Relevant bibliographies by topics / Consumption of bulk materials

Academic literature on the topic 'Consumption of bulk materials'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Ishkov, Alexander D., Dmitri A. Semernin, Svjatoslav V. Miloradov, and Irina V. Voronina. "Energy-Efficient Technology Supply Bulk Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 741 (March 2015): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.500.

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Submission materials are the main manufacturing operation in the industry. It largely determines the quality parameters of products. Mechanization and automation of bulk material supply operation in the process eliminates human error and improves the product quality. This work was aimed at finding technical solutions that the reduction of specific energy consumption and enhance the reliability of the vibrating and pneumatic feeders. The article describes the developed the authors vibratory and pneumatic feeders.
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Ishkov, Alexander D., Alexander V. Stepanov, Svjatoslav V. Miloradov, and Irina V. Voronina. "Energy-Efficient Vibratory Feeder of Bulk Construction Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.458.

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Any processing of bulk materials requires their moving and uniform feed (dosage). On this depends the quality and efficiency of many technological processes. For uniform and controlled supply of bulk, materials for transporting or processing machines use feeders. Among feeders in recent years, an increasing distribution received disk vibrating feeders, which are characterized by small size, without moving parts, prostate, reliability, accuracy and smooth control supply. Disk vibrating feeder has a horizontal spreading disk, which is located coaxially and with a gap below the outlet of the hopper. Spreading disk is connected with vibratory drive. This research was aimed at finding technical solutions ensuring the reduction of specific energy consumption of disk vibrating feeder. The study showed, that if the spreading disc perform with a central hole, which is closed by an elastic membrane, then this can significantly reduce the specific energy consumption per unit of production.
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Suraneni, Prannoy. "Recent developments in reactivity testing of supplementary cementitious materials." RILEM Technical Letters 6 (December 29, 2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2021.150.

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Identification and rapid characterization of novel supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is a critical need, driven by shortfalls in conventional SCMs. In this study, we present a discussion of recently developed reactivity tests – the R3 test, the modified R3 test, the lime strength test, and the bulk resistivity index test. These tests measure reactivity parameters such as heat release, bound water, calcium hydroxide consumption, strength, and bulk resistivity. All tests can screen inert from reactive materials. To additionally differentiate pozzolanic and latent hydraulic materials, two parameters, for example, calcium hydroxide consumption and heat release, are needed. The influences of SCM bulk chemistry, amorphous content, and fineness on measured reactivity are outlined. Reactivity test outputs can predict strength and durability of cement paste/mortar/concrete; however, caution must be exercised as these properties are influenced by a variety of other factors independent of reactivity. Thoughts are provided on using reactivity tests to screen materials for concrete durability.
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Murskii, A. D., I. I. Shigapov, Kh Kh Gubeidullin, and D. V. Zhabin. "Calculation of Power Consumption for a Helical-Screw Conveyer Transporting Bulk Materials." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 50, no. 1-2 (May 2014): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-014-9849-2.

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Han, Hong Pei, and Xin Ping Dong. "Research on Topological Insulating Materials Induced by Uniaxial Strains with Properties of Insulating Materials." Advanced Materials Research 675 (March 2013): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.675.180.

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A series of calculations are carried out to investigate systematically the electronic band structure of bulk HgTe under uniaxial strains with the relaxed-volume by means of the full potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. Our results show that there is a topological insulating phase induced by proper uniaxial strains, which is consistent with previous theoretical and experimental results. Interestingly, the strain-induced band gap is large up to 0.21 and 0.17 eV in expansion and compression along c-direction, respectively. It is indicated that the bulk HgTe under proper uniaxial strains would be possibly made the room temperature application for material engineering with low energy consumption.
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Isaev, Yu M., N. M. Semashkin, V. A. Zlobin, T. A. Dzhabrailov, and V. V. Khabarova. "Theoretical Research and Practical Analysis of a Device for Dosing and Mixing Bulk Materials." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 11 (November 25, 2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2021-11-17-20.

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A device for loading and mixing mineral fertilizers is discussed and described. Theoretical studies to determine the flow rate of bulk materials are described. Mathematical expressions are given that determine the consumption of bulk bacterial fertilizer taking into account the geometric and operating parameters of the metering hopper.
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Ratnikov, S. A., D. M. Borodulin, D. V. Sukhorukov, and D. K. Cherkashina. "Study of energy consumption when mixing bulk materials in a centrifugal-blade mixer." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 640, no. 7 (February 1, 2021): 072040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/640/7/072040.

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Liu, Guang Hua, Rui Ma, Jiang Tao Li, and Yu Yang Li. "Combustion Synthesis: A Rapid Way for Preparing Bulk Cu2SnSe3 Thermoelectric Materials." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1712.

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The fabrication of bulk thermoelectric materials usually involves multi-step processes with considerable time and energy consumption. Here we applied a direct and rapid way of gas pressure assisted combustion synthesis to produce thermoelectric materials. As an example, bulk samples of Cu2SnSe3 had been prepared and their thermoelectric properties were investigated. Thermal analysis indicated that the Cu2SnSe3 samples kept stable up to 850 K. The un-doped Cu2SnSe3 showed ZT of 0.51 at 773 K, and by doping with Ag and In the ZT could be much increased to 1.42 at 823 K. The gas pressure assisted combustion synthesis method might provide a rapid way to directly produce bulk thermoelectric materials.
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Spiridonov, E. К., G. G. Yakubov, and D. F. Khabarova. "HYDROJET EJECTION HYDROMETER OF BULK MATERIALS. WORKFLOW AND CHARACTERISTICS." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Mechanical Engineering Industry" 20, no. 1 (2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/engin200106.

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Among hydrodynamic machines, jet pumps are among the most common. The high demand for this type of pump is due to their following features: the absence of moving parts and the simplicity of the device, small overall dimensions and weight, high self-priming ability, the ability to pump aggressive media and hydraulic mixtures containing solid impurities. In the hydromechanical method of developing deposits of building materials (sand, gravel, etc.), jet pumps – hydraulic elevators are used for underwater mining and transportation of bulk materials to the sorting plant, and after classification of the sand-gravel mixture – hydraulic transport of sand and gravel to dumps through pipelines. With this method of laying the finished product, the jet pump creates a static pressure of the hydraulic mixture, sufficient for its transport to the dump. However, another way of laying the finished product in dumps is also possible – through the air with a slurry stream. In this case, the jet pump performs the function of a hydrometer – a device for creating a high-speed slurry jet. A review of the literatureshowed that this mode of operation of the jet pump was not investigated. The effective operation of the jet pump-hydrometer depends on the ratio of the areas of the outlet section of the nozzle and the normal section of the mixing chamber, the relative density of the slurry in the input hopper. For each value of the relative density of the slurry, there is an optimal ratio of the areas of the nozzle and the chamber at which the specific energy consumption of the active stream will be minimal. The aim of this work is to determine and analyze the characteristics of an ejection hydrometer and to identify the most effective modes of its operation.
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Synák, František, Vladimír Rievaj, Monika Kiktová, and Tomasz Figlus. "THE POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION BY COVERING THE LOADING CAPACITY OF TIPPING SEMI-TRAILER DESIGNED TO CARRY BULK MATERIALS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i1.2018.1654.

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The amount of fossil fuels consumed has direct impact on global pollution and health status of the human population. An increasing amount of fuel consumed leads to the increase using of non-renewable resources of energy. This article deals with possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer. The introduction of this paper describes the impact the amount of fuel consumed on production of carbon dioxide. The ratio of driving resistances to fuel consumption is shown in the graph. In the second part of the article there is the methodology of the measurements. The measurements were conducted by driving test. The fuel consumption of tipping semi-trailer was measured during the driving with uncovered and covered loading capacity. The importance of this paper lies in the quantified the possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer designed to carry bulk materials.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Мартинюк, Євгеній Валерійович. "Витратомір сипких матеріалів." Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/39029.

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Актуальність На данний момент вимірюванню витрати сипучих матеріалів прилділяється значно менше уваги ніж вимірюванню витрати рідин та газів. В наслідок цього досить гостро стоїть питання обліку витрат сипучих матеріалів в таких сферах як харчова промисловість(наприклад перетворення зерна в борошно), металургія (наприклад при виготовленні сталі). Тому дана тема є акутальною для задоволення потреб технологічного процесу. Об’єктом дослідження даної роботи є витратомір сипких матеріалів заснований на тахометричному методі вимірювання. Магістерська дисертація складається з пояснювальної записки, що містить вступ, 4 розділи, список літератури, 48 малюнків , 30 таблиць. Загальнний обсяг 128 сторінок. Також до магістрестької дисертації входить графічна частина, що містить 2 аркуші А1 графіків, 2 аркуші А1 схем, 1 А1 складальних креслень та презентаційний лист.
At present, much less attention is paid to measuring the flow of bulk materials than to measuring the flow of liquids and gases. As a result, the issue of accounting for the cost of bulk materials in such areas as the food industry (eg, conversion of grain into flour), metallurgy (eg in the manufacture of steel) is quite acute. Therefore, this topic is urgent to meet the needs of the technological process. The subject of study of this work is a flow meter of bulk materials based on the tachometric method of measurement. The master's dissertation consists of an explanatory note containing an introduction, 4 sections, a list of references, 48 figures, 30 tables. The total volume is 128 pages. The master's dissertation also includes a graphic part containing 2 sheets of A1 graphs, 2 sheets of A1 diagrams, 1 A1 of assembly drawings and a presentation sheet.
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Stoyanov, Nikolay Staykov 1979. "Phonon-polaritons in bulk and patterned materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29954.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2003.
Vita.
This thesis explores the spectroscopic properties of phonon-polaritons, which are admixtures of coupled electromagnetic and mechanical vibrations in polar crystals. An in-depth theoretical treatment supplemented with simulations of experimental results of a four-wave mixing impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) method to generate and probe polaritons with arbitrary wavevectors is developed. A novel method to generate phonon-polaritons with high amplitudes via focusing is also presented. The motivation for this work is ultimately the generation of lattice oscillations with high amplitude that will permit exploration of the potential energy surface of collective vibrational motion beyond its linear regime. Femtosecond laser machining has been used to fabricate microstructures in lithium niobate and lithium tantalate. Phonon-polaritons propagation has been extensively characterized in a number of functional elements, including waveguides, resonators, and various diffractive, reflective, and focusing elements. The experimental results are supplemented by two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations of polariton generation and propagation in arbitrary two-dimensional patterned structures. The phonon-polaritons studied have THz frequencies and propagate at lightlike speeds. The motivation for this research is the development of a versatile terahertz spectroscopy platform, in which phonon-polaritons are used as a source of THz radiation. Furthermore, these fabricated microstructures can serve as the basic building blocks of an intergrated platform in a single crystal where phonon-polaritons are used for ultrafast signal processing.
by Nikolay Staykov Stoyanov.
Ph.D.
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Gleason, Michael J. (Michael Jon) 1967. "Terahertz waves in bulk and patterned materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128943.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Michael J. Gleason.
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2001.
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Barham, Oliver M. "Microfabricated Bulk Piezoelectric Transformers." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10615552.

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Piezoelectric voltage transformers (PTs) can be used to transform an input voltage into a different, required output voltage needed in electronic and electro- mechanical systems, among other varied uses. On the macro scale, they have been commercialized in electronics powering consumer laptop liquid crystal displays, and compete with an older, more prevalent technology, inductive electromagnetic volt- age transformers (EMTs). The present work investigates PTs on smaller size scales that are currently in the academic research sphere, with an eye towards applications including micro-robotics and other small-scale electronic and electromechanical sys- tems. PTs and EMTs are compared on the basis of power and energy density, with PTs trending towards higher values of power and energy density, comparatively, indicating their suitability for small-scale systems. Among PT topologies, bulk disc-type PTs, operating in their fundamental radial extension mode, and free-free beam PTs, operating in their fundamental length extensional mode, are good can- didates for microfabrication and are considered here. Analytical modeling based on the Extended Hamilton Method is used to predict device performance and integrate mechanical tethering as a boundary condition. This model differs from previous PT models in that the electric enthalpy is used to derive constituent equations of motion with Hamilton’s Method, and therefore this approach is also more generally applica- ble to other piezoelectric systems outside of the present work. Prototype devices are microfabricated using a two mask process consisting of traditional photolithography combined with micropowder blasting, and are tested with various output electri- cal loads. 4mm diameter tethered disc PTs on the order of .002cm

3 , two orders smaller than the bulk PT literature, had the followingperformance: a prototype with electrode area ratio (input area / output area) = 1 had peak gain of 2.3 (± 0.1), efficiency of 33 (± 0.1)% and output power density of 51.3 (± 4.0)W cm

-3 (for output power of80 (± 6)mW) at 1M? load, for an input voltage range of 3V-6V (± one standard deviation). The gain results are similar to those of several much larger bulk devices in the literature, but the efficiencies of the present devices are lower. Rectangular topology, free-free beam devices were also microfabricated across 3 or- ders of scale by volume, with the smallest device on the order of .00002cm

3 . These devices exhibited higher quality factorsand efficiencies, in some cases, compared to circular devices, but lower peak gain (by roughly 1/2 ). Limitations of the microfab- rication process are determined, and future work is proposed. Overall, the devices fabricated in the present work show promise for integration into small-scale engi- neered systems, but improvements can be made in efficiency, and potentially voltage gain, depending on the application

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Allsopp, D. N. "Abrasive wear of bulk materials and hard coatings." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595477.

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Thin coatings and other surface engineering techniques are widely used to improve the friction and wear properties of surfaces. However, current understanding of the behaviour of surfaces is relatively poor. Production methods are therefore to a large extent based upon empiricism. Many well-established materials characterisation tests are inadequate, and so novel techniques for the examination of surface layers have emerged, with the eventual aim of predicting the tribological performance of surfaces. One such technique is the micro-scale abrasive wear test, in which a ball is rotated against a specimen in the presence of a slurry of fine abrasive particles, producing a well-defined crater whose volume may be measured geometrically, allowing the wear coefficient of the specimen to be determined. It has been shown that the existing understanding of test is inadequate; further characterisation of the test has been performed. The effects of various parameters on the mechanism and severity of wear have been identified and explained by adaptation of existing models. Recommendations have been made for the optimisation of the accuracy and reproducibility of the test. The capability of the test to characterise thin coatings has been extended by shallow ball-crater testing which does not penetrate though the coating, thereby eliminating any influence of the substrate wear resistance. A number of different formulations of the wear equation, and a number of data analysis methods have been discussed, with the aim of minimising error. Since many surface coatings are exposed to high temperatures in service, the micro-scale abrasion test and the commonly used scratch test have been adapted for use at elevated temperatures in order to investigate changes in coating properties under these conditions. A new scratch test apparatus was designed and constructed for these tests. The behaviour of various PVD coatings has been investigated by these methods.
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Rowe, Charles William. "Bulk coating processes with sodium silicate slurries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10604.

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Caine, Peter James. "Ignition of bulk solid materials by a localised hotspot." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540558.

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Haigh, Arthur D. "A study of microwave moisture measurement in bulk materials." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387247.

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Moisture measurements play an important role in many material preparations and industrial processes. Microwave techniques have been used for several decades for such measurements. Shortcomings associated with the method have been addressed. Graphical solutions used hitherto to obtain the permittivity from waveguide measurements have been replaced by computer programs. The accuracy of measurement have been improved by the development of waveguide standards and the implementation of calibration procedures. Permittivity measurements in through and short circuited rectangular waveguides are reported on a wide range of solid, granular and liquid materials important to the food industry. Techniques to suppress standing wave effects have enabled accurate plane wave measurements of permittivity. For bulk materials, new measurement probes have been developed for on line measurements and associated with these probes lower cost instrumentation has been considered. The· main outcome of the study is the improvement in permittivity measurements of sample quantities of material. Moisture measurements in bulk materials have been facilitated by novel non invasive probes.
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Maxwell, Andrew Paul. "Interrogation of on-line images of bulk particulate materials." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326534.

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Ojo, Sonia. "Simulation Studies of surface and bulk properties of materials." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396360.

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Books on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Zehetbauer, Michael, and Y. T. Zhu. Bulk nanostructured materials. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Zehetbauer, Michael, and Yuntian T. Zhu. Bulk nanostructured materials. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Valiev, Ruslan Z., Alexander P. Zhilyaev, and Terence G. Langdon. Bulk Nanostructured Materials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118742679.

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Fruchtbaum, Jacob. Bulk Materials Handling Handbook. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4695-2.

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Bulk materials handling handbook. New York, N.Y: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1988.

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Conveyor Equipment Manufacturers Association. Engineering Conference. Belt conveyors for bulk materials. 6th ed. Naples, FL: Conveyor Equipment Manufacturers Association, 2005.

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Zhao, Yonghao, and Xiaozhou Liao. Ductility of bulk nanostructured materials. Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland: Trans Tech, 2010.

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Valiev, Ruslan Z. Bulk nanostructured materials: Fundamentals and applications. Hoboken, New Jersey: TMS-Wiley, 2014.

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Kraus, Milton N. Pneumatic conveying systems for bulk materials. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1991.

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N, Kraus Milton, ed. Pneumatic conveying systems for bulk materials. 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Dragoman, Daniela, and Mircea Dragoman. "Bulk Materials." In Optical Characterization of Solids, 181–234. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04870-2_4.

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Jackson, Neil, and Ravindra K. Dhir. "Bulk Properties." In Civil Engineering Materials, 360–66. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13729-9_22.

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Behera, Ajit. "Bulk Metallic Glass." In Advanced Materials, 263–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80359-9_8.

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Morimoto, Masakazu, Seiya Kobatake, Masahiro Irie, Hari Krishna Bisoyi, Quan Li, Sheng Wang, and He Tian. "Photochromic Bulk Materials." In Photochromic Materials: Preparation, Properties and Applications, 281–360. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527683734.ch8.

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Fox, Malcolm A. "Solid Bulk Materials." In Glossary for the Worldwide Transportation of Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Materials, 221–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11890-0_69.

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Inoue, A. "Bulk Amorphous Alloys." In Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials, 1–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04426-1_1.

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Holtz, Per Olof, and Qing Xiang Zhao. "Impurities in Bulk." In Springer Series in Materials Science, 5–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18657-8_3.

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Fruchtbaum, Jacob. "Handling Special Materials." In Bulk Materials Handling Handbook, 327–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4695-2_14.

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Walcarius, Alain, Mathieu Etienne, Grégoire Herzog, Veronika Urbanova, and Neus Vilà. "Electrode Materials (Bulk Materials and Modification)." In Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors, 403–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0676-5_16.

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Brown, Robert A. "Convection and Bulk Transport." In Materials Sciences in Space, 55–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82761-7_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Zhang, Qi, Pengfei Zhang, Z. J. Pei, Graham Pritchett, Meng Zhang, Xiaoxu Song, and T. W. Deines. "Ultrasonic-Vibration Assisted Pelleting for Cellulosic Biofuel Manufacturing: Investigation on Power Consumption With Design of Experiment." In ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7212.

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Cellulosic biomass is abundantly available in the nature. It is an attractive feedstock to make alternative fuels to petroleum-based transportation fuels. Because of low bulk density and irregular shape, raw biomass materials are difficult to handle, transport, and store. Pelleting can increase the density of cellulosic biomass. Pellets can be easily handled, resulting in reducing their transportation and storage costs. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted (UV-A) pelleting is a new pelleting method. Moisture content, particle size, pelleting pressure, and ultrasonic power are four important input parameters affecting pellet quality and sugar yield (proportional to biofuel yield). However, their effects on power consumption in UV-A pelleting have not been adequately investigated. Since power consumption directly affects ethanol manufacturing costs, it is desirable to understand how input parameters affect power consumption. This paper reports an experimental investigation of power consumption in UV-A pelleting. A 24 factorial design is employed to evaluate the effects of four input parameters (moisture content, particle size, pelleting pressure, and ultrasonic power) on power consumption in UV-A pelleting. Results show that three input parameters (moisture content, particle size, and ultrasonic power) significantly affect power consumption. Higher moisture content, lower ultrasonic power, and larger particle size result in higher power consumption. Only one interaction of two parameters is significant, i.e. with the increase of pelleting pressure, power consumption will increase at the high level of particle size while decrease at the low level of particle size.
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El Moussi, Youssef, Laurent Clerc, and Jean-Charles Benezet. "Study of the Impact of Rice Straw Particle Size on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Straw Lime Concretes." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.361.

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The use of bio-based concretes performed with lignocellulosic aggregates constitute an interesting solution for reducing the energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and CO2 generated by the building sector. Indeed, bio-based materials could be used as an alternative of traditional materials such as expended polystyrene and mineral resources (e.g. glass and rock wools) for insulation. Furthermore, these bio-based concretes are known for their interesting insulation properties, indeed they allow to enhance thermal properties of buildings and enables moisture management which lead to design efficient building materials. For this purpose, bio-based concrete using rice straw as aggregate are studied in this present work. The impact of the characteristics of rice straw particle (particle size distribution, bulk density, and water absorption capacity, etc.) on both the mechanical and thermal properties of the bio-based concrete are investigated. Five formulations of rice straw concrete are examined, compared and then classified in terms of insulation properties and mechanical properties. The assessments are based on the measurement of density and thermal conductivity. The variation of compressive strength in function of the characteristics (mean particle length) of rice straw particle are assessed and discussed. The investigation covers also the porosity and density. Tests are also carried out on agricultural by-products with a view to highlight their chemical, physical and structural proprieties. The results show that the use of large particles with low water absorption capacity induce lighter concretes with the density between 339 and 505 kg/m3 and lead to a high compressive strength with a high mechanical deformability. Furthermore, it appears that an increase in the average length of rice straw particle lead to decrease of thermal conductivity of bio-based concretes. It varies from 0.062 to 0.085 W/(m.K).
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Parasumanna, Ajeet. "Bimetal Mixture Forging Process and Its Influence on Intermetallic Phase Seam Properties for An Automotive Component." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-mml-052.

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In today’s scenario, the fuel cost and stricter norms related to environmental protection are exponentially increasing and thus lightweight forging is gaining importance which directly enhances the efficiency of the entire vehicle leading to reduction in pollution and fuel consumption. Material substitution with lighter alloy is one of the solutions but the part design is a constraint to implement this approach in structural load bearing parts which undergoes dynamic loading in its lifecycle. Mixture forging is a solid / Semi solid hot-forming process of two different materials while plastic deformation occurs. In mixture forging of steel-aluminum parts there is a formation of intermetallic phases and the diffusion occurs between two materials. This paper is addressing the challenges in forging process and especially producing bimetal product by adapting to currently followed forging practices and infrastructure. In this study, a component forging process is designed using finite element computation tool and then forged in two stages followed by application of mixture forging concept during forging operation to achieve light weighting. The two different materials used are 42CrMo4 steel for high strength at the outer case and AA6061 aluminium alloy for a lightweight core. The thickness of the intermetallic phase seam achieved is less than 10 μm and its material characterisation is carried out using SEM analysis. Micro-hardness measurement was taken of the intermetallic phase and is found to be 855 (HV 0.01) which is brittle in nature. The component thus forged is found to be 27% lighter than the component produced by steel forging. This technology is a part of the multi material joining technology using forging process wherein conventional equipment can be used. The bulk forming process achieving multi material solution is a innovative process and can lead to lighweighting of various circular parts and shaft primarily in the transmission of ICE and Electric Vehicles.
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"Energy consumption of Biomass Bulk Densification." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141893416.

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Han, Y. L., M. Young, and E. P. Muntz. "Performance of Micro/Meso-Scale Thermal Transpiration Pumps at Low Pressures." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61807.

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The Knudsen Compressor is a solid-state micro/meso-scale gas roughing pump based on the rarefied gas phenomena of thermal transpiration. Knudsen Compressors operate by imposing a temperature gradient across a high porosity, low thermal conductivity transpiration membrane, typically a silicon aerogel membrane. Previous optimization studies have concluded that significant reductions of both energy consumption and device volume per unit throughput and pressure difference for a given pressure ratio can be achieved when each stage of the cascade operates with a Knudsen number based on the mean pore radius of approximately one. Perforated aerogels (using the same bulk aerogel material, but with machined arrays of properly sized parallel capillaries) are appealing candidate low-pressure transpiration membranes and are the focus of this investigation. Conventional drilling techniques using micro drills have successfully demonstrated perforated aerogel with pore diameters ranging from 200μm to 500μm. This range of pore sizes corresponds to efficient Knudsen Compressor operation between roughly 500mTorr and 200 mTorr. The performance of a low pressure Knudsen Compressor is clearly affected by rarefaction phenomena including “reverse” thermal transpiration and possible thermally induced internal flow circulation at low pressures due to the relatively large Knudsen number in the connector section.
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Chu, C. W., W. K. Chu, P. H. Hor, and K. Salama. "HTS Materials, Bulk Processing & Bulk Applications." In 1992 TCSUH Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814537414.

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Jovanovic, Velimir, Saeid Ghamaty, Daniel Krommenhoek, and John C. Bass. "High Coefficient of Performance Quantum Well Thermoelectric Nano Cooler." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33838.

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Nanotechnology quantum well thermoelectric materials have been developed that have high Figures of Merit and that can attain very high coefficients of performance (COP) to satisfy the requirements for cooling room temperature detectors. Hi-Z Technology, Inc. (Hi-Z) has developed Si/SiGe solid state quantum well (QW) thermoelectric (TE) materials that have demonstrated a Seebeck coefficient and thermoelectric properties that provide >4X higher conversion efficiencies than the current bulk TE materials. With the new Si/SiGe QW materials, cooling systems can be designed that are much smaller, quieter, lighter weight, and that have much reduced power requirements than current TE materials or presently used vapor-compression systems. On-going development for these new QW TE materials has demonstrated high-efficiency TE materials for power generation applications ranging from providing power for wireless sensors to converting waste heat from diesel engine exhaust directly to electricity and thus reducing the load on the alternator and reducing fuel consumption. Now, cooling devices with a high coefficient of performance (COP) are feasible and are being designed for room temperature detector cooling applications. Multi-layer nanocomposite QW films (each 10 nm thick) were fabricated to demonstrate that Si/SiGe QW materials can be deposited on a low thermal conductivity substrate and provide at least the desired COP over the required temperature range of 250K to 350K in a single-stage nano cooler. These QW thermoelectric materials can also be implemented into commercial equipment in the air conditioning and refrigeration applications, thus eliminating fluids, ozone-impacting refrigerants and compressors. Thermoelectric properties of QW thin-film materials have been measured at Hi-Z, several universities and national labs. The conversion efficiency of QW materials has been measured at Hi-Z in two different test couples and in a two-couple device. In all cases, good agreement was obtained between the measurements and prior analytical predictions. Cooling performance was measured in a test with one QW TE element and good agreement was obtained between measurements and analytical predictions. TE properties of the Si/SiGe QW material used in the analysis and design of the subject TE nano cooler were recently independently verified at University of California San Diego (UCSD) and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This paper deals with the analysis of a high COP QW TE single-stage nano cooler for room temperature detectors and with the improved TE properties obtained with the QW thin-film materials resulting in such high COP designs.
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Revellez, Alexandra Peña, Bertrand Ménaert, Benoît Boulanger, Fredrick Laurell, Carlota Canalias, Valdas Pasiskevicius, Patricia Segonds, Jérôme Debray, and Corinne Félix. "Bulk PPKTP by crystal growth." In Advances in Optical Materials. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aiom.2011.aiwc2.

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Veenhuis, H., K. Buse, E. Krätzig, N. Korneev, and D. Mayorga. "Dynamic Bulk Photovoltaic Effect." In Advances in Photorefractive Materials, Effects and Devices. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/apmed.1999.sce5.

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Soong, W. M., J. S. Ng, M. J. Steer, M. Hopkinson, J. P. R. David, J. Chamings, S. J. Sweeney, A. R. Adams, and J. Allam. "Dark current mechanisms in bulk GaInNAs photodiodes." In Related Materials (IPRM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciprm.2008.4702987.

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Reports on the topic "Consumption of bulk materials"

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Schwarz, R. B., J. I. Archuleta, and K. E. Sickafus. Bulk amorphous materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296817.

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Ren, Zhifeng. High Performance Bulk Thermoelectric Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1223723.

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Gray, G. T. Shock-induced defects in bulk materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/658348.

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Ren, Zhifeng. High performance bulk thermoelectric materials and flexible transparent electrodes. Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561264.

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Jen, Alex K. Development of Efficient Charge-Selective Materials for Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada616502.

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Parchure, Trimbak M., and Jack E. Davis. Effect of Organic Materials on Bulk Density and Erodibility of Fine Sediment Beds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada438016.

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Munir, Z. A. Mechanoelectrically Activated Synthesis of Dense, Bulk Nanostructured, Complex Crystalline and Glassy Hard Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435086.

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Fredenburg, David A. Understanding particle-level physics to describe the bulk compaction response of particulate materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055320.

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Moheisen, Ragab M., Keith A. Kozlowski, Aly H. Shaaban, Christian D. Rasmussen, Abdelfatah M. Yacout, and Miriam V. Keith. Utilization of Phase Change Materials (PCM) to Reduce Energy Consumption in Buildings. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada554348.

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Ballance, Joan B., Donald J. Wolford, Jerzy Bernholc, and Eugene E. Haller. Impurities, Defects and Diffusion in Semiconductors: Bulk and Layered Structures. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. Volume 163. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada229590.

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