Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Contraception'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Contraception.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Contraception.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Gibbs, Larry. "Contraception Biographies: Women's Contraceptive Method Switching and Union Status." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1404313178.
Full text
2
Le, Bris Catherine Le Mauff Pierre. "Comment les femmes guadeloupéennes vivent-elles leur contraception par Implanon® ? étude épidémiologique descriptive d'un échantillon de 100 femmes guadeloupéennes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDlebris.pdf.
Full text
3
Bouniol, Simonneau Sandrine Meslé Bernard. "Tolérance de l'Implanon® état des lieux en 2006 à Nantes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=23981.
Full text
4
Onyensoh, O. O. C. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception among high school students in Tswaing sub-district, North-West Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/697.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M Med (Family Medicine)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011.Aim and objectives Challenged by the high incidence of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections observed among high school students who were attending antenatal care at the clinics in Tswaing Sub-district. The researcher conducted this study to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception among high school learners and establish whether the demographic characteristics of the students influenced their knowledge, attitudes and practices towards contraception. Design This study was a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study. It was conducted among 231 learners who were aged 16 years and above, male and female, between grades 10 and 12. Systematic sampling was employed to select 33 students from 7 high schools selected by random probability sampling technique in Tswaing Sub-district who completed confidential, anonymous self-administrated questionnaires. The questionnaires were in English, Afrikaans and Setswana, so as to ensure clarity and accurate understanding of the content and hence the questionnaire was self-administered in the language of preference for each learner. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 17. A chi-square test was performed to determine the association between predictor's variables and knowledge. A p-value ofless than 0.05 at 95% CI was taken for statistical significance. Results More males 70 % and 60 % of the females indicated that they had a boyfriend or girlfriend. More males (50.3%) than females (49.7%) indicated that they had engaged in sexual intercourse. The average age of first sexual intercourse was 14.9 years for the males and 15.4 years for the females. The modal age for first intercourse for male was below 13 years and 15.4 years for the females. The most common contraceptive used among the males was a condom (89.8%) and among females, it was the combined injectable contraceptives (49.4%). Males (63.6%) and females (68.8%) thought it easy to access contraception. There was a high rate of unprotected sexual activity among the learners, with 34.1 % of the males and 42.1 % of the females' indicated that they had had sex without contraception. Most of the learners obtained contraceptive information from their parents 98 [33%] male, 70 [53.8%] female). The preferred source of information for the male learners was a doctor 59 [59%], and the preferred source of con1raceptive information for the female learners was their parents 57 [43%]. 54 (57.4%) of the males and 75.4% of the 84 female learners indicated that their parents had discussed contraception with them. 64.2% of the males and 68.5% of the females claimed that they were satisfied with the information they received about contraception from their parents. All the learners had the knowledge that condoms can prevent sexually 1ransmitted infections and that a condom cannot be used more than once, with a p< 0.05 and their response according to gender and age, all schools had more than 60% participants. Forty-three percent of the learners in all schools who lived with both parents had the knowledge that condoms can prevent sexually transmitted infections and condom cannot be used more than once, p< 0.05. Among the female learners, only 79 [60.8%] knew that conception could take place if they missed taking their con1raceptive pill once. 51 [39.2%] said that conception could not take place if they had missed taking the pill once. More than 90% learners wanted information on contraception from their primary health care providers. Conclusion This study showed that senior learners had a good knowledge about basic contraception. The high level of sexual activity, early sexual initiation and low contraceptive use put these adolescents at risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. They indicated that they needed more information on sexuality and contraception from their primary health care providers especially from their doctors. Adolescents should be encouraged to ask about contraception and sexual health at the clinics, and all health workers; nurses and doctors, who consult must see every encounter as an opportunity for health education and counseling in reproductive health
5
Groussin, Sophie Lecompte Thomas. "Première consultation de contraception et prévention des accidents thromboemboliques veineux sous estroprogestatifs expérience d'un centre de planification /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2008_GROUSSIN_SOPHIE.pdf.
Full text
6
Heller, Rebecca Lily. "No missed opportunity : expanding sexual healthcare provision beyond current service delivery models." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28997.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Despite a wide range of contraceptive options available in the United Kingdom, the unplanned pregnancy rate remains high. Contraceptive services are currently delivered by general practitioners, sexual health clinics and pharmacies, but there may be scope to expand the places that these are offered, and increase the options available within each service. Doing so could increase the uptake of contraceptive methods, particularly the most effective methods, and therefore reduce the unplanned pregnancy rate. Aim and objectives: Research in this thesis aimed to investigate novel delivery models of contraception. The research had two main areas of focus. Firstly the capacity of the pharmacy to deliver regular contraception was examined, in the context of existing literature, and then through a pilot study. After that the expansion of contraception care to maternity services was investigated, first in the literature and then using an observational study. Methods: In undertaking this thesis I used a variety of methods. Two patient surveys were employed to investigate patients’ perspectives on proposed novel methods of contraceptive delivery. A pilot study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of delivery of the contraceptive injection at the pharmacy. Quantitative results about the numbers of injections given were collected, as were patient questionnaires. Qualitative one-to-one interviews were conducted with participating pharmacists, these were recorded, transcribed and analysed. An observational study was also undertaken to assess routine delivery of insertion of intra-uterine contraception at the time of caesarean section. Patients were seen at six weeks following insertion, and contacted by telephone at three, six and 12 months about satisfaction and continuation of the method. Results: 220 women completed a questionnaire about attending the community pharmacy to receive a contraception injection. 33% of current non-users indicated that they would consider using this method if it was available at the pharmacy. 50 established users of the contraceptive injection participated in a pilot project receiving up to three injections from the community pharmacy. Only 48 injections of a possible 150 were delivered at the community pharmacy. Only 7 participants received all three injections at the pharmacy, and participants reported mixed experiences accessing the pharmacy. The practical obstacles around pharmacy engagement and the challenges of retaining participants were significant, and more research is necessary before proceeding with a randomised controlled trial. 250 women on a postnatal ward completed questionnaires about their pregnancy intentions. 96.7% were not planning a baby in the next year, but only 23.6% were planning on using the most effective methods of contraception. One in three respondents described themselves as likely to use either an implant or intra-uterine contraception if it could be inserted before they left the hospital. In an observational study, 120/877 women opted to have intra-uterine contraception inserted at the time of caesarean section. Continuation rates at 12 months were 84.8% of those contacted, and 92.6% were either ‘very’ or ‘fairly’ happy with their contraception. Conclusion: Although patients are receptive to contraception being delivered using novel service models, alternatives to current practice need careful investigation. Contraceptive injections at the community pharmacy are not necessarily more convenient for patients, and therefore may not increase uptake of this method. However, offering intrauterine contraception to patients at the time of caesarean section is highly acceptable to patients, and results in a substantial majority continuing this highly effective method. Robust and careful research using a range of methods can help to identify which innovative approaches to contraceptive delivery offer the most promise.
7
Bras, Élodie Carton Véronique. "La contraception." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=19911.
Full text
8
Buechner-wiegand, Dana K. "Contraception Management at Point of Care for Emergency Contraception." Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1367841736.
Full text
9
Bouzit, Ghindri Aziza Prudhomme Muriel. "Evolution de la délivrance de la contraception d'urgence (NORLEVO®), après l'application de la loi permettant sa vente sans prescription médicale par les pharmacies d'officines, dans une ville du Val de Marne." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2004. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0243072.pdf.
Full text
10
Geiger, Alex. "History of Contraception." The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626582.
Full text
11
Dodd, Will. "Topics in Contraception." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8933.
Full text
12
Weisberg, Edith. "Postcoital emergency contraception." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1995. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26903.
Full textAbstract:
Fertility control is not a modern concept. In virtually every culture of historical importance there is evidence of a desire to control fertility by artificial means ( Dickinson 1970 ). The desire for, as distinct from the achievement of, reliable contraception has been characteristic of many societies widely removed in time and place, even in societies dominated by mores and religious codes demanding that people increase and multiply( Hines 1970 ). Today fertility control is widely seen as a basic right, a right of the individual to the knowledge and means to procreate only when desired.
The right to fertility control
The right to family planning was first made explicit at an international forum in 1953 to ratify the constitution of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. In 1968 it was enshrined in the United Nations' body of rights declarations at the United Nations Conference on Human Rights. In 1969 the United Nations Declaration on Social Progress and Development expanded the basic right to choose the number and spacing of children, to include access to adequate family planning education, information and methods. This right has since been reaffirmed in many fora, including the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.
The recent International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo in September 1994 reaffirmed the basic right of all women, men and adolescents to make free and informed choices regarding their own sexual and reproductive health and to have the means to exercise this right.
Implicit in the right to family planning is the right to choice of method. This means that all medically approved methods should be available, with complete information on advantages and disadvantages to enable people to make a free choice. This includes access to postcoital methods. Health professionals, who deny women information or access to postcoital contraception based on their own moral or ethical beliefs are infringing a woman's human rights.
13
Arrowsmith, Myat. "Improving access to contraception : long-acting reversible contraception in primary care." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/18663.
Full textAbstract:
Background The majority of unintended pregnancies are attributed to contraceptive failures from incorrect and inconsistent use. Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARCs) are highly effective in reducing unintended pregnancies, however, use of LARC is low in the United Kingdom (UK), and the intrauterine device (IUD) is the least used method in the UK. This thesis examines the impact of the pay for performance incentive on prescribing of long-acting reversible contraception in UK primary care, and also investigates the effectiveness of interventions to improve uptake of copper-IUD devices. Methods (1) Mixed-level logistic regression analysis of data from the UK Office of National Statistics ONS (2) Longitudinal data analysis of long-acting reversible contraception before and after the introduction of pay for performance in a sample of general practices across the UK (3) Cochrane systematic review on the effectiveness of interventions to improve the use of copper-IUD internationally. Results (1) Women who accessed their contraception from family planning clinics were more likely to use LARCs than those who accessed it from general practices. (2) Since pay for performance indicators on offering contraceptive information were implemented in 2009, the prescribing of LARCs has increased by 4% annually. This has resulted in 8700 more women being prescribed LARC at the practices included in this study. (3) Provision of contraceptive counselling and appointment and recall systems for IUD insertions was found to be effective in increasing uptake of copper-IUD, and the timing of counselling on pre- or post-natal patients was found to be important. Conclusions Uptake of more effective contraceptive methods such as LARCs was associated with financial incentives for contraceptive information provision in general practices. Provision of consistent and structured contraceptive counselling in primary care for women of reproductive age may improve the use of LARCs and should in turn reduce unintended pregnancies in the long-run.
14
Larsson, Margareta. "The Adoption of a New Contraceptive Method – Surveys and Interventions Regarding Emergency Contraception." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4237.
Full text
15
Michie, Lucy Helen. "Strategies for preventing unintended pregnancy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23396.
Full textAbstract:
In the United Kingdom (UK) there is easy access to a wide range of contraceptive methods, available at no cost. In addition, oral emergency contraception (EC) (1.5 mg levonorgestrel) is now widely available from the community pharmacy. In spite of this, unintended pregnancy is common. In 2014 in England and Wales, 184,571 induced abortions were performed, and in Scotland, the corresponding figure was 11,475. Long acting reversible methods such as contraceptive implants and intrauterine contraception, are amongst the most effective methods available and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that increased uptake can lead to fewer unintended pregnancies. However, uptake of long acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods remains low. The majority of women who require to use EC do so following unprotected sex or an accident with a condom. Increasingly women in Great Britain prefer to attend a pharmacy for EC rather than a sexual and reproductive health (SRH) service or general practitioner (GP). Starting an effective on-going method of contraception after EC use is clearly important if women are to avoid unintended pregnancy. Community pharmacists in the UK and most other high income countries are usually unable to provide any on-going contraception except condoms. So we have created a situation where EC is provided almost solely from settings where other more effective methods of contraception cannot be immediately provided. Novel strategies are therefore required to facilitate both uptake and continuation of the most effective methods of contraception, in order to prevent unintended pregnancy for more women. This thesis presents a mixture of biomedical, clinical and health services research to evaluate a series of strategies aimed at improving uptake of the most effective methods of contraception. Two studies investigated patient knowledge and information provision relating to contraceptive methods. The first sought to determine if women held misconceptions about intrauterine methods of contraception, and revealed that although myths persist in a small number of women, a lack of knowledge about these methods was also evident. The second study aimed to determine if the use of a digital video disc (DVD) to provide contraceptive information was acceptable and informative to women, and identified that it is, and could possibly enhance patient consultations. Studies three, four and five investigated strategies aimed at increasing the uptake of effective on-going contraception, following emergency contraception provided from a community pharmacy, and patient and health care provider attitudes to such approaches. They showed that simple interventions such as supplying one month of a progestogen only pill (POP), or offering rapid access to a family planning clinic (FPC), hold promise as strategies to increase the uptake of effective contraception after EC and that both women and clinicians were positive about such measures. Additionally, the problems encountered in conducting these studies provided valuable feedback to inform further development of research methods in the community pharmacy setting, and larger scale studies of such interventions. Community SRH services may be well placed to deliver more abortion care in the UK, and consequently this may result in greater uptake of contraception post abortion. Study six aimed to determine the views of health professionals working in SRH regarding their attitudes towards providing more abortion services and also the views of staff within one community SRH centre in Scotland where a service providing early medical abortion was due to commence. It showed there is clear support amongst health professionals in community SRH in the UK towards greater participation in provision of abortion care services.
16
Noone, Joanne. "The process of contraceptive decision-making in women using a feminist grounded theory approach /." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=3&did=764803661&SrchMode=1&sid=8&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233280715&clientId=23440.
Full text
17
Essel, Kwabena. "Knowledge of contraception and barriers to contraceptive use in women undergoing repeat termination of pregnancy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3044.
Full text
18
Dupré, Michèle Tavera. "Sein et contraception orale : bilan actuel, essai de synthèse." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11144.
Full text
19
Boccara, Isabelle. "Contraception chez la femme diabétique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P063.
Full text
20
Falk, Gabriella. "Teenagers' unintended pregnancies and contraception /." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56478.
Full text
21
Hair, W. Morton. "Studies in male hormonal contraception." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24662.
Full textAbstract:
To date androgens remain a central part of any hormonal contraceptive for men although understanding the heterogeneity of the suppression response within populations may require consideration of less orthodox hormonal regulatory systems. Development of minimally invasive, long acting androgen formulations is also necessary to provide an acceptable, convenient and reliable form of androgen delivery which men themselves can administer. Experimental studies in animals have established prolactin as a progonadal hormone in the testis and accessory glands. To explore the role of prolactin in men we investigated the localization and functional activation of the prolactin receptor in the human testis and accessory tissues by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and activation of the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription and Mitogen Activated Protein kinase and Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase signalling pathways. Expression of prolactin receptor was localized to the Leydig cells and differentiating cells of the testis, the epithelium of vas deferens, epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicles. Functional activation of prolactin receptor was demonstrated in fresh samples of vas deferens. The second study investigated whether concomitant suppression of PRL with the dopamine receptor agonist quinagolide (Q), would enhance the efficacy of testosterone (T) as a contraceptive in men. Volunteers were treated orally with Q, to chronically suppress PRL secretion. A high and an intermediate dose of T was selected to establish whether PRL inhibition would allow use of a lower dose of androgen to induce azoospermia in men. Q did not seem to confer additional efficacy but difficulties in chronic suppression of PRL precludes definitive assessment. The final study describes a clinical trial employing a subject administered, non-invasive hormonal contraceptive regime. Men received transdermal T patches and the synthetic progestagen desogestrel orally in a down ward dose finding study. Transdermal T was less effective than injectable androgen formulations and the minimally effective dose of DSG is 150 mg/day.
22
Free, Caroline. "Putting contraception use in context." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483487.
Full text
23
Salway, Sarah Maria. "Contraception following childbirth in Bangladesh." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1997. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682294/.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data, the thesis describes and explains both the current patterns of natural protection against pregnancy and the use of modern contraception in the period following childbirth in two populations, one rural and one urban, in Bangladesh. First, quantitative data gathered through demographic surveillance systems of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh are used to explore the patterns and differentials in breastfeeding, postpartum amenorrhoea and risk of pregnancy in the months following birth in the two study populations. Next, the surveillance data are used to describe the patterns of adoption of contraception in relation to time postpartum, breastfeeding and menstrual status for the two study populations. Extensive use is made of life table methods, hazard models and logistic regression techniques in these analyses. Qualitative data gathered through in-depth interviews with users of contraception are then used to identify key themes of understanding that influence women's behaviour, including contraceptive uptake, in the period following childbirth. The current knowledge, attitudes and practices of family planning providers in the two study populations are next described using qualitative data collected through a series of in-depth interviews and group discussions. Findings from the quantitative and qualitative analyses are then integrated in order firstly, to explain the current patterns and recent trends in contraceptive use and lactational protection against pregnancy following childbirth, and secondly to explore their potential implications for birth intervals and fertility. Finally, important issues are identified and recommendations made for improvements to postpartum family planning programme approaches in Bangladesh.
24
Blackwelder, Reid B. "Adolescent Sexuality, Contraception and Pregnancy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6924.
Full text
25
Thompson, Melissa Marie. "Males and Male Hormonal Contraception." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1196792820.
Full text
26
Dorlencourt, Fabienne. "Contraception orale et sexualité féminine." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3101.
Full text
27
Walton, Melanie Jane. "Novel approaches to male hormonal contraception." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29411.
Full textAbstract:
The principal of male hormonal contraception has been investigated for the past 20 years. This thesis reviews what is known already from the literature and presents the results of three new clinical trials investigating different aspects of this approach. These trials were undertaken by myself as a member of the Contraceptive Development Network research groups at the University of Edinburgh. 1. A randomised single centre study comparing the effects of MENT Ac implants or testosterone pellets in combination with etonogestrel implants on spermatogenesis and androgen dependent tissues. 2. Investigation of the effects of gonadotrophin withdrawal and progesterone on hormone production, metabolism and action in the human testis- a randomised, controlled trial. 3. A single centre study comparing the 24 hour testosterone concentration in two groups of men: men receiving a hormonal contraceptive regime and a control group.
28
Lufuluabo, Ngeleka Albert. "Role of contraception in HIV prevention." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79936.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Reproductive health of people living with HIV/AIDS is a significant public health issue because of its associated risks of HIV transmission to both, the baby and the sexual partner. Provision of effective contraceptive to HIV-positive women is a proven prevention strategy, and can help prevent unintended pregnancy and other sexually transmitted infections. Unmet need for contraception in developing world and rates of unintended pregnancies among women living with HIV remain highly prevalent. The objectives of this study were to identify the current knowledge of HIV-positive women on existing contraceptive methods, determine their current contraceptive practices, identify barriers to contraception use, and provide recommendations on how contraception uptake can be improved among these women in Kasane. A cross-sectional study using qualitative technique was used among twenty five (25) participants at Kasane Primary Hospital. In-depth interviews were conducted with the help of research assistants for data collection. Excel Microsoft Office Software was used for socio-demographics data entry and analysis, and qualitative data were analysed manually using descriptive statistics. Main reasons for low uptake of contraception were desire for children, partner refusal, side effects, and socio-cultural and religious factors. Contraception prevalence was 56 % and condom was the most used contraceptive method (36%). whereas the rate of unintended pregnancies was 60% . Knowledge of contraception was high (100%) but limited proportion of participants (12%) had an expended understanding of contraception as a HIV prevention strategy. Most women living with HIV prefer to space, limit or stop childbearing but do not use any contraceptive method and found themselves with unintended pregnancy. Despite the good knowledge about contraception among participants, the uptake remained low. About half (44%) of the women interviewed were not on any contraceptive method. The choice to use contraception interferes with many factors and the desire to fulfil the primary reproductive intention of men and women, including those living with HIV, mostly override this choice. There is need for a strategic integrated approach that conveys HIV prevention messages and discusses the importance of planning a pregnancy. Thus promoting dual protection among women living with HIV.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die voortplantingsgesondheid van mense wat met MIV/vigs leef, is ‘n belangrike openbaregesondheidskwessie, aangesien voortplantingsgesondheid verband hou met die gevaar van MIV-oordrag na babas sowel as seksmaats. Daar is al bewys dat ander seksueel oordraagbare siektes sowel as onbeplande swangerskappe voorkom word as doeltreffende voorbehoedmiddels verskaf word aan vroue wat MIV-positief is. Dit behoefte aan voorbehoeding in ontwikkelende lande bly egter baie dikwels agterweë, en ‘n groot persentasie vroue wat met MIV leef, raak onbepland swanger. Die doel met hierdie ondersoek is om vas te stel wat vroue wat MIV-positief is, tans oor bestaande voorbehoeding weet, watter voorbehoedingsmetodes hulle tans gebruik en watter struikelblokke daar vir die gebruik van voorbehoeding is, en om voorstelle te maak oor hoe ʼn groter persentasie van hierdie vroue in Kasane oortuig kan word om voorbehoedmiddels te gebruik. ‘n Deursnee-studie wat met behulp van kwalitatiewe tegnieke by die Kasane Primêre Hospitaal uitgevoer is, het vyf en twintig (25) deelnemers betrek. Met die hulp van navorsingsassistente is diepte-onderhoude gevoer om inligting in te samel. Microsoft Office se Excel-sagteware is gebruik om sosio-demografiese inligting in te voer en te ontleed, en kwalitatiewe inligting is met verwysing na beskrywende statistiek met die hand ontleed. Die vernaamste redes vir die trae gebruik van voorbehoeding was die begeerte na ‘n kind, die teenstand van seksmaats, die newe-effekte, en sosio-kulturele en godsdienstige oorwegings. Daar is bevind dat 56% van die deelnemers voorbehoeding gebruik, dat kondome die algemeenste voorbehoedmiddel is (36%) en dat 60% van alle swangerskappe ongewens was. Die deelnemers was almal oor voorbehoeding ingelig (100%), maar slegs ‘n klein persentasie (12%) het ook geweet dat voorbehoedmiddels ‘n voorkomingstrategie vir MIV-infeksie is. Die meeste vroue wat met MIV leef, verkies om swangerskappe te versprei, te beperk of te verhoed, maar gebruik geen voorbehoedmiddels nie en het dus onbepland swanger geraak. Hoewel die deelnemers goed ingelig was oor voorbehoeding, het min van hulle dit gebruik. Ongeveer die helfte (44%) van die vroue met wie onderhoude gevoer is, het geen voorbehoeding gebruik nie. Die keuse om ‘n voorbehoedmiddel te gebruik, word beïnvloed talle ander faktore, en mans en vroue se primêre begeerte om voort te plant – ook al leef hulle met MIV – weeg gewoonlik swaarder as hierdie keuse. Daar is ‘n behoefte aan ‘n strategiese, geïntegreerde benadering wat boodskappe oor MIV-voorkoming oordra en wat tuisbring hoe belangrik dit is om swangerskappe te beplan. Sodoende sal vroue wat met MIV leef, tweedoelige beskerming kry.
29
Thomas, Hilary. "Women and contraception : a biographical approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387007.
Full text
30
Graham, Anna Louise. "Improving teenagers' understanding of emergency contraception." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251126.
Full text
31
Lakha, Fatim. "Improving choice and use of contraception." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24803.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Almost all women are at risk of unintended pregnancy throughout their reproductive years. In the UK alone, more than 200,000 pregnancies were terminated by induced abortion in 2010. Additionally, a substantial number of births result from unintended pregnancy. Family planning is achieved through use of contraceptive methods. Contraceptive prevalence is increasing worldwide, however, some need for contraception remains unmet. Even in industrialised countries where contraception is readily available and use is high, many unintended pregnancies occur. The reason for this is that existing methods are not perfect, and their acceptability is limited by side effects and inconvenience leading to either non-use or incorrect and inconsistent use. Preventing unintended pregnancy requires the number of successful contraceptive users to increase. This, at a minimum, requires the availability of safe, acceptable and effective methods of contraception; access to information, supplies and services; and the motivation and ability (including recognition of risk) to initiate and use contraceptives correctly and consistently. Currently available methods need to be reviewed and where necessary adapted to address users' concerns and preferences in an effort to increase acceptability and hence uptake and adherence. And, most importantly, new methods need to be developed which do not cause the systemic side-effects linked to existing methods and offer additional non-contraceptive health benefits. Methodology: Using a variety of methodologies we explored three areas. Firstly we sought to establish via a questionnaire survey how many pregnancies ending in either childbirth or abortion are unintended, and what proportion of women use emergency contraception (EC) to try to prevent pregnancy. Secondly we explored the issue of acceptability of adapted methods of contraception (Implanon® and Depo-provera®) via questionnaire survey. And thirdly we further developed a novel contraceptive, mifepristone by exploring both its effectiveness and its potential non-contraceptive health benefits (amenorrhoea and protection against STI's including HIV). Results: Ninety percent of pregnancies which end in induced abortion were clearly unintended, however, of these women only 12% recognised their risk and used EC to try and prevent a pregnancy. Additionally one third of pregnancies which resulted in a birth were not clearly intended. Both Implanon®, in practice, and subcutaneous depo-provera®, in theory, were found to be acceptable methods of contraception to women. Approximately half (47%) of those who used Implanon® continued to use it for the full duration ( > 2years 9/12) and one third of all users chose to have another implant when the first one expired. Regarding subcutaneous depo-provera® 67% of current users, 26% of never users and 40% of exusers said they would seriously consider self-administration of depo-provera® if it were to be licensed. In investigating mifepristone it was found that there were no pregnancies in 356 months of exposure to mifepristone and more women were amenorrhoic whilst taking mifepristone than POP (49% vs 0% p < 0.001) and no mifepristone users discontinued for reasons related to bleeding profiles. Additionally no significant changes were found in vaginal thickness or content with use of mifepristone. Discussion: Unintended pregnancy is common, even among women who choose to continue pregnancy. EC use is low indicating that women are often not aware of their risk. Thus EC is unlikely to reduce unintended pregnancy. Rather, we need to encourage improved use of regular contraception. Long acting reversible contraceptives are particularly beneficial as they do not require daily intake and hence can be 'forgotten'. Our findings suggest that the long acting reversible methods of contraception (LARC) Implanon® is acceptable to women and its continuation rates justify its widespread provision. Similarly, the advent of subcutaneous self-administrable Depo-provera® would likely be beneficial and popular with women. Alongside adapting existing methods of contraception there is a need to develop novel methods of contraception such as antigestogens. Our studies of mifepristone show that mifepristone is an effective oral contraceptive pill with a better pattern of menstrual bleeding than an existing POP (levenorgestrel). We also found that in contrast to other oestrogen-free contraceptives, mifepristone is unlikely to be associated with an increased risk of transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
32
Hukin, Eleanor. "Contraception in Cambodia : explaining unmet need." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/640/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to explain why there is a high level of unmet need for contraception in Cambodia - a country where effective methods of birth control are cheaply available and morally acceptable. The research design takes a mixed methods approach, initially using data from the Cambodian Demographic and Health Surveys of 2000 and 2005 to assess trends in contraceptive use. Multivariate logistic regression is used to analyse factors associated with, firstly, unmet need, and secondly, use of traditional contraceptive methods. The likelihood of having an unmet need for contraception increased as education and wealth levels decreased; urban or rural residence had no significant effect. However, the likelihood of using traditional methods, rather than modern methods, increased as education and wealth increased. Taking these findings and the questions they raise as a departure point, 21 months of ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in one urban and one rural site in Northwest Cambodia between 2008 and 2010. The study looks at women’s and men’s reproductive decision making with a focus on their experiences of and meanings given to contraception, situating these understandings within the broader social context. Fear of side effects, stemming from both contraceptive experiences and notions of health and the body, was found to be the greatest obstacle to use of modern contraceptives. This related more broadly to the pluralistic medical systems operating simultaneously and the varying levels of medicalization and trust in both biomedicine and the Cambodian health system. Behaviour that seemed counter-intuitive at the outset - not wanting to become pregnant but not using contraception, and wealthy educated women choosing traditional over modern methods – becomes understandable in light of the context and meanings highlighted by the ethnographic data. This thesis provides a unique empirical study which contributes to the emerging field of anthropological demography. By bringing approaches and methods from medical anthropology to the typically demographic phenomenon of unmet need, the study provides a new insight for social policies regarding reproductive health as well as contributing to the body of ethnographic literature on Cambodia.
33
Stiegler, Nancy. "Contraception and unmet-needs in Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2669.
Full textAbstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe first objective of this study is to show if diffusion of contraception in areas of traditional high fertility has gone through profound changes. Indeed, we would like to know if contraceptive behaviours have evolved because of new fertility perceptions and also because partners now have greater freedom to make choices in a relationship. The second objective of this study is not only to highlight the levels and trends of contraception and the factors influencing their use (government policies, role of family planning, etc.) in developing countries, but also to consider the population of unmet-needs of contraception. Indeed, the level of contraceptive use depends obviously on users, but also on non-users with no needs and non-users with unsatisfied needs. The understanding of this last category of females is essential to a more accurate estimation of contraception levels, and, therefore for the estimation of fertility levels. This study analyses the contraceptive use in several developing countries in Africa and highlights the unsatisfied needs of contraception, to understand why such needs exist. To do so, we shall analyse available demographic data for thirty-five African countries by using the available Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), from the 1980's to 2000's considering the DHS I, DHS II, DHS III and DHS IV. This great variety of surveys, seventy-nine in total, permits one to compare levels of contraception and 'unmet-needs' from country to country. The surveys also, make it possible to compare the evolution over time of specific countries or specific regions, and to subsequently comprehend the determining factors of contraceptive use or non-use.
South Africa
34
HUIN, WILLEM ODILE, and THEVENET FRANCOISE TAURAN. "Contraception : raisons et motivations d'un choix." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M117.
Full text
35
Giami, Dominique. "Accidents vasculaires oculaires et contraception orale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR1M307.
Full text
36
Jari-Benbady, Atiqa. "La Contraception et l'enfant non-désiré." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376061619.
Full text
37
Cope, Holly Rebecca. "Contraception as a wildlife conservation tool." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19935.
Full textAbstract:
Captive breeding plays an increasingly significant role in conservation programs, providing program managers with the challenge of preventing over-crowding, whilst also maintaining genetic and behavioural integrity of the population. This thesis assesses a new approach to the reproductive and genetic management of individuals in conservation programs by using contraception. Suprelorin contraceptive implants containing the GnRH agonist deslorelin were used to manage reproduction in two conservation-dependent species, the Tasmanian devil and burrowing bettong. A Tasmanian devil insurance population was established in 2006 due to the threat of devil tumour disease (DFTD). Female devils were selected for contraception in 2015 and 2017 based on their genetic profile with the aim of equalizing founder representation and maximising the genetic benefit per breeding event. Suprelorin implants were ineffective in male devils. Intensive dose-response trials in female devils demonstrated that a 4.7mg implant achieved contraception for one year, while a 9.4mg implant was effective for up to two years. Implants were trialled on female devils in free-ranging enclosures and on Maria Island, which demonstrated that treatment was reversible and had no effect on access to food, social status, movements, survival and body weight. This novel use of contraceptives therefore also enables animals to be group housed, thus reducing operational costs and maintaining wild behaviours and relationships. The 4.7 mg Suprelorin implants were also trialled as a potential tool for managing a locally overabundant burrowing bettong population at the Arid Recovery reserve. There were no negative side effects, yet efficacy could not be proven.
38
Magne-Spitzlei, Nathalie. "Contraception progestative et diabète insulino-dépendant." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON11042.
Full text
39
Sempere, Laurence. "L'hypertension artérielle chez les femmes sous contraception orale par oestroprogestatifs." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11086.
Full text
40
Toirov, Farrukh Guest Philip. "Effects of contraception knowledge and childbearing motivation on the contraceptive method choice of married women in Tajikistan /." Abstract, 2004. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2547/cd368/4638496.pdf.
Full text
41
Elgán, Elisabeth. "Genus och politik : en jämförelse mellam svensk och fransk abort- och preventivmedelspolitik från sekelskiftet till andra världskriget /." Uppsala : Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis ; Distributor, Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35740528v.
Full textAbstract:
Doktorsavhandling--Historia--Uppsala, 1994.Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Genre et politique : une comparaison entre les politiques d'avortement et de contraception suédoise et française de la Belle Epoque à la deuxième guerre mondiale. Résumé en français.
42
Estève, Sylvie. "Contraception de la femme diabétique : enquête réalisée auprès de 168 femmes." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11022.
Full text
43
Gupta, Sarika. "Community Contraceptive Implant Provision among a Rural Population on Karkar Island, Papua New Guinea: Investigating the Uptake, Cultural Acceptability and Impact of the Implant on Maternal Morbidity and Mortality." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24702.
Full textAbstract:
Background
Contraceptive implants were introduced to Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2012 but there is little data outlining the clinical efficacy and cultural acceptability of implants within a local population in rural PNG, and the impact that the introduction of implants has had on maternal health in these settings. We set out to explore these outcomes among a large, rural community on Karkar Island, PNG.
Methods
Paper I summarises the major trends in contraceptive use throughout PNG between 1996 and 2016. Paper II uses a cross-sectional survey design to determine continuation rates, satisfaction scores, side effects and failure rates associated with the implants at 12 months of use. Paper III uses time-series regressional analyses to assess the change in the rate of severe haemorrhage, sepsis, hospital readmission, low birth weight, prematurity and death before and after introduction of the implant on Karkar Island. Paper IV uses qualitative interviews to explore the pathways to decision-making around implant use on Karkar Island.
Results
Paper I demonstrates that the national unmet need for contraception in PNG remains high (32%) even after targeted introduction of the contraceptive implant. Paper II confirms high continuation rates with the implant (97%) with only 2% of women experiencing bothersome side effects. Paper III demonstrated at least a 56% and upto a 74% reduction in the rate of adverse birth outcomes following introduction of the implants. Paper IV revealed that men are supportive of their wives using family planning, but that there is a community-wide lack of familiarity with the contraceptive implant that lowers its uptake.
Conclusions
Our findings support the expansion of implants throughout rural PNG. Twelve-month follow-up data confirm high levels of uptake and community acceptability of the implant. However, our qualitative findings point to the need for ongoing community education as being critical to sustaining implant uptake in the future.
44
HEVIN, JEAN-FRANCOIS. "Contraceptions et religions." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31002.
Full text
45
Meng, Chun-Xia. "Levonorgestrel emergency contraception effects on endometrial development and embryo implantation /." Stockholm : Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, 2009. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2009/978-91-7409-662-0/.
Full text
46
Amsellem-Mainguy, Yaëlle. "La contraception d'urgence : analyse sociologiqe des pratiques contraceptives de jeunes femmes." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H088.
Full textAbstract:
Trente ans après la légalisation de la contraception en France (Loi Neuwirth du 28 décembre 1967) la «pilule du lendemain» était autorisée à la vente (1998). La loi relative a l'interruption de grossesse et à la contraception promulguée en 2001 permet, notamment, que la contraception d'urgence soit vendue sans ordonnance, en pharmacie. Elle autorise en outre les mineures à accéder gratuitement et sans autorisation parentale à cette méthode. En tant que contraception post-coïtale, la "pilule du lendemain" permet aux femmes d'éviter la survenue d'une grossesse en cas de rapport non ou mal protégé. À partir du récit de 64 jeunes femmes âgées de 15 à 25 ans (entretiens comprehensifs) cette thèse de sociologie appréhende les enjeux sanitaires, relationnels et identitaires lies a l'utilisation des méthodes contraceptives. Elle questionne l'existence de domaines de compétences distincts en matière de gestion de la sexualité : la protection pour les hommes et la contraception pour les femmes. À travers les recours à la contraception d'urgence nous étudions les formes d'investissement du partenaire et saisissons combien son implication peut être révélatrice de 1 intensité du lien amoureux. À partir des pratiques et des stratégies de protections (imaginaires et identiaires) mises en œuvre par les jeunes femmes, l'intention de cette recherche est de mettre en évidence l'imbrication des biographies affectives et sexuelles pour comprendre les pratiques contraceptivesThirty years after the legalization of contraception in France (Neuwirth Law of December 28th 1967), the emergency contraception was allowed to sale (1998). The Law promulgated in 2001 about abortion and contraception lets one buy emergency contraception in chemist' s shop without prescription. It also allows minors to get free contraception without parental advisory. As a post-coital contraception, it prevents women from pregnancy in case of not well or unprotected sexual intercourse. Based on the accounts of 64 women between 15 and 25 years old, this sociology thesis deals with sanitary, relational and identity questions linked with the use of contraceptive. It also raises the issue of the of distinct abilities about sexual control: protection for men, and contraception for women. Through emergency contraception we will study the forms of the partner's investment and we will see that one's implication can reveal the intensity of the relationship. From the protection habits and strategies (imaginary and identity) applied by these young women, this research will ify to highlight the overlapping of emotive and sexual biographies to understand the contraceptive habits
47
Meniere, Renaud Bastien Patrick. "De la connaissance du bon usage de la contraception apport de l'étude nationale Epilule 2003 auprès de 2802 patientes en médecine générale /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_MENIERE_RENAUD.pdf.
Full text
48
Maraux, Barbara. "Pratiques contraceptives des femmes immigrées d’Afrique subsaharienne en France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS534/document.
Full textAbstract:
Pour les femmes immigrées d’Afrique sub-Saharienne l’arrivée en France peut constituer une rupture dans leur trajectoire sexuelle, affective et reproductive. Si beaucoup ont déjà fait l’expérience d’une grossesse avant leur arrivée, un certain nombre n’aura pas encore débuté sa vie reproductive. Toutefois et pour les femmes qui le souhaitent, l’arrivée en France, et le changement du paysage contraceptif peut être l’occasion d’accéder à une contraception efficace ou bien de changer de méthode. En 2010, en France, sur l’ensemble de la population des femmes âgées entre 15-49 ans et en besoin de contraception, 78.5% déclarait utiliser une contraception médicale contre 22.9% en Afrique subsaharienne (tous pays confondus) pour les femmes de la même tranche d’âge. Par ailleurs, la population originaire d’Afrique subsaharienne est particulièrement touchée par le VIH/sida en Afrique mais aussi en France, où ils représentent le deuxième groupe le plus affecté.A partir de deux enquêtes, Parcours et Vespa 2, notre étude a visé à mettre en lumière les pratiques contraceptives et les éventuelles inégalités en matière de contraception dont les immigrées originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne feraient l’objet, afin de repérer les leviers d’une meilleure prise en charge de leur santé sexuelle et reproductive.Les résultats de cette thèse mettent en évidence que les femmes africaines immigrées se saisissent d'un système qui articule la promotion de la contraception, un dispositif d'accès facilitant et des pratiques médicales aboutissant à une forte adhésion à la contraception médicale efficace puisque la majorité des femmes déclare utiliser la pilule, l’implant et parfois le DIU. Ces résultats sont toutefois à moduler pour deux raisons. D’une part, lorsque les femmes vivent avec le VIH, (les femmes immigrées ou nées en France) utilisent très majoritairement le préservatif. D’autre part, le recours à l’implant est nettement plus marqué qu’en population générale ce qui doit nous inciter à poursuivre les études pour savoir jusqu'à quel point les méthodes en usage correspondent à un choix et conviennent aux besoins des femmesFor immigrant women from sub-Saharan Africa, arriving in France may be a break in their sexual, emotional and reproductive trajectory. If many have already experienced pregnancy before arriving, a number will not have started their reproductive life. However, for women who wish so, the arrival in France and the change in the contraceptive landscape may be an opportunity to access effective contraception or to change the method. In 2010, in France, of the entire population of women between the ages of 15-49 and in need of contraception, 78.5% reported using medical contraception compared to 22.9% in sub-Saharan Africa (all countries combined) for women in the same age group. Moreover, the population from sub-Saharan Africa is particularly affected by HIV/AIDS in Africa but also in France, where they represent the second most affected group.Based on two surveys, Parcours and Vespa 2, our study aimed to highlight the contraceptive practices and possible inequalities in contraception that immigrant women from sub-Saharan Africa face, in order to identify improvements in their sexual and reproductive health care.The results of this thesis highlight that African immigrant women seize a system that articulates the sponsoring of contraception, easier access and medical practices resulting in a strong adherence to effective medical contraception since the majority of women report using the pill, the implant and sometimes the IUD. These results must however be adjusted for two reasons. On one hand, women living with HIV (immigrant women or women born in France) use condoms for the most part. On the other hand, the use of an implant is much more pervasive than in the general population which should encourage us to continue studying to what extent the methods in use correspond to a choice and are adapted to the needs of women
49
Rice, Caroline Frances. "Progestogen-only contraception : the role of desogestrel." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272007.
Full text
50
ADANE, DAWIT. "Risk of First Contraception among Ethiopian Women." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-92547.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: In this study, I examine the risk of first contraception among Ethiopian women. I use the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey and apply Continuous-Time Event-History Analysis to follow women from age ten to the time of first use or at the interview, whichever comes first. The multivariate analyses by controlling all variables show that risks for first contraception are higher at higher parities, at younger and older ages, for Orthodox religion followers, the Tigrie ethnic group, women who completed primary education, in the Benishangul-Gumuz and Gambela regions and in urban areas and for younger cohorts.