Academic literature on the topic 'Contract labor – Sociological aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Contract labor – Sociological aspects"
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Bailo, O. V. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE SIMPLIFIED REGULATION OF LABOR RELATIONS." Constitutional State, no. 48 (December 19, 2022): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2022.48.267965.
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The Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine was supplemented by Chapter III-B “Simplified mode of regulation of labor relations”. Like any new legal institution, the institution of a simplified regime for the regulation of labor relations raises a number of questions in law enforcement practice. A feature of the simplified regime of regulation of labor relations is the “simplified” procedure for organizing document circulation at the workplace. In connection with the emphasis on the employment contract (Part 4, Article 21 of the Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine), as a means of regulating labor relations, employers who use the simplified regime are not subject to the “requirements for keeping documentation on personnel matters, adopting local normative acts and organizational and administrative documentation, including regarding the regime of working hours and rest time, vacations, as well as other documents on issues regulated by the employment contract”. It is only mandatory to keep records of the employee’s performance of labor activities in electronic form. The article pays special attention to the problems of content of the employment contract. There are no special regulations on the content of the employment contract in the current Labor Code of Ukraine. In general, the content of the employment contract is provided for in the first part of Article 21 of the Labor Code of Ukraine, but the absence of special norms in the Code causes certain difficulties in law enforcement practice. The application of the simplified legal regime for the regulation of labor relations provides for the possibility of establishing the individual working conditions of the employee directly in the employment contract. Current labor legislation uses the term “working conditions” ambiguously. Giving primary importance to the terms of the employment contract under the simplified regime of regulation of labor relations actualizes the issue of the legal consequences of non-compliance by the parties with the conclusion of the employment contract with the requirements of the law. From the provisions of the Labor Code of Ukraine, it remains an unresolved issue whether the simplified legal regime for the regulation of labor relations will be transformed into the usual regime for their regulation or the simplified regime will be continued after the abolition of martial law. The institution of termination of labor relations in the conditions of a simplified regulatory regime is of interest. That is, in addition to the general terms of termination of employment relations, which are established by the Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine and the terms of termination of employment relations, which the parties to the employment contract agreed upon when concluding it, the employer has the opportunity to terminate the employment relationship on other grounds with justification (specification) of the reasons for such termination and with the provision of compensation to the employee in the amount and in the order specified by the employment contract. The new simplified mode of regulation of labor relations needs to be finalized and harmonized with other normative legal acts in the field of labor.
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Filippova, Marina V., and Evgeny B. Khokhlov. "About intersectoral relations in law: Some aspects of the categorical apparatus." Russian Journal of Labour & Law 12 (2022): 146–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu32.2022.111.
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The problem of legal facts is little studied in the science of domestic labor law. In particular, the problem of an employment contract as a complex legal fact by its nature needs additional analysis, and it is impossible to recognize as satisfactory the formulation of the question of transactions in labor law, and their essence and place in the system of legal facts. This article argues for the idea of the existence of an employment contract as a source of subjective rights and obligations of the parties, and of different industry affiliation. Unlike other legal facts, an employment contract, along with such legal facts as unilateral transactions, management acts, and judicial acts, has a unique ability not only to give effect to the rights and obligations set out in the dispositions of legal norms, but also to generate subjective rights and obligations of the employee and employer itself. In addition, the question is raised about the possibility of an employment contract as a source of objective labor law. This is due to two kinds of factors: like the so-called “absolute legal relationship” by virtue of the current employment contract, no third party has the right, under pain of legal liability, to hinder the parties in their actions to implement the rights and obligations assumed; in addition, the system of employment contracts is one of the factors in the formation of the internal legal order of the organization. The problem of transactions in labor law is subjected to special consideration. The interpretation of labor law transactions as a generic category is proposed, generalizing unilateral labor law transactions and labor contracts as varieties.
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Islomqulova, Shokhsanam. "LABOUR RELATIONSHIPS IN CIVIL LAW. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LABOUR AND CIVIL CONTRACTS." JOURNAL OF LAW RESEARCH 6, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9130-2021-9-3.
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This article examines how and by what normative legal acts labor relations in civil law are regulated. This article analyzes errors and shortcomings in civil law contracts related to the provision of services in practice, as well as difference labor contracts and civil law contracts and errors that are allowed in their registration. The aspects and proposals that are necessary to eliminate and prevent offenses are also emphasized. The content, form, parties to the contract, obligations and rightsof the parties, obligations for violation of the contract, grounds for termination of the contract are also highlighted. And each of these above-listed aspects is compared with an employment contract. The differences arising from the comparison were studied by Russian and English scientists and their judgments on this situation were translated. Civil contracts regulating labor relations are considered on the example of the legislation of foreign states and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The advantages and disadvantages of a civil contract, its difference from employment contracts were explained by comparison in separate tables.Keywords:civil law contract, fee service contract, labor contract, contractor, customer, employee, employer, terms of contract
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Shoniya, G. V. "Employment Contract in France." Actual Problems of Russian Law, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2018.92.7.224-231.
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The article examines some issues of the institution of the employment contract in France. The author examines the concept of an employment contract in the 1980s of the last century and in the present period, draws attention to the changes and reforms of labor legislation that have been carried out in recent years. At the end of the article, the author summarizes the results of the analysis and suggests conclusions. It is noted that the experience of French legislation, taking into account the diversity and specificity of labor of various categories of workers and forms of employment, deserves attention and study. This will allow the Russian legislator to take into account both positive and negative aspects for its implementation during lawmaking in the sphere of labor law, which eventually will ensure greater effectiveness of such an institution as an employment contract.
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Prasetiya, Budi. "EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA TENAGA KERJA KONTRAK DAERAH DI DINAS KEHUTANAN KABUPATEN KUTAI BARAT." Jurnal Administrative Reform 5, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.52239/jar.v5i4.884.
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This article aim is to describe and analyze the effectiveness of the work performance of labor contract at the same time identify the factors supporting and inhibiting the effectiveness of the labor contract, the type of research conducted included in the descriptive qualitative research. The conclusions based on the data are using analysis data and interactive models. According to the results of research it found that the performance of the work labor contract at the Forest Departemen Kabupaten Kutai Barat can be quite good. It can be known from the ability of employees the perform their duties, both in terms of aspects of work quality and quantity of work and time of completion of work.Keyword : Effectiveness, Performance, Labor Contract, Forestry Service
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Witt, John Fabian. "Rethinking the Nineteenth-Century Employment Contract, Again." Law and History Review 18, no. 3 (2000): 627–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744072.
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Legal historians have turned with renewed energy in recent years to the project of fleshing out the myriad rules by which the common law of the free labor employment contract structured social relations in nineteenth-century America. Of course, labor relations have always been prominent in the literature. The German sociological tradition has long taught us to see in the legal protection of property rights a source of coercive power over the working classes. And for decades now, historians have studied the great nineteenth-century labor conspiracy cases, which generated leading cases and opinions by judges such as Shaw and Holmes. But there is a new wrinkle in recent accounts of nineteenth-century labor law. Much of the law of property, contract, and tort bears a relatively self-evident (though still too infrequently remarked on) relation to the relative bargaining power of the parties to an employment contract. Property rules, along with a whole host of attendant tort doctrines such as nuisance and trespass, allocate resources among parties. As Robert Hale observed long ago, property rules set the coercive power of A to exclude B from those resources that belong to A, whether A be a prospective employee excluding an employer from the employee's labor power, or an employer excluding a would-be employee from the means of production. In similar fashion, rules of contract and tort that define the weapons that parties may deploy in competition or bargaining also shape the relative bargaining power of social actors. Thus, doctrines of duress, fraud, unconscionability, and adequacy of consideration, and the law of labor conspiracies and competition all create immutable background rules (or sometimes inalienable entitlements) that have considerable impact on bargaining power. In Halean language, we might say that the law of duress, for example, coercively precludes the strong from forcing the weak to consent to a particular deal, or that the doctrine of fraud coercively precludes the slick from outfoxing the dupes.
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Sitarskyi, Bohdan. "Потенційні загрози трудової міграції для національної безпеки України." Facta Simonidis 14, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/fs.18.
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This article discusses the main potential threats of labor migration to Ukraine as identified on the basis of the author’s sociological research. The key factors of the labor migration problem for Ukraine are those relating to economic and demographic aspects, as well as the human capital. Having analysed the results of his sociological research, the author suggests that the number of labor migrants may continue to rise and that the country’s partial dependence on migrant labour may have negative consequences for the economic situation of Ukraine in the future.
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Yarasheva, A. V. "Regional aspects of youth labor employment." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2018-4-45-52.
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The article addresses the issues of youth employment and factors affecting the success of employment. Based on official statistics, unemployment rates are compared by age groups in the federal districts ofRussia. The analysis of the situation inMoscowand in the regions of theFar Eastrevealed the most vulnerable in terms of employment group of the population – from 15 to 29 years. According to the results of their own sociological research carried out in the metropolitan metropolis, there are presented: channels for finding vacancies, reasons that impede the employment of young people, difficulties in communicating directly with employers, and willingness to retrain. The greatest problems in the employment of young people (including graduates of universities and colleges) are the lack of necessary experience and an appropriate level of education. It is revealed that the most effective ways of finding jobs for young people are special sites on the Internet and contacting the city employment service. The structure of young unemployed by level of education in the Russian macro-regions is considered. Comparison of the situation in the regions of the Far East and inMoscowshowed the presence of similar problems, including an oversupply of trained specialists in the professions lawyer, economist, manager. The imbalance between the needs of the labor market and the supply of young labor requires decision-making at the federal and regional levels.
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., Haerudin, and Endeh Suhartini. "ANALISIS YURIDIS KEBERADAAN PERUSAHAAN OUTSOURCING DAN HAK PEKERJA TERKAIT SISTEM KONTRAK BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003." JURNAL ILMIAH LIVING LAW 13, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jill.v13i1.4200.
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The purpose of this study are: 1) To find out and analyze the existence of outsourcing companies in contract system workers. To find out and analyze the granting of rights for workers related to the contract system based on Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Labor. The research method used in this study is a normative juridical study that takes a qualitative approach that looks at and analyzes the legal norms in existing legislation and sociological research as supplementary data as primary data. The results of this study are: 1) The existence of outsourcing companies in contra system workers, in terms of employment relations between workers and outsourcing companies is based on a Specific Time Work Agreement, then the work agreement must require the transfer of the protection of the rights of workers whose objects of work remain, even though there is a change of companies that carry out part of the work of other companies or companies providing workers' services. 2) The granting of rights for workers related to the contract system based on Law Number 13 of 2003, there are still outsourced workers who are not registered with Jamsostek, so the legal protection of health and safety for outsourced workers is not implemented.Keywords : Labor Law; Outsourcing Company; Work Agreement.
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Dewaelheyns, Nico, Cynthia Van Hulle, Yannick Van Landuyt, and Mathias Verreydt. "Labor Contracts, Wages and SME Failure." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 7864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147864.
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Although employment protection and employee remuneration has been shown to affect many aspects of a firm’s performance, evidence of their ability to explain firm failure is very limited. This paper examines the effect of different types of labor contracts and wages on the probability of corporate failure between 2012 and 2019 using a sample of 29,596 Belgian SMEs. Using discrete time hazard regression models, we find that the use of contract types with lower employment protection and paying lower wages are significant predictors of failure.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contract labor – Sociological aspects"
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Kiess-Moser, Paul Michael. "Labor union objectives under a multi-contract period time horizon." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26854.
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Most microeconomic models of Labor unions take the union's membership size as exogenous, and limit union members' time horizons to a single contract period. Particularly for unions allocating employment by means of a seniority system, and for unions facing stochastic demand for labor conditions, these limitations in current union models lead to unsatisfactory predictions of union behavior.
In this thesis, an n-period majority voting model of a monopoly union facing a fixed demand for labor schedule and allocating employment by seniority is developed to show the interdependence between the union's present wage choice, the size of the union's future voter pool and its future wage choices. Union members are assumed to predict the union's future voting behavior, and to account for the consequences of the retirement of senior union members. The optimal contract wage is shown analytically to be not lower than that wage which causes the layoff of twice the number of retiring workers per contract period in each contract period, and not to exceed the wage level at which half of the union's present voter pool would lose its union employment. Computer simulation solutions for various demand conditions suggest that after a potential sharp first-period increase in the contract wage, the union's contract wage path follows its analytically derived lower limit - with each contract, union employment declines by twice the number of retirees per contract period. The time path of union employment is shown to be largely independent of anticipated changes in demand for labor. A similar two-period model is developed for stochastic demand for labor conditions. For some cases, the union's wage choice can be shown to be lower when the consequences of this period's wage choice on next period's voter pool are taken into account. Majority voting instability problems cannot be ruled out for this type of model, and are interpreted as a potential cause for a union-internal political process.
These seniority-based models are then compared with models where union employment is allocated by a random draw among union members. With nonstochastic demand for labor, this allows for the analysis of discrete changes in union rules, and yields the principal prediction that the union will eventually replace an employment by random draw rule with employment according to seniority.
The economic approach to the analysis of union behavior is assessed critically, and put in some perspective by an informal discussion of other union-internal determinants of union behavior. In conclusion, it is suggested that the formal prediction of an ongoing gradual decline in union employment may be usefully amended by considering potential benefits from union size maintenance and union membership rejuvenation.Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
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高小蘭 and Siu-lan Ko. "Mainland migrant sex workers in Hong Kong: a sociological study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227405.
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Gao, Chunyuan. "China's new generation migrant workers and anomie social momentum and modes of adoption." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/264.
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Using anomie theory, in this paper it is argued that the new generation migrant workers (NGMWs) in China are not only receptors under structures, but also a reactive force towards those structures. However, anomie theory has faced theoretical ambiguities, controversies and misunderstandings. It also lacks the power to explain micro-to-macro relationships. For these reasons, anomie theory is first clarified and refined in this study based on its classical roots. It is then further developed by introducing the concept of social momentum to mend its theoretical lacuna. It is argued that anomie naturally reflects structural discoordination at the macro level, and that deviance and normlessness, although typically seen as indicators of anomie, are only its symptomatic presentations. Furthermore, social momentum, determined by the quantity, solidarity and modes of adaption, reveals the capacity of a social category to influence structural relationships. This study demonstrates that China entered a comparatively anomic age after its economic reform. The NGMWs can be considered as a potential antithesis to anomie in China, as implied by certain qualities of their uniqueness indicated in earlier studies. The NGMWs’ social momentum is analysed according to a field study carried out by the author in 2015 in Shanghai and the 2011 Chinese Social Survey (CSS 2011). The data from the survey and study are used to discuss whether the NGMWs will help to remedy anomie. The findings show that (1) the NGMWs’ social momentum is strong but segmental and fragile due to the primary level solidarity of them, i.e., they lack a strong identity, and (2) the directions of their social momentum can be narrowed to two undetermined modes. The NGMWs tend to aggravate the symptoms of anomie, as they are weakly attached to cultural norms. However, they have an uncertain and not yet fully formed effect on the essence of anomie.
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Abilio, Ludmila Costhek. "O make up do trabalho = uma empresa e um milhão de revendedoras de cosméticos." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280166.
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Orientadores: Ângela Maria Carneiro Araújo, Paulo Eduardo ArantesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T03:51:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Abilio_LudmilaCosthek_D.pdf: 1782395 bytes, checksum: 6b10b0b28d112671ba07ac5324dd40c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Analisa-se o trabalho de revendedoras de cosméticos de uma empresa brasileira. Discute-se a ausência de formas-trabalho dessa ocupação. A centralidade do trabalho para a acumulação capitalista na atualidade estrutura toda a análise. No primeiro capítulo, são apresentados resultados da pesquisa de campo, por meio da caracterização de tipos sociais, associando-se o perfil socioeconômico e a trajetória ocupacional de algumas revendedoras à sua relação com as vendas. Também são examinados aspectos da produção e distribuição da empresa. No segundo capítulo, atualiza-se a discussão do trabalho informal no contexto das políticas neoliberais e das reconfigurações das relações de trabalho nas últimas décadas, assim como do regime de dominância da valorização financeira (Chesnais, 2005). São abordados o Sistema de Vendas Diretas e o trabalho feminino nesse contexto. O terceiro capítulo trata da relação entre a marca e o trabalho das revendedoras. Parte-se da marca como o que hoje torna reconhecível o movimento do capital portador de juros (Marx, 1988) e sua relação com as formas contemporâneas de exploração do trabalho. É aprofundada a análise da relação entre dominância da valorização financeira e precarização do trabalho. No quarto capítulo, essas formas são estudadas mais profundamente; aborda-se a relação entre inovações tecnológicas, trabalho informal e trabalho precarizado. Discute-se também a extensão de uma perda de formas do trabalho que é transferida para a esfera do consumo, examinando-se a imbricação entre trabalho e consumo na atividade das revendedoras, dentre outras atividades. O último capítulo enfoca a subsunção contemporânea do trabalho. São elementos centrais da análise: as indistinções contemporâneas entre tempo de trabalho e de não-trabalho; as formas atuais de envolvimento subjetivo do trabalhador; uma crítica a teorias do trabalho imaterial, especialmente à de André Gorz (2005); a permanência da teoria do valor para a compreensão da exploração do trabalho. Chega-se então à discussão final sobre a centralidade do trabalho no contemporâneo, esmiuçando-se a relação entre o trabalho das revendedoras e a acumulação da empresa
Abstract: This thesis presents an investigation of the relations between the work of resellers and a Brazilian cosmetic company. The current centrality of labour to capitalist accumulation guides the analysis. On the first chapter, the results of fieldwork are presented. The economic and social profile of the saleswomen and their professional path is seen alongside of their relationship with the selling activity based on a definition of different social types. Some aspects of both the production and the distribution of the company are also examined. On chapter two, the debate of informality is updated according to the context of neoliberal policies, and the transformation of labour relations that happened over the past thirty years. The finance-led regime of accumulation is also taken into account. Direct Selling System and female work are analyzed based on this historical context. On chapter three, the work of the saleswomen is analyzed in light of the strength of the company's brand. The brand is understood here as an immaterial form that enables the recognition of the movement of the interest-bearing capital (Marx, 1988) in its relation to contemporary forms of labour exploitation. The analysis of the relation between the finance-led regime of accumulation and labour casualisation is then deepened. On chapter four, the contemporary forms of labour exploitation are examined, and the relation between technological innovations, informal labour and labour casualization are more profoundly investigated. The loss of labour forms to the sphere of consumption is also analyzed here, based on the imbrications between labour and consumption in the activity of the resellers. On the last chapter, the contemporary subordination of labour is discussed. The main aspects of this chapter are the current lack of distinction between labour time and leisure; the contemporary forms of workers subjective involvement; a critique of immaterial theories, especially that of Gorz (2003); the endurance of the value theory (Marx, 1985) in labour exploitation unveiling and comprehension. Finally, the centrality of labour is discussed in a broader perspective; the relation between the resellers' work and the company accumulation is also scrutinized
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
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Ashfold, Thomas Edward. "Work, time and rhythm : investigating contemporary 'time squeeze'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5fc9e00-fc82-4574-9099-3eb9d4e56bdb.
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In contemporary capitalist economies such as the UK, it is commonly held that an increasing number of people and households experience anxiety over time and symptoms of 'time squeeze'. Existing accounts of the character and causes of this phenomenon are rather one-dimensional and lacking in nuance, however. In part, this is because they typically lack any substantial theoretical engagement with the concept of time itself. Accordingly, this research aims to provide a more complex and contextual account of experiences of working time (both paid and unpaid), and to investigate how and why experiences of time squeeze vary between individuals and social groups. This is achieved by calling upon an enriched understanding of time, and employing an instrumental case study built around a set of 50 semi-structured interviews with employees working in Oxford University's central IT department and four of its constituent colleges. The empirical findings reveal that the (quantitative) extent and (qualitative) nature of participants' temporal anxieties vary with occupation, social class, gender, age and family status, as well as the importance of institutional and local context. Furthermore, they demonstrate that contemporary time squeeze is generated by a variety of causal mechanisms relating to the duration, tempo and timing of both paid employment and unpaid reproductive work, and their intersections with the personal, natural, social, institutional and technological rhythms that variously constitute everyday life.
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Melo, Sérgio Ricardo Gomes dos Santos. "Lei do valor enquanto lei geral de valorização do capital: para uma crítica à teoria do trabalho imaterial." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/986.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorA partir da década de 80 do século passado no capitalismo se inicia um amplo processo de reorganização estrutural comumente denominado reestruturação produtiva. Desta forma imprimiu-se um conjunto de medidas no sentido de recuperar o padrão produtivo alcançado em anos anteriores assim como recrudescer o domínio político-ideológico sobre a classe trabalhadora. Podem-se realçar dois processos nesse contexto: o crescimento do setor de serviços e a maciça inserção de micro tecnologias e tecnologias de informação; a ascensão dos serviços tanto em ocupação como em importância econômica e social conduziu Antônio Negri a descartar o arcabouço teórico-metodológico marxiano, fortemente associado ao industrialismo por esse pensador, além de creditar ao desenvolvimento das forças produtivas um papel protagonista nas transformações sociais, negligenciando, por vezes, abandonado a noção de classes sociais. Analiso nessa dissertação, baseado na teoria do valor de Marx, a interpretação do capitalismo contemporâneo de Antônio Negri, que tem em seu cerne a noção de trabalho imaterial, pretendo avaliar a consistência teórica desse conceito e nesse percurso demonstrar à vitalidade da crítica marxiana a economia política.
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Wizenberg, Luizene Coimbra Cruzzulini. "Programa pró-equidade de gênero e raça da Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba: estratégia para superar a divisão sexual de trabalho em uma instituição pública?" Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1815.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se o Programa Pró-Equidade de Gênero e Raça da Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba (PMC) alterou a percepção de servidoras(es) sobre a concepção de divisão sexual do trabalho. A divisão sexual do trabalho é o conceito que permitiu identificar e compreender as relações hierárquicas (princípio da hierarquização) baseado na atribuição de um valor social e econômico maior às ocupações masculinas em relação às femininas, além disso, considera o trabalho da mulher secundário e o seu salário complementar à renda familiar. E o princípio da separação identificando os lugares ocupados por homens e mulheres na instituição (trabalho produtivo) e no trabalho reprodutivo e doméstico concordando com a construção histórica e social que associa as mulheres a setores ocupacionais como o magistério, a saúde e assistência social, consideradas uma extensão das funções do cuidado na família, da afetividade e os homens às engenharias, à tecnologia da informação, ocupações relacionadas às ciências exatas associadas à razão, criando um viés de gênero nas relações de trabalho. Para identificar possíveis desigualdades de gênero no ambiente laboral comparou-se os vencimentos básicos iniciais de algumas carreiras, o processo de ascensão a cargos de chefia e a faixa salarial em que se encontravam servidoras e servidores na Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba. Investigou-se também, a percepção de implementadoras e beneficiárias(os) do Programa, sobre a divisão sexual do trabalho. A metodologia empregada para a condução da investigação foi a pesquisa qualitativa de caráter interpretativo utilizando a entrevista estruturada e semiestruturada como instrumentos para coleta dos dados. As entrevistas foram divididas em dois grupos, a seguir: a) implementadoras do Programa Pró-Equidade de Gênero e Raça e b) professoras(es) e engenheiras(os) beneficiárias(os). A análise dos documentos disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres da Presidência da República e pela Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba complementou o caminho investigativo desta pesquisa. Traz como resultado a percepção das(os) servidores(as) beneficiários(as) e das implementadoras sobre uma política que prevê mudanças culturais na instituição e na gestão de pessoas. Cabe salientar que o programa prevê nos seus objetivos identificar as relações discriminatórias de raça, orientação sexual, geracional e da pessoa com deficiência que não foram analisados nesta pesquisa. Fator que possibilita a continuidade do processo investigativo e fica como sugestão para pesquisas futuras.The objective of this study was to analyze if the pro equity program of gender and race in the PMC, changed the perception of the servants on the conception of sexual division of labor. The sexual division of labor is the concept that allows identifying and understanding the hierarchical relations (principal of hierarchization) based on the attribution of social and economic value most male occupations in relation female, besides that, considerers the female work‟s secondary and her salary supplement to the family income. And the principle of separation identifying the places occupies by man and woman in the institution (productive, reproductive, and domestic work) agreeing with the historical and social construction that associates woman to occupational sectors like “mastertship”, nursering and social assistance, considered an extension of the family functions like taking care and family affections. And the man is associate to engineer, technology information and occupations related to exact science all professions associate to reason, creating a bias of gender in labor relations. To identify possible inequalities of gender in the work ambiance, I have compared the initial basic duration of some careers, the ascension process to higher positions and the salary that both servants and servers in the PMC. Was also investigated the perception of implements and beneficiaries of the program, over the sexual labor division. The methodology used for conduct the investigation was the qualitative research interpretive character using the structured and semi structured interviewed as instruments of data collect. The interview was divided in two groups, to follow: a) implements of pro-equity program of gender and race and b) professors and engineers beneficiaries. The analyzes of documents provided by the Secretaria de Politícas para as Mulheres da Presidência da República and by the PMC complemented the investigative path of this research. Bring as result a perception of beneficiaries servants and implementing on a policy which provides for cultural changes in the institution and in the management of people. It should be noted that the program foresees that in its objectives identify the discriminatory relations of race, sexual orientation, generation and disable person who were not examined in this study. Factor that enables the continuation of the investigation process and is a suggestion for a future research.
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Ben-Galim, Dalia. "Equality and diversity : the gender dimensions of work-life balance policies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d078b9c7-ceab-454c-a1b6-09ebe88fb725.
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This thesis analyses the gender dimensions of work-life balance policies in the UK. It focuses on three related questions: firstly, to what extent are work-life balance policies framed by 'diversity'; secondly, how does this impact on the conceptualisation and implementation of work-life balance policies (in government and in organisations); and thirdly, what are the implications for gender equality? Through analysing published research, the UK Government's work-life balance agenda and data generated from three selected case study organisations, the prominent dimensions of diversity that shape the conceptualisation and implementation of work-life balance policies are presented. This thesis argues that the concept of diversity - as defined by the feminist literature - offers the potential to progress gender equality through overcoming the same-difference dichotomy, and by recognising multiple aspects of identity. However, this theoretical potential is not necessarily reflected in practice. With the emphasis on the individual worker and choice, diversity has been primarily defined as 'managing diversity', and has a significant affect on how work-life balance policies have been applied in both government policy and organisational practice. The UK Government states that work-life balance policies are meant to provide everyone with opportunities to balance work with other aspects of life. The current policy framework targets parents and in particular mothers, potentially limiting the choices that men and women have to 'work' and 'care'. Locating work-life balance policies within the context of 'managing diversity' supports and facilitates women's employment, but does not necessarily challenge fundamental gender disparities such as occupational segregation and gender pay gaps. Analysis of the UK Government's current agenda and organisational case studies show that despite progressive equality, diversity and worklife balance agendas, work-life balance policies are limited in challenging persistent structural gender inequalities.
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GBIKPI, Bernard. "Du contrat social a la lutte pour la reconnaissance : d'une théorie de legitimation du pouvoir politique à l'autre." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5119.
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Defence date: 7 June 1996Examining board: Prof. Michel Dobry, Paris X-Nanterre (co-supervisor) ; Prof. Gérard Duprat, Paris XIII-Vincennes ; Prof. Massimo La Torre, IUE ; Prof. Alessandro Pizzorno IUE (supervisor) ; Prof. Arpad Szakolczai, IUE
First made available online on 24 September 2013.
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Lombard, Jouberto. "Die posisionering van maatskaplike werk in die arbeidsmilieu." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10709.
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D.Litt. et Phil. (Social Work)From the onset of his involvement with social work practice in industry, candidate found himself reflecting upon the position and resulting characteristic functions of social work practitioners within an industrial context. The search for clarity in this regard led to the perusal of reading matter and the consideration of past experiences and encounters. This culminated in a desire to investigate the positioning of industrial social work in order to effect a compromise between the promotion of the objectives of industry viz. financial gain and human resource development. The main research issue or problem of the study, therefore centres around the positioning of industrial social work, and consequently the title of this dissertation is "The positioning of social work in the labour milieu". The purpose of this study is the placement of industrial social work within the context of meaningful work, work environment, influences from within industrial enterprises on man as worker, human resource activities in industrial enterprises, the course of industrial social work in industrial enterprises, the embodiment of social work in industrial enterprises and the provision of guidelines for social workers to position their profession most effectively in industrial enterprises. The study is exploratory-descriptive in nature, since the domain of study (industrial social work) is still being regarded as fairly unfamiliar and relatively less researched as compared to other branches of generic social work. Methodologically viewed, the study, the outcome of which is documented in this dissertation, was undertaken by marshalling practice experience into expertise mainly by interacting it with an eclectic literature study, a conceptual analysis of certain concepts and constructs central to the management of industrial social work, and systematising impressionistic wisdom while collecting information and gaining insight. In addition to the study of literature, information was collected by studying official documents of various industrial enterprises, consultations with various colleagues and attending seminars, courses and workshops, whilst regular consultations with my promotor took place and in the process progressing from an argumentative phase to guidelines for practice. In the study the following main conclusions were drawn: Although only partially, man's work and his work environment offer opportunities and challenges in reply to his quest for a meaningful life. An industrial enterprise co-ordinates the occupational activities of people rendering certain goods and services at specific venues. People, material, machines, means, markets and management, are utilised in the work environment as resources for the production of goods and the rendering of services to industry, its employers and the community. Man as employee is subject to influences from within industrial organisations but also reflects certain distinct characteristics. Organisationally, industrial social work is a manpower managment function, whilst industrial social services usually form part of the enterprise's manpower department. Industrial social work ensures from the corporate social responsibility of industrial enterprises. This responsibility is external (concerning the community in general) and internal (concerning employees and their families). The latter enables employees to contribute optimally to the production process and the realisation of business objectives and in compliance with their individual abilities and potential, to develop in human beings with a commitment to work. The establishing of an industrial social service usually develops from a micro to a macro level, from a peripheric to an integrated component of the enterprise. A typology of composite industrial social work models illustrates this statement in the dissertation. The general aim of industrial social work is to contribute to the realisation of corporate objectives by rendering professional services to employees. The components of the strategic planning of industrial social work are similar to those of any management planning. The study is concluded with guidelines for the positioning of industrial social work in industrial enterprises.
Books on the topic "Contract labor – Sociological aspects"
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Sociological perspectives on labor markets. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
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Legal aspects of employment contracts and dispute settlement schemes in Tanzania. Mzumbe, [Tanzania]: Research and Publications Dept., Mzumbe University, 2003.
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McCarry, G. J. Aspects of public sector employment law. Sydney: Law Book Co., 1988.
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Mujtamaʻ al-taṣnīʻ: Fī ʻilm ijtimāʻ al-ʻamal al-ṣināʻī. [Egypt]: al-S.Ḥ. ʻAwaḍ, 1999.
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Vannes, Viviane. Le contrat de travail: Aspects théoriques et pratiques. Bruxelles: Bruylant, 1996.
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Hishongwa, Ndeutala Selma. The contract labour system and its effects on family and social life in Namibia: A historical perspective. Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmillan, 1992.
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Labor, economy, and society. Cambridge: Polity, 2013.
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Kowalski, Sergiusz. Solidarność polska: Studium z socjologii myślenia potocznego. Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, IPSiR, 1988.
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Ramzī, Nāhid. Ẓāhirat ʻimālat al-aṭfāl fī al-duwal al-ʻArabīyah: Naḥwa istirātījīyah ʻArabīyah li-muwājahat al-ẓāhirah. al-Zamālik, al-Qāhirah: al-Majlis al-ʻArabī lil-Ṭufūlah wa-al-Tanmiyah, 1998.
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India and Institute for Social and Economic Change., eds. Contract Labour Act in India: A pragmatic view. Bangalore: Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2006.
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Shumilina, Vera, and Darya Pilyuk. "LEGAL FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF REMOTE LABOR OF EMPLOYEES." In Problems of the labor market of the Russian Federation and its legal support in the context of economic recession and pandemic, 75–83. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/chapter_60252bdee06ea0.06138505.
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The chapter considers the concept of remote labor, its positive and negative aspects, the features of concluding an employment contract with employees in a remote format, as well as the legal features of organizing the work of employees remotely.
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Jašarević, Senad, and Attila Dudás. "Serbia: Regulation of Employment Contracts and Collective Bargaining : Labor and Contract Law Aspects." In Fundamentals of Labor Law in Central Europe, 109–33. Central European Academic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2022.nj.fullce_6.
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The authors give an overview of the current Serbian labor law—the theoretical and practical approach to employment contracts and collective bargaining. First, the chapter presents basic and supplementary sources of Serbian labor law. Secondly, an overview of the different theoretical approaches to the notion of employment contract in the literature is given. The effective labor law regulation is accentuated, with special regard to the rules of general law of obligations, which is being applied in subsidiary manner. This is followed by an overview of the regulation on collective agreements. A special part of the paper is dedicated to the issue of reforms of labor law in Serbia. In this context, regulatory issues related to employment contracts and collective bargaining are highlighted.
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Strban, Grega, and Luka Mišič. "Slovenia: Social Law and Labor Law – an Overview of Key Concepts." In Fundamentals of Labor Law in Central Europe, 81–107. Central European Academic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2022.nj.fullce_5.
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The chapter, grounded in most relevant domestic literature on employment and labor relationships, provides the reader with a general overview of Slovenian individual and collective labor law regulation, its relation to EU law, and its placement in the wider field of social law, alongside social security law or social insurance regulation. It consists of an analysis of key sources of labor law, i.e., the Slovenian Constitution, the Employment Relationships Act or, simply, the Slovenian labor code,1 and autonomous legal sources like different-level collective agreements. Other important acts, like the Labor Inspection Act, Public Employees Act, or the Public Sector Salary System Act, are also referred to in places as to depict the regulatory framework as a whole. The chapter also addresses key aspects of most important labor law institutions, like the employment relationship, established by the employment contract, never staying far away from the evergreen interplay between labor law and (contract) civil law. It also considers some of the common challenges, faced in the field today, like disguised employment relationships or the conclusion of successive fixed-term contracts.
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Iarulin, Ildus Faizrakhmanovich, and Soloveva Soloveva iuliia nikolaevna Nikolaevna. "Kak zashchitit' sotsial'nye prava samozaniatykh? Mnenie rossiian." In Strategies of Sustainable Development: External-economic, Law and Social Aspects, 81–93. Publishing house Sreda, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-103472.
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The article is devoted to the study of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic, which had the greatest impact on the economic field, and, in particular, on the labor market. An analysis of the dynamics of the mode of operation in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods is presented. The disadvantages of the remote format of work are indicated. The results of a survey of Russians on the further preferred mode of carrying out their labor duties are given. A comparative characteristic by age groups of choosing a place of labor activity is shown. It was revealed that the representatives of the «extreme» age categories – young people aged 18 to 24 years and people 60 years and older – were the most difficult to endure the pandemic and post-pandemic periods. The negative changes noted by the Russians themselves, including the loss of a job, and in connection with this a sharp drop in income levels, forced young people and people of retirement age to adapt to new labor market conditions through employment in the informal sector of the economy, in particular, by acquiring the status of self-employed, until recently illegal. However, despite the attempts of the state to give self-employment an official character, many citizens are in no hurry to register their activities, since the shortcomings in the «law on the self-employed» cause mistrust and, as a result, unwillingness to «come out of the shadows». One of these shortcomings, according to the authors, is the lack of a clear definition of the term «self-employed» enshrined in the legislative act, as well as the conditions for providing minimum social guarantees. As a result, even the self-employed do not have an accurate idea of this form of labor activity, not to mention ordinary Russians. The authors believe that the solution to the above problems can be various educational programs related to self-employment, both in the business environment and among ordinary citizens, fixing an exhaustive definition of the concept of «self-employed» at the legislative level, considering the conditions for providing self-employed citizens with social guarantees from the state. The conclusions made by the authors are based on the results of sociological surveys of Russians.
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Višić, Josipa. "Robots and Economics." In Research Anthology on Cross-Disciplinary Designs and Applications of Automation, 20–34. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3694-3.ch002.
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Robotization will eventually transform the nature of doing business and economics in general. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide a broader perspective on economic repercussions of robotization covering both microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects as well as other closely related sociological aspects. This broad perspective is needed for researchers, policy makers, as well as managers while contemplating changes as stirring as robotization. Further, the chapter deals with the issue of education of future economists in the context of robotization. In that sense, it emphasizes the need to make future economists more flexible, observant, and consequently, more efficient, regardless of their position on labor market. In that sense, the chapter serves as an alarm since existent (economic) lag between countries may become even bigger if it is not addresses in a timely manner.
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Višić, Josipa. "Robots and Economics." In Bridging Microeconomics and Macroeconomics and the Effects on Economic Development and Growth, 173–87. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4933-9.ch009.
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Robotization will eventually transform the nature of doing business and economics in general. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide a broader perspective on economic repercussions of robotization covering both microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects as well as other closely related sociological aspects. This broad perspective is needed for researchers, policy makers, as well as managers while contemplating changes as stirring as robotization. Further, the chapter deals with the issue of education of future economists in the context of robotization. In that sense, it emphasizes the need to make future economists more flexible, observant, and consequently, more efficient, regardless of their position on labor market. In that sense, the chapter serves as an alarm since existent (economic) lag between countries may become even bigger if it is not addresses in a timely manner.
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Volkov, Yury G. "New Social Elevators in the Regional Space." In Russia in Reform: Year-Book [collection of scientific articles], 131–59. Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/ezheg.2020.6.
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The problem of new social elevators in Russian society has entered the public space and has become abdiscussion space not only for the expert community, but also for practical managers. It is obvious that the social class and socio-territorial (spatial) barriers to upward social mobility generate abmultiplicative effect of social stagnation. According to the author of the article, new social elevators in the regional space are mechanisms of upward social mobility of subjects of the regional space (volunteer movements, social networks, subcultural practices), focused on changes in social status positions according to the criteria of social utility, social creativity, and social self-determination. Applying the principles of the resource approach (volume of capital, diversity capital, resource potential regional space, resursoemkost regional elite and non-elite actors of the regional space) on the basis of the results of all-Russian and regional sociological researches devoted to different aspects of the problem, it is concluded that the formation of abnew social mobility is the result of ab“social contract” with regional elites focus on social “capitalization” and the regional space, forming new social elevators within the framework of converting social and cultural-symbolic capital not for inclusion in regional elites, but for acquiring abresource of influence on making vital decisions for regional development.
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Brear, Michelle. "Organizational Factors." In Medical Informatics in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 315–22. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-078-3.ch016.
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The influence of organizational factors on the success of informatics interventions in healthcare has been clearly demonstrated. This health specific research, informed by a larger body of evidence emerging from interdisciplinary organizational, psychological and sociological research, has confirmed the view that organizational factors can be the decisive factor in the success of an intervention (Lorenzi et al, 1997). However it remains rare for organizational factors to be explicitly addressed in the implementation process. As such their contribution to the success or failure of informatics applications is not properly understood. This has implications for future interventions. Applications which were not utilized or did not perform adequately in a particular setting may be dismissed, while other, less appropriate systems may be adopted because organizational factors influenced their success. Explicit study of the role of organizational factors on the implementation of health informatics interventions is necessary to develop an understanding of their influence in the healthcare context. Healthcare organizations tend to be highly task oriented, labor intensive and dependent on interdisciplinary teamwork, so the influence of organizational factors within them may differ considerably from the business settings in which they have traditionally been studied (Chau, 2001). Health organisations are also increasingly underresourced due to the global downturn in government social spending, health sector privatization and aging populations. It is these characteristics which necessitate rapid uptake of informatics applications, capable of automating aspects of healthcare provision and reducing labor intensity (Coiera, 2004). From a technical perspective, rapid and fundamental transformation of the healthcare sector through informatics is achievable. However, without a clear understanding of, and ability to manage organizational factors it is unlikely that informatics applications will realize their potential in the health sector. This short review provides an overview of the key organizational factors influencing the success of informatics interventions. It begins by positioning informatics interventions in the broader context of organizational change, before discussing the current understanding of selected factors.
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Souza, Mayara Emilia Barbosa, Jorge Grenha Teixeira, and Abílio Pereira Pacheco. "Mitigating rural fires through transformative service research: value cocreation with forest-related rural communities." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1709–13. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_263.
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Socioeconomic changes have caused profound transformations in forest landscapes and increased abandonment of rural areas, leading to fuel accumulation and higher landscape homogeneity, and consequently, raising the rural fires risk. Rural fires risk is also fueled by climate change, due to heat waves and lack of precipitation. In this context, rural communities inhabiting forest areas are those who suffer the most, because rural fires, land degradation and climate change can disturb their food and economic strategy. These communities already suffer from underdeveloped rural infrastructure, and services, lack of labor and education opportunities, that trigger poverty and migration. Given this accelerating pace of change and increasing uncertainty, many fields of knowledge have been dedicated to contributing towards a more sustainable and inclusive future. In service research, transformative service research (TSR) literature plays a central role on understanding problems and finding solutions that improve well-being and create uplifting change through services. Similarly, the fire research field highlights the need for an integrated perspective to analyze all the aspects involved in rural fires occurrence, whether they are of an environmental or economic nature, or a sociological or demographic nature. This study aims to explore new services to cocreate value with forest-related rural communities, thus helping to manage forest areas and mitigate rural fires risks. A qualitative methodology was employed involving 28 participants related to fire management and forest areas and communities, including actors from industries, public entities, academics, the third sector. The data collected through individual interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed following a thematic analysis approach, with NVivo software support. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for an endogenous and adapted set of services to cocreate value with vulnerable communities in forest areas, which consequently enable rural fires mitigation. Given the high level of land abandonment and accumulation of residual materials that increases the risk of rural fires, the development of valuing and recovery solutions is a priority. Finally, this research can also help decision-makers and stakeholders to generate and support services that cocreate value with rural communities to a sustainable, safe and inclusive future.
Conference papers on the topic "Contract labor – Sociological aspects"
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Erdei, Renáta J., and Anita R. Fedor R. Fedor. "The Phenomenon and the Characteristics of Precariate in Hungary: Labormarket situation, Precariate, Subjective health." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10284.
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Anita R. Fedor- Renáta J. Erdei Abstract The focus of our research is labor market integration and the related issues like learning motivation, value choices, health status, family formation and work attitudes. The research took place in the North Great Plain Region – Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza region, Debrecen, Cigánd district (exception), we used the Debrecen and the national database of the Graduate Tracking System. Target groups: 18-70 year-old age group, women and women raising young children, 15-29 year-old young age group, high school students (graduate ones) fresh university graduates. The theorethical frameworks of the precariate research is characterized by a multi-disciplinar approach, as this topic has sociological, economic, psychological, pedagogical, legal and health aspects. Our aim is to show whether There is relevance between the phenomenon of precariate and labor market disadvantage and how individual insecurity factors affect a person’s presence in the labor market. How the uncertainties in the workplace appear in different regions and social groups by expanding the theoretical framework.According to Standing precariate is typical to low gualified people. But I would like to see if it also typical to highly qualifiled young graduates with favourable conditions.It is possible or worth looking for a way out of the precarious lifestyle (often caused by objective reasons) by combining and using management and education.Are there definite features in the subjective state of health of groups with classic precariate characteristics? Results The research results demonstrate that the precarious characteristics can be extended, they are multi-dimensional.The personal and regional risk factors of labor market exclusion can develop both in different regions and social groups. Precarized groups cannot be connected exclusively to disadvantaged social groups, my research has shown that precarious characteristics may also appear, and the process of precarization may also start among highly qualified people. Precariate is a kind of subjective and collective crisis. Its depth largely depends on the economic environment, the economic and social policy, and the strategy and cultural conditions of the region. The results show, that the subjective health of classical precar groups is worse than the others.