Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contracts – Scotland

Academic literature on the topic 'Contracts – Scotland'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

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Khuzziatov, Arthur A. "Contract with open terms in Scotland: A comparative legal perspective." Pravovedenie 67, no. 2 (2023): 174–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2023.203.

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The article focuses on contracts with open terms, that is, contracts in which the parties deliberately leave one or more terms open for future negotiations or unilateral supplementation by one of the parties (or a third party). In our paper, we refer to contracts with open terms in which an open term is subject to negotiations. Such contracts are not recognised by most jurisdictions (including as being too vague), but the Scottish legal system is sometimes argued to be an exception. In attempting to confirm this claim, it is found that the device called “a contract with open terms” is unknown to Scottish law, so a special comparative legal method is proposed to find an analogue on the Scottish “legal map”. This approach reveals that contracts with open terms in Scotland are concealed under several different names (most notably “agreement to agree”). It shows that although there is no uniform and consistent approach to such contracts, there are three tests which the courts use to answer the central question about such contracts, namely whether a contract with open terms is enforceable: the test for the essentiality of an open term, the test for whether an open term can be objectively implemented and the test for whether the parties have an intention to create legal relations. This analysis is accompanied by a comparative commentary describing how similar issues are dealt with in the UNIDROIT Principles and in another (besides Scotland) jurisdiction to which recognition of contracts with open terms is attributed, namely Russia. On the basis of the research carried out, a preferred order of application of the tests is proposed. The study of the topic is also preceded by a reference to the history and general characteristics of the Scottish legal system. In the course of this topic, we show that Scotland cannot be defined precisely enough through its generic characteristics as a mixed jurisdiction. In turning to the study of Scotland as an individual jurisdiction, it is noted that this system over time has begun to exhibit fewer and fewer of the attributes of a continental European family country.
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Carter, Stephen. "Contract archaeology in Scotland." Antiquity 76, no. 293 (September 2002): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00091365.

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IntroductionThe subject matter for this article is a large one and could be approached in a number of different ways. I have chosen to focus on some of the more distinctive characteristics of contract archaeology as it is currently practised in Scotland. This may encourage comparison with the situation elsewhere but it is not my intention to ‘compare and contrast’. I will leave it up to the reader, if they wish, to set their own experiences against the Scottish situation.I define contract archaeology as all types of archaeological work undertaken through a commercial contract. Scotland is a small country with a small economy and it has a commercial archaeological sector to scale. The nuniber of commercial archaeological organizations working regularly in Scotland is somewhere between 10 and 20 depending on your point of view. Only five of these organizations have permanent staff numbers in double figures; some of the others are effectively sole traders who may take on staff with project-specific contracts.
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Ainslie, Jonathan. "Good Faith and Relational Contracts: A Scots-Roman Perspective." Edinburgh Law Review 26, no. 1 (January 2022): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2022.0737.

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One of the most striking differences between the Civilian jurisdictions and the English common law has been the reluctance of the latter to adopt a general principle of good faith in contract. Scots law, however, often seeks to exercise the functions of good faith but does not recognise it as a general principle. In recent years, English law has begun to identify good faith as an implied term in “relational contracts”, a concept with sociological and economic origins. This article applies that development to Scotland by exploring the relationship between good faith and the relational contract from a Scots-Roman perspective. It will be shown that the historical sources of Scots contract law, from the Roman reception to the Institutional Writers, are fully compatible with relational contracts. It goes on to consider how a Scots law approach to good faith in relational contracts might orientate itself to the English authorities.
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Seeger, Silke. "Judicial Control of Unfair Terms in Employment Contracts in Scotland and Germany: A Comparative Analysis." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 26, Issue 2 (June 1, 2010): 141–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2010010.

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Employment law practioners in Scotland and Germany have seen several recent cases of varying authority dealing with the unfairness of standard terms in employment contracts. The objective of this paper is to assess and compare two potential legal responses to the unfairness of terms: the implication of terms and the relevant statutory regimes on Unfair Contract Terms in both jurisdictions. A particular focus will be on clauses regarding the employee’s place of work and renumeration. As a result of the comparative study, the author will come to the conclusion that German courts are more inclined to interfere with contractual terms than their Scottish counterparts, the latter putting a stronger emphasis on the doctrine of freedom of contract.
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Trushell, Ian, Bryan Clark, and Andrew Agapiou. "Construction mediation in Scotland." International Journal of Law in the Built Environment 8, no. 2 (July 11, 2016): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-09-2015-0014.

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Purpose This paper aims to address the knowledge gap, by exploring the attitudes and experiences of mediators relative to the process, based on research with practitioners in Scotland. Recent research on construction mediation in Scotland has focused exclusively on construction lawyers’ and contractors’ interaction with the process, without reference to the views of mediators themselves. Design/methodology/approach The entire research design of this research was constrained by the small population of practising Scottish construction mediators (thought to be circa. 20 in 2013). The design encompassed a literature search, participant interviews, questionnaire survey and qualitative and quantitative data. The research questionnaire was designed to capture data related to the biography, training and experience of those interviewed before their opinion on the benefits of, and problems with, mediation were sought. Findings The results indicate that mediations failed because of ignorance, intransigence and over-confidence of the parties. Barriers to greater use of mediation in construction disputes were identified as the lack of skilled, experienced mediators, the continued popularity of adjudication and both lawyer and party resistance. Notwithstanding the English experience, Scottish mediators gave little support for mandating disputants to mediate before proceeding with court action. A surprising number were willing to give an evaluation of the dispute rather than merely facilitating a settlement. Originality/value There are few experienced construction mediators in Scotland, and the continued popularity of statutory adjudication is a significant barrier. Mediators believe that clients’ negative perceptions of mediation are a bigger barrier than lawyers’ perceptions. The mediators wanted judicial encouragement for mediation backed by some legislative support, mediation clauses incorporated into construction contracts and government adoption of mediation as the default process in its own contracts.
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Paterson, Lindsay. "Philanthropy and Education in Scotland." Scottish Affairs 27, no. 2 (May 2018): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2018.0237.

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Philanthropic contributions to education have become more publicly visible in recent years, in Scotland as in many other places. Yet philanthropy used to be much more important to Scottish education than it is now. Funding from the state, from individual students, or from non-philanthropic commercial contracts remain far larger than any kind of charitable donation. The essay considers why people – now and in the past – have been inclined to make philanthropic contributions, and what would be required for there to be a truly substantial increase in philanthropy.
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O'Farrell, P. N. "The Performance of Business-Service Firms in Peripheral Regions: An International Comparison between Scotland and Nova Scotia." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 11 (November 1993): 1627–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a251627.

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In this paper a comparative analysis of the competitiveness and performance of business-service companies in two peripheral regions, Nova Scotia and Scotland, is presented. Several dimensions of performance are investigated for four industries: market research, management consultancy, advertising, and graphic design. Value added per person is one third higher in Scotland compared with Nova Scotia, and Nova Scotian offices derive a much higher proportion of their turnover from government and public-sector contracts. In general, however, a very consistent picture emerges of the relative position of business services in the two regions. Possible demand-side and supply-side causes of such differences are reviewed and potential policy responses considered.
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Matheson, G. D., and J. Oliphant. "Suitability and acceptability for earthworking with reference to glacial tills in Scotland." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 7, no. 1 (1991): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1991.007.01.22.

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SummaryThe paper describes the criteria currently in use for determining the suitability and acceptability of soil for earthworking, and discusses the specification, control and monitoring of both earthmoving and compaction on highway contracts in the UK. In particular the paper describes the application of the Moisture Condition Apparatus (MCA) to the testing of Quaternary soils and its successful use on Scottish Trunk Road Projects.
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Brown, Jonathan. "Obligations, consent and contracts in Scots law: re-analysing the basis of medical malpractice liability in light of Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board." Legal Studies 41, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 156–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lst.2020.40.

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AbstractProfessors MacQueen and Thomson have defined ‘contract’, within Scots law, as denoting ‘an agreement between two or more parties having the capacity to make it, in the form demanded by law, to perform, on one side or both, acts which are not trifling, indeterminate, impossible or illegal’. This definition reflects the fact that Scottish contracts are underpinned by consent, rather than by ‘consideration’. This, naturally, has the potential to be of great significance within the context of physician/patient relationships, particularly since the 2006 case of Dow v Tayside University Hospitals NHS Trust acknowledged that these relationships could be contractual in nature. This observation is of renewed importance since the landmark decision in Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board, which found that physicians must ensure that they obtain full and freely given ‘informed consent’ from their patients, prior to providing medical services. In light of the present medical regime which requires ‘doctor and patient [to] reach agreement on what should happen’, the basis of liability for medical negligence, in Scotland, requires reanalysis: ‘To have a contract only when the patient pays is not consistent with a legal system which has no doctrine of consideration in contract’.
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Newland, Kate. "The construction chronology and significance of timber for building Panmure House, Angus." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 141 (November 30, 2012): 293–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.141.293.326.

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This paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of Panmure House, Angus as originally built for the earls of Panmure between 1666 and 1670. Although considered in its day as one of the finest houses in Scotland, Panmure has never been the subject of an individual study. An extensive collection of building accounts and contracts found in the Dalhousie Muniments, supplemented by William Adam's drawings have, however, afforded the opportunity to investigate in some detail how the building works for the earl of Panmure were organised and executed. Through careful examination of this evidence, a clearer understanding of the design and development of Panmure has emerged, revealing how such building works were organised, which craftsmen were employed, and what materials were required for its completion. In particular, the increasing use and significance of timber for building works in 17th-century Scotland can be recognised at Panmure, a development which can be directly linked to the emergence of Norway as the prime supplier of building timber to Scotland from the 16th century onwards.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

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Ayus, Abdul Mohaimin Bin Noordin. "Building contract claims a comparative study (Scotland, England and Malaysia) /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59638.

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Stocks-Rankin, Cat. "Stories of stabilisation : creating, implementing and resisting the National Care Homes Contract in Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16245.

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In Scotland, as in many other welfare states, the organisation of care homes for older people takes place in a highly contested space where debates about demographics, limited financing and changing expectations of the state compete with questions about choice, rights, equality and models of care. These services intersect the formal boundaries of the public and private sectors as well as the lines between public and private life. The production of care home services crosses several policy spheres, including local governments, the devolved Scottish administration and the UK government and includes numerous organisational bodies, such as care home providers, the care regulator and the voluntary sector. At the centre of this intersection lies the work of contracting and the production of a national framework agreement for care home services in Scotland called the National Care Homes Contract (NCHC). This contract is both the bridge between the public and private sector and a formalised link between the individual and the institution. In this thesis, I depict the NCHC document as an artefact which links these spheres and the work of contracting as the practice of maintaining that relationship. I take up the concept of boundary objects and suggest that the NCHC functions as a bridge between multiple fields of practice and is a useful tool for understanding the competing perspectives of people who plan and deliver care home services in Scotland. In this thesis, I reveal the different, and at times competing, perspectives which surround care home services for older people and the stabilising work that is undertaken to manage these differences. This research utilises an interpretive approach to examine the creation and ongoing implementation of the NCHC. Fieldwork for this research was conducted over 12 months and includes interviews with local authority planners and contract managers as well as care home owners and managers from the independent and third sector, each of whom do particular kinds of work to create, implement and use the text. A textual analysis of the framework agreement is also used to support this research. I examine the work of making, re-­‐making and using the NCHC at three levels: national policy actors, local government contract managers, and managers of local care homes. Each group undertakes a kind of policy work: first to create the NCHC, then to implement it in local jurisdictions and finally to use it within local service delivery. Stabilising work takes three primary forms: text work designed to stabilise meaning, relational work designed to translate meaning across boundaries of practice, and ethical work, a value-­‐ based emotional work that underpins the first two kinds of everyday labour. I suggest that this work is first and foremost driven by a need to stabilise the care home sector and that it is deliberative in nature and conflict ridden such that the use of the contract in practice is often resisted. In working to stabilise this system, the values of this work come into conflict – triggering both caring and resistance responses within the sector. In giving an account of stabilisation, I provide a micro-­‐sociology of the meaning making, relationship-­‐building and conflict which underpins policy work. I draw conclusions from this about the discretion of policy actors at all levels of the system, the rational-­‐technical and emotional nature of their work, and the unexpectedly deliberative policy space of contracting in Scotland.
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Lindsay, Nicholas Geoffrey. "Contrasts in Caledonian tectonics of the northern and central highlands of Scotland." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280695.

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Hampton, Kay. "Race and racialised inequality in Scotland : reflecting on processes and outcomes of contract 'race' research." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426417.

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Al-Othman, Mohammed I. O. "Good faith in contract law : with particular reference to commercial transactions in England, Scotland and selected common-law jurisdictions (Australia, South Africa and USA)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=217620.

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This thesis is study of the principle of good faith in contract law. In the last fifteen years enormous attempts have been made by contract lawyers, especially those in common law systems, to consider the question of good faith in contracts. But the approach that has been taken by those lawyers in dealing with this important question is unsatisfactory and incapable of producing a coherent understanding of the role of good faith in contracts. Instead of considering the essential question of good faith in contracts, especially commercial contracts, the debate has turned out into a battle between common law and civil law. This approach creates a polarized debate. This study will concentrate on the applications of good faith in arm 's length contractual relationships. This will no doubt concentrate the analysis on its operation in contracts generally, without involving other theories that may explain the courts' concern over the problems of bad faith conducts. Examining good faith as a general requirement in contracts is vitally important in order to reach a coherent understanding of its implications for contracting parties. This study will examine in depth the most important issues regarding the operation of the good faith principle in contract law. I will examine the rationality of this principle in pre-contractual negotiations. This area of contract raises difficult questions in many common law legal systems. The Introduction of the principle of good faith at the stage of negotiation under the PECL and the UNIDROIT Principles has strengthened the role of that principle at the formation of contracts. The interaction between the principle of good faith and express terms in contracts will also be examined in an attempt to identify the limits of the parties' freedom in the enforcement of contract terms. In addition to dealing with the operation of the principle of good faith throughout the life of the contract, it is also vitally important to analyse the general provisions of good faith in the PECL, CISG, UCC and the UNIDROIT Principles. Examining these general provisions of good faith will help us to understand its role in commercial contracts.
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Vyas, Vijay. "Innovation and new product development by SMEs : an investigation of Scottish food and drinks industry." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2009. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2960.

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This dissertation reports the results of case studies on innovation and new product development in eight Scottish food companies and a subsequent triangulation survey of 85 innovative Scottish companies. The case studies are carried out using qualitative research methods and a realistic inductive research strategy. It is found that the case study companies use an informal and cross-functional innovation process, which is independent of the age of enterprise. It is also discovered that these companies develop new products, often luxuriant variants of their existing products, which are mainly indulgences rather than healthy foods and are sold mostly to large retailers. Use of production methods that are amenable to quick changes in final products and networking with customers, suppliers, other food companies and Scottish Enterprise is also observed. Creative people with high innovative proclivity, who often travel to new locations in search of product ideas, drive the process. The case study companies are high-variety-low-volume businesses, possess good understanding of customer needs and circumstances and are able to achieve a good fit between needs of the market and their own resources. Not facing financial constraints, these companies are able to attract and retain talent, needed to develop new products. Continuously learning from their NPD endeavours, they sell their products without any major advertising or marketing effort. The subsequent triangulation survey of 85 innovative Scottish companies, from food as well as non-food sectors, confirms most of the above-mentioned findings. Contrary to the case study results however, the survey discovers that innovative Scottish companies face financial constraints while developing new products, do not sell most of their new products to large retailers or undertake travel to new locations in search of product ideas. The main contributions to knowledge by this research include crystallisation of the new product development practices in Scotland, highlighting difference in product innovation between various sub-groups of enterprises, a new conceptual construct within which all notions and definitions of innovation can be accommodated and identification of a basic flaw in the present innovation policy in Scotland.
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Books on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

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MacQueen, Hector L. Contract law in Scotland. 2nd ed. Haywards Heath, West Sussex: Tottel Pub., 2007.

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McBryde, William W. The law of contract in Scotland. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: W. Green, 2001.

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McBryde, William W. The law of contract in Scotland. Edinburgh: W. Green, 2002.

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M, Walker David. The law of contracts and related obligations in Scotland. 2nd ed. London: Butterworths, 1985.

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Ross, Murray J. Drafting and negotiating commercial leases in Scotland. London: Butterworth, 1985.

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Gloag, W. M. The lawof contract: A treatise on the principles of contract in the law of Scotland. 2nd ed. Collieston: Caledonian, 1985.

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Jackson, Graham. An introduction to construction law in Scotland. London: W. Green, 2010.

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M, Forte A. D., ed. Good faith in contract and property law. Oxford: Hart, 1999.

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Surveys, ICC Financial, ed. Building contractors - Scotland. London: ICC Financial Surveys, 1988.

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Thomson, Joseph McGeachy, J. M. Tomson, and Hector L. MacQueen. Contract law in Scotland. Edinburgh: Butterworths, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

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Frame, Shona, and Laura West. "Applying FIDIC Contracts in Scotland1." In FIDIC Contracts in Europe, 475–516. London: Informa Law from Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003201236-17.

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Frame, Shona. "Scotland." In The International Compendium of Construction Contracts, 869–938. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110712728-029.

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BURNET, GEORGE. "Building Contracts in Scotland." In Architect's Legal Handbook, 137–55. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-1219-7.50015-9.

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ZIMMERMANN, REINHARD, DANIEL VISSER, and KENNETH REID. "Illegal Contracts." In Mixed Legal Systems in Comparative PerspectiveProperty and Obligations in Scotland and South Africa, 143–75. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199271009.003.0006.

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Palmer, Vernon Valentine. "Contracts of Intellectual Gratification – A Louisiana-Scotland Creation." In Mixed Jurisdictions ComparedPrivate Law in Louisiana and Scotland, 208–43. Edinburgh University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748638864.003.0018.

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Palmer, Vernon Valentine. "8 Contracts of Intellectual Gratification – A Louisiana-Scotland Creation." In Mixed Jurisdictions Compared, 208–43. Edinburgh University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780748642120-012.

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ZIMMERMANN, REINHARD, DANIEL VISSER, and KENNETH REID. "Unjustified Enrichment and Failed Contracts." In Mixed Legal Systems in Comparative PerspectiveProperty and Obligations in Scotland and South Africa, 437–68. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199271009.003.0015.

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Hennessey, Patrick, and Philippe Kuhn. "The Roles of Professionals." In Wilmot-Smith on Construction Contracts, 181–200. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832805.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses professions that are traditionally concerned with building and engineering works, such as architects, engineers, and quantity surveyors. It analyses how project managers are being added to the group of construction professionals engaged by employers. It also probes the work of construction professionals in England, Wales, and Scotland that is subject to the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA). This chapter cites a construction contract in the HGCRA as an agreement to do architectural, design, or surveying work or provide advice on building, engineering, interior decoration, or exterior decoration to construction operations. It looks at traditional forms of contract that is responsible for the design of the works and the contractor for the construction.
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Sawtell, David, and Nicholas Higgs. "Adjudication." In Wilmot-Smith on Construction Contracts, 492–588. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832805.003.0019.

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This chapter reviews sections 104–117 of the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA), which provide the legislative framework for both the right to adjudication and for payment protections within construction contracts. It mentions the Construction Contracts (England and Wales) Regulations 1998 or the Scheme, which provide the legislative framework for both the right to adjudication and for payment protections within construction contracts. It also talks about the amended versions of the Scheme that were introduced by separate statutory instruments for England, Wales, and Scotland. This chapter recounts how the scheme arose from the report of Sir Michael Latham, which reviewed procurement and contractual arrangements in the UK construction industry. It looks at the effectiveness of the policy of the HGCRA in respect of adjudication.
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ZIMMERMANN, REINHARD, DANIEL VISSER, and KENNETH REID. "Contracts for the Benefit of Third Parties." In Mixed Legal Systems in Comparative PerspectiveProperty and Obligations in Scotland and South Africa, 208–39. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199271009.003.0008.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

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Catlow, F., and G. M. Reeves. "Education in Nuclear Decommissioning in the North of Scotland." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7209.

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This paper describes the work covered and experience gained in the first two years of operation of DERC, a Centre for Decommissioning and Environmental Remediation in the Highlands of Scotland. The Centre is a unique development which was set up to teach nuclear decommissioning as a separate discipline, address the problem of a declining skills base in the field of nuclear technologies and to take advantage of the unique and exceptional innovative, technical and research opportunities offered through the decommissioning of Britain’s fast reactor site at Dounreay. The Centre is an offshoot from North Highland College which is a member of UHI, the University in embryo of the Highlands and Islands. The Centre currently supports ten PhD students completing various diverse projects mainly in the field of nuclear environmental remediation. In addition there are a number of full and part time MSc students who participate in NTEC (Nuclear Technology Education Consortium) a consortium of British Universities set up specifically to engender interest and skills in nuclear technology at postgraduate level. At undergraduate level, courses are offered in Nuclear Decommissioning and related subjects as part of Electrical and Mechanical degree courses. In addition to our relationship with the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) the Dounreay site licensee, we have links with Rolls-Royce and the Ministry of Defence who also share the Dounreay site and with other stakeholders such as, the UK regulator (HSE/NII), the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA), local and international contractors and we liaise with the newly formed Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), who provide some sponsorship and support. We possess our own equipment and laboratories for taking and analysing soil samples and for conducting environmental surveys. Recently we commissioned an aerial survey of contamination in the locality from natural sources, other background levels such as Chernobyl fall out and any local activity from Dounreay.
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Bonnet, C., P. Potier, and B. Morris Ashton. "DFR Decommissioning: The Breeder Fuel Removal Project — Retrieval and Processing Facilities." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4936.

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The Dounreay site, in North Scotland, was opened in 1955 and a wide range of nuclear facilities have been built and operated there by UKAEA (The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority) for the development of atomic energy research. The Dounreay Fast Reactor (DFR) was built between 1955 and 1957, and operated until 1977 for demonstration purposes and for producing electricity. Today, its decommissioning is a key part of the whole Dounreay Site Restoration Plan that integrates the major decommissioning activities such as the fuel treatment and the waste management. The paper presents the contract strategy and provides an overview of the BFR project which consists in the removal of the breeder elements from the reactor and their further treatment. It mainly provides particular details of the Retrieval and Processing Facilities design.
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Raja, KI, K. Hickson, AT Treweeke, G. Rushworth, E. Morrison, E. Sandilands, JN Cobley, D. McEneaney, M. Eddleston, and IL Megson. "P9 N-actylcysteine fails to impact on plasma antioxidant status in a placebo controlled crossover study in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic kidney disease: implications for its value in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy." In The Scottish Cardiovascular Forum 2019, Saturday 2nd February 2019, The Centre for Health Science, Old Perth Road, Inverness, Scotland. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2019-scf.17.

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Dryjski, Jacek, Maciej Dryjski, Charles Demuylder, and Th Janssens. "THROMBOGENISITY OF ENDOTHELIAL SEEDED VASCULAR GRAFT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644803.

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It has recently been suggested that endothelial cell (EC) seeding of vascular grafts surfaces may lead to a less thrombo-genic surface. The present investigation was designed to study the capacity of aortic endothelium and neointima developing on seeded grafts to inactivate thrombin. In order to obtain an optimal surface for EC attachment the lyophylized porcine skin (Zenoderm®, Ethicon, Scotland) were used to form tubular grafts. Grafts seeded with enzymatically derived EC from the jugular vein was compared with control grafts that were shamed seeded with culture medium and blood. Animals with seeded grafts were divided into two groups, one group received dipyridamole treatment, theother one remained untreated. The prosthesis were implanted in the abdominal aorta in 21 dogs. Six dogs died due to different complications after surgery. The remaining 15 were sacrified 2 monthsafter graft implantations. The aorta and the grafts were excised divided into two parts, one was fixed for light and scanning electron microscopy, the otherone was analyzed for capacity to inactivate thrombin which enzymatic activity was assayed by an amiodolytic method. The grafts and aortic segments were exposed for 12 U/ml of thrombin solution. After 10 min incubation the enzyme activity decreased in the supernatant and were found in similar amounts on the grafts and aortic surfaces. Thrombin bound to endothelium was rapidly inhibited after exposure to plasma for 30 sec. In contrast, thrombin retained on the neointima of both seeded and shame seeded grafts were only minor inhibited by plasma. The morphological analyses shown that both seeded and shame seeded grafts developed a thin cellular lining covering up to 100% of the specimens’ surface area. The subcellular layer was equal in all groups. No statistical difference in morphology nor in thrombin inhibiting capacity was noted between dipyridamole treated and untreated animals. It is concluded that both the aorticendothelium and graft neointima can take up thrombin but only aortic endothelium can efficiently inactivate it. Seeding of the grafts with endothelial cellsdid not signifcantly improve its capacity to inhibit activated coagulation enzymes.
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5

Catlow, Fred. "Experiences in Teaching Decommissioning." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16179.

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The paper describes the experience gained by the author in teaching decommissioning in the Highlands of Scotland. Initially when asked to teach the subject of decommissioning to students sitting for a BSc degree in “Electrical or Mechanical Engineering with Decommissioning Studies”, the author was taken aback, not having previously taught degree students and there was no precedent since there was no previous material or examples to build on. It was just as difficult for the students since whilst some had progressed from completing HND studies, the majority were employed at the Dounreay site and were mature students with families who were availing themselves of the opportunity for career advancement (CPD). Some of the students were from the UKAEA and its contractors whilst others were from Rolls-Royce working at Vulcan, the Royal Navy’s establishment for testing nuclear reactors for submarines. A number of the students had not been in a formal learning environment for many years. The College which had originally been funded by the UKAEA and the nuclear industry in the 1950’s was anxious to break into the new field of Decommissioning and were keen to promote these courses in order to support the work progressing on site. Many families in Thurso, and in Caithness, have a long tradition of working in the nuclear industry and it was thought at the time that expertise in nuclear decommissioning could be developed and indeed exported elsewhere. In addition the courses being promoted by the College would attract students from other parts so that a centre of excellence could be established. In parallel with formal teaching, online courses were also developed to extend the reach of the College. The material was developed as a mixture of power point presentations and formal notes and was obtained from existing literature, web searches and interactive discussions with people in the industry as well as case studies obtained from actual situations. Assignments were set and examination papers prepared which were validated by internal and external assessors. The first course was started in 2004 (believed to be unique at that time) and attracted eight students. Subsequent courses have been promoted as well as a BEng (Hons) course which also included a course on Safety and Reliability.
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Reports on the topic "Contracts – Scotland"

1

Linge, Tone Therese, Olga Gjerald, Åse Helene Bakkevig Dagsland, Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen, Huseyin Arasli, and Trude Furunes. In Pursuit of Fair Work: Taking a closer look at the Norwegian hospitality industry. University in Stavanger, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.269.

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This report highlights the findings and implications of research conducted in the Norwegian hospitality sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. The report focuses on workers’ experiences in the industry, using the Fair Work Principles: fair contracts, fair pay, fair conditions, fair management, and fair representation. Similar surveys have been conducted among hospitality workers in Ireland, Scotland, Greece, Australia, and New Zealand. The Norwegian survey was conducted between September 2021 – March 2022 and generated 853 responses of which 585 were complete from workers in the Norwegian hospitality sector. The respondents varied in gender, age, nationality, role within the sector, contract type and length of service. The results, based on the five key Fair Work Principles, show that the Norwegian hospitality sector still has some work to do to ensure that all workers in the industry experience fair work. Employees in the Norwegian worklife have a strong formal employment protection due to the Working Environment Act (Working Environment Act, 2005), in addition to other laws and regulations. Over 90 % of the participants reported that they were on permanent contracts, either full-time or part-time. However, although Norway has strong rules and regulations concerning employee rights, the survey reveals shortcomings concerning the greyer areas such as a lack of opportunities for pay rise or promotion, workplace training, not getting the rest breaks that workers are entitled to, and uncertainty whether the workers received the correct overtime pay. Some of the most concerning findings in the Norwegian hospitality sector were related to fair conditions, where an alarmingly high number participants reported that they had either experienced or witnessed harassment, abuse and bullying in their workplaces. Most of the abuse came from customers, but many of the respondents also mentioned colleagues and supervisors/ managers as perpetrators of abuse, harassment and bullying. Furthermore, over 40 percent of those who stated that they had experienced or witnessed abuse, harassment or bullying in the workplace declared that they did not report it further due to different reasons such as that they did not know where to report, did not think that anything would be done, or that they were afraid of losing their job. Concerning fair management, a third of the participants stated that they did not feel as though they were treated with dignity and respect, or that they received supportive feedback from their managers. Only half of the participants reported that they had received some kind of training in their job. The findings indicate that the types of training and development opportunities offered to employees were largely dependent on the specific workplace. Ultimately, the findings highlight the following key areas for improvement in the Norwegian hospitality industry: Opportunities for pay rise and promotion Opportunities for training Cultural change: Working to change the industry specific culture of tolerating abuse and harassment among employees in the hospitality industry Management of staff: Increased respect and perceptions of being listened to and making a difference
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