Relevant bibliographies by topics / Contextuality

Academic literature on the topic 'Contextuality'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Contextuality"

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Kujala, Janne V., and Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov. "Measures of contextuality and non-contextuality." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2157 (September 16, 2019): 20190149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0149.

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We discuss three measures of the degree of contextuality in contextual systems of dichotomous random variables. These measures are developed within the framework of the Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory, and apply to inconsistently connected systems (those with ‘disturbance’ allowed). For one of these measures of contextuality, presented here for the first time, we construct a corresponding measure of the degree of non-contextuality in non-contextual systems. The other two CbD-based measures do not suggest ways in which degree of non-contextuality of a non-contextual system can be quantified. We find the same to be true for the contextual fraction measure developed by Abramsky, Barbosa and Mansfield. This measure of contextuality is confined to consistently connected systems, but CbD allows one to generalize it to arbitrary systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Contextuality and probability in quantum mechanics and beyond’.
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Pavičić, Mladen. "Hypergraph Contextuality." Entropy 21, no. 11 (November 12, 2019): 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21111107.

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Quantum contextuality is a source of quantum computational power and a theoretical delimiter between classical and quantum structures. It has been substantiated by numerous experiments and prompted generation of state independent contextual sets, that is, sets of quantum observables capable of revealing quantum contextuality for any quantum state of a given dimension. There are two major classes of state-independent contextual sets—the Kochen-Specker ones and the operator-based ones. In this paper, we present a third, hypergraph-based class of contextual sets. Hypergraph inequalities serve as a measure of contextuality. We limit ourselves to qutrits and obtain thousands of 3-dim contextual sets. The simplest of them involves only 5 quantum observables, thus enabling a straightforward implementation. They also enable establishing new entropic contextualities.
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Predelli, Stefano. "Semantic contextuality." Journal of Pragmatics 36, no. 12 (December 2004): 2107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2004.01.002.

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Pavicic, Mladen. "Quantum Contextuality." Quantum 7 (March 17, 2023): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-03-17-953.

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Quantum contextual sets have been recognized as resources for universal quantum computation, quantum steering and quantum communication. Therefore, we focus on engineering the sets that support those resources and on determining their structures and properties. Such engineering and subsequent implementation rely on discrimination between statistics of measurement data of quantum states and those of their classical counterparts. The discriminators considered are inequalities defined for hypergraphs whose structure and generation are determined by their basic properties. The generation is inherently random but with the predetermined quantum probabilities of obtainable data. Two kinds of statistics of the data are defined for the hypergraphs and six kinds of inequalities. One kind of statistics, often applied in the literature, turn out to be inappropriate and two kinds of inequalities turn out not to be noncontextuality inequalities. Results are obtained by making use of universal automated algorithms which generate hypergraphs with both odd and even numbers of hyperedges in any odd and even dimensional space – in this paper, from the smallest contextual set with just three hyperedges and three vertices to arbitrarily many contextual sets in up to 8-dimensional spaces. Higher dimensions are computationally demanding although feasible.
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Dzhafarov, Ehtibar N., and Janne V. Kujala. "Contextuality with Disturbance and without: Neither Can Violate Substantive Requirements the Other Satisfies." Entropy 25, no. 4 (March 28, 2023): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040581.

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Contextuality was originally defined only for consistently connected systems of random variables (those without disturbance/signaling). Contextuality-by-Default theory (CbD) offers an extension of the notion of contextuality to inconsistently connected systems (those with disturbance) by defining it in terms of the systems’ couplings subject to certain constraints. Such extensions are sometimes met with skepticism. We pose the question of whether it is possible to develop a set of substantive requirements (i.e., those addressing a notion itself rather than its presentation form) such that (1) for any consistently connected system, these requirements are satisfied, but (2) they are violated for some inconsistently connected systems. We show that no such set of requirements is possible, not only for CbD but for all possible CbD-like extensions of contextuality. This follows from the fact that any extended contextuality theory T is contextually equivalent to a theory T′ in which all systems are consistently connected. The contextual equivalence means the following: there is a bijective correspondence between the systems in T and T′ such that the corresponding systems in T and T′ are, in a well-defined sense, mere reformulations of each other, and they are contextual or noncontextual together.
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Hofer-Szabó, Gábor. "Causal contextuality and contextuality-by-default are different concepts." Journal of Mathematical Psychology 104 (September 2021): 102590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2021.102590.

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de Barros, José, Federico Holik, and Décio Krause. "Contextuality and Indistinguishability." Entropy 19, no. 9 (August 23, 2017): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e19090435.

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Mansfield, Shane. "Contextuality is topological." Quantum Views 4 (February 3, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/qv-2020-02-03-31.

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Svozil, Karl. "How much contextuality?" Natural Computing 11, no. 2 (March 11, 2012): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11047-012-9318-9.

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Okay, Cihan, Aziz Kharoof, and Selman Ipek. "Simplicial quantum contextuality." Quantum 7 (May 22, 2023): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-22-1009.

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We introduce a new framework for contextuality based on simplicial sets, combinatorial models of topological spaces that play a prominent role in modern homotopy theory. Our approach extends measurement scenarios to consist of spaces (rather than sets) of measurements and outcomes, and thereby generalizes nonsignaling distributions to simplicial distributions, which are distributions on spaces modeled by simplicial sets. Using this formalism we present a topologically inspired new proof of Fine's theorem for characterizing noncontextuality in Bell scenarios. Strong contextuality is generalized suitably for simplicial distributions, allowing us to define cohomological witnesses that extend the earlier topological constructions restricted to algebraic relations among quantum observables to the level of probability distributions. Foundational theorems of quantum theory such as the Gleason's theorem and Kochen--Specker theorem can be expressed naturally within this new language.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Contextuality"

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Ruseckaitė, Indrė. "Vilnius city planning: aspect of contextuality." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130218_142158-96094.

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The research subject covers expression of Contextualism ideas and contextuality attributes in the planning of Vilnius city from 1790 to 1990. The main objective of the present paper is to define the expression attributes of the contextuality aspect in the development areas of Vilnius city from 1790 to 1990 as well as to identify the preservation and elaboration methods thereof. To achieve the objective of the research, the following tasks shall be carried out: analysis of the conception of urban, sociocultural and conceptual Contextualism and attributes of contextuality; definition of urban contextuality expression in the areas of Vilnius city developed from 1790 to 1990; identification of the change of urban contextuality attributes in soviet residential districts of Vilnius in the 21st century; highlighting of ways for stimulating sociocultural and conceptual contextuality in further modernisation of the soviet residential districts of Vilnius. The paper consists of an introduction, three sections, conclusions, a list of the references used and a list of author’s publications on the subject of the dissertation. The conception of Contextualism in the architectural theory, the definitions of models of urban, sociocultural, conceptual Contextualism and the attributes of contextuality are analysed in the first chapter. The display of the features of contextuality in the surrounding areas designed in 19–20th century are studied in the second chapter. The third chapter is... [to full text]
Disertacinio darbo tyrimo objektas – tai kontekstualizmo idėjų ir kontekstualumo požymių raiška 1790–1990 m. Vilniaus miesto planavimo koncepcijose ir suformuotose miesto dalyse. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti Vilniaus miesto dalių, suformuotų 1790–1990 m., kontekstualumo požymius, jų išsaugojimo bei plėtojimo XXI a. būdus. Darbo tikslui pasiekti darbe sprendžiami šie uždaviniai: išnagrinėti urbanistinio, sociokultūrinio ir konceptualiojo kontekstualizmo samprata ir kontekstualumo požymius; nustatyti urbanistinio kontekstualumo požymių raiška Vilniaus miesto dalyse, suformuotose 1790–1990 m.; nustatyti urbanistinio kontekstualumo požymiu kaita Vilniaus sovietmečio gyvenamuosiuose rajonuose XXI a.; identifikuoti sociokultūrinio kontekstualumo katalizatorių taikymo galimybes modernizuojant Vilniaus sovietmečio gyvenamuosius rajonus. Disertacija sudaro įvadas, trys skyriai, skyrių apibendrinimai, bendrosios išvados, naudotos literatūros ir autorės publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai. Pirmajame skyriuje aptariama kontekstualizmo samprata ir apibrėžiami urbanistinio, sociokultūrinio ir konceptualiojo kontekstualizmo modeliai, kontekstualumo požymiai. Antrajame skyriuje nagrinėjama urbanistinio kontekstualumo požymių raiška XIX–XX a. suformuotose Vilniaus dalyse. Trečiajame skyriuje tiriama sovietmečio gyvenamųjų rajonų urbanistinių ir architektūrinių pokyčių po 1990 m. problema, analizuojamos sociokultūrinio ir konceptualiojo kontekstualumo modeliu pritaikymo galimybės.
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Harrysson, Patrik. "Memory Cost of Quantum Contextuality." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Informationskodning, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131007.

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This is a study taking an information theoretic approach toward quantum contextuality. The approach is that of using the memory complexity of finite-state machines to quantify quantum contextuality. These machines simulate the outcome behaviour of sequential measurements on systems of quantum bits as predicted by quantum mechanics. Of interest is the question of whether or not classical representations by finite-state machines are able to effectively represent the state-independent contextual outcome behaviour. Here we consider spatial efficiency, rather than temporal efficiency as considered by D. Gottesman (1999), for the particular measurement dynamics in systems of quantum bits. Extensions of cases found in the adjacent study of Kleinmann et al. (2010) are established by which upper bounds on memory complexity for particular scenarios are found. Furthermore, an optimal machine structure for simulating any n-partite system of quantum bits is found, by which a lower bound for the memory complexity is found for each n in the natural numbers. Within this finite-state machine approach questions of foundational concerns on quantum mechanics were sought to be addressed. Alas, nothing of novel thought on such concerns is here reported on.
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de, Silva Nadish. "Contextuality and noncommutative geometry in quantum mechanics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ca8995d-b562-426a-ab89-afab3a18dda2.

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It is argued that the geometric dual of a noncommutative operator algebra represents a notion of quantum state space which differs from existing notions by representing observables as maps from states to outcomes rather than from states to distributions on outcomes. A program of solving for an explicitly geometric manifestation of quantum state space by adapting the spectral presheaf, a construction meant to analyze contextuality in quantum mechanics, to derive simple reconstructions of noncommutative topological tools from their topological prototypes is presented. We associate to each unital C*-algebra A a geometric object--a diagram of topological spaces representing quotient spaces of the noncommutative space underlying A—meant to serve the role of a generalized Gel'fand spectrum. After showing that any functor F from compact Hausdorff spaces to a suitable target category C can be applied directly to these geometric objects to automatically yield an extension F∼ which acts on all unital C*-algebras, we compare a novel formulation of the operator K0 functor to the extension K∼ of the topological K-functor. We then conjecture that the extension of the functor assigning a topological space its topological lattice assigns a unital C*-algebra the topological lattice of its primary ideal spectrum and prove the von Neumann algebraic analogue of this conjecture.
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Laversanne-Finot, Adrien. "Contextuality and nonlocality in continuous variable systems." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC220/document.

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La mécanique quantique présente des propriétés étonnantes qui n'ont pas d'équivalent en physique classique. Ces propriétés sont au cœur des applications possibles de la mécanique quantique. Le thème principal de cette thèse est l'étude de deux des propriétés fondamentales de la mécanique quantique: la non-localité et la contextualité. Dans ce cadre, nous poursuivrons deux objectifs: premièrement, nous étudierons comment certains résultats obtenus pour les systèmes discrets peuvent être étendus aux systèmes décrits par des variables continues; deuxièmement nous étudierons comment il est possible de tester ces deux propriétés dans les systèmes quantiques décrits par des variables continues.Dans une première partie, nous étudions l'ensemble des distributions de probabilités locales et ``no-signaling'', c'est à dire qui ne permettent pas de transmettre d'information. Nous commençons par traduire le problème en terme de contraintes sur des espaces de mesures de probabilité. Nous introduisons ensuite un ensemble de mesures de probabilité qui sont les analogues en variables continues des probabilités découvertes par Popescu et Rohrlich dans le cas discret. Enfin, nous caractérisons l'ensemble des mesures de probabilité ``no-signaling''. Plus précisément, nous montrons que les mesures introduites sont des points extrémaux de l'ensemble des mesures de probabilité ``no-signaling'' et que leur enveloppe convexe est dense dans l'ensemble des mesures de probabilité ``no-signaling''. Dans une seconde partie nous nous intéressons à une preuve de la contextualité de la mécanique quantique dans une formulation qui ne dépend pas de l'état. Plus particulièrement, concernant l'inégalité de non-contextualité de Peres-Mermin, nous montrons qu'il est possible de la généraliser pour des observables définies sur des espaces de Hilbert de dimension arbitraire, voire infinie. Cette généralisation nous permet d'identifier les propriétés communes des observables qui conduisent à une violation maximale de l'inégalité de Peres-Mermin.En dernier lieu, nous nous intéressons à des états intriqués du champ électromagnétique de deux cavités. Ces états sont non-locaux et violent une inégalité de Bell formée de mesures de la parité déplacée. Nous étudions comment ces états peuvent être préparés et mesurés expérimentalement. Enfin, nous analysons l'effet des imperfections expérimentales et des pertes
Quantum mechanics has many intriguing properties that have no-classical analogs. These properties are at the heart of many quantum information protocols which offer the possibility to outperform their classical counterparts. This thesis is devoted to an investigation of two of the fundamental properties of quantum mechanics: non-locality and contextuality. The goal of this thesis is twofold. Firstly we will study how known results for discrete systems can be extended to continuous variables systems. Secondly, we will investigate how these properties can be tested in quantum systems characterized by continuous variables.Our work starts with an investigation of the set of local and no-signaling probability distributions. We develop a formalism for generic no-signaling black-box measurement devices with continuous outputs in terms of probability measures. We introduce the continuous-variable version of the famous Popescu-Rohrlich boxes and show that they violate the Tsirelson bound of an adequate continuous-variable Bell inequality. Finally, we perform a characterization of the geometry of the set of continuous-variable no-signaling correlations. More precisely, we show that the convex hull of those boxes is dense in the no-signaling set.We then study the contextuality of Quantum Mechanics in a state independent formulation. In particular, we study the Peres-Mermin state independent non-contextuality inequality, and show how it is possible to generalize the Peres-Mermin inequality to scenarios involving observables with an arbitrary number of outcomes. Specifically, we identify general conditions on the spectral decomposition of observables demonstrating state independent contextuality of quantum mechanics in this scenario.Lastly, we explore the non-local properties of entangled cat states, made of superpositions of coherent states stored in two spatially separated cavities. We show that even when taking into account the experimental imperfections such as the losses, a violation of local-realism is still possible, in the form of a violation of an appropriate Bell inequality
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Mansfield, Shane. "The mathematical structure of non-locality and contextuality." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:394bb375-db3f-4a12-bdd8-cd1ab5809573.

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Non-locality and contextuality are key features of quantum mechanics that distinguish it from classical physics. We aim to develop a deeper, more structural understanding of these phenomena, underpinned by robust and elegant mathematical theory with a view to providing clarity and new perspectives on conceptual and foundational issues. A general framework for logical non-locality is introduced and used to prove that 'Hardy's paradox' is complete for logical non-locality in all (2,2,l) and (2,k,2) Bell scenarios, a consequence of which is that Bell states are the only entangled two-qubit states that are not logically non-local, and that Hardy non-locality can be witnessed with certainty in a tripartite quantum system. A number of developments of the unified sheaf-theoretic approach to non-locality and contextuality are considered, including the first application of cohomology as a tool for studying the phenomena: we find cohomological witnesses corresponding to many of the classic no-go results, and completely characterise contextuality for large families of Kochen-Specker-like models. A connection with the problem of the existence of perfect matchings in k-uniform hypergraphs is explored, leading to new results on the complexity of deciding contextuality. A refinement of the sheaf-theoretic approach is found that captures partial approximations to locality/non-contextuality and can allow Bell models to be constructed from models of more general kinds which are equivalent in terms of non-locality/contextuality. Progress is made on bringing recent results on the nature of the wavefunction within the scope of the logical and sheaf-theoretic methods. Computational tools are developed for quantifying contextuality and finding generalised Bell inequalities for any measurement scenario which complement the research programme. This also leads to a proof that local ontological models with `negative probabilities' generate the no-signalling polytopes for all Bell scenarios.
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Emeriau, Pierre-Emmanuel. "The interplay between quantum contextuality and Wigner negativity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS419.

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La physique quantique a révolutionné notre façon de concevoir la nature et provoque une nouvelle révolution technologique. L'utilisation de l'information quantique dans la technologie promet de supplanter les dispositifs dits classiques utilisés de nos jours. Il est essentiel de comprendre quelles caractéristiques sont intrinsèquement non classiques pour atteindre des performances supérieures à celles des dispositifs actuels. Cette thèse se concentre sur deux comportements non classiques : la contextualité quantique et la négativité de Wigner. Jusqu'à présent, la contextualité a surtout été étudiée dans des scénarios à variables discrètes, où les observables prennent des valeurs dans des ensembles discrets et généralement finis. Il a été démontré que la contextualité est nécessaire et suffisante pour les avantages dans certains cas. D'autre part, la négativité de la fonction de Wigner est une autre caractéristique non classique troublante des états quantiques qui provient de la formulation de l'espace de phase en optique quantique. La négativité de la fonction de Wigner est connue pour être une ressource nécessaire à l'accélération quantique. Nous établissons un cadre robuste pour traiter la contextualité dans les variables continues. Nous quantifions la contextualité dans de tels scénarios en utilisant des outils de la théorie de l'optimisation en dimension infinie. Nous montrons que la négativité de Wigner est équivalente à la contextualité dans les variables continues pour les mesures de Pauli. Nous introduisons ensuite des témoins expérimentaux pour la négativité de Wigner des états quantiques multimodes, basés sur les fidélités avec les états de Fock
Quantum physics has revolutionised our way of conceiving nature and is now bringing about a new technological revolution. The use of quantum information in technology promises to supersede the so-called classical devices used nowadays. Understanding what features are inherently non-classical is crucial for reaching better-than-classical performance. This thesis focuses on two nonclassical behaviours: quantum contextuality and Wigner negativity. To date, contextuality has mostly been studied in discrete-variable scenarios, where observables take values in discrete and usually finite sets. In those scenarios, contextuality has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for advantages in some cases. On the other hand, negativity of the Wigner function is another unsettling non-classical feature of quantum states that originates from phase-space formulation in quantum optics. Wigner negativity is known to be a necessary resource for quantum speedup. We set out a robust framework for properly treating contextuality in continuous variables. We quantify contextuality in such scenarios by using tools from infinite-dimensional optimisation theory. Building upon this, we show that Wigner negativity is equivalent to contextuality in continuous variables with respect to Pauli measurements. We then introduce experimentally-friendly witnesses for Wigner negativity of multimode quantum states, based on fidelities with Fock states which again uses infinite-dimensional linear programming techniques. We further extend the range of previously known discrete-variable results linking contextuality and advantage into a new territory of discrete variable information retrieval
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Sainz, Ana Belén. "Characterizing and witnessing multipartite correlations : from nonlocality to contextuality." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/144528.

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In the past century, experimental discoveries have witnessed phenomena in Nature which challenge our everyday classical intuition. In order to explain these facts, quantum theory was developed, which so far has been able to reproduce the observed results. However, I believe that our understanding of quantum mechanics can be significantly improved by the search for an operational meaning behind its mathematical formulation, which would help to identify the limitations and possibilities of the theory for information processing. An intriguing property of quantum theory is its intrinsic randomness. Indeed, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen in 1935 questioned the completeness of quantum theory. They argued the possibility of the existence of a complete theory where variables to which we have not access determine the behaviour of physical systems, and the randomness observed in quantum mechanics is then due to our ignorance of these variables. These hidden variables theories, however, were proved not to be enough for explaining the predictions of quantum theory, as shown in the no-go theorems by Bell on quantum-nonlocality and by Kochen and Specker on quantum-contextuality. In the past decades, many experiments have corroborated the nonlocal and contextual character of Nature. However, no intuition behind these phenomena has been found, in particular about what limits their strength. In fact, special relativity alone would allow for phenomena which are more nonlocal than what quantum theory allows. Hence, much effort has been devoted to find the physical properties of quantum theory that restricts these phenomena. In this thesis, we study the constraints that arise on nonlocal and contextual phenomena when a certain exclusiveness structure compatible with quantum theory is imposed in the space of events. Here, an event denotes the situation where an outcome is obtained given that a measurement is performed on the physical system. Regarding nonlocality, we introduce a notion of orthogonality that states that events involving different outcomes of the same local measurement are exclusive, and construct constraints that the correlations among observers should satisfy. We denote this by Local Orthogonality principle (LO), which is the first intrinsically multipartite principle for bounding quantum correlations. We prove that LO identifies the supra-quantum character of some bipartite and multipartite correlations, and gets close to the quantum boundary. When studying contextuality, the same abstract event may correspond to outcomes of different measurements, which introduces a non-trivial structure in the space of events. For its study, we develop a general formalism for contextuality scenarios in the spirit of the recent approach by Cabello, Severini and Winter. In our framework, nonlocality arises as a particular case of contextuality, which allows us to study a generalization of LO. Both in nonlocality and contextuality, we find close connections to problems in combinatorics and hence use graph-theoretical tools for studying correlations. Finally, this thesis also studies the detection of nonlocal correlations. Most results on quantum nonlocality focus on few particles' experiments, while less is known about the detection of quantum nonlocality in many-body systems. Standard many-body observables involve correlations among few particles, while there is still no multipartite Bell inequality to test nonlocality merely from these data. In this thesis, we provide the first proposal for nonlocality detection in many-body systems using two-body correlations. We construct families of Bell inequalities from two-body correlators, which can detect nonlocality for systems with large number of constituents. In addition, we prove violations by systems which are relevant in nuclear and atomic physics, and show how to test these inequalities by measuring global spin components, hence opening the problem to experimental realizations.
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Allard, Guérin Philippe. "Wigner function negativity and contextuality in quantum computation with rebits." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54594.

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We study the resources necessary for quantum computation with rebits (qubit states with real amplitudes in the standard basis). We introduce a scheme for universal quantum computation by state injection, and define a Wigner function appropriate for this scheme. We show that the Wigner function obeys a Hudson’s theorem and transforms covariantly under CSS-ness preserving unitary gates; these results allows us to establish that Wigner function negativity is necessary for quantum computation. Furthermore, we establish contextuality as another necessary computational resource. We show that in contrast with the case of qudits [M. Howard et al., Nature 510, 351 (2014)], negativity does not imply contextuality. We discuss state independent contextuality and why it does not arise in our computational scheme.
Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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Bezuidenhout, Louise Martha. "Contextuality in life science ethics : dual-use as a case study." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/12122.

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In the rapidly advancing field of the life sciences, issues relating to responsibility for research are becoming a key area of discussion. Attempting to conceptualise how individual and collective responsibilities may be attributed to scientists for their research is proving both difficult and complex. Issues relating to responsibility for research may be loosely divided into two different areas. Internal responsibilities refer to those that scientists hold to their research and their colleagues to ensure that high quality data is produced with integrity. Broad social responsibilities, in contrast, reflect the social contract that scientists hold with society and refer to the commitment of scientific research to enhance and promote humanity in a manner that takes into consideration social priorities and norms. By far, research on internal responsibilities has formed the bulk of current discussions on responsibility in life science ethics. These responsibilities have come to be represented by the field of research ethics, which focuses on the prevention of misconduct and the promotion of globally harmonised approaches to daily conduct. Research ethics has been widely endorsed, and a high level of international agreement has resulted in country-specific approaches to awareness raising and pedagogy – such as the Responsible Conduct of Research approach developed in the USA – being applicable for use in divergent social contexts. In contrast, however, broad social issues have received comparatively less attention from the life science ethics community. Indeed, these topics often do not have a place in ethics curricula, or form “add-on” topics to ethics modules. This thesis suggests that presenting broad social issues as a progression of research ethics topics may cause considerable difficulties for pedagogy. In particular, this thesis suggests that these problems arise through the promotion of an internationally harmonised approach to research ethics, the focus on avoiding misconduct, and the reliance on informal teaching within laboratories as a fundamental aspect of perpetuating research ethics. This thesis suggests that the crucial issue of contextual variations within ethics discussions is often marginalised. I argue such variations may have considerable implications for how scientists engage with notions of professional responsibility. Such points are particularly salient when noting that many scientists in developing countries are introduced to these topics through Western-centric ethics modules that do not take into account social, regulatory and physical variations in research environments in these countries. In order to critically interrogate contextual variations and social responsibility, the thesis makes use of an interdisciplinary approach, using a variety of methods of investigation. The topic of dual-use – the potential for beneficial research to be misused by third parties for nefarious means – was taken as a focalising example of a broad social issue and formed the basis of comparative investigations with scientists in sub-Saharan Africa and the UK. The fieldwork results showed significant variations between how scientists in developing countries and developed countries interacted with the topic of dual-use. It became clear that the Western-centric approach promoted by most current dual-use awareness raising initiatives, and the implicit research ethics teaching approaches in these models, caused considerable difficulties for African scientists attempting to access these discussions. Using the theoretical framework outlined at the beginning of the thesis and the fieldwork, the thesis concludes by proposing a number of changes that could be made to the way that broad social issues are presented to scientists within ethics pedagogy.
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Sohbi, Adel. "Etude de tests du caractère quantique de systèmes de dimension supérieur à deux dans des conditions réalistes." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0083/document.

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Le sujet de cette thèse est une étude de tests du caractère quantique des systèmes de dimension supérieure à deux dans des conditions réalistes. La non-localité est une des propriétés quantiques utile pour des protocoles du domaine des communications quantiques. L’étude réalisée sur les effets de la décohérence (modèles de conditions réalistes) permet de rendre compte des moyens à mettre en oeuvre afin d’optimiser la conservation de la non-localité en pratique. La contextualité est une autre propriété quantique fondamentale avec un potentiel dans le domaine de traitement d’information quantique. Un test de contextualité a été développé pour toutes les dimensions de systèmes quantiques supérieures à deux. Une expérience prenant en compte les enjeux expérimentaux des tests de contextualité est aussi proposée
The subject of this thesis is a study of tests of the quantum features of systems of dimension greater than two under realistic conditions. Non-locality is one of the quantum properties used in protocols in the field of quantum communications. The study on the effects of the decoherence (models ofrealistic conditions) address the issue of the conservation of non-locality in practice. Contextuality is another fundamental quantum property with a potential power in quantum information processing. A contextuality test has been developed for all dimensions of quantum systems greater than two. An experiment that considers the experimental issues of contextuality tests is also proposed
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Books on the topic "Contextuality"

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1943-, Udoff Alan, Baltimore Hebrew College (Md.), and Maryland Humanities Council, eds. Kafka's contextuality. [Staten Island, NY]: Gordian Press, 1986.

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Szangolies, Jochen. Testing Quantum Contextuality. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9.

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Contextuality in practical reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2008.

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Price, A. W. Contextuality in practical reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2008.

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Price, A. W. Contextuality in practical reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2008.

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Liu, Zheng-Hao. Exploring Quantum Contextuality with Photons. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6167-2.

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Chrzanowska-Kluczewska, Elżbieta. The contextuality of language and culture. Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo WSEH, 2009.

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Towards a plurality of satyagraha: Contextuality and relevance. Kolkata: Fine Prints, 2012.

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Nerlich, Brigitte. Semantic theories in Europe, 1830-1930: From etymology to contextuality. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub. Co., 1992.

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Amaral, Barbara, and Marcelo Terra Cunha. On Graph Approaches to Contextuality and their Role in Quantum Theory. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93827-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Contextuality"

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West, Gerald. "Contextuality." In The Blackwell Companion to the Bible and Culture, 399–413. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470997000.ch24.

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Hemmick, Douglas L., and Asif M. Shakur. "Contextuality." In SpringerBriefs in Physics, 23–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23468-2_2.

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Norsen, Travis. "Generic Contextuality." In Fundamental Theories of Physics, 71–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45434-9_7.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Introduction and Motivation." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 1–5. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_1.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Theory and Background." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 7–33. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_2.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Noise-Robustness of Kochen-Specker Tests." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 35–58. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_3.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Statistical Models for Noisy Measurements." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 59–73. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_4.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Noncontextual Evolution." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 75–93. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_5.

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Szangolies, Jochen. "Conclusion." In Testing Quantum Contextuality, 95–98. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09200-9_6.

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D’Espagnat, Bernard. "Observation, Contextuality, and Realism." In The Reality of the Unobservable, 251–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9391-5_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Contextuality"

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Qi, Wen-Rong, Jie Zhou, Ling-Jun Kong, Chenghou Tu, Yongnan Li, Adán Cabello, Jing-Ling Chen, and Hui-Tian Wang. "Stronger Quantum Contextuality." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2020.jth2a.19.

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Svozil, Karl. "On Counterfactuals and Contextuality." In FOUNDATIONS OF PROBABILITY AND PHYSICS - 3. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1874586.

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Li, Yi, Shaohua Wang, and Tien N. Nguyen. "Contextuality of Code Representation Learning." In 2023 38th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ase56229.2023.00029.

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Puri, S. K., Elaine Byrne, Jose Leopoldo Nhampossa, and Zubeeda B. Quraishi. "Contextuality of participation in IS design." In the eighth conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1011870.1011876.

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Tollaksen, Jeff, and John E. Gray. "Memory, contextuality, instrumentality, and quantum mechanics." In SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, edited by Eric J. Donkor, Andrew R. Pirich, and Howard E. Brandt. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.778100.

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Howard, Mark, Joel Wallman, Victor Veitch, and Joseph Emerson. "Contextuality Supplies the Magic for Quantum Computation." In 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (ISMVL). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ismvl.2015.46.

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Zhang, Aonan, Lijian Zhang, and Brian J. Smith. "Experimental contextuality of quantum and classical systems." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2017.fm2d.1.

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Larsson, Jan-Åke, Matthias Kleinmann, Constantino Budroni, Otfried Gühne, and Adán Cabello. "Maximal violation of state-independent contextuality inequalities." In QUANTUM THEORY: RECONSIDERATION OF FOUNDATIONS 6. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4773138.

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La Cour, Brian R., Luigi Accardi, Guillaume Adenier, Christopher Fuchs, Gregg Jaeger, Andrei Yu Khrennikov, Jan-Åke Larsson, and Stig Stenholm. "Quantum Contextuality as a Measurement Disturbance Effect." In FOUNDATIONS OF PROBABILITY AND PHYSICS—5. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3109957.

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La Cour, Brian R., and Andrei Yu Khrennikov. "Analysis of Some Recent Tests of Quantum Contextuality." In QUANTUM THEORY: Reconsideration of Foundations—5. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3431509.

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Reports on the topic "Contextuality"

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Balandina, Nadiya. STRUCTURE OF MEDIAENVIRONMENT THROUGH THE PRISM OF LEXICAL INNOVATIONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12167.

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Using theoretical and empirical methods, this paper proves that the modern mediaenvironment is a complex configuration made by the material and the virtual components and is reflected in the language in various ways. Innovative lexis with the component media and its systematization has become the key to understanding the mediareality, in particular, detecting the constituent elements of the structure of the mediatized environment. In total, 455 lexemes chosen from the Ukrainian dictionaries, academic publications, and the results provided by Google search engine have been analyzed. The systematization of the lexical units have been done according to the principle of the lexical and semantic field, and as the result macro-, midi-, and mini-fields have been allocated with the subsequent ranging of the lexis into the core, the centre, and the periphery. Within the macro-field MEDIAENVIRONMENT, the midi-fields have been located – TECHNICAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, and SOCIO-COMMUNICATIVE. The conceptual core of the macro-field MEDIAENVIRONMENT has been shown to form lexemes signifying space specified from the point of view of temporality, structuredness, contextuality, and evaluation. TECHNICAL midi-field is represented by the names of media equipment; TECHNOLOGICAL midi-field – by the names of methods, processes, and ways of using media equipment. The structural and semantic framework of the SOCIO-COMMUNICATIVE concentre is represented by mini-fields: WHO – FOR WHAT PURPOSE – WHAT – CHANNEL – TO WHOM – EFFECTS. The senders of information are shown as social institutions, groups, and individuals. The nominations of the addressee reflect the transformation of the passive information consumer to the user. The informational object has been specified according to its form, meaning, and the virtual «shell». The wide array of names for communication channels shows the link between the social field with the technical and technological ones, with their relative autonomy. The effects of consuming the information are verbalized by a smaller number of lexemes, largely of behavioral and evaluative nature. To sum up, the specified groups of neolexemes with the component media create a qualitative-quantitative hierarchical structure, the most numerous parts of which serve as the indicators of the most media-determined spheres of socioenvironment. Key words: mediaenvironment, structure, verbalization, neolexemes with the component media, lexical-semantical field.
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Urueña, Alberto. La sociedad en red: Transforación digital en España: Informe anual 2019. Observatorio Nacional de las Telecomunicaciones y la SI, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30923/1989-7424-2020.

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Se realiza un análisis exhaustivo de los principales temas e indicadores en el contexto de la Sociedad de la Información y las TIC durante el 2019(tanto los económicos como tecnológicos y de servicios), incluyendo un enfoque local referenciado a España y un enfoque a nivel mundial y europeo. Se contextualiza y compara los resultados españoles con el resto de los países.
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Murdick, Dewey, Daniel Chou, Ryan Fedasiuk, and Emily Weinstein. The Public AI Research Portfolio of China’s Security Forces. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20200057.

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New analytic tools are used in this data brief to explore the public artificial intelligence (AI) research portfolio of China’s security forces. The methods contextualize Chinese-language scholarly papers that claim a direct working affiliation with components of the Ministry of Public Security, People's Armed Police Force, and People’s Liberation Army. The authors review potential uses of computer vision, robotics, natural language processing and general AI research.
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Cabrera Abu, Nasara. Las segundas generaciones de origen extranjero. Observatorio de la Inmigración de Tenerife. Departamento de Geografía e Historia. Universidad de La Laguna. Tenerife, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/r.obitfact.2020.03.

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Este documento se aproxima a la temática de las segundas generaciones de origen inmigrante. En primer lugar, se plantea una reflexión sobre el propio concepto de segunda generación, posteriormente se contextualiza el estudio sobre las segundas generaciones en los estudios migratorios internacionales, españoles y canarios, para luego hacer una somera caracterización de una parte de las segundas generaciones en Canarias, así como contemplar las cuestines sociales más relevantes en torno a esta realidad. Finalmente, se esbozan unas breves conclusiones.
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Cabrera Abu, Nasara. Las segundas generaciones de origen extranjero. Observatorio de la Inmigración de Tenerife. Departamento de Geografía e Historia. Universidad de La Laguna. Tenerife, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/r.obitfact.2020.03.

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Este documento se aproxima a la temática de las segundas generaciones de origen inmigrante. En primer lugar, se plantea una reflexión sobre el propio concepto de segunda generación, posteriormente se contextualiza el estudio sobre las segundas generaciones en los estudios migratorios internacionales, españoles y canarios, para luego hacer una somera caracterización de una parte de las segundas generaciones en Canarias, así como contemplar las cuestines sociales más relevantes en torno a esta realidad. Finalmente, se esbozan unas breves conclusiones.
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Roschelle, Jeremy, and Adam Schellinger. Looking Back to Move Forward. SEERNet, Digital Promise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/203.

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SEERNet digital learning platforms (DLPs) are developing new infrastructure to support research in authentic contexts where student learning is happening. In order to contextualize this work within the larger field, we trace historical precedents along four main categories: data repositories, data collection services, research design interfaces, and research communities. By situating this innovative movement alongside its predecessors, we can identify the opportunities for SEERNet and others to progress and sustain the mission of making research more scalable, equitable, and rigorous.
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Kirk, Karen, Sanyukta Mathur, and Julie Pulerwitz. Best Practices to Prevent and Respond to Sexual Violence: Evidence review and programme considerations. Population Council, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2023.1055.

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Presentation for AGYW & South-to-South Learning Network Champions to fill a knowledge gap about what strategies have been tested and found effective in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to prevent and respond to sexual violence experienced by adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). This topic was identified by East and Southern African Champions as a key impediment to their HIV prevention programming efforts. This review focused on evidence from all 15 South-to-South Learning Network (SSLN) countries to gather and synthesise contextually relevant information.
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Méndez Rodríguez, Alejandro. Working Paper PUEAA No. 12. The mobility of international students as the first link in the migration of talents in Japan. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.010r.2022.

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In the current era of the knowledge-based economy, the mobility of intellectual capital through international students is very significant. Immigration policies establish instruments for the organization and management of human resources to attract qualified workers and international students in a context of global competitiveness. Currently, Asian countries have gained relevance in attracting human resources. In Japan, the main component influencing the dynamics of international migration flows is the transnational labor market for skilled human resources, as well as the mechanisms that shape it. The aim of this paper is to describe the socioeconomic factors that shape, drive and contextualize the mobility of skilled workers.
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Legarreta, Regina, Damian Galinsky, and Andreia Barcellos. Approach Paper: Extended Country Program Evaluation, Paraguay 2014-2023. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005246.

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This approach paper describes the evaluation methodology and criteria and evaluation questions to be used in preparing the Extended Country Program Evaluation (XCPE) Paraguay 2014-2023, as well as the team and indicative timeline. The document is structured into five sections and one annex that provides supplementary information. Following this introduction, Section II will contextualize the evaluation, explaining the country's development challenges and government priorities (National Development Plan 2030). Section III describes the country strategies approved by the IDB Group over the period 2014-2023 and the country program whose definition is stipulated in the Protocol. Section IV describes the evaluation methodology and criteria, and Section V provides details of the XCPE team and timeline.
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Hrynick, Tabitha, and Santiago Ripoll. Key Considerations: Achieving COVID-19 Vaccine and Health Equity in Ealing and North West London. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.041.

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This brief illustrates how COVID-19 vaccine (in)equity has played out on the ground and offers key considerations for how it can be improved in the North West London (NWL) borough of Ealing. We conducted a review of literature and several informal consultations with local actors involved in COVID-19 vaccination efforts in statutory bodies (local authorities and the NHS) and the community in order to build a picture of and contextualise COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Ealing. Key considerations and lessons for achieving greater vaccine and health equity are presented, followed by additional context of interest to responders within statutory authorities and the community. This brief was produced by SSHAP in collaboration with partners in Ealing Council. It was authored by Tabitha Hrynick and Santiago Ripoll and is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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