Dissertations / Theses: 'Continuité des Processus'

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Kaim, Michael. "Propriété des lois des fonctionnelles définies sur des processus empiriques : conditions d'absolue continuité." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/84cb1190-42fd-40f5-98be-c62b7b9f88f4.

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Le but de ce travail est d'étudier la loi de processus empiriques transportés, et plus particulièrement, l'existence de densité. Deux types de transport sont étudiés : - Le transport de processus empiriques, empiriques pondérés, quantiles et séquentiels par des fonctionnelles de types intégrales ou suprémum, - Le transport de processus empiriques ponctuels par des fonctionnelles homogènes. Cette seconde partie se prolonge par l'étude de la convergence en variation totale des fonctionnelles des processus empiriques ponctuels, qui vérifient une condition forte de variation régulière, vers celles d'un processus ponctuel Poissonien. On se limite au cas des fonctionnelles satisfaisant une condition de locale dépendance.

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Fafard, Annie. "Facteurs associés à la continuité du processus thérapeutique : études de cas cliniques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1472/1/030000434.pdf.

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Kara, Mohammed. "Les processus diaphoriques et la continuité textuelle : des cas de reprises démonstratives malencontreuses." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10075.

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Pérocheau, Guillaume. "Comprendre la continuité d'un processus collectif d'innovation avec une théorie du véhicule : application au cas d'un projet collaboratif européen." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00448758.

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Notre thèse a pour objectif d'expliquer ce qui fait la continuité d'un processus collectif d'innovation dans le temps. Elle s'appuie sur trois champs théoriques : les théories des processus d'innovation (comme la sociologie de l'acteur réseau ou la théorie CK de la conception), les théories permettant de décrire les collectifs innovants (vus comme des réseaux ou comme des communautés) et l'analyse processuelle, mise au point récemment au LEST, et qui articule un ensemble de concepts permettant de décrire un processus social, de comprendre son déploiement dans le temps. Empiriquement, notre recherche s'appuie sur l'étude d'un cas réel de projet collaboratif européen dans le domaine de l'électronique, cas que nous avons suivi sur quatre années dans une démarche d'observation participante. Les données collectées tout au long de cette recherche ont été codées et interprétées dans une démarche exploratoire. A partir de ce travail, nous défendons la théorie que si un processus d'innovation aussi complexe peut se déployer dans le temps, peut durer, résister aux changements, aux aléas qui pavent sont parcours, c'est qu'il existe un véhicule qui porte ce processus. Ce véhicule est un assemblage d'ingrédients sociaux de différents types (individus, organisations, outillages techniques, inscriptions, etc.). Ce véhicule se transforme sous l'effet de moteurs. Ce véhicule permet au raisonnement de se déployer car il est couplé au passé. Nous illustrons cette théorie grâce à la métaphore des voyages d'exploration de Christophe Colomb. Au final, cette thèse permet de proposer des apports aux théories portant sur les processus collectifs d'innovation, en particulier parcequ'elle articule les versants cognitifs et sociaux du processus d'innovation. Elle nous permet aussi de faire des recommandations managériales qui pourront intéresser les praticiens de l'innovation comme les institutions en charge de mette en oeuvre des politiques de soutien à l'innovation.

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Perocheau, Guillaume. "Comprendre la continuité d'un processus collectif d'innovation avec une théorie du véhicule : application au cas d'un projet collaboratif européen." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24020.

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Notre thèse a pour objectif d'expliquer ce qui fait la continuité d'un processus collectif d'innovation dans le temps. Elle s'appuie sur trois champs théoriques : les théories des processus d'innovation (comme la sociologie de l'acteur réseau ou la théorie CK de la conception), les théories permettant de décrire les collectifs innovants (vus comme des réseaux ou comme des communautés) et l'analyse processuelle, mise au point récemment au LEST, et qui articule un ensemble de concepts permettant de décrire et de comprendre le déploiement dans le temps d'un processus social. Empiriquement, notre recherche s'appuie sur l'étude d'un cas réel de projet collaboratif européen dans le domaine de l'électronique, cas que nous avons suivi sur quatre années dans une posture d'observation participante. Les données collectées ont été codées et interprétées dans une démarche exploratoire. A partir de ce travail, nous défendons la théorie que si un processus d'innovation peut durer dans le temps, résister aux changements, aux aléas qui pavent son parcours, c'est qu'il existe un véhicule qui porte ce processus. Ce véhicule est un assemblage d'ingrédients sociaux de différents types (individus, organisations, outillages techniques, inscriptions, etc. ). Ce véhicule se transforme sous l'effet de moteurs. Il permet au raisonnement de se déployer car il est couplé au passé. Nous illustrons cette théorie grâce à la métaphore des voyages d'exploration de Christophe Colomb. Au final, cette thèse permet de proposer des apports aux théories portant sur les processus collectifs d'innovation, en particulier parce qu'elle articule les versants cognitifs et sociaux du processus d'innovation. Elle nous permet aussi de faire des recommandations managériales qui pourront intéresser les praticiens de l'innovation comme les institutions en charge de mettre en oeuvre des politiques de soutien de l'innovation
The purpose of this thesis is to understand what makes the continuity of a collective innovation process. It is based upon three theorical fields : the innovation process theories (like the Actor Network Theory, the CK Design theory), theories that describe innovators aggregations (seen as networks or as communities) and Process Analysis, recently developed in the LEST laboratory, which proposes a set of concepts that can be used to describe and understand the temporal developing of social processes. Our research is empirically grounded in the case study of a European collaborative project in the electronic field. This case was followed during a participative observation during four years. Then, the collective data was coded for an explanatory interpretation. This work allows us to propose the following thesis : what explains the temporal continuity of an innovation process, its remanence to change, its ability to overcome obstacles, is the existence of a vehicle that holds the process. This vehicle is an assembling of social ingredients. These ingredients are of various types : individuals, organisations, technical tools, inscriptions, etc. This vehicle is changing due to motors effects. It allows a reasoning deployment because it's temporal coupling with past. We illustrate this theory using the metaphor of the Chistopher Colombus explanatory voyage. Finally, this thesis brings new proposals to existing theories describing collective innovation process, due to the fact that the vehicle theory restores the dialogue between the cognitive and the social sides of the innovation process. It also allows us to propose managerial recommendations dedicated to the innovation practitioners and to institutions in charge of implementing supportive policies for innovation

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Fallot, Yann. "Maîtrise de la qualité géométrique des pièces de formes complexes dans le contexte de la continuité numérique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN022.

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Ces travaux de recherche sont réalisés dans le cadre d'une thèse CIFRE en collaboration entre Safran Aircraft Engines et le LURPA de l'ENS Paris-Saclay. Safran Aircraft Engines conçoit et réalise des moteurs pour avions civils et militaires. Afin de répondre au fort développement industriel mondial, Safran Aircraft Engines est constamment en recherche d'optimisation des définitions de ses pièces tout en respectant les cadences de fabrication. Les normes de tolérancement évoluent et les moyens de contrôle s'améliorent. La problématique des travaux est de maîtriser la qualité géométrique des pièces de formes complexes dans le contexte de la continuité numérique.Une méthode permet d'établir les liens entre les fonctions et les spécifications géométriques. De plus, la traçabilité des caractéristiques dimensionnelles et géométriques est établie lors de la phase de tolérancement du produit.Une extension de la méthode CLIC à des composants qui se déforme localement est proposée. Cette extension s'intègre dans la méthode de tolérancement qui établit les liens entre les fonctions et les spécifications.Une méthode originale de génération de descripteurs de forme sur des surfaces permettant la séparation des écarts de taille, de forme, de position et d'orientation est présentée afin de réaliser une Décomposition Modale Discrète. De plus, l'analyse des résultats de la Décomposition Modale Discrète appliquée sur trente surfaces complexes permet de connaître la répétabilité du processus de fabrication
This PhD work is being carried out as part of a CIFRE PhD thesis in collaboration between Safran Aircraft Engines and the LURPA of the ENS Paris-Saclay. Safran Aircraft Engines designs and manufactures engines for civil and military aircraft. In order to meet the high level of global industrial development, Safran Aircraft Engines is constantly seeking to optimize the definitions of its parts while respecting production rate. Tolerancing standards are changing and control methods are improving. The challenge of this work is to control the geometric quality of complex shaped parts in the context of digital continuity.A method is used to establish the links between functions and geometric specifications. In addition, the traceability of dimensional and geometric characteristics is established during the product tolerancing phase.An extension of the CLIC method to components that deform locally is proposed. This extension is integrated into the tolerance method used to establish the links between functions and specifications.An innovative method of generating shape descriptors on surfaces allowing the separation of size, of shape, of position, and of orientation deviations is described in order to achieve a Discrete Modal Decomposition. In addition, the analysis of the results of the Discrete Modal Decomposition applied to thirty complex surfaces allows us to know the repeatability of the manufacturing process

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Gilet, Louis. "Charriage et obstacles à la continuité sédimentaire sur les cours d'eau du Morvan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H059.

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En France, les récentes évolutions réglementaires (DCE, 2000 ; LEMA, 2006) obligent à assurer une certaine continuité sédimentaire au droit des barrages. L’exigence se pose singulièrement dans le massif du Morvan, où une dizaine de barrages se sont installés depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle. Les questionnements y sont complexes : plusieurs des cours d’eau sur lesquels les ouvrages ont été édifiés ont été assez peu étudiés (lit plat de moyenne énergie à substrat grossier mixte). En outre, les systèmes fluviaux étudiés – l’Yonne supérieure, la Cure et le Chalaux – sont marqués par une anthropisation ancienne, caractérisée notamment par des usages multiples antérieurs aux barrages (moulins, flottage du bois). L’énergie de ces rivières, en partie régie par les barrages, est un facteur important mais insuffisant pour comprendre le charriage actuel. Celui-ci s’avère particulièrement influencé par certains paramètres morphologiques (substrat très grossier, structures sédimentaires, pente). Or les conditions morphologiques actuelles paraissent largement résulter de plusieurs décennies de modification des apports liquides et solides par les barrages. Leurs effets sur les processus fluviaux doivent donc être appréhendés à plusieurs échelles temporelles. Les travaux indiquent qu’ils dépendent également des influences héritées des anciens usages hydrauliques. La trajectoire hydromorphologique passée de la rivière semble aussi jouer sur les impacts morpho-sédimentaires qui ont pu être observés à la suite d’un démantèlement de barrage. Plutôt qu’une table rase ou un retour en arrière, les barrages ou leur démantèlement représentent ainsi davantage une nouvelle évolution de la trajectoire fluviale, faite de ruptures, de continuités et de mutations
In France, recent regulatory developments (WFD, 2000; LEMA, 2006) require sediment continuity across the dams to be ensured. This requirement is particularly acute in the Morvan massif, where a dozen dams have been installed since the middle of the 19th century. The questions are complex: several of the rivers on which the structures have been built have only been poorly studied (medium energy plane bed with mixed coarse substrate). In addition, the fluvial systems - the Upper Yonne, the Cure and the Chalaux - are marked by a long anthropogenic influence, characterized in particular by multiple uses prior to the dams (mills, log driving). Those rivers’ energy, partly governed by the dams, is an important factor but insufficient to understand current bedload transport. The latter is indeed significantly influenced by certain morphological parameters (very coarse substrate, sedimentary structures, slope). However, current morphological conditions appear to be largely the result of several decades of disturbance in liquid and solid inputs by dams. Their effects on river processes must therefore be understood on several time scales. The study indicates that they also depend on the influences inherited from previous hydraulic uses. The past hydromorphic trajectory of the river also seems to influence the morpho-sedimentary impacts that were observed following a dam removal. Rather than a clean slate or a step backwards, dams or their removal thus represent a new evolution of the river trajectory, made up of ruptures, continuities and mutations

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Skiba, Nathalie. "Processus d'innovation centré sur l'utilisateur : identification des besoins et interprétation des données issues de l'integration de l'utilisateur dans le processus de co-conception." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0027/document.

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Jamais nos modes de vie et les produits qui nous entourent n'ont évolué aussi rapidement. Cette évolution est un facteur nouveau à prendre en compte dans le développement de produits pour s'assurer de leur appropriation par les utilisateurs. C'est ainsi que les approches de conception s'orientent petit à petit vers l'intégration des usages. L'approche Living Lab est axée autour de quatre principes : le réalisme de la situation d'usage étudiée ; la continuité de la collaboration avec les utilisateurs ; la collecte de données d'usage spontanées ; l'augmentation de la capacité des utilisateurs à influencer le développement du produit. Ces principes facilitent le passage de la conception centrée-utilisateurs vers la conception centrée-usages, mais sont difficiles à réaliser concrètement. Pour accompagner et inspirer les concepteurs, nous proposons une méthode de pilotage de projet Living Lab composée de dix-huit opérations visant chacune l'atteinte d'un de ces principes. La méthode proposée est représentée sous forme de diagrammes NIAM-ORM, facilement compréhensibles car proche du langage naturel binaire. Deux projets urbains et deux projets industriels ont permis de tester notre méthode. La pertinence des opérations sur l'atteinte des principes est évaluée par le biais des réseaux bayésiens : selon les résultats obtenus, les opérations sont validées, ajustées ou reformulées puis ré-implémentées dans le modèle NIAM-ORM
Our way of life and the products that surround us have never evolved so quickly. This evolution is a new factor to take into account in the product development to ensure the product appropriation by the users. For that reason the design approaches try to integrate usages. The Living Lab approach is organised around four principles: the realism of the studied situation; the continuity in the collaboration with the users; the collection of spontaneous usage data; the empowerment of users in the design process. These principles facilitate the path from "user-centred design" to "usage-centred design" but are difficult to realise practically. To guide and inspire the designers we propose a Living Lab project method made of eighteen operations; each operation is supposed to reach one of the four principles. The proposed method is represented with NIAM-ORM diagrams which are easily understandable because of its similarity with natural language. We tested our method on two urban projects and two industrial projects. The relevance of the tested operations on the principle realisation is evaluated according to bayesian networks: depending on the results the operations are validated, adjusted or rephrased and implemented again in the NIAM-ORM model

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Couturier, Bérengère. "Organisation de la sortie d'hospitalisation et de la continuité des soins en aval." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066571.

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Organisation de la sortie d’hospitalisation et impact sur la santé des patients. Nous avons réalisé une revue systématique afin d’explorer l’association potentielle entre des éléments factuels des processus de sortie d’hospitalisation et de continuité des soins en aval et la survenue d’événements de santé en post-hospitalisation. Les résultats indiquent une absence d’association entre la survenue d’un dysfonctionnement ou d’une action d’amélioration au cours du processus de sortie et la mortalité. Concernant les réhospitalisations ou les passages aux urgences, l’analyse de la littérature apporte une réponse plus nuancée. Parallèlement, l’hétérogénéité constatée entre les études empêche la réalisation d’une synthèse quantitative et entrave une évaluation robuste de l’impact d’éléments factuels des processus de sortie et de continuité des soins sur la santé des patients.Point de vue des patients sur l’organisation de leur sortie d’hospitalisation. Nous avons comparé le point de vue des patients sur le processus de sortie selon deux modes de recueil, auto-questionnaire complété sur un site internet dédié versus entretien téléphonique, en tirant profit de l’infrastructure de l’étude SENTIPAT. Même si le taux de réponse des patients du groupe internet était inférieur à celui des patients du groupe téléphone, les informations rapportées par les patients via Internet ne différaient pas significativement de celles recueillies par téléphone. Nos résultats suggèrent le déploiement d’un système d’information pérenne permettant à des patients volontaires de transmettre leur point de vue sur la sortie d’hospitalisation et incitent à développer le concept de patient sentinelle
Organization of hospital discharge and impact on patient health outcomes. We made a systematic review of the literature with the aim of exploring associations between components of the hospital-discharge process–including continuity of care thereafter–and patients’ health outcomes in the post-discharge period. Results indicate that none of the studies reported a statistically significant association between the presence of a component or an intervention likely improving the quality of hospital-discharge process and mortality. As regards rehospitalizations or emergency department visits, the analysis of the literature provides a more balanced response. At the same time, the wide heterogeneity observed across the studies prevents from performing a meaningful meta-analysis and no consistent statistical association between components of the hospital-discharge process including continuity of care thereafter and patient health outcomes could be identified.Patients’ opinions on the hospital discharge process. Taking advantage of the SENTIPAT trial, we undertook an ancillary study that compared two methods for collecting patients’ opinions on the discharge process: questionnaire self-completion on a dedicated internet website versus a telephone interview. Although the internet patients’ response rate was lower than that of the telephone patients, estimates of patient satisfaction on the discharge process issued from both modes of administration of the questionnaire were similar. Results advocate for establishing a permanent information system that would enable volunteering patients to express their opinions on hospital discharge and for developing the concept of sentinel patient

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Kady, Charbel. "Managing Business Process Continuity and Integrity Using Pattern-Based Corrections." Electronic Thesis or Diss., IMT Mines Alès, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EMAL0014.

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Cette thèse présente une approche pour la gestion des déviations dans les flux de travail utilisant le Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). La recherche répond au besoin de gestion efficace des déviations en intégrant un cadre complet comprenant la correction des déviations basée sur des modèles et un mécanisme enrichi de State Token. L’approche est testée par une étude de cas dans le domaine de l’apiculture, démontrant l’applicabilité pratique et l’efficacité de la méthode proposée. Les contributions clés incluent le développement d’une bibliothèque de modèles, la caractérisation des éléments BPMN et un mécanisme pour aider à la prise de décision dans la gestion des déviations. Les résultats montrent que l’approche peut corriger efficacement les déviations, assurant la continuité et l’intégrité du flux de travail
This thesis presents an approach to managing deviations in Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) workflows. The research addresses the critical need for effective deviation management by integrating a comprehensive framework that includes pattern-based deviation correction and an enriched State Token mechanism. The approach is tested through a case study in the apiculture domain, demonstrating the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method. Key contributions include the development of a library of patterns, the characterization of BPMN elements, and a mechanism to help decision-making in addressing deviations. The results show that the approach can efficiently correct deviations, ensuring workflow continuity and integrity

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Etchart, Joana. "Les programmes de relations communautaires, community relations [CR], en Irlande du Nord de 1969 a 1998 : l’illusion d’une continuité ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030017/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse aux politiques de relations communautaires, community relations [CR], conçues et mises en place par les autorités publiques dans le contexte du conflit nord-irlandais entre 1969 et 1998. Elle s’interroge sur la filiation entre les dispositifs de 1969 et 1987-1990 et sur la cohésion de ces programmes dans la période étudiée. Elle insère les politiques de CR dans une démarche globale de construction de la paix, peacebuilding, parfois adoptée par les autorités publiques dans le contexte du conflit nordirlandais. La thèse décrit les caractéristiques de cette démarche et les met en relation avec les développements ayant lieu au sein du secteur associatif nord-irlandais. Malgré une première impression de discontinuité dans les politiques de CR, ce travail doctoral met progressivement en exergue la permanence de schémas de pensée et d’action au sein des autorités publiques entre 1969 et 1998, desquels émergent les programmes de CR étudiés
This study focuses on community relations policies followed by public bodies in Northern Ireland during the Troubles [1969-1998]. The author compares the first plan, which lasted from 1969 to 1974, with the second series of measures taken from 1987. She also examines policies set up during the intervening thirteen years [1974-1987] when the issue of CR remained dormant. This examination shows that the consistency of government policies in the field of community relations is questionable. Community relations programmes have been looked at alongside peacebuilding initiatives involving public bodies as well as community activists. Despite an initial assumption that there has been no continuity in community relations policies between 1969 and 1998, it appears from the research that, throughout the Troubles, such policies have emanated from modes of thinking and acting which are well established among decision makers

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Wilson, Alexander David. "Sociotechnical processes of organizational change and continuity." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2802/.

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This research combines the in-depth study of technical rationality and social practices with broader institutional influences that support or subvert the course of technology-led change in organizations. It contends that technology is socially shaped within the institutional and technical boundaries and that the choices made by individuals embedded in power relations shape the course of technological adoption in organizations. Two in-depth qualitative case studies are used to explore the sociotechnical processes of continuity and change.

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Goodacre, Jonathan. "Frequency discrimination, integration processes and auditory continuity." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285084.

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Hamonier, Julien. "Analyse par ondelettes du mouvement multifractionnaire stable linéaire." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00753510.

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Le mouvement brownien fractionnaire (mbf) constitue un important outil de modélisation utilisé dans plusieurs domaines (biologie, économie, finance, géologie, hydrologie, télécommunications, etc.) ; toutefois, ce modèle ne parvient pas toujours à donner une description suffisamment fidèle de la réalité, à cause, entre autres, des deux limitations suivantes : d'une part le mbf est un processus gaussien, et d'autre part, sa rugosité locale (mesurée par un exposant de Hölder) reste la même tout le long de sa trajectoire, puisque cette rugosité est partout égale au paramètre de Hurst H qui est une constante. En vue d'y remédier, S. Stoev et M.S. Taqqu (2004 et 2005) ont introduit le mouvement multifractionnaire stable linéaire (mmsl) ; ce processus stochastique strictement α-stable (StαS), désigné par {Y(t)}, est obtenu en remplaçant la mesure brownienne par une mesure StαS et le paramètre de Hurst H par une fonction H(.) dépendant de t. On se place systématiquement dans le cas où cette fonction est continue et à valeurs dans l'intervalle ouvert ]1/α,1[. Il convient aussi de noter que l'on a pour tout t, Y(t)=X(t,H(t)), où {X(u,v)} est le champ stochastique StαS, tel que pour tout v fixé, le processus {X(u,v)} est un mouvement fractionnaire stable linéaire. L'objectif de la thèse est de mener une étude approfondie du mmsl, au moyen de méthodes d'ondelettes ; elle consiste principalement en trois parties. (1) On détermine de fins modules de continuité, globaux et locaux de {Y(t)} ; cela repose essentiellement sur une nouvelle représentation de {X(u,v)}, sous la forme d'une série aléatoire, dont on montre la convergence presque sûre dans certains espaces de Hölder. (2) On introduit, via la base de Haar, une autre représentation de {X(u,v)} en série aléatoire ; cette dernière permet la mise en place d'une méthode de simulation efficace du mmsl, ainsi que de ses parties hautes et basses fréquences. (3) On construit des estimateurs par ondelettes du paramètre fonctionnel H(.) du mmsl, ainsi que de son paramètre de stabilité α.

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Kabui, Ali. "Value at risk et expected shortfall pour des données faiblement dépendantes : estimations non-paramétriques et théorèmes de convergences." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00743159.

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Quantifier et mesurer le risque dans un environnement partiellement ou totalement incertain est probablement l'un des enjeux majeurs de la recherche appliquée en mathématiques financières. Cela concerne l'économie, la finance, mais d'autres domaines comme la santé via les assurances par exemple. L'une des difficultés fondamentales de ce processus de gestion des risques est de modéliser les actifs sous-jacents, puis d'approcher le risque à partir des observations ou des simulations. Comme dans ce domaine, l'aléa ou l'incertitude joue un rôle fondamental dans l'évolution des actifs, le recours aux processus stochastiques et aux méthodes statistiques devient crucial. Dans la pratique l'approche paramétrique est largement utilisée. Elle consiste à choisir le modèle dans une famille paramétrique, de quantifier le risque en fonction des paramètres, et d'estimer le risque en remplaçant les paramètres par leurs estimations. Cette approche présente un risque majeur, celui de mal spécifier le modèle, et donc de sous-estimer ou sur-estimer le risque. Partant de ce constat et dans une perspective de minimiser le risque de modèle, nous avons choisi d'aborder la question de la quantification du risque avec une approche non-paramétrique qui s'applique à des modèles aussi généraux que possible. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur deux mesures de risque largement utilisées dans la pratique et qui sont parfois imposées par les réglementations nationales ou internationales. Il s'agit de la Value at Risk (VaR) qui quantifie le niveau de perte maximum avec un niveau de confiance élevé (95% ou 99%). La seconde mesure est l'Expected Shortfall (ES) qui nous renseigne sur la perte moyenne au delà de la VaR.

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Breton, Jean-Christophe. "Intégrales stables multiples : propriétés des lois ; principe local d'invariance pour des variables aléatoires stationnaires." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001343.

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Nous étudions dans la première partie les lois de certaines intégrales stochastiques. Après le cas introductif des intégrales de Poisson dont nous étudions l'absolue continuité, on construit les intégrales stables multiples pour les fonctions dans un espace de type Orlicz. Pour cela, nous passons par une généralisation de la représentation de LePage. Cette représentation est bien adaptée pour utiliser ensuite la méthode de stratification et étudier la loi de ces intégrales. Nous trouvons en particulier une condition garantissant l'absolue continuité par rapport à la mesure de Lebesgue des lois jointes d'intégrales stables multiples. Nous prouvons également à partir de cette représentation la continuité pour la norme de la variation totale des lois de ces intégrales par rapport aux fonctions intégrées. Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous intéressons à la convergence forte des lois des fonctionnelles stochastiques. Nous considérons tout d'abord une suite de variables aléatoires $(\xi_n)_n$ {\it i.i.d.} et on lui associe des processus de sommes partielles normalisées. On s'intéresse alors à la convergence en variation des lois des fonctionnelles de ces processus vers celles des fonctionnelles respectives du processus de Wiener. Ce type de convergence renforce celles du théorème central limite fonctionnel et permet d'obtenir un principe local d'invariance. Nous prouvons une telle convergence pour une large classe de fonctionnelles sous des hypothèses sensiblement affaiblies sur la loi commune des $\xi_n$ par rapport aux résultats précédents. Nous donnons des exemples concrets de fonctionnelles pour lesquelles ces convergences tiennent. Nous montrons pour terminer un résultat du même type en partant de certaines suites de variables aléatoires fortement mélangeantes. On obtient notamment dans un cas particulier un résultat de convergence en variation des lois des sommes partielles normalisées de variables mélangeantes.

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Martin, Kate. "Purposes, processes and parameters of continuing professional learning." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2017. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9ad794b4-c737-4cf9-a688-849b47ea74f0.

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This study examines boundaries and synergies between continuing professional learning contexts of academy, workplace and profession, and considers what factors and approaches of learning contribute to common good in societies. In a review of literature, historical trends in professions and professional learning, concerns of managerialism and performativity, and educational theories of socially constructivism, developmental and ethical learning were considered. A constructivist grounded theory approach was used to collect and analyse data from eighty work-based student documents and from twelve semi-structured interviews with practitioners in four Scottish professions. The findings indicated that learning across contexts was disconnected, creating additional demands for professionals. Increased academic study indicated a more knowledgeable and skilled workforce, with a caveat of market-led credentialism in response to demands for higher qualifications. Professional CPD provided benefits of quality assurance and public safety, but was reported as individualised procedural accountability. Interpersonal communicative action was identified as key to workplace learning, although was afforded less significance than accredited learning in professional and academic contexts. Factors of individualism, accountability and credentialism were noted to have effect on participative workplace learning, which, the study argued, impacted on ethical agency in professions. To address these trends, adaptability, reciprocity and dialogical critical thinking were identified as necessary factors for a continuing professional learning that contributes to common good in societies.

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Musil, Petr. "Využití procesní analýzy k zajištění kontinuity procesů v energetické společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72710.

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This work covers process continuity as the source of a business continuity management. In first theoretic part this work connects continuous behavior of systems with the business continuity and the process continuity. Then in second part of the work we look into present knowledge in business continuity management systems and we cover key standards for business continuity management. We also look into connections among those standards for business continuity and we pinpoint chapters of British standard BS 25999-1 with its counterparts in IT service frameworks such as ITIL v3 and COBIT 4.1. In the final part, this work covers use of process analysis and process models as tools for delivering business continuity through process continuity and preparing business continuity plans in utilities.

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Le, Thi Thu Hien. "Exposants de Lyapunov et potentiel aléatoire." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0025/document.

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Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à ”l’exposant de Lyapu-nov” pour deux modèles en milieu aléatoire : la marche aléatoire en potentiel aléatoire, le mouvement brownien en potentiel poissonnien.Dans la première partie de la thèse (chapitre II), on étudie une marche aléatoire dans un potentiel aléatoire donné par une famille de variables aléa¬toires i.i.d. non-négatives. La continuité des exposants de Lyapunov par rap¬port à la loi du potentiel est démontrée dans le cas transient, c’est-à-dire en dimension d ≥ 3 ou en dimension 2 pour un potentiel borné inférieurement. On poursuit avec l’étude des exposants critiques : l’exposant de volume ξ et l’exposant de fluctuation X. On obtient l’une des inégalités suggérée par la conjecture de KPZ sous une condition de courbure de la forme asymptotique. Les exposants de Lyapunov jouent un rôle important dans cette étude.La deuxième partie de la thèse (chapitre III) est surtout consacrée à l’étude du brownien dans un potentiel aléatoire de longue portée. On débute cependant par un potentiel classique à portée finie. Sznitman (1987-1998) a étudié plusieurs aspects de ce modèle. Un premier résultat de cette partie est la continuité des exposants de Lyapunov par rapport au paramètre du pro¬cessus de Poisson. On étudie ensuite le modèle proposé par Lacoin (2012) qui est un modèle avec un potentiel à longue portée. Il a obtenu des estimations des exposants critiques sensiblement différentes de celles de Wüthrich (1998) pour le modèle de Sznitman. Dans cette thèse, on poursuit l’étude du modèle de Lacoin. On montre l’existence des exposants de Lyapunov, le théorème de la forme limite et une estimation de grandes déviations
In this thesis, we are interested in Lyapunov exponent for two models in random media : random walk in random potential, Brownian motion in Poisson potential.In the first part (chapter II), we study a random walk in a random potential given by a family of i.i.d random non-negative variables. The continuity of Lyapunov exponents with respect to the law of potential is shown in the case transient, that is, in the dimension d ≥ 3 or in the dimension d = 2 for a lower bounded potential. Next, we consider the critical exponents : the exponent of volume ξ and the exponent of fluctuation X. We give an inequality suggested by the KPZ conjecture under a condition of asymptotic form. Lyapunov exponents play an important role in this work.The second part (chapter III) is mainly devoted to the study Brownian motion in a long-range random potential. However, we begin with a classical finite-range potential. Sznitman (1987-1998) investigated several aspects of this model. The first result of this part is the continuity of the Lyapunov exponents with respect to the parameter of the Poisson process. Then, we study the model proposed by Lacoin (2012) which is a long-range potential model. He obtained some estimations of critical exponents that are significantly different from those of Wüthrich (1998) for the model of Sznitman.In this thesis, we pursue the study of Lacoin model. We show the existence of Lyapunov exponents, the shape limit theorem and an estimation of large deviations

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Azadegan, Farshid. "Change and continuity through mergers & acquisitions." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/10311.

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I have lived through nineteen mergers and acquisitions and without moving companies, have signed eight employment contracts, all following M&As. Only two of the eight companies still trade, the others went bankrupt or shut down. My roles have been in engineering, sales, middle management and more recently a contributor at meetings where M&As were discussed and advisors attended. Despite professional advice, these M&As rarely turned out as planned including the envisaged growth and improvements. Often matters got worse, even for top executives. Yet, in both the literature and the way that people talk, businesses and individuals are portrayed as separate entities, M&As are aimed at changing only the businesses and are routinely associated with growth and improvements. My experience of M&As includes confusion about power and powerlessness, a sense of loss of valued relationships, identity issues and idealization of merged businesses. Using a narrative methodology and taking my experience seriously (Stacey and Griffin, 2005), I explore change and continuity through M&As and the experiencing of organizational upheavals. I also explore change in the idea of M&As and how we think of them. Drawing on complex responsive processes theory, I argue that we can enhance our understanding of change and continuity through M&As by exploring our experience of local interaction. Combined organizations as patterns of local interactions between people where these patterns emerge and evolve in the interplay of intentions, plans, actions and choices of all involved includes those between members of the merged organizations and between them and advisors, mediators, shareholders, competitors, customers, regulators and the media. To say that combined businesses emerge in this interplay is to understand change and continuity in terms of these evolving patterns of local interaction. These patterns include interpretations and conversations reflecting our ideologies, power relations, identities, idealizations and expectations about M&As. My expectations and reflections were influenced by and influence the discourse about M&As which I argue as social object evolves through our complex responsive processes of relating. Idealization of merged businesses, professional advice, the mainstream view of M&As as growth and improvement which amounts to ‘putting thought before action’ (Griffin, 2002: 25), all emerge and evolve through local interaction validating reflexive exploration of experience to enhance our understanding of change and continuity through M&As.

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Toutut, Jean-Philippe. "Processus de crise : continuites et changements au cours d'une transition psychosociale." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20049.

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La crise est "deferlement, dereglement et rupture" (lagadec 1995), davantage etat que processus, toujours normalement prolongee par une transition. Le chomage en est l'illustration choisie. Deux theories l'apprehendent : la psychanalyse, qui place la crise au centre du sujet, et la systemie qui place le sujet au centre de la crise. - pour la premiere, la crise est une decompensation, marquee par la perte (dumesnil 1980), rappelant le passe : pour rusk (1971) "la perte de l'emploi peut representer la perte de la mere". Le travail de deuil (freud 1926) favorise l'evolution transitionnelle (winnicott 1951, kaes 1979). - pour la seconde, la crise est liee a des evenements qui font defaillir les modes de regulation (morin 1976): la crise a une fonction evolutive, une independance causale (nizard 1991 ou weick 1996) et transforme les representations, au cours des "transitions psychosociales" (parkes 1971). Synthese possible : la theorie de la personnalisation (malrieu, baubion, tap) et la thematique du systeme des activites (curie, hajjar, baubion) peuvent integrer historicite et environnement. Nous avons interroge des personnes en crise d'emploi : leur passe intervenait-il ou non sur leurs emotions, representations, valeurs, strategies. . . ? nous comparons les reponses, les relations entre les reponses, les intensites et sens des changements, les liens au sein et entre les composantes des crises. Apparaissent simultanement la recurrence et la creation de certains contenus, reactions, liens. . . Un modele explicatif "mixte", au-dela de la psychanalyse et de la systemie, doit comprendre (avec weick) l'equivocite du sens, des "soi" et l'inter-determination du sujet et du social, en prolongement creatif du systeme des activites. Ce modele mixte est operatoire en pratique pour de nombreuses situations
Crisis in the words of lagadec (1995) is an "upsurge, upheaval and severance", a state rather than a process that is generally extended by some form of transition. It is illustrated here through the experience of unemployment. Of the two theories which embrace unemployment, psychoanalysis places crisis at the centre of the subject, while systemics places the subject at the centre of a crisis. - in the first case, crisis is decompensatory, characterised by loss (dumesnil, 1980) and harking back to the past rusk (1971) maintains that "the loss of a job may represent the loss of a mother" grieving (freud, 1926) aids the process of transition (winicott, 1951, kaes, 1979). - in the second case, crisis is linked to events that undermine methods of regulation (morin. 1976): crisis has a change-related function, is causally independent (nizard. 1991 or weick 1996) and transforms representations during a "psychosocial transition" (parkes, 1971). A synthesis of the two theories is possible : the theory of personalisation (mairieu, baubion, tap) and the thematics of activity systems (curie, hajjar, baubion) can account for both historicity and environment. People undergoing an unemployment crisis were asked about how far their past was a factor in their emotions, representations, values and strategies. Their responses and the relationships between responses were compared, as were the intensity and meaning of changes that occured, and links within and between crisis components. The recurrence and creation of certain contents, reactions, links, etc. Emerged simultaneously. A "combined" explanatory model that goes further than either psychoanalysis or systemics should include (cf weick) the equivocality of meanings and "self", and the inter-determination of the subject and the societal, as a creative extension of the activity system. This combined model has been found to be operational in a wide range of situations

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Fafard, Annie. "Facteurs associés à la continuité du processus thérapeutique : études de cas cliniques /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30000434R.pdf.

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GOMES, ADRIANA ALICE. "PUBLIC SOCIAL POLICY AND YOUTH: ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSES OF CONTINUITY AND DISCONTINUITY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16543@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
A presente dissertação tem por objetivo analisar os processos de continuidade e descontinuidade dos programas sociais voltados para o segmento social da juventude, em âmbito de política social pública. Este estudo centraliza sua análise no processo de reformulação ocorrida do Programa Agente Jovem de Desenvolvimento Social e Humano (AJDSH) para o Programa Integrado de Juventude (PROJOVEM-Adolescente). O texto apresenta reflexões sobre a compreensão de política social pública, direcionando sua discussão mais especificamente para a política social pública de assistência social, na perspectiva de direito e no contexto do neoliberalismo, com a finalidade de situar a conjuntura histórica de elaboração, implementação e execução dos programas sociais. Procura discutir o atual quadro em que se encontra a juventude em situação de vulnerabilidade social e os diferentes problemas sociais enfrentados por ela, nesse quadro de grandes desigualdades sociais, que caracteriza o país. Nos últimos anos esta questão vem sendo considerada de grande importância na agenda política nacional e na sociedade em geral. Os dados deste estudo apontam que as mudanças ocorridas parecem estar diretamente relacionadas a processos políticos. Demonstram também, que o programa Agente Jovem possui algumas características de relevância e efetividade que o levam a alguma continuidade. Destaca-se que este programa não foi simplesmente abandonado, como já ocorreu com outros programas na administração pública brasileira, conforme os exemplos discutidos nesta dissertação. Embora tenha perdido sua identidade inicial e algumas ações apontadas como importantes terem sido descontinuadas, serviu de base para o atual programa ProJovem Adolescente. Os dispositivos legais impressos recentemente, como a própria Constituição Federal de 1988, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (1990), Estatuto da Juventude (Projeto de Lei 4529/2004), a Política Nacional da Juventude (2005), além de constituírem num avanço para as políticas sociais públicas voltadas para juventude, as quais são concebidas enquanto direito, podem também contribuir, por meio da construção de espaços públicos para a continuidade das ações efetivas.
This dissertation aims to analyze the processes of continuity and discontinuity of social programs for the social segment of youth in the context of public social policy. This study focuses its analysis on the reformulation process occurred in the change of the Young Agent of Social Development and Human Program to the Integrated Program of Youth. The text presents reflections on the understanding of public social policy, directing the discussion closer to the politics of public social welfare from the perspective of rights and in the background of neoliberalism, in order to situate the historical context of development, implementation and execution of social programs. Discusses the current framework in which the youth is in a situation of social vulnerability and the various social problems faced by her, in this context of great inequality that characterizes the country. In recent years this issue has been considered of great importance in the national political agenda and in society in general. Data from this study indicate that changes appear to be directly related to political processes. They also show that the Young Agent Program has some characteristics of relevance and effectiveness that leads to some continuity. It is emphasized that this program was not simply abandoned as has happened with other programs in the public brazilian administration, as the examples discussed in this dissertation. Although it lost its original identity and some actions identified as important have been discontinued, was the basis for the current program ProJovem Adolescents. The legal forms recently, as the constitution of 1988, the Statute of Children and Adolescents (1990), the Statute of Youth (Law 4529/2004), the National Youth Policy (2005), as well as being a breakthrough for the political social public policies for youth, which are designed as a right, may also contribute, through the construction of public spaces for the continuity of effective action.

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Lutz, Gillian. "Factors influencing business continuity readiness of the Western Cape government." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/3013.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020
The research was focused on business continuity management as a key discipline towards building a resilient Western Cape Government. It provided an opportunity to identify existing business continuity processes to determine the level of preparedness of the Western Cape Government to ensure continued business due to a disruption. The inability of the public sector to manage and facilitate sound business continuity processes in anticipation of disruptive events have placed it in a position where it would be unable to deliver services to citizens and stakeholders. As the current business environment was continuously evolving, Government as an organization was therefore not immune to change and disruption, whether generated internally or externally. For government to be resilient it required the holistic management of risk but also the ability to adapt and respond to change with a limited impact on the delivery of services. Business Continuity was the core to building and improving organizational resilience. It had been a proven methodology that organizations should embrace as part of a holistic approach to the management of risks and threats. Legislation and/or policies have been drafted for the public sector to guide with the management of risks. As an organ of state and part of the public sector the Western Cape Government was therefore obliged to manage risks in a way that ensured that government was able to continue to render a service both internally and externally with as little impact as possible. Business continuity management identified the priorities of an organization as well as prepared solutions to address disruptive threats. The aim of the study was the exploration of the state of business continuity within the Western Cape Government. The objectives of the study were to: Identify current business continuity processes; Evaluate current business continuity processes; Critically analyse existing business continuity documentation; and Identify the links between business continuity and resilience. The research questions were focused on getting departments to express how business continuity was facilitated; clarity in respect of processes; input source of business continuity documentation; as well as determining whether departments acknowledged the benefits of having business continuity management towards building a resilient Western Cape Government. Previous work reinforced the importance of having sound business continuity processes in place. From the literature it would appear that business continuity in the public sector was fairly new and developmental in nature. Previous work also recognized that each and every organization was unique and as such the process should be aligned with the core functions and/or mandates afforded by legislation and/or policies. The research approach deemed most appropriate for this particular study was the Interpretivist approach. Not only was this approach value laden but it allowed for the exploration of the theory and obtaining of rich in-depth data from the participants. It also allowed for the contextualization of the problem as it related to the business continuity processes within the Western Cape Government. The research method was qualitative using interviews and document analysis as the most suited research instruments to elicit qualitative data required to render the research process as valid. It was concluded that having sound business continuity processes in place would greatly support organizations with the management of disruptions. Business continuity should be a proactive plan to avoid and mitigate risk associated with disruption of operations and needed to be managed in a way that objectives were met. Further to this it should be noted that the resilience maturity of the Western Cape Government remained reactive and concerted efforts towards becoming proactive should be considered.

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Engelcke, Dorthe Kirsten. "Processes of family law reform : legal and societal change and continuity in Morocco and Jordan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60356e5a-968d-4381-b2a4-6bb507e29176.

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The dissertation solves the empirical puzzle why similar regimes such as Morocco and Jordan vary in their engagement in family law reform between 1999 and 2013. Differences with respect to family law reform in the two monarchies are threefold: the way the reform processes were carried out, the content of the new family codes that were issued in Morocco in 2004 and in Jordan in 2010, and the way the laws were applied. Using Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice as a theoretical framework the dissertation establishes the links between the designs of the legal systems, how reform processes are carried out, the family laws countries end up with, and the way the laws are applied. French and British colonialism had shaped the legal systems of Morocco and Jordan to different degrees, producing a legal system that was unified after independence in Morocco whereas the Jordanian one continued to be divided into regular and religious courts. As a result, Moroccan family courts are less autonomous and more subjected to political decisions than Jordanian sharia courts. The institutional design of both judicial systems affected how family law reform was carried out because those systems contain biases towards different actors who are seen as competent of reforming family law and thus came to influence the reform process. The different access criteria to the juridical fields promote different types of cultural capital, so that actors participating in the process have different preferences regarding the development of the content of family law. In Jordan, the absence of the Jordanian king allowed the sharia court administration to exploit the structural bias in its favour and come to dominate both the process and content of family law reform. For this reason the 2010 Jordanian family law reflects to a lesser extent the demands of women's groups. The absence of the Jordanian king from the reform process demonstrates that change in authoritarian states is not necessarily imposed from above nor is it predetermined from the beginning. The Jordanian reform process saw little engagement from the top-level of the regime and could be classified as a mid-level process. It was led by a government body, the sharia court administration, which however enjoyed relative autonomy from the upper echelon of the regime. By contrast, the Moroccan family law reform was a textbook example of authoritarian politics, the reform being imposed from above and the king playing a leading role during the process. In contrast to the process and content of reform, the application of the reformed law in Morocco challenges the notion of the omnipotent authoritarian regime. While the monarch could impose legislative change, the state is at best partially able to enforce this very law or to impose a consensus over its interpretation. The designs of the legal systems again had an impact here. International law occupies different places in the Moroccan and Jordanian constitutions: Jordanian sharia courts enjoy greater autonomy, reject international law, and thus were able to resist its intrusion.

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Gallagher, Suzanne J. "Theological reflection at work : a phenomenological study of learning processes." FIU Digital Commons, 2006. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3437.

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Using the learning descriptions of graduates of a graduate ministry program, the mechanisms of interactions between the knowledge facets in learning processes were explored and described. The intent of the study was to explore how explicit, implicit, and emancipatory knowledge facets interacted in the learning processes at or about work. The study provided empirical research on Yang's (2003) holistic learning theory. A phenomenological research design was used to explore the essence of knowledge facet interactions. I achieved epoche through the disclosure of assumptions and a written self-experience to bracket biases. A criterion based, stratified sampling strategy was used to identify participants. The sample was stratified by graduation date. The sample consisted of 11 participants and was composed primarily of married (n = 9), white, non-Hispanic (n = 10), females (n = 9), who were Roman Catholic (n = 9). Professionally, the majority of the group were teachers or professors (n = 5). A semi-structured interview guide with scheduled and unscheduled probes was used. Each approximately 1-hour long interview was digitally recorded and transcribed. The transcripts were coded using a priori codes from holistic learning theory and one emergent code. The coded data were analyzed by identifying patterns, similarities, and differences under each code and then between codes. Steps to increase the trustworthiness of the study included member checks, coding checks, and thick descriptions of the data. Five themes were discovered including (a) the difficulty in describing interactions between knowledge facets; (b) actual mechanisms of interactions between knowledge facets; (c) knowledge facets initiating learning and dominating learning processes; (d) the dangers of one-dimensional learning or using only one knowledge facet to learn; and (e) the role of community in learning. The interpretation confirmed, extended, and challenged holistic learning theory. Mechanisms of interaction included knowledge facets expressing, informing, changing, and guiding one another. Implications included the need for a more complex model of learning and the value of seeing spirituality in the learning process. The study raised questions for future research including exploring learning processes with people from non-Christian faith traditions or other academic disciplines and the role of spiritual identity in learning.

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Bayer, Johannes Robert. "A theory of emergency service command staff sensemaking processes." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6781.

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Fire Service commanders work in a very dynamic environment. This research investigated the process they use to make sense and thereby develop understanding of situations during the response to a large-scale emergency. In previous research that investigated decision-making and situation awareness in real-life environments, the need for commanders to understand an incident is emphasised. This research aimed to generate new insights into the process individuals follow to build and improve situational understanding. An exploratory project phase was used to focus the research. Data from emergency exercises and interviews resulted in the design for the main study regarding application domain, data sources and methodological issues. For the main study, records of publicly available interviews with senior officers of the New York Fire Department on their experience of the response to the events at the World Trade Center on September, 11 2001 were analysed. Findings include six variations of the sensemaking process structure, which is characterised by distinct stages. A following investigation into why these stages occur took a theory-building approach and revealed two insights. First, process stages are tied to seven hierarchical but interlinked levels of understanding. Second, three groups of underlying mechanisms trigger process stages: four cognitive factors, eight needs to understand and three situational factors. The mechanisms occur in different combinations across process variations and have varying explanatory power. This study contributes to knowledge on the process of building and improving situational understanding and its link to understanding. A micro-level view of the sensemaking process is provided, showing the specific understanding that is gained and evolves along its stages. The view of sensemaking is extended from understanding what is going on and what can be done to include understanding performance of action. A review with experts revealed that findings adequately reflect the thinking of commanders during incident response and might have practical relevance for training and command support.

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Calligione, Sara <1987&gt. ""La famiglia Cinese, aspetti di continuità e cambiamento nei rapporti intergenerazionali”." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4032.

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Questa tesi mirerà a fornire una definizione chiara ed esaustiva dal punto di vista sociologico del termine Famiglia, analizzerà il suo sviluppo storico-evolutivo, mettendo in evidenza i cambiamenti, gli aspetti e le caratteristiche di continuità che la caratterizzano,soprattutto nei rapporti intergenerazionali.

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Whatley, Steve Lynn. "Social processes of a professional licensing board deciding to establish mandatory continuing professional education." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1132802891.

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Yue, Wen. "Absolute continuity of the laws, existence and uniqueness of solutions of some SDEs and SPDEs." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/absolute-continuity-of-the-laws-existence-and-uniqueness-of-solutions-of-some-sdes-and-spdes(2bc80de8-7c36-453f-a7c2-69fa4ee0e705).html.

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This thesis consists of four parts. In the first part we recall some background theory that will be used throughout the thesis. In the second part, we studied the absolute continuity of the laws of the solutions of some perturbed stochastic differential equaitons(SDEs) and perturbed reflected SDEs using Malliavin calculus. Because the extra terms in the perturbed SDEs involve the maximum of the solution itself, the Malliavin differentiability of the solutions becomes very delicate. In the third part, we studied the absolute continuity of the laws of the solutions of the parabolic stochastic partial differential equations(SPDEs) with two reflecting walls using Malliavin calculus. Our study is based on Yang and Zhang \cite{YZ1}, in which the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of such SPDEs was established. In the fourth part, we gave the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the elliptic SPDEs with two reflecting walls and general diffusion coefficients.

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GIORDANO, LUCA MARIA. "STOCHASTIC EQUATIONS WITH FRACTIONAL NOISE: CONTINUITY IN LAW AND APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/758653.

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The objective of the thesis is to study some properties and applications of stochastic equations driven by a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H. I n particular, we study the continuity with respect to H of the heat and wave multiplicative and additive stochastic partial differential equations driven by a noise which is white in the time variable and behaves like a fractional Brownian motion in the space variable. Morevoer, we study an analogous problem for a class of one-dimensional stochastic differential equations driven by a fractional noise, in the setting of rough paths theory. On the side of applications, we define and evaluate a stochastic model with the objective of forecasting the future electricity prices in the italian market. This model includes as the main stochastic component an equation driven by a fractional Brownian motion, plus a jump component which shows self-exciting properties, namely a Hawkes process.

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Maugard, Anaïs. "Appariement relationnel et raisonnement par analogie chez le babouin (Papio papio) : continuités et discontinuités avec les processus d'analogie chez l'humain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3026/document.

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Le raisonnement par analogie est un aspect fondamental de la cognition humaine souvent considéré comme propre à notre espèce. Des travaux récents utilisant des tâches d'appariement relationnel suggèrent que des chimpanzés, des babouins et des capucins sont également capables de comparer des relations exprimées par des paires d'objets. Cependant, des doutes persistent quant aux stratégies cognitives qu'ils emploient pour résoudre ces tâches, et notamment l'implication du raisonnement par analogie. Cette thèse a pour objectif (1) de déterminer ces stratégies chez le babouin, (2) d'appréhender les facteurs permettant leur émergence et (3) plus généralement de caractériser les continuités et discontinuités entre l'homme et les primates non humains dans leur capacité à raisonner par analogie. Nous avons conduit trois études chez le babouin de Guinée pour aborder ces questions. La première montre que le traitement relationnel chez le babouin implique, comme chez l'homme, à la fois une prise en compte des propriétés des objets et de leurs relations. La seconde étude montre que les babouins utilisent le raisonnement par analogie pour résoudre une tâche d'appariement relationnel puisqu'ils traitent trois niveaux d'informations ; à savoir (1) les objets, (2) les relations entre objets et (3) des relations entre ces relations. La troisième étude montre leur capacité à traiter des relations multidimensionnelles dans une version plus complexe de la tâche d'appariement relationnel. Dans une perspective évolutive, nous discutons des implications de ces travaux du point de vue des continuités et discontinuités entre l'homme et les primates non humains dans leurs capacités d'analogie
Analogical reasoning is a cornerstone aspect of human cognition, often considered to be human specific. Recent experiments using relational matching-to-sample (RMTS) tasks suggest that chimpanzees, baboons and capuchin monkeys can understand and compare the relations expressed between and within pairs of objects. However, the exact strategies used by these species to solve analogy problem remain unclear at this point. We conducted three studies exploring different aspects of analogical reasoning in the Guinea baboons (Papio papio). The first study showed that (1), as in human, relational processing in baboons involves the processing of both perceptive and relational information, and that (2) the relative contribution of these two types of processing depends on the number of items illustrating each relation during training. The second study showed that the cognitive strategy developed by baboons in a RMTS task involves analogical reasoning. The third study emphasized the ability of baboons to process multidimensional relations in a more complex version of the RMTS task. Altogether, these findings from suggest that (1) baboons are able to use analogical reasoning, to solve at least tasks involving perceptive relations; (2) relational processing and further analogical reasoning skills depend on their previous experience with the different relations. We shall discuss the potential implications of those findings, and the continuity and discontinuity of analogical reasoning skills found in human and nonhuman primates

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33

De, Grande Paula Baracat 1985. "Processos de construção da identidade profissional de professores em formação continuada." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269716.

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Orientador: Angela B. Kleiman
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T20:56:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DeGrande_PaulaBaracat_M.pdf: 981748 bytes, checksum: e306eff58e7b408a5871ea978859280e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Este trabalho investiga a construção de identidades profissionais de professores em uma experiência de formação continuada. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativointerpretativista, enfoca dados gerados em um curso de formação continuada inserido no programa Teia do Saber, oferecido pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo em parceria com o Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem - Unicamp, entre junho e novembro de 2006. A pesquisa parte da perspectiva sócio-cultural dos Estudos de Letramento (STREET, 1984; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2001) e da concepção dialógica e social de linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin (BAKHTIN, 1988, 2003; BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1995). Considerando as identidades como construídas e reconstruídas nas práticas discursivas e, portanto, múltiplas (HALL, 1998), a pesquisa assume que o processo de formação profissional é identitário e busca entender como vão se construindo as identificações de professores com práticas, conceitos, teorias na relação e no embate entre os co-enunciadores. Pelas discussões e análise apresentadas, percebemos quais vozes se fazem relevantes nesse processo. Conhecê-las é importante para repensarmos a atuação de formadores de professores e refletirmos sobre os discursos que circulam sobre os professores e as políticas públicas de formação docente. A análise mostra que os professores trazem para a interação vozes que circulam na esfera de formação e prática docente para se fortalecerem enquanto grupo profissional frente ao formador, à academia e à opinião pública. A análise das estruturas de participação (CAZDEN, 1988; SCHULTZ; FLORIO; ERICKSON, 1982; GARCEZ; RIBEIRO, 2002; GARCEZ, 2002) nas interações do curso observado, caracterizadas como institucionais, mostra como professores alfabetizadores são posicionados e se posicionam discursivamente como alunos e como essa situação institucional e assimétrica tem implicações na construção de identidades no curso. A partir de condicionantes da situação de interação de sala de aula, o trabalho mostra momentos em que as professoras constroem uma orientação argumentativa contrária a do formador e, como efeito, formam um coletivo entre os professores. É possível notar que, para se construírem identitariamente, professores ora dialogam com vozes de outros cursos de formação, que funcionam como argumentos de força maior na argumentação, ora retomam o formador e se alinham à perspectiva do curso observado
Abstract: This work investigates the construction of teachers' professional identities in a teachers' continuing education course. The course, offered the Institute of Studies of the Language, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP, Brazil) was part of a Program called "Teia do Saber", offered by the Secretary of Education in the state of São Paulo to primary and secondary school teachers. The research adopts the sociocultural approach of New Literacy Studies (STREET, 1984; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2001) and the dialogical and social Bakhtin Circle's conception of language (BAKHTIN, 1988, 2003; BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1995). The study considers that identities are multiple (HALL, 1998) and are constructed and reconstructed in discursive practices, and assumes that the process of professional formation is identitary. The aim of the research is to understand how the teachers' identification with practices, concepts, theories is constructed, during interaction. The findings reveal that the teachers bring to the interaction voices that circulate in academic and journalistic spheres in order to strengthen as a professional group in their interactions with their instructors and with each other. We show, through the analysis of the course interaction structures of participation (CAZDEN, 1988; SCHULTZ; FLORIO; ERICKSON, 1982; GARCEZ; RIBEIRO, 2002; GARCEZ, 2002) the ways in which teachers are positioned and position themselves discursively and the how the institutional and asymmetric situation is implicated in the construction of identities in the course, showing how a collective body is argumentatively formed In the identification process that is under way, teachers also dialogue with voices from other continuing education courses
Mestrado
Lingua Materna
Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

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Donnelly, Jilian K. "Understanding Educational Choice Processes of Retired Professional Hockey Players." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/260106.

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Educational Administration
Ed.D.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the processes and influences that underlie the choice of retired elite athletes to further their education and assume the adult learner role. In the current study, focus was applied specifically to professional ice hockey players who were in a period of retirement from active play. Elite athletes often retire at a time when most other professions are just beginning or reaching a level of stability. Research suggests that many retired elite athletes experience a difficult transition to an early retirement from athletics that is fraught with depression and unemployment. A select number of these elite athletes choose to further their educations after their careers have expired. The literature suggests that some of these retired elite athletes find educational programming a valuable coping strategy in the often traumatic post-athletic career adjustment. Unfortunately, this choice is made by only few athletes. It would be desirable to encourage more retired athletes to consider and engage in educational activities; however, currently, there is only very little knowledge on the processes underlying athletes' choice to participate, or not to participate, in education in their retirement years. Using a theoretical framework that includes adult learning theory and adult development theory, in conjunction with expectancy-value theory of motivation, the impact of individual characteristics and environmental opportunities on post-athletic career choices made by professional athletes may be better understood. The primary instrument for data collection was a personal interview with ten retired professional hockey players, conducted over a consecutive six-month period resulting in significant data. Utilizing the constant-comparative method for data analysis, common themes were identified as indicators of educational engagement: Informal Mentorship, Head Injury Related Retirement, and Pre-Transition Planning. In addition to these themes, the findings reflected an alternative adult developmental model possibly unique to professional hockey players. The findings of this study are valuable to the larger conversation regarding adult learners, adult development, and elite athlete career transition.
Temple University--Theses

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Brandão, Gisetti Corina Gomes. "O processo de trabalho das equipes de saúde da família de Campina Grande - PB." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-20012015-145044/.

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Introdução: O trabalho em saúde diferencia-se dos demais trabalhos pela complexidade de seu objeto (a pessoa e sua família, os grupos sociais ou as coletividades), pela especificidade de seu produto (ações de saúde) e pela participação dos sujeitos no processo de produção do cuidado. No Brasil, o sistema de saúde é orientado pela Atenção Primária à Saúde. Em 1994, o Ministério da Saúde propôs o Programa Saúde da Família, depois denominado Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), com a finalidade de fortalecer as ações e favorecer o acesso da população aos serviços de saúde. O objeto deste estudo foi a prática diária dos trabalhadores de saúde, tendo como categoria de análise o processo de trabalho em saúde. Objetivo: caracterizar e problematizar os processos de trabalho em saúde de equipes da ESF de Campina Grande- PB. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação, que teve início com a apresentação às equipes dos secundários oriundos do Programa de Avaliação da Melhoria da Qualidade da Assistência (PMAQ). Tais dados mostraram a ausência de registros sobre o acompanhamento sistemático das condições de vida e saúde dos grupos prioritários. A avaliação externa do PMAQ, por sua vez, evidenciou a realidade vivida pelos trabalhadores. Essa primeira aproximação forneceu os elementos necessários para problematizar a produção das equipes. Foram realizadas oficinas problematizadoras para identificar e problematizar os nós críticos do trabalho, na perspectiva da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS). Participaram da investigação 38 trabalhadores das duas unidades de saúde da família do município de Campina Grande, do estado da Paraíba. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com dois gestores. O material empírico resultante foi submetido à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram identificados nós críticos relativos ao processo de trabalho, ao trabalho em equipe, ao acolhimento e ao sistema de informação em saúde. Discussão: A EPS permitiu aos trabalhadores ampliar sua compreensão sobre o cotidiano do trabalho contexto em que atuam e as necessidades dos usuários. Ficou evidente que existe um trabalho preso a normas, cronogramas e protocolos, na lógica do trabalho morto, que obstaculiza o trabalho vivo. Considerações finais: os trabalhadores envolvidos puderam ressignificar suas práticas, de modo a conciliar a normatização instituída e o que precisa ser realizado. No cotidiano do trabalho, já foram iniciados novos modos de agir onde o processo de comunicação vem se abrindo a problematização e negociação, visando à produção do entendimento e o respeito às diferenças.
Introduction: Health work differs from other kinds of work by the complexity of its object (the person and her/his family, the social groups or collectives), the specificity its product (health actions) and those that participate in care production process. In Brazil, the health care system is driven by Primary Health. In 1994, the Health Ministry proposed the Family Health Program, afterwards called Family Health Strategy (FHS), in order to strengthen actions and to promote people\'s access to health services. The object of this study was the health workers daily practice, and the analytic category was the work process in health. Objective: To characterize and discuss the work processes in FHS health teams in Campina Grande-PB. Method: An action research was performed, which began with the presentation of data of Quality of Care Improvement Assessment Program (PMAQ in Portuguese). Such data showed the absence on systematic monitoring of life and health conditions of priority groups. The PMAQ external evaluation highlighted the reality experienced by the workers. This first approach provided the necessary elements to discuss the teams production. Workshops were held to identify and discuss the work critical nodes in the continuing healthcare education (EPS) perspective. 38 workers of two health family units participated in the investigation in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba. Interviews were also conducted with two health managers. The resulting empirical material was submitted to content analysis. Results: critical problems related to the labor process, teamwork, reception and health information system were identified. Discussion: EPS enables the workers to improve their understanding of the everyday work context in which they operate and the users needs. It was evident that the work process is tied to rules, schedules and protocols, in a dead labor logic, which hinders living labor. Final considerations: the workers involved could reframe their practices in order to reconcile what is established and what is to be done. In daily work, new acting ways were initiated and the communication process is now opened to questioning and negotiation in order to produce the understanding and the respect for differences.

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Magalhães, Juliana Barbosa [UNIFESP]. "A Humanização na Prática de Enfermeiros em uma Unidade Hospitalar de Clínica Médico Cirúrgica." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/8824.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-30. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:25:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-10908.pdf: 1020924 bytes, checksum: fe656f87f77f5e09f36f1bc149ccc68f (MD5)
O presente estudo teve por objetivo apreender, na ótica de enfermeiros atuantes em uma Unidade de Clínica Médico Cirúrgica de um hospital de grande porte da cidade de São Paulo, seus conceitos e suas formações a respeito da prática humanizada no cuidado ao paciente hospitalizado. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, consistiu de uma análise descritiva e transversal, utilizando como instrumentos de coletas de dados questionários e entrevistas com roteiro semi-estruturado. Os resultados foram estudados por intermédio da análise temática, considerando-se aproximações de significados. Os profissionais não expressaram clareza a respeito de seu conceito de “humanização”, preferindo citar exemplos de “prática humanizada”. Coerentemente, o contato, durante a formação dos profissionais com discussões a respeito da humanização dos cuidados, foi escasso e tardio. Contudo, observou-se que todos expressavam a importância de uma prática humanizada, citando como fatores limitantes à mesma aspectos institucionais, relativos à sobrecarga de trabalho, dentre outros. Um dos dados considerado mais importante deste estudo foi o desejo, pela maioria dos profissionais, no seu aprimoramento para uma assistência mais humanizada, por intermédio de programas de educação continuada. Os dados indicam a importância de intervenções educativas nas equipes, que, se por um lado mostram-se sensibilizadas para a temática da humanização, por outro apontam para a lacuna de processos formativos, de cunho essencialmente reflexivo.
This study aimed at characterize, from the point of view of nurses who work in an Unit of Surgical Medical Clinic of an important health care institution in the city of Sao Paulo, their concepts and formations about humanized practice in the care of in-hospital patients. The research was conducted in a qualitative design and used questionaries and semi-structured interviews as instruments for obtainig data. The results were analysed considering closeness of significations. The professionals were not able to express clearly their concepts about “humanization” and prefered to refer situations of “humanized practice”. In their previous formation, they had few or no contact whith discussions about humanization of patients care. Meanwhile, all of them recognized the importance of work in an humanized way. The main drawbacks were related to institutional factors, such as hard work in turns. One of the most important results of this research was the wish, refered by most of the professionals, to improve the quality of the humanized care of patients, by means of continued education programs. The data point to the importance of educational activities with nursing groups. The professional showed a great degree of sensibilization towards this theme, but complained of lack of discutions and reflections about it.
TEDE

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Boccara, Guillaume. "Des rèches aux mapuches : analyse d'un processus d'ethnogenèse, chagements et continuités chez les Amérindiens du centre-sud du Chili durant l'époque coloniale, XVI-XVIII siècles." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0019.

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L'objet de cette recherche a ete de tenter de determiner les causes de la proverbiale resistance mapuche a l'entreprise de conquete et de degager les changements survenus au sein de cette societe suite aux contacts pluriseculaires et polymorphes avec les hispano-creoles. La premiere etape a ete de reconstruire le cadre sociologique reche des premiers temps de la conquete. On a alors pu deceler l'existence d'un complexe guerrier-cannibale dans lequel l'autre jouait un role central a la fois dans la construction dynamique de l'identite socioculturelle et dans la production et reproduction des principaux rapports socio-politiques. La deuxieme etape a ete de determiner les methodes utilisees par les hispano-creoles pour assujettir les indiens afin de mesurer les effets de celles-ci sur les structures sociales et la culture autochtones. On a alors tente de montrer que les transformations survenues au sein des communautes indiennes etaient autant l'effet d'une pression exterieure tendant a l'unification des structures socio-politiques que le produit derive de cette pression. De sorte que la conquete avait produit des effets pervers et pousse les indiens du centre-sud dans une nouvelle dynamique d'accumulation de richesses, d'expansion territoriale et d'unification identitaire. . . .

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Aporta, Luciane Ribeiro. "Processos de (re) organização da política pública de formação de professores no estado de Mato Grosso /." Marília, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/147127.

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Orientador: Carlos da Fonseca Brandão
Banca: Alonso Bezerra de Carvalho
Banca: Silvana Fernandes Lopes
Banca: Ivanete Bellucci Pires de Almeida
Banca: Jaqueline Delgado Paschoal
Resumo: Esta pesquisa realizada junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, na linha de Políticas Educacionais, Gestão de Sistema e Organizações, Trabalho e Movimentos Sociais, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo os estudos e a análise da implantação da Política Pública de Formação Continuada dos Profissionais da Educação Básica do Estado de Mato Grosso, visando entender o percurso da criação dos Centros de Formação de professores como ação de implementação dessa política. Para a compreensão dessa realidade e tendo como objetivo geral para a pesquisa, a investigação da formação e atuação dos Cefapros junto aos professores da educação básica nesse Estado, buscamos analisá-los, como órgãos administrativos e educacionais, empreendedores das políticas de formação em seus processos de (re) organização quanto a formação dos professores. Com o apoio da legislação educacional do País e do Estado, imbuídos do objetivo geral e dos objetivos específicos que nos levaram a essa pesquisa e utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa nos inserimos no vasto e complexo mundo da educação para, através dos dados obtidos desvelar a constituição, a finalidade e prováveis contribuições para a educação advindas dos Cefapros e seus professores. O conjunto desses dados propiciaram um novo entendimento frente à realidade educacional e contribuições reflexivas advindas do contexto histórico e cultural nos levaram a entender o como e o porquê a educação assim se constitui e se organiza. Reconhece, portanto a pesquisa, ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This research carried out in the Education post-graduate program, lined up in the Educational Policies, System Management and Organizations, Job and Social Movements, has the objective to study and analyze the continued basic education professional training public policies implementation at the Mato Grosso State, in order to understand the teacher training centers course creation as a policy implementation action. In order to understand this reality and having as general research objective, the Cefapros formation / performance investigation around the basic education teachers in that State, we strive for analyze them, as administrative and educational organs, who are the entrepreneurs in the training policies / processes in the (Re) organization regarding teacher training. With the educational legislation of the Country and State support, imbued with the general objective and the specific objectives that led us to this research and using a qualitative approach, we are inserted in the vast and complex world of education, unveiling the constitution through the obtained data, the purpose and likely contributions to education which came from Cefapros and their teachers. All these data provided a new educational reality understanding with reflective contributions from the historical and cultural context, leading us to understand how and why education is this way constituted and organized. It recognizes, therefore, the Cefapros contribution, its strategies to teach and learn, the promotion of new relational processes between teachers as interactive beings and learners that are culturally constituted in the educational spaces through reciprocal actions highlighting these reflections as the guideline for a qualified and emancipatory formation. It recognizes the possibilities and fragilities to overpass, with new ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

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Jullien, Bernard. "De la diffusion à la dilution d'une technologie : le cas des matériaux composites : pour une approche continuiste des processus de changement techno-économique." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR1D026.

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Dans un cas comme celui des matériaux composites, on constate une assez grande distance entre les réalités industrielles observables et les travaux de prospectives réalisés a leur sujet. La recherche est ici celle d'un cadre conceptuel susceptible de réduire un tel écart. Elle se fonde sur l'hypothèse que de telles erreurs s'expliquent par le privilège indu que l'on accorde fréquemment à l'hypothèse de la rupture dans les travaux sur le changement technique. L'examen des modèles "technology push" et "demand pull" révèle leurs carences théoriques. C'est ainsi que, lorsque l'on tente de les appliquer au développement des matériaux composites, on est conduit a des erreurs d'appréciation et de prévision. Les propositions évolutionnistes constituent une alternative théorique. Toutefois, malgré les avancées qu'elles permettent de réaliser en construisant analytiquement les liens unissant les phénomènes d'apprentissage et le développement économique, elles souffrent, du point de vue "continuiste" que défend l'auteur, de deux défauts majeurs. D'une part, beaucoup de ces travaux prêchent par une prétention excessive a la généralité et se privent ainsi de la capacité à saisir en profondeur les phénomènes de changement technique qu'offre le cadre conceptuel propose. D'autre part, en définissant le potentiel associe à un paradigme ou à une innovation majeure, ces analyses risquent de conférer aux évolutions effectives un degré de prédétermination qu'elles n'ont pas. On peut par conséquent considérer que l'effort déployé par ce courant pour réintégrer le changement technique dans le processus concurrentiel n'est pas pleinement concluant. Des lors, l'élaboration d'une approche évolutionniste continuiste exige l'abandon de toute référence a un point de départ aussi bien qu'a un point d'arrivée. L'apport fondamental de March se situe dans cette perspective puisqu'il conduit à doter analytiquement l'apprentissage de deux dimensions fondamentales et inséparables : l'exploitation et l'exploration. En réexaminant sur ces bases le cas des matériaux composites tel qu'il a émerge des décisions des acteurs industriels, l'auteur rend intelligible le fait qu'il s'agisse d'une "technologie non victorieuse"
It is noted that in a case such as that of composite materials there is a gap between predictive studies and corresponding industrial reality. A conceptual framework which could reduce this gap is therefore sought in the belief that such errors are due to the unjustified privilege frequently accorded to the hypothesis of technological rupture. An examination of the "technology push" and "demand pull" models reveals theoretical inadequacies, evidenced by the misinterpretations and predicitive errors which result when one attempts to apply these models to the development of composite materials. Evolutionary propositions represent a theoretical alternative. However, despite their acknowledged contributions in relation to the importance of learning in economic development, two major flaws remain with these approaches when one compares them to the "continuist" poubt of view proposed by the author. Firstly, much of this work over-asserts the generalisability of its findings, which hinders an in-depth comprehension of the concrete phenomena of technical change. Secondly, in defining the potential associated with a paradigm or a major innovation, the analysis tends partially to predetermine the subsequent evolutions. One could therefore consider that these approaches fall short of success in their efforts to reintegrate technical changes into competitive patterns. Moreover, availing of a continuist evolutionary approach requires that all reference to a point of departure and a point of arrival must be avoided. The conceptions of march are essential with such an approach as they lead to an acknowledgment of two fundamental dimensions of learning : exploitation and exploration. In reexamining in these terms the fate of composite materials as determined by industrial actors, the author clarifies the fact that it is a question of a "non-victorious technology"

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Jullien, Bernard. "De la diffusion à la dilution d'une technologie : le cas des matériaux composites : pour une approche continuiste des processus de changement techno-économique." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR40026.

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Dans un cas comme celui des matériaux composites, on constate une assez grande distance entre les réalités industrielles observables et les travaux de prospectives réalisés a leur sujet. La recherche est ici celle d'un cadre conceptuel susceptible de réduire un tel écart. Elle se fonde sur l'hypothèse que de telles erreurs s'expliquent par le privilège indu que l'on accorde fréquemment à l'hypothèse de la rupture dans les travaux sur le changement technique. L'examen des modèles "technology push" et "demand pull" révèle leurs carences théoriques. C'est ainsi que, lorsque l'on tente de les appliquer au développement des matériaux composites, on est conduit a des erreurs d'appréciation et de prévision. Les propositions évolutionnistes constituent une alternative théorique. Toutefois, malgré les avancées qu'elles permettent de réaliser en construisant analytiquement les liens unissant les phénomènes d'apprentissage et le développement économique, elles souffrent, du point de vue "continuiste" que défend l'auteur, de deux défauts majeurs. D'une part, beaucoup de ces travaux prêchent par une prétention excessive a la généralité et se privent ainsi de la capacité à saisir en profondeur les phénomènes de changement technique qu'offre le cadre conceptuel propose. D'autre part, en définissant le potentiel associe à un paradigme ou à une innovation majeure, ces analyses risquent de conférer aux évolutions effectives un degré de prédétermination qu'elles n'ont pas. On peut par conséquent considérer que l'effort déployé par ce courant pour réintégrer le changement technique dans le processus concurrentiel n'est pas pleinement concluant. Des lors, l'élaboration d'une approche évolutionniste continuiste exige l'abandon de toute référence a un point de départ aussi bien qu'a un point d'arrivée. L'apport fondamental de March se situe dans cette perspective puisqu'il conduit à doter analytiquement l'apprentissage de deux dimensions fondamentales et inséparables : l'exploitation et l'exploration. En réexaminant sur ces bases le cas des matériaux composites tel qu'il a émerge des décisions des acteurs industriels, l'auteur rend intelligible le fait qu'il s'agisse d'une "technologie non victorieuse"
It is noted that in a case such as that of composite materials there is a gap between predictive studies and corresponding industrial reality. A conceptual framework which could reduce this gap is therefore sought in the belief that such errors are due to the unjustified privilege frequently accorded to the hypothesis of technological rupture. An examination of the "technology push" and "demand pull" models reveals theoretical inadequacies, evidenced by the misinterpretations and predicitive errors which result when one attempts to apply these models to the development of composite materials. Evolutionary propositions represent a theoretical alternative. However, despite their acknowledged contributions in relation to the importance of learning in economic development, two major flaws remain with these approaches when one compares them to the "continuist" poubt of view proposed by the author. Firstly, much of this work over-asserts the generalisability of its findings, which hinders an in-depth comprehension of the concrete phenomena of technical change. Secondly, in defining the potential associated with a paradigm or a major innovation, the analysis tends partially to predetermine the subsequent evolutions. One could therefore consider that these approaches fall short of success in their efforts to reintegrate technical changes into competitive patterns. Moreover, availing of a continuist evolutionary approach requires that all reference to a point of departure and a point of arrival must be avoided. The conceptions of march are essential with such an approach as they lead to an acknowledgment of two fundamental dimensions of learning : exploitation and exploration. In reexamining in these terms the fate of composite materials as determined by industrial actors, the author clarifies the fact that it is a question of a "non-victorious technology"

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Machado, Luana. "O apoio institucional nos processos de trabalho : ferramenta para o fortalecimento da atenção primária à saúde." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104665.

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A atenção primária em saúde se constitui como o primeiro e o preferencial contato do usuário com o Sistema Único de Saúde, estando orientada nos princípios da universalidade, da acessibilidade, do vínculo, da continuidade do cuidado, da integralidade da atenção, da humanização, da equidade e da participação social. Na busca por sua qualificação e consolidação, a atenção primária tem no apoio institucional um dispositivo para o fortalecimento deste espaço, visando modificar as formas de fazer gestão e planejamento em saúde. O apoio surge diante da necessidade de se rever os processos de produção de cuidado, valorizando a singularidade dos sujeitos e as formas mais democráticas de se fazer gestão. Assim, o presente estudo, explora o papel do apoiador institucional junto às equipes de atenção primária em saúde de Porto Alegre, com vistas as suas ações diante do processo de trabalho em saúde, traçando o seus perfis e propondo estratégias de qualificação para o desempenho da função apoio através da educação permanente. A pesquisa foi desenhada a partir de um estudo qualitativo, em forma de pesquisa de campo, de caráter exploratório – descritivo, onde foram ouvidos os apoiadores institucionais do município de Porto Alegre, tendo como base teórica a metodologia do apoio Paidéia ou metodologia da Roda, idealizada por Campos. Mediante as falas dos sujeitos, pode-se caracterizar a forma como o apoio vem ocorrendo no município, suas potencialidades e fragilidades bem como, identificar as ferramentas necessárias para o desenvolvimento de tal função diante da proposta de fomentar a cogestão, promover a produção de coletivos e a autonomia dos sujeitos.
The primary health care constitutes as the first and preferred user contact with the National Health System, being guided by the principles of universality, accessibility, link, continuity of care, comprehensive care, humanization, the fairness and social participation. In the search for their qualification and consolidation, the primary institutional support has a device to strengthen this area, to change the ways of doing management and health planning. The support comes on the need to revise the production processes of care, valuing the uniqueness of individuals and the most democratic ways of doing management. Thus, the present study explores the role of institutional supporter together teams of primary health care in Porto Alegre, with a view their actions before the process of health work, tracing their profiles and proposing strategies qualification for the performance of function support through continuing education. The survey was drawn from a qualitative study in the form of field research, exploratory - descriptive, where institutional supporters of Porto Alegre were heard and the theoretical basis of the methodology or methodology support Paidéia Wheel, devised by Campos. By the subjects' statements, can characterize how the support has been occurring in the city, their strengths and weaknesses and identify the tools needed for the development of such a function on the proposal to promote co-management, promote the production of collective and the autonomy of individuals.

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Dent, Christopher Michael. "Reflecting on continuity and discontinuity in "the law" : an application of Foucault's archaeological method in a reading of judicial decisions in negligence /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2002. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040303.161038.

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Bernal, Clotilde Maria Simões da Silva. "Percurso reflexivo em um programa de formação continuada de professores: com a palavra o professor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/81/81133/tde-10072018-151322/.

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Nesta dissertação estudamos os relatos pedagógicos produzidos por sete professoras participantes de um Programa de Formação continuada no município de São Caetano do Sul durante os anos de 2011 e 2012. Para análise e posterior obtenção de categorias dos registros escritos que compunham o relatório final das professoras utilizamos a Análise Textual Discursiva que permitiu vislumbrar elementos convergentes entre os sete relatos e, outros elementos que permitiram um diálogo profícuo com o referencial teórico escolhido para fundamentar este trabalho. Como objetivos da investigação buscamos identificar o percurso reflexivo vivido pelas docentes autoras e alguns elementos daquele Programa de Formação relevantes para o processo reflexivo dos sujeitos da pesquisa. A partir da elaboração das categorias de análise identificamos três grandes domínios, a saber: Domínio I - Reflexão antes da ação; Domínio II - Reflexão na ação e Domínio III - Reflexão sobre a ação. Em cada um dos domínios foi possível perceber da parte das professoras a reflexão ocorrida sobre diferentes aspectos das suas vivências como educadoras. Os relatos mostram que as docentes repensaram e reelaboraram algumas questões sobre os seus educandos, a sua realidade comunitária e as suas escolas. A reflexão revelou o compromisso didático/pedagógico das autoras com a tarefa educativa e a autonomia das mesmas ao fazer parte do seu percurso formativo um dispositivo que foi elaborado conjuntamente por especialistas e por elas mesmas atuando como coautoras da proposta. Desta forma, a formação centrada no professor e na escola dá ao saber da experiência um estatuto importante e possibilita ao professor que mude de maneira articulada e colaborativamente os contextos em que trabalha e que esta mudança seja uma decisão assumida a partir da sua própria reflexão. Na medida em que Programas ou cursos de formação continuada promovam a reflexão inserida na realidade dos professores, as escolas como comunidades poderão se transformar em centros de desenvolvimento profissional e humano para estes.
In this text we studied the pedagogical reports produced by seven teachers who participated in a Continuing Education Program in the municipality of São Caetano do Sul during the years 2011 and 2012. For analysis and for to obtain categories of the written records that made up the final report of the teachers we used the Discursive Textual Analysis that allowed to glimpse converging elements between the seven reports and other elements that allowed a fruitful dialogue with the theoretical framework chosen to base this work. As research objectives we seek to identify the reflective course lived by the authors and some elements of that Training Program relevant to the reflective process of the research subjects. From the elaboration of the categories of analysis we identified three major domains, namely: Domain I - Reflection before action; Domain II - Reflection in action and Domain III - Reflection on action. In each of the domains it was possible to perceive the reflection that took place on different aspects of the teacher experiences as educators. The reports show that the teachers rethought and reworked some questions about their students, their community reality and their schools. The reflection revealed the didactic / pedagogical commitment of the authors with the educational task and the autonomy of the same ones as part of their formative course a device that was elaborated jointly by specialists and by themselves acting as coauthors of the proposal. In this way, teacher and school-centered training gives the knowledge of experience an important status and enables the teacher to change in an articulated and collaborative way the contexts in which he works and that this change is a decision taken from his own reflection. To the extent that programs or continuing education courses promote reflection within the reality of teachers, schools as communities can become centers of professional and human development for them.

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Montanha, Dionize. "Análise das atividades educativas de trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital de ensino: público participante, levantamento de necessidades e resultados esperados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7131/tde-13062008-100234/.

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A pesquisa tem o objetivo de analisar as atividades educativas de trabalhadores de enfermagem quanto ao público participante, levantamento de necessidades e resultados esperados. Foi desenvolvida com base no referencial teórico do processo de trabalho em saúde e enfermagem, trabalho em equipe, integralidade da saúde, educação continuada (EC) e educação permanente em saúde (EPS), com destaque para a distinção entre EC e EPS. O estudo foi realizado em um hospital de ensino localizado em uma região do município de São Paulo. Utilizando abordagem qualitativa, a coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevista semi-estruturada e os sujeitos foram os enfermeiros gerentes de unidades, enfermeiros assistenciais, auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem totalizando vinte e cinco participantes. No processo de análise, os dados empíricos foram analisados por meio de técnica de análise temática de Bardin e Minayo. Os resultados mostram que o público participante das ações educativas é majoritariamente composto por enfermeiros que participam de atividades externas como congressos e similares, e esse investimento no nível superior traduz a política institucional. Em contrapartida, para os trabalhadores de nível médio, as ações educativas são orientadas, sobretudo para a revisão de técnicas e utilização de novos equipamentos. O levantamento de necessidades de ações educativas de trabalhadores é realizado principalmente com base em erros e falhas, bem como na aquisição de novos equipamentos, o que traduz uma ação educativa focada nos procedimentos técnicos e distanciada da reflexão sobre a prática. Contudo, os resultados esperados apontam para a melhora da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem em diferentes sentidos. Em curto prazo, esta essa melhora está relacionada ao desempenho de procedimentos técnicos, apesar de também estar relacionada a à mudança de comportamento, desde que ocorra a sensibilização do trabalhador em relação ao cuidado, tal como ocorre com a introdução de novos projetos. Em médio e longo prazo espera-se que o trabalhador desenvolva consciência sobre o trabalho e abordagem reflexiva da prática, ou seja, que o trabalhador possa questionar-se sobre a prática do dia-a-dia e mudar o comportamento. Conclui-se que predomina uma prática educativa pautada na concepção de EC, porém mesclada a aspectos da EPS, pois os trabalhadores apontam a necessidade de ações educativas diferenciadas, com novos formatos, conteúdos e sentidos, de modo a promover a qualidade da assistência à saúde e de enfermagem
This study has the objective to analyze the educative activities of nurses and nursing assistants as the participating public, to survey the necessities and expected results. It was utilized a qualitative approach, with basis in a theoretic referential of the health work process, nursing, team work, health integrality, continuing education (EC), permanent education in health (EPS), and the relevant differences between EC and EPS. The study was conducted in a teaching hospital in São Paulo County. Using a qualitative approach, the data collection was done through a semi-structured interview and the subjects were nurse unity managers, assistant nurses, nursing technicians with a total of twenty five participants. In the analytical process, empirical data were analyzed through a thematic analysis technique of Bardin and Minayo. The results show that the participating public on the educative actions are mostly registered nurses whom participate on external activities as congresses and other outside activities, and this investment in a higher education level translates into the institutional politics. In a counteracting way, for workers on mid-level, the educative actions are oriented above all for technical revisions and the utilization of new equipment. The survey to identify the education necessities of these workers is done mostly on basis of errors and mistakes, as well as in the acquisition of new equipments, that is translated into an educational activity focused in the technical and further apart from the practical reflection. Therefore, the expected results points into the better quality of nursing support various ways. In short term, this betterment is related with the technical procedures, even though it is related with the behavior change that sensibleness the worker in relation to the care, as well as it occurs with the introduction of new projects. In middle and long term it is expected that the worker develop a consciousness about the work and their practical reflection that means, that the worker may question about the day to day practice and change the behavior. It is concluded that the practical education is related in the conception of EC, however mixed with aspects of EPS, because the workers point to the need of differentiated education, with new format, content and meanings, to promote the quality of health care and of nursing

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Nunes, Nora Helena Soares. "Todos podem aprender : construindo caminhos conectados com a formação do educador que possibilitem o fazer pedagógico inclusivo." Faculdades EST, 2011. http://tede.est.edu.br/tede/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=278.

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A inclusão escolar é um processo complexo inserido na organização da educação nacional, que necessita de ações transformadoras para que o direito de todos à educação seja um movimento coletivo, no qual o acesso ao prazer do saber seja universal. A resistência da escola tradicional ao processo inclusivo reflete a sua incapacidade de atuar diante da complexidade das relações humanas no sistema educacional. O processo escolar inclusivo leva em consideração a capacidade de aprendizagem de todas as crianças, por isso a importância da sensibilidade do professor em identificar as características individuais dos alunos e, assim, potencializar suas habilidades. Entretanto, faz-se necessário, também, o conhecimento e prática da pertinente legislação, a participação do Estado através das políticas públicas e a formação continuada dos educadores.
The school inclusion is a complex process inserted in the organization of national education, what for requires transforming actions, so that the right of everyone to education be a collective movement, where access to the pleasure of learning is universal. The resistance of the traditional school to an inclusive process reflects its inability to act before the complexity of human relationships in the educational system. The inclusive school process takes into consideration the learning ability of all children, so the importance of the sensibility of the teacher to identify the characteristics of individual students and thus enhance their skills. However, it is also necessary the practical knowledge of relevant legislation, the state's participation through public policies and ongoing training of educators.

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Sousa, Kelly Inacia de. "Formação continuada em matemática: diversidade nos processos formativos para professores dos anos iniciais." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11048.

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This research aims to rescue the formative procedures occurred throughout 2012 in the project "Challenges for inclusive education: thinking the teacher's training about the knowledge of mathematics procedures in the initial grades of basic education" from the Education Observatory CAPES/INEP, public notice 2010, under general coordination of Professor Dr. Ana Lucia Manrique from the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo. In this research, we look at three participating teachers, all of them working at public schools in São Paulo. From memories of the formative meetings, we intended to understand what perceptions the teachers have built about the developed training and what the effective contributions to their practice in the classroom are. For data collection, a questionnaire was used to obtain information and outline a profile of the participants, as well as an open press conference attended by the three teachers, the researcher and two interviewers, a doctoral student and a master s student responsible for the training developed in the Project. To theoretically support our research, the work of Francisco Imbernon was used. Imbernon is an author who dialogues from a perspective of continuing education based on collaboration, meaning that we adopted in our project. We emphasize two categories: the perception of the formative processes and the contributions of formative processes for the performance of teachers. We separate our analysis into two parts, the analyzes these categories in relation to the filming carried out by the teachers on the use of manipulative materials for teaching math concepts, and another part analyzes these same categories for seminars held by the teachers to the group the formation. Two perceptions were identified: one refers to the sense of collaboration present in the formation experienced in this group, and the other refers to individual and collective change, causing new posture to teach and learn about the new understandings, and aspects surpass the pedagogical. Regarding contributions, the data show improvement of mathematical knowledge, appropriate use of mathematical terms and use of appropriate teaching materials for teaching mathematical
A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo resgatar os processos formativos ocorridos ao longo do ano de 2012 no Projeto Desafios para a educação inclusiva: pensando a formação de professores sobre os processos de domínio da matemática nas séries iniciais da educação básica do Observatório da Educação da CAPES/INEP, edital 2010, sob coordenação geral da Prof.ª Dr.ª Ana Lúcia Manrique da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo. Nesta pesquisa, olhamos para três professoras participantes do Projeto, sendo todas docentes da rede pública de ensino de São Paulo. A partir das memórias dos encontros formativos, tivemos a intenção de compreender quais as percepções que as professoras construíram a respeito da formação desenvolvida e quais as contribuições efetivas para a sua prática em sala de aula. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário para obter informações e delinear um perfil das participantes da pesquisa, além de uma entrevista coletiva aberta com as três professoras. Para subsidiar teoricamente nossa pesquisa, foram utilizadas as obras de Francisco Imbernón, autor que dialoga sob uma perspectiva de formação continuada com base fundamentada na colaboração, sentido esse adotado em nosso Projeto. Destacamos duas categorias de análise: a percepção sobre os processos formativos e as contribuições dos processos formativos para a atuação das professoras. Separamos nossas análises em duas partes, uma analisa essas categorias em relação às filmagens realizadas pelas professoras sobre o uso de materiais manipulativos para o ensino de conteúdos matemáticos, e outra parte analisa essas mesmas categorias em relação aos seminários realizados pelas professoras para o grupo de formação. Duas percepções foram identificadas: uma refere-se ao sentido de colaboração presente na formação vivenciada nesse grupo, e outra refere-se à mudança individual e coletiva, que provocam novas posturas frente ao ensinar e novas compreensões sobre o aprender, além de aspectos que ultrapassam o pedagógico. Em relação às contribuições, os dados apontam aprimoramento dos conhecimentos matemáticos, uso adequado de termos matemáticos e utilização apropriada de materiais pedagógicos para o ensino de conteúdos matemáticos

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Schachermayer, Walter, and Werner Schachinger. "Is there a predictable criterion for mutual singularity of two probability measures on a filtered space?" SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1600/1/document.pdf.

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The theme of providing predictable criteria for absolute continuity and for mutual singularity of two density processes on a filtered probability space is extensively studied, e.g., in the monograph by J. Jacod and A. N. Shiryaev [JS]. While the issue of absolute continuity is settled there in full generality, for the issue of mutual singularity one technical difficulty remained open ([JS], p210): "We do not know whether it is possible to derive a predictable criterion (necessary and sufficient condition) for "P'T..." (expression not representable in this abstract). It turns out that to this question raised in [JS] which we also chose as the title of this note, there are two answers: on the negative side we give an easy example, showing that in general the answer is no, even when we use a rather wide interpretation of the concept of "predictable criterion". The difficulty comes from the fact that the density process of a probability measure P with respect to another measure P' may suddenly jump to zero. On the positive side we can characterize the set, where P' becomes singular with respect to P - provided this does not happen in a sudden but rather in a continuous way - as the set where the Hellinger process diverges, which certainly is a "predictable criterion". This theorem extends results in the book of J. Jacod and A. N. Shiryaev [JS]. (author's abstract)
Series: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"

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Oh, Soo Hee. "Top-Down Processes in Simulated Combined Electric-Acoustic Hearing: The Effect of Context and the Role of Low-Frequency Cues in the Perception of Temporally Interrupted Speech." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5379.

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In recent years, the number of unilateral cochlear implant (CI) users with functional residual-hearing has increased and bimodal hearing has become more prevalent. According to the multi-source speech perception model, both bottom-up and top-down processes are important components of speech perception in bimodal hearing. Additionally, these two components are thought to interact with each other to different degrees depending on the nature of the speech materials and the quality of the bottom-up cues. Previous studies have documented the benefits of bimodal hearing as compared with a CI alone, but most of them have focused on the importance of bottom-up, low-frequency cues. Because only a few studies have investigated top-down processing in bimodal hearing, relatively little is known about the top-down mechanisms that contribute to bimodal benefit, or the interactions that may occur between bottom-up and top-down processes during bimodal speech perception. The research described in this dissertation investigated top-down processes of bimodal hearing, and potential interactions between top-down and bottom-up processes, in the perception of temporally interrupted speech. Temporally interrupted sentences were used to assess listeners' ability to fill in missing segments of speech by using top-down processing. Young normal hearing listeners were tested in simulated bimodal listening conditions in which noise band vocoded sentences were presented to one ear with or without low-pass (LP) filtered speech or LP harmonic complexes (LPHCs) presented to the contralateral ear. Sentences were square-wave gated at a rate of 5 Hz with a 50 percent duty cycle. Two factors that were expected to influence bimodal benefit were examined: the amount of linguistic context available in the speech stimuli, and the continuity of low-frequency cues. Experiment 1 evaluated the effect of sentence context on bimodal benefit for temporally interrupted sentences from the City University of New York (CUNY) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics and Engineers (IEEE) sentence corpuses. It was hypothesized that acoustic low-frequency information would facilitate linguistic top-down processing such that the higher context CUNY sentences would produce more bimodal benefit than the lower context IEEE sentences. Three vocoder channel conditions were tested for each type of sentence (8-, 12-, and 16-channels for CUNY; 12-, 16-, and 32-channels for IEEE), in combination with either LP speech or LPHCs. Bimodal benefit was compared for similar amounts of spectral degradation (matched-channels) and similar ranges of baseline performance. Two gain measures, percentage point gain and normalized gain, were examined. Experiment 1 revealed clear effects of context on bimodal benefit for temporally interrupted speech, when LP speech was presented to the residual-hearing ear, thereby providing additional support for the notion that low-frequency cues can enhance listeners' use of top-down processing. However, the bimodal benefits observed for temporally interrupted speech were considerably smaller than those observed in an earlier study that used continuous speech. In addition, unlike previous findings for continuous speech, no bimodal benefits were observed when LPHCs were presented to the LP ear. Experiments 2 and 3 further investigated the effects of low-frequency cues on bimodal benefit by systematically restoring continuity to temporally interrupted signals in the vocoder and/or LP ears. Stimuli were 12-channel CUNY sentences presented to the vocoder ear, and LPHCs presented to the LP ear. Signal continuity was restored to the vocoder ear by filling silent gaps in sentences with envelope-modulated, speech-shaped noise. Continuity was restored to signals in the LP ear by filling gaps with envelope-modulated LP noise or by using continuous LPHCs. It was hypothesized that the restoration of continuity in one or both ears would improve bimodal benefit relative to the condition in which both ears received temporally interrupted stimuli. The results from Experiments 2 and 3 showed that restoring continuity to the simulated residual-hearing or CI ear improved bimodal benefits, but that the greatest improvement was observed when continuity was restored to both ears. These findings support the conclusion that temporal interruption disrupts top-down enhancement effects in bimodal hearing. Lexical segmentation and perceptual continuity were identified as factors that could potentially explain the increased bimodal benefit for continuous, as compared to temporally interrupted, speech. Taken together, the findings from Experiments 1-3 provide additional evidence that low-frequency sensory information can provide bimodal benefit for speech that is spectrally and/or temporally degraded by improving listeners' ability to make use of top-down processing. Findings further suggest that temporal degradation reduces top-down enhancement effects in bimodal hearing, thereby reducing bimodal benefit for temporally interrupted speech as compared to continuous speech.

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Graciano, Marlene Ribeiro da Silva. "Leitura nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento: ressignificando papéis na formação continuada de professores no Ensino Médio." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13747.

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This research aimed to discuss the meanings attributed by a group of teachers from different areas, to reading in their classrooms, and the changes inserted from discussions in a training project, developed in a Federal Institute High School. Specifically, it was intended to create critical-collaborative contexts in the training of teachers to rethink reading as a tool in the teaching and learning of different subjects and to develop teaching practices in working with reading and writing. This study is supported by the theoretical and methodological discussions of Vygotsky (1930, 1934), Leontiev (1977), Engeström (2001, 2008, 2009, 2011) on the Social-Historical-Cultural Activity Theory (TASHC), its components, principles and related concepts such as mediation, ZPD and agency; and the contributions of Magalhães (2009, 2010, 2011, 2014) and Liberali (2009, 2011, 2013), on the methodology and language studies. This theoretical framework grounded the activities for providing the understanding and transformation of practices with reading, based on the core issues of the school community where the school is located. The chosen methodology was the Critical Research Collaboration (PCCol), as discussed by Magalhães (2010, 2011, 2012, 2014), in which the creations of collaborative-critical relationships between participants are central and the argument organizes knowledge production as a tool-and-result of the investigation. Thus, this study is inserted in the field of Applied Linguistics, as it understands the language as central to the creation of critical reflection contexts that make transformations to be possible. The procedures used for data collection and production were: initial semi-structured interviews, video recordings of teachers classes at the beginning and ending of the training process; collective reflection sessions; and testimonials from reflective perceptions. The produced data were analyzed in their enunciation, discursive and linguistic aspects by analyzing the following categories: thematic content; argumentative articulators; types of questions; various linguistic mechanisms, based on studies from Brookfield & Preskill (2005), Liberali (2013), Ninin (2013). The results reveal that the relations that were established between participants allowed teachers resignification about reading practices and student/teacher roles, and the transformation of their ways of teaching. The reflective practice and the critical perspective developed by the researcher during the analysis of the data enabled her to reorganizing her discourse and redefining her role as a trainer
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral discutir os sentidos e significados atribuídos, por um grupo de professores de diferentes áreas, à leitura em suas salas de aula; e as transformações inseridas a partir de discussões em um projeto de formação contínua, desenvolvido em um Instituto Federal de Ensino Médio. Especificamente, pretendeu criar contextos críticocolaborativos na formação contínua de professores para que repensassem a leitura como instrumento no processo de ensino-aprendizagem das diferentes disciplinas e desenvolvessem práticas didáticas no trabalho com leitura e escrita. O estudo está apoiado nas discussões teórico-metodológicas de Vygotsky (1930, 1934), Leontiev (1977), Engeström (2001, 2008, 2009, 2011) sobre a Teoria da Atividade Sócio-Histórico-Cultural (TASHC), seus componentes, princípios e conceitos correlacionados, como mediação, ZPD e agência; e nas contribuições de Magalhães (2009, 2010, 2011, 2014) e Liberali (2009, 2011, 2013), quanto à metodologia e aos estudos da linguagem. Este referencial teórico fundamentou as atividades desenvolvidas por propiciar a compreensão e transformação das práticas com leitura, com base nas questões centrais da comunidade escolar em que a escola está inserida. A metodologia escolhida foi a Pesquisa Crítica de Colaboração (PCCol), conforme discutida por Magalhães (2010, 2011, 2012, 2014), pela qual a criação de relações colaborativo-críticas entre os participantes são centrais e a argumentação organiza a produção de conhecimento, como instrumento-e-resultado da investigação. Deste modo, este estudo está inserido no campo da Linguística Aplicada, pois entende a linguagem como central para a criação de contextos de reflexão crítica que possibilitem transformações. Os procedimentos utilizados para a coleta e produção de dados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas iniciais, videogravações de aulas dos professores, no início e no final da formação, sessões reflexivas coletivas e depoimentos de percepções reflexivas. Os dados produzidos foram analisados em seus aspectos enunciativos, discursivos e linguísticos por meio da análise das seguintes categorias: conteúdo temático; articuladores argumentativos; tipos de perguntas; mecanismos linguísticos diversos, com base nos estudos de Brookfield e Preskill (2005), Liberali (2013), Ninin (2013). Os resultados revelam que as relações constituídas entre os participantes possibilitaram ressignificação dos professores quanto às práticas de leitura e aos papéis de aluno e de professor, e a transformação nos seus modos de agir. A prática reflexiva e o olhar crítico desenvolvido pela pesquisadora na análise dos dados propiciaram a sua reorganização discursiva e a ressignificação do seu papel como formadora

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50

Chen, Nishan. "Mutation and continuity in judicial practices of the Chinese inheritance system,1902-1931." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN030.

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Ce mémoire décrit la mutation et la continuité dans les pratiques judiciaires dans l’institution de l’héritage en Chine au début du vingtième siècle. Il dépeint comment les formes (rituelle et matérielle) d'héritage chinoises ont été graduellement reconceptualisées. Les concepts de propriété individuelle occidentale influencèrent l’évolution des formes substantielles etprocédurales pendant les réformes juridiques et judiciaires. Ce travail se concentre principalement sur trois sujets: premièrement, sur les réactions locales envers l'héritage occidental présentées dans des rapports d'enquête surles pratiques civiles, deuxièmement, sur le compromis effectué par le Dali Yuan concernant les lois et les normes anciennes et nouvelles, et troisièmement sur les procédures judiciaires locales de succession concernantveuves et filles. La succession portant à la fois sur le culte des ancêtres et le patrimoine était deux aspects du même problème profondément enracinés dans les pratiques populaires et dans la loi Qing, même après la transformation de 1910 du code Qing en une version intermédiaire partiellement occidentalisée, intitulé « Code Criminel actuellement en vigueur » (xianxing xinglü現行刑律). Les réformateurs Qing qui furent pour la transplantation d’un système occidental imposèrent un cadre de droit civil au questionnaire unifié sur les «coutumes civiles» envoyé à chaque province en 1910. Ce questionnaire qui délaissait la forme rituelle de l'héritage fut révisé alors par les notables chinois et les responsables locaux. Tout au long de l'ère républicaine, les lois sur l'héritage du Code Criminel actuellement en vigueur ont continué à être appliquées. Le Dali Yuan 大理院, assumant la fonction de Cour Suprême, a établi une série d'interprétations sur l'héritage dans le cadre de ce code. Il défendait les droits des femmes en leur donnant le droit de désigner ou d'abroger un héritier institué, de gérer le patrimoine au nom de leurs jeunes enfants au décès de leurs maris, et de conférer à une fille un transfert discrétionnaire, même si cette part d’héritage était moindre que celle d'un héritier mâle. La Cour suprême a également tenu compte des principes procéduraux occidentaux. Par exemple, une plainte contre un héritier illégal venant d'une personne qui n’était pas qualifiée pour déposer au procès ne serait pas acceptée, ou une question qui n'avait pas été préalablement mentionnée ne serait pas jugée. Malgré cela, dirigé par des juristes traditionnels et modernes, le Dali Yuan a fréquemment rendu des décisions judiciaires civiles sur la base des lois Qing et a accepté de restreindre les droits des femmes favorisant les membres aînés de la famille, les fils adultes, et les parents agnats. Influencé par les juges du Dali Yuan et sous sa supervision, les tribunaux modernes et les bureaux de magistrats des comtés (plus traditionnels), c’est à dire les deux principaux types d'organismes judiciaires des provinces du Jiangsu et du Zhejiang, ont adopté des styles de jugement différents pour les affaires de succession de 1912 à 1931. Les tribunaux modernes ont suivi souvent avec beaucoup d'attention les interprétations judiciaires du Dali Yuan de manière substantielle et procédurale, tandis que les magistrats de comté ont souvent eu du mal à suivre les normes procédurales énoncées par le Yuan et inscrites dans la loi de procédure, même s’ils se référaient parfois aux décisions du Dali Yuan. [...]
This thesis discusses the mutation and continuity in judicial practices of the Chinese inheritance system in the early twentieth century. It depicts howChinese ritual and material forms of inheritance were graduallyr econceptualized, influenced by a Western individual property system from both substantial and procedural perspectives during legal and judicial reforms.It focuses mainly on three topics: local attitudes towards a Western inheritancesystem presented in survey reports of civil practices, the Dali Yuan’s compromise of new and old laws and norms, and local judicial practices ofadjudicating succession cases involving widows and daughters.Succession to the ancestral cult and the patrimony were two aspects of the same issue deeply entrenched in both people’s practices and the Qing law,even after the Qing code had been turned into a partly westernizedintermediary version called the Criminal Code Currently in Force (Xianxingxinglü 現行刑律). To transplant a Western civil justice system, in 1910 a Western civil law framework was imposed on a unified questionnaire on “civilcustoms” which the Qing reformers sent to every province. This questionnaire neglected the ritual forms of inheritance and was revised by the Chinesenotables and local officials. All along the Republican era, laws on inheritance of the Criminal Code currently in force continued to be effective. The Dali Yuan 大理院, assuming the Supreme Court function, established a set of judicial interpretations on inheritance within the framework of this code. It upheld women’s rights by endowing them with rights to designate or repeal an instituted heir, to manage the patrimony on behalf of their young children in default of their husbands, and to transfer to a daughter a share of the patrimony, even though lesser than the share of a male heir. The Supreme Court also took Western procedural principles into account: a complaint over an illegal heir from an unrelated person would not be accepted, and an issue that had not been claimed for would not be adjudicated. Even so, led by both traditional and modern jurists, the Dali Yuan frequently delivered civil regulatory judicial decisions on the grounds of Qing laws and admitted the restraint on women’s rights from senior and elder members, adult sons, and agnate kin. Influenced by judges from the Dali Yuan and under its supervision, modern courts and county magistrate offices (more traditional), that is to say, the two main types of judicial agencies in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, employed different style of adjudication when adjudicating succession cases from 1912 to 1931. Modern courts often carefully followed the Dali Yuan’s judicial interpretations substantially and procedurally, whereas, county magistrate offices often found it difficult to follow the Dali Yuan’s proceduralrules, even though they sometimes referred to the Dali Yuan’s rules. As a result, under a neutral style of adjudication in modern jurisdictions, illegal heir designation would not be rectified by court if it was not necessary; limited amounts to a daughter or her son and husband were strictly obeyed. By contrast, county jurisdictions performed an active style of adjudication: they positively corrected illegal choices and considered elements beyond the law, such as duty to support the aged and the parents’ affection. [...]

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Continuité des Processus'

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