Journal articles: 'Contact print'

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Krainer, Sarah, Louis Saes, and Ulrich Hirn. "Predicting inkjet dot spreading and print through from liquid penetration- and picoliter contact angle measurement." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 35, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0088.

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AbstractIn this study we have evaluated the suitability of laboratory testing methods to predict inkjet printing results. We have developed and used testing liquids that are spanning the operational window of industrial High Speed Inkjet (HSI) printers while still covering the maximum possible range of viscosity and surface tension. First we correlated liquid penetration measured with ultrasound (ULP) and direct absorption (ASA) to print through from HSI prints. The best correlation ({R^{2}}\approx 0.7) was found for the sized paper. For papers with increasing liquid penetration speed we found a decreasing ability of both testing methods to predict print through, for the strong absorbing paper the correlation drops to {R^{2}}\approx 0.2. Second we correlated contact angle and drop diameter to the dot area from HSI prints. Contact angle turned out to be a better predictor for printed dot area than drop diameter. Evaluating the change in contact angle over time we found the highest correlation to the dot area in the print when measuring the contact angle as soon as possible, in our case 1 ms after deposition of the drop on the paper. We also compared contact angle with microliter drops to picoliter drops, which are in the size scale of the actual inkjet droplet. To our great surprise correlations for microliter drops were equal or better than for picoliter drops, particularly for highly absorbing papers. Thus in order to predict dot spreading on paper our results suggest to measure the contact angle with microliter drops. Overall we found that, using laboratory testing methods, print through and dot spreading for HSI printing can be quite well predicted for slow absorbing papers but not very well for fast absorbing papers.

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Goh, Michael K. O., Connie Tee, and Andrew B. J. Teoh. "BI-MODAL PALM PRINT AND KNUCKLE PRINT RECOGNITION SYSTEM." Journal of IT in Asia 3, no. 1 (April 20, 2016): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jita.37.2010.

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This paper proposed an innovative contact-less palm print and knuckle print recognition system. Palm print is referred to as line textures, which contains principal lines, wrinkles and ridges on the inner surface of the palm. On the other hand, knuckle print is denoted as the flexion lines on the inner skin of the knuckles of the fingers. These line patterns are unique and stable, and they offer abundance of useful information for personal recognition. We present a novel palm print and knuckle print tracking approach to automatically detect and capture these features from low resolution video stream. No constraint is imposed and the subject can place his/her hand naturally on top of the input sensor without touching any device. The palm print and knuckle print features are extracted using our proposed Wavelet Gabor Competitive Code and Ridget Transform methods. Several decision-level fusion rules are used to consolidate the scores output by the palm print and knuckle print experts. The fusion of these features yields promising result of EER=1.25% for verification rate.

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WU, YEONG-JEN, and WEI-HSIANG LAI. "THE SIMULATION OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC PRINT HEAD." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 03 (January 30, 2009): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909018606.

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This paper investigates the flow dynamic behaviors with respect to different contact angle and frequency of the piezoelectric print head. Its geometric model is divided into three zones for easy description, i.e., channel zone, nozzle zone and ejection observing zone. The length, width and orifice diameter of the micro-channel are 2,000 µm, 400 µm and 30 µm, respectively. The moving wall is located on the top wall of the channel zone in order to obtain proper condition for single drop generation; we applied the numerical simulation by commercial CFD software – CFD-ACE+ 2004. The most important purpose of this study is to find out the optimal frequency to eject droplets periodically and control the volume of droplet ejection which may provide reference for experimental work later on. The results show that by fixing the frequency 20KHz, the nozzle contact angle is from 20 degree to 80 degree, the one droplet interval time value is less than 0.1% and the droplet size value is less than 1%. According to this result, we find that the effect of contact angle is not very important. Also for the frequency value from 50KHz to 100KHz, the first shot time is almost the same.

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Brown, N., M. R. Jackson, and R. M. Parkin. "Automatic gravure print feature determination at production speeds." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 217, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 1101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440540321700807.

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This paper describes the development of a non-contact system for measuring the colour of printed material at web speeds, in addition to gravure-printed dot feature recognition. The system proposed uses a non-contact spectrophotometer based on a holographic grating, in conjunction with a conventional monochrome area scan camera, from which colour spectral data are extracted, while a xenon flash is used to illuminate colour samples. Dot features are captured by a magnification lens, in conjunction with a progressive scan camera. Software and hardware details of the system are given, together with the underlying mathematics for colour space conversion and measurement. Conversion equations from X, Y, Z chromaticity coordinates to the RGB system are presented, and also equations to convert from the L* a* b* colour space to X, Y, Z chromaticity coordinates. Experimental results are presented whereby the non-contact spectral system is shown to perform to a colour tolerance exceeding that of conventional colour video systems, and where performance of the dot feature system is comparable with traditional static examination methods using a microscope.

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Li, Shu Juan, and Shan Cao. "Print Parameters Influence on Parts' Quality and Calibration with 3DP-Part I: Print Parameters Influence on Parts’ Surface Topography." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1639.

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As an important Solid Free Form Fabrication (SFF) technology, three-dimensional printing (3DP) has become popular in applications due to its properties of rapid prototyping, no pollution, and high productivity. Based on the experiment platform of ZP310, this paper investigates that powder layer thickness and blinder saturation level for different location of parts placement have effect on the part surface topography and forming accuracy, the location of parts placement includes right, middle and left, respectively, which represents the different face contact to the bottom of manufacturing box. The experiments show that: when the left of part is placed to contact to the bottom of manufacturing box, the powder layer thickness is 0.1 mm and the binder saturation level is 70%, the best surface topography can be obtained.

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Coldiron, A. E. B. (Anne E. B. ). "Public Sphere/Contact Zone: Habermas, Early Print, and Verse Translation." Criticism 46, no. 2 (2004): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/crt.2004.0040.

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Lindstrom, Brenda, Karen Chad, Nigel Ashworth, Bobbi Dunphy, Elizabeth Harrison, Bruce Reeder, Sandi Schultz, Suzanne Sheppard, and Kori Fisher. "Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies for a Physical Activity Intervention in Older Adults With Chronic Diseases." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 1, no. 3 (July 2004): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.1.3.259.

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Background:Engaging sedentary individuals in physical activity (PA) is challenging and problematic for research requiring large, representative samples. For research projects to be carried out in reasonable timeframes, optimum recruitment methods are needed. Effective recruitment strategies involving PA interventions for older adults have not been determined.Purpose:To compare the effectiveness of recruitment strategies for a PA intervention.Methods:Two recruitment strategies, print media and personal contact, targeted health-care professionals and the general public.Results:The strategies generated 581 inquiries; 163 were randomized into the study. Advertising to the general public via print materials and group presentations accounted for 78% of the total inquiries. Referrals from physicians and health-care professionals resulted in 22% of the inquiries.Conclusion:Mass distribution of print material to the general public, enhanced by in-person contact, was the most effective recruitment strategy. These findings suggest various recruitment strategies targeting the general population should be employed.

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Sajfutdinow, M., K. Uhlig, A. Prager, C. Schneider, B. Abel, and D. M. Smith. "Nanoscale patterning of self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-functionalised substrates with single molecule contact printing." Nanoscale 9, no. 39 (2017): 15098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr03696e.

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BOHLIN, ERIK, CAISA JOHANNSON, and MAGNUS LESTELIUS. "Flexographic ink-coating interactions: effects of latex variations in coating layers." April 2016 15, no. 4 (May 1, 2016): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj15.4.253.

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The effect of coating structure variations on flexographic print quality was studied using pilot-coated paperboard samples with different latex content and latex particle sizes. Two latexes, with particle sizes of 120 nm and 160 nm, were added at either 12 parts per hundred (pph) or 18 pph to the coating formulation. The samples were printed with full tone areas at print forces of 25 N and 50 N in a laboratory flexographic printing press using a waterbased ink. A high ratio of uncovered areas (UCAs) could be detected for the samples that contained 18 pph latex printed at a print force of 25 N. UCAs decreased with increased print force and with decreased amounts of latex in the coating formulation. The fraction of latex covered area on the coating surface was estimated to be 0.35–0.40 for the 12 pph, and 0.70–0.75 for the 18 pph samples. The ink penetration depth into the coating layer could be linked to the fraction of latex-free areas on the coating surface. Optical cross section microscopy indicated that a higher printing force did not increase the depth of penetrated ink to any greater extent. Higher printing force did increase contact between plate and substrate, leading to an improved distribution of the ink. This, in turn, increased print density and decreased UCAs. On closer inspection, the UCAs could be categorized as being induced by steep topographic changes. When appearing at other locations, they were more likely to be caused by poor wetting of the surface. To understand the wetting behavior of the coating surface, observed contact angles were compared with calculated contact angles on surfaces of mixed composition.

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Levchenko, Marina, Alena Sazhyna, Nina Skitina, and Veronika Shabanova. "Distant contact in the English-language discourse of the print media." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 16020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021016020.

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Technological progress is making changes in all areas of our life, including interaction between people. Information is available thanks to various means, which make it possible to express an opinion in the so-called distant dialogue. In this sense, the discourse of the print media is not an exception, its participants come into contact and exchange opinions with a delay in time. The specifics of such a dialogue requires careful analysis in order to clarify the mechanisms of this kind of interaction, as well as the language means of contact in the press. Contact mechanisms and its language features are not studied well enough as readers have been able to send their responses to this or that article only recently. The developed methodology was tested on the material from the British newspaper “The Guardian”. As a result, the authors have identified the external and internal dialogical structure in the discourse of the print media, as well as a set of language means of distant contact in the discourse. Moreover, understanding the distant dialogue nature helps to manage successful communication and can be used at practical classes in linguistics to develop students' skills in article and response writing and modeling dialogue situations.

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Suhor, Charles, and Deborah Little. "VISUAL LITERACY AND PRINT LITERACY‐THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND POINTS OF CONTACT." Reading Psychology 9, no. 4 (October 1988): 469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0270271880090412.

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Kaneko, Arata, Yuuki Miyazaki, and Tatsuya Goto. "Transfer-Print of CNTs and its Application to Cell Scaffold." International Journal of Automation Technology 11, no. 6 (October 31, 2017): 941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2017.p0941.

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A bio-chip using cultured cells is developed for an application to drug screening. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a candidate for this electrode material. A transfer-prints is expected to be a CNT-patterning technique applicable to soft material. This present paper is intended to show some basic properties about the transfer-print of CNTs, and also to demonstrate the possibility of the CNTs as a cell scaffold. The present study prepared several types of surface-modified Si substrate with different wettability to investigate the effects of wettability on the transferring ratio of CNTs. Some Si substrates are terminated by OH or H groups, while other substrates are coated with hydrophobic or hydrophilic self-assembled monolayers. The stamps for transfer-print, which have circular dots (50-μm diameter) or a straight ridge (50-μm width) array, are fabricated using poly-dimethyl-siloxane (PDMS). The surfaces of PDMS stamps are inked by single-walled CNTs by a pre-transferring or casting process. The transfer-prints to surface-modified Si surfaces allow the CNTs to be formed in lines of several tens of micrometers, while the coverage of transfer-printed CNTs is also dominated by surface wettability. The coverage of transfer-printed CNTs increases with the water contact angle of the Si surface. It is reasonable that the transfer-print of CNTs is performed by hydrophobic interactions. Meanwhile, two kinds of polymer (polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) sheets are also utilized as a substrate. The transfer-prints with heating around the softening point of the polymer allow CNTs to be accurately patterned into an array of 50-μm dots. The coverage of CNTs is 94% on the PET substrate. The PS sheet with patterned CNTs is applied to a cell scaffold. PC12 cells are cultured on the PS sheets so that the cells are selectively adhered to the transfer-printed CNTs. The adhered cells are extended with some pseudopods. It is demonstrated that the transfer-printed CNTs are expected to be electrodes of the cell scaffold.

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Barrios, Juan M., and Pablo E. Romero. "Improvement of Surface Roughness and Hydrophobicity in PETG Parts Manufactured via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): An Application in 3D Printed Self–Cleaning Parts." Materials 12, no. 15 (August 6, 2019): 2499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152499.

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The fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique is used today by companies engaged in the fabrication of traffic signs for the manufacture of light-emitting diode LED spotlights. In this sector, the surface properties of the elements used (surface finish, hydrophobic features) are decisive because surfaces that retain little dirt and favor self–cleaning behavior are needed. A design of experiments (L27) with five factors and three levels has been carried out. The factors studied were: Layer height (LH), print temperature (T), print speed (PS), print acceleration (PA), and flow rate (F). Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) specimens of 25.0 × 25.0 × 2.4 mm have been printed and, in each of them, the surface roughness (Ra,0, Ra,90), sliding angle (SA0, SA90), and contact angle (CA0, CA90) in both perpendicular directions have been measured. Taguchi and ANOVA analysis shows that the most influential variables in this case are printing acceleration for Ra, 0 (p–value = 0.052) and for SA0 (p–value = 0.051) and flow rate for Ra, 90 (p–value = 0.001) and for SA90 (p–value = 0.012). Although the ANOVA results for the contact angle are not significant, specimen 8 (PA = 1500 mm/s2 and flow rate F = 110%) and specimen 10 (PA =1500 mm/s2 and F = 100%) have reached contact angle values above or near the limit value for hydrophobia, respectively.

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Villevieille, Lia. "Votos." Magic, Vol. 5, no. 1 (2020): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m8.037.1.pro.

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An ex-voto is a votive offering to invisible forces, mainly given in fulfilment of a vow after being healed. It often takes form in the mold of the wounded member, a print that has been directly in contact with the body of the helped. This cyanotype was made with a radiography of my sick lungs, and plants I found dead in an exploited forest. In this photograph, I link the wounded wilderness – the French call forests “Earth lungs” – with my wounded lungs. Since Magic involves using analogies to weave links between a representation and its object in order to affect it, what kind of magic system is invoked when we summon action with contact prints? I tied this photograph to the terrible arsons devastating Amazonia, and more recently Australia, echoing with the disastrous impacts of global changes on the fragile balance of Earth life.

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Li, Hong Tao, Yu Li Shao, and Bao Liang Wang. "Approach for Quantitative Express of Tire’s Foot Print." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.652.

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With special design and manufacture instruments, foot print of used truck tires under different combinations of vehicle load was studied in this paper. The load factor is studied in terms of wheel load and tire inflation pressure. Based on the experimental data, approach for quantitative expression of foot print is also researched. Thus, the behavior of tire-pavement contact can be quantitatively expressed The area of the tire’s footprint should be calculated with different equations varying with the kinds of pavement, and critical change point of the tire’s footprint shape should be decided with load factor varying with the kinds of pavements.

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Aydemir, Cem, Semiha Yenidoğan, Arif Karademir, and Emine Arman Kandirmaz. "The examination of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks’ effects on print quality: Green printing effects with different oils." Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials 16, no. 3 (April 4, 2018): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2280800018764761.

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Introduction: Printing inks oil selection is related to the desired nature of the varnish in the ink production. Petroleum-derived mineral oils and vegetable oils can be used in offset inks. Methods: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on uncoated and coated paper surfaces were investigated in terms of printability. Solid tone test prints were done with offset printing of these inks. Print gloss of the printed samples was measured and a light fastness test was implemented on these samples in order to determine the resistance to fading. Absorption behavior and contact angles of the ink-printed films on the test papers were measured with the sessile water drop method depending on time, and surface energies were calculated. Results: On both paper types, linseed–soybean oil-based vegetable ink gave the highest brightness value. The lowest print gloss results on the paper were obtained from soybean oil-based inks. The lowest color change was recorded with mineral oil-based inks on gloss-coated papers. According to the ink-film–surface relation, when the contact angle is high, surface energy decreases and the absorbency of the ink-film is lower. Conclusions: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on different paper surfaces, and the effect on the quality of printability as well as differences, have been evaluated, taking environmental and health factors into consideration.

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Enser, Herbert, Christina Offenzeller, Marcel Knoll, Wolfgang Hilber, and Bernhard Jakoby. "Capacitive Contact Sensor on an Elastic Polymer Sheet." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (December 13, 2018): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2131515.

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There is an increasing need for embedded sensors integrated into parts and mechanical components, which are often polymer based. We investigated a solution to print capacitive sensors onto elastic polymer sheets to monitor the physical contact with other adjacent components. The capacitive sensors are oriented in an array across the surface of said sheet to monitor the contact and the distance to a neighboring electrically conductive object. In the particularly investigated setup, the sheet is embedded between to metallic (aluminum) plates and the capacitance of the sensor is changed due to the compression of the dielectric material between the interdigital fingers constituting the sensor.

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Feder, R., and V. Mayne-Banton. "X-Ray Contact Imaging: the Technique." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100119764.

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Until recently, instruments used to image small biological objects directly have involved the use of light microscopy or electron microscopy. Presently, the use of x-rays has emerged as another probe to investigate details in biological specimens. X-rays can be used either by using an x-ray “lens”, which will be discussed by others at this symposium or by a direct contact “print” of the object on a special emulsion. This latter method is what will be discussed in this paper.The object to be ‘photographed’ is prepared on a substrate and then placed in contact with a resist such as poly- methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). This polymer has the property that when it is exposed to x-rays and then placed in a solution of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) it will 'develop’ depending on the number of x-ray photons absorbed in the PMMA. This three dimensional relief structure is actually a photon density map of the specimen.

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IRII, Toshiki, Masaya KOU, Yousuke TSUKIYAMA, Isami NITTA, Tomoko WAUKE, and Hirotoshi TERAO. "Simulation of Contact Heat Transfer between Thermal Print Head and Belt in Printer." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2017 (2017): G1110101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2017.g1110101.

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Warshaw, Erin M., Solveig L. Hagen, Donald V. Belsito, Joel G. DeKoven, Howard I. Maibach, C. G. Toby Mathias, Kathryn A. Zug, et al. "Occupational Contact Dermatitis in North American Print Machine Operators Referred for Patch Testing." Dermatitis 28, no. 3 (2017): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000269.

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Williams, David M., George D. Papandonatos, Melissa A. Napolitano, Beth A. Lewis, Jessica A. Whiteley, and Bess H. Marcus. "Perceived Enjoyment Moderates the Efficacy of an Individually Tailored Physical Activity Intervention." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 28, no. 3 (September 2006): 300–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.28.3.300.

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Given the decreased rate of morbidity and mortality associated with physical activity, understanding the factors that enhance the efficacy of physical activity interventions is a priority. The present study examined the moderating effect of baseline enjoyment of physical activity on the efficacy of a physical activity intervention. Participants were 238 healthy low-active adults enrolled in Project STRIDE, a randomized, controlled, clinical trial comparing individually tailored print and telephone interventions to a contact control. Results indicated a significant interaction between intervention assignment (telephone or print intervention vs. contact control) and baseline enjoyment on physical activity at 6 months, as measured by the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall (z = 2.44, p < .05). These results indicate that our motivationally tailored physical activity promotion program may be more effective among individuals reporting greater enjoyment of physical activity at baseline, and suggest that attention be paid to designing programs that can be effective for participants who report lower levels of physical activity enjoyment.

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Rudkowski, Janice L., Gregory R. Pond, Alain Tremblay, Michael Johnston, Glen Goss, Garth Nicholas, Simon Martel, et al. "Trial marketing in the Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer Study." Clinical Trials 17, no. 2 (January 2, 2020): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774519895966.

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Background: Recruitment to clinical trials is suboptimal, increasing costs, and delaying the potential implementation of clinical advances. Among other barriers, the lack of marketing experience among trialists may limit recruitment. In this observational study, in the context of the Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer Trial, we assessed the value of a motivational survey of study participants in planning a tailored advertising campaign and analysed the value of individual components of advertising in generating telephone calls to the study and recruited subjects. Methods: The Pan-Canadian Early Detection of Lung Cancer Trial was a single arm study assessing risk modelling for lung cancer screening by low-dose computed tomography scan and autofluorescence bronchoscopy. Individuals were recruited to eight sites across Canada without a central marketing plan. On contact with the study, individuals reported how they heard about the study according to a predefined list. One site, the Juravinski Cancer Centre, worked with a marketing expert to develop a survey to assess participant motivations, source of study awareness, and personal habits. The survey was used to develop a media campaign for recruitment. Media events were collected from all sites. The primary analysis assessed the number of telephone contacts and recruited subjects associated with various media factors. Individual print media characteristics were assessed for their effect on recruitment. Results: At all sites, 7059 individuals contacted the study, and 2537 were eligible and recruited. Among 52 individuals completing the Juravinski Cancer Centre survey, motivation included concern for personal risk of lung cancer (71%), followed by desire to contribute to a cure (67%), followed by personal knowledge of a person with lung cancer (50%). Most reported hearing of the study from the newspaper (58%) despite no print ad yet being distributed. With survey input, a newsprint campaign was executed. The number of media events varied by site (median: 13, range: 3–28). Among all recruits, 56.4% reported referral by newspaper followed by family/friend (14%). Telephone contacts and recruited subjects per event varied significantly by site, while unpaid media events appeared superior to paid events. Print media characteristics associated with increased telephone contacts and recruitment included use of a rational appeal (vs a mixed rational–emotional), less use of white space, and larger headline font. Conclusion: A survey of trial candidates provides useful information regarding personal motivation, media use, and lifestyle. Unpaid media events appear superior in generating recruitment, while print media may be superior to radio and television in selecting eligible recruits. The utility of individual print media characteristics appears to differ from the commercial advertising literature. Further research on marketing in clinical trials is encouraged to improve recruitment ( ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT00751660, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00751660 ).

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Zhang, Hai Yan, He Ping Hou, Jun Feng Si, and Xiao Yu Chen. "Parameter Study of Offset Press Cylinder Based on Sliding Friction." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.299.

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In the contact area of offset, a relative slide occurs between the surface of plate cylinder and blanket cylinder, which changes the print image and influences the printing quality. The relative slide in the cylinders’ rolling process is investigated, and the determination rule of cylinders’ geometric parameters of offset press is proposed. The results show that the relative slide is minimization under the condition that the compression of elastic cylinder radius is 0.2 times bigger than that of rigid cylinder radius, and the deformation of print image and dot gain both are minimization. The results provide theoretical direction for accurate determination of cylinder radius of offset press.

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Smart, Rachel. "What Is an Institutional Repository to Do? Implementing Open Access Harvesting Workflows." Publications 7, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/publications7020037.

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In 2016, Florida State University adopted an institutional Open Access policy, and the library staff were tasked with implementing an outreach plan to contact authors and collect publication post-prints. In 2018, I presented at Open Repositories in Bozeman to share our workflow, methods, and results with the repository community. This workflow utilizes both restricted and open source methods of obtaining and creating research metadata and reaching out to authors to make their work more easily accessible and citable. Currently, post-print deposits added using this workflow are still in the double digits for each year since 2016. Like many institutions before us, participation rates of article deposit in the institutional repository are low and it may be too early in the implementation of this workflow to expect a real change in faculty participation.

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IKEGAMI, Munetoshi. "Analysis of contact pressure of a thermal print head using the generalized Maxwell model." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.4 (2003): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.4.0_191.

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Mulimani, Veerappa H., Kulkarni Sudheendra, and Ashok P. Giri. "Detection of legume protease inhibitors by the Gel-X-ray film contact print technique." Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 30, no. 1 (January 2002): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmb.2002.494030010042.

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Piasta, Shayne B., Laura M. Justice, Anita S. McGinty, and Joan N. Kaderavek. "Increasing Young Children’s Contact With Print During Shared Reading: Longitudinal Effects on Literacy Achievement." Child Development 83, no. 3 (April 17, 2012): 810–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01754.x.

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Zhang, Runzhe, Yi Yang, Eric Maggard, Yousun Bang, Minki Cho, and Jan Allebach. "A comprehensive system for analyzing the presence of print quality defects." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 9 (January 26, 2020): 314–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.9.iqsp-314.

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Print quality (PQ) is most important in the printing industry. It plays a role in users’ satisfaction with their products. Page quality will be degraded when there are print quality defects on the printed page, which could be caused by the electrophotographic printer (EP) process and associated print mechanism. To identify the print quality issue, customers have to consult a printer user manual or contact customer service to describe the problems. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive system to analyze the printed page automatically and extract the important defect features to determine the type and severity of defects on the scanned page. This system incorporates many of our previous works. The input of this system is the master digital image and the scanned image of the printed page. The comprehensive system includes three modules: the region of interest (ROI) extraction module, the scanned image pre-processing module (image alignment and color calibration procedure), and the print defect analysis module (text fading detection, color fading detection, streak detection, and banding detection). This system analyzes the scanned images based on different ROIs, and each ROI will produce a printer defect feature vector. The final output is the whole feature vector including all the ROI feature vectors of the printed page, and this feature vector will be uploaded to customer service to analyze the printer defect.

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Jurgaitytė, Irma. "The expression of humour in print advertising." Lietuvių kalba, no. 11 (December 20, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2017.22549.

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By means of any communication of advertising, it is striven to draw an addressee’s attention, to interest him/her, and, finally, to determine the self-determination to purchase the item or to use the advertised service. In order to achieve the aim, humour is often used. This is an ability to notice funny phenomena of reality, gaiety, tolerant, without hurting derision: being a specific means of communication, it creates a pleasant and positive microclimate of communication. In the advertisements of emotional nature it is not attempted to present constructive and logically grounded information, but it is appealed to a person’s emotions. The language of emotions is close to spoken language, so spoken language actualized in the texts of advertising creates the illusion of direct contact and personality, enhances the interest and promotes an addressee to react. The article analyses linguistic humour expression of print advertising. The descriptive and semantic analysis methods employed in the research helped to analyse and discuss the characteristic means of spoken language which are used to create quips, language plays. It was determined that in print advertising the situation of dialogue is actualized. It is supported with words denoting emotions inherent to spoken language – such words are unexpected and so often witty. The expression of humour is different, but often the usual lexical means are employed: diminutives, neologisms, and jargons. Humour is usually created on the basis of word play, personification and irony, it is often strengthened with silent language – non-verbal language elements covering postures, grimaces, and colours.

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Michel, Konrad, Conrad Frey, Kathrin Wyss, and Ladislav Valach. "An Exercise in Improving Suicide Reporting in Print Media." Crisis 21, no. 2 (March 2000): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.21.2.71.

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This study was conducted to support the publication of guidelines for media reporting on suicide. First, quantitative and qualitative aspects of suicide reporting in Swiss print media were surveyed over a time span of 8 months. The results were presented at a national press conference, and written guidelines for suicide reporting were sent out to all newspaper editors. The results of the survey and the guidelines were discussed in a personal meeting with the Editor-in-Chief of the main tabloid. After the publication of the guidelines a second, identical survey was conducted. The main variables regarding frequency, form, and content of the newspaper reports before and after the press conference were compared. The number of articles, on the one hand, increased over the 3 years between the first and second survey, but the quality of reporting clearly improved on the other. The personal contact with the editor of the tabloid was probably the most effective means of intervention.

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Benedetti, Angela, Pier Gabriele Molari, and Piero Morelli. "Fracture Initiation and Propagation in Fatigue Contact Loading of AA6082 Aluminium Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 1091–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.1091.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on surface contact fatigue of AA6082 aluminium alloy. After testing, microscopy analysis of the specimen contact area shows plastic deformation at the centre and circumferential cracks at the very edge of the print. Major cracks develop at a certain depth under the border of the contact area and propagate beneath the surface, in the direction of both the centre of contact and the lateral free edge of the specimens. No cracks have been observed at the centre of contact, neither on the surface, nor inside the material. Tensile properties of the alloy have been measured and a non linear finite element analysis has been performed in order to calculate the field of deformation and stress in the contact zone. Finally, stress intensities are correlated with the crack initiation points and an interpretation of the propagation paths, in regard to stress distribution, is given.

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Potts, Sarah-Jane, Chris Phillips, Tim Claypole, and Eifion Jewell. "The Effect of Carbon Ink Rheology on Ink Separation Mechanisms in Screen-Printing." Coatings 10, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10101008.

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Screen-printable carbon-based inks are available in a range of carbon morphologies and concentrations, resulting in various rheological profiles. There are challenges in obtaining a good print when high loading and elasticity functional inks are used, with a trade-off often required between functionality and printability. There is a limited understanding of how ink rheology influences the ink deposition mechanism during screen-printing, which then affects the print topography and therefore electrical performance. High speed imaging was used with a screen-printing simulation apparatus to investigate the effect of viscosity of a graphite and carbon-black ink at various levels of solvent dilution on the deposition mechanisms occurring during screen-printing. With little dilution, the greater relative volume of carbon in the ink resulted in a greater tendency towards elastic behavior than at higher dilutions. During the screen-printing process this led to the ink splitting into filaments while remaining in contact with both the mesh and substrate simultaneously over a greater horizonal length. The location of separating filaments corresponded with localized film thickness increases in the print, which led to a higher surface roughness (Sz). This method could be used to make appropriate adjustments to ink rheology to overcome print defects related to poor ink separation.

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Izdebska-Podsiadły, Joanna. "Effect of Plasma Surface Modification on Print Quality of Biodegradable PLA Films." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 8245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178245.

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PLA films, as non-absorbent materials, require modification of the surface before the printing process in order to improve the wettability of the substrate and to obtain proper ink adhesion to the substrate. In this paper, the surfaces of two kinds of PLA films were modified using plasma activation with parameters enabling high surface free energy (SFE) values, and then the films were printed on using different kinds of flexographic inks. Two gases, oxygen and argon, were used for activation, as these make it possible to obtain good hydrophilicity and high SFE values while having different effects on the roughness, or the degree of surface etching. Plasma-activated films were subsequently subjected to the measurements of: contact angle with water, diiodomethane and three printing inks, roughness, weight change, strength properties, color and gloss change, and SFE was determined. Unmodified and activated films were flexographically printed in laboratory conditions and then the quality of obtained prints was analyzed. The results showed a strong effect of activation with both oxygen and argon plasma on the SFE value of the films and the contact angles of water and inks, with the gas used for plasma activation and the type of film significantly influencing the thickness of the fused ink layer and the resultant color. Moreover, plasma activation had a especially favorable and significant effect on the quality of prints made with water-based inks, while it had little effect when printing with solvent-based inks.

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Ong, Jin, and William C. Wyatt. "Difference between Long-Term Contact-Lens Wearers and Nonwearers in Amplitude of the Return-Sweep Velocity of Eye Movements during Reading." Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 2 (October 1994): 776–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.2.776.

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A Beckman Type RM Dynograph was used to record eye movements of 31 college students, 23 of whom had never worn contact lenses and 8 who had worn contact lenses for at least five years and 12 hours a day, while reading equivalent print at a distance of 33 cm. Analysis showed that the deviation indexes of .28 and .26 were comparable, meaning that these two groups showed similar return-sweep velocity amplitudes. A difference of 1.73 mm/.1 sec. between these two group means, 6.79 vs 5.06, respectively, was significant, implying that, while wearing contact lenses improved visual efficiency, it adversely affected reading speed. Further, other tasks involving rapid scanning such as scanning the roadway ahead while driving might similarly be affected.

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HAMADA, HITOMI, and DOUGLAS W. BOUSFIELD. "Nanofibrillated cellulose as a coating agent to improve print quality of synthetic fiber sheets." November 2010 9, no. 11 (December 1, 2010): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj9.11.25.

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To determine the potential of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) for use as a coating material, we studied the characteristics of several NFC-coated samples on a synthetic fiber sheet. We used two water-based printing methods to characterize the change in print quality and prepared two types of NFC by two different physical treatment methods. Various coat weights were applied onto synthetic fiber sheets, and the printability of the coated sheets was evaluated by ink absorption rates and print density. Ink pigment penetration was characterized with a confocal laser scanning microscope and a scanning electron microscope, with chemical analysis of samples using focused ion beam. The contact angle and the ink penetration rates decreased with increased coat weight of NFC. This result is the opposite of what the Lucas-Washburn equation would predict. For pigment-based flexographic inks, ink pigments were captured at the NFC layer. For dye-based inks, the ink components penetrated and moved through the NFC-coated layer. For ink-jet printing, the print quality improved with the NFC coating.

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IKEGAMI, Munetoshi, Isami NITTA, and Hirotoshi TERAO. "707 The basic research of contact mechanisms for thermal print head of dye-sublimation printer." Proceedings of Conference of Hokuriku-Shinetsu Branch 2005.42 (2005): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehs.2005.42.237.

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NITTA, Isami, Hirotoshi TERAO, and Takuya SESHITA. "Analysis of Contact Pressure Acting on a Thermal Print Head of a Thermal Transfer Printer." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 70, no. 693 (2004): 1482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.70.1482.

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IKEGAMI, Munetoshi, Isami NITTA, and Hirotoshi TERAO. "Analysis of Contact Pressure Acting on a Thermal Print Head of a Dye Sublimation Printer." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 74, no. 738 (2008): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.74.439.

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Nitta, Isami, and Hirotoshi TERAO. "Analysis of contact pressure acting on a thermal print head of a thermal transfer printer." Proceedings of the Machine Design and Tribology Division meeting in JSME 2003.3 (2003): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemdt.2003.3.173.

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NITTA, Isami, and Hirotoshi TERAO. "Analysis of contact pressure acting on a thermal print head of a thermal transfer printer." Proceedings of the Conference on Information, Intelligence and Precision Equipment : IIP 2004 (2004): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeiip.2004.21.

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Zīle, Aelita. "POSSIBILITIES OF RECOVERY AND VISUALIZATION OF LATENT PAPILLAE PATTERN PRINTS FROM THE SKIN OF A DEAD PERSON. RESULTS OF A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS." Administrative and Criminal Justice 3, no. 80 (September 30, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v3i80.2784.

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The aim of the experiment conducted by the author was to research and analyse the possibilities of leaving of latent papillae pattern prints on the skin of a dead person by natural sweat and grease substance, possibilities of transferring of them to papillae pattern prints (trace-leaving object) from other parts of the body without additional sweat and grease substance, as well as possibilities of recovery and visualization of these prints using combinations of different adhesive reagents and reagents used for their recovery. In the framework of a series of experiments 1419 latent papillae pattern prints were deposited onto the skin of 43 dead persons. 33 of them were men aged 25 to 81 years and 10 women aged 37 to 95 years. Experimental papillae pattern prints were deposited onto such parts of the body: neck, shoulders, upper arm and forearm, thigh and shin, ankles, chest, abdomen and hips. Prints were deposited by simulating the mechanism of formation of grip and pressure prints. The length of the contact was from 10 to 180 seconds. Depositing them the variable crushing force was used. After visualization and recovery of experimentally deposited latent papillae pattern prints 37 of them were recognized as valid for person identification, 66 prints contained papillae patterns, but there were not enough special features of papillae pattern to recognize them as valid for person identification. Shape of finger phalanges and palm was reflected in 202 prints, but 1114 experimentally deposited prints were not visible. The summary of the results obtained during the experiment let to conclude that the most papillae pattern prints valid for person identification were deposited onto the left and right side of the chest – 18 prints, onto the knee part of the right and the left leg – 6 prints, but onto the right and left upper arm – 3 prints. Swedish Black B-421000 and White silicone with paste hardener C-1400 (21 prints valid for person identification), Special Blower Black B-35000 and Gelatin Lifters White (FOMA) (9 prints valid for person identification), Swedish Black B-421000 and Gelatin Lifters White (FOMA) (4 prints valid for person identification were recognized as the best combinations of adhesive reagents and reagents used for recovery. The results obtained during the experiment also let to conclude that: - Microrelief of the skin (trace-perceiving object) does not always have an impact on the quality of a print; - A victim’s age and gender do not affect the quality of a print; - There is no particular proportionality between the number of deposited prints and the number of prints valid for identification.

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Driscoll, HL, JC Christensen, and AF Tencer. "Contact characteristics of the ankle joint. Part 1. The normal joint." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 84, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-84-10-491.

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The contact characteristics of ankle joints in 18 fresh cadaver specimens were studied by using pressure-sensitive film to provide baseline information for subsequent studies of various pathologic ankle conditions. Specimens, consisting of the distal half of the tibia and fibula and the intact ankle and foot, were mounted in a materials testing system on a loading frame that allowed positioning in neutral, and 20 degrees of plantarflexion and dorsiflexion. An 800 N load (1 body weight) was axially applied to the specimens through the tibia with 10% of the total load distributed through the fibula. Transducers made of pressure-sensitive film were used to make a contact print and were scanned along with calibration strips to form a digital image. The image was analyzed quantitatively to determine total contact area, mean contact pressure, ratio of contact to plafond areas, and high pressure zone centroid location as a function of sagittal plane foot position in the normal ankle joint. The results demonstrated significant changes in ankle joint contact characteristics with different foot positions.

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MOLLAMAHMUTOGLU, C., S. GANAPATHI, and J. K. GOOD. "Pressures on webs in wound rolls due to winding and contact." February 2014 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/10.32964/tj13.2.41.

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Paper, film, and metallic webs have designed surfaces. Process engineers design these surfaces to ensure they will coat or print correctly. In some cases, such as tissue, the manufactured surface is designed to provide softness. After the web is formed, care must be taken to maintain the web surface for the intended use or for subsequent processing. Web surfaces can be damaged by contact pressure, which is due to multiple sources. Tissues can suffer decreased loft and softness as a result of excessive pressure. Winding webs into rolls creates pressure on each web layer that varies with radial location. Almost all high speed winders must employ a nip roller in contact with the outer surface of the winding roll to prevent air entrainment. The nip roller, which may or may not be covered with an elastomer, induces local dynamic pressures where it contacts the winding roll that travel at the surface velocity of the winding roll. After rolls are wound, they can witness additional surface contact pressure. Often rolls are stored on flat surfaces and the dead weight of the roll induces contact pressure. In other cases, the roll may be moved by a clamp truck that employs hydraulic pressure to clamp and lift the wound roll. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a method by which the total pressure in a web due to winding and to contact can be determined. Wound rolls of newsprint and polyester will be subjected to compression tests to verify the method.

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Cordoba-Erazo, Maria F., and Thomas M. Weller. "Non-contact characterization of printed resistors." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 000932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-thp56.

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In this work we demonstrate the use of a high resolution non-contact scanning microwave microscope for characterization of printed resistors. The resonant microwave probe operates at a frequency of 5.73 GHz and it is based on a dielectric resonator coupled to a gold-coated tungsten tip with radius of 200 μm protruding from a cavity wall. Direct print additive manufacturing was used to produce the resistive films. Non-contact measurements of the resonant frequency fr and quality factor Q of the resonant microwave probe at a standoff distance of 20 μm were performed. Quality factor images were obtained over a scan area of 160 μm × 1670 μm in steps of 10 μm. Measurements reveal that Q varies from 214 to 233 over the studied region. In this work, variations in Q are associated with non-uniformities on the resistor surface. The quality factor of the probe was also acquired as a function of the tip-sample distance and measured data was fitted to a polynomial equation. We converted Q images to sheet resistance images using the polynomial equation and the material resistivity (400 Ω/sq/mil). Using the proposed approach, we found that the average sheet resistance over the scan area is Rs = 1027 W/sq and that Rs variations up to 662 Ω/sq, due to non-uniformities in the resistor's thickness, were detected by the microwave microscope. The localized microwave characterization capability demonstrated by the non-contact microscope could be of interest for defect detection in printed microwave circuits.

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Saussy, Haun. "Macaronics as What Eludes Translation." Paragraph 38, no. 2 (July 2015): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2015.0159.

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‘Translation’ is one of our all-purpose metaphors for almost any kind of mediation or connection: we ask of a principle how it ‘translates’ into practice, we announce initiatives to ‘translate’ the genome into predictions, and so forth. But the metaphor of translation — of the discovery of equivalents and their mutual substitution — so attracts our attention that we forget the other kinds of inter-linguistic contact, such as transcription, mimicry, borrowing or calque. In a curious echo of the macaronic writings of the era of the dawn of print, the twentieth century's avant-garde, already foreseeing the end of print culture, experimented with hybrid languages. Their untranslatability under the usual definitions of ‘translation’ suggests a revival of this avant-garde practice, as the mainstream aesthetic of the moment invests in ‘convergence’ and the subsumption of all media into digital code.

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Actoṅ, T. A. "The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Prepares to Act Against Anti-Gypsy Violence." Nationalities Papers 23, no. 2 (June 1995): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999508408393.

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The Organization (Conference) on Security and Co-operation in Europe has just held a meeting in Budapest which was widely touted as a flop for its failure to achieve agreement on Bosnia. Its only reported action was to change its own name to “Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.” But, tucked away in the small print of the final document (paragraphs 25-6), is a resolution to appoint within the Office for Development of International Human Rights (OCJIHR) “a contact point for Roma and Sinti (Gypsy) issues.” This will act as a clearing-house for information, facilitate contacts between state and international and non-governmental organizations, working closely with Gypsy organizations. What this will mean in practice is not yet clear; but those who have pushed for this development have a clear agenda.

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Ho, Jiajer, Te-Chun Wu, Jyh-Jier Ho, Chih-Hsiang Hung, Sung-Yu Chen, Jia-Show Ho, Song-Yeu Tsai, Chau-Chang Chou, and Chi-Hsiao Yeh. "Rear-surface line-contact optimization using screen-print techniques on crystalline solar cells for industrial applications." Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 83 (August 2018): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2018.03.037.

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GIGAC, JURAJ, MIROSLAVA KASAJOVÁ, and MONIKA STANKOVSKÁ. "The influence of paper surface energy on multicolor offset print mottling." February 2014 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj13.2.55.

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An evaluation of a series of commercial uncoated, semimatte, and glossy coated woodfree papers for the multicolor sheet-fed offset press is presented. This study is aimed at better understanding of mutual influences of surface free energy, paper surface roughness, and fountain solution on print mottling occurring in full-scale printing conditions. Each paper has unique structure in terms of surface roughness, porosity, and surface energy that are the result of manufacturing technology. At the point of contact of liquid with paper, the surface dynamic process of liquid absorption by paper occurs, involving phenomena such as wetting, penetration, diffusion, and swelling. Mottling of colored surface printed by cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks copied the surface roughness of coated paper. Mottling in the second, third, and fourth printing units showed deviation from mottling in the first printing unit, depending on surface free energy of paper and on the frequency of paper-surface wetting by fountain solution before and after printing.

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Feng, James, Anthony Loveland, and Michael Renn. "Aerosol Jet Direct Writing Polymer-Thick-Film Resistors for Printed Electronics." Journal of Surface Mount Technology 34, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37665/smt.v34i1.13.

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To improve performance and reduce size of printed-circuit board (PCB) in electronics industry, embedding discrete components within a board substrate has been an effective approach by reducing solder joints and their associated impedance mismatching, inductive reactance, etc. With its unique capabilities for non-contact precision material deposition, the Aerosol Jet® direct-write technology has been enabling additive manufacturing of fine-feature electronics conformally onto flexible substrates of complicated shapes. The CAD/CAM controlled relative motions between substrate and print head allows convenient adjustment of the pattern and pile height of deposited material at a given ink volumetric deposition rate. To date in the printed electronics industry, additively printing embedded polymer-thick-film (PTF) resistors has mostly been done with screen printing using carbon-based paste inks. Here we demonstrate results of Aerosol Jet® printed PTF resistors of resistance values ranging from ~50 W to > 1 kW, adjustable (among several variable parameters) by the number of stacked layers (or print passes with each pass depositing a fixed amount of ink) between contact pads of around 1 mm apart with footprint line typically < 0.3 mm. In principle, any ink material that can be atomized into fine droplets of 1 to 5 microns can be printed with the Aerosol Jet® system. However, the print quality such as line edge cleanliness can significantly influenced by ink rheology which involves solvent volatility, solids loading, and so on. Our atomizable carbon ink was made by simply diluting a screen printing paste with a compatible solvent of reasonable volatility, which can be cured at temperatures below 200 oC. We show that Aerosol Jet® printed overlapping lines can be stacked to large pile height (to reduce the resistance value) without significant increase of line width, which enables fabricating embedded resistors with adjustable resistance values in a limited footprint space.

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Coogan, Timothy J., and David Owen Kazmer. "Bond and part strength in fused deposition modeling." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-03-2016-0050.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors governing bond strength in fused deposition modeling (FDM) compared to strength in the fiber direction. Design/methodology/approach Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) boxes with the thickness of a single fiber were made at different platform and nozzle temperatures, print speeds, fiber widths and layer heights to produce multiple specimens for measuring the strength. Findings Specimens produced with the fibers oriented in the tensile direction had 95 per cent of the strength of the constitutive filament. Bond strengths ranged from 40 to 85 per cent of the filament strength dependent on the FDM processing conditions. Diffusion, wetting and intimate contact all separately affect bond strength. Practical implications This study provides processing recommendations for producing the strongest FDM parts. The needs for higher nozzle temperatures and more robust feed motors are described; these recommendations can be useful for companies producing FDM products as well as companies designing FDM printers. Originality/value This is the first study that discusses wetting and intimate contact separately in FDM, and the results suggest that a fundamental, non-empirical model for predicting FDM bond strength can be developed based on healing models. Additionally, the role of equilibration time at the start of extrusion as well as a motor torque limitation while trying to print at high speeds are described.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Contact print'

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