Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contracts for concurrency

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Contracts for concurrency'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Contracts for concurrency"

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Wang, Yan, Jixin Li, Wansheng Liu, and Aiping Tan. "Efficient Concurrent Execution of Smart Contracts in Blockchain Sharding." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (February 18, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6688168.

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Throughput performance is a critical issue in blockchain technology, especially in blockchain sharding systems. Although sharding proposals can improve transaction throughput by parallel processing, the essence of each shard is still a small blockchain. Using serial execution of smart contract transactions, performance has not significantly improved, and there is still room for improvement. A smart contract concurrent execution strategy based on concurrency degree optimization is proposed for performance optimization within a single shard. This strategy is applied to each shard. First, it characterizes the conflicting contract feature information by executing a smart contract, analyzing the factors that affect the concurrent execution of the smart contracts, and clustering the contract transaction. Second, in shards with high transaction frequency, considering the execution time, conflict rate, and available resources of contract transactions, finding a serializable schedule of contract transactions by redundant computation and a Variable Shadow Speculative Concurrency Control (SCC-VS) algorithm for smart contract scheduling is proposed. Finally, experimental results show that the strategy increases the concurrency of smart contract execution by 39% on average and the transaction throughput of the whole system by 21% on average.
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Nienaltowski, Piotr, Bertrand Meyer, and Jonathan S. Ostroff. "Contracts for concurrency." Formal Aspects of Computing 21, no. 4 (January 4, 2008): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00165-007-0063-2.

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Ostroff, Jonathan S., Faraz Ahmadi Torshizi, Hai Feng Huang, and Bernd Schoeller. "Beyond contracts for concurrency." Formal Aspects of Computing 21, no. 4 (February 28, 2008): 319–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00165-008-0073-8.

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Dickerson, Thomas, Paul Gazzillo, Maurice Herlihy, and Eric Koskinen. "Adding concurrency to smart contracts." Distributed Computing 33, no. 3-4 (July 6, 2019): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00446-019-00357-z.

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Elysha Kamaruzaman, Nor, Ihsan Mohd Yassin, Azlee Zabidi, Fadhlan Hafizhelmi Kamaru Zaman, Zairi Ismael Rizman, Rahimi Baharom, and Norfishah Abdul Wahab. "Blockchain Technology for Islamic Marriage Certificate." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.11 (October 2, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11.20802.

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In recent years, an individual under the pseudonym of Satoshi Nakamoto devised a revolutionary technology called blockchain as the engine behind the first decentralized virtual currency called Bitcoin. A radical concept departing from government-centric controlled currencies, Bitcoin has emerged as a disruptive technology with the power to revolutionize business and its processes. Advantages of the blockchain include decentralized control, immutability, elimination of central authority and solution of concurrency problems in traditional databases. Leveraging on the advantages of blockchain technology defined above, this paper discusses the potential application of blockchain technology for storage of Islamic marriage certificates. Marriage certificates are documents issued to couples to legally recognize their marriage. Due to its paper-based nature, there is significant risk for them to be forged or frauded. These issues can be addressed effective using blockchain. The proposed application was implemented using smart contracts on a simulated Ethereum platform. A smart contract is designed to execute automatically under certain predefined conditions. The use of smart contracts eliminate manipulation by a single party. In addition, the immutable concept of blockchain ensures that data integrity is always preserved, greatly reducing the risk of fraud.
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Viljanen, Mika. "Actor-Network Theory Contract Theory." European Review of Contract Law 16, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2020-0005.

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AbstractFirms increasingly use complex hybrid governance structures to manage value generation networks. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the structures contain soft, “enforcement-challenged” contractual devices. Existing contract theories, however, fail to recognize and explain how these soft contract devices work as legal devices. The article seeks to address this failure.The article uses a conceptual innovation by Schepker et al to construct an actor-network theory (ANT) inspired contract theory. Schepker et al argued that contracts are best understood as often concurrently serving safeguarding, coordination, and adaptation goals. The article argues that combined with ANT the functional contracting frame allows us to recognize that contracts work and gain efficacy in multiple ways. To understand how the soft, “enforcement-challenged” contract devices work, the article traces the efficacy mechanisms the devices perform and enact.The tracings lead the article to propose an ANT contract theory that builds on three intertwined ideas: 1) contract devices have no core efficacy networks but multiple parallel efficacies, 2) contracts should be understood as bricolage collages of small-scale contractual point intervention devices that each deploy and rely on their own efficacy mechanisms and patterns, and 3) the force of contract resides in the socio-material assemblages contracts are capable of creating and sustaining.
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Lavikka, Rita Henriikka, Riitta Smeds, and Miia Jaatinen. "Coordinating collaboration in contractually different complex construction projects." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 20, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-10-2014-0331.

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Purpose – The paper aims to compare the coordination of supply chain networks in contractually different complex construction projects. Design/methodology/approach – A comparative case study of the coordination of collaborative work in two successful hospital construction projects was conducted. One of the projects applied multiple dyadic contracts, whereas the other project applied one multi-party contract between the parties. The projects were located in the USA. Data were collected by observing the coordination on the construction sites for six weeks and by conducting 72 interviews. Findings – The paper shows that depending on the contract type, the timing and extent of complementary procedural coordination differs during projects. Compared with one multi-party contract, the dyadic contracts needed to be complemented during the design phase with three additional procedural coordination mechanisms: organizational design, processes for collaborative work and integrated concurrent engineering sessions. Additionally, common rules of conduct were taken into use during the construction phase. However, regardless of the contract type, procedural coordination mechanisms, such as co-located working, collaborative decision-making in inter-organizational meetings, a liaison role and shared project goals were needed throughout the projects. Practical implications – If multiple dyadic contracts are applied, procedural coordination mechanisms have to be co-created by all supply chain parties at the beginning of the project. Originality/value – The paper provides an understanding on successful contractual and complementary procedural coordination mechanisms of supply chain networks in complex construction projects.
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Whittaker, Simon. "The application of the ‘broad principle of Hedley Byrne’ as between parties to a contract." Legal Studies 17, no. 01 (March 1997): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1997.tb00663.x.

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In Henderson v Merrett Syndicates Ltd the House of Lords held, inter alia, that a party to a contract may rely on a tort committed by the other party, as long as doing so is not inconsistent with its express or implied terms. In doing so, it made clear (with respect, correctly) that the much-quoted passage in Lord Scarman's speech in Tai Hing Cotton Mill Ltd v Liu Chong Hing Bank Ltd should not be interpreted as assigning to contract an domain exclusive of tort and it thereby upheld the formerly predominant view which allowed concurrence of actions in tort and contract in principle. However, in finding a duty of care on which to base the plaintiffs’ claims in tort, Lord Goff in Henderson relied on Hedley Byrne as establishing a very broad principle of liability in tort based on the defendants’ ‘assumption of responsibility’ and this principle invites a radically different treatment of the relationship between the tort of negligence and contract between parties to contracts.
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Pertold, Filip, and Lenka Lakotova. "Retirees and motivation to work by the type of employment contract: impact of the Czech reform." International Journal of Manpower 41, no. 5 (June 14, 2020): 595–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-12-2019-0544.

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PurposeIn this paper, the authors analyse a 2010 legal reform in the Czech Republic, which allowed retirees to simultaneously receive regular pension benefits and to work on a permanent contract for a period longer than one year. Previously, concurrence of employment and receipt of retirement benefits were only allowed in conjunction with a temporary work contract with a maximum duration of one year.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the difference-in-differences method. The authors include only males in the analysis because it is not possible to identify the legal retirement age for women from available data. Men in the workforce 1–3 years prior to the statutory retirement age are in a control group, while men 1–3 years older are in a treatment group.FindingsThe authors show that the reform significantly increased the share of permanent contracts held by retirees (by 22.5–27.6 percentage points), though we do not find any aggregate short-term change in employment of retirees. Heterogeneity analysis shows a significant increase in the employment of retirees with only elementary school education (by 17.9 percentage points) and a significant decrease in the number of hours worked by retirees (by 2.5 h weekly for low-educated workers).Practical implicationsThe policy conclusion is that the regulation of employment contract does not affect aggregate employment, but may improve employment of low skilled workers.Originality/valueTo the authors’ best knowledge, there are no studies directly analysing motivation of retirees by types of employment contracts. The authors, thus, add to the literature that studies dealing with the general fixed-term versus permanent contracts (Engellandt and Riphahn, 2003) and motivation to work.
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Sandborn, Peter, Amir Kashani-Pour, Navid Goudarzi, and Xin Lei. "Outcome-based Contracts – Towards Concurrently Designing Products and Contracts." Procedia CIRP 59 (2017): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.09.017.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contracts for concurrency"

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Sousa, Diogo Miguel Gaspar de. "Preventing atomicity violations with contracts." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11471.

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Concurrent programming is a difficult and error-prone task because the programmer must reason about multiple threads of execution and their possible interleavings. A concurrent program must synchronize the concurrent accesses to shared memory regions, but this is not enough to prevent all anomalies that can arise in a concurrent setting. The programmer can misidentify the scope of the regions of code that need to be atomic, resulting in atomicity violations and failing to ensure the correct behavior of the program. Executing a sequence of atomic operations may lead to incorrect results when these operations are co-related. In this case, the programmer may be required to enforce the sequential execution of those operations as a whole to avoid atomicity violations. This situation is specially common when the developer makes use of services from third-party packages or modules. This thesis proposes a methodology, based on the design by contract methodology, to specify which sequences of operations must be executed atomically. We developed an analysis that statically verifies that a client of a module is respecting its contract, allowing the programmer to identify the source of possible atomicity violations.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - research project Synergy-VM(PTDC/EIA-EIA/113613/2009)
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Fiedor, Jan. "Praktické metody automatizované verifikace paralelních programů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412575.

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V dnešní době jsou vícevláknové programy běžné a s nimi i chyby v souběžnosti. Během posledních let bylo vytvořeno mnoho technik pro detekci takovýchto chyb, a i přesto mají vývojáři softwaru problém nalézt správné nástroje pro analýzu svých programů. Důvod je jednoduchý, fungující neznamená vždy praktický. Hodně nástrojů implementujících detekční techniky je obtížně použitelných, přizpůsobených pro konkrétní typy programů nebo synchronizace, nebo špatně škálují, aby zvládly analyzovat rozsáhlý software. Pro některé typy chyb v souběžnosti dokonce ani neexistují nástroje pro jejich detekci, i přesto že vývojáři softwaru na tyto chyby často narážejí ve svých programech. Hlavním cílem této práce je navrhnout nové techniky pro detekci chyb ve vícevláknových programech. Tyto techniky by měly být schopny analyzovat rozsáhlé programy, umožnit detekci méně studovaných typů chyb v souběžnosti, a podporovat širokou škálu programů s ohledem na to, jaké programové konstrukce používají.
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Žárský, Jan. "Instrumentace Java programů, kontrakty pro paralelismus." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445489.

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Contracts for concurrency describe required atomicity of method sequences in concurrent programs. This work proposes a dynamic analyzer to verify programs written in Java against contracts for concurrency. The analyzer was designed to detect violations of parametric contracts with spoilers. The proposed analyzer was implemented as an extension to the RoadRunner framework. Support for accessing the method arguments and return values was added to RoadRunner as a part of the solution. The analyzer was fully implemented and verified on a set of testing programs.
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García-Trevijano, Garnica Ernesto. "On the Concurrence of Termination events in the Same Administrative Contract." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118438.

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The study addresses the way, according to the author, in which must be resolved the problem of the concurrence of termination events in an administrative contract. It is common that parties attribute non-compliances to each other or the coexistence of termination events with different effects each of them. In these situations, the termination event which must be applied as a matter of priority with its corresponding associated effects must be determined. In this context, it should be pointed out the doctrine of the Spanish Council of the State according to which the termination event occurred before in time is applicable as a priority. However, the author considers that should be taken into account the priority in time regarding the invocation of the termination event («activación») rather than its appearance («aparición»). Thus, the general rule is that termination events may be used by the party of the contract which has not caused them. However, the aforementioned rule does not entail that the party which may invoke a termination event, actually does so (la active), even though the presence of a material circumstance that justifies the existence of the termination event.On this basis, the author concludes that it is the priority in time of the invocation of the termination event [«activación»] (and not of its mere appearance) [y no de la simple «aparición»] which determines the termination event applicable as a priority when several termination events concur.
El estudio aborda la forma en la que, a juicio del autor, hay que resolver el problema de laconcurrencia de causas de resolución sobre un mismo contrato administrativo. Es bastante habitual que las partes se imputen incumplimientos recíprocos, o que coexistan causas de resolución del contrato con efectos distintos cada una de ellas. En tales situaciones, hay que determinar la causa de resolución que debe aplicarse de manera prioritaria, con sus efectos anejos.En este contexto, se alude a la doctrina del Consejo de Estado español, relativa a considerar de aplicación prioritaria la causa de resolución que aparezca antes en el tiempo. Ahora bien, el autor considera que debe atenderse a la prioridad cronológica, no en la «aparición» de la causa de resolución, sino en su «activación». La regla general es que las causas de resolución sean de utilización potestativa por la parte en el contrato que no las provocó; ello se traduce en que aun cuando exista la circunstancia material que justifica la existencia de la causa de resolución, sin embargo ello no significa que quien puede hacerla valer efectivamente la ponga en funcionamiento (la active). Concluye por ello el autor que es la prioridad en el tiempo de la«activación» (y no de la simple «aparición») la que determina la causa de resolución del contratoque deberá aplicarse prioritariamente cuando concurran varias causas de resolución.
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Hasquenoph, Isabelle. "Contrats publics et concurrence." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://scd-rproxy.u-strasbg.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D237%26selfsize%3D1.

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La thèse se propose d’étudier de manière systématique les rapports entre les contrats publics et la concurrence. L’analyse de la confrontation des contrats publics à la concurrence révèle qu’il s’agit d’une activité de l’économie de marché. C’est dans les deux dimensions de la concurrence, interne au cadre contractuel mais également externe à ce cadre, que cette confrontation prend corps. La passation et l’exécution des contrats publics ont une incidence sur le marché, ce qui conduit à réévaluer la distinction, autrefois clairement marquée, entre la puissance publique et l’entreprise. Cette confrontation génère des adaptations au sein des règles de droit applicables à la concurrence comme aux contrats publics. L’ajustement des règles de concurrence se fait tant dans le sens d’un assouplissement, afin de tenir compte de l’intérêt général imprégnant le contrat ou de la présence d’une personne publique, que dans le sens d’un renforcement, afin de mieux appréhender le comportement des personnes publiques. Quant au droit des contrats publics, il apparaît comme un droit de l’offre, complémentaire du droit de la concurrence. L’intérêt général imprégnant traditionnellement le régime du contrat public n’en ressort pas affaibli, la concurrence étant une de ses composantes devant être conciliées avec d’autres. L’analyse historique permet d’ailleurs de relativiser les bouleversements induits par le droit de l’Union européenne : le juge administratif avait, dès le XIXème siècle, les moyens de garantir le libre jeu de la concurrence dans le cadre contractuel public
This thesis aims to thoroughly investigate the relationship between public contracts and competition. Analysing the confrontation of public contracts with competition highlights that these contracts represent a market economy activity. This confrontation takes shape in both dimensions of the competition : inside and outside the contractual framework. The award and performance of public contracts have an impact on the market, leading to a reassessment of the distinction between public authority and undertakings. This confrontation entails amendments within the rules of law applicable to competition and public contracts. On the one hand, competition rules are adjusted towards more flexibility in order to take into account the general interest impregnating the contract or the presence of a public person ; on the other hand, they are also reinforced in order to better appreciate the behaviour of public persons. As for public contract law, it appears to be a supply law, complementary to competition law. The general interest that has traditionally permeated the public contract regime does not appear to have been weakened : competition is indeed one of its components that must be reconciled with others. Historical analysis also helps putting into perspective the disruption brought about by European Union law : since the 19th century, the French administrative judge had the means to guarantee competition in the public contractual framework
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Fortunato, Aurelien. "Clauses et pratiques restrictives de concurrence." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20009/document.

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Traditionnellement, le droit prend soin de distinguer entre les clauses, parties d’un acte juridique, et les pratiques qui sont des faits juridiques. Pourtant, le droit des pratiques restrictives de concurrence semble réaliser une assimilation de ces deux notions, en qualifiant de pratiques restrictives de concurrence certaines clauses. L’étude analyse cette qualification d’une clause en pratique en proposant un critère et en s’interrogeant sur ses effets : la possible contestation de clauses sur le fondement du droit des pratiques restrictives de concurrence. En invitant à une réflexion sur cet aspect du droit des pratiques restrictives de concurrence, il s’agit également de s’interroger sur les finalités de cette matière, autant que sur la possibilité d’une meilleure intégration de la contestation de clauses dans un droit des pratiques commerciales déloyales entre professionnels en construction
Generally, the law is careful to distinguish between the clauses, part of a legal act, and practices, that are legal facts. Yet, the law about restrictive competition practices seems to realise an assimilation of these two concepts, and provide the classification of a clause in restrictive competitive practice. The study analyses the classification of a clause into practice by proposing a criterion and pondering its effects: possible challenge clauses on the bases of the right of restrictive practices. By inviting a reflection on this aspect of the law of restrictive practices, it is also to question the aims of this particular law, as well as on the possibility of a better integration of the challenge clauses in a law about unfair trade practices between professionals in construction
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Barros, Pedro Loura. "Linguagem concurrent Contract-Java." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21754.

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Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática
Resumo não disponivel
The goal of this thesis is the study on the integration of mechanisms from concurrent programming, objected-oriented languages, and Designby- Contract. We propose a new language, Concurrent Contract-Java (CCJava), that's an extension of Contract-Java, a language that has extended Java with Design-by-Contract language mechanisms. CCJava aims to ease object-oriented concurrent programming, ensuring safety (no race conditions will occur) and abstracting away lower level concurrent realizations such as the choice for shared object synchronization schemes. It reuses the semantics of Java mechanisms, together with the semantics of objects and Design-by-Contract constructs, providing simple and expressive language mechanisms for concurrency. CCJava guarantees all aspects of a shared object's concurrent utilization and thread creation, using only two new language keywords: shared, and remote. A compiler was developed implementing the more important language mechanisms, and used as a proof of concept of our proposals
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Ostojski, Laurent. "Les conditions de vente à l'épreuve du droit des contrats et du droit de la concurrence." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS015S.

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« Socle de la négociation commerciale », les Conditions de Vente occupent une place centrale dans la vie des affaires. Néanmoins, elles sont également sources de nombreuses interrogations, étant soumises aux influences conjuguées du droit des contrats et du droit de la concurrence. En effet, la liberté contractuelle ne s’oppose-t-elle pas à toute idée de transparence et d’équilibre entre les parties ? De même, permet-elle un contrôle effectif des comportements des opérateurs ? Réels, ces obstacles ne semblent pourtant pas insurmontables. Pour peu que l’on redéfinisse leurs rôles de manière claire, droit des contrats et droit de la concurrence sont conciliables. En imposant un point de départ fixe et transparent ainsi que des limites, le droit permettrait aux parties d’adapter leur convention à leurs besoins sans crainte d’abus. Formalisée, cette dernière permettrait également au législateur de s’assurer de l’absence de pratiques susceptibles de fausser irrémédiablement la concurrence
“Root of any commercial negotiation”, Conditions of Sale (i. E. General conditions of sale, specific conditions of sale and retailing global contracts) are essential for business. Yet, subject to the combined influence of two opposing rights: contract law and competition law, they raise many questions in practice. Is market transparency compatible with freedom of contract? If so, will this freedom emphasize the existing economic imbalances? Can the law-maker admit negotiability without abandoning the idea of effective controls? Although they exist, all these obstacles do not seem insurmountable. As long as their roles are clearly redefined, contract and competition laws can be reconciled. Thanks to a fixed and transparent basis as well as limitations, the parties would be allowed to tailor their agreement to their needs without any risk of imbalance. Formalized, such contract would also make the legislator sure that it doesn’t contain competition distorting clauses
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Lama, Bustinza José Andrés. "Concurrent delay: proposed solution to a shared responsibility." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123864.

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Any contractual operation has a risk, which can be assumed by one of the parties, as agreed. In this context, it is common for cases of delays due to concurrent causes imputable to both parties, which can generate a high difficulty when assigning the risk. In this article, the author explains, from a comparative perspective, the different possibilities of solution in front of cases related with the concurrent delay controversies. It analyzes the various doctrines developed both in the Civil Law tradition and in the Common Law.
Toda operación contractual conlleva un riesgo, el cual puede ser asumido por una de las partes según lo convenido. En ese contexto, es habitual que se presenten casos de demora (por causas concurrentes imputable a ambas partes, lo cual puede generar una gran dificultad al momento de asignar el riesgo. En el presente artículo, el autor explica, desde una perspectiva comparada, las diferentes posibilidades de solución frente a las controverisas relacionadas con la mora concurrente. Se analiza las diversas doctrinas desarrolladas tanto en la tradición del Civil Law como del Common Law.
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Akoka, Fanette. "Contrats de la commande publique et environnement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0510.

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La situation préoccupante de l’environnement conduit à une diversification des moyens d’action juridiques conduisant à le protéger. Les contrats de la commande publique, dotés d’un pouvoir économique important, sont qualifiés de levier de politique publique. Les contrats de la commande publique peuvent donc être des vecteurs de protection de l’environnement. La portée est relativisée par les sources des contrats étudiés qui font primer la libre-concurrence vis-à-vis de l’environnement et par leur mise en œuvre. Celle-ci, fortement conditionnée par les impératifs concurrentiels et les principes de la commande publique, se trouve confrontée à des obstacles extrinsèques au contrat, tel que l’acte administratif unilatéral à visée environnementale. Les contrats de la commande publique contribuent « de lege lata » à la protection de l’environnement, par certaines obligations législatives, par une pénétration de l’environnement dans les mécanismes contractuels classiques et l’apparition de nouvelles techniques (pré)contractuelles tournées vers la qualité ou la performance environnementale. Une systématisation de l’intégration de l’environnement dans les contrats de la commande publique par le biais d’obligations législatives, couplée à une incitation, tendent à l’exhaustivité « de lege ferenda » de la protection de l’environnement par les contrats de la commande publique
The worrisome environmental situation has led to a diversification in the types of legal actions leading to its protection. Public procurement, endowed with a strong economic power, qualifies as a public policy lever. Public procurement can thus be a medium for environmental protection. Its scope is relativized by the sources of the contracts studied, which prioritize free competition over the environment, and by their implementation. The latter, strongly conditioned by competitive imperatives and by the principles of public procurement, is confronted with extrinsic obstacles to the contract, such as unilateral administrative acts with an environmental focus. Public procurement contracts contribute « de lege lata » to the protection of the environment, by virtue of certain legislative obligations, through the insertion of the environment in conventional contractual mechanisms and by the emergence of new (pre)contractual techniques that are aimed at environmental quality and performance. The systematization of the integration of the environment into public procurement by means of legislative obligations coupled with inducements is leading to comprehensive « de lege ferenda » protection of the environment through public procurement
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Books on the topic "Contracts for concurrency"

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Office, General Accounting. Navy ships: Concurrency within the SSN-21 program : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1990.

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Laguerre, Alain. Concurrence dans les marchés publics. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1989.

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Dhillon, Jasbir Singh. Concurrence of duties in contract and tort. Harlow: Longman, 1991.

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Houin, Roger. Droit commercial.: Concurrence et contrats du commerce. 9th ed. Paris: Dalloz, 1990.

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Holyoak, J. H. Concurrent liability in tort and contract. Croydon: Tolley Publishing, 1990.

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Pédamon, Michel. Droit commercial: Commerçants et fonds de commerce : concurrence et contrats du commerce. Paris: Dalloz, 1994.

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Pédamon, Michel. Droit commercial: Commerçants et fonds de commerce, concurrence et contrats du commerce. 2nd ed. Paris: Dalloz, 2000.

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Shaw, Daniel J. Politique de concurrence: Fusions verticales et restrictions contractuelles verticales du commerce. Ottawa, Ont: Bibliothèque du Parlement, Service de recherche, 1991.

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Choné, Anne-Sophie. Les abus de domination: Essai en droit des contrats et en droit de la concurrence. Paris: Economica, 2010.

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Iannuzzi, Piero. L'obligation de non-concurrence dans les sociétés de professionnels: Vers une théorie de liberté de choix contractuelle. Montréal, Québec: Wilson & Lafleur, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contracts for concurrency"

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Castagna, Giuseppe, and Luca Padovani. "Contracts for Mobile Processes." In CONCUR 2009 - Concurrency Theory, 211–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04081-8_15.

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Laneve, Cosimo, and Luca Padovani. "The Pairing of Contracts and Session Types." In Concurrency, Graphs and Models, 681–700. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68679-8_42.

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Bernardi, Giovanni, and Matthew Hennessy. "Using Higher-Order Contracts to Model Session Types (Extended Abstract)." In CONCUR 2014 – Concurrency Theory, 387–401. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44584-6_27.

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Lourenço, João M. "Verifying Real-World Software with Contracts for Concurrency." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 70–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03427-6_9.

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Zhang, An, and Kunlong Zhang. "Enabling Concurrency on Smart Contracts Using Multiversion Ordering." In Web and Big Data, 425–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96893-3_32.

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Qu, Meixun, Xin Huang, Xu Chen, Yi Wang, Xiaofeng Ma, and Dawei Liu. "Formal Verification of Smart Contracts from the Perspective of Concurrency." In Smart Blockchain, 32–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05764-0_4.

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Chadha, Rohit, John C. Mitchell, Andre Scedrov, and Vitaly Shmatikov. "Contract Signing, Optimism, and Advantage." In CONCUR 2003 - Concurrency Theory, 366–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45187-7_24.

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Gommerstadt, Hannah, Limin Jia, and Frank Pfenning. "Session-Typed Concurrent Contracts." In Programming Languages and Systems, 771–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89884-1_27.

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Padovani, Luca. "Contract-Directed Synthesis of Simple Orchestrators." In CONCUR 2008 - Concurrency Theory, 131–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85361-9_13.

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Bocchi, Laura, Kohei Honda, Emilio Tuosto, and Nobuko Yoshida. "A Theory of Design-by-Contract for Distributed Multiparty Interactions." In CONCUR 2010 - Concurrency Theory, 162–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15375-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contracts for concurrency"

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Dickerson, Thomas, Paul Gazzillo, Maurice Herlihy, and Eric Koskinen. "Adding Concurrency to Smart Contracts." In PODC '17: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3087801.3087835.

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Li, Yue. "Finding Concurrency Exploits on Smart Contracts." In 2019 IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icse-companion.2019.00061.

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Anjana, Parwat Singh, Sweta Kumari, Sathya Peri, Sachin Rathor, and Archit Somani. "Entitling concurrency to smart contracts using optimistic transactional memory." In ICDCN '19: International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3299723.

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Delahaye, Benoît, Benoît Caillaud, and Axel Legay. "Probabilistic Contracts: A Compositional Reasoning Methodology for the Design of Stochastic Systems." In 2010 10th International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acsd.2010.13.

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Dias, Ricardo J., Carla Ferreira, Jan Fiedor, Joao M. Lourenco, Ales Smrcka, Diogo G. Sousa, and Tomas Vojnar. "Verifying Concurrent Programs Using Contracts." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icst.2017.25.

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Kerfoot, Eric, and Steve McKeever. "Checking concurrent contracts with aspects." In the 2010 ACM Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1774088.1774611.

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Araujo, Wladimir, Lionel Briand, and Yvan Labiche. "Concurrent Contracts for Java in JML." In 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issre.2008.9.

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Rumpf, Richard L., and Mark E. Gindele. "Effects of Collocation on the Integrated Product Team and the Impact on Cost, Schedule, and Risk." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/eim-1421.

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Abstract:
Abstract Program Managers need to look beyond the veil of potential benefits to assess the risks of contractor proposed concurrent engineering efforts. The mere mention of concurrent engineering or its synonym, integrated product team, does not in itself reduce program schedule and cost. Evaluations should center upon the offeror’s past success with these initiatives and the fundamental steps leading to their implementation. In a recent study of several programs involving the manufacture of Aircraft Launch and Recovery Equipment (ALRE) and support equipment, the effects of integrated product teams were assessed. Several of the programs studied had been competitively awarded to contractors that subsequently defaulted on their contract. The equipment programs were then successfully manufactured by the Prototyping and Manufacturing department at Naval Air Warfare Center, Lakehurst, NJ. Data from the study indicated the success of the manufacture was directly attributable to the use of integrated product teams. Extensive communication between engineering, manufacturing, and testing teams led to the resolution of problems quickly. Face to face meetings were frequent and issues were resolved in minutes without resorting to technical memorandums or other protracted written documents. Collocation of the team members was considered the most critical factor to gaining any benefits from concurrent engineering. Further evidence indicated the more complex a system, the more collocation was critical to its successful completion. Complexity, when measured by the number of parts, critical interfaces, and final testing requirements, was assessed for each program. The more complex programs had employed more frequent and local communication.
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Yu, Lian, Wei-Tek Tsai, Guannan Li, Yafe Yao, Chenjian Hu, and Enyan Deng. "Smart-Contract Execution with Concurrent Block Building." In 2017 IEEE Symposium on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sose.2017.33.

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Wüst, Karl, Sinisa Matetic, Silvan Egli, Kari Kostiainen, and Srdjan Capkun. "ACE: Asynchronous and Concurrent Execution of Complex Smart Contracts." In CCS '20: 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3372297.3417243.

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