corporate governance in the for-profit and nonprofit sectors; (ii) challenge within the nonprofit culture; and (iii) the SMT as a major player in governance.
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Darweesh, Mohamed Saleh. "Correlations Between Corporate Governance, Financial Performance, and Market Value." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1618.
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Corporate governance can play a significant role in financial market stability and economic development. Corporate governance scholars have provided controversial results with respect to the relationships between corporate governance and both corporate financial performance and market value. Based on agency theory and institutional theory, the purpose of this correlational study was to investigate the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms, financial performance, and market value in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's 116 firms from 2010 to 2014. Financial performance was measured by return on assets and return on equity, while market value was measured by Tobin's q. Corporate governance mechanisms involved in this study were board size, board independence, board committees, ownership structure, and executive compensation. The financial statements and corporate governance mechanisms collected from the websites of sampled firms and the Saudi stock market (Tadawul). The findings of multiple regression tests revealed a statistically significant relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and both corporate financial performance and market value. This study may contribute to social change by building confidence in the Saudi capital market and improving the lives of stakeholders and community in general. The results may help business leaders understand the influence of corporate governance on their firms' success and the country's growth. Academic researchers, investors, regulatory bodies, practitioners, and experts in the area of corporate governance may benefit as well.
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Shin, Hyung-Deok Shin. "The role of uncertainty in transaction cost and resource-based theories of the firm." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1060713481.
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Ramedies, Ryan. "The role of good corporate governance in promoting developing countries as attractive investment destinations." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7599.
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Magister Legum - LLMThis thesis seeks to unpack the measures and structures that a developing nation can put into place to establish itself as a good investment destination. It discusses the three theories of corporate governance, and how the adoption of the Enlightened Shareholder approach is the ideal theory for developing economies to adopt. It reviews the practices of the Republic of South Africa and the Peoples Republic of China to investigate what developing nations can learn from their legislation. The purpose of this thesis is to identity strong areas of corporate governance to better assist developing nations in their establishment of their corporate governance measures.
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Guven, Erdem. "Participation To Administration In Capitalist Society: Theoretical And Political Limitations Of The Critical And Radical Administrative Theories." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614812/index.pdf.
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This thesis aims at critically examining the specific place of the "critical"
and "
radical"
theories within both the theory of public administration and political theory, particularly in terms of the discursive participatory framework they offer. The fundamental question dealt with is whether or not the power and dependence analyses of these approaches (which are treated as '
marginal'
in the field) is convincing for an egalitarian, comprehensive and socially transformative democratic governance. Since a discussion of this sort essentially problematizes the reduction of political equality to a proceduralist and abstract philosophical equality, not to commit a similar fallacy of "
apriorism"
, the study incorporates the observations on LA-21 Turkey processes as a local governance program, in terms of a concrete contribution to theoretical discussion. In the light of direct observations, interviews and data obtained from secondary resources regarding the participatory practices, the level of organization and current capacity of political representation are inferred to be also decisive on the capacity to participate, owing this decisiveness substantially to the economic and social resources in the real social formation, hence the conditions of production of local knowledge are consequently identified as far from reflecting a democratic environment purified from power relations. Highlighting the risk for the notion of self-governance to gain a hegemonic functionality for bourgeoisie democracy concealing and perpetuating social inequalities, the thesis argues for shifting the inquire for the dominant class, from solely political-administrative sphere to civil society, and the maintainable and reproductive conditions and mechanisms of dominance between these two spheres.
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Roussety, Antoine Maurice. "An Integrated Economic Model for the Evaluation of Franchise Systems: A Synthesis of Agency and Finance Theories." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365354.
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The fundamental approach to measuring goodwill in franchisee-operated businesses is the same for any other business models. However, the difference lies in the methodology, more particularly in the calculation of a risk premium, the identification of cash-flows, and the evaluation of the franchise system.
Franchisees are common law agents and are not free agents, unlike their counterparts that operate independent businesses. They are prescriptively created, governed, and terminated by contracts that are determined and controlled by their principal. As principals, franchisors rely on franchisees to do that which they cannot do themselves with equal efficiency. In order to facilitate this arrangement, they enter detailed contracts that express their reciprocal intentions and expectations. These include such things as performance standard, revenue sharing, risk allocation, operational protocol, and intellectual property rights. In fact, franchisors insist on retaining proprietary rights to all intellectual property and instead grants to the franchisee a contractual right to use it for a limited period. During that period, franchisees have to mobilise their financial and intellectual capital to leverage the intellectual property for cash-flow generation. This process often generates valuable goodwill. Arguably, goodwill exists, where the total value of cash-flows generated from the business exceeds the opportunity cost of net tangible assets employed in the business.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Dolci, Pietro Cunha. "Modelo para avaliar a influência dos investimentos em TI na governança da cadeia de suprimentos e o seu desempenho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72770.
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Os investimentos em tecnologia da informação (TI) possibilitam a criação, sustentação e expansão das vantagens competitivas das empresas na cadeia de suprimento, sendo considerados críticos para apoiar as relações interorganizacionais. Uma forma de enfrentar as mudanças ambientais é desenhar uma governança da cadeia de suprimentos (GCS) que equilibre os interesses das organizações e as decisões dos gestores. Entretanto, tradicionalmente a cadeia de suprimentos é estudada de uma perspectiva das operações, com o foco interfuncional ou intraorganizacional, sendo necessário aumentar o escopo dos estudos sobre o assunto, combinando com diferentes temas como a TI, considerada um aspecto importante na cadeia de suprimentos. Assim, o objetivo dessa tese é desenvolver um modelo para avaliar a influência dos investimentos em TI na GCS e o efeito da GCS no desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa com uma etapa qualitativa e outra quantitativa. Na etapa qualitativa foram realizados estudo de casos múltiplos em seis grandes empresas brasileiras e seus fornecedores. Foi possível identificar e explorar quais os principais elementos relacionados a cada um dos constructos propostos (investimentos em TI, governança contratual, governança relacional, governança transacional e desempenho da cadeia) e desenvolver um instrumento de pesquisa inicial. Na etapa quantitativa, primeiro foi realizado um estudo survey pré-teste com uma amostra pequena de grandes empresas para refinar o instrumento de pesquisa, que posteriormente foi aplicado em uma grande amostra de empresas brasileiras chamado de estudo completo. Então foi aplicado o questionário em mais de 120 empresas e 185 questionários válidos. A partir da aplicação de análises estatísticas, utilizando modelagem de equações estruturais, foi possível validar o modelo e analisar as hipóteses de pesquisa. Foi identificado que existe uma influência significativa entre os investimentos em TI nas concepções da GCS (contratual, relacional e transacional) e com a própria governança na cadeia. Assim, os investimentos em TI são realizados para monitorar, rastrear, compartilhar informações, integrar as atividades e reduzir os custos nas transações relacionadas com a GCS entre as empresas na cadeia. Além disso, foi identificado que existe um efeito positivo da GCS como um todo e da governança contratual, em um nível menor, no desempenho da cadeia no que diz respeito mais aos indicadores financeiros, como o retorno dos investimentos e retorno sobre as vendas. Percebe-se que as práticas da governança da cadeia influenciadas pelos investimentos em TI estão relacionadas positivamente com o desempenho da cadeia de forma ampla e composta. Os gestores devem analisar os fenômenos na cadeia de forma multidimensional e não aspectos isolados e de forma individual. O estudo apresenta avanços tanto teóricos, utilizando diferentes teorias para suportar as análises e relações na cadeia e combinar diferentes temas como investimentos em TI, GCS e desempenho da cadeia, como práticos por desenvolver e validar um modelo que permite aos executivos tomarem decisões melhores na cadeia de suprimentos por possibilitar uma análise e melhor compreensão das atividades e processos na cadeia.Information technology (IT) investments enable the creation, support and expansion of the competitive advantages of companies in the supply chain, which are considered critical to support interorganizational relationships. One way to face changes in business environmental is to design a governance supply chain (SCG) that balances the interests of organizations and the decisions of managers. However, the supply chain is traditionally studied with an operation perspective, with the focus being inter-functional or intra-organizational. It is thus necessary to increase the scope of the studies on the subject, combining different themes such as IT; which are considered an important aspect in the supply chain. The objective of this dissertation is to develop a model to evaluate the influence of IT investments in SCG and the effect of SCG on supply chain performance. For this purpose, a qualitative and a quantitative research were conducted. In the qualitative stage, multiple case studies were conducted in six large Brazilian companies and their suppliers. These studies made it possible to identify and explore which are the main elements related to each of the proposed constructs (IT investments, contractual governance, relational governance, transactional governance and supply chain performance) and develop an initial research instrument. In the quantitative phase, a pre-test survey was conducted with a small sample of large companies to refine the survey instrument to be applied on a large sample of Brazilian companies called completed study. The finalized questionnaire was then applied to more than 120 companies, resulting in 185 valid questionnaires. From the application of statistical analysis, using structural equation modeling, it was possible to validate the model and analyze the research hypotheses. It was identified that IT investments significantly influence SCG conceptions (contractual, relational and transactional) and the SCG itself. IT investments are undertaken to monitor, track, share information, integrate activities and reduce costs in transactions between companies related to SCG. Furthermore, it was identified that there is positive effect of SCG and the contractual governance, in a lower level, on the performance of supply chain with respect to more financial indicators such as return on investment and return on sales. Thus, it is clear that the practices of SCG influenced by IT investments are positively related with supply chain performance broadly and composed, in which managers must analyze phenomena in the supply with a multidimensional view; as opposed to an isolated and individual one. The study presents both theoretical advances - using different theories to support the analysis and relationships in the supply chain using different themes like IT investment, SCG and supply chain performance - and practical ones that develop and validate a model that allows managers to make better decisions in the supply chain by enabling enhanced analysis and a better understanding of the activities and processes in the supply chain.
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Chakroun, Kammoun Héla. "Gouvernance et efficience organisationnelle des réseaux de franchise." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIME004.
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La présente recherche propose un cadre intégrateur de la gouvernance des réseaux de franchise, mobilisant à la fois l'approche contractuelle et relationnelle. Elle cherche à examiner le degré de dépendance entre les mécanismes de gouvernance émanant de ces deux approches. L'étude empirique est mise en œuvre à travers une méthodologie de recherche à la fois qualitative et quantitative. L'étude qualitative nous a permis de développer des connaissances plus détaillées sur le fonctionnement des réseaux de franchise, de vérifier la véracité empirique de notre modèle conceptuel et de mettre au point notre questionnaire définitif. Les données recueillies auprès de 90 franchisés français, à l'aide d'une enquête électronique, ont fait l'objet d'une étude quantitative. Cette dernière nous a permis, dans un premier temps, de valider les échelles de mesures des variables latentes intégrées dans le modèle conceptuel, à travers une analyse exploratoire suivie d'une autre confirmatoire appliquant la Modélisation en Equations Structurelles (MES). La MES a été également mobilisée afin de confirmer, dans un second temps, la structure causale du modèle empirique. En termes de résultats, nous avons mis en évidence, du moins partiellement, l'existence de relations de dépendance entre les trois composantes de la gouvernance contractuelle à savoir : le système d'allocation des droits décisionnels, le système d'évaluation des performances et le système d'incitation. Plus particulièrement, les résultats statistiques confirment que le système d'incitation dépend significativement de l'allocation des droits décisionnels et du système d'évaluation des performances. S'agissant des relations de complémentarité entre la gouvernance contractuelle et la gouvernance relationnelle, les résultats statistiques semblent plus concluants en montrant que les normes relationnelles de la dyade franchiseur-franchisé, fondées sur la confiance, la coopération et l'harmonisation des conflits, dépendent significativement des trois mécanismes de la gouvernance contractuelle cités ci-dessus. Voulant affiner davantage notre analyse, cette recherche met également en évidence l'influence de cinq variables de contrôle sur la portée de certains mécanismes de gouvernance plus que d'autres. Pour conclure, cette recherche contribue, sur le plan théorique, à enrichir les travaux émergents sur le contrôle et la gouvernance des réseaux de franchise et, sur le plan professionnel, à fournir aux acteurs du commerce des éléments d'appréciation sur la capacité de la franchise à concilier contrôle, autonomie et normes relationnelle, ainsi que des recommandations aux franchiseurs afin de bien gérer leurs relations avec leurs franchisés et emporter leur adhésionThis research provides an integrating framework for the governance of franchising networks involving both contractual and relational approach. It seeks to examine the degree of dependence between the governance mechanisms from these two approaches. The empirical study is implemented through both qualitative and quantitative methodology. The qualitative study, allowed us to develop more detailed operational knowledge of franchising networks, to check the empirical veracity of our conceptual model and to finalize our questionnaire for the quantitative study. The electronic survey data collected from 90 French franchisees have been the subject of the quantitative study. This later allowed us, firstly, to validate the measurement scales of latent variables included in the conceptual model, through an exploratory analysis followed by a confirmatory one applying the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The SEM was also leveraged to confirm, in a second step, the causal structure of the empirical model. In terms of results, we have highlighted, at least partially, the dependency between all three components of the contractual governance, namely: the allocation of decision rights system, performance measurement system and incentive system. In particular, statistical results confirm that the incentive system depends significantly on the allocation of decision rights and performance measurement system. Regarding complementarities between contractual and relational governance, statistical results seem to be more conclusive by showing that the relational norms of the franchisor-franchisee dyad, based on trust, cooperation and harmonization of conflict, depend significantly on the three contractual governance mechanisms cited above. Wishing to further refine our analysis, this research also highlights the influence of five control variables on the scope of certain governance mechanisms more than others. In conclusion, the contributions of this research are related, on the theoretical level, to the enrichment of the emerging work on control and governance of franchising networks, and on the professional level, to providing trade players with evidence on the ability of franchising to reconcile control, autonomy and relational norms, as well as recommendations to franchisors in order to manage effectively their relationships with their franchisees and gain their support
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Assunção, Maria Luíza Santana. "ANÁLISE JUDICIAL DA REVISÃO CONTRATUAL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2012. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2638.
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-20This paper conducted an exploratory study on the issue of judicial review of the contracts, using several authors, the law and jurisprudence to solve the social problem in the legal universe, based on the legal and economic theories on this theme. Using the methods dialectical and historical-comparative study addressed the evolution of jurisprudential understandings that underpin judicial decisions in this case, combined with the investigation of the phenomena that take place at the heart of society. It started from the assumption that the trials of the chores that involve issues relating to contracts should be based both on the disposal of the Civil Code on the subject, as in devices placed by the Consumer Protection Code, the dialogue occurring sources, under penalty of not achieving the desired social justice. The research carried out in the legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence, as well as practical reasoning and critical analysis on the subject concluded that the judiciary can and should analyze the judicial review in this case, aiming to contractual justice.
Esta dissertação realizou um estudo exploratório sobre a problemática da revisão judicial dos contratos, recorrendo a vários autores, à lei e à jurisprudência para a solução do problema no universo jurídico social, baseando-se nas várias teorias jurídicas e econômicas existentes sobre o tema. Utilizando os métodos dialético e histórico-comparativo, o estudo abordou a evolução dos entendimentos jurisprudenciais que embasam as decisões judiciais no caso concreto, cumulado com a investigação dos fenômenos que se processam no cerne da sociedade. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que os julgamentos das lides que envolvem questões relativas a contratos devem ser baseados tanto no que dispõe o Código Civil sobre o tema, quanto nos dispositivos apostos pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor, ocorrendo o diálogo das fontes, sob pena de não se concretizar a justiça social almejada. A pesquisa realizada na legislação, doutrina e jurisprudência, bem como o raciocínio prático e análise crítica sobre o assunto permitiram concluir que o Poder Judiciário pode e deve analisar a revisão judicial no caso concreto, visando à justiça contratual.
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Bonhoure, Emilie. "Paris-Listed Firms at the Turn of the 20th Century : Did Modern Corporate Finance Theories Already Work?" Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU10002.
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Dans cette thèse, nous nous proposons d’examiner plusieurs théories modernes de financed’entreprise. L’objectif est d’étudier les résultats suggérés par les études récentes sur des sujets tels que les politiques de dividendes, les problèmes d’agence, ou encore le financement des entreprises, et testés sur des organisations modernes. Dans cette optique, nous étudions plus particulièrement les firmes qui étaient cotées à Paris au début du XXème siècle.Tout d’abord, nous avons concentré cette étude sur le contexte général de la théorie d’agence, et tenté d’examiner si ce modèle pouvait être appliqué aux firmes de la période précédant la première guerre mondiale. Nous montrons ainsi que c’était le cas. Certains éléments mis en lumière par des études récentes sur ces firmes montrent que ce qui est aujourd’hui appelé « problèmes d’agence » constituait déjà un risque majeur pour elles. De surcroît, les écrits contemporains de ces entreprises du début du XXème siècle ou avant avaient parfaitement identifié ces problèmes comme étant majeurs pour elles mais aussi pour les investisseurs potentiels prêts à participer à leur financement. Dans ce contexte général d’asymétrie d’information et des « problèmes d’agence » potentiellement sévères en résultant, nous nous interrogeons également sur le financement de l’innovation et donc sur la contribution des marchés financiers à leur croissance. Nous montrons que les firmes innovantes de l’époque (soit les firmes de la 2nde Révolution Industrielle) bénéficiaient d’un soutien mitigé de la part des marchés-actions parisiens. Si l’on mesure ce soutien potentiel par le Q de Tobin, ces entreprises de la 2nde RI bénéficiaient de conditions avantageuses quant à leur financement. Au contraire, s’il est mesuré par le taux de dividende, ce soutien est beaucoup moins clair.Les entreprises ayant déjà trouvé un financement devaient ensuite rémunérer leurs actionnaires : elles devaient en particulier leur distribuer des dividendes. Les dernières parties de cette thèse étudient ainsi les politiques de dividendes mises en place par les firmes de la place de Paris au début du XXème siècle. Nous étudions d’abord les politiques de dividendes effectivement mises en place et montrons que ces dividendes étaient payés dans le but de diminuer les coûts d’agence, et en particulier dans le but de réduire les coûts de speculative monitoring. Dans un deuxième temps, nous comparons ces politiques réelles à celles fixées dans le cadre d’une règle statutaire de distribution des profits, qui déterminait l’allocation d’un certain montant de ces profits aux actionnaires. Cette comparaison pourrait permettre d’estimer si et à quel point ceux qui « contrôlaient » la firme suivaient strictement cette règle, et s’ils n’utilisaient pas les exceptions possibles à celle-ci pour en extraire des bénéfices privés au détriment des actionnaires extérieurs et minoritaires. Nous montrons qu’ils allouaient une part des profits cohérente avec celle qui était attendue en moyenne par tous les actionnaires. Si plusieurs interprétations de ce phénomène sont possibles, une explication pourrait résider dans le fait que la règle statutaire constituait un bon moyen de limiter les conflits entre ceux des actionnaires qui contrôlaient la firme et les autresThis thesis offers to explore several modern corporate finance theories in a historical context. The rationale behind is to assess whether the findings recently suggested about topics like corporate dividend policies, agency issues, or firm financing, and tested on very modern corporations could be applicable to an earlier and different context. To do so, we examine the companies listed on Paris stock markets at the turn of the 20th century.First focusing on the general agency framework, we examine whether this model could be atplay within pre-WWI companies. We do find that this was the case. Specific features highlighted by recent studies about earlier corporations indeed provide support for the fact that the today-called “agency” issues were already critical to them. Further, contemporary authors did identify these issues as particularly salient for companies but also for the investors potentially willing to participate in their emergence. In this general context of high asymmetry of information and of resulting critical “agency” conflicts, the financing of innovation and thus the contribution of financial markets to growth are questioned. In particular, we show that the innovative firms of the time (the ones operating in 2nd-IR sectors) benefitted from a mixed support from Paris stock markets. Measuring potential favourable financing conditions by a higher Tobin’s Q, we find that 2nd-IR companies did benefit from a sort of help from these markets in financing their growth. On the contrary, measuring it by the dividend yield provides a less clear result.The firms already financed had to compensate their shareholders for the risk they took. They thus had to pay dividends out. The last parts of this thesis examine the dividend policies implemented by Paris-listed firms at the turn of the 20th century. Focusing first on the ones actually implemented, we provide further support for the agency explanation of dividends, notably showing that these dividends were mostly paid to decrease one specific type of agency costs, speculative monitoring ones. Second, we compare these actual payout policies with the ones fixed in a statutory rule of profit allocation, which committed to the distribution of a certain percentage of profits to shareholders. Doing so could help to assess whether firm controllers strictly followed this statutory rule and did not take advantage of the potential and allowed deviations from it to extract as many benefits as they could at the expense of outsiders and minority shareholders. We show that they did allocate a percentage of profits consistent with the one expected in average by all shareholders. Although several interpretations could be made of this result, it could be explained by the fact the statutory rule was a good way to mitigate conflicts between firm controllers and outsiders
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Turnbull, Shann. "The governance of firms controlled by more than one board theory, development and examples /." Doctoral thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/573.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University. Macquarie Graduate School of Management.Bibliography: p. 286-324.
The contribution of this thesis is to present a framework to analyse firms controlled by more than one board. The literature survey of Chapter 2 revealed that there is little recognition of this phenomenon and no accepted way to investigate firms governed by multiple control centres described as a "compound board". The framework is developed in Chapter 3. The historical emergence of compound boards is outlined in Chapter 4 with examples of their architecture described in Chapters 5 and 6. Chapter 7 shows how the framework provides insights not available from other theories of the firm and how selfyes governance can be furthered by utilising contrary human attributes of competition/co-operation, trust/suspicion and self-interest/altruism.
The framework is described as transaction byte analysis (TBA) as it is based on the limited and inconsistent ability of humans to transact units of information described as "bytes". TBA identifies cybernetic principles and strategies that can mitigate human limitations in processing bytes. These provide organisational design criteria for firms to obtain operating advantages. As information is a common element in varies theories of the firm, TBA relates and subsumes them while allowing any type of organisation to be analysed.
Propositions are presented in Chapter 7 for illustrating how TBA provides insights into explaining: (i) why non-trivial employee owned industrial firms have more than one board; (ii) why self-regulation and self-governance of non-trivial firms cannot be assured without a compound board; (iii) how compound boards can simplify the role, knowledge, duties and liabilities of directors; (iv) the competitive advantages of appropriate compound boards in relation to unitary control systems; (v) how to compare and evaluate the relative advantages and disadvantages of firms with different ownership and control structures; (vi) how to compare the relative efficacy of hierarchical and non-hierarchical firms be they in the private or public sector.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Dunnagan, Monica Lynn. "Work Group Composition Effects on Leadership Styles in Aircraft Manufacturing Organizations." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/40.
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32
Kutay, Riza Acar. "A Critical Assessment Of The European Commission." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613727/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation engages in a critical analysis of the involvement of the Brusselsbased European NGOs in European governance. It conducts a survey on the European Commission&rsquos relevant initiatives after the 1990s and interrogates the implications of these initiatives on one of the prominent European NGO network, the Social Platform of European NGOs. The common understanding conceives of these organizations as conducive to democratization of EU governance within the scope of participatory democracy. However, I endeavour to argue that the Commission has had an aim to make use of the civil society discourse for its institutional interests, while intentionally and unintentionally shaping (and reshaping) civic action in Europe. Participatory democracy project, which is promoted by the Commission, can be seen as a deliberate venture of shaping civic action and state-society relationships in Europe. With respect to this goal, it has encouraged the Social Platform to act like its interlocutor vis-à
-vis the NGO community organised both at national and European level. Deriving from the Foucaultian concept of governmentality, I inquiry into the effects of this discourse on the Social Platform, which has been particularly created by the Commission to disperse the participatory democracy and good governance discourse in Europe.
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SCAGLIA, GABRIELE. "AUTONOMIA PRIVATA E GOVERNANCE NEL GRUPPO BANCARIO COOPERATIVO TRA RAGIONI DI SPECIALITA' E PRINCIPI DI DIRITTO COMUNE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/50306.
Full textAbstract:
La tesi di dottorato si occupa della riforma delle banche di credito cooperativo introdotta col D.l. n. 18/2016, conv. in l. n. 49/2016 (cfr. artt. 37-bis ss. t.u.b.), e mira al raggiungimento di tre obiettivi: individuare gli spazi riconosciuti all’autonomia negoziale e/o operativa nell’ambito dei gruppi bancari cooperativi cui, oggi, devono necessariamente aderire le b.c.c. per mantenere la forma della cooperativa bancaria; individuare le peculiarità del g.b.c. – caratterizzato dalla presenza di una s.p.a. capogruppo che controlla le b.c.c. attraverso un contratto “di coesione” e il cui capitale è partecipato in misura maggioritaria dalle medesime controllate – in rapporto alle figure più generali del gruppo “bancario” e del gruppo “comune” di cui agli artt. 2497 ss. c.c.; capire se le suddette peculiarità siano espressive di statuti eccezionali fondati sulle speciali esigenze del settore creditizio, in cui le bcc si trovano ad operare, o se, piuttosto, possano evocare principi già rinvenibili nel diritto comune dei gruppi di società.
Il lavoro si divide in tre capitoli: il primo capitolo si occupa delle ragioni alla base della riforma delle bcc; il secondo capitolo si occupa dei confini dell'autonomia privata nell'ambito dei gruppi (principalmente contrattuali) "comuni" e "bancari"; il terzo capitolo, infine, si occupa delle differenze tra gruppi bancari (e comuni) e gruppo bancario cooperativo.
Nel tentativo di comprendere i riflessi sistematici dell’istituto di recente introduzione e di colmare le fratture tra diritto comune e diritto bancario, il presente lavoro si contrappone a quegli studi e contributi attraverso i quali, al di là delle classificazioni nominalistiche, sono state proposte soluzioni interpretative volte a riconoscere, sempre o nei soli casi di perseguimento di finalità prudenziali, un potere (anche in parte) sottratto ai principi di diritto comune, tale da ridurre le b.c.c. a "meri sportelli bancari della capogruppo".This Phd thesis deals with the italian reform of the Cooperative Credit Banks, introduced by the D.l. n. 18/2016 (see article 37-bis of the T.U.B.). In an effort to understand the systematic symptoms of the Cooperative Banking Groups and to bridge the fractures between common law and banking law, the research aims three goals. First, identify the space of contractual and operational autonomy within the Cooperative Banking Groups to which, today, the CCB must necessarily adhere to maintain the form of cooperative banks. Second, identify the peculiarities of the CBG - characterized by the presence of a lucrative bank group leader who controls CCB through a "cohesion" contract, whose majority of capital is participated by the same subsidiaries - in relation to the disciplines of the "banking" and "common" groups. Third, understand whether the aforementioned peculiarities are an expression of exceptional statutes based on the special needs of the credit sector or if they rather evoke principles already found in the common law of the group companies. The work is divided in three chapters: the first chapter deals with the reasons behind the reform of the CCB; the second chapter deals with the boundaries of private autonomy within the "common" and "banking" group (mainly contractual) laws; the third chapter, finally, deals with the differences between banking groups and cooperative banking groups. The present work is opposed to certain studies that reckon to the group leader of the CBG a nearly ilimited power, always or only in cases of pursuit of prudential purposes, to controll the subsidaries, even if on prejudice of the subsidiaries’ creditors and shareholders, risking to convert them into "mere branches of the parent company".
34
SCAGLIA, GABRIELE. "AUTONOMIA PRIVATA E GOVERNANCE NEL GRUPPO BANCARIO COOPERATIVO TRA RAGIONI DI SPECIALITA' E PRINCIPI DI DIRITTO COMUNE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/50306.
Full textAbstract:
La tesi di dottorato si occupa della riforma delle banche di credito cooperativo introdotta col D.l. n. 18/2016, conv. in l. n. 49/2016 (cfr. artt. 37-bis ss. t.u.b.), e mira al raggiungimento di tre obiettivi: individuare gli spazi riconosciuti all’autonomia negoziale e/o operativa nell’ambito dei gruppi bancari cooperativi cui, oggi, devono necessariamente aderire le b.c.c. per mantenere la forma della cooperativa bancaria; individuare le peculiarità del g.b.c. – caratterizzato dalla presenza di una s.p.a. capogruppo che controlla le b.c.c. attraverso un contratto “di coesione” e il cui capitale è partecipato in misura maggioritaria dalle medesime controllate – in rapporto alle figure più generali del gruppo “bancario” e del gruppo “comune” di cui agli artt. 2497 ss. c.c.; capire se le suddette peculiarità siano espressive di statuti eccezionali fondati sulle speciali esigenze del settore creditizio, in cui le bcc si trovano ad operare, o se, piuttosto, possano evocare principi già rinvenibili nel diritto comune dei gruppi di società.
Il lavoro si divide in tre capitoli: il primo capitolo si occupa delle ragioni alla base della riforma delle bcc; il secondo capitolo si occupa dei confini dell'autonomia privata nell'ambito dei gruppi (principalmente contrattuali) "comuni" e "bancari"; il terzo capitolo, infine, si occupa delle differenze tra gruppi bancari (e comuni) e gruppo bancario cooperativo.
Nel tentativo di comprendere i riflessi sistematici dell’istituto di recente introduzione e di colmare le fratture tra diritto comune e diritto bancario, il presente lavoro si contrappone a quegli studi e contributi attraverso i quali, al di là delle classificazioni nominalistiche, sono state proposte soluzioni interpretative volte a riconoscere, sempre o nei soli casi di perseguimento di finalità prudenziali, un potere (anche in parte) sottratto ai principi di diritto comune, tale da ridurre le b.c.c. a "meri sportelli bancari della capogruppo".This Phd thesis deals with the italian reform of the Cooperative Credit Banks, introduced by the D.l. n. 18/2016 (see article 37-bis of the T.U.B.). In an effort to understand the systematic symptoms of the Cooperative Banking Groups and to bridge the fractures between common law and banking law, the research aims three goals. First, identify the space of contractual and operational autonomy within the Cooperative Banking Groups to which, today, the CCB must necessarily adhere to maintain the form of cooperative banks. Second, identify the peculiarities of the CBG - characterized by the presence of a lucrative bank group leader who controls CCB through a "cohesion" contract, whose majority of capital is participated by the same subsidiaries - in relation to the disciplines of the "banking" and "common" groups. Third, understand whether the aforementioned peculiarities are an expression of exceptional statutes based on the special needs of the credit sector or if they rather evoke principles already found in the common law of the group companies. The work is divided in three chapters: the first chapter deals with the reasons behind the reform of the CCB; the second chapter deals with the boundaries of private autonomy within the "common" and "banking" group (mainly contractual) laws; the third chapter, finally, deals with the differences between banking groups and cooperative banking groups. The present work is opposed to certain studies that reckon to the group leader of the CBG a nearly ilimited power, always or only in cases of pursuit of prudential purposes, to controll the subsidaries, even if on prejudice of the subsidiaries’ creditors and shareholders, risking to convert them into "mere branches of the parent company".
35
Roux, Guilhem. "Les théories modernes de la justice face au défi du développement durable : un essai de philosophie économique." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10055/document.
Full textAbstract:
Trois modèles de gouvernance dominent actuellement la recherche consacrée aux politiques environnementales : un modèle libéral, qui se fonde sur les capacités autorégulatrices du marché et les vertus d'innovations techniques du régime de la libre-entreprise ; un modèle utilitariste, qui repose sur le calcul économique d'un planificateur central, intervenant par des taxes et des quotas pour corriger les défaillances de marché ; un dernier modèle enfin de démocratie délibérative, qui s'appuie sur les capacités de gestion commune des ressources par les populations, par le biais de mécanismes de délibération. Ont été ainsi principalement appliquées jusqu'à présent à la question écologique les théories de la justice (le libéralisme, l'utilitarisme et la démocratie délibérative) et les solutions institutionnelles (le marché, l'administration, le forum) héritées des Lumières. Cet ouvrage se propose d'examiner si ces modèles modernes de gouvernance sont vraiment adaptés à la spécificité du défi du développement durable. En retrouvant les axiomes fondateurs de chacun de ces modes de gouvernance, pour les confronter ensuite aux problèmes spécifiques soulevés par la question écologique, il démontre que les paradigmes politiques modernes s'avèrent peu adaptés aux dimensions spécifiques introduites par la problématique du développement durable, à savoir la préservation de l'environnement naturel et le souci des générations futures, dans un contexte d'économie industrielle mondialisée. Ce travail conduit alors à mettre en lumière les points fondamentaux d'achoppement concernant l'efficacité potentielle des stratégies de gouvernance imaginées jusqu'à présent en se référant à ces doctrines et prépare la voie à des modèles alternatifs de gouvernanceThree models of governance are actually dominating the contemporary research devoted to the environmental policies: a liberal model, which is founded on the auto regulatory processes of the market and the capacities of technical progress fostered by the regime of free enterprise ; an utilitarian model, which is based on the economic calculation of a social engineer, intervening on markets by enforcing taxes and quotas; a deliberative democracy model, which lies on the ability of common pool management by the populations, using deliberative mechanisms. Thus, what have been applied by now to the ecological stake are the theories of justice (liberalism, utilitarianism and deliberative democracy) and the institutions framework (the market, the central administration, the forum), coming for the Enlightenments. This works propose to examine if these models of governance are really adapted to the peculiarity of the sustainable development objective. We have first restored the fundamental axioms of these technics of government, in order to confront them, in a second time, to the specific problems raised by the ecological crisis. We show that those political paradigms have great difficulties to integrate the particular dimensions of sustainability, that is the preservation of the natural environment, the equity toward future generations, in our present context of a global industrial economy. This thesis exhibit the main concrete obstacle to the efficiency of the strategies of governance imagined so far and prepare us to create ones
36
Bileišis, Mantas. "Institucinis Vyriausybės veiklos aspektas Lietuvos viešajame valdyme." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120918_114310-16660.
Full textAbstract:
Viešojo administravimo disciplinoje egzistuoja didelė teorinių viešojo valdymo modelių įvairovė, kuri, atrodo, nuolatos didėja. Tuo pačiu disciplinai trūksta meta‑teorijos kuri leistų nustatyti šių modelių santykį. Tai apsunkina sisteminių tyrimų viešajame administravime plėtrą. Disertacijoje atliekama dažniausiai sutinkamų literatūroje teorinių viešojo valdymo modelių tarpusavio santykių analizė ir remiantis šios analizės rezultatais tiriamas Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės vaidmuo Lietuvos viešojo valdymo formavimesi ir raidoje.The discipline of Public Administration is marked with an ever growing increase in theoretical models of governance. However, this theoretical proliferation is not matched by a meta‑theory that would allow building an understanding of the interrelation of these models. The dissertation provides an in‑depth analysis of selected theoretical models which is used as a basis of researching the role of the Government of Lithuania in the formation and development of Lithuanian public governance.
37
Silva, Leonardo Toledo da. "Contratos de aliança: direito empresarial e ambiente cooperativo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-07122015-164033/.
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A presente tese realiza uma análise interdisciplinar dos contratos de aliança, arranjos colaborativos desenvolvidos a partir do início da década de 90, cujo objetivo é a implantação de projetos complexos industriais e de infraestrutura. Este trabalho investiga a percepção do autor de que o modelo proposto pelos contratos de aliança, em regra, promove um esvaziamento voluntário da função do contrato como ferramenta de aplicação, ainda que potencial, de sanções a comportamentos culposos, justamente com o fim de não prejudicar a construção natural de uma relação cooperativa. Busca-se ainda compreender a função desempenhada pelo contrato e pelo direito contratual, nesse contexto colaborativo, e qual a relação entre os mecanismos formais e informais de garantia de cumprimento contratual. Sustenta-se que, nesse universo, o aparato formal do contrato auxilia as ferramentas informais de enforcement, fornecendo o arcabouço de troca de informações essencial à criação endógena de confiança. Ademais, a fim de não prejudicar o ambiente cooperativo, sustenta-se a aplicação de sanções contratuais formais somente em situações excepcionais, geralmente caracterizadas pelo elemento de quebra de confiança. Sugere-se, ao longo da tese, que uma abordagem processual de regulação do contrato a qual permite sanção de comportamentos que descumpram o procedimento contratual acordado seria mais adequada do que uma abordagem estritamente substantiva que proteja a relação inicial de troca. Ao final, amparada pelas percepções construídas ao longo da pesquisa, é realizada uma reflexão jurídico-dogmática, na qual, após a contextualização jurídica dos contratos de aliança, lhes são sugeridas interpretações de aplicação de conceitos da teoria obrigacional, e de ferramentas de organização de interesses intracontratuais, como a boa-fé, o conflito de interesses e os deveres fiduciários.This thesis conducts an interdisciplinary analysis of project alliancing, collaborative arrangements developed as of the beginning of the 90s, whose goal is the implementation of complex industrial and infrastructure projects. This work investigates the perception of the author that the model proposed by alliance contracts, in general, promotes a voluntary emptying of the role of the contract in punishing, even potentially, unintentional contractual defaults, as a means of not harming the natural construction of a cooperative relation. The work seeks to understand the role played by the contract and the contractual law, in such collaborative environment, and what is the relation between formal and informal mechanisms of contractual enforcement. It argues that, in this universe, formal contractual apparatus supports informal contractual enforcement mechanisms, providing a governance framework that allows information exchange, which is essential to the endogenous creation of trust. Moreover, in order not to jeopardize the cooperative environment, this thesis suggests the suitability of formal contractual punishment only in exceptional circumstances, often characterized by the breach of trust. It is suggested, along the thesis, that a procedural approach of contract regulation which allows punishment of behaviors that deviates from agreed contractual procedures may be more suitable than a strictly substantive approach that protects the initial exchange relation. At the end, supported by the perceptions constructed along the research, some legal-dogmatic considerations are made, in which, after legally qualifying the alliance contracts, it is suggested to it some applicative interpretations of concepts of obligational theory, and organizational tools of intracontractual interests, such as good faith, conflicts of interest and fiduciary duties.
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Foufas, Nikolaos. "Le concept d’aliénation de Rousseau à Marx : continuités et transformations." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100103/document.
Full textAbstract:
La présente étude s’interroge sur le concept d’aliénation, et plus spécifiquement sur sa genèse, son déploiement, son histoire particulière, ses configurations complexes, ses multiples transformations. Trois auteurs sont privilégiés : Rousseau, Hegel, Marx. La tentative d’examiner la notion d’aliénation dans sa forme rousseauiste, hégélienne et jeune-marxienne, a comme point de départ la critique d’Althusser selon laquelle ce concept relèverait d’une vision abstraite, métaphysique, de l’histoire et de l’activité des agents humains. D’après Althusser, l’aliénation est en effet l’expression humaniste d’une philosophie du retour aux origines et de la réunion avec une essence humaine qui se serait perdue. La philosophie de l'aliénation contractuelle (comme fondement de l’institution d’une communauté politique chez Rousseau), la mise en question de la positivité historique dans les écrits du jeune Hegel, et finalement la critique du travail aliéné forgée par le jeune Marx dans ses Manuscrits de 1844, ne seraient-elles toutes au fond que des variations autour d’une même conception essentialiste de l’histoire humaine ? S'écartant d'une telle disqualification indifférenciée, la thèse se propose de mettre en valeur la réflexion originale et singulière que chacun de ces trois auteurs élabore au sujet de l’aliénation, tout en essayant de mettre en lumière ce qu’ils partagent, malgré leurs différences. Car en parlant d'aliénation, il s'agit toujours d'interroger la perte mutilante d’un rapport à soi, à autrui et au monde socialement induite. Et il s'agit toujours aussi de concevoir des conditions historiques jugées dégradantes que l'on doit pouvoir dépasser. En d’autres termes, ce travail se propose de montrer non seulement que l’aliénation ne se réduit pas à une notion abstraite et naïvement humaniste, mais qu’elle forme également un repère incontournable, dès lors qu’elle prend au sérieux la tâche de penser l’impossibilité, pour certains groupes ou certaines classes sociales, de se réaliser et de s'épanouir, sur fond d'une privation durable de ce que peuvent apporter des rapports à soi, aux autres et au monde suffisamment riches et variésThis study examines the concept of alienation, and focuses more specifically on its genesis, its deployment, its particular history, its complex configurations, its multiple transformations. Three authors are highlighted: Rousseau, Hegel, Marx. The attempt to examine the concept of alienation in the forms that Rousseau, Hegel and the young Marx give it, has as its starting point the criticism of Althusser according to whom this concept rises from an abstract, metaphysical vision of history and from the activity of human agents. According to Althusser, alienation is indeed the humanistic expression of a philosophy of the return to the origins and of a reunion with a human essence that might have been lost. The philosophy of contractual alienation (as the basis for the institution of a political community in Rousseau), the questioning of the historical positivity in the writings of the young Hegel, and finally the critique of alienated labor forged by the young Marx in his Manuscripts of 1844, would they basically all be variations around the same essentialist conception of human history? Diverging from such an undifferentiated disqualification, the thesis proposes to develop the original and singular reflection that each one of these three authors is developing on the subject of alienation, while trying to highlight what they share, despite their differences. Because, speaking of alienation, is always here to question the socially induced mutilating loss of a relation to oneself, to others and to the world. And it is also always a subject to conceive historical conditions considered degrading that must be overcome. In other words, this study intends to not only show that alienation cannot be reduced to an abstract and naively humanist concept, but that it also forms a key benchmark, since it takes seriously the task of thinking of the impossibility for certain groups or certain social classes to achieve self-realization and thrive, amid a sustained deprivation of what can be provided by sufficiently rich and varied relations to oneself, to others and to the world
39
Keizer, Arjan B. "The changing logic of Japanese employment practices: A firm-level analysis of four industries." Thesis, Erasmus University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3727.
Full textAbstract:
YesIn previous decades, the perception of Japan¿s employment practices has been strongly intertwined with its economic fortunes. From the 1970s, Japan¿s employment practices came to be seen as one of the cornerstones of its economic success. However, this perception changed, albeit with a substantial delay, when the economy proved incapable of returning to its former path of growth after the `bubble¿ burst at the end of the 1980s. Like so many of its economic institutions, the employment practices became the subject of substantial criticism in a debate on the revitalisation of Japan¿s economy. This study takes its position within this debate by discussing the likelihood, character, and economic consequences of change. Environmental changes, like the ageing of the population and the substantial decrease in economic growth, require Japanese firms to adapt their human resource management. However, the embeddedness of national practices limits the scope of firms to make these adjustments; and change is determined by the dialectics between their strategies and existing practices. The firm, as an institution, thus experiences the impact of both the embedded employment practices and the economic impact of environmental changes. Accordingly, it is at the centre of this study. Theories of the firm are used to discuss the contribution of employment practices on efficiency, capabilities, and competitive strength. Case-studies from four different industries ¿ automobile, electronics, construction, and retailing ¿ describe the adaptations made by individual firms. Subsequently, these findings constitute the basis for a discussion of industry-specific employment practices and provide an answer to whether developments such as the rise in performance-based pay and labour mobility have altered the logic of Japanese employment practices.
40
Burkhardt, Kirsten. "Le rôle des sociétés de capital-investissement dans la formation d'alliances stratégiques." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOE009/document.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail analyse le rôle des sociétés de capital-investissement dans la formation d’alliances stratégiques sur le marché français du capital-investissement. Après nous être fait une idée de l’importance du phénomène à l’aide des informations nouvelles que nous avons générées par notre propre enquête, nous apportons une explication au phénomène observé. L’analyse théorique se fait sous l’angle de la création de valeur actionnariale, en recourant conjointement aux théories contractuelles et cognitives. Les théories sociologiques des réseaux viennent compléter les principaux arguments de ces deux cadres théoriques. Le modèle explicatif qui en découle est ensuite mis à l’épreuve empirique à l’aide d’une étude multi-méthodes à visée infirmationniste, combinant une analyse économétrique et une étude de cas multiples. Nos résultats permettent de conclure que les sociétés françaises de capital-investissement jouent un rôle tant intentionnel que non intentionnel dans la formation d’alliances stratégiques pour leurs participations. Ces rôles mettent en avant une intervention tant passive qu’active des sociétés françaises de capital-investissement. Bien que l’argumentation cognitive trouve, dans son ensemble, plus de support que l’argumentation contractuelle, l’analyse fait ressortir l’intérêt de recourir à une utilisation conjointe des théories contractuelles et cognitives qui se révèlent complémentairesThis research analyses the role of Private Equity firms in the formation of strategic alliances within the field of the French Private Equity market. We start to provide evidence of its importance from new survey information, before offering an explanation of the organizational phenomenon. The study addresses the questions of how and why Private Equity firms act as relational intermediaries to help their portfolio companies form alliances. Both questions are investigated in the light of the Private Equity firms’ contribution to the value creation process that comes with alliance formation. Answers are provided by means of three jointly used theoretical frameworks: (1) mainstream theories (transaction cost theory and the positive theory of agency); (2) the knowledge based view; and 3) social network theories to complement the resulting from jointly use of the previous two theories. The theoretical construct is then tested empirically by means of a multi-method study with explanatory design, based on the pattern of joint evidence from both statistical tests and a multiple case study. Results show that French Private Equity firms do play a role in alliance formation. This role can be intentional as well as non-intentional. Furthermore, although arguments from the knowledge-based perspective finds more support in explaining this behavior than from the mainstream theories, our study highlights the benefits of the joint use of these theories and the complementary nature of them to better explaining the phenomenon as a whole
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Jaubert, Guillaume. "L’invention de la gouvernance managériale des associations-gestionnaires du secteur du handicap : une approche sociohistorique de la construction d’un modèle institutionnel." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30084/document.
Full textAbstract:
La thèse a pour but de décrire, dans une perspective sociohistorique, la construction du modèle institutionnel de la grande association-gestionnaire du secteur du handicap. La problématique de la thèse consiste à rendre compte de la genèse et de la stabilisation de la gouvernance de ces associations.Les associations-gestionnaires sont présentées comme des formes d’action collective qui hésitent entre l’idéaltype de l’association et celui de l’entreprise. Deux corpus théoriques concurrents et antagonistes se disputent la légitimité de rendre compte des problèmes de gouvernance. Les théories de l’économie sociale et solidaire considèrent l’association comme un système de gouvernance spécifique opposé à celui de l’entreprise. Pour cette théorie, la gouvernance associative a pour fonction de protéger les associations des logiques économiques et managériales susceptibles de détruire la spécificité des associations. Le second corpus des théories de la gouvernance s’intéresse en priorité à l’entreprise et considère que seules les organisations aux systèmes de gouvernance les plus efficients perdurent. Au regard de ces deux corpus, la thèse a pour objectif de rendre compte de l’émergence de la gouvernance managériale des grandes associations-gestionnaires du secteur du handicap.Du point de vue de la méthode, la thèse s’appuie sur l’étude approfondie de deux études de cas longitudinales. Les cas sélectionnés sont deux grandes associations-gestionnaires - l’ADAPEI du Rhône et l’OVE – l’une et l’autre de grande taille (budgets annuels de l’ordre de 100 ME et regroupant chacune environ 1 500 professionnels). La méthode d’analyse utilisée est celle des « monographies historiques », comportant plusieurs phases : (1) analyse des archives (environ 1 000 pages de notes sur archives), (2) entretiens semi-directifs avec les acteurs internes (43 entretiens semi-directifs, (3) entretiens complémentaires avec les partenaires (55 entretiens semi-directifs avec les pouvoirs publics, d’autres associations, etc.).Ce travail de thèse remet en question la pertinence des thèses de l’économie sociale et solidaire sur la gouvernance associative. Quelles que soient les valeurs originelles défendues par les associations étudiées, ces dernières réalisent leurs projets associatifs en militant pour la création et la gestion d’établissements de prise en charge des personnes handicapées et participent activement à la construction d’un secteur économique à part entière.Les processus de structuration et de professionnalisation du management sont engagés en interne par les instances militantes des associations, lesquels introduisent les premiers outils de gestion. Les directions générales formalisent progressivement la gouvernance des associations et participent à renforcer et à réaffirmer les projets associatifs. L’instauration de principes de gouvernance permet de lutter contre l’appropriation du pouvoir par un petit groupe de bénévoles et de mettre en œuvre une gouvernance cognitive favorisant les débats entre dirigeants autour des grandes orientations stratégiques.L’étude historique de la gouvernance des associations-gestionnaires rompt avec l’opposition défendue par l’économie sociale et solidaire entre un premier « âge d’or » reposant sur une solidarité « héroïque » de quelques militants, et le temps de l’efficience où les associations sont considérées comme de simples organisations économiques sans âme et sans moraleThe purpose of this thesis is to describe, from a sociohistorical perspective, the development of the institutional model of the large managing association in the disability sector. The thesis statement is to report on the origin and stabilisation of the governance in these entities.Managing associations are often depicted as sorts of collective actions hesitating between the ideal model of the association and the ideal model of the enterprise. Two competing and antagonistic theoretical corpora are fighting over the legitimacy of governance issues analysis. The theories of social and solidarity economy regard the association as a specific governance system in contradiction with the corporate one. According to these theories, associative governance aims to protect associations from economic and managerial approaches likely to destroy their specific character. The second corpus of governance theories, primarily focused on the enterprise, considers that the organisations with the most efficient governance systems are the only lasting ones. In the light of these two corpora, the thesis aims to report on the emergence of managerial governance in large managing associations in the disability sector.As regards the method, the thesis is based on a comprehensive analysis of two longitudinal case studies. Two managing associations – the ADAPEI du Rhône and the OVE – both of large size (annual budgets in the range of EUR 100m and gathering each about 150 professionals) – were chosen for the case studies. The analytical method, based on “historical monographs”, included several phases: (1) archive analysis (about 1,000 pages of notes on these archives); (2) semi-structured interviews conducted with internal stakeholders (43 semi-structured interviews); and (3) additional interviews conducted with partners (55 semi-structured interviews with public authorities, other associations, etc.).This thesis calls into question the relevance of the theories of social and solidarity economy when it comes to associative governance. Regardless of the original values promoted by the studied organisations, these achieve their associative projects by advocating for the establishment and management of care facilities for people with disabilities, and they actively participate in the development of a full-fledged economic sector.Management structuring and professionalization processes, deployed internally by the entities’ activist authorities, introduce the first management tools. Managing directors, who gradually formalise the governance of the associations, contribute to the strengthening and reaffirmation of associative projects. The implementation of governance principles offers better protection against the appropriation of power by a small group of volunteers, and it also allows the application of a cognitive governance, which facilitates discussions on major strategic focuses between managers.The historical study of the governance of managing associations breaks with the theories of social and solidarity economy, which support an opposition between a first “golden age”, based on a “heroic” solidarity from a few activists, and the age of efficiency, where associations are considered as simple economical organisations void of heart and morals
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Sangue, Fotso Robert. "L'efficacité de la structure de contrôle des entreprises camerounaises." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808920.
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La qualité de contrôle des dirigeants est susceptible d'avoir un impact sur la réduction des scandales financiers. Une analyse fondée sur les théories contractuelles enrichie des travaux portant sur les théories des organisations et des parties prenantes permet de cerner trois sources d'efficacité de contrôle : la compétence, l'indépendance et le processus de nomination. La démarche analytique suivie a conduit à une étude de cas approfondie et une enquête auprès des entreprises. Il ressort des analyses effectuées que les mécanismes de contrôle sont défaillants ; et le comportement organisationnel des entreprises observées n'influence pas leur performance. Cette thèse a identifié les causes de défaillance et proposé des recommandations pratiques nécessaires à renouveler les fondements théoriques en matière de gouvernement d'entreprise.
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Virk, Kudrat. "Developing countries and humanitarian intervention in international society after the Cold War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60fbdfeb-341c-430c-91c7-5071397a0e47.
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This thesis examines the policies, positions, and perspectives of developing countries on the emerging norm of humanitarian intervention after the Cold War, focusing on the period between 1991 and 2001. In doing so, it questions the role of opposition that conventional wisdom has allotted to them as parochial defenders of sovereignty. Instead, the thesis reveals variation and complexity, which militates against defining the South, or the issues that humanitarian intervention raises, in simplistic either-or terms. Part I draws on insights about ‘sovereignty as what states make of it’ to break the classic pluralism-solidarism impasse that has otherwise stymied the conversation on humanitarian intervention and confined the South as a whole to a ‘black box’ labelled rejectionism. It reconstructs the empirical record of developing countries at large on six cases of military intervention (northern Iraq, Somalia, Haiti, Sierra Leone, Kosovo, and East Timor), revealing variation that defies easy categorization. It also charts a cumulative and dynamic trend within the South towards a grey area between pluralism and solidarism that shows how these were not diametrically opposed positions. Following from that, Part II looks in-depth at India and Argentina. Whereas Argentina accepted the idea of humanitarian intervention, India remained reluctant to countenance it and persistently objected to the development of a new rule in its favour. Part II argues that the level of congruence between the emerging norm and the two countries’ prevailing values, aspirations, and historically constructed ways of thinking played a key role in determining the different levels of acceptance that the idea found with them. Part III delves deeper into the substance of their views. It shows how neither country constructed mutually exclusive choices between pluralism and solidarism, sovereignty and human rights, and intervention and non-intervention. Rather, both exhibited an acute awareness of the dilemmas of protecting human rights in a society of states, and a wariness of yes-no answers. Cumulatively, this thesis thus points away from thinking about the South itself as a given category with clear, shared or pre-determined ideas, and towards a more nuanced and inclusive conversation on humanitarian intervention.
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Aliouane-Shaw, Hocine. "Application des théories de la complexité à la planification et à la gestion de l’espace des campus universitaires : l’exemple du campus bordelais (Talence-Pessac-Gradignan)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30051.
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La révolution numérique bouleverse la pratique universitaire et impacte de manière significative l’organisation spatiale des institutions d’enseignement supérieur. Pourtant, le système de planification spatial de ces territoires d’innovation et de communication intense continue de se référer à des schémas directeurs qui ne permettent pas d’intégrer en temps réel, les changements en matière de pratique universitaire et de faire évoluer les structures physiques en conséquence. Se situant dans une perspective d’aménagement et de planification urbaine, la recherche interroge les outils qui régissent actuellement l’aménagement de l’espace universitaire dans le monde, en accordant une attention particulière aux tentatives d’actualiser les modes de gestion de l’espace qui s’appuient sur les avancées dans le domaine des sciences de la communication et de l’information et leur application à la gestion des systèmes complexes. La recherche se donne ainsi pour objet d’explorer en quoi une application des théories de la complexité à l’univers des campus permettrait d’adapter leur système de planification et de gestion à l’imprévisibilité des bouleversements en cours, tout en autorisant l’adaptation continue des structures physiques à ces évolutions. Après avoir explicité la genèse et la teneur des principales théories de la complexité dans le champ scientifique, la recherche explore leur application à la planification urbaine, à travers notamment le modèle de planification mis en place sur le campus d’Eugene en Oregon en 1974 par l’architecte Christopher Alexander. La compréhension de ce modèle singulier permet de mettre en perspective les outils et les méthodes de planification en vigueur sur les sites universitaires en France, et notamment sur le campus bordelais TPG. La recherche analyse ainsi les méthodes et outils d’aménagement déployés par les deux institutions universitaires afin d’intégrer (en temps réel ou décalé), les changements intervenant dans la pratique universitaire (modes d’apprentissage et de transmission des connaissances, recherche), tout en faisant évoluer les structures physiques du campusThe digital revolution is disrupting university practice and significantly impacting the spatial organization of higher education institutions. However, the spatial planning system of these territories of innovation and intense communication still continues to refer to master plans that do not allow changes in university practice to be integrated in real time and does not enable physical structures to evolve accordingly. Stemming from an urban planning and development perspective, this research questions the tools that currently govern the development of university space around the world, paying particular attention to attempts to update spatial management methods based on advances in the field of communication and information sciences and their application to the management of complex systems. The research thus aims to explore how an application of complexity theories to campus development would adapt the university’s planning and management system to the unpredictability of ongoing shifts, while allowing for the continuous adaptation of physical structures to these changes. After explaining the genesis and content of the main complexity theories in the scientific field, the research explores their application to urban planning, in particular through the planning model set up on the Eugene campus in Oregon in 1974 by architect Christopher Alexander. Understanding this unique model allows us to put into perspective the planning tools and methods in use at university sites in France, and in particular on the Bordeaux TPG campus. The research thus analyses the planning methods and tools used by the two university institutions in order to integrate (in real or delayed time) changes in university practice (learning and knowledge transmission methods, research), while adapting the physical structures of the campus
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Dusepulchre, Gaëlle. "Politique européenne de coopération au développement et relations extérieures: des droits de l'homme à la bonne gouvernance, impact de l'interdépendance du droit et du politique sur le choix des instruments de régulation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210587.
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L'étude a porté sur deux outils élaborés par l’Union européenne à l'appui de ses politiques d'allocation d'aide extérieure au bénéfice principalement d'Etats en développement et participant à sa stratégie de promotion du respect de droits de l’homme dans les Etats tiers. Il s'agit du mécanisme de conditionnalité démocratique d’une part, et de la doctrine fondée sur le concept de gouvernance d’autre part. L'une des principales critiques que la doctrine adresse à l’Union au sujet de sa politique de conditionalité est son incapacité à répondre à l’une des attentes fondamentales qui la sous-tend, à savoir :la naissance d’une politique d’aide extérieure détachée des considérations géopolitiques et visant à protéger et promouvoir efficacement les droits de l’homme. Dans la mesure où la doctrine en attribue en général la responsabilité à l’absence de clarté et de prévisibilité du mécanisme de la conditionnalité démocratique, cette critique eut dû conduire à l’élaboration d’un régime davantage juridicisé. Or, l'émergence de la doctrine fondée sur le concept de gouvernance révèle que l’Union n’a pas opté pour une telle solution. C’est alors que, divisant mon étude en deux parties, la première affectée à l’étude du mécanisme conditionnel et la seconde affectée à l’étude de la doctrine de gouvernance, je me suis interrogée sur les raisons pour lesquelles l’Union avait pu choisir de recourir d’abord à un appel au droit, et ensuite à une repolitisation partielle de son mécanisme. Prenant appui sur une étude des documents officiels des institutions européennes, de la pratique de l'Union et des théories des relations internationales, l'étude tend à révéler les atouts et les limites théoriques de chacune de ces stratégies déstinées à suciter des réformes particulières dans les Etats partenaires de l’Union.Il apparaîtra que l’appel au droit opéré dans le cadre du mécanisme de conditionnalité répondait à des besoins et à une logique spécifiques lors de son institution, mais que la forme juridicisée du mécanisme conditionnel tel qu’institué se heurtait à diverses limites. La doctrine fondée sur le concept de gouvernance, dans le même temps qu’elle acte ces limites et tend à les dépasser, amène à de nouveaux questionnements.The study related to both EU tools, affecting its external aid policies and contributing to its human rights strategy :conditionality and governance. One of the main critic that the doctrine addresses to EU conditionality, is its incapacity to lead to an external aid free of geopolitical considerations and acting to protect and promote effectively the human rights. The doctrine explains this weakness by pointing out the mechanism of conditionality’s lack of clearness and previsibility. Despite this critic is pleading for a more legalized mechanism, the governance strategy reveals that the Union did not choose such a solution.Then, dividing the study into two parts, the first assigned to conditional mechanism and the second assigned to governance, I’m asking the reason why a less legalized mecanism succeeded to conditionality. Based on cooperation agreements, strategic orientations, EU practice and the international relations theories, the study tends to reveal the assets and limits of the two strategies. It appears that the legalization process of conditionality can be explained by specific needs but it encountered various limits. At the same times, while strategy based on Governance adresses some of them, this new tool reveals new questions.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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"Empathy and contractual theories of ethics." Tulane University, 2006.
Find full textAbstract:
I argue here that contractual theories model moral reasoning, and more specifically, they model empathy. Contractual theories aim for hypothetical agreement, and this project requires the identification of reasons that are suitable for the public justification of principles to guide interaction. Thus, the kind of reasoning that contractual theories model is empathetic reasoning and empathetic choice. I defend 'modular' view of empathy that emphasizes both the cognitive and affective features and processes of empathy. Empathy involves appreciating another person's emotion, which is to say it involves an affective understanding of another person's evaluations (by recognizing her feelings and thoughts as justified from her perspective) but not necessarily approving of that person's evaluations. The kind of empathy relevant to contractual theories is the perspective-taking kind. I distinguish between immersed, projective, and dual perspective empathy as the kind that are modeled in contract theories The last three chapters illustrate how the contract theories of Rawls, Harsanyi, and Gauthier model empathy. Each of these theories use what I call an IRC (an idealized rational choice circumstance) to explain why a rational agent would agree to the principles. I argue that the deliberations of such an agent model empathy, though they are not equivalent to our empathizing, which we do when we take up the perspective of an IRC. I show how Gauthier's Archimedean Point models projective empathy, for the rational agent takes up each person's perspective as a rational agent. But contractualism justifies morality from the perspective of 'rational agency' that people must 'identify with,' and this conflicts with the perspective of moral reasoning. The rational agent in Harsayi's IRC, the equiprobability model, uses projective and immersed empathy to make interpersonal comparisons of utility which are required for calculating overall average utility. The constraints on Rawls' Original Position generate the requirement of reasonableness, which means that the deliberations of the parties model dual perspective empathy, not benevolence (as Rawls suggests). The Original Position constraints require us to empathize with (not be benevolent to) others when we take up the perspective of the contractors in the Original Positionacase@tulane.edu
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Hossain, Aysha. "Contractual Coloniality: Strategic State Intervention in Aboriginal Governance." Thesis, 2003. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15606/.
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This thesis argues that certain strategic interventions in the delivery of services to Indigenous Australians employ rationalities congruent with colonial-settler governance.
The Koori Services Improvement Strategy in the Australian State of Victoria is a case in point. Detailed examination of this strategy - understood as a set of specific
technologies of power - raises questions about practical issues in Aboriginal governance, tensions within liberalism, the actual implications of neo-liberal techniques employed in human services, and the bearing these have on Aboriginal wellbeing. Following Michel Foucault's 'governmentality' approach, tools of discourse analysis and genealogy are used to address these questions and to investigate the limits and possibilities of such an approach to understanding Aboriginal governance.
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Seng, Youradin. "Towards ASEAN Bank Governance Coherence: Theories of Convergence in Corporate Governance." Thesis, 2022. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/44705/.
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The ASEAN Banking Integration program aims to enable banks to operate freely and receive equal treatment as local banks operating across ASEAN. However, due to the lack of banking regulations, such as corporate governance guidelines, banking integration is limited to reciprocal bilateral agreements. This research identifies the gap in bank corporate governance rules across ASEAN based on the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s (BCBS) Corporate Governance Principles for Banks, and assessed the value of theories of convergence in corporate governance to achieve increased coherency. An original contribution of the study is its development of a single standard indices of bank corporate governance for ASEAN. Academically, this study contributes to knowledge by contributing original research into the corporate governance of ASEAN banks and validating convergence theories in corporate governance in the ASEAN context. Also, the study results provided policy and practical advice for ABIF workgroups, regulators at the national level, and banks in approaching a single standard of bank corporate governance. A single rulebook containing bank regulations applicable to all banks is the key to achieving ASEAN’s goal of an integrated financial and banking system across the region.
This research is an exploratory project characterized by a qualitative study and case study methodology. The first section of the study is based on a methodology from previous studies
“Law and Finance” (LaPorta, Silanes & Shleifer 1998) and “Corporate Governance in ASEAN Financial Corporations - Illusion or Reality” (Chuanrommanee & Swierczek 2007) which involved content analysis and indices development. The content of documents (laws, regulations, guidelines, and notifications) of each country were scrutinized and interpreted through a systematic classification process according to the content analysis approach, and certain patterns of bank governance rules across ASEAN countries were identified in respect to the developed indices. It is noted that the indices are based on the “BCBS’s Corporate Governance principles for Banks” consisting of 56 criteria that were used to evaluate six attributes of corporate governance. These attributes were derived from the stakeholder theory which is core to the organization of banking institutes. The development of the corporate governance indices was guided by an analytical framework for policy research. The assessment of the indices via scalogram analysis and univariate data indicators involved the measurement of dispersion, percentile analysis, scatterplots, the normal distribution bellshape curve, and a box-chart. These techniques allowed the description of the data from different perspectives.
The second section of the study focused on the application of convergence theories in corporate governance to the country profiles (in terms of the data obtained such as aggregate foreign/domestic share ownership, loan portfolios by sector, political stability indicators, etc) and the assessment of the likelihood of bank governance convergence was based on the theories. The type of data used were secondary data. Information on bank corporate governance was drawn from legal documents and each country’s consolidated banking data. The cornerstone data were bank governance principles that were instrumentalized in the form of laws, regulations, guidelines, and notifications by the national banking supervisory authorities of each ASEAN countries and numerical data from the authority’s online database and Orbis database. In terms of the data source, data were accessed electronically via public databases through the official websites of the banking supervisory authority of each country (other sources are cited accordingly) and the Orbis online database.
The study results suggested that bank governance rules are diverse across all ASEAN countries. Of the 56 assessed criteria, only two governance rules were common to all the studied countries. These were that cases that the board should approve the selection of the CEO and banks should establish a risk committee. There were also variances in terms of each country’s commitment to strengthening bank corporate governance. One of the contributing factors was the depth and stage of the development of a country’s financial sector. Another was the level of a country’s compliance with the BCBS’s governance principles for banks. For instance, Brunei, Singapore, and the Philippines were most compliant with BCBS’s principles with compliance rates of 88%, 73%, and 64% respectively. Myanmar was the least compliant country and accounted for only 20% of the overall compliance rate.
Based on the study of four premises about legal systems, political conditions, cultural traits, and economics, the study suggested that there was a tendency towards convergence of the bank governance rules across ASEAN and that the adoption of a single standard was possible. Nevertheless, in order to approach a single rulebook of bank governance, several factors should be brought to the attention of the regulatory bodies and the ASEAN ABIF working group, such as differences in legal systems and political conditions, while the most important element was commitment and political will toward integration. The study also suggested that the most viable and optimal model for ASEAN is a hybrid model of governance convergence. This model requires benchmarking with the international standard and complements the features and conditions of ASEAN identities in terms of legal systems, financial sector development stages, regulator cooperation at a regional level, etc. Further characteristics of the proposed hybrid model are suggested for future research.
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Du, Toit Gerhard Jacobus. "The significance of postmodern theories of interpretation for contractual interpretation : a critical analysis /." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1245.
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Yu-BeiChuarng and 莊宇琲. "The Influence of Alliance Experience, Managerial Ties, Procedural Governance and Contractual Governance on Alliance Learning Capability and Firm Performance." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3k6c4d.
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碩士國立成功大學
國際企業研究所
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In recent years, strategy alliance has been focus on understanding how firms develop alliance learning capability achieve greater alliance success. However, to sustain competitive advantages in the highly dynamic market, firms increasingly rely on forming strategic alliance with other firms. Based on organizational learning theory, the alliance learning capability refers to the process that each party learned from each other to complement their current resources. The learning process itself consists of knowledge articulation, codification, sharing, and internalization process. This study aims to examine the effects of alliance learning capability on firm’s performance. Data was collected from 181 respondents working in the industries in Taiwan. Structural equation model (SEM) was adopted for data analysis. This study targeted at presidents, general managers and section chiefs. The questionnaires were collected from February 2014 to April 2014. This research used AMOS 21.0 to analyze the data. According to the results of this research, the alliance experience had a positive effect on alliance learning capability and firm performance; meanwhile, business ties, and procedural governance and contractual governance had positive influences on alliance learning capability and firm performance. However, the impact of political ties on alliance learning capability was not supported in this study. As a result, the research proved that the alliance learning capability also had positive influence on firm performance. Managerial implication and strategic suggestions were also discussed.