Journal articles on the topic 'Contractors Interviews'
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1
Ayegba, C., and D. Root. "Critical attributes for selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships." Environmental Technology and Science Journal 12, no. 2 (April 22, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/etsj.v12i2.1.
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The construction industry is increasingly embracing long-term collaborative relationships for project delivery. Since it is not all contractors that are suitable for collaboration and long-term relationships, and most clients are familiar with traditional practices of selecting contractors, there is need for an understanding on the critical attributes to consider in selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The aim of this study is to determine the appropriate attributes required of contractors to successfully perform in long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The qualitative research methodology was adopted in this study, consisting of multiple case studies of organisations employing framework contracts in South Africa. Data for the study were collected via semi-structured interviews with 16 key informants of eight purposively selected organisations. The data were analysed with the aid of Nvivo 11 qualitative data analysis software utilising thematic qualitative data analysis techniques and presented using word clouds and direct quotes from key informants. The findings indicate that the critical attributes to consider when selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships are: team working attribute, commitment, innovativeness, and attributes relating to the behaviour and attitude of the contractors, such as openness, honesty, trust, transparency, ethical and being realistic. These critical attributes are add-ons to other general attributes (such as technical capacity, experience, and price) for contractor selection which are already sufficiently articulated in literature. The study result provides knowledge that can aid better decision making in selecting appropriate contractor for long-term collaborative relationship contracts in the construction Industry
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Ayegba, C., and D. Root. "Critical attributes for selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships." Environmental Technology and Science Journal 12, no. 2 (April 22, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/etsj.v12i2.1.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is increasingly embracing long-term collaborative relationships for project delivery. Since it is not all contractors that are suitable for collaboration and long-term relationships, and most clients are familiar with traditional practices of selecting contractors, there is need for an understanding on the critical attributes to consider in selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The aim of this study is to determine the appropriate attributes required of contractors to successfully perform in long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The qualitative research methodology was adopted in this study, consisting of multiple case studies of organisations employing framework contracts in South Africa. Data for the study were collected via semi-structured interviews with 16 key informants of eight purposively selected organisations. The data were analysed with the aid of Nvivo 11 qualitative data analysis software utilising thematic qualitative data analysis techniques and presented using word clouds and direct quotes from key informants. The findings indicate that the critical attributes to consider when selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships are: team working attribute, commitment, innovativeness, and attributes relating to the behaviour and attitude of the contractors, such as openness, honesty, trust, transparency, ethical and being realistic. These critical attributes are add-ons to other general attributes (such as technical capacity, experience, and price) for contractor selection which are already sufficiently articulated in literature. The study result provides knowledge that can aid better decision making in selecting appropriate contractor for long-term collaborative relationship contracts in the construction Industry
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Ayegba, C., and D. Root. "Critical attributes for selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships." Environmental Technology and Science Journal 12, no. 2 (April 22, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/etsj.v12i2.1.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is increasingly embracing long-term collaborative relationships for project delivery. Since it is not all contractors that are suitable for collaboration and long-term relationships, and most clients are familiar with traditional practices of selecting contractors, there is need for an understanding on the critical attributes to consider in selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The aim of this study is to determine the appropriate attributes required of contractors to successfully perform in long-term collaborative relationship contracts. The qualitative research methodology was adopted in this study, consisting of multiple case studies of organisations employing framework contracts in South Africa. Data for the study were collected via semi-structured interviews with 16 key informants of eight purposively selected organisations. The data were analysed with the aid of Nvivo 11 qualitative data analysis software utilising thematic qualitative data analysis techniques and presented using word clouds and direct quotes from key informants. The findings indicate that the critical attributes to consider when selecting contractors for long-term collaborative relationships are: team working attribute, commitment, innovativeness, and attributes relating to the behaviour and attitude of the contractors, such as openness, honesty, trust, transparency, ethical and being realistic. These critical attributes are add-ons to other general attributes (such as technical capacity, experience, and price) for contractor selection which are already sufficiently articulated in literature. The study result provides knowledge that can aid better decision making in selecting appropriate contractor for long-term collaborative relationship contracts in the construction Industry
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Saraç Çıracıoğlu, Ayşen, and Hakan Yaman. "BIM Based Time Management Among Construction Contractors in Turkey." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 52, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.17918.
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In both developing and industrialised countries, due to numerous time-related problems of construction projects, BIM-based time management, 4D BIM, plays an increasingly critical role within the industry. This study investigates the planning and scheduling problems, BIM application level, and BIM-based scheduling implementation by the lead construction companies in Turkey. Despite the critical importance of the planning department in construction companies, the planning and BIM integration levels have scarcely been investigated from the contractor perspective in Turkey. This paper presents the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews (SSI) with managers of the leading Turkish contractors selected from 100 of ENR’s 2019 Top 250 International Contractors list; a list of issues are outlined. The current situation escalates problems like tendering with missing project documents, examining 2D project drawings while scheduling, fragmentation, project manager’s reluctance to use and follow the project schedule, issues with updating the schedule as per construction improvements and quantities, and a lack of investment for BIM implementation. The research findings, ultimately, aim to help contractors improve their processes. Although this study’s findings are obtained from interviews with lead Turkish contractors, it is not limited in terms of geographic context since the interviewed contractors work worldwide.
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Long Chen, Hong. "Empirical behavioral analysis of project contractors' supply‐chain payment terms." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 17, no. 3 (April 27, 2012): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541211227117.
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PurposeResearchers in supply chain (SC) payment management have long sought to understand how project contractors, project owners, specialist contractors, and suppliers behave in the context of negotiating payment terms that improve contractors' SC cash flow.Design/methodology/approachUsing a single case study approach, semi‐structured interviews with contract and project managers identify behavioral patterns. An analysis of categorical experiments and Spearman's correlation tests on 118 surveys from Taiwanese project contracting corporations generalizes the case findings.FindingsThe findings suggest that payment terms of project owners, specialists, and suppliers have an important impact on contractors' working capital. The findings also reveal that contractors pass project owners' payment terms down to specialists and suppliers, suggesting that contractors' behavior depends on that of the project owners.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper generalizes the case findings via surveys, but does not assume that the reported behavior patterns apply to all business enterprises. Future research could triangulate the findings.Originality/valueThis study combines qualitative and quantitative methods to understand how the project owner‐contractor‐supplier (or owner‐contractor‐specialist) triad behaves. Particularly, it focuses on an economic sector – real estate and construction – that receives less research interest than processing or manufacturing.
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Gurgun, Asli Pelin, and Kerim Koc. "Contractor prequalification for green buildings—evidence from Turkey." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 6 (January 30, 2020): 1377–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2019-0543.
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PurposeCompetent contractors are one of the critical stakeholders to achieve targeted sustainability objectives in green building (GB) projects. Prior to contractor selection, prequalification is an important step, which requires contractors with certain capabilities in addition to traditional features. This study aims to develop a systematic and practical model for prequalification in GB projects using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach by adopting the analytical hierarchy process (AHP).Design/methodology/approachThe AHP model with 8 main criteria groups and 25 sub-criteria is structured based on literature review and professional opinions accompanied by a pilot study. Then, interviews with experts, who are experienced in the development and application phases of GB projects in Turkey, are arranged to collect judgements. The agreement levels between different groups of experts are analysed via Pearson's and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Model applicability is tested on six hypothetical contractors for practicality.FindingsThe results show that i) financial capabilities, ii) legal status and iii) sustainability groups are the top three main criteria, while i) compliance with schedule requirements of the client, ii) current legal status including suits, iii) negative litigation history records, iv) contractor's compliance capacity to client's sustainability checklist for the proposed project and v) sustainability with lower life cycle cost (durability, maintenance, constructability) are the top five sub-criteria.Originality/valueThere is a gap in the literature analysing contractor prequalification phase in GB projects. This study attempts to fill this lack provided with a practical evaluation tool.
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Othman, Ayman, and Nishani Harinarain. "AN INVESTIGATION INTO CONTRACTORS’ EVALUATION OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE JBCC PRINCIPAL BUILDING AGREEMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Construction Project Management and Innovation 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2011): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcpmi.v1i1.9.
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Construction is a risky business, and risk management is an essential responsibility in managing construction projects and organisations. Hence, construction contracts have been developed to organise the relationship between project participants and manage associated risks. This paper provides an investigation into the contractors’ responses and feedback obtained through the application of an innovative framework developed by the authors towards identifying, quantifying and classifying the risks associated with the Joint Building Contractors Committee Principal Building Agreement Series 2000 (JBCC PBA) in South Africa. Qualitative and quantitative techniques have been used in this study for data collection and analysis. Purposive sampling was adopted to identify the respondents, and 9 construction managers were interviewed. The interviews were structured so that they were carried out in a free and unbiased manner and responding contractors were asked to complete a questionnaire. Analysis of responses showed that the developed Identification, Quantification and Classification Framework (IQCF) is an innovative and accepted tool that is able to fill the gap in managing project risks and will complement current practices. It is seen to be of benefit to firms in assisting with training of employees and helping junior employees understands and uses the JBCC (PBA). Investigating the validity and reliability of the developed framework is of prime importance to ensure its suitability to manage risks associated with the JBCC (PBA). For this reason contractor’s responses and feedback are based on the practical application of the framework which ultimately increases its value and contribution to the construction industry. The adoption and application of the framework will enable contractors to enhance the risk-management process in South Africa.
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Sari, Tanti Olivina. "IDENTIFIKASI HAZARDPADA PEKERJA KONTRAKTOR SIPIL DENGAN METODE CSMS DI PT. X PASURUAN." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v6i1.2017.88-96.
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Hazard is always available on every work process in the workplace and each hazard has a different level of potential hazard, and therefore needs to be done identification hazard. Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) Program in PT. X applied to prevent and suppress the occurrence of a hazard to the civilian contractors. This study was conducted to identify the hazard to workers civilian contractors using CSMS PT. X Pasuruan. This research was an observational descriptive and presented in the narrative. Identification of hazard in stage are pre-work activities and execution of work at civilian contractor PT. X Pasuruan. The data collection method was by observation, indepth interview, and interviews. The results showed on the stage of pre-employment activities PT.1 as a civilian contractor company in cooperation with PT. X Pasuruan, meets only 14 subjects (93.3%). At the stage of implementation of the work there are two items that realization is not achieved, and at the final evaluation stage there are three items that are below 80% votes and does not meet the requirements. Risk of harm to the contractor civilians in the workplace can be prevented to a minimum, it was because a good management system in the company. Companies obedient in carrying CSMS program regulating health and safety management systems of work, by making the program a monitoring schedule for the work progresses and increasing Awareness to contractors, by providing training in occupational health and safety aspects.Keywords: identification, potential hazard
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Lappalainen, Eelon, Petteri Uusitalo, Ergo Pikas, Olli Seppänen, Antti Peltokorpi, Petri Uusitalo, Ana Reinbold, and Nikolai Menzhinskii. "Improving Design Quality by Contractor Involvement: An Empirical Study on Effects." Buildings 12, no. 8 (August 8, 2022): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081188.
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It is generally acknowledged that good-quality design is a prerequisite for good quality and productive construction work. One proposed measure to improve the quality of construction has been contractors’ involvement in the design phase, and this phenomenon has been studied by several researchers. However, such approaches have not adequately addressed how this involvement affects the quality of the design. In this study, the aim was to study the effects of the early involvement of contactors on design quality based on evaluating the design quality factors. A case study was used to collect data and content analysis to analyze structural drawings and design meeting minutes of a large-scale infrastructure project. Particularly, the focus was on gathering information on the quality of the design and how it was addressed in the design coordination. We combined this quantitative data with qualitative open-ended thematic interviews, including respondents who led and coordinated the design on both the client and contractor sides. Our findings suggest that despite the vast amount of design changes, contractors’ involvement and development work in the detailed design phase improved design quality and constructability. Our findings also suggest that the contractor’s involvement during the schematic design phase had a design-enhancing effect in the detailed design phase. This study contributes to our understanding of contractors’ valuable role in design quality.
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Nugraha, Coki Adianta, Wateno Oetomo, and Haris Muhammadun. "THE ANALYSIS OF CONTRACTOR SELECTION PRIORITY DETERMINATION FOR THE LONG SEMAMU – LONG BAWAN 2 ROAD CONTRUCTION PROJECT, NORTH KALIMANTAN." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (IJATEIS) 1, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.55047/ijateis.v1i4.460.
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Road construction is one of the fulfillment of the government's duties in providing mobility facilities for people's land transportation to move from one place to another. The government, through contractors as road construction implementers, must work carefully, so it is important for the government to select road construction contractors who meet predetermined criteria so that the road construction process can take place optimally. This study aims to find priority criteria and alternative contractors in the process of selecting Long Semamu – Long Bawan Road Construction Contractors. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with the aim of determining the Criteria and Alternative Variables. The population of this study were employees of the Public Works Department as the Tender Team for the Selection of Road Construction Contractors as many as 32 people with the research sample being the total population. Data collection techniques were carried out by distributing questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis techniques for research aids use the AHP method with AHP data processing software (Expert Choice version 11). The results of the study prove that the Price Criteria is a priority criterion in the selection of road construction contractors. In addition, Contractor C is an alternative priority in road construction.
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Agbenyegah, Albert Tchey, and Kelehile Joseph Motlhale. "Risk Management Of Integration Challenges: A Case Study Of Informal Contractors Of Emerging Markets." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 35, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v35i2.10300.
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The construction industry across emerging countries are exposed to high risk volumes and uncertainties. The industry requires efficient management systems not only to render the industry sustainable but to enable the industry to become viable. This phenomenon is common occurrence in rural areas across most emerging countries which are in dire need of infrastructure repairs and building employee skills. This study identifies integration challenges as one of the high risk factors (HRFs) of the construction industry. In addition, practical suggestions were stated based on empirical findings. The nature of risks as revealed by the survey represents series of challenges that confronts informal contractors during the integration processes. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). A total of 134 informal contractors were approached for empirical data. Being qualitative and exploratory study, the interview processes and FGDs were in two sections; four informal contractors took part in face-to-face interviews. One hundred and thirty (N=130) informal contractors consisting of thirteen groups of 10 members each group participated in FGDs. Responses from interviews revealed multitudes of empirical outcomes which pointed to the complex nature of integration challenges that impede on the processes of integration. Drawing on the findings, practical recommendations were made ranging from tailored-made education and training initiatives and adequate funding models to reduce some of the integration challenges.
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Whang, Seoung-Wook, Sohrab Donyavi, Roger Flanagan, and Sangyong Kim. "BALANCED APPROACH FOR TENDERING PRACTICE AT THE PRE-CONTRACT STAGE: THE UK PRACTITIONER’S PERSPECTIVE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 28, no. 5 (May 3, 2022): 338–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2022.16580.
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Tender documents often lack clarity and are incomplete, making it difficult for contractors to appropriately price projects. A general view is that the quality of tender documents has declined, which has affected the bidding strategies of contractors. However, the academic literature has focused mainly upon the views of contractors. To obtain a more balanced view of tendering practices, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 practitioners (client, consultant, and contractor) who are involved in a common project at the same time in the UK construction industry. The contractor was satisfied that the quality of tender documents had been consistent. By contrast, both the client and the consultant agreed that the quality of tender documents is an ongoing issue. During the study it was revealed that tendering practice is influenced by the relationship between stakeholders or the unbalanced access to information rather than the accuracy and analysis of tender documentations. Tendering practices and proposed efficient ways of improving the bidding environment were examined. Using the awareness of other project stakeholder’s perspectives, this study can help the contractor to establish suitable tendering practices, and to mitigate tender risk at the bidding stage, which could effectively be implemented in the UK construction industry.
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Sabri, Omar K., and Olav Torp. "Corrective and Preventive Action Plan (CAPA) for Disputes in Construction Projects: A Norwegian Perspective." Infrastructures 7, no. 5 (April 24, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7050063.
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The consensus in the Norwegian construction industry is that the projects are characterized by conflicts. Because unresolved disputes that reach courts take time and resources to be solved, this leads to lost productivity and high costs for all stakeholders. Of the root causes of conflicts identified previously, tender specification and contract understanding were the most significant issues. To expand on previous findings, a qualitative analysis of 58 formal, semi-structured interviews was conducted to determine whether personal characteristics and types of contracts presented conflicts. Interviews were conducted with contractors, public clients, consultants, academics, and lawyers. Data were analyzed using NVIVO 12.0 following specific relevant themes and thematic maps. Corrective and preventive actions included the development of a new method to produce better-prepared tender documents, knowledge building in contract management, training to ensure better communication and dialogue between client and contractor, trust-building, dispute resolution along the way, and avoid awarding contracts at the lowest price or the use of a hybrid model. Improved routines may drive costs down, and cooperation and new forms of tendering and contracting could be the key to prevent and minimize disputes in Norway.
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Sabri, Omar K., and Olav Torp. "Corrective and Preventive Action Plan (CAPA) for Disputes in Construction Projects: A Norwegian Perspective." Infrastructures 7, no. 5 (April 24, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7050063.
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The consensus in the Norwegian construction industry is that the projects are characterized by conflicts. Because unresolved disputes that reach courts take time and resources to be solved, this leads to lost productivity and high costs for all stakeholders. Of the root causes of conflicts identified previously, tender specification and contract understanding were the most significant issues. To expand on previous findings, a qualitative analysis of 58 formal, semi-structured interviews was conducted to determine whether personal characteristics and types of contracts presented conflicts. Interviews were conducted with contractors, public clients, consultants, academics, and lawyers. Data were analyzed using NVIVO 12.0 following specific relevant themes and thematic maps. Corrective and preventive actions included the development of a new method to produce better-prepared tender documents, knowledge building in contract management, training to ensure better communication and dialogue between client and contractor, trust-building, dispute resolution along the way, and avoid awarding contracts at the lowest price or the use of a hybrid model. Improved routines may drive costs down, and cooperation and new forms of tendering and contracting could be the key to prevent and minimize disputes in Norway.
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Tam, Vivian W. Y., C. M. Tam, and William C. Y. Ng. "On prefabrication implementation for different project types and procurement methods in Hong Kong." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2007): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17260530710746614.
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PurposeThe use of prefabrication has been considered as one of the most effective waste minimization methods in the construction context; however, the industry has found difficulties to implement it. Contractors lack experience in using prefabrication and they do not know how to implement prefabrication to their projects effectively. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a study on the implementation of prefabrication in the context of different project types and procurement approaches.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines possible project types and procurement methods to maximally gain benefits of using prefabricated building components. A questionnaire survey and structured interviews have been conducted.FindingsFrom the results, it should be noted that residential projects and design and build procurement methods are the most effective project types and procurement methods, respectively, in using prefabrication. In the interview discussion, one of the governmental employees highlighted that about 65 percent of projects are residential projects. The high supply of residential housing suits fast population growth in Hong Kong. The interviewee also explained that shortening construction period is one of the main goals in their projects. Furthermore, an interviewed main contractor highlighted that the involvement of contractors at the early design stage in a project can bring advantages in considering construction methods before project commencement on site and to improve project constructability. An interviewed subcontractor also explained that the involvement of construction organizations in the design stage can effectively improve the use of prefabrication in major activities including concreting, plastering and formworking, rather than wet‐trade construction activities. Therefore, the use of standardized designs and prefabricated building components are highly encouraged.Originality/valueThis brings early considerations and suggestions to project parties to improve prefabrication implementation. The effects of prefabrication implementation are also considered.
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Ritson, Neil Henry, Mark M. J. Wilson, and David A. Cohen. "Managing engineering contractors in the UK petrochemicals industry." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 1067–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-08-2015-0127.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate, at the industry level, the modes of governance used by multinational companies in the UK petrochemical industry to outsource maintenance activities to engineering contractors. The study focusses on a form of novel governance structure called an Employer Panel (EP). Design/methodology/approach The study applies an inductive case study method to investigate the contractor governance mechanisms in 19 out of the 20 major petrochemical instillations located in the UK. Data included interviews, documentary and secondary evidence gathered from the cases and also industry bodies. Findings The study uncovered three distinct types of governance mode: market, managing contractor, and EP of contractors. The latter relies on the governance process of “mandated collaboration” to coordinate. Research limitations/implications The main limitation is the focus on a particular industry, albeit an important one. The research implications include extending the empirical research into other sectors which use on-site contracted maintenance such as ship and aircraft manufacturing. Practical implications The EP structure with its mandated collaboration process is of value to managers of contractual relationships as it gives insights into coordinative process and it may provide an alternative model for managing outsourcing relationships. Social implications The mandated collaborative process requires clients to engage its contractors in longer term relationships, thus increasing corporate social responsibility and providing wider job security for contractor employees. Originality/value The EP mode, as far as can be ascertained, has not been addressed in the literature before.
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Shafii, Haryati, Nur Afifah Mohd Radzi, Azlina Md Yassin, and Haidaliza Masram. "IMPLEMENTING COVID-19 STANDARD OPERATION PROCEDURE (SOP) IN MALAYSIA CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES." International Journal of Property Sciences 12, no. 1 (August 30, 2022): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/ijps.vol12no1.3.
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The COVID-19 disease has impacted the performance of all industries, including the construction industry. In order to curb the spread of the disease, the government has conducted Movement Control Order (MCO). Consequently, a construction project is not allowed to be operated unless the implementation of the new SOP aims to curb the spread of COVID-19 disease among workers on the construction site. The operation of the construction site has resulted in new clusters of COVID-19 in the early phase of the outbreak which led to the project shut down. The objective of this study is to identify the challenges of implementation of SOP during the outbreak of COVID-19 from the contractor’s perspective and to suggest a solution for controlling the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak at the construction site. In collecting data and responses from the respondents, interviews were held through the telephone conversation and video conferencing with nine (9) contractors in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. The selection was made through the purposive sampling technique in which the contractors were selected from the contractor listing on the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) website. Content analysis is used to identify the main challenges. Results from interviews found four (4) challenges faced by contractors and five (5) solutions for mitigating the effect of an outbreak. The challenges include wearing face masks, maintaining social distancing, securing authority approval letter, and restriction of workers’ numbers. On the other hand, the solutions that are highlighted include proper planning and scheduling, complying with COVID-19 standard operating procedures (SOP), controlling the movement of workers, providing all workers’ vaccination, and conducting regular COVID-19 tests. These findings have shown that having SOP for COVID-19 has posed challenges to the activities on the construction sites. As such, the findings intend to increase the awareness among construction companies on the challenges towards the implementation of the best practices to overcome these challenges.
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Sezer, Ahmet Anil. "Contractor use of productivity and sustainability indicators for building refurbishment." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 5, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-11-2013-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the use of building refurbishment productivity and sustainability indicators among construction contractors. Design/methodology/approach – Theories of organisational culture and incentives predict that contractor size affects dependency on routines and the implementation of company policies on site. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with three general or site managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and five site managers of large contractors involved in housing and office refurbishment projects in Sweden. Findings – Both SMEs and large contractors track resource use on refurbishment sites. Resource use is measured through cost recording systems and a few area-based key indicators. SMEs may have sustainability policies, but routines derived from such policies were weak on site. However, for SMEs, refurbishment technology choices are often made by the client’s designer, and sustainability requirements are included in the contract specifications. For large contractors, sustainability policies are more developed and are reflected in site routines. Large contractors are usually public companies with stakeholders who expect such routines. Practical implications – Contractors that develop strategies for increasing productivity and sustainability can benefit from a deeper understanding of implementation issues. The outcome of this paper is useful while designing new indicators and building certification schemes. Originality/value – Much has been written about key performance indicators for construction, but little attention has been paid to indicators for building refurbishment, or the use of measurement routines.
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Nzima, Lwando. "CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jonas.5.1.713.
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This article evaluated the knowledge of Construction Waste Management (CWM) among contractors in Gqeberha and establish what legislative shortcomings were there in terms of CWM regulations. The reduction in landfilling could decrease the waste management cost for construction companies, and reduce negative impacts on the environment. This article used a qualitative design approach. The primary data was obtained through structured interviews from a selected number of main contractors in Gqeberha. The study focused on on-site agents, contracts managers, and Health Safety and Envronment officers through a nonprobability sampling technique. The study reveled that the lack of government legislation, to discourage the landfilling of waste, was the main catalyst. The primary data also stated that the lack of recycling facilities also contributed to the abundance of landfilling waste among contractors in Gqeberha. The research findings also showed that contractors in Gqeberha were knowledgeable on several construction waste management strategies. Future research will require contractors to research the potential economic benefits of CWM, as well as minimisation and recovery CWM strategies, and the local municipality to explore methods of discouraging landfilling waste, within the construction industry and in other sectors, as well as the economic and environmental benefits of CWM. The article provided insight concerning the CW and CWM practices among contractors in Gqeberha, including identifying the interventions required to address shortcomings.
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George, Hove. "Eliciting the Financial Challenges Facing Emerging Contractors in Developing Countries Using the Critical Incident Technique: A Case of South African Construction Industry." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 2 (November 9, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v4i2.10289.
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The purpose of this paper was to determine the financial critical incidents that are encountered by emerging contractors in the construction industry in Gauteng, South Africa. The methodology of assessment was based on critical incident technique, a qualitative method which has been considered reliable in tourism and hospitality studies. An interview guide which was evaluated in terms of reliability and validity was used to collect critical incidents from the respondents. Based on the interviews conducted, the respondents highlighted twenty eight financial critical incidents perceived to have an impact or impacts on Emerging Contractors’ performance. The incidents identified were the inability of Emerging Contractors to properly manage cash flow, poor budgetary planning and cash flow, poor financial decision making and lack of collateral. In order to improve Emerging Contractors’ performance, executives are required to plan construction projects in order to guide their execution and control. The limitation of the study was that the perceptions drawn were extracted from 12 respondents who represented emerging contractors in Gauteng Province. Therefore, the results of the study cannot be generalised to the entire South Africa construction industry, however they can be used as part of the solution towards Emerging Contractors’ performance.
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Almutairi, Saud, Dean Kashiwagi, Jacob Kashiwagi, Mohammed Algahtany, and Kenneth Sullivan. "Procedures and Issues within the Contractors Classification System in Saudi Arabia." Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information and Value 9, no. 2 (March 23, 2020): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37265/japiv.v9i2.31.
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Research has shown that construction projects in Saudi Arabia have exhibited poor performance for the past three decades. The Saudi construction environment lacks many of the best practices found in more developed countries, such as prequalification, bonding, and 3rd party insurance. The government’s construction relies on the low bid delivery method and prequalified contractors using the Contractors’ Classification System (CCS). However, the current CCS does not accurately represent contractors’ capabilities and performance. This paper reviews all of the parts of the Saudi CCS, including the workflow and the evaluation criteria. This paper proposes to analyze the current classification system and identify the issues incorporated in the CCS regulations and classification process. This paper summarizes the authors’ critical review through interviews that have been carried out with key persons in the CCS. Several issues with the CCS are identified, such as no performance feedback, complexity of the system, and high resource requirements. The findings identify that the current CCS must be modified to be able to accurately reflect contractor capability and performance.
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Chadee, Aaron, Hanna Ali, Sihara Gallage, and Upaka Rathnayake. "Modelling the Implications of Delayed Payments on Contractors’ Cashflows on Infrastructure Projects." Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-01-05.
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The consideration of payments to contractors is not only a legal obligation but a necessity for assuring the continuity and completion of a construction project. However, consistent payments to facilitate project cash flows are uncommon in the construction industry. Within the context of a small island developing state, this paper aims to uncover leading risks factors the contributing to implications of delayed payments, on contractors’ cash flows and uncover any causalities and effects on relationships among these factors. A two-tiered quantitative approach was adopted. Firstly, a compiled list of delay factors was collated from the literature review. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with experienced construction professionals to determine the factors’ relevance and applicability in Trinidad and Tobago. A closed-ended survey questionnaire was subsequently developed and administered to primary construction stakeholders. Secondly, the responses obtained were collated, validated, and ranked using the relative importance index. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out using SPSS, and thereafter, SPSS Amos was used to determine the best-fit Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results strongly indicate that the issue of delayed payments is very prevalent within public sector projects. Unstable political climates and the delay in employers’ issuance of variation orders were found to be the main causes of delayed payments within the industry. Delays in sub-contractor and supplier payments as well as an increase in the contractor’s debt are the leading effects of delayed payments on the contractor’s cash flows. Based on these findings, a risk response framework was outlined to assist small to medium-contracting enterprises cope with payment delays, both locally and internationally. This research contributes to the advancement of construction management knowledge by informing construction professionals and policy makers of the implications of delaying approved payments, the consequential causes and effects, and a risk response technique to mitigate the negative effects on contractors’ cash flows. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-01-05 Full Text: PDF
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Aliakbarlou, Sadegh, Suzanne Wilkinson, and Seosamh B. Costello. "Rethinking client value within construction contracting services." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 11, no. 4 (September 3, 2018): 1007–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-07-2017-0076.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the understanding of what clients value from contractors’ services. Understanding client values and the way by which clients perceive value will contribute to client-perceived value within contracting services. Design/methodology/approach A literature review was conducted to understand how clients perceive value in the construction industry. In addition, conducting expert interviews and document analysis helped in achieving the research purpose. Findings The findings show that values associated with time, cost and quality can be considered as important client values, while they are not exclusive values for assessing contractor service anymore. Construction clients are concerned about health and safety, low rate of environmental impact, guarantees, creativity, technology transfer, value for money, reliability and tangibles of their contractors’ services. In addition, they value their contractors’ behaviour, attitude and professionalism. Research limitations/implications The study has disseminated different client values, through classified outcomes, to make the knowledge area more available to construction service providers. This study’s findings helped in understanding client values and how clients perceive value from contractors’ services. With this information, contractors are able to provide better services to clients. Satisfactory delivery of the values identified in this study is believed to have the greatest impact on client-perceived value within contracting services. Developing a management strategy that recognises, prioritises and satisfactorily delivers these values is essential to ensure that highest level of client-perceived value is achieved. Originality/value The construction literature is focussed on traditional values related to time, cost and quality, while this study highlighted the role of values such as trust, commitment, communication and other non-result-ordinated values essential for achieving client satisfaction. This study’s findings proposed a new practical assessment concept to value construction contractor services.
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Mambwe, M., E. M. Mwanaumo, F. Phiri, and K. Chabota. "The Construction Subcontracting Policy Framework for Developing Local Contractors Capacities in Zambia." Journal of Construction Business and Management 4, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jcbm.4.1.644.
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The Zambian construction industry, like many developing countries, has over the past years experienced an imbalance in the distribution of works between local and foreign contractors. In a bid to bridge the gap, the Government of the Republic of Zambia in 2012 introduced a policy on subcontracting which provided for mandatory subcontracting of 20% of all major contracts to local contractors. There has however been outcries from subcontractors that the policy has not been beneficial. The study sought to investigate subcontracting practices in order to develop a framework for building capacity for local contractors within the construction industry in Zambia. The objective of the study was to explore the regulatory requirements on subcontracting in Zambia and establish the 20% subcontracting policy inadquescies . The study adopted the mixed-method approach in which both semi-structured interviews (main contractors, sub-contractors consultants and project owners) and survey questionnaire were adopted for primary data collection. The questionnaire was distributed to 70 respondents and a response rate of 71% was attained. The investigation was conducted on 40 projects implemented in Zambia between 2012 and 2015. The study established four major deficiencies of the policy which include: subcontractors do not participate early in the procurement process and are introduced after contract is awarded; no clear guidelines on the implementation of the policy; subcontractors do not take part in determining works; and it is difficult to grow capacity of local contractors using the 20% subcontracting policy because contractors engaged to be main on projects do not show interest in developing and building local contractors capacity due to lack of incentives. A framework was developed that can be used to meet the study objectives and that of the policy in subcontracting and reduce the current inadequacies. The study recommended the use of the proposed framework by the government to reduce the current gaps.
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Abdalla Mohammed, Shahnaz Ali, and Mohamad Syazli Fathi. "EFFECTIVE CRITERIA FOR SELECTING DELAY ANALYSIS METHODOLOGIES FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECT IN ABU DHABI." ASEAN Engineering Journal 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v12.17117.
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This paper examines the effective criteria to determine the capable delay analysis methodologies by the contractors for the construction’s claim in Abu Dhabi. The previous research was argued that 50% of the construction projects in UAE encounter delays and are not completed on time. Selecting the delay analysis methodology is a significant part of the claim process. Numerous delay analysis techniques used in the UAE, and constitute several factors. Thus, the selection practice is more significant to identify the delays. Contractor’s analyst consumed exaggerated time and effort to show their right using delay analysis methodologies (DAMs) and submit this as an extension of time claim, demanding to make the most of their benefits. The aim of this study contains exploring the selection of the delay analysis methodologies by the contractors for the construction’s claim in Abu Dhabi. In this regard, five case studies were selected on the basis that they represent examples for application of the delay analysis methods and techniques for the residential building. The respondents were selected from five projects and the interviews were held with the Contractor of each project. The collected Qualitative Data was analysed manually by using Thematic Analysis. The study found that the effective criteria for determining the delay analysis methodologies lie in its acceptance in court and as per contractual requirements. Furthermore, the factors influence the selection of the effective criteria for determining the delay analysis methodologies are the acceptance of the selected delay analysis method /technique, realistic results and accuracy of the delay analysis method /technique. However, the findings from this study become more important, if more studies are conducted to extend the exploring of the different delay analysis methodologies used by the contractors for the construction’s claim for wide range of projects in Abu Dhabi.
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Abdi, Adel, Hans Lind, and Björn Birgisson. "Designing appropriate contracts for achieving efficient winter road and railway maintenance with high performance quality." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 6, no. 4 (November 17, 2014): 399–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-06-2014-0033.
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Purpose – For a long time, the winter maintenance of the Swedish road and railway network had been performed in-house by Swedish Transport Administration, Swedish local authorities i.e. municipalities and Stockholm public transport. During the last 15 years the winter operation and maintenance of these state infrastructures have been performed by public procurement and contracting from independent contractors, where in practice the lowest price is the dominating selection criteria. The aim of this paper is to investigate and identify how these contracts are designed and how satisfied the parties are with the contract and the quality of the performed work during the winter and point our directions for improvement. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted by a literature review and followed by semi-structured interviews and electronic questionnaire. Findings – The results of the study which are based on the interviews and the online questionnaire show that there is widespread dissatisfaction with the contracts among both clients and contractors. Practical implications – The article prepares a basis showing how a contract affects the quality of the performed winter road and railway maintenance services. Originality/value – The findings lead to a number of suggestions about how to improve the contracts, e.g. having a separate winter maintenance contract to increase the quality of performed winter maintenance measures, a more partnering-like structure where consultations and adjustment can be made during the contract period. A partnering structure also makes it less important to get all the details right in the contract.
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Mahdi Hosseinian, S., and David G. Carmichael. "Optimal sharing arrangement for multiple project outcomes." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 19, no. 3 (October 28, 2014): 264–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-09-2013-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address a shortfall in the literature dealing with optimal sharing arrangements. In construction projects, where the owner is concerned about multiple project outcomes (cost, time, quality, […]), there exist no guidelines in the literature on what a sharing arrangement should be between the owner and the contractor. This paper gives that arrangement, under defined risk assumptions on the contractor (risk averse ranging to risk neutral) and the owner (risk neutral). The sharing aligns the contractor's interests with those of the owner. Design/methodology/approach – The results are based on solving a constrained maximisation problem involving the expected utilities of both the owner and contractor. Construction practitioners were interviewed in a designed experiment to validate the results. Findings – It is demonstrated that, at the optimum, the proportions of outcomes sharing to the contractor should be higher for outcomes with lower effort cost and a lower level of uncertainty, and by increasing the correlation between outcomes, the fixed component of the contractor’s fee should increase and the proportions to the contractor should decrease. Research limitations/implications – The theoretical results assume that the contractor is risk-averse ranging to risk-neutral, and that the owner is risk-neutral. The theory is supported through conducting an empirical study based on interviewing a sample of practitioners working for medium-sized contractors, and hence the support is limited to similar situations, until further data are assembled. Practical implications – By providing a broader understanding of sharing arrangements within contracts, a contribution is made to the current practice of contracts management. The results may be used in the design of contracts, or as benchmarks, by which contracts designed differently, may be compared. Originality/value – The results address a shortfall in the literature and are an original solution to establishing an optimal multiple-outcome sharing arrangement.
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Muhsen, Hassan kamal, and Sedqi Esmaeel Rezouki. "The Causes Influencing the Occurrence of Variation Orders in the Construction of Buildings." Journal of Engineering 28, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2022.08.03.
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In the construction of buildings usually, problems occur because of the causes of change orders. The main causer of change orders is the owners, consultants, and contractors. These changes lead to conflicts among them which result in influencing building projects. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of change orders to reduce them and facilitate management. This paper determines the most critical factors that cause change orders from a different point of view, a consulting owner and a contractor, and a study of the reality of the management of change orders when constructing public buildings. The method employed in this research is a field survey using interviews with experts working in the construction of public buildings. Furthermore, the questionnaire was distributed manually and electronically. In conclusion, it would appear that the causes of change orders have been hierarchically according to the viewpoint of the owner, contractor, and consultant. The analysis leads to the following conclusions: Agreement of viewpoints owners, contractors, and consultants on the critical causes of variation orders were: ( the difficult financial situation - change material specifications to benefit the project - technical necessity - the nature of the site). Moreover, the point of view (owners and contractors) on the essential factors that cause change orders were: (preparing a bill of quantities is inaccurate - weak consultant guess ). In contrast, the consultant's point of view differs, as he considers these causes ineffective. It can be interpreted that the consultant sees these factors as insignificant because of his duty to implement the bill of quantities and designs. This research paper concludes that a complex causal relationship exists between the causes of change orders. The relative importance index (RII) for variation order causes varies among different groups' viewpoints (owners, contractors, and consultants).
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Moses, Tochukwu, David Heesom, and David Oloke. "Implementing 5D BIM on construction projects: contractor perspectives from the UK construction sector." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 18, no. 6 (May 9, 2020): 1867–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-01-2020-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on primary research findings that sought to investigate and analyse salient issues on the implementation of 5D building information modelling (BIM) from the UK contractors’ perspective. Previous research and efforts have predominantly focussed on the use of technologies for cost estimation and quantity takeoff within a more traditional-led procurement, with a paucity of research focussing on how 5D BIM could facilitate costing within contractor-led procurement. This study fills this current knowledge gap and enhances the understanding of the specific costing challenges faced by contractors in contractor-led projects, leading to the development of 5D framework for use in future projects. Design/methodology/approach To develop a fully detailed understanding of the challenges and issues being faced in this regard, a phenomenological, qualitative-based study was undertaken through interviews involving 21 participants from UK-wide construction organisations. A thematic data analytical process was applied to the data to derive key issues, and this was then used to inform the development of a 5D-BIM costing framework. Findings Multi-disciplinary findings reveal a range of issues faced by contractors when implementing 5D BIM. These exist at strategic, operational and technological levels which require addressing successful implementation of 5D BIM on contractor-led projects adhering to Level 2 BIM standards. These findings cut across the range of stakeholders on contractor-led projects. Ultimately, the findings suggest strong commitment and leadership from organisational management are required to facilitate cost savings and generate accurate cost information. Practical implications This study highlights key issues for any party seeking to effectively deploy 5D BIM on a contractor-led construction project. A considerable cultural shift towards automating and digitising cost functions virtually, stronger collaborative working relationship relative to costing in design development, construction practice, maintenance and operation is required. Originality/value By analysing findings from primary research data, the work concludes with the development of a 5D BIM costing framework to support contractor-led projects which can be implemented to ensure that 5D BIM is successfully implemented.
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Engebø, Atle, Marie Hammer Iversen, Leif Daniel Houck, Ola Lædre, and Jardar Lohne. "Reputation Management in the AEC-industry after Work-related Crime." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 49, no. 2 (November 22, 2018): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.12696.
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Construction companies can be difficult to manage because of complex supply chains, autonomous project managers aiming to maximize net profit, heavy emphasis on price, etc. Another particularity, namely the construction companies' vulnerability for work-related crime, does not receive sufficient attention in the project management literature. In order to study how two major Norwegian contractors managed to safeguard their reputation in the aftermath of the discovery of tax crime and money laundering within their projects, this paper investigates the following research questions: 1) What are the main challenges regarding work-related crime? and 2) How do contractors manage their professional reputation and public image in the aftermath of exposed work-related crime?This is an exploratory study starting with a literature review, followed by a case study consisting of a document study and 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews with representatives on the strategic level. Work-related crime could have a devastating effect on a contractor's reputation. Reputation is perceived to be a vital catalyst for contractors that want to continue in business and conduct projects for reputable clients. Therefore, the most important measure will be to deliver projects according to the agreed price and quality, within the scheduled time, while not compromising either the contract, all the legal jurisdictions aspects or ethical standards. In these particular cases, the contractors perceived their reputation as remaining untarnished due to their successful ad-hoc reputation management. However, the contractors have to do more than just distancing themselves. They must actively prevent criminal actors from entering their projects. This paper is a revised version of the paper (study) published earlier in the proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2018 (Engebø et al., 2018).
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Ortiz, José I., Eugenio Pellicer, and Keith R. Molenaar. "Determining Contingencies in the Management of Construction Projects." Project Management Journal 50, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972819827389.
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This research describes the managerial approaches that contractors follow to determine different types of contingencies in construction project management. Two large Spanish general contractors were selected for an in-depth analysis. Interviews and surveys were conducted with six additional companies to explore the external validity of the findings. Managers constrain time and cost buffers through project objectives, applying heuristics to determine inventory buffers. The management of capacity buffers is entrusted to subcontractors. The contractors take advantage of scope and quality buffers to meet project objectives but rarely share these buffers with the owner, unless the owner is an internal client.
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Eilers, Heather, Wai Chong, Jonghoon Kim, Hariharan Naganathan, and Thomas E. Glavinich†. "Impact of sustainability on business performance and strategy for commercial building contractors." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 12, no. 4 (October 10, 2016): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-07-2016-0032.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the corporate sustainability culture of contracting firms, particularly in the Midwest. Many of the local firms operate nationally. The local corporate culture influences their regional offices. Other than convenience, the firms are selected from Midwest since their headquarters are situated in Midwest region and comprises of more number of employees than their other regional offices. This helped the research to approach more contractors for better survey and interview responses. The paper documents the study on existing management and construction practices these contractors adopt on sustainability and examines how their sustainability efforts influence the firms’ performances. Design/methodology/approach This research utilized surveys and interviews as the primary means of data collection. The data were collected from survey and interviews with selected companies operating in the Midwest region of the USA. One of the companies also operates offices across the country. Data from the interviews and surveys were analyzed using statistical analysis system software application. χ2 analysis, particularly the frequency procedures using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) method was the primary analysis method used to study the relationships between different factors. The CMH method compares the association between and within two groups and permits adjustments of the control variables. Findings The findings of this paper include the results from various Midwest commercial building contractors. The results on different aspects of sustainable practices and their success rates among the contractors are determined and discussed, and future scope of improvements are mentioned at the conclusion of this paper. Research limitations/implications In summary, sustainable business practices are beneficial to society and favorable for the construction business. Embracing sustainable business practices has a positive impact on firm strategic performance for commercial building contractors through employee satisfaction, project opportunities, and market advantage. Sustainable business practices extend into the lives of individuals involved which exceedingly impacts society. The construction industry has advanced sustainability efforts, but there is a long way to go on the journey to being better stewards of the environment and resources. Originality/value A rival theory became apparent during the investigation that a new building consolidating all local company employees could have an impact on firm strategic performance. Third, this paper is confounded by a great recession that made project opportunities and revenue considerations analysis problematic. Some information regarding these aspects were helpful; however, expanding this paper during a more stable and typical economic period could provide additional insight.
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Voutsina, Katerina. "Occupational Networking as a Form of Professional Identification." International Journal of Virtual Communities and Social Networking 2, no. 3 (July 2010): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvcsn.2010070104.
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The impact of virtual networks on economic activity and organizational affairs has long occupied the Information Systems (IS) academic community. Yet what has been paid less attention is the impact of networks on the way contemporary workers perceive themselves at work. Taking into account this gap in the literature, the paper aspires to bring forward issues referring to the implication of virtual networks in the construction of occupational identity of highly-skilled Information Technology (IT) contractors. Drawing upon data from interviews with thirty highly-skilled IT contractors, the paper suggests that the virtual networks among IT contractors and individuals who share the same occupational interests become for the contractors the locus of social interaction, the hub of knowledge generation, the source of occupational control and thus the primary object of professional identification.
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Ling, Florence Y. Y., and Wei Wey Khoo. "Improving relationships in project teams in Malaysia." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 6, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 284–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-04-2015-0014.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate relational practices that can improve construction project outcomes in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the literature review, a questionnaire was designed containing 14 relational practices that were identified and grouped under five relational norms. Using a survey questionnaire, data were collected from clients, consultants and contractors in Malaysia’s construction industry. In-depth interviews were conducted to validate the statistical findings. Findings – When contracts are adjustable to address uncertainties, the projects concerned have better cost and quality outcomes. A better schedule outcome is correlated with coordinating and monitoring plans jointly. Open communication and sharing trustworthy project information have been found to produce better client-consultant and consultant-contractor relationships at the end of a project. When parties maintain a social relationship outside of a project, relationships between clients, contractors and consultants also improve significantly. Research limitations/implications – The findings are not easily generalisable due to the relatively small sample size, low response rate and the data being collected from only three regions in Malaysia. Practical implications – Clients need to take the lead in adopting relational practices, as these may give rise to warmer relationships and better project outcomes. Showing too much commitment and flexibility may harm the project schedule because of the frequent changes. Originality/value – This study found that the theory of relational contracting norms applies to Malaysia’s construction industry. The parties do not rely strictly on contract conditions but embrace role integrity, preserve relations and harmony to avoid relational conflict, and achieve their goals through proper means.
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Tower, Marcus, and David Baccarini. "Risk Pricing in Construction Tenders - How, Who, What." Construction Economics and Building 8, no. 1 (November 23, 2012): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v8i1.2997.
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Construction projects are most commonlyprocured in Australia by means of a traditionaldesign–tender–build model, whereby design islargely completed then contractors submittenders in a competitive environment.Construction contractors must consider riskswithin their tenders. This paper reports theresearch findings into pricing for risk incompetitive tenders by constructioncontractors. The research is based onstructured interviews with 10 contractingpersonnel; supplemented by 23 responses ofconstruction personnel from an online survey.Two common methods to price for risk are atrade-by-trade basis or an overall percentageor lump sum addition to the base estimate.Experience and intuition plays a significant rolein pricing for risk in tenders and the numberand type of people involved varies with projectsize, with greater involvement as project sizeincreases. The most significant risks priced intenders were: availability of resources; designor documentation errors; incomplete design;buildability issues; and inclement weather. Themost significant project factors considered bycontractors when pricing for risk in tenders are:value of liquidated damages; type ofcontract/procurement; completeness ofdocumentation; project complexity; and currentworkload. These risks and project factors areprimarily those over which the contractor haslimited or no control.
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Kouassi, Koffi Noel, Yerehonon Jean Zirihi, and Olivier Gnan. "Korhogo motorcycle taxi contractors facing taxes." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 11 (November 23, 2022): 1302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i11.sh03.
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The objective of this text is to analyze the power relations between the tax administration and the entrepreneurs of Taxis- motos in the context of the collection of taxes relating to public transport activities in Korhogo . The qualitative approach was favored in the production and analysis of data. The results were produced from interviews carried out with motorcycle taxi entrepreneurs, city hall officials and tax officials. The interviews were transcribed and edited manually. We have proceeded to the analysis of the discourses, strategies and logics which constitute the register of action of each stakeholder at work in the governance of motorcycle taxis. Born in a context of strong mobility constraints, in the first hours of the socio-political crisis of 2002, Korhogo's motorcycle taxis gradually established themselves as key players in the city's urban landscape. The strong commitment of young urban and rural people to this activity, due to the generalized situation of unemployment, gave it a boost and prompted “the new self-proclaimed authorities” of the city to take it over to organize it. Thus, for more than a decade, Korhogo's motorcycle taxis have evolved in a climate of near-freedom. After the reunification of the country, the State adopted an action matrix favoring the employment of ex-combatants and young people at risk. It extends this register of favors enjoyed by motorcycle taxi entrepreneurs through tolerance vis-à-vis tax obligations. Recently, his desire to apply the tax provisions relating to the transport sector has met with opposition from taxi-motorcycle entrepreneurs who refuse to leave their enclave of freedom established by the war. In this situation, they mobilize resources to stay in their lawless zone.
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Agustiawan, Yosi, Vaughan Coffey, and Fiona Lamari. "Improving relationship quality between main contractors and sub-contractors in Indonesian Infrastructure Projects." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927602024.
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This paper has two main sections, the first of which provides a summarized review of the literature focusing on existing studies of the adversarial relationships between main and sub-contractors in project execution phases. Such relationships become hurdles for the construction organizations to achieve quality relationships. Organizational culture influences these relationships due to its constituent elements of value, leadership style, procedures, and routine, as well as defining success or failure. Drawing from the first section, the second section presents the details of the research project being undertaken. Suitable research methods have been developed to meet the research objectives eliciting based on fundamental questions. Primary data collection will use a mixed methods approach, i.e., questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews to obtain respondents opinions related to social interactions in Indonesian infrastructure projects. The project-based organizational culture assessment of Zou (2014) and relationship quality evaluation of Jiang (2016) are utilized in this study. Statistical software will be used to analyze most data expected to be obtained in the future and then the results will be discussed to develop a framework to improve relationship quality in achieving project performance.
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Baroudi, Bassam Michael, and Mike Metcalfe. "A Human Perspective of Contractor Prequalification." Construction Economics and Building 11, no. 2 (June 20, 2011): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v11i2.2106.
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The contractor prequalification topic has had much written on it over the last two decades. In the past it has been primarily viewed in terms of the appropriate selection of contractors for construction projects. There has been extensive research interest into the functional and process driven aspects of contractor prequalification. However, there has been little research taking a more holistic view of contractor prequalification in terms of the human aspects that surround it. Hence, gaining a wider appreciation on how prequalification systems affect the major stakeholders seems warranted. The use of soft systems thinking allowed for an in-depth and contextual analysis of prequalification issues. This necessitated unstructured in-depth interviews to be carried out with senior industry practitioners. Sifting through their respective experiences allowed for an alternative view of contractor prequalification systems. It allowed a very human perspective of prequalification to emerge. The research suggests that viewing prequalification systems from a human perspective provides a fuller picture of their true benefits and limitations.
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El-Diraby, T. E., J. Costa, and S. Singh. "How do contractors evaluate company competitiveness and market attractiveness? The case of Toronto contractors." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 596–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-017.
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The Canadian construction industry has sustained a healthy growth rate over the last 10 years. This could make the Canadian market attractive to foreign competitors. Moreover, Canadian companies possess enough expertise and resources to be able to effectively compete in the global market. This highlights the increased importance of developing marketing strategies for Canadian companies. This research study provides an understanding of how Toronto construction companies evaluate market attractiveness and company competitiveness. Such evaluation is the first step towards building effective marketing strategies. The research included an analysis of the main indicators of the Toronto market over the last 10 years and one-on-one interviews with 39 experts. The research deployed the analytical hierarchy process to identify the most important factors that can be used for measuring company competitiveness and market attractiveness. The most important factors that influence company competitiveness include customer satisfaction, cost efficiency, and safety record. Factors with the highest impact on market attractiveness are sustainable profitability (return on investment), supply of finance, and overall economic conditions.Key words: construction marketing, company competitiveness, market attractiveness, strategic planning, analytical hierarchy process.
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Salcedo Rahola, Tadeo Baldiri, and Ad Straub. "The role of the architect using integrated contracts for social housing renovation projects." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 14, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 802–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-02-2015-0008.
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Purpose This paper aims to gain more in-depth knowledge in the tendering procedures and organisational typologies of consortia working with integrated contracts for social housing renovation projects and especially in the inherent changes in the role of the architect and his or her relations with the client and consortium members. Design/methodology/approach In total, 21 Dutch social housing renovation projects using an integrated contract with the involvement of an architect were identified in the period 2005-2013. The study is based on interviews with 13 from 21 architects working in these projects. Findings The findings indicate that in the majority of these projects, the architect is contracted by the main contractor rather than by the client, the social housing organisation. The new contractual relationship has no significant effect on the relationship of the architect with the social housing organisation and improves the relationship of the architect with the main contractor, consultants, advisors and other consortium members, such as specialist contractors. The architect switches from the role of designer to that of technical and aesthetic advisor, compared to traditional design-bid-build projects. Research limitations/implications The findings are based on the first experiences of architects working with integrated contracts for social housing renovation projects. Results may be different for other types of projects. Practical implications Architects involved in integrated contracts for housing renovation projects can foresee the implications for their daily work. The study provides useful insights for educational reform to prepare students and practising architects to make the most of the new situation. Originality/value The few studies into integrated contracts that refer to the role of the architect have flagged up changes in this role relative to the traditional design-bid-build approach. This study provides in-depth knowledge of the role of the architect in integrated contracts.
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Walimuni, Piumi Chethana, Aparna Samaraweera, and Lalith De Silva. "Payment mechanisms for contractors for better environmental hazard controlling in road construction projects." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 7, no. 4 (September 14, 2017): 426–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-11-2016-0069.
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Purpose There is a growing concern that contractors can be motivated for environmental protection through effective fund allocation and proper payment mechanisms. However, an in-depth analysis of environmental hazard-controlling methods and related payments to the contractor in road construction in Sri Lanka is not much popular among the extant literature. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to explore different payment mechanisms that are being used with environmental hazard-controlling methods, to achieve better control in such hazards in Sri Lankan road construction projects. Design/methodology/approach This research was approached through a mixed research method. Initially, hazard-controlling methods and relative payment mechanisms for the contractor were identified through three exploratory case studies using interviews, observations and document survey. Next, the relative effectiveness of payment mechanisms for contractors for better environmental hazard controlling was identified through a questionnaire survey with a sample of 45 professionals involved in 15 road construction projects. Findings Based on the findings, a comprehensive list of environmental hazard-controlling methods was derived. Furthermore, four types of payment mechanisms were identified: (A)-payments, where a unit price was assigned; (B)-payments, where a provisional sum was established in the contract; (C)-payments, where fixed amounts (lump sums) were assigned in the contract and (D)-payments made along with some main work item in the contract. Relative effectiveness of these four mechanisms for better control of environmental hazards was varied for each hazard-controlling method being practiced in a road construction project. Originality/value These findings would be more beneficial for consultants, project managers, bidders and estimators in the pre-contract stage. This is by identifying cost items for environmental hazard controlling and selecting relatively more effective payment mechanisms to motivate contractors for better control of environmental hazards during project execution.
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Jadidoleslami, Samereh, Ehsan Saghatforoush, Amirhossein Heravi, and Christopher Preece. "Evaluating the Existing Barriers in Implementing Constructability." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 12 (December 23, 2018): 2864. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091204.
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In fact, constructability is facilitating the construction of a project through integrating knowledge and experience to achieve the overall and common objectives of the project in all stages of it, but practically there is still a significant gap between design, construction, and achieving the desired project objectives. Studies show that separating the design and construction processes and lack of presence of the contractor in the design stage, prevent the effective use of experiences and specialty of the contractor to improve and develop design processes. This issue results in increasing project time and cost, poor relationships, and also increasing project waste and duplication. The barriers to implementing this concept can have major differences with each other in different locations all over the world, due to the unity of the executive conditions in various countries. This paper evaluates the existing practical barriers to implementation of constructability in the construction industry. A comprehensive literature review has been performed by the authors through using the Meta-Synthesis method and findings were used to form research assumptions. Three case studies of Mass Housing project (MHP) in Tehran were instigated. Outputs taken from nine interviews with different experts in this industry working in diverse areas, including owners, consultants and contractors are then ranked after theoretical saturation compared using the NVIVO Software and through pattern and descriptive analyses. The concept of constructability is focused on the early presence of contractors in the initial stages of the project. So that, through integrating knowledge and experience, problems due to lack of their presence in the early stages of the project can be reduced. Comparing the existing barriers to implementing constructability in Iran with those of the wider world, presents some effective solutions to facilitate the presence of the construction contractors in the early stages of projects.
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Hughes, Evan, Rodolfo Valdes-Vasquez, and Jonathan W. Elliott. "PERCEPTIONS OF COMPRESSED EARTH BLOCK AMONG RESIDENTIAL CONTRACTORS IN NORTH CAROLINA: AN EXPLORATORY EVALUATION." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 4 (November 2017): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.4.89.
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Compressed earth blocks (CEB) retain the environmental benefits of traditional earthen construction while reducing labor costs and project duration. Despite these advantages, CEB remains a niche material in the U.S. This study explored residential contractors' perceptions of CEB as a barrier to adoption. A survey was distributed to residential contractors in the North Carolina Piedmont, a region that possesses ideal soil for earthen buildings. Construction professionals in states where earthen construction has a larger market share (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) were also queried for comparison. Respondents with no CEB experience provided significantly ( p < 0.05) lower levels of agreement with statements that CEB is cost effective, structurally safe and aesthetically appealing than did respondents with CEB experience. Interviews conducted with an experienced CEB contractor and a manufacturer of CEB production equipment provided additional insight and informed the quantitative results. Findings represent an important step in exploring stakeholder perceptions as an impediment to the adoption of non-conventional materials like CEB in the residential construction sector. Educating the next generation of builders and homeowners is a key component for the implementation of CEB construction. Educational strategies, study limitations and opportunities for further research are discussed.
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Widayat, Prama. "PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO DALAM MEMINIMALISIR KLAIM PRODUK JAMINAN BANK GARANSI PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI DI PROVINSI RIAU." Inovbiz: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis 6, no. 1 (July 26, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35314/inovbiz.v6i1.392.
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The research was conducted to observe the implementation of risk management in analyzing the contractor before issuing Surety Bond guarantee by the insurance and continue as the basis for the issuance of Bank Guarantee (KGB) by private banks and BUMN, because there are still contractors who do not perform their obligation to finish the work causing the claim bank guarantee product. The study was conducted by direct interviews to underwriting insurance issuing Bank Guarantee Cons (KGB) products. The study population amounted to about 67 insurance companies registered in Riau province. But not all of them publish KGB is only 5 general insurance companies, the determination of the number of samples is done by using the sampling area.
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Nesan, Jawahar. "Project Finance Model for Small Contractors in USA." Construction Economics and Building 6, no. 1 (November 20, 2012): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v6i1.2966.
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Construction projects do not require a large capital outlay but a large working capital to start up the project. Unfortunately, for small contractors there are very limited options available from the banks or other lending institutions to cover this large working capital requirement in the absence of sufficient collateral. The “Project Finance” method presented in this paper is recommended as the most effective method for small contractors in the United States. The problems of small and start up contractors in funding their projects have been little addressed in the literature. The current financing practices were observed through both the literature review and interviews with contractors and bankers in the western Michigan area and subsequently a system has been proposed which could help a small start-up company seeking higher growth. The growth rates that can be achieved using the project finance system in contrast to the traditional “line of credit” arrangements as illustrated in this paper show that the project finance model is beneficial.
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Yoke Mui, Lim, Yahaya Ahmad, and Faezeh Nabavi. "Causes of high variance in building conservation tenders in Malaysia." Structural Survey 34, no. 2 (May 9, 2016): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-04-2015-0023.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the reasons for the variance among tenders for conservation projects in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interview approach was adopted because this method allows for effective probing of issues. The interviews are conducted with experienced conservation contractors. The interviews are transcribed and the data are analysed using thematic analysis. Coefficient of variation (CV) measure was also used to determine the level of variance that occurs in tenders for conservation projects. Findings – The study found that contractors faced difficulty in pricing competitively due to the following four factors, namely, uncertain information on the actual work on site, inexperience in conservation construction works, information in the bill of quantities is incomplete and uncertain labour and material cost. The study of 22 tenders also ascertains that there is a high variance among the tenderers for building conservation projects. This is determined by the CV analysis where conservation works has a mean CV of 25.5 per cent as compared to 6.5 per cent for new build works. Research limitations/implications – While the interviews managed to draw out insights into the reasons for the high variance among the tender amounts, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn on the level of variance in tendering for conservation projects due to the limited data that is available for analysis. Originality/value – The paper offers an insight into the reasons why tenders for conservation projects usually have a higher variance than the norm.
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Taimu, Marian, Bankole Awuzie, and Alfred Ngowi. "Success Factors for Effective Contractor-led Stakeholder Relationship Management: Perspectives from the Botswana Construction Industry." MATEC Web of Conferences 312 (2020): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031202014.
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Stakeholder relationship management (SRM) remains critical to the attainment of successful project outcomes. This is particularly the case in the construction industry: an industry often described as considerably fragmented and project-based with a multiplicity of stakeholders with vested interests. Burgeoning incidences of project failure has been attributed to poor SRM. A lot of studies investigating stakeholder management exist, yet a paucity of studies looking into SRM has been noticed. Most of these studies have sought to investigate the phenomenon from a client perspective without taking cognizance of the contractor’s role in SRM. Also, the tendency of these studies to overlook stakeholder dynamics as it concerns power, uncertainty, etc. during various stages of the project lifecycle is observed. These are the gaps which this study will seek to fill relying on the customer relationship model (CRM) theoretical lens. A multi-case study research design is proposed. Different contractor organizations were selected based on a set of predetermined criteria. A plethora of within-case interviews and document reviews will be utilized in eliciting data concerning the approach adopted by construction contractors for managing extant relationships with critical stakeholders. The data was analysed thematically. It is expected that success factors will result from the elicited narratives. The following success factors for effective management of stakeholder relationship management emerged from the interviews and documents: Communication, understanding of stakeholders, the different types of stakeholders and type of project, management, and interpersonal skills, collaboration, engagement, and conflict management. This artefact will be compared to different CRM models to identify probable success factors for engendering effective stakeholder relationship management. Furthermore, the study’s findings will seek to contribute towards the development of a contractor-centric stakeholder relationship management framework for the Botswana construction industry.
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Majzoub, Mahmoud, and Ahmed Eweda. "Probability of Winning the Tender When Proposing Using BIM Strategy: A Case Study in Saudi Arabia." Buildings 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070306.
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The procurement process is one of the most important phases in any project life cycle, particularly when it comes to selecting the right contractor for the job. Awarding the contract to the best bid proposal is a critical step to ensure the greatest value. BIM has been recognized as not only a geometric modelling of buildings, but also, it facilitates the different stages in management of construction projects. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of using Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the tendering process from the contractor’s perspective, based on a probability model able to predict winning probability, regardless of relative weight. The main objective of this research is to measure the likelihood of winning a tender in the case of implementing BIM strategy, compared with contractors who do not use BIM. The research uses a literature review, surveys, and interviews with experts to develop a model that predicts the probability of winning a contract; this is determined by measuring the BIM impact on each selection criterion in a multicriteria selection process using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to develop a probability-based model. The results of the survey and the interview show that BIM strategy has a variant influence on the score the contractor could have on each of them raising the probability of winning the tender. The main result of this paper is the property-based model, which is able to predict BIM winning probability regardless of relative weight, which can be applied in any country. Nonetheless, the Saudi case study shows that utilizing BIM when proposing could increase the winning probability by up to 9.42% in the case of Quality-Based Selection (QBS), and to 5.5% in the case of Cost-Based Selection (CBS).
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Arantes, Amílcar, and Luís Miguel D. F. Ferreira. "Underlying causes and mitigation measures of delays in construction projects." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 25, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-03-2019-0029.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to contribute to the theory and practice of project management in the construction industry by identifying the primary causes and extracting the underlying causes of construction delays and providing recommendations on delay mitigation measures. Design/methodology/approach AA survey was used to identify the importance of 47 causes of delays. The relative importance index was used to rank them, factor analysis was applied to extract the underlying causes and focus group interviews were used for discussion and development of mitigation measures. Findings Six of the ten most important causes are in the top ten universal delays in construction projects. Factor analysis revealed six underlying causes: improper planning, poor consultant performance, inefficient site management, owner influence, bureaucracy and sub-standard contracts. Practical implications The owner/sponsor/client must have adequate engineering and project management skills to be able to evaluate proposals and contractors more accurately, economically and technically. The bidding and contract award process should focus on the most economically advantageous proposal and contracts should provide for mechanisms for managing risks while executing projects. Contractors should select reliable, high-quality subcontractors and suppliers and should have competent site managers. Originality/value This work expands and improves the understanding of the causes of delays in construction projects by providing an empirical study of the causes of delays and respective mitigation measures in Portugal.
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Högnason, Glumur Orri, Paulos Wondimu, and Ola Lædre. "Best Value Procurement (BVP) in Norwegian Construction Projects." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 50, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.12862.
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The traditional contractor selection method, based on lowest price, has resulted in conflict, low quality products and a waste of resources. The need for an alternative supplier selection method has resulted in Best Value Procurement (BVP). BVP seeks to increase project value by utilizing the expertise of the contractor, while reducing the client’s management, direction and control. Currently, pilot projects in the Norwegian construction industry are testing the method. This paper addresses 1) how BVP is implemented in practice, 2) what the experiences with BVP are, and 3) how BVP should be performed in future projects. The research was carried out through a literature study and two Norwegian case studies. A building project and a medium-size infrastructure project in the Norwegian public sector were investigated through nine semi-structured, in-depth interviews and document studies. The findings show that the practical use of BVP is in accordance with the theoretical approach. Furthermore, the experiences with BVP are mainly positive. However, some challenges have been identified, such as the clients’ and contractors’ lack of knowledge and experience with the BVP method. This may reduce the potential project value. The conclusion is that BVP is an effective and promising method for contractor selection and project management. However, for the success of future projects using the method, clients and contractors may benefit from more knowledge and experience with BVP. This can be done by training and by being persistent in using BVP in future projects. This paper is a revised version of a paper that has been published in the proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2018.