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1
Yıldız, Atila, and Asuman Arslan Duru. "Etlik Piliç Yetiştiriciliğinin Geliştirilmesi Açısından Tavuk Eti Tüketim Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi: Uşak İli Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 6 (June 25, 2019): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i6.833-839.2180.
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This study is consisted of data obtained from the survey conducted with 400 consumers in Uşak province urban area. As a result of the analysis, the average amount of annual per capita chicken meat consumed was calculated as 13.64 kg. The average amount of consumption increases due to the increase in income level. 39.2% of the consumers (consume chicken meat once a week. However, nearly half of consumers (41.7%) consume chicken meat, this is one third in total meat consumption. This ratio is changing according to income groups. Consumers supply chicken meat from vendors, grocery stores and groceries. The main reason for consumption of chicken meat for consumers; low price, easy to find on the market and healthy. Nearly half (42.5%) of the consumers prefer whole chick. The percentage of those consumed in the chicken meat consumed by the consumers is very low. Factors that are effective on consumers preferences for chicken meat; the freshness of the product, the price, the type of packaging, the quality, the producer company, the advertisement of the product, the taste of the consumer and the date of manufacture of the product. According to consumer preference (but, baguette, chest, wings etc.) processed products can be prepared according to the grill or other purposes and presented to the consumer. As consumers are prepared to extra payment for organic (ecological) food products, the farmers can be guided by incentives to organic poultry breeding systems.
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Islam, Md Jakiul, Md Abu Sayeed, Shakil Akhtar, Md Sakhawat Hossain, and Afroza Akter Liza. "Consumers profile analysis towards chicken, beef, mutton, fish and egg consumption in Bangladesh." British Food Journal 120, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 2818–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-03-2018-0191.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct consumer profile analysis for chicken, beef, mutton, fish and egg to better adapt the marketing mix for each type of food in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the mean consumption frequency of chicken, beef, mutton, fish and egg, following 658 questionnaire survey results. The sociodemographic variables used in this study were: sex, age, gender, educational level, social class, number of family members in the home, the presence of minors less than 18 years in the home and geographical area. Frequency distribution, factor and cluster analysis were performed to understand the food consumption frequency and food-related lifestyle segment, respectively. The statistical significance for differences among the mean values of different foods was tested by Snedecor’s F-test. Findings Egg was the most frequently consumed; 77 per cent of respondents ate egg once daily. Chicken was the second most consumed (62 per cent), whereas fish was third (59 per cent). Mutton was in the fourth place of consumption frequency level. However, 24 per cent of respondents did not consume mutton. The same types of behaviour were observed for beef, which was the least consumed (7 per cent) once daily, 48 per cent once a week, whereas 13 per cent did not consume it. There was no specific consumer behaviour pattern for the sociodemographic variables and types of food studied here. Originality/value This research provides the status of consumer preferences towards chicken, beef, mutton, fish and egg consumption in Bangladesh.
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Ndagi, I. "AN ASSESSMENT OF TEA PROCESSING AND CONSUMPTION AMONG TEA FARMERS’ IN MAMBILLA, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 6, no. 1 (April 3, 2023): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v6i1.409.
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The study assessed tea processing and consumption among tea farmers’ in Mambilla, Taraba State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was used to select 384 tea farmers in the study area. Data were collected from the respondents with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Simple descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were the major analytical tools employed in analysing the data. The study revealed that majority of the respondents were male, married and within the age bracket of 31-50 years. The study also revealed that majority of the respondents (55.9%) consumed about 1.44 litres of tea per day and that majority of the respondents (91.4%) consumed the tea in the morning. Majority of the respondents (94.3%) consume home prepared tea and black tea was the most consumed tea by the respondents. Alcoholic drinks, cocoa, and coffee are alternative drinks to tea consumed in the study area. The study further revealed that sex and education influenced the quantity of tea consumed in the study area. It was therefore recommended that there should be intensive enlightenment on the health benefits associated with tea consumption.
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Saygı, Hülya, Bahar Bayhan, and Müge Aliye Hekimoğlu. "Türkiye’nin İzmir ve Ankara İllerinde Su Ürünleri Tüketimi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, no. 5 (January 25, 2015): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i5.248-254.258.
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This study is one of Turkey at the sea coast in Izmir and Ankara in other inland fisheries are conducted to determine consumer preferences. 306 people in Izmir and 405 people in Ankara were directly interviewed and the orginal data for the research was gathered. Survey data were anlyzed with using SPSS and Microsoft Excel software packages. According to the survey data; it is determined that individuals consumed mostly white meat at the rate of 81%, and consumed white meat at the rate of 19%. At least 46% of these individuals consume fish once a week at a minimum. It is determined that 83% of the individuals in Ankara consumed white meat, 17% consumed red meat. It is found out that at least 30% of these indiviudals consumed fish once a week at a minimum. Aquaculture products are highly important for the nutrition due to its being animal protein resource. In spite of the fast growing population and big problems seen in balanced diets, aquaculture products are not efficiently benefited. As a result of our country to increase fish consumption habits and consumption of fishery products on human health in the short and long term benefits should be explained. To this end, local governments and other regional organizations and institutions of the people in the area where the handle will be of interest to fisheries and should be in promoting.
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Tutenocakli, Tulay. "PLANTS CONSUMED AS FOOD IN ETHNOBOTANICAL PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE STUDY OF YENICE-CANAKKALE-TURKIYE." CURRENT TRENDS IN NATURAL SCIENCES 12, no. 23 (July 31, 2023): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2023.v12i23.025.
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In this study, the plants consumed as human food in the Yenice district of Canakkale, located in the Troy region, were evaluated in terms of ethnobotany. The plants that the local people living in the region consume as food and their usage patterns have been determined on a district basis. These plants are mostly collected from nature by people living in rural areas or used by purchasing them from the market established in the district center. While 64 taxa out of 112 taxa used for food purposes in the study area are grown naturally, 48 taxa are produced and consumed. In addition, 5 types of mushrooms, which are edible and sold in local markets, are also used as food. The leaves of 49 taxa, fruits of 43 taxa, stems of 26 taxa, flowers of 24 taxa, seeds of 10 taxa and roots of 5 taxa are consumed from plants used as food. These plants are consumed raw, cooked, seasoned, frozen, dried, pickled and canned.
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Victoria, Stere, Tarcea Monica, and Ruta Florina. "Assesing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Eating Habits of Dietary Fibers in Tîrgu-Mureş Population." Acta Medica Marisiensis 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amma-2015-0037.
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Abstract Background: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and eating habits upon consumption of dietary fibers in a group of people from Tirgu-Mures area. Material and Method: We used a transversal descriptive study conducted on a group of 251 subjects from the urban area (76.4%), as well as from the rural area (23.6%), aged between 18 and 62 years, obtained using an online questionnaire consisting of 40 questions related to knowledge and attitude towards dietary fibers and estimated consumption of fiber from whole foods. Results: In the study group, we observed that 21.28% consumed whole cereals once per week and 18% did not consume cereals at all; regarding fruit consumption 17.44% consumed 6-8 pieces/week, and 3.4% consumed over 18 pieces/week. Frequency of fast food –meals consuming: 67.68% did not consume fast-food meals, 25.25% ate fast food once/week, and 1.1% consumed fast food between 8-10 times/week. Concerning the statement that fibers can prevent and/or treat colon cancer and obesity, 40% fully accepted the statement, 40% agreed, 14.29% were indifferent and 4.7% were against. From the total group of subjects, approximately 37.6% knew the meaning and classification of dietary fiber, 26.8% knew the recommended amount of fiber to be consumed daily, and 5.9% did not check the fiber content of foods ever. Conclusions: The inclusion of cereals and whole foods in diet is recommended in all nutrition guidelines worldwide, because of their association with a high health status, and prevention of chronic diseases. Consumers need to understand the benefits of whole foods, also to recognize and read the information about it on food labels.
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KITAMURA, SHUMPEI, TAKAKAZU YUMOTO, PILAI POONSWAD, PHITAYA CHUAILUA, and KAMOL PLONGMAI. "Characteristics of hornbill-dispersed fruits in a tropical seasonal forest in Thailand." Bird Conservation International 14, S1 (December 2004): S81—S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270905000250.
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Asian hornbills are primarily frugivorous. We studied the characteristics of fruits consumed by four sympatric hornbill species in Thailand: Great Hornbill (Buceros bicornis), Wreathed Hornbill (Aceros undulatus), Austin's Brown Hornbill (Anorrhinus austeni) and Oriental Pied Hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris). We compared the frequency of distribution of 11 variables for all fruit species collected in the study area (n = 259) and fruit species consumed by hornbills (n = 73). Our analysis revealed that fruits consumed by hornbills are: (1) large, (2) easily accessible within the canopy, (3) red, purple or black and (4) dehiscent or indehiscent with a thin husk. The range of fruit sizes eaten by hornbills in our study is comparable to that reported from other sites in Southeast Asia and Africa. The large gape width of hornbills enables them to consume large fruits that small frugivores would find difficult to consume.
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Anyimah–Ackah, Ekpor, Isaac W. Ofosu, Herman Erick Lutterodt, and Godfred Darko. "Consumer Characteristics and Consumption Analytics of Frequently Consumed Food Categories in Mining Areas." Academic Journal of Life Sciences, no. 65 (May 25, 2020): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajls.65.39.52.
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The WHO/FAO have requested data on food consumption to better understand the increasing toxicological results of foodstuffs. The aim of this study was to determine the food consumption characteristics of the consumers living in small-scale mining areas. Commonly consumed food crops of each category: fruit, cereals, vegetables, legumes and root tubers were selected. In all, 308 consumers were sampled using a one-week dietary recall tool and a stratified sampling method of the consumers. The @Risk Microsoft add-in was used to analyze the data. The results show that the adolescents (10-17 years) consumed cowpea (233.90 g/day) and cassava (666.96g/day) at a relatively higher level compared to children (3-9 years) and adults (18-64 years). Likewise, adults consumed yam (136.65g/day), maize (1739.37g/day), rice (1272.40g/day), pineapple (184.97g/day) and watermelon (656.55g/day) at a relatively higher level compared to children and adolescents. On the contrary, whereas children generally consumed lower quantities of food, they presented higher exposure frequency to cowpea (364 days/year), root tubers (36-364 days/year) and grains (286-364 days/year) compared to adults and adolescents. Both adolescent and adult population subgroups presented higher exposure frequency to vegetables (364 days/year) relative to children (104-364 days/year). The findings further show that, in increasing order rice and maize are the most consumed crops. The adult population subgroup, in the study area may be vulnerable to contaminants in maize grains than other dishes categories due to the high mass consumed and high exposure duration. Children may be vulnerable to contaminants in maize grains because of the high exposure frequency.
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Sawahata, Takuo. "Hymenial area of agaric fruit bodies consumed by Collembola." Mycoscience 47, no. 2 (April 2006): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10267-005-0272-6.
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Oguntoye, T. O., O. A. Fatoki, O. O. Adetola, O. V. Arowolo, and A. M. Tokede. "Households’ Consumption Pattern of Snail (Archachatina species) in Oluyole Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 7 (August 9, 2020): 1267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i7.20.
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The present study investigates household consumption pattern of snail meat in Oluyole Local Government Area of Oyo State. A multistage random sampling technique was used to administer the questionnaires to a total of 120 respondents. Data collected were analyzed using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The socioeconomic factors analyzed showed that age group between 31 and 40 (45.0%) consumed snail more while age group between 51 and 60 (11.70%) consumed less snails. The majority of respondents were Married (60.8%) and possess secondary education (54.2%). Most of the respondents (95.8%) consume snail meat but most of them consume snail meat on a seasonal basis unlike beef and fish. Furthermore, fried form of snail meat is mostly (65%) preferred when compared to cooked form (24.2%). The regression analysis shows that the consumption of snail meat depended on the price, household size, educational level, household income, nutritive value, occupation and its availability. Problems associated with snail meat consumption in the study area include Price, income level, unavailability and cultural belief. Based on the findings, this study recommends that extension workers should engage the public on the need to get involved in the rearing of snails to make it readily available all year round and thus make it more affordable for all sundry.
Keywords: Snail meat, Consumption, Nutritive Values and Oluyole Local Government Area.
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Wilson, Atiman Kasima, and Mina Bala Usman. "Determinants of Safe Water Consumption among Households in Numan Local Government Area, Adamawa State." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. XII (2024): 1693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7012131.
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The importance of water to man and economic growth is a yet to be exhausted in academic literature. Water can be defined as a colorless, tasteless and finite substance. A healthy population will produce a healthy workforce. A healthy work force will therefore positively contribute to the gross domestic product (GDP)in a country. It is against this backdrop, this study underscores the determinants of household water consumption and also, to examine the relationship between factors that determine household water consumption in Numan Local Government Area (LGA)of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study sourced data using primary method of data collection through administering structured questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. Data collected was analyzed using Ordinary Least square (OLS) model and descriptive statistics like bar charts. The study anchored on the Absolute income hypothesis introduced by Keynes. Determinants considered in the model includes income, age, expenditure on water, family size and education. The OLS result show the coefficient of income being -0.000739 suggests that a 1 unit increase in Income will lead to a 0.000739 units decrease in average quantity of water consumed, and it is statistically significant in explaining average quantity of water consumed at 5% level of significance. The coefficient of age being -1.634210 suggests that 1 unit increase in age will lead to a 1.634210 units decrease in average quantity of water consumed for the family. The coefficient of family size being 15.44506 suggests that a 1 unit increase in family size will lead to a 15.44 units increase in average quantity of water consumed. The results from the study reveal that occupation of households in the study area showing that most households are business men and women (42.7%),famers(35.4%) and civil servants(8.3%). The study concludes that water-borne disease is a major cause of death in Numan (LGA) and most LGAs in Adamawa state. The study recommends an increase in budgetary allocation to the water ministry by the state government. Furthermore, the study also, recommends sensitization to households in Numan Local Government Area and Adamawa State at large by government and stakeholders on the need to consume clean water and avoid vandalizing water infrastructures in the state.
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Uwadiae, Enobakhare, and Israel O. Aina. "Substance Use and Psychological Distress. The Experience of Tricycle Riders in Egor Local Government Area in Benin City." Journal of Science and Practice of Pharmacy 6, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 294–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47227/jsppharm.v6i1.2.
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Purpose: Drivers of tricycles work for long hours and this can have an effect on the psychological status of the drivers. They may also be exposed to substance use. This study examined substance use and psychological distress among tricycle drivers in Egor Local Government Area (LGA) in Benin City, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive survey that assessed the health status of the respondents using the General Health Questionnaire. The respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and pattern of substance use was also assessed. Results: Majority, 58 (70.7%) were married and consumed alcohol 50 (61%). About 25 (30.5%) drank alcohol daily and beer was the commonest form of alcohol consumed 29 (35.4%). A few, 11 (13.4%) drink multiple substances. Though the majority of the respondents, 58 (70.7%), used different forms of psychoactive substances, those who consume alcohol were significantly more (X2=8.741, df=1, p=0.003). Some form of psychological distress was present in 52 (63.4%) of the drivers. There was no statistically significant relationship between substance use and psychological distress in the respondents (X2=0.714 df=1 p=0.398). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents consume alcohol daily and have some level of psychological distress which could not be attributed to the use of psychoactive substances alone. Keywords: Psychological distress, driving, substance, experience, tricycle
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SINGH, ANUP KUMAR, B. H. M. PATEL, MUKESH SINGH, G. K. GAUR, M. R. VERMA, TRIVENI DUTT, and P. CAROLINA. "Assessment of autoflush machine for cleaning of toilet area/elimination area in weaner pen." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 88, no. 11 (November 22, 2018): 1316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v88i11.85072.
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An attempt was made to develop auto-flush machine for cleaning of toilet area/elimination area. To study the auto-flush system, a total of 10 weaners were divided into two groups (having 5 each), viz. G1 (weaners kept in a modified intensive pen with auto flush system) and G2 (weaners in intensive pen without auto-flush). The defecation pattern/trend was observed 24 h consecutively for 5 days. Each weaner defecated 8.40±0.23 and 8.92±0.13 times per day in G1 and G2 respectively. The auto-flush was assessed indirectly based on parameters like hygiene score of floor, hygiene score of animals, amount of water consumed and manpower required for cleaning of pen in 5 days. Hygiene score of floor was higher in G1 (143±0.63) compare to G2 (112.2±1.7). Hygiene score of animals was higher in G1 (5) compared to G2 (2.6). Water consumed for cleaning was lower in G1 (162.8±9.06 litres) than G2 (212±1.4 liters). Manpower requirement in G1 (7.85±0.24 sec) was lower than G2 (175.48±2.11 sec). It can be concluded that all weaners used the elimination area for defecation in G1. The auto-flush system helped in saving water, labour time and maintained the cleanliness of both floor and animal.
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Ogeh, Kesiena Tina. "Fuel Wood Consumption in Selected Communities in Oshimili North Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry 9, no. 3 (July 14, 2023): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajraf/2023/v9i3217.
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For proper management of a forest, it is best to harmonise demand and availability of fuel wood. With this, the study estimate the wood consumed as fuel and the factors that influence wood consumed as fuel in selected communities. Four communities were purposively chosen based on fuel wood usage: Ugbolu, Ngegu, Ani-Ngene and Aniwalo. Ninety five questionnaires were randomly administered to harvesters of wood for fuel to obtain information on socio-economic characteristics, amount of fuel wood consumed and species of tree mostly harvested for fuel wood. The results showed that the respondents are mostly male (54.7%) and are within the age-bracket of 42-51 years, with household size of 6-10 persons. The average fuel wood consumed by each household is 0.016-0.081m3 weekly in dry season and 0.012-0.057m3 weekly in rainy season. The total amount of wood consumed as fuel is 13,433.7m3 annually. Tectona grandis, Gmelina arborea Roxb (Gmelina) and Morinda lucida Benth are the species of trees predominantly used for fuel wood. The multiple regression analysis shows that socio-economic characteristics have no influence on wood consumption as fuel.
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Kardeş, Merve, Koray Özrenk, and Mustafa Terin. "Tüketicilerin Sert Kabuklu Kuruyemiş Tüketim Alışkanlıkları ve Satın Alma Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi: Siirt İli Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 2 (March 3, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i2.169-174.1529.
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The aim of the study is to determine the consumers hard shell dried nuts consumption habits and purchasing behaviours in urban areas of Siirt Province. The main data of this study has been compiled through questionnaires from 150 consumers who live in urban area of Siirt. In the analysis of the data, frequency tables were used and the logit model where consumers consume sufficient amount of nuts in their families. In the survey, 62.7% of the respondents were male, 63.4% were in the 25-40 age group, 64.0% were married, 62.0% were in the income group of 2001-4000 TL, 49.3% of the family members consumed sufficient amount of nuts, 56.0% it was determined that the consumption of the nuts had information about the benefits and 78.7% of the nuts purchased from the nuts shop. In the study, it was also found that there was a positive relationship between think that sufficient amount of nuts was consumed in the family with knowing the benefits of nuts consumption On the other hand, the relationship between think that sufficient amount of nuts was consumed in the family and gender was found to be negative.
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Salgado-Beltrán, Víctor Abrahán, Bernardo Murillo-Amador, Alejandra Nieto-Garibay, José Ángel Armenta-Quintana, Narciso Aguilera, and Ricardo Ortega-Pérez. "Composición bioquímica y mineral de especies vegetales consumidas por cabras en pastoreo en tres temporadas del año." Revista MVZ Córdoba 29, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): e3328. http://dx.doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3328.
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Objetive. Determine and compare the biochemical and mineral composition of plant species consumed by grazing goats in three seasons of the year (drought, rain, and transition). Materials and methods. Sampling of the plant species that consume goats in each season of the year were made, during the time the goats feed on the rangeland, following them by the feeding paths and registering the species, the organs consumed, and the proportion of consumption This data were used to calculate a preference index, registering the frequency of consumption The three most consumed species by goats per season were selected. Results. The most consumed species in the drought season were Cyrtocarpa edulis, Pithecollobium confine, and Cercidium floridum. During the rainy season, the most consumed species were Forchhammeria watsonii, Tecoma stans, and Cercidium floridum. The most consumed species during rainy season were, Cyrtocarpa edulis, Indigofera suffruticosa, and Mimosa distachya. The protein content and ethereal extract were superior (p≤0.05) in the drought season. The content of Ca, Mg, Mn, K, P, and total-N were superior (p≤0.05) in the rainy season. Conclusions. The plant species associated with the rangeland in the study area, showed variation per season of the year in mineral and biochemical content, although are a source of minerals and nutrients for goats.
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Mukherjee, Subrat, and Neera Sen Sarkar. "The Range of Prey Size of the Royal Bengal Tiger of Sundarbans." Journal of Ecosystems 2013 (December 10, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/351756.
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Relatively little is known about the feeding habit of the Royal Bengal Tiger of Sundarbans and the relative biomass of individual prey base species that the predator consumes during each kill. This is the first attempt to collect such data from the study area. Data sets of two phases have been used. Identification of undigested remains of 214 tiger scat samples was carried out. A comparison with Sundarbans tigers in zoo has been made. In its natural habitat, the tiger consumes more of spotted deer, followed by wild boar, rhesus monkey, and water monitor. Though the tiger consumes a relatively low proportion of small prey species to meet its dietary requirements, it gains importance in the present perspective. Significant increase is noted in the relative number of prey species consumed in the second phase, which correlates well with increased prey availability. Hypotheses formulated to find the difference in prey biomass and relative number of prey consumed have been tested statistically. A significant difference in terms of relative number of prey consumed only was derived which has been qualitatively correlated with the positive effect of increased vigilance, as revealed by secondary data, on conserving tiger habitat vis-a-vis the increased prey availability in Sundarbans.
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Steinkraus, Donald C., and Arthur J. Mueller. "Impact of True Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Feeding on Wheat Yields in Arkansas." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 3 (July 1, 2003): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.3.431.
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Wheat leaf consumption by the true armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta Haworth, was determined in the laboratory in 1993, 1994, and 1995. Total mean wheat leaf area consumed per larva from eclosion to pupation varied significantly from year to year (77.4–135.4 cm2) with an overall mean leaf area consumed of 103.2 cm2. Wheat field plots were infested with third-instar armyworms and allowed to consume wheat foliage at boot and anthesis stages until preset defoliation levels were met (0, 10, 25, and 50% defoliation in 1993, and 0, 35, 50, 65, and 75% defoliation in 1994, and 0, 35, 50, 65, and 75% defoliation in 1995, and 1996). Overall, no significant differences were seen between treatments in number of heads or mean weight of seeds per head in any year suggesting that at boot and anthesis stages Arkansas wheat can sustain up to 75% defoliation by armyworms with little loss in yield. Even at population levels that resulted in 75% defoliation head cutting was negligible.
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Stephen, Ojo Olutope, Olofinsao A. Oluwatosin, and Abdulaleem A. Medinat. "Analysis of Consumer Preference for Cassava Products in Akoko South West Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Social Sciences Perspectives 7, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33094/7.2017.2020.71.46.52.
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The study analysed consumer preference for cassava products in Akoko South local Government area of Ondo state, Nigeria. Data were collected from one hundred and ten (110) respondents with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions together with correlation Test were used to analyse the study data. The result revealed that the mean age of the household head was found to be 49.5 years and have a mean income of ₦26,800. The result revealed that garri is the major cassava product consumed. The result of the regression revealed that household size and income are the major factor that enhance the consumption of cassava products in the study area. The results of the Pearson Correlation showed that there is no significant relationship between income and the cassava products consumed. The major constraints faced were price of the products, taste, and household size. This research recommends that the Government, Ministries of Agriculture should provide improved technologies for production, processing and adding value to the cassava products. Scientists and bioengineers are encouraged to develop cassava varieties with less cyanide content and healthier for consumption by the old. Extension personnel should provide extensive services for actors of cassava value chain.
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Tripp-Valdez, A., F. Galván-Magaña, and S. Ortega-García. "Food sources of common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) based on stomach content and stable isotopes analyses." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95, no. 3 (December 17, 2014): 579–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414001842.
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Dolphinfish (Mahimahi) are a high-demand resource for sport and coastal fisheries, mainly in the Pacific Ocean. Due to their economic and ecological importance, studies of their biology are very important to understand their function in ecosystems. We used stable isotope and stomach content analyses to determine the most important prey of the common dolphinfish, as well as the trophic level of this species in two areas of the southern Gulf of California. Stomach contents of 445 specimens were analysed. Using both techniques, we found that the most important prey for dolphinfish in the southern Gulf of California were three invertebrate species followed by fish. This contrasts with results from other authors who found that this species was mainly piscivorous in other locations. Stomach content analysis indicated differences in prey biomass by area, season and size class. The isotopic analysis did not show significant differences between seasons or sexes. Both stomach contents and stable isotope analyses showed that although this predator consumed a wide prey spectrum, only a few prey items made up the bulk of the diet, which resulted in a low SD in δ15N values and low Levin's index values. We conclude that this fish is an opportunistic predator that may consume a wide prey spectrum, but that it mainly consumes prey that are abundant in the area, such as crustaceans and cephalopods in the Gulf of California.
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Faber, Mieke. "Complementary foods consumed by 6 – 12-month-old rural infants in South Africa are inadequate in micronutrients." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 4 (June 2005): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004685.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine the nutrient composition of complementary foods consumed by 6–12-month-old South African infants.DesignNutrient intake was determined for infants who were recruited to participate in a randomised controlled trial using a single 24-hour dietary recall.Setting/subjectsInfants aged 6–12 months (n = 475) residing in The Valley of a Thousand Hills, a rural area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.ResultsEnergy and protein intakes from complementary foods were adequate. Infants who consumed infant products (commercially available fortified infant cereals/ready-to-eat canned baby foods/formula milk powder) had significantly higher intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and vitamin C than infants who did not consume any infant products. For infants who consumed infant cereals (n = 142), these cereals provided 51% of total iron intake. Infant cereals provided more than 25% of total intake for magnesium, thiamine, niacin and vitamin B12. For infants consuming ready-to-eat canned baby foods (n = 77), these products contributed less than 15% of total intake for all the micronutrients. The nutrient density of the complementary diet was less than half the desired density for calcium, iron and zinc. Animal products were consumed by 17% of infants, 26% consumed dairy products and 18% consumed vitamin-A-rich fruit and vegetables during the 24-hour recall period.ConclusionThe nutrient composition of complementary foods among rural South African infants was inadequate, especially for iron, zinc and calcium. Strategies should be developed to improve the nutritional quality of their diets.
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Rezki, Sri, Irma HY Siregar, and Halimah Halimah. "Drinking Water’s Consumption in West Borneo’s Peatlands Area: Causal Factors of Caries?" Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi 9, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jkg.v9i1.8101.
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West Borneo has 1.73 million hectares of peatland areas. Therefore, people consume drinking water derived from rainwater or mountain water. In line with that, they also have a high caries rate. This water consumption might have a role in caries incidence. Besides, substrate, agent, host, and time could become other influence factors. This study aims to determine the factors that affect dental caries in West Borneo’s peat areas based on drinking water consumption.The research method was the facto exposé research. The population was children aged 12-14 years and taken by Cluster random sampling. The data were analyzed with correlation tests related to drinking water consumption which causing dental caries numbers.The study showed a significant difference in the Fluoride content of the four water types (p-value = 0.018).The influence of water consumption on caries was only 2%. However, the caries incidence among respondents who consumed mountain water was higher.Behavioral and tooth brushing activities significantly impacted respondents with different drinking water consumption.
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Jateno, Workicho, Bamlaku Alamirew Alemu, and Maru Shete. "Household dietary diversity across regions in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian socio-economic survey data." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (April 5, 2023): e0283496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283496.
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Background Household food and nutrition insecurity continued to be a development and policy agenda in Ethiopia. Assessing the patterns and determinants of household dietary diversity is an important area of research given its importance for policy uptake in the country. This study is, therefore, initiated to identify the dominant food groups consumed by households and to investigate the determinants of household dietary diversity in the country. Method We used data from the 4th wave of the Ethiopian socioeconomic survey. The survey data for this study included 3,115 households living in rural areas (hereafter called ‘rural households’). Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) was calculated and categorized as per the FAO’s recommendation: low HDDS category for those who consume three or less food groups, medium HDDS for those who consume four to six, and high HDDS for those who consume seven and more food groups during the past seven days. Ordinal logistic regression model was employed to estimate the determinants of rural household’s dietary diversity. Results Cereals were the most dominant food group consumed by 96.4% of the households followed by pulses, which was consumed by 82% of the households Nutrition-dense food commodities such as lean meat, vegetables and fruits were the least consumed food groups by households in Ethiopia. In terms of determinants of dietary diversity, female headed households have 38% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to their male-headed counterparts (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.73). Household heads who completed secondary education and above have 62% more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to uneducated household heads (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.30). Household heads who are single have 37% less chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those household heads who are married (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.80). Those households located in Harari regional state and in the rural surroundings of Diredawa town have 6.56 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households living in Tigray and Amhara regional states (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 4.60, 9.37). The results also highlighted that households who are in the upper wealth category have 9 times more chance of consuming diverse foods compared to those households who are the lower wealth category (AOR = 8.54, 95% CI: 6.79, 11.98).
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Hassan, Dahlia Abou El, and Sharareh Hekmat. "Dietary Acculturation of Arab Immigrants: In the Greater Toronto Area." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 73, no. 3 (September 2012): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/73.3.2012.143.
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Purpose: We explored the eating habits of Arab immigrants to determine whether they have maintained their traditional diet or have consumed a more Westernized diet since immigrating to Canada. Methods: Arab immigrants who had been in Canada for at least eight years and were currently living in the Greater Toronto Area were recruited. A sample of 24 Arab immigrants completed a mailed, self-administered questionnaire, and six participated in a focus group. The focus group discussion was transcribed verbatim and results were recorded. Latent content analysis was used to analyze, code, and categorize emerging themes. Results: Arab immigrants consumed a mixture of both Arabic and Western food and perceived their current diet to be healthier than it was before they immigrated to Canada. Factors that influenced their food choices included increased nutrition health awareness, differences in food preferences and preparation methods, and preservation of dietary practices in the new environment. Conclusions: Our findings will help dietitians who work with Arab immigrants to become more aware of factors that motivate this group's food choices, and to create nutrition programs that are more culturally sensitive.
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Bolotnikov, Alexander, Peter A. Losee, Peter Deeb, Meng Li Wang, Greg Dunne, James Kretchmer, Stephen Arthur, and Ljubisa Stevanovic. "Design of Area-Efficient, Robust and Reliable Junction Termination Extension in SiC Devices." Materials Science Forum 858 (May 2016): 737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.858.737.
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This paper discusses SiC JTE design tradeoffs required to maximize device performance while minimizing consumed die area, fabrication cost and maintaining good reliability. Modeling and experimental results are provided.
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Qureshi, I. H., J. H. Zaidi, M. Arif, A. Mannan, and I. Fatima. "Minor and Trace Elements Evaluation of Pulses Consumed in Rawalpindi-Islamabad Area." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 44, no. 4 (September 1991): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067319108027560.
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Knezović, Nevenka J., Mustafa Memić, Mirela Mabić, Jasna Huremović, and Ivanka Mikulić. "Correlation between water hardness and cardiovascular diseases in Mostar city, Bosnia and Herzegovina." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 4 (April 25, 2014): 817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.129.
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The aim of this study was to determine the association of cardiovascular disease (CVD) of selected human subjects with the hardness of water they consume. Laboratory testing of physical and chemical parameters of water were made using standardized methods: Standard Methods 19th edn, 1995 (APHA, AWWA & WEF, Washington, DC), and ISO 7888:1985, ISO 10523:1998. Pearson's chi-squared test was used for the statistical analysis of data, with the significance level of 0.05. The obtained data were analysed using the statistical program SPSS 16.0. The study sample consisted of 1,021 individuals divided into two groups: soft water consumers, 603 individuals, and, hard water consumers, 618 individuals. Results indicate that a statistically significant (χ2 = 5.315; df = 1; p = 0.021) number of individuals with CVD drink soft water. The prevalence of CVD in the age group 45–60 years in the study area where soft water is consumed was 21.3% and in the study area where hard water is consumed the prevalence of CVD was 13.7%. The summary results indicate significant correlation between the prevalence of CVD in the population group who drink soft water. The value of the relative risk is 1.127.
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Hema, Emmanuel M., Valy Ouattara, Gnoumou Parfait, Massimiliano Di Vittorio, Djidama Sirima, Daniele Dendi, Wendengoudi Guenda, Fabio Petrozzi, and Luca Luiselli. "Bushmeat consumption in the West African Sahel of Burkina Faso, and the decline of some consumed species." Oryx 53, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316001721.
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AbstractTo explore the patterns of bushmeat trade in the Sahel we carried out a multidisciplinary study, focusing on Burkina Faso. We conducted baseline interview surveys to examine the variation in people's perceptions of bushmeat in relation to their place of residence (urban vs rural), sex and age. We also analysed the long-term (1985–2010) population dynamics of two ungulate species, the oribi Ourebia ourebi and the common duiker Sylvicapra grimmia, known to be among the main targets of the bushmeat trade locally. For the antelopes we chose as our study area a protected area (Nazinga Game Ranch) where poaching activities occur and are likely to represent a threat to the local wildlife. The results of the interviews underlined significant differences in bushmeat consumption between rural and urban areas. In particular, the probability of finding people who did not consume bushmeat increased in the urban area, where bushmeat is less available than in the rural areas. Sex and age did not have any effect on people's perceptions of bushmeat. In Burkina Faso bushmeat is still widely consumed, and this could be because the bushmeat trade is poorly controlled, with a lack of enforcement of the legislation. Long-term field surveys revealed that the oribi and the common duiker have declined significantly in Nazinga Game Ranch, suggesting that the bushmeat trade in Burkina Faso may have negative consequences in terms of the conservation outlook for these species.
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Martínez Maldonado, Raúl, Luiz Jorge Pedrão, María Magdalena Alonso Castillo, Karla Selene López García, and Nora Nely Oliva Rodríguez. "Self-esteem, perceived self-efficacy, consumption of tobacco and alcohol in secondary students from urban and rural areas of Monterrey, Nuevo León, México." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 16, spe (August 2008): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692008000700018.
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This study aimed to know the differences, if any, in the consumption of tobacco and alcohol among adolescents from urban and rural areas, and if self-esteem and self-efficacy are related to the consumption in these two groups of adolescents from secondary schools in urban and rural areas of Nuevo León México, from January to June in 2006. The study was based on the theoretical concepts of self-esteem, perceived self-efficacy and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. The design was descriptive and correlational with a sample of 359 students. A substantial difference was found in the consumption of tobacco among secondary students from urban and rural areas (U= 7513.50, p = .03). The average consumption in urban area was higher (average chi = .35) than in the rural area (average chi = .14). A negative and significant relation was found between the quantity of drinks consumed on a typical day and self-esteem (r s = - .23, p <.001), as well as for the quantity of cigarettes consumed on a typical day (r s = - .20, p <.001).
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Ashraf, K., and A. Santhoshkumar. "Ecological status of Wild Edibles consumed by Cholanaickens, a primitive tribe of Western Ghats, India." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2011-uw1n1a.
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A study was undertaken to document the ecological status of wild edibles consumed among the Cholanaickens tribe of Western Ghat in India. It was found that they consume a number of wild edible plants. It was observed that the people are less dependent on their traditional foods owing to the availability of subsidized food from the cooperative stores. A total of fifty six species of wild edible plants were documented which are consumed by the Cholanaickens. Among those species, twenty four species were leafy vegetables, followed by twelve fruit yielding species, nine species, which produce edible seeds, and eleven species producing tubers and rhizomes. The phytosociological study showed that only thirteen species of edible plants are available at present in the study area. It was also found that regeneration of most of the tuber species is not taking place probably because of higher exploitation in the previous period.
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Nautiyal, Anchala, Neeta Gaur, Kamendra Singh, and Preeti Sharma. "Effect of soybean plant phenols and flavonoid on the mean leaf area consumed by Spodopteralitura and Spilosoma obliqua larvae." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 1931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1065.
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The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of soybean plant phenols and flavonoid content on the mean leaf area consumed by Spodopteralitura and Spilosoma obliqua larva. Phenols and flavonoid content in methanolic leaf extract of thirty three genotypes of soybean were determined by spectrophotometrically. Thehighest and lowest phenolic content were found in genotypes JS-20-41(2.2±0.073 mg/g) and CSB 904 (0.45 ±0.11 mg/g), respectively. While the highest and lowest flavonoid content was found in genotypes SL 979 4.686± 0.062 mg QE/ g, respectively. In correlation study a highly significant negative correlation was observed between mean leaf area consumed (cm2) by S. litura, phenol content (-0.741 ) and flavonoid content (-0.737) similarly a highly significant negative correlation was observed between mean leaf area consumed by S. obliqua, phenol content (-0.728) and flavonoid content (-0.736) in leaves. Hence it can be concluded that, the genotypes which were having higher phenol and flavonoid content in their leaves offered resistance against S. litura and S. boliqua in soybean.
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Tabassum, Tasmin, Tahsin Tabassum, Asma Akter Bhuiyan, Mehran Mosharraff Hossain Niloy, Syeda Muntaka Maniha, and Rashed Noor. "Microbiological Quality Analysis of Popular Fluids and Drinks Sold in Bashundhara Residential Area, Dhaka." Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 36, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v36i2.45538.
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The mass public health principally depends on types and qualities of a range of food items in any neighborhood. In this very study the microbiological analysis of the most sold bottled waters, fruit juices and dairy fluids consumed by the maximum children, carbonated soft drinks and the energy drinks especially consumed by young people was conducted with the simple isolation approach following the traditional microbiological methodology. Presence of Staphylococcus spp. was detected in 50% samples the results for the presence of enteric bacteria; fecal coliforms and Vibrio spp. were completely negative. On the basis of the quantification of total bacteria and of the staphylococcal species, more emphasis on the good manufacturing practice (GMP) as well as on the market complaints is suggested.
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 115-117
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Jo, Jeongkyu. "A Study on the Food Culture Regions using the Watershed: Focused on Damyang-gun and Hwasun-gun." Association of Korean Cultural and Historical Geographers 35, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29349/jchg.2023.35.2.76.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the formation and transformation of food culture in the region according to the watershed of Damyang-gun and Hwasun-gun, which are local governments of Jeollanam-do where the watershed of Yeongsan River and Seomjin River appears together. Since the natural environment in this area is similar, the difference in food consumption was not significantly different depending on the basin system because the ingredients produced were similar. The food that exerts the influence of the food culture area in this area is skate and spice jepi. Skate is widely consumed in the Yeongsan River basin system, and jepi is consumed in the Seomjin River water system. These two foods are expanding their consumption area based on the unique taste of the food itself. Skate was the representative food of the Yeongsan River basin system, but now it has established itself as a representative food of Jeollanam-do, and jepi is consumed only in the Seomjin River basin. In Damyang-gun and Hwasun-gun, the watershed influenced the setting of food culture, but now the food culture area by the watershed is undergoing many changes due to the development of transportation, migration of local residents, and socio-cultural changes.
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Desportes, Jean-Pierre, Alain Gallo, and Frank Cézilly. "Un indice de préférence normalisé pour la mesure des choix alimentaires individuels." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-074.
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Standardized indices (I) have been created to determine and analyze individual food preferences in choice tests between A types of food presented in the form of N items entirely consumable within the course of one test. For each food type, I represents the ratio between the cumulative area under the curve of the proportion of items consumed as a function of the order in which are consumed the A∙N items, and the sum of the areas for all A items. I varies from 0 (for food in which no item is consumed) to 1 (for food items consumed exclusively); I = 1A for A types of food for which there is no preference; the sum of all indices (I) for all A foods equals 1 in all tests. These standardized indices have been used in tests on Barbary doves (Streptopelia risoria) to study intra-individual coherence and interindividual correspondance in reference to preferences for canary grass (Phalaris canariensis L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), wheat (Triticum vulgare Vill.), hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), and millet (Panicum miliaceum L.).[Translated by the Journal]
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Appel, Sabrina Cristiane, and Grasiela Edith de Oliveira Porfirio. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF CITIZEN SCIENCE TO THE KNOWLEDGE ON THE FEEDING HABITS OF ARA ARARAUNA IN AN URBAN AREA OF CENTRAL WESTERN BRAZIL." Ornitología Neotropical 34, no. 1 (March 17, 2023): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.58843/ornneo.v34i1.1007.
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We aimed to analyze the food resources consumed by Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758) in the urban area of Campo Grande, from the photographic records released on the WikiAves© platform by the professional and amateur photographers. We retrieved 36 records of A. ararauna feeding, while we identified 16 species of plants in the diet of A. ararauna. Fruits and seeds were the most consumed plant parts, and 75% of the species diet was composed of native plants. As there is no prior information available on the diet of this species in the urban area of Campo Grande, the records released on the WikiAves© platform helped us to answer several important questions regarding its feeding habits. We highlight the importance of planting native species in urban afforestation, as well as the maintenance of urban parks and green areas, to maintain the populations of A. ararauna in the city.
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Høyer, Georg, Odd Nilssen, Tormod Brenn, and Helge Schirmer. "Norwegians and cheap alcohol: Consumption in a low price area." Nordisk Alkoholtisdkrift (Nordic Alcohol Studies) 11, no. 3 (June 1994): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507259401100309.
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Although the archipelago of Svalbard is a part of Norway (situated 78 degrees north), the area is subject to a different alcohol policy than on the Norwegian mainland. In Svalbard, the prices of alcohol are low (in comparison to those on the mainland): however, personal quotas are in force in order to control sales. This study compares the level of alcohol consumption on Svalbard and on the Norwegian mainland. The comparison is based on self-reports of alcohol consumption. In Svalbard all of the residents eighteen years or older were screened by a self-administered questionnaire: alcohol consumption was recorded as an intake of alcohol measured in units during the last week before filling in the questionnaire. On the mainland, the recording was carried out through personal interviews in which respondents were asked about the frequency of alcohol intake and the average amount of intake for each episode in representative periods. The results showed that men in Svalbard consumed 1.7 times more alcohol then the men consumed on the mainland: women, 1.4 times more. The increased level of alcohol consumption can primarily be explained by the lower prices of alcohol in Svalbard. Thus this study strongly confirms the results of other studies which stress the impact of prices on the levels of alcohol consumption.
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Ayodele, Olayinka Adeosun, and Adeyemi Owoade Olufemi. "Duck production in Ibadan metropolis area of Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science and Practice 5, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasp2020.188.
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Ducks are domesticated birds that are reared for their meat and eggs like other poultry, but in Nigeria many are yet to see opportunity in duck production as it is less embraced compare to other types of poultry. This is mainly because duck rearing is not economically viable as its eggs and meat are not widely consumed as that of chickens in many homes in the country. On these premises, this study was carried out to investigate duck production in Ibadan metropolis of Oyo State. A random sampling technique was used to select four local governments from the six in Ibadan less city. Thirty respondents were purposively chosen from each selected local government area. The results showed that female dominates duck production and were raised majorly for household consumption. The paper identified restricted market access and non-availability of improved husbandry as major constraint to duck production in the area. The paper concluded that although duck meat has no big market but is widely consumed in rural areas. Thus, rural communities can be encouraged to rear and eat duck, to bridge noticed protein gap in rural communities. In this regard, educating the populace about the significance of duck farming and promotion of research in improved duck husbandry becomes imperative.
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Inkamba-Nkulu, Clement, Jean Malekani Mukulire, Corneille Ewango Ndomba, Julien Punga Kumanenge, Jonas Nagahuedi Sodi Mbongu, and Koto-Te Nyiwa Ngbolua. "Biodiversity of Forest Elephants (Loxodonta Cyclotis) Diet in the Ogooué Leketi National Park, Congo Brazzaville." Sumerianz Journal of Biotechnology, no. 43 (July 19, 2021): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjb.43.94.106.
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The Ogooué Leketi National Park (OLNP) is located within the Batéké-Léconi-Léfini Landscape in the central basin of the Congo River. The Ogooué Leketi Elephant Project (OLEP) area is important for biodiversity conservation from its significant populations of forest species (forest elephant, gorillas, chimpanzees, duikers, monkeys, etc.) combined with savanna species (Grimm’s duiker, side-striped jackal, etc). Elephant sign is highest 0.9/km in the northwest of the Landscape in the border area of the Batéké Plateau National Park in Gabon where a number of mineral-rich clearings, or bais, attract forest elephants and others wildlife. Elephants travel a long distance and consume diverse plants and occasionally animals’ species from one clearing to others throughout the forest. This paper intends to provide an overall preliminary list of plants consumed by forest elephants across their feeding trials. The results of the study points to the fact that, elephants were found to be feeding on 258 different vegetal species and three animal species recorded from twenty-six elephants feeding trials from March 2013 to December 2014 through different methods. Among these plant species, 156 were identified by us and checked by botanists in both the CERVE at Brazzaville and herbarium of Kinshasa University. Elephants were not only eating plants but they were also consuming occasionally some invertebrate such as bees, termites and ants. An analysis of 53 dung piles revealed that 43 dung piles had traces of 26 species of fruit consumed by elephants while 10 dung piles had no traces of fruits. The OLNP is among the least described protected areas in the Republic of Congo, despite its speculated high potential biodiversity. This lack of ground-truth knowledge is attributed to the status of the protected area that Congolese government classified as park in 2018 after 14 years of existence.
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Ouma, James Odhiambo, GO Abong’, and S. Ngala. "Contribution of cassava and cassava-based products to food and nutrition security in Migori County, Kenya." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21`, no. 01 (February 2, 2021): 17399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.96.19975.
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The promotion of cassava as a staple and food security crop is widespread in Africa,Kenya included. Overreliance on cassava as a sole energy provider could lead to malnutrition. Consumption of high hydro-cyanide levels from cassava products could lead to health complications for consumers.This study sought to establish the contribution of cassava consumption to nutrition in Migori County.A cross-sectional survey was carried out and data collected on households’cassava production and consumption practices. Two hundred and fifty-three households were randomly selected and household farming heads interviewed in West Kanyamkago, Orango Central and Kamgundho locations as areas where cassava is predominantly grown. Seven cassava flour samples of different cassava varieties grown in the area were obtained from farmers.Analyses were done to determine the moisture, cyanide and protein contents on flour and cooked stiff porridge (ugali). Results indicated that 99.1% of the households were farming. They highly depended on sale of farm and livestock produce as income.Ninety four percent of the households consumed cassava,of which 88.4% produced cassava on their farms. The most preferred cassava variety was ‘Rateng’.The main cassava products consumed were ugali(stiff porridge)and porridge. Majority of the households (95%) never consumed cassava leaves and were not aware that cassava leaves could be consumed.The cyanide level on average on dry flours was 53.23mg/kg while on consumed cooked ugali was13.44mg/kg. These levels were above the maximum limit of 10mg/kg recommended by WHO.Low average protein levels of <0.5g/100g were observed in the cooked ugali. This could pose a danger of protein energy malnutrition if no other sources are consumed by the household members.Cassava farming households in the study area require support to promote growth of low cyanide varieties in order to reduce intake.
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Ward-Fear, Georgia, Gregory P. Brown, and Richard Shine. "Predators learning to avoid toxic invasive prey: a study on individual variation among free-ranging lizards." Behaviour 157, no. 14-15 (September 30, 2020): 1153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10040.
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Abstract Within all wild populations, individuals vary in ways that affect their vulnerability to threatening processes. Understanding that variation may clarify mechanisms of population persistence and/or evolution. In Australia, Yellow-spotted Monitors (Varanus panoptes), decline by >90% when toxic Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) invade an area. Taste-aversion training (exposing animals to non-lethal toads) can buffer impacts; but does pre-existing behavioural variation also influence survival? An individual’s fate can be predicted from its behaviour during aversion-training trials. Lizards presented with small toads either consumed them, rejected them, or fled. When Cane Toads invaded our study site, mortality was lower in lizards that ‘consumed’ (aversion-trained) than in those that ‘fled’ (untrained), but even lower in lizards that ‘rejected’ toads outright. Thus, animals reluctant to consume toads in trials survived despite never being aversion-trained. In this system, lizard vulnerability is driven by boldness, behavioural responses to novel prey types, and the opportunity to learn aversion.
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Solange, Aka, Dje Koffi Marcellin, Aka Solange, Fokou Gilbert, Doumbia Mohamed, Ahoussi Josiane Marie Stella, Bonfoh Bassirou, Doumbia Mohamed, and Ahoussi Josiane Marie Stella. "Production Et Consommation Du Tchapalo À Abidjan : Typologie Des Brasseuses Et Des Consommateurs." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n1p148.
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The tchapalo, traditional Ivorian beer, formerly produced in northern Côte d'Ivoire, has overflowed the geographical limits of its production. Its consumption is becoming more momentum in Abidjan. For a better knowledge of actors and a valorization of this beverage, this work was conducted through a survey of 385 brewers and 77 tchapalo consumers selected in 3 areas of Abidjan. Results showed that tchapalo is produced exclusively by Burkinabe women (45.5%) and the Ivorian women came from northern part of Côte d'Ivoire (53.2%), mainly women of the Lobi ethnic group (90.2%). Tchapalo production was a significant source of income for these women. The biggest consumers of tchapalo came from the Akan ethnic group which represented 52.5% of respondents. Because of its financial accessibility (300 CFA francs per liter), tchapalo is consumed by all socio-economic and professional groups, particularly foremen (41%) and laborers (31.7%). Consumers who found therapeutic principles to the tchapalo represented 54.3% of respondents. Furthermore, over 95% of respondents preferred to consume into tchapalo production area to meet friends and also to maintain fraternity links with brewers. However, 25.7% of consumers chose to consume in a specific tchapalo production area for the taste of the beverage and 25.5% due to welcome that their reserves the producer. Favorite consumption moments were afternoons and evenings.
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Balamurugan, C. R. "Three Area Power System Load Frequency Control Using Fuzzy Logic Controller." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 7, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp18-26.
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System frequency is one of the most important parameters of a power system. Du to generation-load mismatches, the system frequency can vary over a small range. When the power consumed by loads and overall losses is greater than the generated power, the operating frequency of the system will decrease, resulting in a situation known as the under frequency condition. In some other case, if some of the loads in a system are disconnected from the system suddenly, or lost, it leads to a condition called as the over frequency condition. This condition is char acterized by greater input power than the consumed power by the loads. The rest of the loads in the system will absorb the extra power and the generator inertia, leading to an increase in the system frequency. In both the cases, the system frequency fluctuates from the power system’s limited frequency range, further leading to tripping off of the substation and further collapsing of the entire system. The paper describes a new method employing a smart meter to monitor and control the power system frequency which changes according to the loading conditions in the system, whether under load condition or overload condition.<p> </p>
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Maakhni, Govind, Shavinder Singh, and Deepshikha Kamra. "Consumption of the trans fats and fats in adult females in urban and rural areas of Ludhiana: a population-based study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 4769. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195053.
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Background: In India, fast foods are becoming part of our daily lifestyle. Foods prepared in restaurants are very high in trans fats (TFs). Also, alarmingly about 400,000 tonnes of snacks, which are largely prepared in TFs are consumed every year. According to recent studies, TFs levels are 5 to 12 times higher in the oils consumed in India as compared to the world standard. The WHO recommends that TFs intake be less than 1 percent of total caloric intake. The objective of the study was to assess the consumption of TFs and fats in foods by the population in urban and rural areas.Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study. All adult females above 18 years of age who took an active part in kitchen were interviewed. Their dietary patterns were assessed. The sampling was done using a systematic random sampling technique and 200 participants each in rural and urban areas were selected.Results: 12 percent participants in the urban area and 9 percent participants in the rural area were exceeding WHO limit of less than 1 percent TFs consumption. The median value of TFs consumption was higher in urban area (0.575 grams/day) than in rural area (0.427 grams/day).Conclusions: The study concludes that 12 percent participants in the urban area and 9 percent participants in the rural area were exceeding TFs consumption. Therefore, a proactive approach to ensure that these WHO regulations have the full intended effect needs to be taken.
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Hahn, Norma Segatti, Rosilene Luciana Delariva, and Valdirene Esgarbosa Loureiro. "Feeding of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Characidae): a post impoundment studies on Itaipu reservoir, upper Paraná River, PR." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 43, no. 2 (2000): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132000000200010.
Full textAbstract:
With objective to know feeding spectrum of Acestrorhynchus lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874), a middle size predator in different places of influence area of Itaipu reservoir, stomach contents were analyzed. Samples were collected from March 1984 to February 1989 from Itaipu Reservoir and its adjacent areas. Its fed mainly on fishes, but it was an opportunistic (consumed 17 species of prey). Despite of the wide feeding spectrum, few preys were dominant in the diet, according to the different habitats sampled. As a result, it significant spatial differences in the diet was observed. Was observed through "Detrented Correspondence Analysis" (DCA) these were divided into three groups in relation with diet: preys from upstream, with higher scores; preys from the reservoir, with intermediate scores; and preys from a tributary with smaller scores. This discrimination may be a function of prey availability in each habitat. The mean size of preys consumed increased with the size of the predator, as well as the variance, i. e. the largest fish also consumed small preys.
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Prayudi, Luhur Aditya. "ANALYSIS OF FARM IN PINEAPPLE (Ananas comulus (L.) Merr) IN SEMPU VILLAGE, DISTRICT NGANCAR, KEDIRI." JARES (Journal of Academic Research and Sciences) 2, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/jares.v2i2.401.
Full textAbstract:
The agricultural sector plays an important role in national development. The area of cultivated land or planting area and harvest of Indonesian fruits on average is relatively small. Pineapple is a type of fruit found in the tropics and consumed in a lot of fresh. One of the pineapple producing areas in Kediri Regency is in Ngancar District, including Sempu Village. The purpose of this study is to determine the expenditure and income of pineapple farmers in Sempu Village District Ngancar Kediri and to determine the feasibility of pineapple farming in Sempu Village District Ngancar Kediri. For pineapple farming requires a variable cost consisting of expenses consumed and labor costs Total variable costs for land area of 0.5 Ha Rp 15.312.000 and land area 1 Ha Rp 30.655.000. For fixed cost of pineapple farm consist of land rent, capital interest can be known fixed cost for land area 0,5 Ha Rp 3,229,650, land area 1 Ha Rp 6,459,825, hence can be calculated total cost in pineapple farm for land with wide area 0.5 Ha of Rp 18,542,180 and pineapple farming with a land area of 1 Ha of Rp 37,114,825. The sale results obtained by pineapple farmers selling price according to the quality of pineapple fruit, for the land area of 0.5 Ha obtained profit of Rp 14,182,820 and land area of 1 Ha Rp 28.335.175. The result of the business feasibility test of 0.5 ha and 1 ha is not the same for 0.5 ha yield 1.7648. While for 1 ha R / C ratio produces 1.7634. For both patterns are equally good and worth developing. Keywords: Farming, feasibility Received: 20 August, 2017; Accepter: 10 September, 2017
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Prayudi, Luhur Aditya. "ANALYSIS OF FARM IN PINEAPPLE (Ananas comulus (L.) Merr) IN SEMPU VILLAGE, DISTRICT NGANCAR, KEDIRI." Journal of Academic Research and Sciences (JARES) 2, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/jares.v2i2.401.
Full textAbstract:
The agricultural sector plays an important role in national development. The area of cultivated land or planting area and harvest of Indonesian fruits on average is relatively small. Pineapple is a type of fruit found in the tropics and consumed in a lot of fresh. One of the pineapple producing areas in Kediri Regency is in Ngancar District, including Sempu Village. The purpose of this study is to determine the expenditure and income of pineapple farmers in Sempu Village District Ngancar Kediri and to determine the feasibility of pineapple farming in Sempu Village District Ngancar Kediri. For pineapple farming requires a variable cost consisting of expenses consumed and labor costs Total variable costs for land area of 0.5 Ha Rp 15.312.000 and land area 1 Ha Rp 30.655.000. For fixed cost of pineapple farm consist of land rent, capital interest can be known fixed cost for land area 0,5 Ha Rp 3,229,650, land area 1 Ha Rp 6,459,825, hence can be calculated total cost in pineapple farm for land with wide area 0.5 Ha of Rp 18,542,180 and pineapple farming with a land area of 1 Ha of Rp 37,114,825. The sale results obtained by pineapple farmers selling price according to the quality of pineapple fruit, for the land area of 0.5 Ha obtained profit of Rp 14,182,820 and land area of 1 Ha Rp 28.335.175. The result of the business feasibility test of 0.5 ha and 1 ha is not the same for 0.5 ha yield 1.7648. While for 1 ha R / C ratio produces 1.7634. For both patterns are equally good and worth developing. Keywords: Farming, feasibility Received: 20 August, 2017; Accepter: 10 September, 2017
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Samsurizal, Samsurizal, Rio Afrianda, and Andi Makkulau. "Optimizing the Potential of Solar Energy PT PJB UP Muara Karang Rooftop Area Using HelioScope." ELKHA 14, no. 1 (April 20, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v14i1.49910.
Full textAbstract:
Year after year, there has been a rise in use of electrical power. The industrial, home, commercial, and public sectors accounted for 234,617.88 GWh of PLN's electrical energy sales in 2018. Meanwhile, the household, industrial, commercial, social sector, government office buildings, and public street lighting consumed 2,857.06 GWh of electrical energy in DKI Jakarta. The majority of the energy resources required by interconnected networks are fossil (coal). As a result, a future alternative to fossil fuels is required. Optimizing solar energy that may be employed in urban settings is one of the uses of renewable energy. The building sector consumes up to 40% of the total annual energy. By installing a renewable energy system on the roof of PT PJB Muara Karang power plant unit. The solar power plant energy potential on the roof of PT PJB UP Muara Karang administration building was simulated with HelioScope and using Quantitative Descriptive Method to maximize the rooftop area by installing 143 solar panel modules. which is capable of supplying 75.11 percent of the energy needs at PT. PJB UP Muara Karang.
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Dhakal, Sulav, Susmita Panthi, Bimala Kumari Khanal, Laxmi Pandey, and Shiva Shankar Bhattarai. "The Feeding Potential of Greater Wax Moth (Galleria melonella) in Different Gauzes of Plastics." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i2.29594.
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Greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella), the honey comb moth, is the member of family pyralidae, considered as the serious pest of the bee industry, is also known for its plastics digesting ability. This research was carried out in two phases in the month of September- October & December- January. The data on change in weight of the plastics using digital balance and area of plastic consumed by the larvae was taken for 30 and 15 consecutive days in winter and summer respectively. From the statistical analysis the results found out; 8.4 mg, 2.4 mg & 1.6mg mean change in weight in the treatment T1, T2, T3 respectively; that the area of plastic consumed by the larvae was higher in plastics of 200 gauze i.e. smaller the gauze of plastic, greater the area consumed. The study revealed the similar change in weight of plastics within the range of 300-500 gauze which was lower than the change in weight of the natural feed, wax. Higher rate of plastic feeding was observed in summer as compared to winter.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 235-240
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Bellere, A. D., J. C. P. Frias, C. K. J. Dela Roca, J. A. B. Abogado, and Raseetha S. "Fungivory assessment of wild edible mushrooms in Bicol Natural Park, Philippines." Food Research 7, Supplementary 4 (November 11, 2023): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(s4).16.
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Mushrooms are known as one of the decomposers in the ecosystem since they commonly thrive in plant debris which is highly abundant in Bicol Natural Park. In addition, these macrofungi were identified to be consumed by the locals due to its palatability and nutritional attributes. However, these edible mushrooms are not locally cultivated and the major area under the jurisdiction of the National Park was still untouched. Thus, a survey of one hundred respondents was carried out to assess the consumption of the wild edible mushrooms of Bicol Natural Park, having the two areas of Camarines Sur province situated at BNP, that is Barangay Bahi, Lupi and Barangay Tible, Sipocot served as sources of data. The study aimed to determine the wild edible mushrooms being consumed by the locals,identify their local terminologies and determine the various cooking methods of the indigenous edible mushrooms by the residents. Findings revealed that thirteen mushroom species were reported to be edible and are known to be practically consumed. On the other hand, the identified edible mushrooms have a native term in the area, and likewise these wild macrofungi were noted to be prepared and served as soup, fried and spice for different dishes. The mushroom species collected need to be further explored to establish its cultivation protocol in a farm setting.
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Bougher, N. L., and J. A. Friend. "Fungi consumed by translocated Gilbert's potoroos (Potorous gilbertii) at two sites with contrasting vegetation, south coastal Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 31, no. 2 (2009): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am09012.
Full textAbstract:
Gilbert’s potoroo (Potorous gilbertii) was previously widespread in south-west Australia but is now restricted to one location – a granitic area of shrubby heath at Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve on the south coast of Western Australia. To alleviate the threat of extinction a program is under way to establish potoroos in other locations. At Two Peoples Bay Gilbert’s potoroos feed almost exclusively on truffle fungi. However, it was not known whether potoroos translocated to any new areas would be able to rapidly access and consume fungi after translocation, or whether truffles could be a sustainable food supporting breeding populations of potoroos in translocation sites. Furthermore, it was not known whether translocation of potoroos would be successful only in areas with vegetation similar to their refuge at Two Peoples Bay. The current study addressed these questions by analysing the diet of potoroos translocated into two contrasting areas – one on Bald Island with similar topography and vegetation to that of Two Peoples Bay, and the other a 14-ha enclosure on the mainland dominated by Eucalyptus–Allocasuarina woodland. The diet of potoroos was characterised by microscopic examination of scats from individuals trapped after their translocation to these areas. At Bald Island a diverse range of fungi was consumed immediately after translocation. Four potoroos released onto the island only 4–8 days previously consumed 23 species of fungi. Consumption was sustained over time. Three potoroos released onto Bald Island 1–2 years previously and one island-born individual consumed 27 species of fungi during a two-day sampling period. Nine of the 27 fungi species were the same as those that had been consumed by the potoroos within days after their release onto the island. This indicates that production of fungi and their consumption by potoroos on the island was sustained at least 1–2 years after translocation. Potoroos bred on Bald Island during this period. During the same period, two potoroos that were moved from captivity to the mainland site (Ryedene) were consuming six species of truffles within 29 days after release, and 14 species within three months. Such data indicate that a wider selection of vegetation types and areas than just those similar to where potoroos occur at Two Peoples Bay may be able to sustain potoroos and should be investigated for future translocations.